Cable comprehensive state evaluation method and device based on multi-field coupling information fusion

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable comprehensive state evaluation method and device based on multi-field coupling information fusion, and the method comprises the steps: generating a pulsed magnetic field through an excitation coil, acting on a cable, carrying out the active excitation, generating an ultrasonic signal, and detecting the ultrasonic signal through an ultrasonic sensor; a pulse current mutual inductor is synchronously adopted to detect a pulse current signal of an exciting coil and a current signal of a cable grounding wire, and a temperature / humidity sensor and a vibration sensor are used for monitoring environment and fault vibration. After multiple signals are collected and processed, fuzzy theory state evaluation is carried out, and then key feature information is fused, output and displayed. According to the invention, through multi-field coupling information fusion inversion cable structure and electrical parameter change, cable state evaluation quality is improved, facility safety level, service life and toughness are enhanced, and intelligent operation and maintenance requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cable condition detection, specifically relating to a method and apparatus for comprehensive cable condition assessment based on multi-field coupled information fusion. Background Technology

[0002] In modern power systems, power cables serve as the core channel for power transmission, and their operational stability directly determines the safety and reliability of the power grid. In recent years, rapid economic growth and urbanization have driven a continuous increase in electricity consumption, leading to a large-scale expansion of power cable networks. However, the persistently high load has kept cables in a state of "tight balance" for extended periods: on the one hand, during peak load periods, conductor currents approach or even briefly exceed design limits, causing a rapid rise in cable core temperature. Under the combined effect of high field strength and high temperature, the insulation material undergoes accelerated thermo-oxidative aging, resulting in a simultaneous decline in mechanical strength and dielectric properties. On the other hand, the combined effects of day-night peak-valley differences and seasonal temperature variations generate reciprocating thermomechanical stress along the cable path, causing micro-cracks, slippage, and other hidden damage to the metal sheath, insulation layer, and joint interfaces. In microclimate zones such as river valleys and mountainous areas, moisture and surface contaminants can easily form "water tree" channels at sheath damage points or induce electrochemical corrosion on cable accessories, further weakening insulation margin. When local defects in insulation undergo partial discharge under the effect of concentrated electric field, the discharge channel repeatedly undergoes "carbonization-breakdown-reignition," eventually evolving into an intermittent electric arc. The arc energy continuously erodes the surrounding insulation until it penetrates and forms a permanent short circuit. In addition, as a point of discontinuity in line impedance, if the crimping process is poor, the seal is aged, or it is affected by external vibration and thermal expansion and contraction, the contact resistance increases, forming a new heat source and accelerating the deterioration of the insulation interface.

[0003] At the state perception level, existing infrared thermal imagers only scan the surface temperature field, rendering them ineffective against deeply buried defects such as buffer layer ablation and internal insulation gaps. Furthermore, they rely on manual inspections and are susceptible to interference from environmental radiation, viewing angles, and experience differences. While fiber optic gratings can be embedded in conductors for real-time temperature measurement, installation requires damaging the cable structure, resulting in high costs. Moreover, there is no clear mapping relationship between temperature anomalies and defect types, making it difficult to distinguish between overload heating and partial discharge heating. In partial discharge detection, the pulse current method offers high sensitivity but requires power outage testing, and the waveform suffers severe distortion over long distances, hindering accurate location. The high-frequency current method allows for online monitoring, but the complex electromagnetic environment and pulse overlap make discharge type identification difficult. The ultrasonic method utilizes sound-to-electricity conversion for non-contact measurement but is limited by air attenuation and solid interface reflection, resulting in insufficient detection sensitivity. Although the oscillating wave method integrates excitation, location, and assessment, it is currently only used in demonstration applications for medium and low-voltage cable lines; signal attenuation and synchronous triggering issues in high-voltage, long-distance scenarios remain unresolved. Grounding current monitoring can only provide the total circulating current of the metal sheath, offering almost no response to ungrounded defects or main insulation degradation.

[0004] The aforementioned devices are isolated from each other in three dimensions: data link, spatiotemporal reference, and criterion model. The temperature measurement, discharge measurement, and circulation current measurement systems sample, store, and alarm independently, with inconsistent sampling frequencies, timestamp accuracy, and spatial coordinate systems. This results in the same defect appearing differently in different sensors. Faced with multi-source heterogeneous alarms, operators can only rely on experience to troubleshoot item by item, making it impossible to assess the severity of the defect or determine the optimal maintenance sequence, leading to frequent misjudgments and omissions.

[0005] Therefore, how to construct a highly sensitive, reliable, and long-life online monitoring method that covers the entire cable core, insulation, joints, and environment without altering the cable's structure or relying on manual inspections, and that couples multiple physical quantities such as temperature, discharge, circulating current, and mechanical stress, to accurately capture early signs of defects, intelligently identify fault types, and precisely locate faults, and break through the existing "information silo" monitoring architecture by establishing a multi-source data fusion and collaborative diagnostic mechanism under a unified spatiotemporal benchmark, so that power cable systems still possess predictable and controllable proactive safety protection capabilities under high load, complex environments, and long-distance operation conditions, has become a core technical challenge that the power industry urgently needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problems of current cable condition monitoring methods, such as the independence of various sensors, detection systems, and information, the limited data feedback provided by each device, and the weak correlation between various test condition information, this invention provides a comprehensive cable condition assessment method and device based on multi-field coupled information fusion. Utilizing the coupling effect of electromagnetic and acoustic fields, it actively applies pulse excitation and uses partial discharge to generate ultrasonic signals on the cable. The acoustic signals are detected to reconstruct the sound source distribution, obtaining the cable's structural or electrical characteristic changes. Simultaneously, after assessing the cable's condition by detecting temperature / humidity, vibration, current, and ultrasonic information respectively, key feature information from these data is fused to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the cable's condition. This invention can largely meet the urgent need for high-quality cable condition assessment and improvements in the safety level, lifespan, and resilience of cable facilities.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for comprehensive cable condition assessment by fusing multi-field coupled information includes the following steps:

