Valve assembly for ophthalmic surgical cartridge

Abstract

Certain embodiments disclosed herein provide a surgical cassette that includes a housing, one or more retention rings coupled to the housing, and one or more valve assemblies coupled to the housing by the one or more retention rings. The one or more valve assemblies are configured to control fluid communication between the one or more passages within the housing. Each valve assembly includes a valve body having a first end with a first shoulder, a second end with a second shoulder, a cylindrical surface connecting the first and second shoulders, and an upper valve elastomer. The upper valve elastomer includes a first side configured to engage with the first shoulder of the valve body and a second side configured to engage with the retention ring to facilitate fluid sealing at the base of the housing.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 594,906 (filed October 31, 2023), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Background Technology

[0002] Cataract surgery involves removing the cataracted lens and replacing it with an artificial lens (IOL). Cataract lens removal is typically achieved by breaking the lens and aspirating the fragments out of the eye. The lens can be broken using instruments such as phacoemulsification probes, laser probes, or other suitable devices. During the procedure, the probe breaks the lens, and the fragments are aspirated out of the eye through, for example, a hollow needle or cannula. Throughout the procedure, irrigation fluid is pumped into the eye to maintain intraocular pressure (IOP) and prevent eye collapse.

[0003] During cataract surgery, a surgical cartridge having one or more peristaltic pumps and / or venturi pumps, as well as one or more valve assemblies, can be operatively coupled to the fluid control module of the surgical console and used to facilitate the aforementioned aspiration and perfusion functions. Typically, one or more valve assemblies of the surgical cartridge are operable to control the application of flow generated by the one or more peristaltic pumps during the surgical procedure.

[0004] However, conventional surgical boxes have many significant drawbacks, including relatively tight sealing tolerances, relatively high torque required for valve operation, limited flow capacity, inability to maintain a secure connection with the surgical console, relatively high manufacturing costs and complexity, and redundancy issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure generally relates to ophthalmic surgical kits, valve assemblies used in ophthalmic surgical kits, and methods of using them.

[0006] In some embodiments, a surgical case for use in ophthalmic surgery is provided. The surgical case includes a housing having: a partition separating a first surface of the housing from a second surface of the housing; one or more ports formed in the first surface of the housing; and one or more corresponding channels abutting the second surface of the housing and in fluid communication with the one or more ports. The surgical case includes one or more valve assemblies coupled to the housing and configured to control fluid communication between one or more channels of the housing. Each of the one or more valve assemblies includes a valve body and an upper valve elastomer having a first end with a first shoulder, a second end with a second shoulder, and a cylindrical surface connecting the first and second shoulders. The upper valve elastomer includes a first side configured to engage with the first shoulder of the valve body and a second side configured to engage with a retaining ring to facilitate a fluid seal at the base of the housing. The valve body is rotatable about a first axis orthogonal to the first end and relative to the first surface of the housing to align one or more passages with one or more ports of the housing to open fluid communication between the one or more corresponding channels. A drive interface is formed on the first end of the valve body, which is configured to engage a drive mechanism for rotating the valve body.

[0007] In some embodiments, a surgical cartridge for use in ophthalmic surgery is provided. The surgical cartridge includes a housing having: a partition separating a first surface of the housing from a second surface of the housing; one or more ports formed in the first surface of the housing; and one or more corresponding channels adjacent to the second surface of the housing and in fluid communication with the one or more ports. The surgical cartridge includes one or more valve assemblies coupled to the housing and configured to control fluid communication between one or more channels of the housing. Each of the one or more valve assemblies includes a valve body and a biasing member having a first end with a first shoulder, a second end with a second shoulder, and a cylindrical surface connecting the first and second shoulders. The biasing member is disposed along the cylindrical surface of the valve body and configured to engage with a retaining ring to facilitate a fluid seal at the base of the housing. The valve body is rotatable about a first axis orthogonal to the first end and relative to the first surface of the housing to align one or more passages with one or more ports of the housing to open fluid communication between the one or more corresponding channels. A drive interface is formed on the first end of the valve body, which is configured to engage a drive mechanism for rotating the valve body.

[0008] In some embodiments, a surgical case for use in ophthalmic surgery is provided. The surgical case includes a housing having: a partition separating a first surface of the housing from a second surface of the housing; one or more ports formed in the first surface of the housing; and one or more corresponding channels adjacent to the second surface of the housing and in fluid communication with the one or more ports. The surgical case includes one or more valve assemblies coupled to the housing and configured to control fluid communication between one or more channels of the housing. Each of the one or more valve assemblies includes a valve body, a first sealing mechanism, and a second sealing mechanism. The valve body has a first end with a first shoulder, a second end with a second shoulder, and a cylindrical surface connecting the first and second shoulders. The first sealing mechanism is configured to engage a retention ring to facilitate a seal at the base of the housing. The second sealing mechanism is configured to provide a seal at the base of the housing. The valve body is rotatable about a first axis orthogonal to the first end and relative to the first surface of the housing to align one or more passages with one or more ports of the housing to open fluid communication between the one or more corresponding channels. A drive interface is formed on the first end of the valve body, which is configured to engage a drive mechanism for rotating the valve body.

[0009] The following description and accompanying drawings illustrate certain illustrative features of one or more embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The accompanying drawings depict certain aspects of one or more of the disclosed embodiments and should therefore not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0011] Figure 1A An example of an ophthalmic surgical system that can be used to perform ophthalmic surgery on the eye, according to certain embodiments, is illustrated.

[0012] Figure 1B According to certain embodiments Figure 1A An example of a subsystem of the console of an ophthalmic surgical system.

[0013] Figure 2A This is a rear isometric view of an example surgical box that can be operatively coupled to a console of an ophthalmic surgical system according to certain embodiments.

[0014] Figure 2B According to certain embodiments Figure 2A Rear elevation view of the surgical box.

[0015] Figure 2C According to certain embodiments Figure 2A An isometric view of the exploded front side of the surgical box.

[0016] Figure 2D According to certain embodiments Figure 2A An isometric view of the disassembled rear side of the surgical box.

[0017] Figure 2E According to certain embodiments Figure 2A Front elevation view of the base of the surgical box.

[0018] Figures 3A to 3B These are, respectively, according to certain embodiments Figure 2A The enlarged exploded front isometric view and enlarged exploded rear isometric view of a portion of the surgical box, illustrating an example valve assembly with an upper valve elastomer.

[0019] Figure 4A This is an isometric top view of an example valve assembly having an upper valve elastomer according to certain embodiments.

[0020] Figure 4B The illustration shows a representation according to certain embodiments. Figure 4A Isometric view of the bottom side of the valve assembly as seen in the image.

[0021] Figure 4C The illustration shows a representation according to certain embodiments. Figure 4A The image shows a bottom-view perspective of the valve assembly.

[0022] Figure 4D The illustration shows a representation according to certain embodiments. Figure 4A The image shows a top-view perspective of the valve assembly.

[0023] Figure 4E The illustration shows a representation according to certain embodiments. Figure 4A The cross-sectional side view of the valve assembly seen in the image.

[0024] Figure 5A The illustration shows a configuration according to certain embodiments. Figure 2A The surgical box Figures 4A to 4E The cross-sectional side view of the valve assembly seen in the image.

[0025] Figure 5B yes Figure 5A An enlarged view illustrating a cross-sectional view of the upper valve elastomer of a valve assembly according to certain embodiments.

[0026] Figures 6A to 6B These are, respectively, according to certain embodiments Figure 2A The enlarged exploded front isometric view and enlarged exploded rear isometric view of a portion of the surgical box, illustrating another example valve assembly with a biasing member.

[0027] Figure 7A This is an isometric top-side view of an example valve assembly with a biasing member according to certain embodiments.

[0028] Figure 7B The illustration shows a representation according to certain embodiments. Figure 7A Isometric view of the bottom side of the valve assembly as seen in the image.

[0029] Figure 7C The illustration shows a representation according to certain embodiments. Figure 7A The image shows a bottom-view perspective of the valve assembly.

[0030] Figure 7D The illustration shows a representation according to certain embodiments. Figure 7A The image shows a top-view perspective of the valve assembly.

[0031] Figure 7E The illustration shows a representation according to certain embodiments. Figure 7A The cross-sectional side view of the valve assembly seen in the image.

[0032] Figure 8A The illustration shows a configuration according to certain embodiments. Figure 2A The surgical box Figures 7A to 7E The cross-sectional side view of the valve assembly seen in the image.

[0033] Figure 8B yes Figure 8A An enlarged view illustrating a cross-sectional view of the biasing member of a valve assembly according to certain embodiments.

[0034] Figures 9A to 9B According to certain embodiments Figure 2A The front elevation view of a portion of the surgical box illustrates two different valve positions.

[0035] To facilitate understanding, the same reference numerals are used where possible to refer to common elements in the figures. It is contemplated that elements and features of one embodiment can be advantageously combined in other embodiments without further description. Detailed Implementation

[0036] This disclosure generally relates to ophthalmic surgical kits, valve assemblies used in ophthalmic surgical kits, and methods of using them.

[0037] Certain embodiments disclosed herein provide valve assemblies for surgical cartridges with improved sealing performance. Current valves for surgical cartridges typically have elastomeric seals located at one end (e.g., the lower end) of the valve, which interact with rigid material on or integrated with the surgical cartridge. When the valve is compressed, the elastomeric seals seal one or more ports or fluid passages of the surgical cartridge, partly due to the reaction force of the elastomeric seals in response to valve compression. However, the sealing force provided by the elastomeric seals may vary from surgical cartridge to surgical cartridge due to varying tolerances between each valve, elastomeric seal, and corresponding surgical cartridge. Furthermore, such sealing force may decrease over time due to compression set or stress relaxation (e.g., fatigue or loss of elasticity), typically due to prolonged periods of valve compression. This variability and / or reduction in valve sealing effectiveness can lead to a decrease in the overall performance and reliability of the surgical cartridge.

[0038] To overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, embodiments described herein disclose a valve assembly having both a lower valve elastomer and an upper valve elastomer, configured to fluidly seal the valve assembly at the base of the surgical cartridge housing. Because the sealing force is provided by elastomers located at both the lower and upper ends of the valve assembly, compression set and stress relaxation are less of a concern, and this sealing force can be maintained for a longer period, thereby contributing to an increase in the service life and / or lifespan of the surgical cartridge.

