Packet data convergence protocol hybrid delivery

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a receiver may receive, at a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer of the receiver, PDCP traffic including a plurality of packets associated with a bearer. The receiver may select between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each packet of the plurality of packets based at least in part on one or more packet parameters associated with the packet. The receiver may deliver the plurality of packets according to a selection between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 483,938, filed October 10, 2023, entitled “PACKET DATA CONVERGENCEPROTOCOL HYBRID DELIVERY,” which has been assigned to the assignee of this application. The disclosure of the earlier application is considered part of this patent application and is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] All aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication in general, and to techniques and apparatus for hybrid delivery of Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP). Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple access technologies that enable communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is an enhanced set of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communication for wireless communication devices, such as user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with network nodes via downlink and uplink communication. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication link from the network node to the UE, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication link from the UE to the network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communication, such as via local links (e.g., sidelinks (SL), wireless local area network (WLAN) links, and / or wireless personal area network (WPAN) links, etc.).

[0006] The aforementioned multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate at the city, country, region, and / or global levels. New Radio (NR) (which may be referred to as 5G) is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard issued by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by: improving spectrum efficiency; reducing costs; improving service; utilizing new spectrum; and better integrating with other open standards by using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Cyclic Prefix (CP) on the downlink (CP-OFDM), and CP-OFDM and / or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink; and supporting beamforming, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna technologies and carrier aggregation. Further improvements to LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a receiver for wireless communication. The receiver may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the receiver to receive PDCP traffic, including multiple packets associated with a bearer, at the receiver's Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the receiver to select, at least in part, between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the multiple packets based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packets. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the receiver to deliver the multiple packets according to the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the multiple packets.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a receiver. The method may include: receiving PDCP traffic comprising a plurality of packets associated with a bearer at the PDCP layer of the receiver. The method may include: selecting, at least in part, between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packets. The method may include: delivering the plurality of packets according to the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication performed by a receiver. When executed by one or more processors of the receiver, the set of instructions enables the receiver to receive PDCP traffic comprising a plurality of packets associated with a bearer at the receiver's PDCP layer. When executed by one or more processors of the receiver, the set of instructions enables the receiver to select, at least in part, between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packets. When executed by one or more processors of the receiver, the set of instructions enables the receiver to deliver the plurality of packets according to the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for receiving PDCP traffic comprising a plurality of packets associated with a bearer at the PDCP layer of the apparatus. The apparatus may include components for selecting, at least in part, between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packets. The apparatus may include components for delivering the plurality of packets according to the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets.

[0011] The entirety of the terms includes methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network entities, network nodes, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as fully described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and description and illustrated as illustrated in the drawings and description.

[0012] The features and technical advantages of the examples according to this disclosure have been summarized rather extensively above in order to better understand the detailed description below. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily utilized as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose of this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, in both their organization and manner of operation, and the associated advantages, will be better understood by considering the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each drawing provided in the drawings is for illustrative and descriptive purposes and not as a limitation of the definitions in the claims.

[0013] While aspects are described herein by way of example, those skilled in the art will understand that such aspects can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The techniques described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or package arrangements. For example, some aspects can be implemented via integrated chip implementations or other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user equipment, vehicles, communication equipment, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / shopping devices, medical devices, and / or artificial intelligence devices). Aspects can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and / or system-level components. Devices incorporating the described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, and / or summers). The aspects described herein are intended to be practiced in a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and / or end-user equipment of various sizes, shapes, and configurations. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To gain a full understanding of the foregoing features of this disclosure, a more specific description of the invention, briefly outlined above, can be obtained by referring to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered as limiting its scope, as other equally valid aspects are permissible in this description. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example of communication between a network node and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of an end-to-end data path for data associated with a UE according to this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of ordered delivery according to the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PDCP out-of-order delivery (OOD) according to this disclosure.

[0020] Figures 6 to 7This is an illustration illustrating an example of PDCP hybrid delivery according to this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a receiver or receiver device, according to this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) is a Layer 2 (L2) protocol that sits above (e.g., above) the Radio Link Control (RLC) protocol in the 5G New Radio (NR) protocol stack. The PDCP layer of a transmitting device assigns sequence numbers to packets of data to be sent to a receiving device. In many cases, the receiving device's PDCP can use ordered delivery to deliver packets received from the transmitting device to the upper layers of the receiving device. "Ordered delivery" means that the PDCP layer delivers packets in the order of their assigned sequence numbers. In such ordered delivery, if one or more packets are received out of order at the PDCP layer (e.g., the packet is received before a lost packet with a lower sequence number), the PDCP layer can start a reordering timer (e.g., an L2 reordering timer) and buffer the packet until the lost packet is received or the reordering timer expires. If the lost packet is received before the reordering timer expires, the PDCP layer can deliver packets in the order of their sequence numbers (e.g., the lost packet, followed by the buffered packet). If the reordering time expires (no lost packet is received), the PDCP layer may then deliver the buffered packet. However, if the lost packet is received after the reordering timer has expired, the PDCP layer may not deliver the lost packet (e.g., delivery with gaps / slots in the packet sequence).

