Tunnel full-section surrounding rock deformation intelligent sensing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel full-section surrounding rock deformation intelligent sensing device, which relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and comprises a slide rail laid in a tunnel and a pulley running in the slide rail, a plurality of through holes are formed in the annular frame, every two through holes directly face each other, the device can be disassembled conveniently through detachable fixed connection of the supporting rod and the connecting rods, two sets of measuring assemblies are carried on the two sides of the supporting rod through the two connecting rods, and testing work of the deformation modulus of two symmetrical measuring points of the tunnel surrounding rock can be synchronously carried out; the working efficiency of the test is effectively improved, counter-force is provided mutually to form a reliable self-balancing system, no extra counter-force is needed to support each group of connecting assemblies, the multiple groups of through holes formed in an array can realize deformation modulus test on surrounding rocks at different positions of the tunnel through disassembly and assembly of the connecting rods, and the working efficiency of the test is greatly improved; through the transportation of the slide rail and the pulley, the measurement operation can be smoothly carried out to the to-be-measured positions of different depths of the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering technology, specifically to an intelligent sensing device for deformation of surrounding rock across the entire cross section of a tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] The rock mass structure of tunnels varies significantly, and the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock, such as deformation and strength parameters, differ markedly in different locations, severely restricting and affecting the safety of the tunnel structure. In-situ field tests, using large-scale specimens that contain numerous joints and fissures, coupled with minimal disturbance during sample preparation, can accurately reflect the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of the rock mass.

[0003] Existing methods for testing the full-section deformation modulus of tunnels involve excavating a small-sized model test tunnel on-site and conducting radial hydraulic sleeper-based elastic resistance tests. Deformation parameters are obtained by simultaneously applying circumferential pressure to the tunnel confining pressure. However, in-situ resistance testing has significant drawbacks: firstly, it is costly and time-consuming; secondly, the small size of the test tunnel makes it difficult to fully reflect the stress and surrounding rock deformation conditions of a real-sized tunnel.

[0004] Traditional methods for directly testing the deformation modulus of tunnel surrounding rock involve installing force transmission columns in the horizontal or vertical directions of the tunnel. For example, the rock deformation test device disclosed in announcement number CN215262868U, suitable for rock masses with wide free faces, belongs to the field of geotechnical testing. This rock deformation test device includes a pressurizing device, a force transmission device, a measuring device, and a pressure plate. The force transmission device includes ground anchor components, a reaction beam, and connecting lugs. Two sets of ground anchor components are provided, each positioned at one end of the reaction beam, connecting the reaction beam to the rock mass. By directly installing the force transmission device onto the rock wall on the same side as the rock mass being tested, the problem of installing reaction devices or the difficulty in installing reaction devices in rock mass deformation tests with wide free faces can be solved.

[0005] The measurement scheme of the above-mentioned existing technology is based on the principle of using one side as a support point and the other side as a test point to conduct a single-point deformation modulus test of the surrounding rock. This method can only perform deformation modulus testing of a single point of the surrounding rock, which is inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent sensing device for the deformation of the surrounding rock across the entire cross section of a tunnel, in order to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, which can only perform deformation modulus testing at a single point of the surrounding rock and has low efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent sensing device for deformation of surrounding rock across the entire cross section of a tunnel, comprising a slide rail laid within the tunnel and a trolley running within the slide rail, and further comprising a mounting component, a force transmission component, and a measuring component. The mounting component comprises a ring frame fixedly connected to the trolley, and the ring frame has multiple through holes that are directly opposite each other in pairs. The force transmission component comprises a support rod and two connecting rods, the outer diameter of the connecting rod being clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the through hole, and one end of the connecting rod being detachably fixedly connected to the support rod. The measuring component comprises two sets, each set comprising a hydraulic jack fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the support rod, the telescopic end of the hydraulic jack being fixedly connected to a back plate, and the end of the back plate facing away from the hydraulic jack being fixedly connected to a trapezoidal frustum, the outer diameter of the end of the trapezoidal frustum near the back plate being smaller than the end away from the back plate, and several dial indicators being fixedly connected in a circumferential array around the trapezoidal frustum, the measuring ends of the several dial indicators abutting against the same contact plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the trapezoidal frustum is composed of a first circular steel plate and a second circular steel plate, the outer diameter of the first circular steel plate being smaller than the outer diameter of the second circular steel plate, wherein the first circular steel plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic jack.