[0039] Furthermore, the dependence of such sealing force on the tolerances between the valve assembly, the elastomeric seal, and the corresponding surgical cartridge can be minimized. Even further, the elastomeric seal of the valve assembly provided by the embodiments disclosed herein offers greater design and material flexibility, at least in part, due to the separation of the sealing interface on the opposite lower end of the valve assembly from that of the second upper valve elastomeric seal. The improved sealing capability of the valve assembly described herein directly impacts the overall performance of the surgical cartridge, thereby enabling more accurate and consistent fluid movement, which is crucial for patient safety and surgical success during ophthalmic surgery.

[0040] Certain embodiments described herein provide a valve assembly having a valve body, a first sealing mechanism, and a second sealing mechanism. The valve body has a first end with a first shoulder, a second end with a second shoulder, and a cylindrical surface connecting the first and second shoulders. The first sealing mechanism is configured to engage a retaining ring to facilitate a seal at the base of the housing. As described herein, the "first sealing mechanism" includes an upper valve elastomer, a biasing member, or other mechanism suitable for facilitating a seal at the base of the housing. As an example, the "biasing member" may be a spring that can provide a biasing force (e.g., a downward force) to create a seal at the base of the housing. The second sealing mechanism is configured to provide a seal at the base of the housing and minimize bulging into the port at the base of the housing. As described herein, the "second sealing mechanism" includes a lower valve elastomer or other mechanism suitable for providing a seal at the base of the housing.

[0041] Figure 1A An example of an ophthalmic surgical system 10, which can be used to perform ophthalmic surgery on the eye according to certain embodiments, is illustrated. In the illustrated embodiment, system 10 includes a console 100 (also referred to as a "surgical console"), an interface device 107 (e.g., a foot pedal), and a handheld device 112. Console 100 includes a housing 102, a display screen 104, and a fluid control subsystem 110. Components of system 10 and console 100 may be as described in reference... Figure 1B The connection is shown and described in more detail.

[0042] Figure 1B The illustration shows some embodiments. Figure 1A An example subsystem of the console 100 of the ophthalmic surgery system 10. The console 100 includes a housing 102 that houses a computer 103 (with an associated display screen 104) and subsystems 106, 110, and 116 supporting an interface device 107 and handheld devices 112 (112a-c). The interface device 107 receives input to the console 100, sends output from the console 100, and / or processes input and / or output. Examples of the interface device 107 include a foot pedal, a manual input device (e.g., a keyboard), and a display. The interface subsystem 106 receives input from the interface device 107 and / or sends output to the interface device.

[0043] The fluid control subsystem 110 provides fluid control for one or more handheld devices 112 (112a-c). For example, the fluid control subsystem 110 can manage fluid for infusing the cannula. In some embodiments, the fluid control subsystem 110 can be operatively coupled to a surgical cartridge (e.g., Figures 2A to 2B(Surgical cartridge 200). For example, surgical cartridge 200 may be inserted into, attached to, and / or integrated with fluid control subsystem 110 via a coupling mechanism. The coupling mechanism may include one or more of a latching mechanism, a locking mechanism, or other similar coupling mechanisms. When fluid control subsystem 110 is operatively coupled to surgical cartridge 200, fluid control subsystem 110 may control the infusion and / or aspiration of fluid through surgical cartridge 200.

[0044] The handpiece 112 can be any suitable ophthalmic surgical instrument, such as an ultrasound-driven phacoemulsification (phaco) handpiece, a laser handpiece, an irrigation cannula, a vitrectomy handpiece, or another suitable surgical handpiece. A handpiece subsystem 116 supports one or more handpieces 112. For example, the handpiece subsystem 116 can manage the ultrasonic oscillations of the phaco handpiece, provide laser energy to the laser handpiece, control the operation of the irrigation cannula, and / or manage the features of the vitrectomy handpiece. A computer 103 controls the operation of the ophthalmic surgical system 10. In some embodiments, the computer 103 includes a controller that sends instructions to the components of the system 10 to control the system 10. A display screen 104 displays data provided by the computer 103.

[0045] Figure 2A It is a console that can be operatively connected to an ophthalmic surgical system according to certain embodiments (e.g., Figures 1A to 1B The illustration shows a rear isometric view of an example surgical cartridge 200 of the console 10 of the ophthalmic surgical system 10. For example, as described above, the surgical cartridge 200 can be operatively coupled to the fluid control subsystem 110 of the console 100. Figure 2B According to certain embodiments Figure 2A The rear elevation view of the surgical box 200. For clarity, this article will... Figures 2A to 2B Combined descriptions.

[0046] In some embodiments, the general operation of the surgical cartridge 200 is described in more detail in U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 175,589, filed April 16, 2021, entitled “Systems and Methods for Post-Occlusion Break Surge Mitigation,” the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety (other modes of operation of the surgical cartridge are also contemplated). The surgical cartridge 200 includes two pump assemblies 202 (202a-b) providing a pressure source and / or a vacuum source, and four valve assemblies 204 (204a-d) controlling pressure and / or fluid communication within the surgical cartridge 200. In some other embodiments, there may be only one pump assembly or more than two pump assemblies. In some other embodiments, there may be more or fewer than four valve assemblies (e.g., two to six valve assemblies).

[0047] In some embodiments, the surgical cartridge 200 is coupled to an external pressure source and / or vacuum source. In such embodiments, the external source may serve as an alternative to or supplement to the pump assembly 202.

[0048] The surgical cartridge 200 has a housing 205, which includes a base 206, a cover assembly 208 coupled to the base 206, and inlet / outlet ports 210 (210a-c) in the base 206, which provide pressure and / or fluid communication between the interior and exterior of the housing 205. In some embodiments, each port 210a-c corresponds to a corresponding component of the fluid control subsystem 110 and / or a corresponding handheld component 112a-c. Figures 1A to 1B Flow lines (e.g., pipe fittings) can also be connected between them.

[0049] In some embodiments, one of the first pump assembly 202a or the second pump assembly 202b provides a pressure source (e.g., to generate a driving force for fluid infusion), while the other of the first pump assembly 202a or the second pump assembly 202b provides a vacuum source (e.g., to generate a suction force for fluid aspiration). The first pump assembly 202a and the second pump assembly 202b may be peristaltic pumps or any other suitable type of pump for generating pressure and / or vacuum. In some embodiments, the first pump assembly 202a and the second pump assembly 202b are identical to each other.

[0050] Valve assembly 204 is coupled to base 206. Valve assembly 204 cooperatively functions to control pressure and / or fluid communication within and through the surgical cartridge 200. In the illustrated embodiment, the surgical cartridge 200 includes a first valve assembly 204a, a second valve assembly 204b, a third valve assembly 204c, and a fourth valve assembly 204d. As shown, in Figure 2AIn one embodiment, four valve assemblies 204 are arranged at the four corners of the housing 205, thereby surrounding two pump assemblies 202 arranged toward the center of the housing 205. However, in some other embodiments, the pump assemblies 202 and valve assemblies 204 may have any other suitable arrangement.

[0051] In some embodiments, valve assembly 204 can be operated to selectively direct fluid flow between one or more channels of housing 205, as described below. Figures 4A to 4E A more detailed description is provided below. Figures 7A to 7E Alternative valve assemblies that can be implemented in the surgical cartridge 200 are described in more detail. In some embodiments, a first valve assembly 204a and a third valve assembly 204c may be in pressure and / or fluid communication with a first pump assembly 202a and port 210a to provide suction (absorption) through port 210a during operation, and a second valve assembly 204b and a fourth valve assembly 204d may be in pressure and / or fluid communication with a second pump assembly 202b and port 210c to provide infusion (infusion) through port 210c during the same operation. In some embodiments, port 210b may be an auxiliary port for other operational purposes, such as repairing the surgical cartridge 200.

[0052] Pump assembly 202 and valve assembly 204 are located on the rear side 212 of base 206, which is Figures 2A to 2B As can be seen in the image. The cover assembly 208 is connected to the front side 214 of the base 206, which is opposite to the rear side 212. Figure 2C (As shown). In some embodiments, the cover assembly 208 may be welded, joined, or fastened to the base 206 using any suitable coupling mechanism. For example, the cover assembly 208 may be joined to the base 206 using solid-state welding techniques (e.g., ultrasonic welding, in which high-frequency ultrasonic vibrations are locally applied to working parts held together under pressure to produce a solid weld).

[0053] The rear side 212 of the base 206 is configured to dock with the control console 100 when the surgical cartridge 200 is attached to it. For example, the drive interface on the valve body of each valve assembly 204 can engage the corresponding drive mechanism of the control console 100 to rotate the corresponding valve body. The following will discuss... Figures 3A to 3B The valve body is described in more detail. In some embodiments, the drive mechanism is a direct-drive motor, which operates with lower torque and provides a faster valve response time compared to conventionally used geared drive motors. However, the embodiments described herein can use any suitable type of drive motor. The following will discuss... Figures 2C to 2D The components of the surgical box 200 are described in more detail.

[0054] Figure 2C According to certain embodiments Figure 2A An isometric view of the front side of the surgical box 200. Figure 2D According to certain embodiments Figure 2A An exploded rear isometric view of the surgical box 200. For clarity, this article will... Figures 2C to 2D Combined description. In the illustrated embodiment, the cover assembly 208 includes two separate pieces, including a first cover piece 208a (also referred to as the "cover") directly coupled to the front side 214 of the base 206 and a second cover piece 208b (also referred to as the "handle") coupled to the cover 208a. In some other embodiments, the cover assembly 208 may consist of only a single piece.

[0055] A plurality of channels 216 are formed in the housing 205. The channels 216 are arranged to provide multiple independent fluid paths between the pump assembly 202, the valve assembly 204, and the inlet / outlet port 210. Each channel 216 is longitudinally defined in a first direction parallel to the plane of the housing 205. Each channel 216 includes sidewalls 218 oriented perpendicular to the first direction, which enclose the corresponding channel 216 therebetween. Additionally, the depth of each channel 216 is defined in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction at the junction of the lower wall of the base 206 (also referred to as a "partition") (e.g., its front surface 222) and the inner surface 224 of the cover 208a. Figure 2D (as shown). Multiple channels 216 are formed between a first surface 226 formed on the front side 214 of the base 206 and a corresponding surface 228 extending from the inner surface 224 of the cover 208a. Figure 2D The contact between the two sides (as shown) is sealed off.

[0056] To achieve a seal, the first surface 226 and the corresponding surface 228 are shaped to include matching contours and assembled to ensure precise alignment between opposite sides. In some other embodiments, a plurality of channels 216 may be formed in the cover 208a instead of the base 206 and are sealingly enclosed by contact between the rear surface of the cover 208a and the corresponding front surface of the base 206. In some other embodiments, the base 206 and the cover 208a may be integrally formed as a single piece. In such embodiments, the base 206 and the cover 208a may be injection molded using a slider technique.

