Liquid air energy storage fracture method capable of accurately delaying

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock fracture, and discloses a liquid air energy storage fracture method capable of accurately delaying, which comprises the following steps: mounting a special detonator in a drill hole and connecting the special detonator to a ground controller; the in-situ thermal conductivity coefficient of the drilling environment is detected through the special detonator, and the storage pressure and temperature of to-be-filled liquid air are obtained; operating the feed-forward calibration model, taking the detection parameters as cooperative input, and calculating and generating an operation parameter set containing calibrated delay time and a heating curve; the operation parameter set is issued to a special detonator, and liquid air filling and drilling hole sealing are completed; after an external detonation instruction is received, the special detonator autonomously and cooperatively executes preprocessing and delayed timing according to the parameter set, and detonation is triggered after timing is finished. Through active detection of working conditions, multi-dimensional cooperative calibration and autonomous execution are carried out, the difference between the geological environment and the initial state of a medium is effectively compensated, and it is ensured that liquid air reaches the optimal state at the triggering moment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock fracturing technology, specifically to a liquid air energy storage fracturing method with precise time delay. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid air fracturing technology, as a non-explosive rock fracturing method, utilizes the rapid expansion of liquid air within the borehole, which absorbs heat and undergoes a violent phase change, generating high pressure to fracture the rock mass. In existing implementations, the phase change is typically triggered by a preset delay or heating device after the liquid air is filled into the borehole.

[0003] However, the phase change process of liquid air is a physical process that is highly dependent on the thermodynamic state. Whether it can ultimately reach the peak pressure required for fracturing at the predetermined time is constrained by a variety of complex and dynamically changing operating conditions.

[0004] Existing control methods typically ignore the variability in the geological conditions of the borehole surrounding rock. Different rock masses exhibit varying thermophysical properties, leading to uncertainty in the heat loss of liquid air to the surrounding rock during the waiting period. Furthermore, the initial storage pressure and temperature of the liquid air fluctuate during ground storage and filling.

[0005] Traditional techniques often employ fixed delay parameters or fixed heating power to trigger phase transitions. This control strategy cannot actively compensate for disturbances in the rock mass environment and the initial state of the medium. This leads to the uncontrollability of the phase transition triggering time: if the energy input is insufficient or the heat dissipation is too rapid, the liquid air may not reach an effective fracturing pressure; if the heating timing is inappropriate, the delay time may deviate. Therefore, existing technologies generally suffer from technical defects such as unstable fracturing effects, low energy utilization, and poor delay control accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture method, which solves the problem of insufficient control precision in the detonation delay and triggering state in existing liquid air rupture methods.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture, comprising the following steps;

[0008] S100, Preparation and deployment steps: Install the special detonator into the borehole in the target area and establish an electrical connection between the special detonator and the ground controller;

[0009] S200, In-situ environment detection step: Before filling the borehole with liquid air, the ground controller instructs the specially designed detonator to calculate and obtain the in-situ thermal conductivity coefficient characterizing the borehole environment.

[0010] S300, Medium State Sensing Step: The ground controller obtains the storage pressure and storage temperature of the liquid air to be filled through sensors deployed on the external storage container.

[0011] S400, Multi-dimensional Collaborative Calibration Step: The ground controller runs a feedforward calibration model, using the in-situ thermal conductivity, the storage pressure, and the storage temperature as collaborative inputs to calculate and generate a set of operating parameters.

[0012] S500, Parameter Distribution and Medium Filling Steps: The ground controller downloads the set of operating parameters to the special detonator, fills the borehole with liquid air, and seals the borehole.

[0013] S600, the coordinated execution and triggering steps: after receiving an external detonation command, the specially designed detonator autonomously and collaboratively performs pretreatment and delay timing operations on the liquid air according to the set of operating parameters stored internally, and triggers detonation after the delay timing operation is completed.

[0014] Preferably, the special detonator in step S100 includes: a shell, a clinker ring cap, an electronic chip, an ignition head, a liquid oxygen heating agent, a filling port, and an electrical wire. The top of the shell is fixedly connected to the clinker ring cap. The electronic chip and the ignition head are installed inside the shell. The liquid oxygen heating agent is provided at the bottom of the shell. One end of the electronic chip is connected to the electrical wire, and the other end is connected to the ignition head. The electrical wire passes through the clinker ring cap, and a filling port is provided inside the clinker ring cap.

