A bottom formwork dismantling device for construction of a lower beam of a super-high cable tower without support

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, and particularly relates to a bottom formwork dismantling device for construction of an ultra-high aerial cable tower lower cross beam by a non-support method. The device comprises a main body, a movable hoisting frame assembly and a hoist lifting assembly. The movable hoisting frame assembly comprises a support and a hoisting frame. The support is arranged horizontally, and the hoisting frame is longitudinally slidable on the support. The hoist lifting assembly comprises a laying member and a hoist. The laying member is longitudinally arranged on the lower cross beam of the main body, and the hoist is symmetrical and horizontally slidable on both sides of the laying member. The hoisting frame moves along the main body to form a segmented dismantling platform. Through the cooperative operation of the movable hoisting frame assembly and the hoist lifting assembly, the integrated operation of segmented dismantling and vertical lowering of the bottom formwork is realized, and the safety of high-altitude operation and the construction efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge engineering technology, specifically relating to a device for removing the bottom formwork of a crossbeam without support during construction of an ultra-high-altitude cable tower. Background Technology

[0002] As bridge construction develops towards longer spans and higher towers, many long-span cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges spanning the sea, rivers, and lakes are equipped with lower crossbeams. However, because many of these bridges need to meet navigation clearance requirements, the lower crossbeams are often located at a relatively high position above the water surface, which increases the difficulty of removing the bottom formwork of the lower crossbeams of ultra-high towers.

[0003] Therefore, a scaffold-free method has been proposed. Compared with the traditional scaffold method for constructing the lower beam, the scaffold-free method has the advantages of being faster, saving materials, shortening the construction period, and being economical and environmentally friendly. However, due to the special construction position of the bottom formwork of the lower beam, when dismantling the bottom formwork, because its height exceeds the lifting height of truck cranes and crawler cranes, it is difficult to use ordinary mechanical equipment for dismantling. Furthermore, because there is no scaffold below and no operating platform can be used, construction personnel cannot directly reach the bottom formwork working surface to carry out formwork dismantling operations.

[0004] Traditional demolition methods often rely on erecting scaffolding or suspending work platforms, typically employing ground-based scaffolding or high-altitude support methods. However, ground-based scaffolding methods suffer from long construction periods, high material costs, and limitations imposed by hydrogeological conditions, making them particularly difficult to implement in deep water areas. High-altitude support methods require installing support structures on pre-embedded parts of the tower body, which are complex to install and dismantle and can easily damage the main structure. Furthermore, both methods present high risks associated with high-altitude operations, especially in ultra-high-altitude cable tower structures, where wind vibration and loads can significantly impact scaffold stability and safety control, failing to meet the green, efficient, and safe construction requirements of modern bridge engineering. Therefore, this invention proposes a scaffold-free method for dismantling the bottom formwork of the cable tower's lower crossbeam. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this invention provides a supportless method for dismantling the bottom formwork of the lower crossbeam of an ultra-high-altitude cable tower. It establishes a safe and efficient dismantling platform for the bottom formwork using a mobile lifting frame assembly and a winch lifting assembly, ensuring smooth and stable movement of the dismantling platform. The winch is then used to safely lower and dismantle the formwork, solving the problem of safely and efficiently dismantling and transporting the bottom formwork of the lower crossbeam in ultra-high-altitude, unsupported conditions.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A device for dismantling the bottom formwork of the lower crossbeam of an ultra-high-altitude cable tower without support frame includes a main body, a movable lifting frame assembly, and a hoisting assembly. The movable lifting frame assembly includes a support member and a lifting frame. The support member is arranged laterally, and the lifting frame slides longitudinally on the support member. The hoisting assembly includes a laying member and a winch. The laying member is arranged longitudinally on the lower crossbeam of the main body, and the winch is symmetrical and can slide laterally on both sides of the laying member. The lifting frame moves along the main body to form a segmented dismantling platform.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the support member includes a plurality of columns, load-bearing beams and sliding beams. The plurality of columns are arranged in a horizontal array into two groups. Two load-bearing beams are respectively fixed at the top of each group of columns, and two sliding beams are respectively slidably connected to the top of the two load-bearing beams in the longitudinal direction.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the two longitudinal ends of the hanging frame are located above the sliding beam, the hanging frame and the crossbeam form a U-shaped structure, and the main body is located inside the U-shaped structure.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the laying component includes longitudinal beams and an upper crossbeam, wherein the longitudinal beams are symmetrically arranged longitudinally on the upper surface of the lower crossbeam, and the two ends of the upper crossbeam are laterally located on both sides of the two longitudinal beams.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal length of the longitudinal beam is longer than the transverse width of the lower crossbeam and shorter than the longitudinal length of the hanging frame, the area of ​​the longitudinal beam protruding from the lower crossbeam is a suspended part, and the upper crossbeam is provided on the suspended part.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, it also includes limiters, which are symmetrically disposed at the bottom of the sliding beam, and the load-bearing beam is located between the two limiters.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a PTFE sliding plate, which is located between the load-bearing beam and the sliding beam.