[0057] Four holes 230 (230a-d) are formed in the rear side 212 of the base 206 for receiving corresponding valve assemblies 204. Each hole 230 is defined by a cylindrical inner wall 232 (232a-d) and a first side 234 (234a-d). In some other embodiments, more or fewer than four holes may be present for each valve assembly. One or more ports (e.g., ...) are formed through the base 206. Figures 3A to 3B(The five ports shown). These ports connect the front surface 222 of the base 206 to the first side 234 opposite it. Each port corresponds to one of the plurality of channels 216 that are in contact with or adjacent to the front surface 222 of the base 206. The following will discuss... Figures 3A to 3B Describe these ports in more detail.

[0058] Each valve assembly 204 typically includes a valve body 236 (236a-d), an upper valve elastomer 253 (or a first sealing mechanism), and a lower valve elastomer 251 (or a second sealing mechanism). The upper valve elastomer 253 is configured to facilitate a fluid seal provided by the lower valve elastomer 251, which is configured to be disposed in a corresponding orifice 230. The valve body 236 is coupled to the housing via retaining rings 238 (238a-d), such that the valve body 236 and the retaining rings 238 are assembled together in a stacked arrangement. The valve body 236 is disposed between a first side 234 of the base 206 and the corresponding retaining ring 238.

[0059] The retaining ring 238 applies a sealing force to the corresponding valve body 236 to press the valve body 236 against the first side 234 of the base 206, as described in more detail below. In some other embodiments, instead of being defined within the base 206, each hole 230 may be defined within a corresponding retaining ring 238 fitted around the corresponding valve body 236. In some other embodiments, each valve body 236 may be rotatably coupled to the base 206 using a retaining cap. The retaining cap may be disposed through the valve body 236 (e.g., aligned with the longitudinal axis of the valve body 236). In such embodiments, each valve body 236 may be coupled to the base 206 without being disposed in the corresponding hole 230.

[0060] A Venturi reservoir 282 is disposed inside the housing 205 of the surgical cartridge 200, between the base 206 and the cover 208a. The Venturi reservoir 282 performs at least two main functions that are critical to the operation of the surgical cartridge 200. Typically, the Venturi reservoir 282 provides a vacuum source for fluid intake during Venturi operations and provides a fluid volume buffer for releasing vacuum pressure that may accumulate within the surgical cartridge 200 in the event of a surge following a closure failure.

[0061] Figure 2E This is a front elevation view of the base 206 according to some embodiments. Note that in... Figure 2E In the diagram, for illustrative purposes, some portions of the cover 208a and handle 208b are shown in dashed lines. Although some aspects of the Venturi reservoir 282 are... Figures 2C to 2D It is visible in the middle, but in some aspects... Figure 2E A clearer illustration will be provided. Therefore, for clarity, this article will... Figures 2C to 2E Combined descriptions.

[0062] The surgical cartridge 200 can be connected to an external vacuum source (e.g., a Venturi source) disposed in the console 100. Vacuum pressure from the external vacuum source is applied to the Venturi reservoir 282 through a vacuum port 283 in the cover 208a. In the illustrated embodiment, the vacuum port 283 is an elongated slot. In some embodiments, the vacuum pressure within the Venturi reservoir 282 is approximately 720 mmHg. In some embodiments, the maximum airflow through the vacuum port 283 is approximately 1.2 standard liters per minute. The external vacuum source is configured to apply vacuum pressure to the Venturi reservoir 282 via a vacuum flow path that runs from upstream to downstream through the vacuum port 283 in the cover 208a and into the handle 208b, where filtered air is returned through corresponding openings in the cover 208a and base 206 before reaching the external vacuum source. The vacuum flow path will be described in more detail below.

[0063] In some embodiments, an opening 284a in the rear side 212 of the base 206 is coupled to a vacuum port on the console 100 leading to an external vacuum source. An opening 284b in the cover 208a is aligned with the opening 284a in the base 206. The openings 284a-b are oriented in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the base 206. The openings 284a-b are in pressure communication between the external vacuum source and a capture reservoir 285 defined between the cover 208a and the handle 208b. The capture reservoir 285 is in fluid communication through an opening 286 with a filter 287 disposed between the cover 208a and the handle 208b. The capture reservoir 285 captures liquid leaking through the filter 287 and prevents leaked liquid from entering the vacuum source.

[0064] Filter 287 is in pressure communication between an external vacuum source and a vacuum port 283 in cover 208a. Compared to other designs, the location of filter 287 overlaps at least partially with the venturi reservoir 282, allowing for a more compact housing 205. The upstream side of filter 287 faces cover 208a. The downstream side of filter 287 faces handle 208b. Filter 287 is sealed to handle 208b to prevent liquid leakage around filter 287. Filter 287 allows air to pass from vacuum port 283 to the trap reservoir 285 in handle 208b while preventing liquid from passing to the downstream side of filter 287 and into the external vacuum source. In some embodiments, filter 287 is directly coupled (e.g., ultrasonically welded) to handle 208b. In some embodiments, filter 287 is hydrophobic and therefore impermeable to aqueous fluids.

[0065] In some cases, liquid can pass through vacuum port 283 and be trapped between cap 208a and the upstream side of filter 287. A filter drain hole 288 is provided through cap 208a at a location overlapping the lower end of filter 287. Filter drain hole 288 is in fluid communication between the upstream side of filter 287 and venturi reservoir 282 to drain trapped liquid back into venturi reservoir 282. Draining trapped liquid through filter drain hole 288 helps maintain the maximum usable filter area to achieve the maximum airflow through vacuum port 283. In some embodiments, filter drain hole 288 is much smaller in cross-sectional area than vacuum port 283 to prevent or reduce easy transfer of fluid contained in venturi reservoir 282 towards filter 287 through filter drain hole 288. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​filter drain hole 288 is about 10% or less of the cross-sectional area of ​​vacuum port 283.

[0066] The Venturi reservoir 282 includes a level sensor region 289 defined in a base 206. A vacuum port 283 is disposed above the level sensor region 289. The level sensor region 289 is positioned along the optical path of an infrared light sensor in the console 100, which is used to determine the fluid level in the Venturi reservoir 282. In some embodiments, the infrared light sensor is a single camera sensor or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensor. During normal operation, the nominal fluid level in the Venturi reservoir 282 lies between the lower and upper limits of the level sensor region 289. An opening corresponds to the level sensor region 289. The relatively small size or footprint of the level sensor region 289 compared to other designs allows for the use of a more compact housing 205.

[0067] In some embodiments, the Venturi reservoir 282 receives fluid aspirated through port 210a of the base 206. For example, the aspirated fluid may enter port 210a, flow through channel 216c to port 252d, and then enter the Venturi reservoir 282 through port 252e. Thus, port 252e is connected to the surgical handpiece 112 through port 210a of the base 206. Figure 1A The suction line (shown) is in fluid communication. Port 252e passes through base 206 and is located below level sensor area 289. Note the connection... Figures 9A to 9B In the valve description, ports 252d-e are also referred to as "the fourth port" and "the fifth port," respectively.

[0068] In some embodiments, the Venturi reservoir 282 receives fluid drawn in through port 292 on the front side of the handle 208b. For example, fluid may enter through port 292, flow through channel 293 in the handle 208b to port 294a in the base 206, and then enter the Venturi reservoir 282 through port 294b. Port 294b is positioned above the level sensor region 289 through the base 206. In some embodiments, the fluid entering the Venturi reservoir 282 through port 252e or port 294b comprises a mixture of liquid (e.g., BSS (balanced salt solution)) and air. In some other embodiments, the fluid is either liquid or air only. In some embodiments, the fluid flow rate is approximately 200 cc / min or less.

[0069] The presence of air bubbles in or near the level sensor region 289 can interfere with the accurate detection of the fluid level in the Venturi reservoir 282 because the bubbles obstruct the air-liquid interface. Therefore, in some embodiments, a plurality of air baffles 295 (295a-c) are provided within the Venturi reservoir 282 to divert air bubbles away from the level sensor region 289. The plurality of air baffles 295 are integral with the base 206 and contact the cover 208a when it is attached to the base 206. In some other embodiments, the plurality of air baffles 295 are integral with the cover 208a instead of the base 206.

[0070] The lower air baffle 295a is positioned above port 252e, and... Figure 2E It extends upwards and towards the viewer's left. The upper air baffle 295b is positioned below port 294b, and... Figure 2E The air baffles 295a-b extend downwards and toward the left side of the viewer. These air baffles 295a-b form corresponding channel-like structures within the Venturi reservoir 282, starting at corresponding ports 252e and 294b and ending on the left side of the Venturi reservoir 282. For example, the first channel 216a corresponds to the portion of the Venturi reservoir 282 below the lower air baffle 295a. The central air baffle 295c is located to the right of the corresponding ends of the air baffles 295a-b and extends from below and above the level sensor region 289. The position of the central air baffle 295c prevents air bubbles from passing through the level sensor region 289, even after the air bubbles have passed above the lower air baffle 295a and below the upper air baffle 295b, respectively.

[0071] The opening between the lower air baffle 295a and the central air baffle 295c provides a path for fluid balance on both sides of the central air baffle 295c, ensuring that the fluid level in the level sensor area 289 corresponds to the actual fluid level in the Venturi reservoir 282. The opening between the upper air baffle 295b and the central air baffle 295c provides a path for bubbles to flow from the left side of the central air baffle 295c to the vacuum port 283 without passing through the level sensor area 289.

[0072] A liquid baffle 296 is disposed within the Venturi reservoir 282, above the level sensor region 289. The liquid baffle 296 is configured to reduce or prevent liquid from entering the vacuum port 283 in the cover 208a, for example, during bubbling, foaming, or overflow of the liquid contained in the Venturi reservoir 282. Like the air baffle 295, the liquid baffle 296 is integral with the base 206 and contacts the cover 208a when it is attached to the base 206. The upper portion of the central air baffle 295c extends directly below the liquid baffle 296, preventing liquid falling from the liquid-air baffle 296 from entering the right side of the central air baffle 295c, thereby preventing it from passing through the level sensor region 289.

[0073] Figures 3A to 3B These are, respectively, according to certain embodiments Figure 2A An enlarged exploded front isometric view and an enlarged exploded rear isometric view of a portion of the surgical box 200, illustrating an example valve assembly 204c having an upper valve elastomer and a lower valve elastomer. Figures 4A to 4E Various views of the valve assembly 204c, which has an upper valve elastomer and a lower valve elastomer, are illustrated. Accordingly, for clarity, this document will... Figures 3A to 3B and Figures 4A to 4E Combined description. Although described and depicted as valve assembly 204c, it should be understood that... Figures 3A to 3B and Figures 4A to 4E The valve assembly in the middle can also be Figures 2A to 2D Examples of one or more of valve assemblies 204a, 204b and 204d depicted.

