Liquid level detection balancing device for hemodialysis

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly discloses a hemodialysis liquid level detection balancing device which comprises a dialyzer body. The dialysate cylinder is laterally communicated with one end of the dialyzer body, the waste liquid cylinder is laterally communicated with the other end of the dialyzer body, the reciprocating driving mechanism is arranged between the dialysate cylinder and the waste liquid cylinder, the adjustable power mechanism is arranged below the reciprocating driving mechanism, and a valve liquid supply system is arranged on the outer side of the dialysate cylinder. And a valve liquid discharge system is arranged on the outer side of the waste liquid cylinder. A reciprocating driving mechanism is driven by an adjustable power mechanism to drive a first piston and a second piston to slide synchronously, and one-way valves are arranged at the two ends of a dialysate cylinder and the two ends of a waste liquid cylinder to form a valve liquid supply system and a valve liquid discharge system. Simultaneous pressing-in and pumping-out of equivalent liquid in positive and negative strokes are realized, so that the risks of diaphragm damage and infection and sensor out-of-control are eliminated, and continuous and stable dialysis is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically referring to a liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis. Background Technology

[0002] Hemodialysis, as a primary renal replacement therapy for acute and chronic renal failure, operates on the core principle of exchanging substances between the patient's blood and dialysate via a semipermeable membrane. This process removes metabolic waste, corrects electrolyte imbalances, and maintains acid-base balance. Precise control of the amount of water removed from the patient's body—ultrafiltration control—is a crucial indicator for evaluating dialysis equipment performance and ensuring patient safety. Improper ultrafiltration can lead to serious complications such as hypotension, muscle cramps (over-filtration), heart failure, and hypertension (under-filtration).

[0003] In existing hemodialysis equipment, the technical approaches to achieving dialysate input and waste fluid output level balance and ultrafiltration control mainly fall into two categories: the flowmeter differential method, which utilizes Coriolis mass flow meters or electromagnetic flow meters to measure the influent and effluent flow rates respectively, and controls the ultrafiltration pump by calculating the difference; and the volume balance chamber method, which is currently the most widely used and relatively mature solution. Its core component is the balance chamber, which typically consists of a rigid chamber and a flexible membrane (or elastic diaphragm) separating it into two parts. Through the logical switching of a precision valve group, the hydraulic pressure of fresh dialysate pushes the membrane to undergo elastic deformation, thereby squeezing out an equal volume of waste fluid, and vice versa, thus achieving a strict physical balance between influent and effluent volumes. Ultimately, ultrafiltration dehydration of the patient is achieved through transmembrane pressure. Although pressure ultrafiltration detection and balance devices based on membranes are widely used clinically, this type of technology still reveals several technical shortcomings: In the dialysis chamber, the flexible membrane is the only physical barrier separating fresh dialysate from metabolic waste products. During dialysis, the membrane undergoes thousands or even tens of thousands of high-frequency reciprocating movements, operating under alternating stress for extended periods. This condition easily leads to fatigue damage, microcracks, or even complete rupture of the polymer membrane. Once the membrane ruptures, the pressure difference across the dialysis chamber causes uncontrollable mixing of fresh dialysate and waste products containing viruses, bacteria, and metabolic toxins. This not only results in abnormal dialysate concentrations, affecting treatment efficacy, but more seriously, it can cause biocontamination on the dialysate side, which can then spread back into the patient's bloodstream through the dialyzer, leading to serious iatrogenic cross-infection incidents.