[0024] In some examples, out-of-order delivery (OOD) can be enabled for PDCP traffic at the receiving device, such as User Equipment (UE). "OOD," or "immediate delivery," means that the PDCP layer delivers packets in the order they are received at the PDCP layer, which can be out of order relative to the sequence numbers assigned to the packets. OOD is a feature used to improve traffic latency in a radio channel by allowing the delivery of out-of-order received packets without waiting for a reordering time (e.g., an L2 reordering timer) to expire. In OOD, the PDCP layer can act as a pass-through, and even if a lost packet with a lower sequence number has not yet been received at the PDCP layer, the PDCP layer can immediately deliver packets received at the PDCP layer to the upper layer.

[0025] Some applications based on the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) can handle out-of-order (OOD) traffic patterns by implementing reordering mechanisms at the application layer and / or dropping packets based on application latency requirements. In some examples, UDP-based applications such as Extended Reality (XR), Virtual Reality (VR), gaming, video conferencing, and / or voice applications are associated with strict latency requirements, and OOD can reduce latency in traffic associated with such UDP-based applications. However, for TCP-based applications, OOD can cause packets to be received out of order at the TCP stack, leading to increased packet retransmissions and duplicate acknowledgments. Therefore, OOD can reduce throughput for such TCP-based applications, especially in lossy environments where packets can be received out of order at the PDCP layer. In some versions, unlike TCP, the QUIC transport layer protocol tolerates OOD.

[0026] In some examples, OOD for the PDCP layer can be enabled only at the radio bearer (also known as “bearer”) level. That is, the PDCP layer can be enabled to perform OOD for all traffic associated with a specific bearer. For example, an application running on the UE (or on another device receiving traffic delivered by the UE’s PDCP layer) can enable OOD for the bearer on which traffic for that application is to be delivered. However, in some examples, a bearer (e.g., a default Internet bearer) can be associated with concurrent traffic for multiple different applications. Therefore, when OOD is enabled for a bearer by one application, OOD can have unintended effects on one or more other applications that are unaware that OOD is enabled. For example, traffic for a latency-sensitive UDP-based application and traffic for a TCP-based application can be associated with the same bearer. In such examples, when a latency-sensitive UDP-based application enables OOD for a bearer (e.g., to improve latency for UDP-based application traffic), OOD may cause reduced throughput for the TCP-based application due to duplicate acknowledgments and increased retransmissions.

[0027] Various aspects generally relate to wireless communication, and more specifically to packet delivery via the PDCP layer of a receiver (e.g., a UE or network node). Some aspects more specifically involve hybrid PDCP delivery, where OOD (e.g., immediate delivery) is used for some packets associated with a bearer, and ordered delivery is used for other packets associated with the same bearer. In some aspects, a receiver may receive PDCP traffic at the PDCP layer comprising multiple packets associated with a bearer. The receiver (e.g., the receiver's PDCP layer) may select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the multiple packets. For each packet, the receiver may select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery based at least in part on one or more packet parameters associated with that packet. The receiver (e.g., the receiver's PDCP layer) may deliver multiple packets (e.g., to an upper layer) according to the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each packet. For example, the receiver's PDCP layer may perform immediate delivery (e.g., OOD) for one or more packets for which it has selected immediate delivery, and the receiver's PDCP layer may perform ordered delivery for one or more packets for which it has selected ordered delivery. In some examples, one or more packet parameters used by the receiver's PDCP layer to select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery of packets may include packet size and / or packet arrival time, or may include packet header information.

[0028] Specific aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. By selecting between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of multiple packets associated with the same bearer, the receiver's PDCP layer can apply immediate delivery (e.g., OOD) to packets of latency-sensitive data (e.g., packets associated with UDP-based applications such as XR, VR, gaming, video conferencing, and / or voice packets) and ordered delivery to packets associated with other data (e.g., packets associated with TCP-based applications). In this way, the receiver's PDCP layer can reduce latency of UDP-based application traffic without reducing throughput of TCP-based application traffic associated with the same bearer as the UDP-based application traffic. In some examples, by selecting between immediate or ordered delivery for each packet based at least in part on one or more packet parameters (such as packet size, packet arrival time, and / or header information), the PDCP layer can distinguish between packets where immediate delivery (e.g., OOD) is preferred (e.g., UDP-based application traffic) and packets where ordered delivery is preferred (e.g., TCP-based application traffic), while the PDCP layer may or may not know the specific application associated with the different packets. In some examples, various applications may communicate their preferences for ordered / immediate delivery of various flows to the PDCP layer.

[0029] Various aspects of this disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any particular structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the scope of protection of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or method of practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods implemented using structures, functions, or structures and functions other than or different from the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0030] Various devices and techniques will now be used to illustrate several aspects of a telecommunications system. These devices and techniques will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively, “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0031] While terms generally associated with 5G or NR radio access technology (RAT) may be used to describe aspects herein, aspects of this disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT and / or RATs after 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0032] Figure 1This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or elements of a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, etc. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as network node 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), one or more UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other entities. Network node 110 is a network node that communicates with UE 120. As shown, network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, network node 110 can be an aggregated network node, meaning that the aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, network node 110 can be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), meaning that the network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)).

[0033] In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes such as RU that communicate with UE 120 via a radio access link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes such as DU that communicate with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul or midhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes such as CU that communicate with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or with the core network via a backhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 (such as aggregated network node 110 or decomposed network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. Network node 110 may include, for example, NR base stations, LTE base stations, Node Bs, eNBs (e.g., in 4G), gNBs (e.g., in 5G), access points, Transmit / Receive Points (TRPs), DUs, RUs, CUs, network mobility elements, core network nodes, network elements, network equipment, RAN nodes, or combinations thereof. In some examples, network nodes 110 can interconnect with each other or with one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 using any suitable transport network through various types of fronthaul interfaces, midhaul interfaces, and / or backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections, air interfaces, or virtual networks).