[0074] The valve body 236c of the third valve assembly 204c has a first end 240, a second end 242, a generally cylindrical outer surface 244 connecting the first end 240 and the second end 242, and a longitudinal axis 246 orthogonal to the first end 240. The cylindrical outer surface 244 includes a plurality of stepped portions with different external dimensions. In some embodiments, the cylindrical surface includes a base portion 245, which is separated from the drive interface 258 by a first shoulder 262 and from a collar portion 247 by a second shoulder 249, the collar portion 247 having a larger diameter relative to the base portion 245, such as... Figure 4EThe best view is as follows. In one embodiment, the diameter of the base portion 245 is, for example, about 13 mm and the longitudinal length is, for example, 5.21 mm, while the diameter of the collar portion is, for example, about 16 mm and the longitudinal length is, for example, 3.38 mm. The third shoulder 259 transitions from the collar portion 247 to the lower valve elastomer 251.

[0075] The valve body 236c is rotatable about a longitudinal axis 246. Two passages 248 (248a-b) are shown formed in the valve body 236c at the second end 242. However, in some embodiments, more or fewer passages 248 may be formed through the valve body 236c. Figure 3A In the illustrated embodiment, when measured in the circumferential direction around the longitudinal axis 246, the lengths of the first passage 248a and the second passage 248b are approximately equal (e.g., extending approximately 140° to 150° circumferentially around the longitudinal axis 246). In the illustrated embodiment, the size of each passage 248 is determined to simultaneously open fluid communication with both ports of the base 206, as described below regarding... Figures 9A to 9B More detailed description. In some other embodiments, the size of each passage 248 may be determined to simultaneously open fluid communication with any suitable number of ports (e.g., two, three, or four ports). In the illustrated embodiment, passage 248 includes an arcuate annular segment extending circumferentially around a longitudinal axis 246. In some embodiments, the cross-section of passage 248 may be circular, round, elliptical, polygonal, square, any other suitable shape, or a combination thereof.

[0076] The terminal of each passage 248 is defined through a first end 240 of the valve body 236c. In some embodiments, the central axis of each passage 248 at its terminal is parallel to the longitudinal axis 246. In some embodiments, at least a portion of each passage 248 (e.g., the portion between terminals) is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 246. In some embodiments, during manufacturing, the passages 248 are machined or formed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 246 (e.g., starting from the second end 242). In other words, when viewed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 246, the entire surface of each passage 248 is visible from the second end 242. In the illustrated embodiment, the passages 248 include equal flow areas. In some other embodiments, the passages 248 may have different flow areas. In some other embodiments, the valve body may have only one passage or more than two passages (e.g., 2 to 3 passages, 3 to 4 passages, 4 to 5 passages, or 5 to 6 passages).

[0077] like Figure 3BAs shown, five ports 252 are formed through the base 206. In operation, the valve body 236c is rotatable relative to a first side 234c of the base 206 to align each passage 248 with a corresponding port 252 (252a-e) of the base 206 to open pressure and / or fluid communication between corresponding passages in the plurality of channels 216. The flow axis through each port 252 is parallel to the longitudinal axis 246 of the valve body 236c. The shape of each port 252 may correspond to the cross-section of each passage 248 of the valve body 236c to help maintain laminar flow therethrough. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of each passage 248 may be formed by extending the shape of the corresponding port 252 to a swept surface through the valve body 236c.

[0078] In the illustrated embodiment, five ports 252 are formed within each aperture 230 through the base 206. However, any suitable number of ports (e.g., two to seven ports) may be present in each aperture 230. In the illustrated embodiment, the ports 252 include arcuate annular segments. In some other embodiments, the ports 252 may be circular, round, elliptical, polygonal, square, any other suitable shape, or a combination thereof. In the illustrated embodiment, the ports 252 have equal flow areas. In some other embodiments, the ports 252 may have different flow areas. In the illustrated embodiment, the ports 252 are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction. In some other embodiments, the circumferential spacing of the ports 252 may be different.

[0079] The retaining ring 238c has an annular body 254 with a central opening 256. The retaining ring 238c is fitted above and around the valve body 236c, such that the drive interface 258 of the valve body 236c ( Figure 3B The valve body 236c (shown) is received within the central opening 256. In some embodiments, the drive interface 258 engages the drive mechanism of the console 100 to rotate the valve body 236c about the longitudinal axis 246. The annular body 254 includes a plurality of stepped portions with different external dimensions. As an example, the annular body 254 has an outer diameter of approximately 18 mm (e.g., outer shoulder 260a) and an inner diameter of approximately 14 mm (e.g., inner shoulder 260b). At least one portion of the annular body 254 is radially disposed between the cylindrical outer surface 244 of the valve body 236c and the cylindrical inner wall 232c of the bore 230c. At least another portion of the annular body 254 is disposed outside the bore 230c. When the retaining ring 238c is fully disposed in the bore 230c, the outer shoulder 260a formed between the stepped portions of the annular body 254 contacts the rear side 212 of the base 206.

[0080] In some embodiments, the valve body 236c includes an orientation identification feature or a hard limiting feature that can be used to associate the rotational state of the valve body 236c with one of the base 206 or the retaining ring 238 to ensure proper alignment between the passage 248 and the corresponding port 252 during operation. Figures 3A to 3B In this design, the hard-stop feature includes a first profile 264 formed on the cylindrical outer surface 244 of the valve body 236c, which is configured to contact a corresponding second profile 266 formed on the annular body 254 of the retaining ring 238c. The contact between the first profile 264 and the corresponding second profile 266 prevents further rotation of the valve body 236c. Figure 3B As shown, the second profile 266 is provided in the corresponding recess 268 formed on the cylindrical inner wall 232c of the hole 230c, so that the rotational alignment of the retaining ring 238c is fixed relative to the base 206, which is necessary for the normal operation of the hard limiting feature.

[0081] To associate the rotational state of the valve body 236c with the retaining ring 238c using orientation recognition features, the valve body 236c can be rotated about the longitudinal axis 246 in a first direction (e.g., clockwise) until the first profile 264 contacts a first side of the second profile 266, at which point the first rotational state is recorded. Then, the valve body 236c can be rotated about the longitudinal axis 246 in the opposite second direction (e.g., counterclockwise) until the first profile 264 contacts an opposite second side of the second profile 266, at which point the second rotational state is recorded. Because the rotational alignment of the retaining ring 238c is fixed relative to the base 206 by inserting the second profile into the notch 268, the alignment between the passage 248 and the corresponding port 252 is precisely known in any rotational state between the first and second rotational states corresponding to the hard-stop feature. In some embodiments, the retaining ring 238 disclosed and described above with respect to the valve body 236c can also be used in conjunction with a single-pass valve body.

[0082] In some embodiments, valve assemblies 204a-204d may include a combination of a multi-pass valve body 236c and a single-pass valve body. For example, as Figure 2BThe first valve assembly 204a and the third valve assembly 204c may each include a multi-pass valve body 236c, each of which is in pressure and / or fluid communication with the first pump assembly 202a and port 210a to provide suction (absorption) and pressure relief, respectively, through port 210a during operation. The second valve assembly 204b and the fourth valve assembly 204d each include a single-pass valve body, each of which is in pressure and / or fluid communication with the second pump assembly 202b and port 210c to provide infusion (infusion) and bypass, respectively, through port 210c during the same operation.

[0083] Valve assembly 204c includes a first upper valve elastomer 253 (in Figure 4A (best visible in the middle), the first upper valve elastomer is disposed between the first end 240 of the valve body 236c and the retaining ring 238c. Figure 3B and Figures 5A to 5B (As shown). The upper valve elastomer 253 rotatably contacts the retaining ring 238c to facilitate a biasing force between the valve assembly 204c and the retaining ring 238c, which facilitates the fluid seal provided by the lower valve elastomer 251. The upper valve elastomer 253 has a first side 267 and a second side 265, the first side being configured to engage with a first shoulder 262 of the valve body 236c to attach the upper valve elastomer 253 to a first end 240 of the valve body 236c, and the second side being configured to movably engage with or slide against the retaining ring 238c. Figures 5A to 5B As shown in the best embodiment, the engagement or compression of the upper valve elastomer 253 against the first shoulder 262 of the retaining ring 238c and the valve body 236c generates opposing biasing forces in the direction toward the first side 234c of the base 206, such that the biasing forces promote fluid sealing at the base 206 of the housing 205.

[0084] In some embodiments, the first side 267 is fixedly or movably connected to the first shoulder 262 of the valve body 236c. In some embodiments, the upper valve elastomer 253 is formed of rubber or other elastomeric material (e.g., silicone rubber), which is bonded (e.g., overmolded) to the valve body 236c at the first end 240. In some other embodiments, the valve body 236c and the upper valve elastomer 253 may be integrally formed of the same material (e.g., high-density polyethylene, etc.). In some embodiments, when the valve assembly 204c is disposed in the hole 230c of the base 206 of the surgical cartridge 200 (e.g., assembled into the hole), the upper valve elastomer 253 is movably connected to or freely disposed against the first shoulder 262 of the valve body 236c.

[0085] Turn Figure 4EIn some embodiments, the first shoulder 262 of the valve body 236c includes a recessed portion 280 configured to engage and / or align with a corresponding protrusion 278 on a first side 267 of the upper valve elastomer 253 to attach the upper valve elastomer 253 to the valve body 236c. In some embodiments, the recessed portion 280 acts as an anchor that restrains the protrusion 278 when it is formed during an overmolding process to manufacture the upper valve elastomer 253 over the valve body 236c, thereby binding the upper valve elastomer 253 to the valve body 236c. In some embodiments, the recessed portion 280 may be continuously disposed or formed around the first shoulder 262. In such embodiments, gaps may exist between each edge (e.g., outer and inner edges) of the upper valve elastomer 253 and the first shoulder 262.

[0086] Other numbers and arrangements of recessed portions on the first shoulder 262 and / or protrusions on the upper valve elastomer 253 are also envisioned to anchor the upper valve elastomer 253 to the valve body 236c. For example, the first shoulder 262 of the valve body 236c may include one or more recessed portions (e.g., 3 to 4 recessed portions, 4 to 5 recessed portions, 6 to 7 recessed portions, or 7 to 8 recessed portions) such that the upper valve elastomer 253 may have a corresponding number of protrusions. Additionally, although the protrusions 278 of the upper valve elastomer 253 and the corresponding recesses 276 of the valve body 236c are in... Figure 4E The part is shown as a rectangle, but the protruding part and the corresponding recessed part can be a circle, triangle, trapezoid, any other suitable connecting shape or a combination thereof.