[0015] Preferably, step S200 specifically includes:

[0016] The specially designed detonator drives the liquid oxygen heating agent inside it with a preset test power and monitors the real-time resistance value of the liquid oxygen heating agent.

[0017] Calculate the rate of change of the real-time resistance value; substitute the rate of change of resistance into a preset quantization model, and solve to obtain the in-situ thermal conductivity.

[0018] Preferably, step S300 specifically includes:

[0019] The ground controller reads the real-time output value of the pressure sensor deployed on the external storage container to obtain the storage pressure;

[0020] The ground controller reads the real-time output value of the temperature sensor deployed inside the external storage container to obtain the storage temperature.

[0021] Preferably, the set of operating parameters in step S400 includes at least the calibrated delay time and heating curve;

[0022] The heating curve is defined by the heating power and the preheating time.

[0023] Preferably, in step S400, the internal computational logic of the feedforward calibration model is constructed to solve the energy balance relationship in order to calculate and obtain the set of operating parameters;

[0024] The energy balance equation ensures that the total compensation energy injected by the liquid oxygen exothermic agent is equal to the sum of the net energy absorbed to migrate the liquid air from the initial state determined by the storage pressure and the storage temperature to the standard target trigger state, and the total energy lost to the borehole wall during pretreatment and delay waiting.

[0025] Preferably, the feedforward calibration model in step S400 is implemented as a multidimensional lookup table, specifically including:

[0026] Using the in-situ thermal conductivity, the storage pressure, and the storage temperature as indexes, data is retrieved from the multidimensional lookup table, and the set of operating parameters is calculated.

[0027] Furthermore, the heating curve ( ) is defined by a set of lower-level parameters, namely a heating power ( ) and a preheating time .

[0028] The feedforward calibration model ( The actual output of the solution is:

[0029] ;

[0030] In the formula, This represents the calculation model for heating control parameters. This indicates the real-time pressure of the storage medium in the energy storage system. This indicates the real-time temperature of the storage medium in the energy storage system. Indicates characteristic parameters of the reservoir rock mass. Indicates the calibrated delay time. Indicates heating power. Indicates the preheating time.

[0031] The feedforward calibration model ( The internal operation logic is constructed to solve a thermodynamic and heat transfer coupled equation based on energy conservation. The core of the operation logic is to ensure that the following energy balance relationship holds.

[0032] ;

[0033] In the formula;

[0034] The total compensation energy injected into the liquid air by the liquid oxygen exothermic agent 15 during the pretreatment stage is given by the solution to be solved. and Decision, that is ;

[0035] To make liquid air change from its initial state (from , (Determines) the net energy required to migrate to the standard target trigger state;

[0036] This refers to the total energy lost from liquid air to the surrounding rock mass due to heat conduction from the borehole wall during the entire pretreatment and waiting period.

[0037] Preferably, in step S500, after the operating parameter set is downloaded to the special detonator, the electronic chip inside the special detonator writes the operating parameter set into its internal non-volatile storage unit.

[0038] Preferably, in step S600, the specially designed detonator autonomously and collaboratively executes the operation parameter set stored internally, specifically including:

[0039] After receiving the external detonation command, the electronic chip reads the set of operating parameters from its internal storage and enters an autonomous execution process that does not require further intervention from the ground controller.

[0040] Preferably, step S600 specifically includes:

[0041] The electronic chip of the specially designed detonator starts the delay timing operation based on a calibrated delay time in the set of operating parameters;

[0042] The electronic chip drives the liquid oxygen heating agent inside it to perform the pretreatment operation according to a heating curve in the set of operating parameters.

[0043] The pretreatment operation stops after a preheating time defined by the heating curve, and the internal timer of the electronic chip continues to count until the count reaches the calibrated delay time, at which point detonation is triggered.