[0004] Existing balancing chamber systems typically rely on detecting the position signal of the membrane against the chamber wall to trigger the switching logic. Specifically, this involves monitoring whether the membrane is fully in contact with the chamber wall to trigger a position sensor, which then sends a feedback signal to the central control unit to control the opening and closing sequence of multiple solenoid valves and the start and stop of various pumps (such as flow pumps and ultrafiltration pumps). This system places extremely high demands on the sensitivity and response speed of the sensors. Any slight signal drift, hysteresis, or misjudgment can lead to incorrect valve switching timing, thereby disrupting the capacity balance and causing ultrafiltration errors. Once scale forms on the sensor surface or electronic components age, level recognition can easily fail, leading to system shutdown or loss of balance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above issues, this invention provides a liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis. An adjustable power mechanism drives a reciprocating drive mechanism, causing the first and second pistons to slide synchronously. Both ends of the dialysate cylinder and waste liquid cylinder are equipped with one-way valves, forming a valve supply system and a valve discharge system. The positive and negative pressure of the piston movement automatically switches the one-way valve, enabling equal amounts of liquid to be simultaneously injected and extracted during both forward and reverse strokes. This eliminates the risks of membrane rupture and infection, as well as sensor malfunction, achieving continuous and stable dialysis.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis, including a dialyzer body, a dialysate cylinder laterally connected to one end of the dialyzer body, a waste liquid cylinder laterally connected to the other end of the dialyzer body, a reciprocating drive mechanism disposed between the dialysate cylinder and the waste liquid cylinder, and an adjustable power mechanism disposed below the reciprocating drive mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the dialysate cylinder and the waste liquid cylinder are coaxially arranged, the dialysate cylinder is provided with a valve supply system on the outside, and the waste liquid cylinder is provided with a valve discharge system on the outside.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjustable power mechanism drives the reciprocating drive mechanism to reciprocate synchronously within the dialysate cylinder and the waste liquid cylinder, so as to achieve equal amounts of dialysate inflow and waste liquid outflow.

[0009] Furthermore, the reciprocating drive mechanism includes a first piston that slides coaxially and sealed within the middle of the dialysate cylinder, a second piston that slides coaxially and sealed within the middle of the waste liquid cylinder, an elongated slide frame disposed between the dialysate cylinder and the waste liquid cylinder, a first connecting rod connecting one side of the slide frame to the first piston, and a second connecting rod connecting the other side of the slide frame to the second piston.

[0010] Furthermore, the two ends of the dialysate cylinder facing the dialyzer body are respectively connected to a first inlet tube and a second inlet tube, and the first inlet tube and the second inlet tube are connected together to a main inlet tube, which is connected to the inlet end of the dialyzer body; the two ends of the dialysate cylinder facing away from the dialyzer body are respectively connected to a first suction tube and a second suction tube, and the first suction tube and the second suction tube are connected together to a main supply tube for external dialysate to enter.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-sectional areas of the dialysate cylinder and the waste liquid cylinder are the same. The two ends of the waste liquid cylinder facing the dialyzer body are respectively connected to a first extraction pipe and a second extraction pipe. The first extraction pipe and the second extraction pipe are combined and connected to an extraction main pipe. The extraction main pipe is connected to the extraction end of the dialyzer body. The two ends of the waste liquid cylinder facing away from the dialyzer body are respectively connected to a first discharge pipe and a second discharge pipe. The first discharge pipe and the second discharge pipe are combined and connected to a discharge main pipe for discharging waste liquid.

[0012] Furthermore, the valve-based liquid supply system includes a first liquid supply check valve located at the connection between the first inlet pipe and the dialysate cylinder, a second liquid supply check valve located at the connection between the second inlet pipe and the dialysate cylinder, a third liquid supply check valve located at the connection between the first suction pipe and the dialysate cylinder, and a fourth liquid supply check valve located at the connection between the second suction pipe and the dialysate cylinder. The unidirectional flow direction of the first and second liquid supply check valves is from the dialysate cylinder to the main inlet pipe, and the unidirectional flow direction of the third and fourth liquid supply check valves is from the main supply pipe to the dialysate cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the valve drainage system includes a first drainage check valve located at the connection between the first extraction pipe and the waste liquid cylinder, a second drainage check valve located at the connection between the second extraction pipe and the waste liquid cylinder, a third drainage check valve located at the connection between the first discharge pipe and the waste liquid cylinder, and a fourth drainage check valve located at the connection between the second discharge pipe and the waste liquid cylinder. The unidirectional flow direction of the first drainage check valve and the second drainage check valve is from the extraction main pipe to the waste liquid cylinder, and the unidirectional flow direction of the third drainage check valve and the fourth drainage check valve is from the waste liquid cylinder to the drainage main pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the first connecting rod is sealed and slides through the end of the dialysate cylinder, and the second connecting rod is sealed and slides through the end of the waste liquid cylinder. A filling rod is coaxially fixed on the side of the first piston facing away from the first connecting rod and the side of the second piston facing away from the second connecting rod. The filling rod is sealed and slides through the ends of the dialysate cylinder and the waste liquid cylinder. The cross-sectional area of ​​the filling rod is the same as that of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustable power mechanism includes a fixed first servo motor, a turntable driven to rotate by the first servo motor, a rail on the turntable, a slider that engages and slides within the rail, a screw threadedly engaged with the slider, and a second servo motor fixed to the end of the rail for driving the screw to rotate.