[0009] An excitation coil positioned above the cable applies a pulsed magnetic field to the cable under the action of an excitation source;

[0010] Ultrasonic sensors or arrays of ultrasonic sensors placed around the cable detect ultrasonic signals generated by pulsed magnetic fields or partial discharge acting on the cable. The detected ultrasonic signals are then amplified, bandpass filtered, and processed through data acquisition. A pulsed current transformer detects the pulsed current signal flowing through the excitation coil and the current signal of the cable grounding wire. The detected signals are then conditioned and acquired. The acquired ultrasonic and current signals are stored and analyzed. The signals are then used to reconstruct the sound source image based on the time-reversal method. Further reconstruction from the sound source image to the electrical characteristic parameter image is then performed for condition assessment.

[0011] Temperature / humidity sensors detect changes in cable temperature and ambient temperature and humidity characteristics. After data acquisition and preprocessing, a state assessment based on fuzzy theory is performed.

[0012] Vibration sensors detect cable vibration information, and after data acquisition and preprocessing, a state assessment based on fuzzy theory is performed.

[0013] After assessing the cable's condition using images of reconstructed sound sources and electrical characteristics based on temperature / humidity, vibration, current, and ultrasonic signals, key feature information is fused, and the cable's condition information is output and displayed to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the cable's condition.

[0014] The process of generating the ultrasonic signal is as follows: an excitation coil arranged above the cable is excited by an excitation source to generate a pulsed magnetic field. The pulsed magnetic field excites the cable. When the cable contains sharp points or burrs, thin air gaps, bubble defects, impurities, or when the insulation performance or structure changes, the dielectric becomes discontinuous, resulting in changes in dielectric information and electric field distribution. Under the excitation of the pulsed magnetic field and partial discharge of the cable, a thermal sound source or a force sound source is excited, which further generates an ultrasonic signal. The generated ultrasonic signal is detected by an ultrasonic sensor or an ultrasonic sensor array arranged around the cable.

[0015] Furthermore, the excitation source generates a pulsed excitation magnetic field through the excitation coil. Simultaneously, the partial discharge of the cable also generates pulsed excitation. Under the conditions of the pulsed excitation magnetic field generated by the excitation coil and the partial discharge of the cable, the cable generates an ultrasonic signal. The ultrasonic signal is detected by an ultrasonic sensor or an ultrasonic sensor array. The obtained signal is amplified by a signal amplification module and a bandpass filter module, and then sent to the third data acquisition module. At the same time, pulse current transformers A and B synchronously acquire the pulse current signal in the excitation coil and the cable grounding wire current signal. The signals are then processed by pulse current signal conditioning modules A and B and sent to the fourth data acquisition module. The signals acquired by the third and fourth data acquisition modules are simultaneously sent to the data storage and signal analysis module, and then to the sound source image reconstruction module based on the time reversal method and the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module. The third state assessment module and its results; a temperature / humidity sensor detects cable temperature changes and ambient temperature and humidity characteristics. The data measured by the temperature / humidity sensor is sequentially processed by the first data acquisition module, the first data preprocessing module, and the first fuzzy theory state assessment module, outputting the first state assessment result; a vibration sensor synchronously detects cable vibration information. The obtained data is sequentially processed by the second data acquisition module, the second data preprocessing module, and the second fuzzy theory state assessment module, outputting the second state assessment result; the first, second, and third state assessment results are sent to the key feature information fusion module. The key feature information fusion module performs key feature information fusion on temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasonic information, sound source, and electrical characteristic parameters, and then sends it to the cable state information output and display module to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the cable state.

[0016] Furthermore, the sound source image reconstruction using the time-reversal method is based on the relationship between the ultrasonic signal sound pressure and the spatial distribution of the sound source, as shown in equation (1) or equation (2):

[0017] (1)

[0018] (2)

[0019] in, For the spatial distribution of sound sources, It is the plane where the ultrasonic transducer is located. Indicates the location of the ultrasonic transducer. It is the source of the sound. Location The normal vector, For isobaric specific heat capacity, The coefficient of volumetric expansion. This represents the first-order time derivative. express The second time derivative, For sound pressure, Speed ​​of sound;

[0020] The reconstruction of the sound source image into an electrical characteristic parameter image is achieved by either a direct solution method or an iterative solution method. The direct solution method is obtained by equation (3) or equation (4):

[0021] (3)

[0022] in, For electrical characteristic parameters, conductivity, For electric field strength, and These are the scalar potential space term and the first-order vector magnetic potential space term, respectively. For the Laplace operator, The spatial distribution of sound sources;

[0023] (4)

[0024] in, Resistivity is an electrical characteristic parameter. For induced current, For one magnetic field, Indicates the location of the sound source;

[0025] The iterative solution method uses the difference between the sound sources obtained from measurement and simulation calculations to construct an objective function. The objective function is minimized through iteration, and finally the electrical characteristic parameters of the cable target body are obtained.

[0026] Furthermore, the excitation source is composed of a synchronous trigger controller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an energy storage module, a discharge switch, and a load matching module connected in sequence. The synchronous trigger controller controls the signal generator to generate a trigger signal, which is amplified by the power amplifier and sent to the energy storage module. The discharge switch controls the impedance matching through the load matching module, and the pulse current passes through the excitation coil to generate a pulse magnetic field, which acts on the cable.