[0009] Furthermore, the dial indicator is fixedly connected to the side of the second circular steel plate, and its other end is fixedly connected to the contact plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the side of the contact plate away from the trapezoidal frustum is provided with an adaptive arc surface, the curvature of which matches the curvature of the tunnel sidewall.

[0011] Furthermore, the ring frame has a U-shaped cross-section, with a reinforcing block slidably connected inside, and the reinforcing block has an adapter hole with the same diameter as the through hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the support rod has an embedding groove on both sides facing the connecting rod. The diameter of the embedding groove is the same as the outer diameter of the connecting rod. The embedding groove is provided with a locking element for fixing the connecting rod. The locking element includes a locking tongue, the side of which facing the connecting rod is an arc-shaped surface. The locking tongue is elastically slidably connected to the support rod through an elastic element. The connecting rod has a locking groove corresponding to the position of the locking tongue. The locking groove and the locking tongue are used in conjunction.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic element includes a compression spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the latch and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the support rod. A pull rod is fixedly connected to the latch, and one end of the pull rod extends through the support rod.

[0014] Furthermore, a hydraulic oil pump is fixedly connected to the trolley. The oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic oil pump are connected to the oil inlet and return ports of two hydraulic jacks respectively through two T-pipes and several connecting pipes.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides an intelligent sensing device for deformation of the surrounding rock of a tunnel across its entire cross section. The device can be easily disassembled through a detachable fixed connection between the support rod and the connecting rod. Two sets of measuring components are mounted on both sides of the support rod via two connecting rods, enabling simultaneous testing of the deformation modulus of two symmetrical measuring points in the tunnel's surrounding rock. This effectively improves the efficiency of the testing. Furthermore, both the connecting rod and the support rod between the two sets of measuring components are made of steel, providing mutual reaction forces to form a reliable self-balancing system. No additional reaction force is required to support each set of connecting components. The multiple sets of through holes in the array can be disassembled and installed via the connecting rods to test the deformation modulus of the surrounding rock at different locations in the tunnel, greatly improving the efficiency of the testing operation. The measurement operation can be smoothly carried out to the measurement positions at different depths in the tunnel through the transport via slide rails and trolleys. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 An enlarged diagram of point B in the middle; Figure 4 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram at point C in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the reinforcing block and the ring frame of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Slide rail; 11. Trolley; 2. Mounting assembly; 21. Ring frame; 22. Through hole; 23. Reinforcing block; 24. Adaptor hole; 3. Force transmission assembly; 31. Support rod; 32. Connecting rod; 33. Locking component; 331. Locking tongue; 332. Compression spring; 333. Pull rod; 4. Measuring assembly; 41. Hydraulic jack; 42. Support plate; 43. Trapezoidal frustum; 431. First circular steel plate; 432. Second circular steel plate; 44. Contact plate; 441. Adaptor arc surface; 45. Dial indicator; 5. Hydraulic oil pump; 51. T-joint; 52. Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-7 This invention provides an intelligent sensing device for the deformation of surrounding rock across the entire cross-section of a tunnel, comprising a slide rail 1 laid within the tunnel and a trolley 11 running within the slide rail 1, as well as a mounting component 2, a force transmission component 3, and a measuring component 4. The mounting component 2 includes a ring frame 21 fixedly connected to the trolley 11, and the ring frame 21 has multiple through holes 22 facing each other in pairs. The force transmission component 3 includes a support rod 31 and two connecting rods 32, with the outer diameter of the connecting rod 32 clearance-fitted to the inner diameter of the through hole 22, and one end of the connecting rod 32 detachably fixedly connected to the support rod 31. The measuring component 4 consists of two sets, each set including a hydraulic... A hydraulic jack 41 is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding connecting rod 32 away from the support rod 31. The telescopic end of the hydraulic jack 41 is fixedly connected to a backing plate 42. The end of the backing plate 42 facing away from the hydraulic jack 41 is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal frustum 43. The trapezoidal frustum 43 is divided into a first circular steel plate 431 and a second circular steel plate 432. The first circular steel plate 431 is close to the backing plate 42 and fixedly connected to it. The outer diameter of the second circular steel plate 432 is larger than that of the first circular steel plate 431. Several dial indicators 45 are fixedly connected in a circumferential array to the second circular steel plate 432. The measuring ends of the several dial indicators 45 abut against the same contact plate 44.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the present invention enables convenient disassembly of the device through the detachable fixed connection between the support rod 31 and the connecting rod 32. Two sets of measuring components 4 are mounted on both sides of the support rod 31 through two connecting rods 32, which can simultaneously carry out the deformation modulus test of two symmetrical measuring points of the tunnel surrounding rock, effectively improving the testing efficiency. Moreover, both the connecting rod 32 and the support rod 31 between the two sets of measuring components 4 are made of steel structure, without the need for additional reaction force to support each set of connecting components. The multiple sets of through holes 22 opened in the array can be disassembled and installed through the connecting rods 32 to carry out deformation modulus tests on the surrounding rock at different locations in the tunnel, greatly improving the testing efficiency. The measurement operation can be smoothly operated to the measurement position at different depths in the tunnel through the slide rail and trolley 11.