[0034] In some examples, network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), depending on the context of terminology use, the term "cell" may refer to the coverage area of ​​network node 110 and / or the network node subsystem serving that coverage area. Network node 110 may provide communication coverage for macrocells, picocells, femtocells, and / or another type of cell. A macrocell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., with a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A picocell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A femtocell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UE 120 associated with the femtocell (e.g., UE 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). Network node 110 used for macrocells may be referred to as a macro network node. Network node 110 used for picocells may be referred to as a pico network node. The network node 110 used for femtocells can be referred to as a femtocell network node or a home network node. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110a may be a macro network node for macro cell 102a, network node 110b may be a pico network node for pico cell 102b, and network node 110c may be a femto network node for femto cell 102c. Network nodes may support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, the cells may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographical area of ​​the cells may move depending on the location of the mobile network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0035] In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to an aggregated base station, a decomposed base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, "base station" or "network node" may refer to a CU, DU, RU, a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a device configured to perform one or more functions (such as those described herein in conjunction with network node 110). In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to multiple devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of multiple different devices (which may be located in the same geographical location or different geographical locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to repeatedly perform at least a portion of that function, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of these different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions can be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one base station function rather than another. In this way, a single device can include more than one base station.

[0036] Wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that can receive data transmissions from upstream nodes (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) and transmit data to downstream nodes (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions to other UE 120s. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) can communicate with network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d to facilitate communication between network node 110a and UE 120d. The network node 110 for relay communication may be referred to as a relay station, relay base station, relay network node, relay node, repeater, etc.

[0037] Wireless network 100 can be a heterogeneous network, comprising different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, etc. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different effects on interference in wireless network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 watts to 2 watts).

[0038] Network controller 130 may be coupled to or communicate with network node set 110, and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. Network controller 130 may communicate with network nodes 110 via a backhaul or midhaul link. Network nodes 110 may also communicate directly with each other, or indirectly via a wireless or wired backhaul link. In some aspects, network controller 130 may be a CU or core network device, or may include a CU or core network device.

[0039] UE 120 may be distributed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. UE 120 may include, for example, access terminals, terminals, mobile stations, and / or subscriber units. UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a GPS device, a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media.

[0040] Some UEs 120 may be considered Machine-Type Communication (MTC) or Evolved or Enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs and / or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, unmanned aerial vehicles, remote devices, sensors, instruments, monitors, and / or location tags that can communicate with network nodes, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered customer premises equipment. UEs 120 may be housed within a housing containing components such as processor components and / or memory components. In some examples, the processor components and memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and memory components (e.g., memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0041] Generally, any number of wireless networks 100 can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network 100 can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. A frequency may be referred to as a carrier, frequency channel, etc. Each frequency in a given geographical area can support a single RAT to avoid interference between wireless networks using different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks can be deployed.

[0042] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary device to communicate with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols) and / or mesh networks. In such examples, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by network node 110.

[0043] Devices in Wireless Network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, devices in Wireless Network 100 can communicate using one or more operating frequency bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating frequency bands have been designated as frequency ranges FR1 (410MHz to 7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz to 52.6GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, FR1 is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the “sub-6GHz” band in various documents and articles. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with FR2, which is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, although this is different from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30GHz to 300GHz) designated as a “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0044] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified the operating bands used for these mid-band frequencies as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, thus effectively extending the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. Furthermore, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating frequency bands have been identified as the frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0045] Considering the examples above, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "below 6 GHz" is used herein, it can broadly refer to frequencies below 6 GHz, within FR1, or including intermediate frequency bands. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "millimeter wave" is used herein, it can broadly refer to frequencies that can include intermediate frequency bands, within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or within the EHF band. Modifications to frequencies included in these operating frequency bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) are contemplated, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0046] In some aspects, UE 120 may include a communications manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communications manager 140 may receive PDCP traffic at the PDCP layer comprising a plurality of packets associated with a bearer; select, at least in part, for each of the plurality of packets, between immediate delivery and ordered delivery based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packets; and deliver the plurality of packets according to the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets. Additionally or alternatively, the communications manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0047] In some aspects, network node 110 may include communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, communication manager 150 may receive PDCP traffic at the PDCP layer comprising a plurality of packets associated with a bearer; select, at least in part, for each of the plurality of packets between immediate delivery and ordered delivery based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packets; and deliver the plurality of packets according to the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets. Additionally or alternatively, communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0048] As indicated above, Figure 1 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 1 The descriptions are different.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating example 200 of communication between network node 110 and UE 120 in a wireless network 100 according to this disclosure. Network node 110 may be equipped with antenna sets 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). UE 120 may be equipped with antenna sets 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1). Network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antenna 234 and modem 232. In some examples, network node 110 may include an interface, communication components, or another component facilitating communication with UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components facilitating direct communication with UE 120, such as one or more CUs or one or more DUs.