[0027] Furthermore, the ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is arranged around the cable, with its output connected to the input of a signal amplification module. The output of the signal amplification module is connected to the input of a bandpass filter module, and the output of the bandpass filter module is connected to the input of a third data acquisition module. The output of the third data acquisition module is connected to a data storage and signal analysis module. The pulse current transformer A and pulse current transformer B synchronously acquire the pulse current excitation signal flowing through the excitation coil and the cable grounding wire current signal. The outputs of pulse current transformer A and pulse current transformer B are respectively connected to the inputs of pulse current signal conditioning module A and pulse current signal conditioning module B. The outputs of pulse current signal conditioning module A and pulse current signal conditioning module B are connected to the input of a fourth data acquisition module, and the output of the fourth data acquisition module is connected to a data storage module. The system includes a data storage and signal analysis module. This module analyzes the acquired ultrasonic and current signals. The output of this module is connected to the input of the third-state assessment module and the input of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module. The output of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module is connected to the input of the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module. The outputs of both the time-reversal-based and electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction modules are connected to the input of the third-state assessment module. The output of the third-state assessment module is connected to the input of the third-state assessment result. The output of the third-state assessment result is connected to the input of the key feature information fusion module. The output of the key feature information fusion module is connected to the input of the cable status information output and display module.

[0028] Furthermore, the ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array used for monitoring the ultrasonic signal of electromagnetic excitation has the following form and arrangement:

[0029] An ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is directly attached to the surface of the cable's outer sheath, joint, or terminal, and the propagation of the acoustic signal is enhanced by using a coupling agent; or the ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is scanned at a certain distance from the cable without contact.

[0030] The ultrasonic sensors or ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged and distributed as follows: ultrasonic sensors, or arc-shaped ultrasonic sensor arrays, or linear ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged in the four directions of the radial section of the cable or cable accessory, respectively; in the axial section of the cable or cable accessory, multiple ultrasonic sensors or ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged in the axial direction at certain intervals, wherein multiple ultrasonic sensors or ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged radially at each radial section position.

[0031] The present invention also provides a cable comprehensive condition assessment device for multi-field coupling information fusion, including an excitation source, an excitation coil, a temperature and humidity detection system, a vibration detection system, an ultrasonic signal detection system, a pulse current acquisition system, and a key feature information fusion system.

[0032] The excitation source, consisting of a synchronous trigger controller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an energy storage module, a discharge switch, and a load matching module connected in sequence, is used to apply a pulsed magnetic field to the cable through the excitation coil.

[0033] The temperature and humidity detection system consists of a temperature / humidity sensor, a first data acquisition module, a first data preprocessing module, a first fuzzy theory state evaluation module, and a first state evaluation result connected in sequence. It is used to detect cable temperature changes and ambient temperature and humidity characteristics and to complete state evaluation.

[0034] The vibration detection system consists of a vibration sensor, a second data acquisition module, a second data preprocessing module, a second fuzzy theory state assessment module, and a second state assessment result connected in sequence. It is used to detect cable vibration information and complete state assessment.

[0035] The ultrasonic signal detection system consists of an ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array, a signal amplification module, a bandpass filter module, a third data acquisition module, a data storage and signal analysis module, a third state assessment module, and a third state assessment result connected in sequence. It also includes a sound source image reconstruction module based on time reversal method and a sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module. It is used to detect ultrasonic signals generated by pulsed magnetic fields or partial discharge acting on cables, and to perform current and ultrasonic signal analysis, sound source and electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction, and complete state assessment.

[0036] The pulse current acquisition system consists of pulse current transformer A, pulse current transformer B, pulse current signal conditioning module A, pulse current signal conditioning module B, and a fourth data acquisition module. It is used to acquire the pulse current excitation signal flowing through the excitation coil and the current signal of the cable grounding wire, and send the acquisition results to the data storage and signal analysis module. Together with the ultrasonic signal detection system, it realizes current signal analysis, image reconstruction, and status assessment.

[0037] The key feature information fusion system consists of a key feature information fusion module and a cable status information output and display module. The input end of the key feature information fusion module is connected to the output ends of the first, second, and third status evaluation results. The output end of the key feature information fusion module is connected to the input end of the cable status information output and display module. It is used to perform key feature information fusion on temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasonic signals, and reconstructed sound source and electrical characteristic parameter image information and output the comprehensive status characteristics of the cable. The sound source and electrical characteristic parameter image information reconstructed from the ultrasonic signal is the multi-field coupling information.

[0038] Furthermore, the excitation source and excitation coil are arranged outside the cable. The excitation source consists of a synchronous trigger controller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an energy storage module, a discharge switch, and a load matching module connected in sequence. The synchronous trigger controller controls the signal generator to generate a trigger signal, which is amplified by the power amplifier and sent to the energy storage module. Controlled by the discharge switch and impedance matching by the load matching module, the pulse current passes through the excitation coil to generate a pulsed magnetic field, which acts on the cable. The ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is arranged around the cable, with its output end connected to the input end of the signal amplification module and the output end of the signal amplification module connected to the bandpass filter module. The input terminal of the bandpass filter module is connected to the input terminal of the third data acquisition module, and the output terminal of the third data acquisition module is connected to the input terminal of the data storage and signal analysis module. The pulse current transformers A and B synchronously acquire the pulse current excitation signal flowing through the excitation coil and the cable grounding wire current signal. The output terminals of pulse current transformers A and B are respectively connected to the input terminals of pulse current signal conditioning modules A and B. The output terminals of pulse current signal conditioning modules A and B are connected to the input terminal of the fourth data acquisition module, and the output terminal of the fourth data acquisition module is connected to the data storage and signal analysis module. The signal analysis module input terminal; the data storage and signal analysis module output terminal are connected to the input terminal of the third state evaluation module and the input terminal of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module. The output terminal of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module is connected to the input terminal of the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module. The output terminals of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module and the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module are connected to the input terminal of the third state evaluation module. The output terminal of the third state evaluation module is connected to the input terminal of the third state evaluation result. The temperature / humidity sensor is installed on or near the cable surface, and its output terminal is connected to the first data acquisition module. The system consists of three modules: a first data acquisition module (input terminal), a second data preprocessing module (output terminal), a third fuzzy theory state evaluation module (output terminal), and a cable status information output display module. The first data acquisition module's output terminal is connected to the first data preprocessing module's input terminal, which in turn is connected to the first fuzzy theory state evaluation module's input terminal. The vibration sensor, mounted on the cable surface or supporting structure, has its output terminal connected to the second data acquisition module's input terminal. The second data acquisition module's output terminal is connected to the second data preprocessing module's input terminal, which in turn is connected to the second fuzzy theory state evaluation module's input terminal. The output terminals of the first, second, and third state evaluation results are connected to the input terminal of a key feature information fusion module, which in turn is connected to the cable status information output display module.