[0044] This invention provides a method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. This invention addresses the high sensitivity of the liquid air fracturing process to environmental and initial conditions by establishing a multi-dimensional collaborative calibration mechanism that incorporates in-situ thermal conductivity, medium storage pressure, and temperature. The customized set of operating parameters calculated using a feedforward calibration model accurately compensates for energy deviations introduced by differences in borehole rock thermal conductivity and fluctuations in the initial thermodynamic state of the liquid air. This compensation mechanism ensures that the liquid air accurately converges to the preset standard target triggering state at the predetermined triggering time, thereby significantly improving the delay accuracy and detonation success rate of fracturing operations and avoiding misfires or insufficient fracturing power due to state mismatch.

[0046] 2. This invention utilizes a specially designed detonator containing a liquid oxygen exothermic agent that also functions as an environmental detection device. This enables the low-cost and high-efficiency acquisition of the in-situ thermal conductivity coefficient of the borehole environment. Before filling with liquid air, the liquid oxygen exothermic agent is driven with low power and its electrical response is monitored. This allows for the direct quantification of the local heat transfer characteristics of the borehole without the need for additional, expensive specialized geological survey equipment. This not only simplifies the on-site operation process but also ensures that the thermal parameters input into the feedforward calibration model accurately reflect the actual microenvironment of the specially designed detonator, providing a high-confidence data foundation for subsequent energy compensation calculations.

[0047] 3. This invention enhances the system's operational reliability in complex engineering environments by employing a control strategy that combines parameter presetting and autonomous collaborative execution. By embedding the calculated set of operating parameters into the non-volatile storage unit of the downhole electronic chip, the specially designed detonator can independently complete the coordinated operation of pre-processing heating and delay timing without real-time intervention from the surface controller after receiving the detonation command. The offline autonomous execution mode effectively avoids the risk of control failure due to communication interruption, cable damage, or signal interference, ensuring strict synchronization between pre-processing energy injection and delay triggering timing. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the data flow of the feedforward calibration model of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the specially designed detonator structure of the present invention.

[0051] Among them, 10. Special detonator; 11. Outer shell; 12. Clinker ring cap; 13. Electronic chip; 14. Ignition head; 15. Liquid oxygen heating agent; 16. Filling port; 17. Electrical wire. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 This invention provides a method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture, comprising the following steps;

[0054] S100, Preparation and deployment steps: Install the special detonator 10 into the borehole in the target area and establish an electrical connection between the special detonator 10 and the ground controller.

[0055] Specifically, step S100 in this embodiment, namely on-site preparation and system deployment, can be broken down into the formation of the ruptured container, the preparation of the energy storage medium system, and the installation and connection of the execution unit.

[0056] S101, Drilling operations are conducted in the target blasting area according to the established engineering design plan. The engineering design plan integrates geological survey data, rock mechanical properties, and the expected fracture scale of the target area. The diameter, depth, and borehole network parameters (such as spacing and row spacing) are precisely determined based on this plan. The drilled holes serve as the containment space for the subsequent phase change and fracture of liquid air, i.e., the fracture container. Drilling operations can be carried out using hydraulic rock drilling rigs or down-the-hole drills. During the operation, the integrity and straightness of the borehole walls must be ensured to facilitate the subsequent installation and sealing of the specially designed detonators 10.

[0057] S102, an external storage container for storing liquid air is prepared. Specifically, an insulation layer is applied to the outer wall of the storage container. The insulation layer can be made of a thermally insulating material with low thermal conductivity; in one embodiment, it can be polyurethane foam, and in other embodiments, it can be a vacuum insulation layer or aerogel felt, etc. The insulation layer is used to reduce heat exchange between the storage container and the external environment, maintaining the low temperature of the liquid air. The insulated storage container is then placed on a predetermined working platform near the borehole.

[0058] A pressure regulation system is installed and connected to the storage container. The pressure regulation system is configured to maintain the pressure inside the container within a preset operating pressure range. The system includes a pressure sensor, a control logic unit, and a regulating valve. The pressure sensor continuously monitors the pressure inside the storage container in real time and outputs the monitored pressure signal to the control logic unit. The control logic unit, such as a programmable logic controller (PLC), outputs control commands to the regulating valve based on a comparison between the pressure signal and the preset pressure range, thereby adjusting the valve opening and achieving closed-loop control of the pressure inside the container.