[0050] At network node 110, transmitting processor 220 can receive data from data source 212 intended for use by UE 120 (or UE set 120). Transmitting processor 220 can select one or more modulation and decoding schemes (MCS) for UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from UE 120. Network node 110 can process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS selected for UE 120 and can provide data symbols for UE 120. Transmitting processor 220 can process system information (e.g., semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper-layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmitting processor 220 can generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, where applicable, and can provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a set 232 of corresponding modems (e.g., T modems) (shown as modems 232a to 232t). For example, each output symbol stream can be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 can use a corresponding modulator component to process the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 can also use a corresponding modulator component to process the output sample stream (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or up-convert) to obtain a downlink signal. Modems 232a to 232t can transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a set 234 of corresponding antennas (e.g., T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a to 234t).

[0051] At UE 120, an antenna set 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r) can receive downlink signals from network node 110 and / or other network nodes 110 and can provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a modem set 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a to 254r). For example, each received signal can be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 can use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each modem 254 can use the demodulator component to further process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 can obtain the received symbols from modem 254, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and provide the detected symbols. The receiver processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide the decoded data for UE 120 to data sink 260, and provide the decoded control information and system information to controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" can refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor can determine Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) parameters, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameters, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) parameters, and / or CQI parameters, etc. In some examples, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in housing 284.

[0052] Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294, controller / processor 290, and memory 292. Network controller 130 may include one or more devices, such as those in a core network. Network controller 130 may communicate with network node 110 via communication unit 294.

[0053] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more collections of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc., or may be included within one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more collections of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, collections of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), collections of coplanar antenna elements, collections of non-coplanar antenna elements, and / or coupled to one or more transmitting and / or receiving components (such as...). Figure 2 One or more antenna elements (one or more components in a )

[0054] On the uplink, at UE 120, the transmit processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reporting including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). The transmit processor 264 can generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 can be pre-decoded by the TX MIMO processor 266 where applicable, further processed by the modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of UE 120 may include a modulator and demodulator. In some examples, UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and / or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to execute this document (e.g., reference). Figures 6 to 9 ( ) any aspect of the method described in the method.

[0055] At network node 110, uplink signals from UE 120 and / or other UEs may be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., demodulator component of modem 232 (shown as DEMOD)), detected by MIMO detector 236, and further processed by receiver processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 120. Receiver processor 238 may provide the decoded data to data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Network node 110 may include communication unit 244 and may communicate with network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Network node 110 may include scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communication. In some examples, modem 232 of network node 110 may include modulator and demodulator. In some examples, network node 110 includes transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to execute this document (e.g., reference). Figures 6 to 9 ( ) any aspect of the method described in the method.

[0056] The controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component may perform one or more technologies associated with PDCP hybrid delivery, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component that can execute or direct, for example Figure 8 The operation of process 800 and / or other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program code for network node 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, the one or more instructions may cause the one or more processors, UE 120 and / or network node 110 to perform or direct, for example, when executed by one or more processors of network node 110 and / or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, transformation and / or interpretation). Figure 8 The operation of process 800 and / or other processes as described herein. In some examples, the execution instructions may include run instructions, transformation instructions, compilation instructions, and / or interpretation instructions, etc.

[0057] In some aspects, the receiver (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110) includes: components for receiving PDCP traffic comprising a plurality of packets associated with a bearer at the receiver's PDCP layer; components for selecting between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets, at least in part based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packets; and / or components for delivering the plurality of packets according to the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets. In some aspects, components for the receiver to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of a communication manager 140, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282. In some aspects, the components for the receiver to perform the operations described herein may include one or more of, for example, a communication manager 150, an antenna 234, a modem 232, a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a transmit processor 220, a TX MIMO processor 230, a controller / processor 240, or a memory 242.

[0058] In some respects, a single processor can perform all the functions described as being performed by that one or more processors. In other respects, the one or more processors can jointly perform a set of functions. For example, a first group(s) of the one or more processors can perform a first function described as being performed by that one or more processors, and a second group(s) of the one or more processors can perform a second function described as being performed by that one or more processors. The first group and the second group of processors can be the same group of processors or can be different groups of processors. The reference to "one or more processors" should be understood as referring to a combination of functions. Figure 2 Any one or more processors described. The reference to "one or more memories" should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of the corresponding device, such as those in conjunction with... Figure 2 The memory described. For example, a function described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or by different subsets of the one or more memories.

[0059] Although Figure 2 The boxes in the diagram are illustrated as different components, but the functions described above with respect to these boxes may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component, or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to transmit processor 264, receive processor 258, and / or TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of controller / processor 280.

[0060] As indicated above, Figure 2 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 2 The descriptions are different.

[0061] The deployment of communication systems such as 5G NR systems can be arranged in a variety of ways using various components or parts. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, network mobility elements, RAN nodes, core network nodes, network elements, base stations, or network equipment can be implemented in either a converged or decomposed architecture. For example, a base station (such as a Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR base station, 5G NB, access point (AP), TRP, or cell, etc.) or one or more units (or components) performing base station functionality can be implemented as a converged base station (also known as a standalone base station or monolithic base station) or a decomposed base station. A "network entity" or "network node" can refer to a decomposed base station or one or more units of a decomposed base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or combinations thereof).

[0062] Aggregated base stations (e.g., aggregated network nodes) can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or cell). Decomposed base stations (e.g., decomposed network nodes) can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more cells (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, the CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other network nodes. DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU can also be implemented as a virtual cell, such as a Virtual Central Unit (VCU), a Virtual Distributed Unit (VDU), or a Virtual Radio Unit (VRU), etc.