[0039] Furthermore, the cable comprehensive condition assessment device that integrates multi-field coupling information evaluates the cable condition by using temperature / humidity, vibration, current, electromagnetic field and sound field multi-physical field coupling information respectively. Then, it inputs the temperature / humidity, vibration, current and multi-field coupling information condition assessment results into the key feature information fusion module, and then outputs them through the cable condition information output and display module to realize the comprehensive assessment of the cable condition.

[0040] Beneficial effects:

[0041] Unlike traditional partial discharge detection methods such as pulsed current, high-frequency, ultrasonic, and oscillating wave methods, this invention starts from the mechanism of abnormal acoustic signals generated by changes in the structural and electrical characteristic parameters of defects and fault types under the action of pulsed magnetic fields or currents. It utilizes the thermal acoustic source, force acoustic source, and acoustic signal characteristics of cable defects, combined with temperature and vibration information. After assessing the cable condition using temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasound, acoustic source, and electrical characteristic parameter information, it fuses key feature information from temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasound, acoustic source, and electrical characteristic parameter information to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the cable condition. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cable comprehensive condition assessment device for multi-field coupling information fusion according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 The diagram shows the form and arrangement of the ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array of the present invention; the upper left diagram shows the first arrangement, the lower left diagram shows the second arrangement, the upper right diagram shows the third arrangement, and the lower right diagram shows the fourth arrangement. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0045] This invention utilizes an excitation coil arranged on a cable to generate a pulsed magnetic field under the action of an excitation source. When the cable contains sharp points or burrs, thin air gaps, bubble defects, impurities, or when its insulation properties or structure change, discontinuities in the dielectric are caused, resulting in changes in dielectric information and electric field distribution. Both the pulsed excitation magnetic field generated by the excitation coil and partial discharge in the cable will excite thermal or force-based sound sources, further generating ultrasonic signals. Simultaneously, temperature or vibration anomalies will occur. Ultrasonic signals are detected using ultrasonic sensors or arrays arranged around the cable. Through the detection, acquisition, and data processing of the excitation pulse current and ultrasonic signals, the sound source distribution or electrical characteristic parameter distribution is inverted to obtain the cable's structural or electrical characteristic change characteristics. Simultaneously, a pulse current transformer is used to detect the pulse current signal during partial discharge, a temperature / humidity sensor is used to detect the cable's temperature distribution and ambient temperature and humidity characteristics, and a vibration sensor is used to detect vibration information generated during cable faults. After acquiring and processing the detected ultrasonic signals, pulse current signals, temperature / humidity information, and vibration information, condition assessments are performed separately. Finally, key feature information is fused to obtain the cable's condition characteristics.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cable comprehensive condition assessment method based on multi-field coupling information fusion of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0047] An excitation coil positioned above the cable applies a pulsed magnetic field to the cable under the action of an excitation source;

[0048] Ultrasonic sensors or arrays of ultrasonic sensors placed around the cable detect ultrasonic signals generated by pulsed magnetic fields or partial discharge acting on the cable. The detected ultrasonic signals are then processed through signal amplification, bandpass filtering, and data acquisition. A pulsed current transformer detects the pulsed current signal flowing through the excitation coil and the current signal of the cable grounding wire. The detected signals are then conditioned and acquired. The acquired ultrasonic and current signals are stored and analyzed. The signals are then used to reconstruct the sound source image based on the time-reversal method. Further reconstruction from the sound source image to the electrical characteristic parameter image is then carried out for condition assessment.

[0049] Temperature / humidity sensors detect changes in cable temperature and ambient temperature and humidity characteristics. After data acquisition and preprocessing, a state assessment based on fuzzy theory is performed.

[0050] Vibration sensors detect cable vibration information, and after data acquisition and preprocessing, a state assessment based on fuzzy theory is performed.

[0051] After assessing the cable's condition using images of reconstructed sound sources and electrical characteristics based on temperature / humidity, vibration, current, and ultrasonic signals, key feature information is fused, and the cable's condition information is output and displayed to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the cable's condition.

[0052] The process of generating the ultrasonic signal is as follows: An excitation coil arranged above the cable is excited by an excitation source to generate a pulsed magnetic field. This pulsed magnetic field excites the cable. When the cable contains sharp points or burrs, thin air gaps, bubble defects, impurities, or when its insulation properties or structure change, discontinuities in the dielectric are caused, resulting in changes in dielectric information and electric field distribution. Under the excitation of the pulsed magnetic field and partial discharge in the cable, both thermal or force sources are excited, further generating ultrasonic signals. The generated ultrasonic signals are detected using ultrasonic sensors or an array of ultrasonic sensors arranged around the cable.