[0022] A dial indicator 45 is fixedly connected to the side of the second circular steel plate 432, with its other end abutting against the contact plate 44. The side of the contact plate 44 away from the trapezoidal frustum 43 has an adapting arc surface 441. The curvature of the adapting arc surface 441 matches the curvature of the tunnel sidewall, allowing the contact plate 44 to better fit against the tunnel wall. The dial indicator 45 is fixedly connected to the second circular steel plate 432. The contact plate 44 abuts against the tunnel wall, causing the probe of the dial indicator 45 to move and obtain a reading. Multiple dial indicators 45 measure the same measurement point together, and the deformation modulus of the measurement point is obtained by averaging. The test result is then calculated using the deformation modulus calculation formula, which is as follows:

[0023] In the formula: E is the deformation modulus of the measuring point (MPa); W represents the deformation value at the measuring point (cm); p is the pressure (MPa) at the bottom of the rear circular steel plate 57, which is calculated by dividing the jack load by the area of ​​the rear circular steel plate 57. I is the shape factor of the rear circular steel plate 57, which is taken as 0.785; D is the diameter (cm) of the rear circular steel plate 57; μ is the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass.

[0024] The ring frame 21 has a U-shaped cross-section. A reinforcing block 23 is slidably connected inside the ring frame 21. The reinforcing block 23 has an adapter hole 24 with the same diameter as the through hole 22. During operation, the connecting rod 32 passes through the adapter hole 24 of the reinforcing block 23 and the through hole 22 of the ring frame 21. The reinforcing block 23 can strengthen the support force of the ring frame 21 near the through hole 22 in the measurement direction. As a result, the ring frame 21 itself can be made lightweight, saving materials and making the ring frame 21 lighter, which facilitates transportation operations.

[0025] The support rod 31 has embedding grooves on both sides facing the connecting rod 32. The diameter of the embedding grooves is the same as the outer diameter of the connecting rod 32. A locking member 33 for fixing the connecting rod 32 is provided on the embedding groove. The locking member 33 includes a locking tongue 331, the side facing the connecting rod 32 of which is an arc-shaped surface. The locking tongue 331 is elastically slidably connected to the support rod 31 via a spring member. The connecting rod 32 has a locking groove corresponding to the position of the locking tongue 331. The locking groove cooperates with the locking tongue 331. In this embodiment, the spring member is a compression spring 332. One end of the compression spring 332 is fixedly connected to the locking tongue 331, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support rod 31. A pull rod is fixedly connected to the locking tongue 331. 333, one end of the pull rod 333 extends through the support rod 31. During installation, the connecting rod 32 is passed through the through hole 22 and the adapter hole 24, aligned, and inserted into the embedding groove. The arc-shaped surface of the locking tongue 331 contacts the connecting rod 32 and slides under the thrust of the connecting rod 32. At this time, the compression spring 332 is compressed. When the end of the connecting rod 32 presses against the bottom of the embedding groove, the locking tongue 331 is facing the lock groove. The locking tongue 331 slides and inserts into the lock groove under the elastic potential energy of the compression spring 332, thus locking the connecting rod 32. When disassembly is required, the pull rod 333 is pulled. The pull rod 333 can drive the locking tongue 331 to slide. When the locking tongue 331 slides out of the lock groove, the connecting rod 32 can be removed from the support rod 31.