[0016] Furthermore, the reciprocating drive mechanism also includes a sliding shaft fixed to the top of the slider, the sliding shaft being tightly fitted in the inner groove of the slide frame; the second servo motor drives the slider to move radially along the turntable within the guide rail via a screw, so as to adjust the eccentric distance of the sliding shaft relative to the center of the turntable.

[0017] Furthermore, the reciprocating drive mechanism also includes a first pressure sensor located at the connection between the first connecting rod and the slide frame, and a second pressure sensor located at the connection between the second connecting rod and the slide frame; when the system pipeline is blocked or leaked, resulting in an imbalance between pressure and flow rate, the different pressures in the dialysate cylinder and the waste liquid cylinder are transmitted to the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor through the first piston and the second piston, and an abnormal signal is generated to indicate that emergency handling is required.

[0018] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows: (1) The present invention drives the slide frame to reciprocate through an adjustable power mechanism. The movement of the first piston and the second piston directly generates positive and negative pressures alternately in the dialysate cylinder and the waste cylinder. By utilizing the pressure change of the fluid itself, the one-way valves in the valve supply system and the valve discharge system are directly driven to achieve passive and precise opening and closing. This design does not require any electronic sensors to determine the end of the stroke or control the valve switching, completely eliminating the valve switching timing errors caused by electronic component hysteresis and misjudgment, and achieving extremely high precision physical-level capacity balance.

[0019] (2) In view of the problem that the existing balance chamber is prone to microcracks or even rupture under alternating stress, the present invention adopts a dialysis fluid cylinder and a waste fluid cylinder in conjunction with a first piston and a second piston for physical isolation. The first piston and the second piston are driven by a reciprocating drive mechanism to make synchronous reciprocating linear sliding in their respective cylinders. The pure mechanical rigid piston structure replaces the traditional elastic deformation membrane, which greatly improves the safety level of the dialysis equipment and avoids serious cross-infection accidents.

[0020] (3) In this invention, when the reciprocating drive mechanism drives the first piston and the second piston to move forward and backward, the symmetrical design ensures that each movement of the piston (whether forward or backward) involves equal amounts of pressing and pulling actions, eliminating the no-load return or pulse pause phenomenon present in traditional single-acting pumps. This mechanism ensures continuous and stable exchange of the dialyzer body, which not only improves the dialysis efficiency per unit time, but also greatly reduces the fluid pressure fluctuation in the pipeline, making the entire dialysis process more stable and safe. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis proposed in this invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of a liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of a liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view of AA.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating drive mechanism and adjustable power mechanism of a liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis proposed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section B.

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section C.

[0028] The components include: 1. Dialyzer body; 11. Inlet manifold; 12. Outlet manifold; 2. Dialysate cylinder; 21. First inlet manifold; 22. Second inlet manifold; 23. First suction manifold; 24. Second suction manifold; 25. Supply manifold; 3. Waste liquid cylinder; 31. First outlet manifold; 32. Second outlet manifold; 33. First discharge manifold; 34. Second discharge manifold; 35. Drainage manifold; 4. Valve supply system; 41. First supply check valve; 42. Second supply check valve; 43. Third supply check valve; 44. Fourth supply check valve; 5. Valves. Drainage system, 51. First drain check valve, 52. Second drain check valve, 53. Third drain check valve, 54. Fourth drain check valve, 6. Reciprocating drive mechanism, 61. Sliding shaft, 62. Sliding frame, 63. First connecting rod, 64. Second connecting rod, 65. First pressure sensor, 66. Second pressure sensor, 67. First piston, 68. Second piston, 69. Filling rod, 7. Adjustable power mechanism, 71. First servo motor, 72. Turntable, 73. Rail, 74. Slider, 75. Screw, 76. Second servo motor.