[0053] The excitation source generates a pulsed excitation magnetic field through the excitation coil. Simultaneously, partial discharge in the cable also generates pulsed excitation. Under these conditions, the cable produces ultrasonic signals. These signals are detected by an ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array. The obtained signals are then amplified and filtered by a signal amplification module before being sent to the third data acquisition module. Simultaneously, pulse current transformers A and B synchronously acquire the pulse current signals from the excitation coil and the cable grounding wire current signal. These signals are then processed by pulse current signal conditioning modules A and B before being sent to the fourth data acquisition module. The signals acquired by the third and fourth data acquisition modules are simultaneously sent to the data storage and signal analysis module, and then to the sound source image reconstruction module based on the time-reversal method and the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module, before being sent to the third state. The evaluation module obtains the third state evaluation result; the temperature / humidity sensor detects the cable temperature change and the ambient temperature and humidity characteristics. The data measured by the temperature / humidity sensor is sequentially processed by the first data acquisition module, the first data preprocessing module, and the first fuzzy theory state evaluation module to output the first state evaluation result; the vibration sensor synchronously detects the cable vibration information. The obtained data is sequentially processed by the second data acquisition module, the second data preprocessing module, and the second fuzzy theory state evaluation module to output the second state evaluation result; the first, second, and third state evaluation results are sent to the key feature information fusion module. The key feature information fusion module performs key feature information fusion on temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasonic information, sound source, and electrical characteristic parameter information, and then sends it to the cable state information output and display module to realize a comprehensive evaluation of the cable state.

[0054] Specifically, the sound source image reconstruction using the time-reversal method is based on the relationship between the ultrasonic signal sound pressure and the spatial distribution of the sound source, as shown in equation (1) or equation (2):

[0055] (1)

[0056] (2)

[0057] in, For the spatial distribution of sound sources, It is the plane where the ultrasonic transducer is located. Indicates the location of the ultrasonic transducer. It is the source of the sound. Location The normal vector, For isobaric specific heat capacity, The coefficient of volumetric expansion. This represents the first-order time derivative. express The second time derivative, For sound pressure, The speed of sound.

[0058] The reconstruction of the sound source image into an electrical characteristic parameter image is achieved by either a direct solution method or an iterative solution method. The direct solution method can be obtained from equation (3) or equation (4):

[0059] (3)

[0060] in, For electrical characteristic parameters, conductivity, For electric field strength, and These are the scalar potential space term and the first-order vector magnetic potential space term, respectively. For the Laplace operator, This represents the spatial distribution of sound sources.

[0061] (4)

[0062] in, Resistivity is an electrical characteristic parameter. For induced current, For one magnetic field, Indicates the location of the sound source.

[0063] The iterative solution method uses the difference between the sound sources obtained from measurement and simulation calculations to construct an objective function. The objective function is minimized through iteration, and finally the electrical characteristic parameters of the cable target body are obtained.

[0064] Specifically, the excitation source is composed of a synchronous trigger controller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an energy storage module, a discharge switch, and a load matching module connected in sequence. The synchronous trigger controller controls the signal generator to generate a trigger signal, which is amplified by the power amplifier and sent to the energy storage module. The discharge switch controls the impedance matching through the load matching module, and the pulse current passes through the excitation coil to generate a pulse magnetic field, which acts on the cable.

[0065] Specifically, the ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is arranged around the cable, with its output connected to the input of a signal amplification module. The output of the signal amplification module is connected to the input of a bandpass filter module, and the output of the bandpass filter module is connected to the input of a third data acquisition module. The output of the third data acquisition module is connected to a data storage and signal analysis module. The pulse current transformer A and pulse current transformer B synchronously acquire the pulse current excitation signal flowing through the excitation coil and the cable grounding wire current signal. The outputs of pulse current transformer A and pulse current transformer B are respectively connected to the inputs of pulse current signal conditioning module A and pulse current signal conditioning module B. The outputs of pulse current signal conditioning module A and pulse current signal conditioning module B are connected to the input of a fourth data acquisition module, and the output of the fourth data acquisition module is connected to a data storage module. The system includes a signal analysis module; a data storage and signal analysis module analyzes the acquired ultrasonic and current signals; the output of the data storage and signal analysis module is connected to the input of the third state assessment module and the input of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module; the output of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module is connected to the input of the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module; the outputs of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module and the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module are connected to the input of the third state assessment module; the output of the third state assessment module is connected to the input of the third state assessment result; the output of the third state assessment result is connected to the input of the key feature information fusion module; and the output of the key feature information fusion module is connected to the input of the cable status information output display module.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, the cable comprehensive condition assessment device for multi-field coupling information fusion of the present invention includes an excitation source, an excitation coil, a temperature and humidity detection system, a vibration detection system, an ultrasonic signal detection system, a pulse current acquisition system, and a key feature information fusion system.

[0067] The excitation source, consisting of a synchronous trigger controller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an energy storage module, a discharge switch, and a load matching module connected in sequence, is used to apply a pulsed magnetic field to the cable through the excitation coil.

[0068] The temperature and humidity detection system consists of a temperature / humidity sensor, a first data acquisition module, a first data preprocessing module, a first fuzzy theory state evaluation module, and a first state evaluation result connected in sequence. It is used to detect cable temperature changes and ambient temperature and humidity characteristics and to complete state evaluation.

[0069] The vibration detection system consists of a vibration sensor, a second data acquisition module, a second data preprocessing module, a second fuzzy theory state assessment module, and a second state assessment result connected in sequence. It is used to detect cable vibration information and complete state assessment.

[0070] The ultrasonic signal detection system consists of an ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array, a signal amplification module, a bandpass filter module, a third data acquisition module, a data storage and signal analysis module, and a third state assessment module connected in sequence. It also includes a sound source image reconstruction module based on the time-reversal method and a sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module. It is used to detect ultrasonic signals generated by pulsed magnetic fields or partial discharge acting on cables, and to perform current and ultrasonic signal analysis, sound source and electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction, and complete state assessment.