[0087] In some embodiments, some or all of the recesses 280 may be discontinuous, such that one or more individual recesses may be placed at locations on the first shoulder 262 (e.g., around the periphery of the first shoulder 262). For example, the first shoulder 262 of the valve body 236c may include one or more recesses (e.g., 2 to 3 recesses, 3 to 4 recesses, 4 to 5 recesses, or 5 to 6 recesses) that are equidistantly spaced around the periphery of the first shoulder 262.

[0088] The second side 265 of the upper valve elastomer 253 is configured to engage with the retaining ring 238c to facilitate a fluid seal at the base 206 of the housing 205. In some embodiments, the second side 265 of the upper valve elastomer 253 includes a rounded or semi-circular outer cross-sectional profile extending from the inner edge of the upper valve elastomer 253 near the drive interface 258 to the outer edge of the upper valve elastomer 253. Figure 4E(As shown). In some embodiments, the second side 265 may have a rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, or any other suitable cross-sectional profile.

[0089] The upper valve elastomer 253 is generally continuous on the first shoulder 262 and around the drive interface 258. Figure 4D (As shown). In some embodiments, the upper valve elastomer 253 has a continuous width around the drive interface 258. In some embodiments, the upper valve elastomer 253 may also have a discontinuous width around the drive interface 258 and / or a varying width around the drive interface 258. For example, more than one upper valve elastomer may be present around the drive interface 258, such that multiple upper valve elastomers may be equidistantly positioned around the drive interface 258 on the first shoulder 262.

[0090] In some embodiments, the upper valve elastomer 253 has a cross-sectional width of, for example, 1.01 mm and an initial height of, for example, 0.50 mm. In some embodiments, the initial height may be compressible when a force is applied. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional width of the upper valve elastomer 253 is equivalent to the cross-sectional width of the first shoulder 262.

[0091] In some embodiments, the upper valve elastomer 253 may also be configured to engage with the second shoulder 249 of the valve body 236c. In such an embodiment, the upper valve elastomer 253 has a cross-sectional width of, for example, approximately 1.20 mm, which may be substantially equivalent to the cross-sectional width of the second shoulder 249. When the upper valve elastomer 253 is configured to engage with the second shoulder 249, the protrusion 278 may be received by a corresponding recess of the second shoulder 249.

[0092] Valve assembly 204c also includes a lower valve elastomer 251 at the second end 242 of valve body 236c. Figure 4C (best visible in the middle), the lower valve elastomer is rotatably in contact with the first side 234c of the base 206 ( Figure 3B and Figure 5AAs shown, the lower valve elastomer 251 is used to seal the second end 242 to the first side 234c. The lower valve elastomer 251 has a first side 270 connected to the second end 242 of the valve body 236c and a second side 272 configured to engage with the first side 234c. The seal between the second end 242 and the first side 234c of the base 206 forms a sealing interface between the planar (e.g., non-cylindrical) surface of the second end 242 and the first side 234c. Because the sealing interface is on the longitudinal end (i.e., the second end 242) of the valve body 236c, this sealing arrangement can be referred to as an end seal. In some embodiments, the lower valve elastomer 251 is formed of a rubber or elastomeric material (e.g., silicone rubber) bonded (e.g., overmolded) to the valve body 236c at the second end 242. In some other embodiments, the valve body 236c and the lower valve elastomer 251 may be integrally formed of the same material (e.g., high-density polyethylene, etc.).

[0093] return Figure 4E In some embodiments, the second end 242 of the valve body 236c includes recessed portions 276 (276a-b) configured to engage corresponding protrusions 274 (274a-b) on the first side 270 of the lower valve elastomer 251 to attach the lower valve elastomer 251 to the valve body 236c. In some embodiments, the recessed portions 276 act as anchors that constrain the protrusions 274 when they are formed during an overmolding process to manufacture the lower valve elastomer 251 over the valve body 236c, thereby binding the lower valve elastomer 251 to the valve body 236c.

[0094] In some embodiments, the recessed portion 276 includes a first outer recessed portion 276a, which may be continuously disposed or formed around the periphery of the second end 242. The recessed portion 276 may further include a second inner recessed portion 276b, which may be continuously disposed or formed around a lateral center point of the second end 242 of the valve body 236c. In some embodiments, the first recessed portion 276a may be equidistant from the second recessed portion 276b around the region between the recessed portions 276a and 276b. Figure 4E In the first recessed portion 276a, it is configured to engage with the first protruding portion 274a (outer portion) of the lower valve elastomer 251, and the second recessed portion 276b is configured to engage with the second protruding portion 274b (inner protruding portion) of the lower valve elastomer 251.

[0095] Other numbers and arrangements of recesses on the second end 242 and / or protrusions on the lower valve elastomer 251 are also envisioned to anchor the lower valve elastomer 251 to the valve body 236c. For example, the second end 242 of the valve body 236c may include one or more recesses (e.g., 3 to 4 recesses, 4 to 5 recesses, 6 to 7 recesses, or 7 to 8 recesses) such that the lower valve elastomer 251 may have a corresponding number of protrusions. Additionally, although the protrusions 274 of the lower valve elastomer 251 and the corresponding recesses 276 of the valve body 236c are in... Figure 4E The portion is shown as a rectangle, but the protruding portion and the corresponding recessed portion can be circular, triangular, trapezoidal, any other suitable joining shape or combination thereof. In some embodiments, the recessed portion 276 can extend from the third shoulder 259 to the second shoulder 249, such that the recessed portion 276 can be a through hole that acts as an anchor, mechanically locking the lower valve elastomer 251 to the valve body 236 (i.e., unlike chemical bonding).

[0096] In some embodiments, some or all of the recesses 276 may be discontinuous, such that one or more individual recesses may be placed at a location on the second end 242 of the valve body 236c (e.g., around the periphery of the second end 242). For example, the second end 242 of the valve body 236c may include a recess longitudinally opposed to the inner surface 250, or two or more recesses equidistantly spaced around the periphery of the second end 242. In some embodiments, the second end 242 of the valve body 236c includes one or more recesses laterally opposed to the inner surface 250.

[0097] The second side 272 of the lower valve elastomer 251 includes at least one internal surface 250. In some embodiments, the internal surface 250 may be recessed from the second side 272 of the lower valve elastomer 251, such that the recessed surface is configured to prevent the lower valve elastomer 251 from bulging into the port 252 of the base 206, which could cause wear and stress on the lower valve elastomer 251, while also increasing torque. In this way, the recessed internal surface reduces mechanical stress on the valve elastomer and other rigid components within the valve assembly 204 throughout its shelf life and during valve assembly rotation.

[0098] In some embodiments, a lubricant (e.g., silicone oil) may also be used to facilitate relative rotation between the mating surface of the valve body 236c (e.g., the first shoulder 262) and the mating surface of the retaining ring 238c (e.g., the inner shoulder 260b), as referenced. Figure 5BIn a more detailed description, in some embodiments, lubricant may be dispensed onto one or more mating surfaces. As an example, the lubricant is used to reduce torque and facilitate rotation of valve assembly 204c within bore 230 of housing 205. In such an example, lubricant is also dispensed onto the sealing interface between the lower valve elastomer 251 of valve assembly 204c and the first side 234c of base 206.

[0099] In some embodiments, the lower valve elastomer 251 may be impregnated with a lubricant (e.g., silicone oil), thereby eliminating the need to distribute the lubricant onto the sealing surface. In other words, the lower valve elastomer 251 is coated with a self-lubricating material (e.g., a smooth silicone LSR (liquid silicone rubber) coating), or is itself a self-lubricating silicone rubber. Thus, the lower valve elastomer 251 is configured to reduce the coefficient of friction.

[0100] The inner surface 250 is generally planar and orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 246. The inner surface of the lower valve elastomer 251 is adjacent to a passage (e.g., passage 248a or 248b) passing through the lower valve elastomer 251 and the valve body 236c. In some embodiments, such as Figure 4C As shown, the inner surface 250 of the lower valve elastomer 251 is defined by a first semi-circular inner edge 290a, two straight edges 290b extending from the inner edge 290a to the inner surface 250 having a maximum width 290c, and a second semi-circular outer edge 290d. The inner surface 250 of the lower valve elastomer 251 may extend about 20° to about 90° (e.g., between 35° and 75°) in any circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis 246. In some embodiments, the inner surface 250 of the lower valve elastomer 251 is surrounded by a sealing portion 281 extending beyond the inner surface 250 by a second side 272 of the lower valve elastomer 251. In such embodiments, the inner surface 250 may not extend to the periphery of the lower valve elastomer 251.

[0101] When the inner surface 250 is recessed from the sealing portion 281, the inner surface 250 can be defined as the region of the outer surface that is recessed from the sealing portion 281 on the second side 272 of the lower valve elastomer 251. In some embodiments, the inner surface 250 can be recessed from the sealing portion 281 on the second side 272 of the lower valve elastomer 251 by a maximum height of, for example, 0.15 mm. Figure 5A As best viewed, the central portion of the lower valve elastomer 251 has a cross-sectional width of, for example, 4.80 mm. In some embodiments, the passage 248 may be substantially the same and have a cross-sectional width of, for example, 2.67 mm. In some embodiments, the lower valve elastomer 251 has an initial height of, for example, 1.52 mm, which may be compressible when a force is applied in some embodiments.

[0102] Although the inner surface 250 of the lower valve elastomer 251 is in Figure 4E The inner surface is shown as a flat linear surface, but the inner surface 250 can also be curved, angled relative to the longitudinal axis 246, or any combination thereof. In addition, there may be more than one inner surface (e.g., 2 to 3 inner surfaces, 4 to 5 inner surfaces, or 5 to 6 inner surfaces).

[0103] refer to Figures 5A to 5B Further details describe the interaction between the upper valve elastomer 253 and the retaining ring 238c. When viewed in cross-section, in the assembled state, the upper valve elastomer 253 engages with and is compressed between the retaining ring 238c and the first shoulder 262 of the valve body 236c. This compression generates a reaction force in the direction toward the first side 234c of the base 206. These reaction forces, combined with the opposing reaction force provided by the lower valve elastomer 251, promote a fluid seal (e.g., a fluid-sealed interface) at the first side 234c of the base 206, such as… Figure 5A As detailed in the text.