[0014] As a further aspect of the invention, it also includes a traction rope disposed on one of the sliding beams.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention, the limiter includes a pressure sensor, which is communicatively connected to a command terminal.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The lower crossbeam bottom formwork removal device is composed of columns, longitudinal beams, upper crossbeams, mobile lifting frame components, and winches. The lower crossbeam of the pylon serves as the bottom support point for the removal device. Columns are set on top of the lower crossbeam as structural support points. A load-bearing beam is erected transversely above the columns as the sliding track for the mobile lifting frame components. A longitudinal beam is erected on the top surface of the lower crossbeam in the direction of the bridge as the support point for the winch. Two upper crossbeams are placed transversely above the longitudinal beams as the working platform for the winch.

[0018] 2. The entire bottom formwork is divided into several small module formworks in the transverse direction of the bridge by using a mobile lifting frame assembly. Then, a winch is used to hoist and lower the small module formworks one by one, thereby realizing the dismantling of the bottom formwork of the crossbeam without support at ultra-high altitude. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is the overall elevation layout of the invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall layout of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is an elevation layout diagram of the demolition device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a side view of the dismantling device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding beam of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiter of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower elevation of the small module template of the present invention;

[0027] Legend: A. Lower crossbeam; 1. Column; 2. Load-bearing beam; 3. Sliding beam; 31. Traction rope; 4. Hanging frame; 5. Longitudinal beam; 6. Upper crossbeam; 7. Winch; 8. PTFE sliding plate; 9. Limiter; 10. Bottom template; 11. Small module template. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided.

[0029] Example 1: Due to the special construction position of the bottom formwork 10 on the lower crossbeam A, when dismantling the bottom formwork 10, because its height exceeds the lifting height of truck cranes and crawler cranes, it is difficult to dismantle it using ordinary mechanical equipment. Furthermore, because there is no support or operating platform below it, construction personnel cannot directly reach the working surface of the bottom formwork 10 to carry out the dismantling operation.

[0030] In this regard, refer to Figures 1-7 As shown, this invention provides a supportless method for dismantling the bottom formwork of a crossbeam under an ultra-high-altitude cable tower. A safe and efficient dismantling platform for the bottom formwork 10 is constructed using a movable lifting frame assembly and a winch lifting assembly, ensuring smooth and stable movement of the dismantling platform. The winch 7 is used to safely lower and dismantle the bottom formwork 10. The supportless method for dismantling the bottom formwork of a crossbeam under an ultra-high-altitude cable tower includes a main body, a movable lifting frame assembly, and a winch lifting assembly. The movable lifting frame assembly includes a support member and a lifting frame 4. The support member is arranged laterally, and the lifting frame 4 slides longitudinally along the support member. The winch lifting assembly includes a laying member and a winch 7. The laying member is arranged longitudinally on the lower crossbeam A of the main body, and the winch 7 is symmetrical and can slide laterally on both sides of the laying member. The lifting frame 4 moves along the main body, forming a segmented dismantling platform.

[0031] Specifically, the main body is an integral structure consisting of an ultra-high-altitude cable tower, a lower crossbeam A, and a bottom formwork 10 located at the bottom of the lower crossbeam A. It forms a high-altitude load-bearing support system by being fixed together with the ultra-high-altitude cable tower and the lower crossbeam A. The support components and laying components are all located above the lower crossbeam A, providing a structural support foundation for the demolition device. The movable lifting frame assembly is located above the support components to serve as structural support and form a movable demolition platform. The winches 7 are symmetrically located at both ends of the laying components to operate synchronously and complete the lowering operation of the bottom formwork 10, ensuring balanced force distribution.