[0071] The pulse current acquisition system consists of pulse current transformer A, pulse current transformer B, pulse current signal conditioning module A, pulse current signal conditioning module B, and a fourth data acquisition module. It is used to acquire the pulse current excitation signal flowing through the excitation coil and the current signal of the cable grounding wire, and send the acquisition results to the data storage and signal analysis module. Together with the ultrasonic signal detection system, it realizes current signal analysis, image reconstruction, and status assessment.

[0072] The key feature information fusion system consists of a key feature information fusion module and a cable status information output and display module. The input end of the key feature information fusion module is connected to the output ends of the first, second, and third status evaluation results. The output end of the key feature information fusion module is connected to the input end of the cable status information output and display module. It is used to perform key feature information fusion on temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasonic signals, and reconstructed sound source and electrical characteristic parameter image information and output the comprehensive status characteristics of the cable. The sound source and electrical characteristic parameter image information reconstructed from the ultrasonic signal is the multi-field coupling information.

[0073] Specifically, the excitation source and excitation coil are arranged outside the cable. The excitation source consists of a synchronous trigger controller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an energy storage module, a discharge switch, and a load matching module connected in sequence. The synchronous trigger controller controls the signal generator to generate a trigger signal, which is amplified by the power amplifier and sent to the energy storage module. The discharge switch controls the impedance matching through the load matching module, and the pulse current passes through the excitation coil to generate a pulsed magnetic field, which acts on the cable. The ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is arranged around the cable, with its output connected to the input of the signal amplification module and its output connected to a bandpass filter module. The input terminal of the bandpass filter module is connected to the input terminal of the third data acquisition module, and the output terminal of the third data acquisition module is connected to the input terminal of the data storage and signal analysis module. The pulse current transformers A and B synchronously acquire the pulse current excitation signal flowing through the excitation coil and the cable grounding wire current signal. The output terminals of pulse current transformers A and B are respectively connected to the input terminals of pulse current signal conditioning modules A and B. The output terminals of pulse current signal conditioning modules A and B are connected to the input terminal of the fourth data acquisition module, and the output terminal of the fourth data acquisition module is connected to the data storage and signal analysis module. The signal analysis module input terminal; the data storage and signal analysis module output terminal are connected to the input terminal of the third state evaluation module and the input terminal of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module. The output terminal of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module is connected to the input terminal of the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module. The output terminals of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module and the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module are connected to the input terminal of the third state evaluation module. The output terminal of the third state evaluation module is connected to the input terminal of the third state evaluation result. The temperature / humidity sensor is installed on or near the cable surface, and its output terminal is connected to the first data acquisition module. The system consists of three modules: a first data acquisition module (input terminal), a second data preprocessing module (output terminal), a third fuzzy theory state evaluation module (output terminal), and a cable status information output display module. The first data acquisition module's output terminal is connected to the first data preprocessing module's input terminal, which in turn is connected to the first fuzzy theory state evaluation module's input terminal. The vibration sensor, mounted on the cable surface or supporting structure, has its output terminal connected to the second data acquisition module's input terminal. The second data acquisition module's output terminal is connected to the second data preprocessing module's input terminal, which in turn is connected to the second fuzzy theory state evaluation module's input terminal. The output terminals of the first, second, and third state evaluation results are connected to the input terminal of a key feature information fusion module, which in turn is connected to the cable status information output display module.

[0074] After assessing the cable's condition using multi-physics field coupling information (temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasound, electromagnetic field, and sound field), the results of the multi-field coupling information (temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasound, sound source, and electrical characteristic parameters) are input into the key feature information fusion module. The results are then output through the cable condition information output and display module, achieving a comprehensive assessment of the cable's condition.

[0075] like Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the form and arrangement of an ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array. The form and arrangement of an ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array used to monitor ultrasonic signals excited by electromagnetic forces are as follows:

[0076] An ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is directly attached to the surface of the cable's outer sheath, joint, or terminal, and the propagation of the acoustic signal is enhanced by using a coupling agent; or the ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is scanned at a certain distance from the cable without contact.

[0077] like Figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic sensors or ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged and distributed as follows: ultrasonic sensors, or arc-shaped ultrasonic sensor arrays, or linear ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged in the four directions (upper left, upper right, lower left) of the radial section of the cable or cable accessory (upper left, upper right, lower left); in the axial section of the cable or cable accessory, multiple ultrasonic sensors or ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged at certain intervals in the axial direction, wherein multiple ultrasonic sensors or ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged radially at each radial section position (lower right). Figure 2 The top left image shows the first arrangement, the bottom left image shows the second arrangement, the top right image shows the third arrangement, and the bottom right image shows the fourth arrangement.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for comprehensive cable condition assessment based on multi-field coupled information fusion, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: An excitation coil positioned above the cable applies a pulsed magnetic field to the cable under the action of an excitation source; Ultrasonic sensors or arrays of ultrasonic sensors placed around the cable detect ultrasonic signals generated by pulsed magnetic fields or partial discharge acting on the cable, and process the detected ultrasonic signals through signal amplification, bandpass filtering and data acquisition. The pulse current transformer detects the pulse current signal flowing through the excitation coil and the current signal of the cable grounding wire. The detected signals are conditioned and acquired. The acquired ultrasonic and current signals are stored and analyzed. The signal is used to reconstruct the sound source image based on the time inversion method. Further reconstruction from the sound source image to the electrical characteristic parameter image is carried out for condition assessment. Temperature / humidity sensors detect changes in cable temperature and ambient temperature and humidity characteristics. After data acquisition and preprocessing, a state assessment based on fuzzy theory is performed. Vibration sensors detect cable vibration information, and after data acquisition and preprocessing, a state assessment based on fuzzy theory is performed. After assessing the cable's condition using images of sound sources and electrical characteristics reconstructed from temperature / humidity, vibration, current, and ultrasonic signals, key feature information is fused, and the cable's condition information is output and displayed to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the cable's condition. The process of generating the ultrasonic signal is as follows: an excitation coil arranged above the cable is excited by an excitation source to generate a pulsed magnetic field. The pulsed magnetic field excites the cable. When the cable contains sharp points or burrs, thin air gaps, bubble defects, impurities, or when the insulation performance or structure changes, the dielectric becomes discontinuous, resulting in changes in dielectric information and electric field distribution. Under the excitation of the pulsed magnetic field and partial discharge of the cable, a thermal sound source or a force sound source is excited, which further generates an ultrasonic signal. The generated ultrasonic signal is detected by an ultrasonic sensor or an ultrasonic sensor array arranged around the cable.