[0059] S103, the specially designed detonator 10 is installed to a predetermined depth within the borehole formed in step S101. The predetermined depth is determined by the engineering design scheme to ensure that the fracturing energy can act on the most effective location of the target rock layer. An electrical connection is established between the electronic chip 13 inside the specially designed detonator 10 and a controller deployed on the ground via an electrical conductor.

[0060] The special detonator 10 includes: a shell 11, a plastic ring cap 12, an electronic chip 13, an ignition head 14, a liquid oxygen heating agent 15, a filling port 16, and an electrical wire 17;

[0061] The top of the outer shell 11 is fixedly connected to a clinker ring cover 12. An electronic chip 13 and an ignition head 14 are installed inside the outer shell 11. A liquid oxygen heating agent 15 is provided at the bottom of the inner shell 11. One end of the electronic chip 13 is connected to an electrical wire 17, and the other end is connected to the ignition head 14. The electrical wire 17 passes through the clinker ring cover 12. A liquid filling port 16 is opened inside the clinker ring cover 12.

[0062] S200, In-situ Environmental Detection Step: Before filling the borehole with liquid air, the ground controller commands a specially designed detonator 10 to drive the liquid oxygen exothermic agent 15 inside it with a preset test power. By monitoring the electrical characteristic response of the liquid oxygen exothermic agent 15, an in-situ thermal conductivity coefficient characterizing the borehole environment is calculated and obtained.

[0063] Specifically, in step S200 of this embodiment, before filling the borehole with liquid air, a key physical parameter of the borehole environment is actively acquired and quantified by the specially designed detonator 10 itself.

[0064] Step S200 may specifically include the following sub-steps;

[0065] S201, the ground controller sends an in-situ environmental detection command to the special detonator 10 installed in the borehole via the wire 17.

[0066] S202, after receiving an instruction, the electronic chip 13 inside the specially designed detonator 10 executes a preset detection program. The program controls the electronic chip 13 to operate at a preset test power. The liquid oxygen exothermic agent 15 is driven and continuously probed for a preset duration. Test power. The amplitude was set at a low level to ensure that the detection process only generates minor thermal disturbances in the near field of the liquid oxygen exothermic agent 15, without causing substantial changes to the macroscopic physical state of the borehole rock mass.

[0067] S203, in test power While driving the liquid oxygen heating agent 15, the electronic chip 13 continuously monitors and records the real-time resistance value of the liquid oxygen heating agent 15 at a preset sampling frequency. In one embodiment, resistance monitoring can be achieved using a four-wire method to eliminate the influence of the resistance of the conductor 17 on measurement accuracy. The electronic chip 13 will collect a set of time-series data. Store it.

[0068] S204, After data acquisition is completed, the electronic chip 13 or the ground controller (after receiving the raw data uploaded by the electronic chip 13) processes the time series data to calculate the rate of change of the resistance value during the detection time. .

[0069] S205, the resistance change rate calculated in step S204 As input, it is substituted into a pre-defined quantization model. In the process, the in-situ thermal conductivity coefficient characterizing the borehole environment is solved and obtained. .

[0070] Quantization model The relation can be expressed as:

[0071] ;

[0072] In the formula, Let be the in-situ thermal conductivity to be solved. This is a pre-defined function relation or lookup table. The rate of change of resistance, The test power is constant.

[0073] Calculated in-situ thermal conductivity It will be temporarily stored in the storage unit of the ground controller.

[0074] S300, Medium State Sensing Step: The ground controller obtains a storage pressure and a storage temperature of the liquid air to be filled by sensors deployed on an external storage container.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, step S300 accurately obtains the initial thermodynamic state parameters of the liquid air to be filled in the external storage container before performing the liquid air filling operation.

[0076] Step S300 may specifically include the following sub-steps;

[0077] S301, before triggering the process of filling the borehole with liquid air, the ground controller sends a data acquisition command to the monitoring system connected to the external storage container. The timing of the command is set to be immediately before the filling operation to ensure that the acquired data can most accurately reflect the physical state of the liquid air to be injected into the borehole.