[0104] In some embodiments, an inner shoulder 260b formed between stepped portions of the annular body 254 contacts an upper valve elastomer 253, radially surrounding the drive port 258, to apply a biasing force on the valve body 236c. In some embodiments, a lubricant (e.g., silicone oil) may be used to facilitate relative rotation between the mating surface of the valve body 236c (e.g., the first shoulder 262) and the mating surface of the retaining ring 238c (e.g., the inner shoulder 260b). In some embodiments, the lubricant may be dispensed onto one or more mating surfaces. In some embodiments, the valve elastomer 251 may be impregnated with a lubricant (e.g., silicone oil). In some embodiments, the lubricant may be any copolymer liquid comprising dimethylsiloxane and trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane that provides a lubricating coating.

[0105] The reaction force generated by the upper valve elastomer 253 due to compression against the retaining ring 238c is typically positioned (axially) in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 246 of the valve body 236c. This reaction force drives the second end 242 of the valve body 236c toward the first side 234c of the base 206, which compresses the lower valve elastomer 251 against the first side 234c of the base 206, thereby forming a fluid seal between the passage 248 and the corresponding port 252.

[0106] In some embodiments, when the retaining ring 238c is fully seated in the bore 230c, the lower valve elastomer 251 is compressed (axially) in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 246 up to, for example, 34% of its total height, thereby compressing or reducing the overall height to, for example, about 1 mm. In some embodiments, the compression of the lower valve elastomer 251 causes a counterforce in the opposite direction toward the first end 240. In some embodiments, the retaining ring 238c is joined to the base 206 using a solid-state welding technique (e.g., ultrasonic welding) such that there is no gap or space between the inner shoulder 260b of the retaining ring 238c and the upper valve elastomer 253. In some other embodiments, the retaining ring 238c may be snap-fitted, threaded, and / or adhered to the base 206.

[0107] Compared to other valve designs, implementing an upper valve elastomer 253 in valve assembly 204c offers greater design flexibility and / or material selection flexibility. For example, the downward reaction force generated by the upper valve elastomer 253 allows for a reduction in the thickness of the lower valve elastomer 251. Reducing the thickness of the lower valve elastomer 251 prevents it from bulging into the port 252 during rotation of valve assembly 204c, thereby reducing the torque on the lower valve elastomer 251 and minimizing its wear. Reducing the thickness of the lower valve elastomer 251 also prevents it from bulging outwards and contacting the cylindrical inner wall 232, further reducing torque.

[0108] Figures 6A to 6B These are, respectively, according to certain embodiments Figure 2A The enlarged exploded front isometric view and enlarged exploded rear isometric view of a portion of the surgical box 200, illustrating another example valve assembly 304 with a biasing member and a lower valve elastomer. Figures 7A to 7E Various views of a valve assembly 304 with a biasing member and a lower valve elastomer are illustrated. Accordingly, for clarity, this document will... Figures 6A to 6B and Figures 7A to 7E Combined descriptions. Note that... Figures 6A to 6B and Figures 7A to 7E Valve assembly 304 in the middle can be Figures 2A to 2D Examples of one or more of the valve assemblies 204a to 204d depicted in the figures. Also note, Figures 6A to 6B , Figures 7A to 7E and Figures 8A to 8B The diagram shows... Figures 3A to 3B , Figures 4A to 4E and Figures 5A to 5B The surgical case 200 and retention ring 238c are shown in part. Accordingly, for clarity, details regarding the surgical case 200 and retention ring 238c are omitted below.

[0109] In some examples, valve assembly 304 may be substantially similar to valve assembly 204c, but includes biasing member 355. For example, the valve body 336 of the third valve assembly 304 has a first end 340, a second end 342, a substantially cylindrical outer surface 344 connecting the first end 340 and the second end 342, and a longitudinal axis 246 disposed through the valve body 336 in an orientation orthogonal to the first end 340. The cylindrical outer surface 344 includes a plurality of stepped portions with different external dimensions. In some embodiments, such as Figure 7E As best viewed, the cylindrical outer surface 344 includes a base portion 345, which is separated from the drive interface 358 by a first shoulder 362 and from a collar portion 347 by a second shoulder 349, the collar portion 347 having a larger diameter than the base portion 345. In one embodiment, the diameter of the base portion 345 is, for example, about 13 mm and the longitudinal length is, for example, 5.21 mm, while the diameter of the collar portion is, for example, about 16 mm and the longitudinal length is, for example, 3.38 mm. A third shoulder 359 transitions from the collar portion 347 to the lower valve elastomer 351.

[0110] The valve body 336 is rotatable about a longitudinal axis 246. Two passages 348 (348a-b) are shown formed in the valve body 336 at the second end 342. However, in some embodiments, more or fewer passages 348 may be formed through the valve body 336. Figure 6A In the illustrated embodiment, when measured in the circumferential direction around the longitudinal axis 246, the lengths of the first passage 348a and the second passage 348b are approximately equal (e.g., extending approximately 140° to 150° circumferentially around the longitudinal axis 246). In the illustrated embodiment, the size of each passage 348 is determined to simultaneously open fluid communication with both ports of the base 206, as described below regarding... Figures 9A to 9B More detailed description. In some other embodiments, the size of each passage 348 can be determined to simultaneously open fluid communication with any suitable number of ports (e.g., two, three, or four ports).

[0111] In the illustrated embodiment, passage 348 includes an arcuate annular segment extending circumferentially around longitudinal axis 246. In some embodiments, the cross-section of passage 348 may be circular, round, elliptical, polygonal, square, any other suitable shape, or a combination thereof. The terminal of each passage 348 is defined through a first end 340 of valve body 336. In some embodiments, the central axis of each passage 348 at its terminal is parallel to longitudinal axis 246. In some embodiments, at least a portion of each passage 348 (e.g., the portion between terminals) is orthogonal to longitudinal axis 246.

[0112] In some embodiments, during manufacturing, the passages 348 are machined or formed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 246 (e.g., starting from the second end 342). In other words, when viewed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 246, the entire surface of each passage 348 is visible from the second end 342. In the illustrated embodiment, the passages 348 include equal flow areas. In some other embodiments, the passages 348 may have different flow areas. In some other embodiments, the valve body may have only one passage or more than two passages (e.g., 2 to 3 passages, 3 to 4 passages, 4 to 5 passages, or 5 to 6 passages).

[0113] Similarly, as Figure 6B As shown, five ports 252 are formed through the base 206 of the surgical cartridge 200. In operation, the valve body 336 is rotatable relative to a first side 234c of the base 206 to align each passage 348 with a corresponding port 252 (252a-e) of the base 206, thereby opening pressure and / or fluid communication between corresponding passages in the plurality of channels 216. The flow axis through each port 252 is parallel to the longitudinal axis 246 of the valve body 336. The shape of each port 252 may correspond to the cross-section of each passage 348 of the valve body 336 to help maintain laminar flow therethrough. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of each passage 348 may be formed by extending the shape of the corresponding port 252 to a swept surface through the valve body 336.

[0114] In some embodiments, the valve body 336 (such as valve body 236c) includes an orientation identification feature or a hard limiting feature that can be used to associate the rotational state of the valve body 336 with either the base 206 or the retaining ring 238c to ensure proper alignment between the passage 348 and the corresponding port 252 during operation. Figures 6A to 6B In this context, the hard limiting feature includes a first profile 364 formed on the valve body 336, which is configured to contact a corresponding hole profile 366 formed on a first side 234c of the base 206. For example... Figure 6B As shown, the second profile 269 can be provided in the corresponding recess 268 formed on the cylindrical inner wall 232c of the hole 230c, so that the rotational alignment of the retaining ring 238c is fixed relative to the base 206.

[0115] To associate the rotational state of the valve body 336 with the retaining ring 238c using the hard limiting feature 364, the valve body 336 can be rotated about the longitudinal axis 246 in a first direction (e.g., clockwise) until the first profile 364 contacts the first side of the hole profile 366, at which point the first rotational state is recorded. Then, the valve body 336 can be rotated about the longitudinal axis 246 in the opposite second direction (e.g., counterclockwise) until the first profile 364 contacts the opposite second side of the hole profile 366, at which point the second rotational state is recorded. Therefore, the alignment between the passage 348 and the corresponding port 252 is precisely known in any rotational state between the first and second rotational states corresponding to the hard limiting feature. In some embodiments, the valve assembly 304 may not include the hard limiting feature (e.g., the first profile 364 may not be included). In some embodiments, the retaining ring 238 disclosed and described above with respect to the valve body 336 may also be used in conjunction with a single-pass valve body.

[0116] Valve assembly 304 includes a biasing member 355 (or a first sealing mechanism) disposed around the base portion 345 of valve body 336. Figure 7A (Best visible in the middle). The biasing member 355 can be movably and, in some examples, rotatably contact the retaining ring 238c ( Figure 6B and Figures 8A to 8B (As shown), to facilitate a fluid seal at the base 206 of the housing 205. In some examples, the biasing member 355 may be fixedly attached to the retaining ring 238c. The biasing member 355 has a first side 367 and a second side 365, the first side being configured to engage or press and compress against a second shoulder 349 of the valve body 336 to attach the biasing member 355 to a second end 342 of the valve body 336, the second side being configured to engage the retaining ring 238c. Figures 8A to 8B As shown, the engagement or compression of the biasing member 355 against the retaining ring 238c and the second shoulder 349 of the valve body 336 generates a biasing force in the direction toward the first side 234c of the base 206, such that the biasing force promotes a fluid seal at the base 206 of the housing 205.

[0117] In some embodiments, the biasing member 355 is a spring or other resilient device adapted to generate a biasing force and facilitate a fluid seal at the base 206. For example, in some embodiments, the biasing member 355 may include a compression spring, a coil spring, a disc spring, a leaf spring, a leaf spring, etc. In some embodiments, the biasing member 355 is formed of a metallic material (such as a metal alloy, such as stainless steel). In some embodiments, the biasing member 355 is formed of a polymeric material (such as a thermoplastic polymer or other elastomeric polymer).

[0118] In some embodiments, the first side 367 of the biasing member 355 is fixedly or movably connected to the second shoulder 349 of the valve body 336. In some embodiments, when the valve assembly 304 is disposed in the hole 230c of the base 206 of the surgical cartridge 200 (e.g., assembled into the hole), the biasing member 355 is movably connected to the second shoulder 349 of the valve body 336 or freely disposed against the second shoulder.

[0119] In some embodiments, the biasing member 355 may also be configured to engage with a first shoulder 362 of the valve body 336. When the biasing member 355 is configured to engage with the first shoulder 362, the biasing member may be movably coupled or fixedly coupled to the first shoulder 362.