[0063] Base station type operation or network design can take into account the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, decomposed base stations can be utilized in IAB networks, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN (such as network configurations initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or Virtualized Radio Access Networks (vRAN, also known as Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN)) to facilitate the scaling of communication systems by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be deployed individually. Decomposed base stations can include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality virtually implemented for at least one unit, which enables flexibility in network design. Each unit of a decomposed base station can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the decomposed base station.

[0064] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating example 300 of an end-to-end data path for data associated with a UE according to this disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, Example 300 includes UE 120, network node 110, and application server 305. UE 120 can communicate with application server 305 via network node 110.

[0065] like Figure 3As shown, application server 305 can send data and acknowledgments (ACKs) to UE 120 via network node 110, and UE 120 can send ACKs and data to application server 305 via network node 110. ACKs sent by UE 120 can be sent in response to receiving data sent by application server 305, and ACKs sent by application server can be sent in response to receiving data sent by UE 120. Modem 310 of UE 120 can receive data and ACKs sent from application server via network node 110. Modem can deliver data received from application server 305 (via network node 110) to one or more applications (shown as "APPS") 320 executing on UE 120 or on a peripheral device attached to or communicating with UE. For example, one or more applications 320 may include one or more data clients (e.g., UDP and / or TCP data clients) associated with one or more data servers of application server 305. Modem 310 can obtain data from one or more applications 320, and modem 310 can send the data obtained from one or more applications 320 to application server 305 via network node 110. Modem 310 can also send ACK to application server 305 via network node in response to receiving data sent from application server.

[0066] The modem 310 of UE 120 may include Layer 1 (L1) 312 and L2 314 of the protocol stack of UE 120, as well as a data processing block 316. L1 312 may include the physical (PHY) layer of UE 120. The PHY layer can perform various operations related to the transmission and reception of data signals. For example, the PHY layer can receive data and ACKs sent from application server 305 via network node 110, and the PHY layer can send ACKs and data to application server 305 via network node 110. L2 314 may include a Media Access Control (MAC) layer, an RLC layer, and a PDCP layer. The PHY layer can receive transport blocks (TBs) using hybrid automatic repeat requests (hybrid ARQ or HARQ) that include data (e.g., packets), and can provide one or more transport channels for the TB to the MAC layer. The MAC layer can map transport channels to logical channels and can provide data to the RLC layer via logical channels. The RLC layer can map logical channels to RLC channels and can provide data to the PDCP layer via RLC channels. The PDCP layer can map RLC channels to radio bearers and deliver data to one or more upper layers via the radio bearers. For example, one or more upper layers may include the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer of UE 120 (e.g., Layer 3 (L3)) and / or the application layer of UE 120 or peripheral devices. Data processing block 316 performs data processing in conjunction with delivering data from the PDCP layer to one or more upper layers. For example, data processing block 316 may process data to perform PDCP header removal, decryption, integrity verification, and / or header decompression, etc.

[0067] As indicated above, Figure 3 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 3 The descriptions are different.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating example 400 of PDCP ordered delivery according to this disclosure.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown by reference numeral 402 in the attached figure, the application server can send multiple packets (e.g., packets 1 to 6) to the UE via a network node, and these multiple packets can be received at the UE's PDCP layer. The multiple packets can be associated with corresponding sequence numbers (e.g., Figure 4 This is related to (1 to 6) in the sequence. For example, the PDCP layer of a network node can assign a sequence number to each of multiple packets. The sequence number associated with a packet indicates the expected order of the multiple packets. Figure 4As shown, packets can be received out of order at the UE's PDCP layer. For example, packets can be received at the UE's PDCP layer in the order of packet 1, packet 2, packet 6, packet 5, packet 4, and packet 3, instead of in the order of packet 1 to packet 6. Figure 4 As shown, packets may include UDP packets (e.g., packets 2, 4, and 6) and TCP packets (e.g., packets 1, 3, and 5). For example, packets may include UDP packets and TCP packets associated with the same bearer.

[0070] In Example 400, the UE's PDCP can use ordered delivery to deliver packets. "Ordered delivery" means that the PDCP layer delivers packets in the order of their assigned sequence numbers. Ordered delivery may be based at least in part on the data client not having OOD enabled for the bearer associated with the packet. In ordered delivery, when the PDCP layer receives a packet, it determines whether the sequence numbers associated with the packet are sequential (e.g., whether the packets have been received in order). If all packets associated with all previous (e.g., lower) sequence numbers have already been delivered by the PDCP layer, the PDCP layer can determine that the sequence numbers associated with the packet are sequential. For example, in Example 400, the PDCP layer can determine that the sequence numbers of packet 1 and packet 2 are sequential (e.g., packet 1 and packet 2 were received in order). In this case, the PDCP layer delivers packet 2 (e.g., to the upper layer) because packet 1 has already been received (and delivered).

[0071] If the PDCP layer has not yet delivered any packets associated with a previous (e.g., a lower) sequence number, the PDCP layer may determine that the sequence number associated with the packet is out of order. As shown by reference numeral 404, if the PDCP layer determines that the sequence number associated with a packet received at the PDCP layer is out of order (e.g., the packet was received out of order at the PDCP layer), the PDCP layer may initiate a reordering timer (e.g., an L2 reordering timer). For example, in Example 400, the PDCP layer may initiate the reordering timer in conjunction with the receipt of packet 6 before packets 3 through 5. For each packet received out of order (e.g., packets 6, 5, and 4 in Example 400), the PDCP layer may buffer the packet until all packets associated with the previous sequence number have been delivered by the PDCP layer or until the reordering timer expires. If packets associated with the previous sequence number are received and delivered before the reordering timer expires, the PDCP layer may deliver the packets in the order of their sequence numbers. If the reordering time expires (without delivery of one or more lost packets associated with the previous sequence number), the PDCP layer may then deliver the buffered packets. However, if one or more lost packets are received after the reordering timer has expired, the PDCP layer may not deliver those one or more lost packets.