[0078] S302, the ground controller reads the real-time output value of a pressure sensor deployed on the external storage container through the monitoring system, and converts the output value into storage pressure. The pressure sensor can be a piezoresistive or strain gauge pressure sensor suitable for low-temperature and high-pressure environments. It is directly connected to the gas or liquid phase space inside the storage container to measure the pressure inside the container. The electrical signal from the pressure sensor is processed by a signal conditioning circuit and an analog-to-digital converter before being read by the ground controller.

[0079] S303, the ground controller reads the real-time output value of a temperature sensor installed inside the external storage container through the monitoring system, and converts the output value into the storage temperature. The temperature sensor can be a platinum resistance thermometer or a K-type low-temperature thermocouple, and its sensing end is configured to be immersed in liquid air or closely attached to the inner wall of the storage container to ensure that the measured temperature can truly reflect the body temperature of the liquid air.

[0080] S304, the ground controller will acquire the storage pressure. With storage temperature As a pair of initial state parameters, they are temporarily stored in their internal storage units.

[0081] S400, Multi-dimensional Collaborative Calibration Step: The ground controller runs a feedforward calibration model, using the in-situ thermal conductivity obtained in step S200 and the storage pressure and storage temperature obtained in step S300 as collaborative inputs to calculate and generate a set of operating parameters for the current operating conditions.

[0082] Specifically, step S400 in this embodiment may include the following sub-steps:

[0083] S401, the ground controller calls its internally stored feedforward calibration model. and the storage pressure already acquired and stored in steps S200 and S300 Storage temperature and in-situ thermal conductivity Substitute it into the model as an input vector. .

[0084] S402, Feedforward calibration model Based on the input vector, calculate and output a set of operation parameters. Feedforward calibration model The complete functional relationship can be expressed as:

[0085] ;

[0086] In the formula, Indicates the set of operation parameters. This represents the calculation model for the operating parameters. Indicates the pressure of the energy storage medium. Indicates the temperature of the energy storage medium. These represent characteristic parameters of the reservoir rock mass.

[0087] Operation parameter set Specifically defined as a set of timing and power parameters used to control the internal electronic chip 13 of the special detonator 10 to perform specific actions, including at least a calibrated delay time. and heating curve Heating curve It can be defined by a set of lower-level parameters, namely a heating power. And the preheating time Feedforward calibration model The actual output of the solution is:

[0088] ;

[0089] In the formula, This represents the calculation model for heating control parameters. This indicates the real-time pressure of the storage medium in the energy storage system. This indicates the real-time temperature of the storage medium in the energy storage system. Indicates characteristic parameters of the reservoir rock mass. Indicates the calibrated delay time. Indicates heating power. Indicates the preheating time.

[0090] S403, Feedforward Calibration Model The internal operational logic is designed to solve a coupled thermodynamic and heat transfer equation based on energy conservation. The core of the operational logic is to ensure that the following energy balance relationship holds.

[0091] ;

[0092] In the formula;

[0093] The total compensation energy injected into the liquid air by the liquid oxygen exothermic agent 15 during the pretreatment stage is given by the solution to be solved. and Decision, that is ;

[0094] To make liquid air change from its initial state (from , (Determines) the net energy required to migrate to the standard target trigger state;

[0095] This refers to the total energy lost from liquid air to the surrounding rock mass due to heat conduction from the borehole wall during the entire pretreatment and waiting period.

[0096] After completing the above calculations, the ground controller will obtain a complete set of operating parameters. .

[0097] S500, Parameter Download and Medium Filling Steps: The ground controller downloads the set of operating parameters to the electronic chip 13 inside the special detonator 10; then, liquid air is filled into the borehole and the borehole is sealed.

[0098] Specifically, in this embodiment, after completing the feedforward calibration calculation, step S500 transmits the generated customized operation instructions to the downhole execution unit and completes the filling of the energy storage medium, preparing for the final triggering stage.