[0026] A hydraulic oil pump 5 is fixedly connected to the trolley 11. The oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic oil pump 5 are connected to the oil inlet and return ports of two hydraulic jacks 41 through two T-pipes 51 and several connecting pipes 52, respectively. When the hydraulic oil pump 5 operates, it can drive the oil body to enter the oil inlet of the hydraulic jack 41 through the connecting pipes 52 and the T-pipes 51. Then, the telescopic end of the hydraulic jack 41 extends. The telescopic end of the hydraulic jack 41 drives the abutment plate 42, the trapezoidal frustum 43 and the contact plate 44 to move until the contact plate 44 abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel and causes slight deformation of the inner wall of the tunnel. Then, the deformation model information is fed back through the reading of the dial gauge 45.

[0027] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart sensing device for deformation of surrounding rock across the entire cross-section of a tunnel, comprising a slide rail laid within the tunnel and a trolley running within the slide rail, characterized in that, Also includes: The mounting components include a ring frame, which is fixedly connected to the trolley, and the ring frame has multiple through holes that are directly opposite each other in pairs; The force transmission component includes a support rod and two connecting rods. The outer diameter of the connecting rod is clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the through hole, and one end of the connecting rod is detachably fixed to the support rod. The measuring components consist of two sets. Each set includes a hydraulic jack, which is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding connecting rod away from the support rod. The telescopic end of the hydraulic jack is fixedly connected to a back plate. The end of the back plate facing away from the hydraulic jack is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal frustum. The outer diameter of the end of the trapezoidal frustum near the back plate is smaller than that of the end away from the back plate. Several dial indicators are fixedly connected in a circumferential array around the trapezoidal frustum. The measuring ends of the several dial indicators abut against the same contact plate.

2. The intelligent sensing device for deformation of surrounding rock across the entire tunnel section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trapezoidal frustum is composed of a first circular steel plate and a second circular steel plate. The outer diameter of the first circular steel plate is smaller than that of the second circular steel plate. The first circular steel plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic jack.

3. The intelligent sensing device for deformation of surrounding rock across the entire tunnel section according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dial indicator is fixedly connected to the side of the second circular steel plate, and its other end is fixedly connected to the contact plate.

4. The intelligent sensing device for deformation of surrounding rock across the entire tunnel section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact plate has a matching arc surface on the side away from the trapezoidal frustum, and the curvature of the matching arc surface matches the curvature of the tunnel sidewall.

5. The intelligent sensing device for deformation of surrounding rock across the entire tunnel section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring frame has a U-shaped cross-section and a reinforcing block is slidably connected inside it. The reinforcing block has an adapter hole with the same diameter as the through hole.

6. The intelligent sensing device for deformation of surrounding rock across the entire tunnel section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support rod has an embedding groove on both sides facing the connecting rod. The diameter of the embedding groove is the same as the outer diameter of the connecting rod. The embedding groove is provided with a locking element for fixing the connecting rod. The locking element includes a locking tongue, the side of which facing the connecting rod is an arc-shaped surface. The locking tongue is elastically slidably connected to the support rod through an elastic element. The connecting rod has a locking groove corresponding to the position of the locking tongue. The locking groove and the locking tongue are used in conjunction.

7. The intelligent sensing device for deformation of surrounding rock across the entire tunnel section according to claim 6, characterized in that, The elastic element includes a compression spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the latch and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the support rod. A pull rod is fixedly connected to the latch, and one end of the pull rod extends through the support rod.

8. The intelligent sensing device for deformation of surrounding rock across the entire tunnel section according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hydraulic oil pump is fixedly connected to the trolley. The oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic oil pump are connected to the oil inlet and return ports of two hydraulic jacks respectively through two T-pipes and several connecting pipes.

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