[0072] As shown by reference numeral 406 in the attached figure, the UE's PDCP layer can deliver packets in sequence number order. In Example 400, the UE's PDCP layer can buffer packets 6, 5, and 4 (after delivering packets 1 and 2) until packet 3 is received, and then the UE's PDCP layer can deliver packets 3, 4, 5, and 6 in sequence number order. The UE's PDCP layer can deliver packets to the UE's upper layers. For example, PDCP can deliver packets to one or more data clients (e.g., one or more applications) executing on the UE's upper layers (e.g., the application layer). Additionally or alternatively, such as when the UE acts as an AP or tethered host for another device, the UE's PDCP layer can deliver (e.g., via the UE's upper layers) packets to one or more data clients associated with another device.

[0073] As indicated above, Figure 4 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 4 The descriptions are different.

[0074] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating example 500 of PDCP OOD according to this disclosure.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown by reference numeral 502 in the attached figure, the application server can send multiple packets (e.g., packets 1 to 6) to the UE via a network node, and these multiple packets can be received at the UE's PDCP layer. The multiple packets can be associated with corresponding sequence numbers (e.g., Figure 5 This is related to (1 to 6) in the sequence. For example, the PDCP layer of a network node can assign a sequence number to each of multiple packets. The sequence number associated with a packet indicates the expected order of the multiple packets. Figure 5 As shown, packets can be received out of order at the UE's PDCP layer. For example, packets can be received at the UE's PDCP layer in the order of packet 1, packet 2, packet 6, packet 5, packet 4, and packet 3, instead of in the order of packet 1 to packet 6. Figure 5 As shown, packets may include UDP packets (e.g., packets 2, 4, and 6) and TCP packets (e.g., packets 1, 3, and 5). For example, packets may include UDP packets and TCP packets associated with the same bearer.

[0076] In Example 500, the UE's PDCP can use OOD to deliver packets. "OOD," or "immediate delivery," means that the PDCP layer delivers packets in the order they are received at the PDCP layer, which can be out of order relative to the sequence numbers assigned to the packets. In some examples, OOD may be enabled at least in part by the data client (e.g., an application) for the bearer associated with the packet. In OOD, when a packet is received, the PDCP layer may update the PDCP receive (Rx) state to indicate that the packet has been received and deliver the packet immediately (unless the packet can no longer be delivered due to the expiration of a reordering timer). As shown by reference numeral 504, if the PDCP layer determines that the sequence number associated with a packet received at the PDCP layer is out of order (e.g., the packet was received out of order at the PDCP layer), the PDCP layer may start a reordering timer (e.g., an L2 reordering timer). In this case, the PDCP layer may immediately deliver the out-of-order received packet (e.g., the opposite of buffering packets in the case of ordered delivery) and start the reordering timer. For example, when packet 6 is received in Example 500, the PDCP layer may start a reordering timer and deliver packet 6 immediately. If the reordering timer expires before receiving / delivering one or more lost packets associated with a previous (e.g., lower) sequence number, the PDCP layer may not deliver the one or more lost (e.g., lower sequence) packets if they are received after the reordering timer has expired. However, in OOD, the PDCP layer does not wait for the reordering timer to expire to deliver packets received out of order.

[0077] As shown by reference numeral 506 in the accompanying drawings, if all packets (e.g., packets 1, 2, 6, 5, 4, and 3 in Example 500) are received before the timer expires, the UE's PDCP layer may deliver the packets in the same order as they were received at the PDCP layer. Upon receiving each packet, the PDCP layer may deliver it immediately. In Example 500, the PDCP layer may receive packets 5, 4, and 3 before the reordering timer, which is initiated when packet 6 is received, expires, and therefore deliver all packets in the order they were received at the PDCP layer. The UE's PDCP layer may deliver the packets to the UE's upper layers. For example, the PDCP may deliver the packets to one or more data clients (e.g., one or more applications) executing on the UE's upper layers (e.g., the application layer). Additionally or alternatively, such as when the UE acts as an AP or tethered host for another device, the UE's PDCP layer may deliver (e.g., via the UE's upper layers) to one or more data clients associated with another device.

[0078] As indicated above, Figure 5 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 5The descriptions are different.

[0079] Figure 6 This is an illustration of example 600 associated with PDCP hybrid delivery according to this disclosure. Figure 6 As shown, Example 600 includes communication between network node 110 and UE 120. In some aspects, network node 110 and UE 120 may be included in a wireless network (such as wireless network 100). Network node 110 and UE 120 may communicate via a wireless access link (which may include an uplink and a downlink). Figure 6 As shown, UE 120 may include a PDCP layer and an upper layer. For example, the upper layer may be an application layer or an RRC layer (e.g., L3), etc.