2. The cable comprehensive condition assessment method based on multi-field coupling information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation source generates a pulsed excitation magnetic field through the excitation coil. At the same time, the partial discharge of the cable also generates pulsed excitation. Under the conditions of the pulsed excitation magnetic field generated by the excitation coil and the partial discharge of the cable, the cable generates an ultrasonic signal. The ultrasonic signal is detected by an ultrasonic sensor or an ultrasonic sensor array. The obtained signal is sent to the third data acquisition module after passing through the signal amplification module and the bandpass filter module. Simultaneously, pulse current transformer A and pulse current transformer B synchronously acquire the pulse current signal in the excitation coil and the cable grounding wire current signal. The signals are sent to the fourth data acquisition module after passing through the pulse current signal conditioning module A and the pulse current signal conditioning module B. Signals acquired by the third and fourth data acquisition modules are simultaneously sent to the data storage and signal analysis module, then to the sound source image reconstruction module based on the time-reversal method and the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module, and finally to the third state assessment module and the third state assessment result. A temperature / humidity sensor detects cable temperature changes and ambient temperature and humidity characteristics. The data measured by the temperature / humidity sensor is sequentially processed by the first data acquisition module, the first data preprocessing module, and the first fuzzy theory state assessment module, outputting the first state assessment result. A vibration sensor synchronously detects cable vibration information. The obtained data is sequentially processed by the second data acquisition module, the second data preprocessing module, and the second fuzzy theory state assessment module, outputting the second state assessment result. The first, second, and third state assessment results are sent to the key feature information fusion module. This module fuses key feature information from temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasonic information, sound source, and electrical characteristic parameter information, and then sends the results to the cable state information output and display module to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the cable state.

3. The cable comprehensive condition assessment method based on multi-field coupling information fusion according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that, The sound source image reconstruction using the time-reversal method is based on the relationship between the sound pressure of the ultrasonic signal and the spatial distribution of the sound source, as shown in equation (1) or equation (2): （1） （2） in, For the spatial distribution of sound sources, It is the plane where the ultrasonic transducer is located. Indicates the location of the ultrasonic transducer. It is the sound source Location The normal vector, For isobaric specific heat capacity, The coefficient of volume expansion. Represents the first-order time derivative. express The second time derivative, For sound pressure, Speed ​​of sound; The reconstruction of the sound source image into an electrical characteristic parameter image is achieved by either a direct solution method or an iterative solution method. The direct solution method is obtained by equation (3) or equation (4): （3） in, For electrical characteristic parameters, conductivity, For electric field strength, and These are the scalar potential space term and the first-order vector magnetic potential space term, respectively. For the Laplace operator, The spatial distribution of sound sources; （4） in, Resistivity is an electrical characteristic parameter. For induced current, For one magnetic field, Indicates the location of the sound source; The iterative solution method uses the difference between the sound sources obtained from measurement and simulation calculations to construct an objective function. The objective function is minimized through iteration, and finally the electrical characteristic parameters of the cable target body are obtained.

4. The cable comprehensive condition assessment method based on multi-field coupling information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation source is composed of a synchronous trigger controller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an energy storage module, a discharge switch, and a load matching module connected in sequence. The synchronous trigger controller controls the signal generator to generate a trigger signal, which is amplified by the power amplifier and sent to the energy storage module. The discharge switch controls the impedance matching through the load matching module, and the pulse current passes through the excitation coil to generate a pulse magnetic field, which acts on the cable.

5. The cable comprehensive condition assessment method based on multi-field coupling information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is arranged around the cable. Its output is connected to the input of a signal amplification module, the output of which is connected to the input of a bandpass filter module. The output of the bandpass filter module is connected to the input of a third data acquisition module, and the output of the third data acquisition module is connected to a data storage and signal analysis module. The pulse current transformers A and B synchronously acquire the pulse current excitation signal flowing through the excitation coil and the cable grounding wire current signal. The outputs of pulse current transformers A and B are respectively connected to the inputs of pulse current signal conditioning modules A and B. The outputs of pulse current signal conditioning modules A and B are connected to the input of a fourth data acquisition module, and the output of the fourth data acquisition module is connected to a data storage and signal analysis module. The first analysis module; the data storage and signal analysis module analyzes the acquired ultrasonic and current signals. The output of the data storage and signal analysis module is connected to the input of the third state assessment module and the input of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module. The output of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module is connected to the input of the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module. The outputs of the time-reversal-based sound source image reconstruction module and the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module are connected to the input of the third state assessment module. The output of the third state assessment module is connected to the input of the third state assessment result. The output of the third state assessment result is connected to the input of the key feature information fusion module. The output of the key feature information fusion module is connected to the input of the cable status information output display module.

6. The cable comprehensive condition assessment method based on multi-field coupling information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array used for monitoring ultrasonic signals of electromagnetic excitation has the following form and arrangement: An ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is directly attached to the surface of the cable's outer sheath, joint, or terminal, and the propagation of the acoustic signal is enhanced by using a coupling agent; or the ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is scanned at a certain distance from the cable without contact.