[0099] Step S500 may specifically include the following sub-steps:

[0100] S501, after the ground controller completes the calculation in step S400, it transmits the calculated complete set of operating parameters via wire 17. The operating parameter set is transmitted in digital signal form to the specially designed detonator 10 installed inside the borehole. Including calibrated delay time and heating curve (For example, by heating power) and preheating time definition).

[0101] S502, the electronic chip 13 inside the specially designed detonator 10 receives the set of operating parameters. Then, this set of data is written into its internal non-volatile memory, which can be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory or flash memory. The operation parameter set is then... By embedding it into a non-volatile storage unit, it can be ensured that even if subsequent communication with the ground controller is interrupted or power fluctuations occur.

[0102] S503, confirming the operation parameter set After successful delivery and solidification, the liquid air filling operation is carried out. The operation involves injecting the liquid air from the external storage container into the borehole according to the filling volume specified in the engineering design through a cryogenic delivery pipeline.

[0103] S504 After the liquid air filling is completed, the borehole is sealed. The sealing operation can use plugging materials such as drilling mud or quick-setting cement to fill the borehole opening. The filling operation must ensure that the sealing section has sufficient strength and airtightness. The purpose is to build a closed pressure-bearing space to ensure that the huge pressure generated during the subsequent liquid air phase change can effectively act on the surrounding rock mass, rather than leaking from the borehole opening.

[0104] After completing the above steps, the entire system enters the final standby state. The borehole has been loaded with explosives and sealed, and the specially made detonator 10 downhole has been loaded with a customized execution program for the specific working conditions of this operation.

[0105] S600, the coordinated execution and triggering steps: after receiving an external detonation command, the electronic chip 13 of the special detonator 10 autonomously and coordinatedly performs a pretreatment operation on the liquid air and a delay timing operation based on the set of operating parameters stored inside it, and triggers the internal ignition head 14 after the delay timing ends.

[0106] Specifically, in this embodiment, step S600 involves coordinated preprocessing and precise delay triggering. The specially designed detonator 10 autonomously adjusts the final state of the liquid air inside the borehole according to the solidified customized instructions, and triggers the system at the optimal point.

[0107] Step S600 may specifically include the following sub-steps:

[0108] S601, after the operators confirm that all preparations are complete, the ground controller sends a global detonation command to the specially designed detonator 10 installed in the borehole via the wire 17. The global detonation command is a trigger signal used to initiate the execution process.

[0109] S602, after receiving the global detonation command, the electronic chip 13 inside the special detonator 10 reads the set of operating parameters that were fixed in step S502 from its internal non-volatile storage unit. Subsequently, the electronic chip 13 enters an autonomous execution process, strictly following the read set of operating parameters. The system operates according to the defined timing and power, and all subsequent actions require no further intervention from the ground controller.

[0110] S603, electronic chip 13 based on operating parameter set heating curve The internal control logic of electronic chip 13 performs a collaborative preprocessing operation based on the heating curve. Defined heating power With preheating time The parameters drive the liquid oxygen heating agent 15 to operate. During this period, the liquid oxygen heating agent 15 operates at a heating power... Continuous action on the surrounding liquid air A prolonged energy injection is used to actively and controllably adjust the thermodynamic state of liquid air.

[0111] S604, while performing the above-mentioned collaborative preprocessing operation, the internal timer of the electronic chip 13, based on the operation parameter set... calibrated delay time Initiate a precise delay timer. Heating curve. Defined preprocessing operations and calibrated delay time The defined delay timings are performed collaboratively. Preprocessing operations are... The timer will end after the set duration, but it will continue counting until the calibrated delay time is reached. .

[0112] S605, when the count value of the internal timer reaches the calibrated delay time. When the set value is reached, the electronic chip 13 immediately outputs a trigger signal to the ignition head 14. Under the combined effects of its initial state, the rock environment, and the pretreatment operation, the physical state of the liquid air in the borehole converges exactly to the standard target trigger state preset by the feedforward calibration model. After the ignition head 14 is triggered, it releases instantaneous high temperature, igniting the liquid air in its optimal state, causing it to undergo a violent phase change and generating impact pressure for rock fracturing.