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown by reference numeral 605, UE 120 may enable PDCP hybrid delivery for a bearer. The upper layer and / or PDCP layer of UE 120 may enable PDCP hybrid delivery for the bearer to be used by the PDCP layer. In some aspects, an application performing on UE 120 (e.g., at the application layer) may instruct the PDCP layer to enable PDCP OOD (or request enable PDCP OOD) for a bearer on which data associated with the application is to be delivered, and the PDCP layer may enable PDCP hybrid delivery for the bearer in conjunction with the application that instructs to enable PDCP OOD (or requests enable PDCP). In some aspects, the upper layer may instruct multiple filters describing flows that need to be delivered immediately, or multiple filters describing flows that need to be delivered in an ordered manner. In some aspects, the operations described in conjunction with reference numerals 610, 615, and 620 may be performed by UE 120 in conjunction with PDCP hybrid delivery enabled for the bearer.

[0081] like Figure 6 Furthermore, as shown by reference numeral 610, network node 110 can send PDCP traffic including multiple packets associated with a bearer (e.g., a bearer for which PDCP hybrid delivery is enabled), and the PDCP layer of UE 120 can receive this PDCP traffic. For example, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can receive multiple packets via the PHY layer, MAC layer, and / or RLC layer of UE 120, as combined with... Figure 3 As described. In some respects, packets may be associated with corresponding sequence numbers. For example, the PDCP layer of network node 110 may assign a sequence number to each of a plurality of packets. The sequence number associated with a packet may indicate the expected order or sequence of packets. In some respects, multiple packets may be received out of order. For example, multiple packets may be received at the PDCP layer of UE 120 in an order different from the order of the sequence numbers associated with the multiple packets.

[0082] In some aspects, multiple packets may include different types of packets associated with the same bearer. For example, multiple packets may include one or more UDP packets (e.g., packets associated with one or more UDP-based applications) and one or more TCP packets (e.g., packets associated with one or more TCP-based applications), etc. In some aspects, multiple packets may include one or more XR packets, VR packets, game packets, video packets, and / or voice packets, etc. In some aspects, multiple packets may include packets associated with one or more data clients. For example, one or more data clients may include one or more applications executing on UE 120 (e.g., at the application layer) and / or one or more applications executing on another device communicating with UE 120 (e.g., in the case where UE 120 acts as an AP or tethered host for another device). In some aspects, multiple packets may be sent to UE 120 from one or more application servers via network node 110. Figure 6 As shown, in Example 600, multiple packets are transmitted to UE 120 via one or more downlink communications through network node 110. In some other examples, multiple packets may be transmitted to UE 120 by another UE via one or more sidelink communications.

[0083] like Figure 6 As further illustrated by reference numeral 615, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can select between immediate delivery (e.g., OOD) or ordered delivery for each of a plurality of packets. For each of a plurality of packets received at the PDCP layer of UE 120, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery based at least in part on one or more packet parameters associated with that packet. For example, when a packet (e.g., a packet associated with a bearer on which PDCP hybrid delivery is enabled) is received at the PDCP layer of UE 120, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can select whether to deliver the packet using immediate delivery (e.g., OOD) or ordered delivery based at least in part on one or more packet parameters associated with that packet. Whenever a packet is received at the PDCP layer of UE 120, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can perform such a selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery based on each packet.

[0084] In some respects, the PDCP of UE 120 may use one or more packet parameters to select immediate delivery (e.g., OOD) for packets of a first type (or more types) (e.g., UDP packets, XR packets, VR packets, game packets, video packets, voice packets, Internal Control Message Protocol (ICMP) (ping) packets, and / or packets matched with a filter associated with a stream that requires immediate delivery, etc.), and to select ordered delivery for packets of another type (or more types) (e.g., TCP packets, bulk data packets, QUIC packets, and / or packets matched with a filter associated with a stream that requires ordered delivery, etc.). For example, one or more packet parameters may include one or more parameters that the PDCP of UE 120 may use to distinguish between packets of the first type (or more types) and packets of the second type (or more types).

[0085] In some aspects, one or more packet parameters used to select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for a packet may include the packet size associated with the packet. For example, different types of packets may be associated with different packet sizes. In some aspects, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for a packet based at least in part on a comparison between the packet size associated with the packet and a reference packet size. The reference packet size may be the packet size associated with a specific type of packet. For example, if the difference between the packet size associated with the packet and the reference packet size meets (e.g., less than or equal to) a threshold, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may select immediate delivery for that packet. In such an example, if the difference between the packet size associated with the packet and the reference packet size does not meet (e.g., greater than) a threshold, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may select ordered delivery. For example, XR and / or VR (XR / VR) traffic may be sent using the UDP transport protocol with a packet size close to 700 bytes. In such an example, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may compare the packet size of the packet with a reference packet size of 700 bytes. If the difference between the packet size and the reference packet size of 700 bytes meets (e.g., less than or equal to) a threshold, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may select immediate delivery for the packet. If the difference between the packet size and the reference packet size of 700 bytes does not meet (e.g., greater than) the threshold, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may select ordered delivery for the packet. In this way, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can use the packet size to select immediate delivery for XR / VR packets (e.g., when the PDCP layer of UE 120 does not specifically know that the packet is an XR / VR packet). In some examples, this determination uses a range of packet sizes. For example, if the packet size is within the range [200, 350] bytes, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may select which to use for immediate delivery of the packet.