[0029] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, this invention proposes a liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis. Its core architecture revolves around the dialyzer body 1. One end of the dialyzer body 1 is laterally fluid-connected to a dialysate cylinder 2, and the other end is laterally fluid-connected to a waste liquid cylinder 3. To ensure the stability of power transmission and the symmetry of pressure, the dialysate cylinder 2 and the waste liquid cylinder 3 are coaxially arranged. A reciprocating drive mechanism 6 is arranged between the two cylinders, and an adjustable power mechanism 7 is arranged below the reciprocating drive mechanism 6. To achieve continuous supply of dialysate and continuous discharge of waste liquid, a valve supply system 4 is configured on the outside of the dialysate cylinder 2, and a valve discharge system 5 is configured on the outside of the waste liquid cylinder 3.

[0033] Specifically, at both ends of the dialysate cylinder 2 facing the dialyzer body 1, a first injection tube 21 and a second injection tube 22 are connected respectively. After these two tubes merge, they form an injection manifold 11, which is ultimately connected to the injection end of the dialyzer body 1 and is responsible for pumping in fresh dialysate. At both ends of the dialysate cylinder 2 facing away from the dialyzer body 1, a first suction tube 23 and a second suction tube 24 are connected respectively. After these two tubes merge, they form a supply manifold 25, which is used to receive the continuous input of external dialysate.

[0034] Similarly, the waste liquid cylinder 3 adopts a completely symmetrical pipeline design to ensure the consistency of fluid resistance. The two ends of the waste liquid cylinder 3 facing the dialyzer body 1 are respectively connected to the first extraction pipe 31 and the second extraction pipe 32, which are combined to form the extraction main pipe 12, which is connected to the extraction end of the dialyzer body 1 to generate negative pressure to suck up the waste liquid. The two ends of the waste liquid cylinder 3 facing away from the dialyzer body 1 are respectively connected to the first discharge pipe 33 and the second discharge pipe 34, which are combined to form the discharge main pipe 35, which finally safely discharges the metabolic waste liquid from the system.

[0035] In order to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into continuous fluid flow, this embodiment preferably uses a fast-responding and fatigue-resistant flap-type check valve to construct the valve supply system 4 and the valve discharge system 5.

[0036] In the valve-operated liquid supply system 4: the first liquid supply check valve 41 is located at the connection between the first pressure pipe 21 and the dialysate cylinder 2, and the second liquid supply check valve 42 is located at the connection between the second pressure pipe 22 and the dialysate cylinder 2. The unidirectional flow direction of both is strictly limited to from the dialysate cylinder 2 to the main pressure pipe 11, that is, only dialysate is allowed to be pressured out; the third liquid supply check valve 43 is located at the connection between the first suction pipe 23 and the dialysate cylinder 2, and the fourth liquid supply check valve 44 is located at the connection between the second suction pipe 24 and the dialysate cylinder 2. The unidirectional flow direction of both is limited to from the main liquid supply pipe 25 to the dialysate cylinder 2, that is, only dialysate is allowed to be sucked in.

[0037] In the valve drainage system 5: the first drainage check valve 51 is located at the connection between the first extraction pipe 31 and the waste liquid cylinder 3, the second drainage check valve 52 is located at the connection between the second extraction pipe 32 and the waste liquid cylinder 3, and the unidirectional flow direction of the two is limited to from the extraction main pipe 12 to the waste liquid cylinder 3, for drawing waste liquid; the third drainage check valve 53 is located at the connection between the first discharge pipe 33 and the waste liquid cylinder 3, and the fourth drainage check valve 54 is located at the connection between the second discharge pipe 34 and the waste liquid cylinder 3, and the unidirectional flow direction of the two is limited to from the waste liquid cylinder 3 to the drainage main pipe 35, for discharging waste liquid.