[0120] Valve assembly 304 also includes a lower valve elastomer 351 (or a second sealing mechanism) at the second end 342 of valve body 336. Figure 7C (best visible in the middle), the lower valve elastomer is rotatably in contact with the first side 234c of the base 206 ( Figure 6B and Figures 8A to 8B As shown, the lower valve elastomer 351 is used to seal the second end 342 to the first side 234c. The lower valve elastomer 351 has a first side 370 connected to the second end 342 of the valve body 336 and a second side 372 configured to engage with the first side 234c. The seal between the second end 342 and the first side 234c of the base 206 forms a sealing interface between the planar (e.g., non-cylindrical) surface of the second end 342 and the first side 234c. Because the sealing interface is on the longitudinal end of the valve body 336 (i.e., the second end 342), this sealing arrangement can be referred to as an end seal. In some embodiments, the lower valve elastomer 351 is formed of a rubber or elastomeric material (e.g., silicone rubber) bonded (e.g., overmolded) to the valve body 336 at the second end 342. In some other embodiments, the valve body 336 and the lower valve elastomer 351 may be integrally formed of the same material (e.g., high-density polyethylene, etc.).

[0121] return Figure 7E In some embodiments, the second end 342 of the valve body 336 includes recessed portions 376 (376a-b) configured to engage corresponding protrusions 374 (374a-b) on the first side 370 of the lower valve elastomer 351 to attach the lower valve elastomer 351 to the valve body 336. In some embodiments, the recessed portions 376 act as anchors that constrain the protrusions 374 when they are formed during an overmolding process to manufacture the lower valve elastomer 351 over the valve body 336, thereby binding the lower valve elastomer 351 to the valve body 336.

[0122] In some embodiments, the recessed portion 376 includes a first outer recessed portion 376a, which may be continuously disposed or formed around the periphery of the second end 342. The recessed portion 376 may further include a second inner recessed portion 376b, which may be continuously disposed or formed around a lateral center point of the second end 342 of the valve body 336. In some embodiments, the first recessed portion 376a may be equidistant from the second recessed portion 376b around the region between the recessed portions 376a and 376b. Figure 7E In the first recessed portion 376a, it is configured to engage with the first protruding portion 374a (external portion) of the lower valve elastomer 351, and the second recessed portion 376b is configured to engage with the second protruding portion 374b (internal protruding portion) of the lower valve elastomer 351.

[0123] Other numbers and arrangements of recesses on the second end 342 and / or protrusions on the lower valve elastomer 351 are also envisioned to anchor the lower valve elastomer 351 to the valve body 336. For example, the second end 342 of the valve body 336 may include one or more recesses (e.g., 3 to 4 recesses, 4 to 5 recesses, 6 to 7 recesses, or 7 to 8 recesses) such that the lower valve elastomer 351 may have a corresponding number of protrusions. Additionally, although the protrusions 374 of the lower valve elastomer 351 and the corresponding recesses 376 of the valve body 336 are... Figure 7E The portion is shown as a rectangle, but the protruding portion and the corresponding recessed portion can be circular, triangular, trapezoidal, any other suitable joining shape or combination thereof. In some embodiments, the recessed portion 376 can extend from the third shoulder 359 to the second shoulder 349, such that the recessed portion 376 can be a through hole acting as an anchor, which mechanically locks the lower valve elastomer 351 to the valve body 336 (i.e., unlike chemical bonding).

[0124] In some embodiments, some or all of the recesses 376 may be discontinuous, such that one or more individual recesses may be placed at a location on the second end 342 of the valve body 336 (e.g., around the periphery of the second end 342). For example, the second end 342 of the valve body 336 may include a recess longitudinally opposed to the inner surface 350, or two or more recesses equidistantly spaced around the periphery of the second end 342. In some embodiments, the second end 342 of the valve body 336 includes one or more recesses laterally opposed to the inner surface 350.

[0125] The second side 372 of the lower valve elastomer 351 includes at least one internal surface 350. In some embodiments, the internal surface 350 may be recessed from the second side 372 of the lower valve elastomer 351, such that the recessed portion is configured to prevent the lower valve elastomer 351 from bulging into the port 252 of the base 206, which would cause wear and physical stress on the lower valve elastomer 351 and other mating components, while also increasing torque.

[0126] In some embodiments, a lubricant (e.g., silicone oil) may also be used to facilitate relative rotation between the mating surfaces of the valve body 336 (e.g., the first shoulder 362) and the mating surfaces of the retaining ring 238c (e.g., the inner shoulder 260b). In some embodiments, the lubricant may be applied to one or more mating surfaces. As an example, the lubricant is used to reduce torque and facilitate rotation of the valve assembly 304 within the housing 205. In such an example, the lubricant is applied to the sealing interface between the lower valve elastomer 351 of the valve assembly 304 and the first side 234 (ac) of the base 206.

[0127] The inner surface 350 is generally planar and orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 246. The inner surface 350 of the lower valve elastomer 351 is adjacent to a passage (e.g., passage 348a or 348b) passing through the lower valve elastomer 351 and the valve body 336. In some embodiments, such as Figure 7D As shown, the inner surface 350 of the lower valve elastomer 351 is defined by a first semi-circular inner edge 390a, two straight edges 390b of a region having a maximum width 390c extending from the inner edge to the inner surface 350, and a second semi-circular outer edge 390d. The inner surface 350 of the lower valve elastomer 351 extends about 20° and about 90° (e.g., between 35° and 75°) in the circumferential direction about the longitudinal axis 246. In some embodiments, the inner surface 350 of the lower valve elastomer 351 is surrounded by a sealing portion 381 extending beyond the inner surface 350 by a second side 372 of the lower valve elastomer 351. In such embodiments, the inner surface 350 may not extend to the periphery of the lower valve elastomer 351.

[0128] When the inner surface 350 is recessed from the sealing portion 381, the inner surface 350 can be defined as the region of the outer surface that is recessed from the sealing portion 381 on the second side 372 of the lower valve elastomer 351. In some embodiments, the inner surface 350 can be recessed from the sealing portion 381 on the second side 372 of the lower valve elastomer 351 by a maximum height of, for example, 0.152 mm, and has a cross-sectional width of, for example, 4.80 mm. In some embodiments, the passage 348 is substantially the same and has a cross-sectional width of, for example, 2.67 mm. In some embodiments, the lower valve elastomer 351 has an initial height of, for example, 1.52 mm, which, in some embodiments, can be compressible when force is applied.

[0129] Although the inner surface 350 of the lower valve elastomer 351 is in Figure 7E The inner surface 350 is shown as a flat, linear surface, but it can also be curved, angled relative to the longitudinal axis 246, or any combination thereof. Additionally, more than one inner surface may be present (e.g., two to three, four to five, or five to six inner surfaces). Reference Figures 8A to 8B Further details describe the interaction between the biasing member 355 and the retaining ring 238c. When viewed in cross-section, in the assembled state, the biasing member 355 engages with and compresses against the retaining ring 238c and the second shoulder 349 of the valve body 336. This engagement generates a biasing force in the direction toward the first side 234c of the base 206, which, combined with the force provided by the lower valve elastomer 351, promotes a fluid seal (e.g., a fluid-sealing interface) at the first side 234c of the base 206, such as… Figure 8B As detailed in the text.

[0130] In some embodiments, the retaining ring 238c is formed below the inner shoulder 260b, with the inner shoulder 260c contacting the biasing member 355 radially outward from the base portion 345 of the valve body 336 to facilitate the generation of a biasing force on the valve body 336 by the biasing member 355. The biasing forces generated by the biasing member 355 (which are typically reaction forces caused by compression of the biasing member against the retaining ring 238c and the first shoulder 262) are positioned (axially) in one or more directions parallel to the longitudinal axis 246 of the valve body 336. In some embodiments, compression of the biasing member 355 causes reaction forces in opposite directions toward the first end 340 and the second end 342. This reaction force drives the second end 342 of the valve body 336 toward the first side 234c of the base 206, which compresses the lower valve elastomer 351 against the first side 234c of the base 206, thereby forming a seal between the passage 348 and the corresponding port 252.

[0131] In some embodiments, when the retaining ring 238c is fully seated in the bore 230c, the lower valve elastomer 351 is compressed (axially) in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 246 up to, for example, 34% of its total height, thereby compressing or reducing the overall height to, for example, approximately 1.02 mm. In some embodiments, the compression of the lower valve elastomer 351 causes opposing reaction forces in the opposite direction toward the first end 340. In some embodiments, the retaining ring 238c is joined to the base 206 using a solid-state welding technique (e.g., ultrasonic welding) such that there is no gap or space between the inner shoulder 260b of the retaining ring 238c and the first shoulder 362 of the valve body 336. In some other embodiments, the retaining ring 238c may be snap-fitted, threaded, and / or adhered to the base 206.

[0132] Compared to other valve designs, implementing the biasing member 355 in valve assembly 304 contributes to greater design flexibility and / or material selection flexibility. For example, the downward reaction force generated by the biasing member 355 allows for a reduction in the thickness of the lower valve elastomer 351. Reducing the thickness of the lower valve elastomer 351 prevents it from bulging into port 252 during rotation of valve assembly 304, thereby reducing the torque on the lower valve elastomer 351 and minimizing its wear. Furthermore, using a thinner lower valve elastomer 351 provides greater flexibility in material selection or design, allowing for the use of alternative materials that exhibit less compressive permanent deformation or reaction force in rigid components.

[0133] In some embodiments, valve assembly 304 includes a biasing member 355, an upper valve elastomer 253, and a lower valve elastomer 351. In such embodiments, the biasing member 355 and the upper valve elastomer 253 can collectively promote a fluid seal at the base of the housing. For example, the biasing member 355 and the upper valve elastomer 253 promote a fluid seal by engaging with the inner shoulder 260c and inner shoulder 260b of the retaining ring 238c, respectively. Similarly, other variations of this embodiment can be implemented.

[0134] Figures 9A to 9B According to certain embodiments Figure 2A A front elevation view of a portion of the surgical box, illustrating two different valve positions. Figures 9A to 9B For clarity, cover component 208 has been omitted in this document. (Although this document references...) Figures 3A to 3B , Figures 4A to 4E and Figures 5A to 5B Valve assembly 204c describes Figures 9A to 9B ,but Figures 6A to 6B , Figures 7A to 7E and Figures 8A to 8B Valve assembly 304 may also employ similar features as described herein.