7. The cable comprehensive condition assessment method based on multi-field coupling information fusion according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ultrasonic sensors or ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged and distributed as follows: ultrasonic sensors, or arc-shaped ultrasonic sensor arrays, or linear ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged in the four directions of the radial section of the cable or cable accessory, respectively; in the axial section of the cable or cable accessory, multiple ultrasonic sensors or ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged in the axial direction at certain intervals, wherein multiple ultrasonic sensors or ultrasonic sensor arrays are arranged radially at each radial section position.

8. A cable comprehensive condition assessment device based on multi-field coupled information fusion, characterized in that, It includes an excitation source, an excitation coil, a temperature and humidity detection system, a vibration detection system, an ultrasonic signal detection system, a pulse current acquisition system, and a key feature information fusion system; The excitation source, consisting of a synchronous trigger controller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an energy storage module, a discharge switch, and a load matching module connected in sequence, is used to apply a pulsed magnetic field to the cable through the excitation coil. The temperature and humidity detection system consists of a temperature / humidity sensor, a first data acquisition module, a first data preprocessing module, a first fuzzy theory state evaluation module, and a first state evaluation result connected in sequence. It is used to detect cable temperature changes and ambient temperature and humidity characteristics and to complete state evaluation. The vibration detection system consists of a vibration sensor, a second data acquisition module, a second data preprocessing module, a second fuzzy theory state assessment module, and a second state assessment result connected in sequence. It is used to detect cable vibration information and complete state assessment. The ultrasonic signal detection system consists of an ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array, a signal amplification module, a bandpass filter module, a third data acquisition module, a data storage and signal analysis module, a third state assessment module, and a third state assessment result connected in sequence. It also includes a sound source image reconstruction module based on time reversal method and a sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module. It is used to detect ultrasonic signals generated by pulsed magnetic fields or partial discharge acting on cables, and to perform current and ultrasonic signal analysis, sound source and electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction, and complete state assessment. The pulse current acquisition system consists of pulse current transformer A, pulse current transformer B, pulse current signal conditioning module A, pulse current signal conditioning module B, and a fourth data acquisition module. It is used to acquire the pulse current excitation signal flowing through the excitation coil and the current signal of the cable grounding wire, and send the acquisition results to the data storage and signal analysis module. Together with the ultrasonic signal detection system, it realizes current signal analysis, image reconstruction, and status assessment. The key feature information fusion system consists of a key feature information fusion module and a cable status information output and display module. The input end of the key feature information fusion module is connected to the output ends of the first, second, and third status evaluation results. The output end of the key feature information fusion module is connected to the input end of the cable status information output and display module. It is used to perform key feature information fusion on temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasonic signals, and reconstructed sound source and electrical characteristic parameter image information and output the comprehensive status characteristics of the cable. The sound source and electrical characteristic parameter image information reconstructed from the ultrasonic signal is the multi-field coupling information.

9. The cable comprehensive condition assessment device for multi-field coupling information fusion according to claim 8, characterized in that, The excitation source and excitation coil are arranged outside the cable. The excitation source consists of a synchronous trigger controller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, an energy storage module, a discharge switch, and a load matching module connected in sequence. The synchronous trigger controller controls the signal generator to generate a trigger signal, which is amplified by the power amplifier and sent to the energy storage module. The discharge switch controls the impedance matching through the load matching module, and the pulsed current passes through the excitation coil to generate a pulsed magnetic field, which acts on the cable. The ultrasonic sensor or ultrasonic sensor array is arranged around the cable. Its output is connected to the input of the signal amplification module, the output of the signal amplification module is connected to the input of the bandpass filter module, and the output of the bandpass filter module is connected to the third data acquisition module. The input terminal of the block and the output terminal of the third data acquisition module are connected to the input terminal of the data storage and signal analysis module. The pulse current transformers A and B synchronously acquire the pulse current excitation signal flowing through the excitation coil and the cable grounding current signal. The output terminals of pulse current transformers A and B are respectively connected to the input terminals of pulse current signal conditioning modules A and B. The output terminals of pulse current signal conditioning modules A and B are connected to the input terminal of the fourth data acquisition module. The output terminal of the fourth data acquisition module is connected to the input terminal of the data storage and signal analysis module. The output terminal of the data storage and signal analysis module is connected to the input terminal of the third state evaluation module and the input terminal of the module based on... The input and output of the time-reversal method-based sound source image reconstruction module are connected to the input of the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module. The outputs of both the time-reversal method-based sound source image reconstruction module and the sound source image to electrical characteristic parameter image reconstruction module are connected to the input of the third state evaluation module. The output of the third state evaluation module is connected to the input of the third state evaluation result. The temperature / humidity sensor is installed on or near the cable surface, and its output is connected to the input of the first data acquisition module. The output of the first data acquisition module is connected to the input of the first data preprocessing module. The output of the first data preprocessing module is connected to the state evaluation of the first fuzzy theory. The module input terminal and the output terminal of the first fuzzy theory state evaluation module are connected to the first state evaluation result input terminal; the vibration sensor is installed on the cable surface or support structure, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the second data acquisition module. The output terminal of the second data acquisition module is connected to the input terminal of the second data preprocessing module. The output terminal of the second data preprocessing module is connected to the input terminal of the second fuzzy theory state evaluation module. The output terminal of the second fuzzy theory state evaluation module is connected to the second state evaluation result input terminal; the output terminals of the first, second, and third state evaluation results are connected to the input terminal of the key feature information fusion module. The output terminal of the key feature information fusion module is connected to the cable state information output display module.

10. The cable comprehensive condition assessment device based on multi-field coupling information fusion according to claim 8, characterized in that, After assessing the cable's condition using multi-physics field coupling information of temperature / humidity, vibration, current, electromagnetic field, and acoustic field, the condition assessment results of the multi-field coupling information of temperature / humidity, vibration, current, ultrasound, sound source, and electrical characteristic parameters are input into the key feature information fusion module, and then output through the cable condition information output and display module to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the cable's condition.

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