[0038] The core of this device for achieving equal injection and extraction lies in the design of the reciprocating drive mechanism 6. The cross-sectional areas of the internal spaces of the dialysate cylinder 2 and the waste liquid cylinder 3 are exactly the same, and in the initial state, they are filled with dialysate and waste liquid respectively. The reciprocating drive mechanism 6 includes a long strip-shaped sliding frame 62 located between the two cylinders. A first connecting rod 63 is connected to one side of the sliding frame 62. The first connecting rod 63 slides through the end of the dialysate cylinder 2 in a sealed manner and is connected to a first piston 67 that slides coaxially in the middle of the dialysate cylinder 2 in a sealed manner. A second connecting rod 64 is connected to the other side of the sliding frame 62. The second connecting rod 64 also slides through the end of the waste liquid cylinder 3 in a sealed manner and is connected to a second piston 68 that slides coaxially in the middle of the waste liquid cylinder 3 in a sealed manner.

[0039] Since the first connecting rod 63 and the second connecting rod 64 occupy part of the space on one side of the piston, in order to ensure that the liquid displaced in the space on both sides of the first piston 67 and the second piston 68 is absolutely equal during reciprocating motion, a filling rod 69 is coaxially fixed on the side of the first piston 67 facing away from the first connecting rod 63 and the side of the second piston 68 facing away from the second connecting rod 64. The filling rod 69 slides through the other end of the dialysate cylinder 2 and the waste liquid cylinder 3 in a sealed manner, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the filling rod 69 is exactly the same as the cross-sectional area of ​​the first connecting rod 63 and the second connecting rod 64. In addition, a first pressure sensor 65 is provided at the connection between the first connecting rod 63 and the slide frame 62, and a second pressure sensor 66 is provided at the connection between the second connecting rod 64 and the slide frame 62 for safety monitoring and response.

[0040] The adjustable power mechanism 7 is responsible for providing power to the system and precisely controlling the ultrafiltration rate. The mechanism includes a fixed first servo motor 71, whose output drives the turntable 72 to rotate. The turntable 72 is provided with a retaining rail 73. The slider 74 is engaged and slidably disposed in the retaining rail 73. The top of the slider 74 is fixed with a sliding shaft 61, which is closely attached to and slidably fitted in the inner groove of the slide frame 62.

[0041] To achieve stroke adjustment, a second servo motor 76 is fixed to the end of the guide rail 73. The second servo motor 76 is connected to a screw 75 that is threadedly engaged with the slider 74. Through the self-locking characteristic and high-precision displacement characteristic of the threaded transmission, the second servo motor 76 drives the screw 75 to rotate, which in turn drives the slider 74 to move radially along the turntable 72 within the guide rail 73. This allows for precise adjustment of the eccentricity distance between the slide shaft 61 and the center of the turntable 72. The magnitude of the eccentricity distance directly determines the length of the reciprocating stroke of the slide frame 62, thereby achieving precise control of the single injection and liquid extraction volume.

[0042] The specific work process is as follows: Initial settings: First, based on the patient's ultrafiltration needs, the control system starts the second servo motor 76 and adjusts the eccentric position of the slider 74 on the turntable 72 through the screw 75, thereby setting the volume of dialysate injected and waste fluid extracted in a single operation.

[0043] Forward stroke: The first servo motor 71 is started to drive the turntable 72 to rotate, and the sliding shaft 61 moves the sliding frame 62 to reciprocate. When the sliding frame 62 pushes the first piston 67 and the second piston 68 to move simultaneously toward the first liquid supply check valve 41 and the first liquid discharge check valve 51, respectively, the liquid in front of the first piston 67 in the dialysate cylinder 2 is pressurized. The first liquid supply check valve 41 opens under positive pressure, and the third liquid supply check valve 43 closes under positive pressure. The dialysate can only enter the main pressure pipe 11 from the first pressure pipe 21 and is finally pumped into the pressure end of the dialyzer body 1. At the same time, a negative pressure is formed behind the first piston 67, and the second liquid supply check valve 42 closes under negative pressure. When the liquid check valve 44 is opened under negative pressure, the external dialysate is drawn into the rear chamber of the dialysate cylinder 2 via the main supply pipe 25 and the second suction pipe 24. In the waste liquid cylinder 3, the waste liquid in front of the second piston 68 is pressurized, the first discharge check valve 51 is closed under positive pressure, and the third discharge check valve 53 is opened under positive pressure. The waste liquid enters the discharge main pipe 35 through the first discharge pipe 33 and is finally discharged from the system. At the same time, a negative pressure is formed behind the second piston 68, the second discharge check valve 52 is opened under negative pressure, and the fourth discharge check valve 54 is closed under negative pressure. The waste liquid at the extraction end of the dialyzer body 1 is drawn into the rear chamber of the waste liquid cylinder 3 in equal amounts via the extraction main pipe 12 and the second extraction pipe 32.