[0032] Since the existing lower crossbeam A is used as the support system, and the lower crossbeam A is located in the middle of the ultra-high-altitude cable tower, the support components also need to consider the wind vibration of the water platform and the installation and fixing difficulties in the working environment. Therefore, the support components include several columns 1, load-bearing beams 2, and sliding beams 3. The columns 1 are arranged in a horizontal array consistent with the lower crossbeam A, and are divided into two groups distributed across the entire upper surface of the lower crossbeam A to ensure balanced load-bearing forces. Two load-bearing beams 2 are fixed to the top of each group of columns 1, forming a symmetrical base frame. Two sliding beams 3 are longitudinally slidable to the top of the two load-bearing beams 2, forming four intersection points between the sliding beams 3 and the load-bearing beams 2. Each intersection point has an upper and lower cross-shaped structure. The sliding beams 3 can slide freely longitudinally on the load-bearing beams 2, thereby adjusting the working position of the lifting frame 4. Compared to a rectangular frame, the overall structure of the lifting frame 4 only has the upper horizontal bars removed. The two ends of the frame 4 are located above the sliding beam 3, meaning that the two ends of the frame 4 are simultaneously fixed above the two sides of the sliding beam 3. The frame 4 moves synchronously with the sliding beam 3 to ensure the stability of the work platform. The frame 4 and the crossbeam form a long rectangular U-shaped structure (i.e., a rectangular frame structure). The lower crossbeam A and the bottom template 10 located at the bottom of the lower crossbeam A are located inside the U-shaped structure. The bottom plane of the frame 4 is laid with a protective frame, thus forming a dismantling work platform for workers to use tools to dismantle the bottom template 10 in sections from below. It should also be noted that because the tower column of the ultra-high-altitude cable tower is inverted "Y" shaped, it is not possible to dismantle the entire bottom template 10 at once. It is necessary to adopt a segmented dismantling method to break down the bottom template 10 into multiple small module templates 11, dismantle them one by one, and lower them. Therefore, the movable setting of the movable frame assembly is to meet the segmented dismantling method.

[0033] Based on the above-mentioned segmented dismantling method, it is also necessary to consider lowering the small module template 11 separately to avoid increasing the burden on the support system due to the weight of the small module template 11. For this purpose, the laying components include longitudinal beams 5 and upper crossbeams 6. The longitudinal beams 5 are symmetrically arranged longitudinally on the upper surface of the lower crossbeam A. The longitudinal length of the longitudinal beams 5 is longer than the transverse width of the lower crossbeam A and shorter than the longitudinal length of the hanging frame 4. Therefore, the area of ​​the longitudinal beams 5 protruding from the lower crossbeam A is defined as the suspended part. Thus, the two ends of the upper crossbeam 6 are transversely located on both sides of the two longitudinal beams 5 (i.e., the upper crossbeam 6 is set on the suspended part). The upper crossbeam 6 and the two longitudinal beams 5 also form four cross-shaped intersections. These intersections are located in the suspended part of the longitudinal beams 5. Two winches 7 are respectively set above the two upper crossbeams 6. The balance is achieved by the symmetrical arrangement of the two upper crossbeams 6 and the two winches 7. The two winches 7 suspend the two ends of the small module template 11 through the hanging chain, and then the small module template 11 is smoothly lowered to the designated position by the winches 7, avoiding impact load on the support system. The winch 7 is operated synchronously by a designated person to ensure consistent lowering speed at both ends and prevent the small modular formwork 11 from tilting and getting stuck. After each small modular formwork 11 is dismantled and lowered, the sliding beam 3 drives the lifting frame 4 to slide longitudinally along the load-bearing beam 2 to the next working section, reposition and lock it, and continue the subsequent dismantling work. The entire process is repeated until all the bottom formwork 10 is dismantled, effectively ensuring the safety and efficiency of high-altitude operations. After all the small modular formwork 11 has been dismantled, the sliding beam 3 returns to its starting position.

[0034] In addition, the above-mentioned columns 1, load-bearing beams 2, sliding beams 3, longitudinal beams 5 and lower crossbeams A can all be made using on-site steel profiles, steel materials, and winches 7, which fully realizes the reuse of materials and equipment, has a simple structural form, a clear force transmission system, reduces the structural requirements of the dismantling device, ensures structural safety, and the dismantling process does not occupy the tower crane or affect the construction of the cable tower, thus ensuring the schedule of the critical path.