[0135] Figure 9A The diagram illustrates the first valve rotation state of valve assembly 204c. In the first valve rotation state, the first passage 248a (indicated by a dashed outline) of valve body 236c is aligned with the first port 252a and the fifth port 252e of Venturi reservoir 282. When the first passage 248a is aligned with the two ports of Venturi reservoir 282, fluid communication with Venturi reservoir 282 is closed, and therefore, in the first valve rotation state, the first port 252a and the fifth port 252e can be referred to as "closed". The first port 252a and the fifth port 252e are adjacent and, as described above, are positioned below the level sensor region 289 through base 206, similar to the fifth port 252e. In the first valve rotation state, the second passage 248b (indicated by a dashed outline) is aligned with the second port 252b corresponding to the second channel 216b and the third port 252c corresponding to the third channel 216c, thereby opening fluid communication between the second channel 216b and the third channel 216c. In the first valve rotation state, the flat section of the valve elastomer 251 is aligned with the fourth port 252d in a clockwise direction relative to the second passage 248b, thereby closing the fluid communication through the fourth port 252d.

[0136] With the first valve rotated, a hard precharge can be performed on the second channel 216b upstream of the first pump assembly 202a (also referred to as the "suction path" of the surgical cartridge 200). Typically, a hard precharge involves establishing a very high vacuum in the suction path and then abruptly opening the suction path to liquid from the Venturi reservoir 282. The sudden influx of liquid increases the flow rate in the suction path, stripping any trapped air bubbles from their location. Trapped air bubbles are allowed into the main flow and delivered to the discharge bag coupled to the surgical cartridge 200. In some embodiments, the hard precharge is an automated sequence performed by the computer 103 of the console 100. Hard precharge can be performed as part of the surgical setup of the surgical cartridge 200. Hard precharge reduces and makes more repeatable the overall fluid compliance of the surgical cartridge 200 (improved vacuum responsiveness), thereby enabling a smaller fluid surge volume during a surge event following a closure breach.

[0137] In some embodiments, the second channel 216b is in fluid communication with the first pump assembly 202a (also referred to as the "suction pump"), and the third channel 216c is in fluid communication with a suction line to the surgical site for aspirating fluid from the eye (e.g., via...). Figure 1A (Handheld component 112 shown). In such an embodiment, the first rotation state corresponds to the suction state.

[0138] Example operation of valve assembly 204c is described below. In some embodiments, during aspiration, fluid flow through the handpiece may become blocked or clogged due to the accumulation of surgical material (e.g., lens fragments), causing vacuum pressure to build up between the handpiece and the first pump assembly 202a. As sufficient vacuum pressure builds up, the blockage typically breaks, resulting in a rapid surge of fluid being aspirated from the eye into valve assembly 204c (and in some embodiments, including a second channel 216b and the first pump assembly 202a) via a third channel 216c. This process is commonly referred to as the post-blockage surge.

[0139] Certain embodiments disclosed herein can be used to mitigate post-occlusion burst surges. In some embodiments, a rapid pressure change indicates a post-occlusion burst surge, which can be detected using a pressure sensor in a handheld device or surgical case. When a post-occlusion burst surge is detected, the valve assembly 204c can be moved from the valve body 236c by rotating it counterclockwise about 72 degrees about the longitudinal axis 246 (as indicated by the arrow). Figure 9A The first valve rotation state switches to Figure 9B The second valve is shown in the diagram in its rotating state.

[0140] In the second valve rotating state, the first passage 248a (indicated by a dashed outline) of the valve body 236c is aligned with the fourth port 252d and the fifth port 252e, thereby opening the fluid communication between the Venturi reservoir 282 and the third passage 216c. In the second valve rotating state, the second passage 248b (indicated by a dashed outline) is aligned with the first port 252a and the second port 252b, thereby opening the fluid communication between the Venturi reservoir 282 and the second passage 216b. In the second valve rotating state, the flat section of the valve elastomer 251 is aligned with the third port 252c in a clockwise direction relative to the second passage 248b, thereby closing the fluid communication through the third port 252c.

[0141] In the embodiment where the second channel 216b is in fluid communication with the first pump assembly 202a and the third channel 216c is in fluid communication with the surgical site (as described above), the second rotational state corresponds to the dual-path depressurization state. Therefore, the fluid communication between the first channel 216a of the Venturi reservoir 282 and the first pump assembly 202a is opened via the second channel 216b. In the dual-path depressurization state, the fluid communication between the first channel 216a of the Venturi reservoir 282 and the surgical site is opened via the third channel 216c.

[0142] By rotating the valve body 236c counterclockwise about 72 degrees about the longitudinal axis 246 (as indicated by the arrow), the valve assembly 204c can be moved from... Figure 9A The suction state shown has been switched to Figure 9B The dual-path pressure relief state is shown. Upon detection of a surge following a blockage breach, the system immediately switches to the dual-path pressure relief state, mitigating the resulting rapid suction of fluid from the eye by filling the second channel 216b and the third channel 216c with fluid before a large flow of fluid from the eye occurs.

[0143] In the dual-path depressurization state, both the first port 252a and the fifth port 252e are opened simultaneously. This simultaneous opening of the first port 252a and the fifth port 252e provides independent release of vacuum pressure accumulated in the corresponding channels 216b-c of the base 206 to the Venturi reservoir 282. For example, vacuum pressure accumulated in the third channel 216c between the fifth port 252e and the suction line is released through the fifth port 252e. Similarly, vacuum pressure accumulated in the second channel 216b between the first port 252a and the first pump assembly 202a is released through the first port 252a, independently of the depressurization through the third channel 216c at the suction surgical site.

[0144] In some embodiments, the second channel 216b has a volume of approximately 4 cc (cubic centimeters), while the fluid line connected to the surgical site (including the third channel 216c) has only a volume of approximately 0.5 cc. Therefore, the relatively high compliance of the second channel 216b contributes a large portion of the vacuum pressure volume that results in the surge after occlusion rupture. Consequently, the independent pressure relief provided by cutting off the fluid communication between the second channel 216b leading to the pump and the third channel 216c leading to the eye significantly reduces the surge volume after occlusion rupture.

[0145] In summary, compared to other valve designs, the valve design described in this paper enables and / or facilitates greater design flexibility and / or material selection flexibility, reduces compression set, stress relaxation, and physical stress on valve assemblies, and / or helps maintain sealing force over longer periods. Additionally, it can reduce torque and wear.

[0146] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various embodiments described herein. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments. Therefore, the claims are not intended to limit them to the embodiments shown herein, but are given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims.

Claims

1. A surgical case for use in ophthalmic surgery, the surgical case comprising: case; A retaining ring, which is connected to the housing; as well as A valve assembly, connected to the housing via the retaining ring and configured to control fluid communication of a passage within the housing, the valve assembly comprising: A valve body having a first end with a first shoulder, a second end with a second shoulder, and a cylindrical surface connecting the first shoulder and the second shoulder; and Upper valve elastomer, the upper valve elastomer comprising: The first side of the upper valve elastomer is configured to engage with the first shoulder of the valve body; and The second side of the upper valve elastomer is configured to engage with the retaining ring to facilitate a fluid seal at the base of the housing.

2. The surgical box as described in claim 1, wherein, The engagement between the upper valve elastomer and the retaining ring and the first shoulder of the valve body generates a biasing force in the direction toward the base of the housing, which promotes the fluid seal at the base of the housing.

3. The surgical box as described in claim 1, wherein: The upper valve elastomer includes a protruding portion on a first side of the upper valve elastomer; and The valve body includes a corresponding recessed portion on a first shoulder of the valve body, wherein the protruding portion is configured to engage with the corresponding recessed portion to connect the upper valve elastomer to the valve body.

4. The surgical box as described in claim 1, wherein, The first side of the upper valve elastomer is fixedly connected to or movably connected to the first shoulder of the valve body.

5. The surgical box as described in claim 1, wherein, The valve assembly further includes a lower valve elastomer, the lower valve elastomer comprising: The first side of the lower valve elastomer is configured to engage with the second end of the valve body; and The second side of the lower valve elastomer is configured to engage with the housing to provide the fluid seal at the base of the housing.

6. A surgical case for use in ophthalmic surgery, the surgical case comprising: case; A retaining ring, which is connected to the housing; as well as A valve assembly, connected to the housing via the retaining ring and configured to control fluid communication of a passage within the housing, the valve assembly comprising: A valve body having a first end with a first shoulder, a second end with a second shoulder, and a cylindrical surface connecting the first shoulder and the second shoulder; as well as A biasing member is disposed along the cylindrical surface of the valve body and configured to engage with the retaining ring to facilitate a fluid seal at the base of the housing.

7. The surgical box as described in claim 6, wherein, The biasing member generates a biasing force in the direction toward the base of the housing, the biasing force promoting the fluid seal at the base of the housing.

8. The surgical box as described in claim 6, wherein, The biasing member is configured to engage with the second shoulder of the valve body.

9. The surgical box as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The valve assembly further includes a lower valve elastomer, the lower valve elastomer comprising: A first side, the first side being configured to engage with a second end of the valve body; and The second side is configured to engage with the housing to provide the fluid seal at the base of the housing.

10. The surgical box as claimed in claim 9, wherein: The lower valve elastomer includes a protruding portion on a first side of the lower valve elastomer; and The valve body includes a corresponding recessed portion on a second end of the valve body, wherein the protruding portion is configured to engage with the corresponding recessed portion to connect the lower valve elastomer to the valve body.

11. A surgical case for use in ophthalmic surgery, the surgical case comprising: case; A retaining ring, which is connected to the housing; as well as A valve assembly, connected to the housing via the retaining ring and configured to control fluid communication of a passage within the housing, the valve assembly comprising: A valve body having a first end with a first shoulder, a second end with a second shoulder, and a cylindrical surface connecting the first shoulder and the second shoulder; A first sealing mechanism, configured to engage with the retaining ring to facilitate a fluid seal at the base of the housing; and A second sealing mechanism is configured to provide the fluid seal at the base of the housing.

12. The surgical box as claimed in claim 11, wherein, The first sealing mechanism includes an upper valve elastomer or a biasing member.

13. The surgical box as claimed in claim 11, wherein, The second sealing mechanism is a lower valve elastomer, which includes: A first side, the first side being configured to engage with a second end of the valve body; and The second side is configured to engage with the housing to provide the fluid seal at the base of the housing.

14. The surgical box as claimed in claim 13, wherein: The lower valve elastomer includes a protruding portion on a first side of the lower valve elastomer; and The valve body includes a corresponding recessed portion on a second end of the valve body, wherein the protruding portion is configured to engage with the corresponding recessed portion to connect the lower valve elastomer to the valve body.

15. The surgical box as claimed in claim 11, wherein, The second sealing mechanism is configured to minimize bulging at the port at the base of the housing.

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