[0044] Reverse stroke: When the turntable 72 continues to rotate, driving the slide frame 62 to make the first piston 67 and the second piston 68 move in opposite directions, the second liquid supply check valve 42 opens under positive pressure, and the fourth liquid supply check valve 44 closes. The dialysate enters the main pressure pipe 11 through the second pressure pipe 22 and is pumped into the dialyzer body 1. At the same time, the first liquid supply check valve 41 closes and the third liquid supply check valve 43 opens, and the external dialysate is drawn into the chamber through the first suction pipe 23. At the waste liquid cylinder 3, the second discharge check valve 52 closes and the fourth discharge check valve 54 opens, and the waste liquid enters the main discharge pipe 35 through the second discharge pipe 34 and is discharged. At the same time, the third discharge check valve 53 closes and the first discharge check valve 51 opens, and the waste liquid in the dialyzer body 1 is drawn into the chamber through the first extraction pipe 31. Through the seamless alternation of the above positive and negative strokes, the device realizes the continuous and equal injection and extraction of dialysate and waste liquid.

[0045] Safety monitoring and response: During continuous operation, if the system pipeline becomes blocked or leaks, it will directly lead to an imbalance between the inflow and outflow. According to the principle of fluid pressure, the pressure in the dialysate cylinder 2 and the waste liquid cylinder 3 will produce abnormal pressure differences. This sudden change in resistance or pressure will be rigidly transmitted to the first connecting rod 63 and the second connecting rod 64 on both sides of the slide frame 62 through the first piston 67 and the second piston 68. At this time, the first pressure sensor 65 and the second pressure sensor 66 will capture the abnormal electrical signal of the unbalanced force on both sides and feed it back to the central control unit to trigger emergency response procedures such as shutdown alarm, thereby maximizing the protection of the patient's life safety.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0047] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0048] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis, comprising a dialyzer body (1), characterized in that: It also includes a dialysate cylinder (2) that is laterally connected to one end of the dialyzer body (1), a waste liquid cylinder (3) that is laterally connected to the other end of the dialyzer body (1), a reciprocating drive mechanism (6) located between the dialysate cylinder (2) and the waste liquid cylinder (3), and an adjustable power mechanism (7) located below the reciprocating drive mechanism (6). The dialysate cylinder (2) and the waste liquid cylinder (3) are coaxially arranged. A valve supply system (4) is provided on the outside of the dialysate cylinder (2), and a valve drainage system (5) is provided on the outside of the waste liquid cylinder (3). The adjustable power mechanism (7) drives the reciprocating drive mechanism (6) to reciprocate synchronously in the dialysate cylinder (2) and the waste liquid cylinder (3) to achieve equal amounts of dialysate inflow and waste liquid outflow. The reciprocating drive mechanism (6) includes a first piston (67) that slides coaxially and sealed within the middle of the dialysate cylinder (2), a second piston (68) that slides coaxially and sealed within the middle of the waste liquid cylinder (3), a long strip-shaped sliding frame (62) located between the dialysate cylinder (2) and the waste liquid cylinder (3), a first connecting rod (63) connecting one side of the sliding frame (62) to the first piston (67), and a second connecting rod (64) connecting the other side of the sliding frame (62) to the second piston (68).

2. The liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dialysate cylinder (2) has a first injection tube (21) and a second injection tube (22) connected to its two ends facing the dialyzer body (1), and the first injection tube (21) and the second injection tube (22) are connected to a main injection tube (11) after being merged. The main injection tube (11) is connected to the injection end of the dialyzer body (1). The dialysate cylinder (2) has a first suction tube (23) and a second suction tube (24) connected to its two ends facing away from the dialyzer body (1), and the first suction tube (23) and the second suction tube (24) are connected to a main supply tube (25) for external dialysate to enter.