[0035] Example 2: Based on Example 1, with reference to Figures 5-7 As shown, the following embodiment 2 is further explained: Due to the frequent vertical sliding of the sliding beam 3 with the load-bearing beam 2, there may be a longitudinal angle deviation problem, which causes the verticality of the lifting frame 4 and the lower crossbeam A to deviate, affecting the dismantling platform. To address this, limiters 9 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the sliding beam 3, so that the load-bearing beam 2 is located between the two limiters 9. The limiters 9 constrain the lateral displacement of the sliding beam 3, ensuring that the sliding beam 3 slides accurately along the axis of the load-bearing beam 2, avoiding structural shaking or jamming caused by eccentric force. The limiters 9 also contain pressure sensors, which are connected to the command terminal to monitor the contact pressure changes between the sliding beam 3 and the load-bearing beam 2 in real time. Once an imbalance of pressure on both sides is detected, an audible and visual alarm is immediately triggered, and the synchronization parameters of the winch 7 are adjusted or the operation is suspended through terminal commands to ensure that the lifting frame 4 is always in a stable posture.

[0036] Furthermore, since the weight of the lifting frame 4 and the workers is supported by the sliding beam 3, and the sliding beam 3 and the load-bearing beam 2 move frequently, the impact of friction coefficient on the accuracy of movement over long-term displacement and on the support pressure also needs to be considered. Therefore, a high-wear-resistant composite sliding plate is installed on the contact surface between the sliding beam 3 and the load-bearing beam 2. This plate has a stable friction coefficient and self-lubricating properties, effectively reducing running resistance and preventing positioning deviations caused by wear. Specifically, this is a PTFE sliding plate 8 made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The PTFE sliding plate 8 is sheet-shaped and positioned between the load-bearing beam 2 and the sliding beam 3, fixed with countersunk bolts to ensure a flat surface without protrusions, avoiding scratches or jamming during operation. The PTFE sliding plate 8 has a uniform thickness and a friction coefficient of less than 0.15, maintaining stable performance even under long-term operation, effectively reducing traction and sliding resistance, and improving smoothness and positioning accuracy.

[0037] To reduce the cost of repurchasing and achieve better economic benefits, and to fully realize the reuse of materials and equipment, a traction rope 31 is also included. One end of the traction rope 31 is set on one of the sliding beams 3, and the other end can be connected to external traction equipment. The lateral movement of the lifting frame 4 can be realized by using small tools on site through the traction rope 31, which saves time and effort, and can complete the precise positioning of the lifting frame 4 without relying on large machinery, reducing the use of unnecessary equipment and improving timeliness.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for dismantling the bottom formwork of a crossbeam under an ultra-high-altitude cable tower without scaffolding, characterized in that: It includes a main body, a movable lifting frame assembly, and a hoisting assembly. The movable lifting frame assembly includes a support member and a lifting frame (4). The support member is arranged laterally, and the lifting frame (4) slides longitudinally on the support member. The hoisting assembly includes a laying member and a winch (7). The laying member is arranged longitudinally on the lower crossbeam (A) of the main body. The winch (7) is symmetrical and can slide laterally on both sides of the laying member. The lifting frame (4) moves along the main body to form a segmented demolition platform. The support includes several columns (1), load-bearing beams (2) and sliding beams (3). The columns (1) are arranged in a horizontal array and divided into two groups. The two load-bearing beams (2) are fixed at the top of each group of columns (1). The two sliding beams (3) are slidably connected to the top of the two load-bearing beams (2) in the longitudinal direction. The hanging frame (4) is located at both ends above the sliding beam (3) in the longitudinal direction. The hanging frame (4) and the sliding beam (3) form a square structure. The main body is located inside the square structure. The laying component includes a longitudinal beam (5) and an upper crossbeam (6). The longitudinal beam (5) is symmetrically and longitudinally arranged on the upper surface of the lower crossbeam (A). The two ends of the upper crossbeam (6) are laterally located on both sides of the two longitudinal beams (5). It also includes limiters (9), which are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the sliding beam (3), and the load-bearing beam (2) is located between the two limiters (9); It also includes a PTFE sliding plate (8), which is located between the load-bearing beam (2) and the sliding beam (3); It also includes a traction rope (31) which is disposed on one of the slide beams (3).

2. The device for dismantling the bottom formwork of the crossbeam without support in the construction of ultra-high-altitude cable towers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal length of the longitudinal beam (5) is longer than the transverse width of the lower crossbeam (A) and shorter than the longitudinal length of the hanging frame (4). The longitudinal beam (5) protrudes from the area of ​​the lower crossbeam (A) as a suspended part, and the upper crossbeam (6) is installed on the suspended part.

3. The device for dismantling the bottom formwork of the crossbeam without support in the construction of ultra-high-altitude cable towers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiter (9) includes a pressure sensor, which is communicatively connected to the command terminal.

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