Claims

1. A method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; S100, Preparation and deployment steps: Install the special detonator (10) into the borehole in the target area and establish an electrical connection between the special detonator (10) and the ground controller; S200, In-situ environment detection step: Before filling the borehole with liquid air, the ground controller instructs the specially designed detonator (10) to calculate and obtain the in-situ thermal conductivity coefficient characterizing the borehole environment; S300, Medium State Sensing Step: The ground controller obtains the storage pressure and storage temperature of the liquid air to be filled through sensors deployed on the external storage container. S400, Multi-dimensional Collaborative Calibration Step: The ground controller runs a feedforward calibration model, using the in-situ thermal conductivity, the storage pressure, and the storage temperature as collaborative inputs to calculate and generate a set of operating parameters. S500, Parameter distribution and medium filling steps: The ground controller downloads the set of operating parameters to the special detonator (10), fills the borehole with liquid air, and seals the borehole. S600, Coordinated execution and triggering steps: After receiving an external detonation command, the special detonator (10) autonomously and collaboratively performs the pretreatment operation and delay timing operation on the liquid air according to the set of operation parameters stored inside it, and triggers detonation after the delay timing operation is completed.

2. The method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The special detonator (10) in step S100 includes: a shell (11), a clinker ring cap (12), an electronic chip (13), an ignition head (14), a liquid oxygen heating agent (15), a filling port (16), and an electrical wire (17). The top of the shell (11) is fixedly connected to the clinker ring (12). The electronic chip (13) and the ignition head (14) are installed inside the shell (11). The liquid oxygen heating agent (15) is provided at the bottom of the shell (11). One end of the electronic chip (13) is connected to the electrical wire (17), and the other end is connected to the ignition head (14). The electrical wire (17) passes through the clinker ring cap (12). The clinker ring cap (12) has a filling port (16) inside.

3. The method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S200 specifically includes: The specially designed detonator (10) drives the liquid oxygen heating agent (15) inside it with a preset test power and monitors the real-time resistance value of the liquid oxygen heating agent (15). Calculate the rate of change of the real-time resistance value; substitute the rate of change of resistance into a preset quantization model, and solve to obtain the in-situ thermal conductivity.

4. The method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S300 specifically includes: The ground controller reads the real-time output value of the pressure sensor deployed on the external storage container to obtain the storage pressure; The ground controller reads the real-time output value of the temperature sensor deployed inside the external storage container to obtain the storage temperature.

5. The method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The set of operating parameters in step S400 includes at least the calibrated delay time and heating curve; The heating curve is defined by the heating power and the preheating time.

6. The method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S400, the internal operation logic of the feedforward calibration model is constructed to solve the energy balance relationship in order to calculate the set of operating parameters. The energy balance equation ensures that the total compensation energy injected by the liquid oxygen exothermic agent (15) is equal to the sum of the net energy absorbed to migrate the liquid air from the initial state determined by the storage pressure and the storage temperature to the standard target trigger state and the total energy lost to the borehole wall during the pretreatment and delay waiting process.

7. The method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S400, the feedforward calibration model is implemented as a multidimensional lookup table, specifically including: Using the in-situ thermal conductivity, the storage pressure, and the storage temperature as indexes, data is retrieved from the multidimensional lookup table, and the set of operating parameters is calculated.

8. The method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S500, after the set of operating parameters is downloaded to the special detonator (10), the electronic chip (13) inside the special detonator (10) writes the set of operating parameters into its internal non-volatile storage unit.

9. The method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S600, the specially designed detonator (10) autonomously and collaboratively executes the operation parameter set stored within it, specifically including: After receiving the external detonation command, the electronic chip (13) reads the set of operating parameters from its internal storage and enters an autonomous execution process, which does not require further intervention from the ground controller.

10. The method for precisely delayed liquid air energy storage rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S600 specifically includes: The electronic chip (13) of the special detonator (10) initiates the delay timing operation based on a calibrated delay time in the set of operating parameters; The electronic chip (13) drives the liquid oxygen heating agent (15) inside it to perform the pretreatment operation according to a heating curve in the set of operating parameters; The pretreatment operation stops after a preheating time defined by the heating curve, and the internal timer of the electronic chip (13) continues to count until the count reaches the calibrated delay time to trigger detonation.

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