3. The liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dialysate cylinder (2) and the waste liquid cylinder (3) have the same cross-sectional area. The two ends of the waste liquid cylinder (3) facing the dialyzer body (1) are respectively connected to a first extraction pipe (31) and a second extraction pipe (32). The first extraction pipe (31) and the second extraction pipe (32) are connected to a main extraction pipe (12) after being merged. The main extraction pipe (12) is connected to the extraction end of the dialyzer body (1). The two ends of the waste liquid cylinder (3) facing away from the dialyzer body (1) are respectively connected to a first discharge pipe (33) and a second discharge pipe (34). The first discharge pipe (33) and the second discharge pipe (34) are connected to a main discharge pipe (35) for discharging waste liquid after being merged.

4. The liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The valve supply system (4) includes a first supply check valve (41) located at the connection between the first inlet pipe (21) and the dialysate cylinder (2), a second supply check valve (42) located at the connection between the second inlet pipe (22) and the dialysate cylinder (2), a third supply check valve (43) located at the connection between the first suction pipe (23) and the dialysate cylinder (2), and a fourth supply check valve (44) located at the connection between the second suction pipe (24) and the dialysate cylinder (2). The unidirectional flow direction of the first supply check valve (41) and the second supply check valve (42) is from the dialysate cylinder (2) to the main inlet pipe (11), and the unidirectional flow direction of the third supply check valve (43) and the fourth supply check valve (44) is from the main supply pipe (25) to the dialysate cylinder (2).

5. The liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The valve drainage system (5) includes a first drainage check valve (51) located at the connection between the first extraction pipe (31) and the waste liquid cylinder (3), a second drainage check valve (52) located at the connection between the second extraction pipe (32) and the waste liquid cylinder (3), a third drainage check valve (53) located at the connection between the first discharge pipe (33) and the waste liquid cylinder (3), and a fourth drainage check valve (54) located at the connection between the second discharge pipe (34) and the waste liquid cylinder (3). The unidirectional flow direction of the first drainage check valve (51) and the second drainage check valve (52) is from the extraction main pipe (12) to the waste liquid cylinder (3), and the unidirectional flow direction of the third drainage check valve (53) and the fourth drainage check valve (54) is from the waste liquid cylinder (3) to the drainage main pipe (35).

6. The liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first connecting rod (63) slides through the end of the dialysate cylinder (2) in a sealed manner, and the second connecting rod (64) slides through the end of the waste liquid cylinder (3) in a sealed manner. The first piston (67) on the side facing away from the first connecting rod (63) and the second piston (68) on the side facing away from the second connecting rod (64) are both coaxially fixed with a filling rod (69). The filling rod (69) slides through the ends of the dialysate cylinder (2) and the waste liquid cylinder (3) in a sealed manner. The cross-sectional area of ​​the filling rod (69) is the same as that of the first connecting rod (63) and the second connecting rod (64).

7. The liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustable power mechanism (7) includes a fixed first servo motor (71), a turntable (72) driven to rotate by the first servo motor (71), a rail (73) on the turntable (72), a slider (74) that engages and slides within the rail (73), a screw (75) that is threadedly engaged with the slider (74), and a second servo motor (76) fixed to the end of the rail (73) for driving the screw (75) to rotate.

8. The liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reciprocating drive mechanism (6) also includes a sliding shaft (61) fixed to the top of the slider (74), the sliding shaft (61) being tightly fitted in the inner groove of the slide frame (62); the second servo motor (76) drives the slider (74) to move radially along the turntable (72) in the rail (73) through the screw (75) to adjust the eccentric distance of the sliding shaft (61) relative to the center of the turntable (72).

9. A liquid level detection and balancing device for hemodialysis according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reciprocating drive mechanism (6) also includes a first pressure sensor (65) located at the connection between the first connecting rod (63) and the slide frame (62), and a second pressure sensor (66) located at the connection between the second connecting rod (64) and the slide frame (62). When the system pipeline is blocked or leaked, resulting in an imbalance between pressure and flow rate, the different pressures in the dialysate cylinder (2) and the waste liquid cylinder (3) are transmitted to the first pressure sensor (65) and the second pressure sensor (66) through the first piston (67) and the second piston (68), and an abnormal signal is generated to indicate that emergency handling is required.

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