[0086] In some aspects, one or more packet parameters used to select between immediate and ordered delivery for a packet may include the packet type indicated in the packet header associated with the packet. In one example, the PDCP header may include an indication of selecting ordered or immediate delivery. In other examples, the transport protocol header may include an indication of selecting ordered or immediate delivery. For example, an indication of the packet type may be included in a packet header associated with a layer higher than the Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer (e.g., the Internet Protocol (IP) layer or higher). In such examples, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may decrypt all or part of the packet's IP header (e.g., IP transport header), TCP header, UDP header, or Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) header to determine the packet type. For example, the packet type may correspond to the transport protocol associated with the packet (e.g., TCP or UDP). The packet type may be explicitly or implicitly indicated by the packet header (e.g., IP header, TCP header, UDP header, or RTP header). In some examples, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can determine whether a packet is a UDP packet or a TCP packet, at least in part, based on the header associated with the packet or by matching some fields (such as IP address, port, QoS, etc.). In such examples, if the packet header indicates that the packet is a UDP packet, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can choose immediate delivery for the packet, and if the header indicates that the packet is a TCP packet, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can choose ordered delivery for the packet.

[0087] In some aspects, one or more packet parameters used to select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for a packet may include parameters indicated in the SDAP header associated with the packet. The SDAP layer is a layer included in L2, above the PDCP layer used for user plane data in the 5G NR radio protocol stack. In some aspects, one or more bits in the SDAP header associated with a packet may be used to indicate the type of packet (e.g., TCP or UDP). In such examples, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may select between immediate delivery (e.g., if the packet is a UDP packet) or ordered delivery (e.g., if the packet is a TCP packet) based at least in part on the type of packet indicated in the SDAP header associated with the packet. In some examples, the SDAP header associated with the packet may include an indication (e.g., a one-bit indication) of whether immediate delivery should be used for the packet. In such examples, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may combine an indication (e.g., using the first value) to select immediate delivery for a packet using an SDAP header that is to be delivered immediately, or the PDCP layer of UE 120 may combine an indication (e.g., using the second value) to select ordered delivery for a packet that is not to be delivered immediately using an SDAP header that is to be delivered in an ordered manner.

[0088] In some aspects, one or more packet parameters used to select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for a packet may include parameters indicated in the PDCP header associated with the packet. In some aspects, one or more bits in the PDCP header associated with the packet may be used to indicate the type of packet (e.g., TCP or UDP). In such examples, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may select between immediate delivery (e.g., if the packet is a UDP packet) or ordered delivery (e.g., if the packet is a TCP packet) based at least in part on the type of packet indicated in the SDAP header associated with the packet. In some examples, the PDCP header associated with the packet may include an indication (e.g., a one-bit indication) of whether to use immediate delivery for the packet. In such examples, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may combine an indication (e.g., using the first bit value) to select immediate delivery for the packet using the PDCP header for immediate delivery, or the PDCP layer of UE 120 may combine an indication (e.g., using the second bit value) to select ordered delivery for the packet by not using the PDCP header for immediate delivery.

[0089] In some aspects, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may use a machine learning (ML) model to select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery of packets, at least in part, based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packet. For example, one or more packet parameters may include packet size, packet arrival time, and / or various portions of the packet header associated with the packet. Different types of traffic and / or traffic associated with different types of applications (e.g., XR / VR traffic and / or gaming traffic, etc.) may utilize different packet sizes and different traffic patterns. In some aspects, the ML model may be trained to distinguish (e.g., classify) different types of packets, at least in part, based on packet size and packet arrival time. In some examples, the ML model may take packet size and packet arrival time as input and output a selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery of the packet, at least in part, based on packet size and packet arrival time. In some other examples, the ML model may take packet size and packet arrival time as input and output the type of packet, at least in part, based on packet size and packet arrival time. In this case, the PDCP layer of UE 120 may select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery of packets, at least in part, based on the type of packet determined using the ML model.

[0090] like Figure 6 Furthermore, as shown by reference numeral 620, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can deliver multiple packets to the upper layer of UE 120 based on a choice between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the multiple packets. The PDCP layer of UE 120 can deliver multiple packets over a bearer associated with the multiple packets. For each of the multiple packets, the PDCP layer of UE 120 can choose immediate delivery for that packet and use immediate delivery, or the PDCP layer of UE 120 can choose ordered delivery for that packet and use ordered delivery.

[0091] In some aspects, the PDCP layer may select immediate delivery for a first group of one or more packets among a plurality of packets associated with a bearer, and the PDCP layer may select ordered delivery for a second group of one or more packets among a plurality of packets. In this case, the PDCP layer may use immediate delivery (e.g., OOD) to deliver the first group of one or more packets, and the PDCP layer may use ordered delivery to deliver the second group of one or more packets. As discussed above in conjunction with reference numeral 610, the plurality of packets may be received out of order at the PDCP layer of UE 120. In some aspects, the delivery of the first group of one or more packets may include the PDCP layer delivering the first group of one or more packets out of order relative to the sequence number associated with the first group of one or more packets, and the delivery of the second group of one or more packets may include the PDCP layer delivering the second group of one or more packets in order relative to the sequence number associated with the second group of one or more packets. In some aspects, XR packets, VR packets, game packets, video packets, and / or voice packets may be included in the first group of one or more packets, and bulk data packets may be included in the second group of one or more packets. In some aspects, UDP packets may be included in the first group of one or more packets, and TCP packets may be included in the second group of one or more packets.

[0092] When the PDCP layer of UE 120 selects immediate delivery for a packet, the PDCP layer can use immediate delivery to deliver the packet. In this case, in conjunction with the PDCP layer of UE 120 receiving a packet and selecting immediate delivery for that packet, the PDCP layer can update the PDCP Rx state associated with the packet to indicate that the packet has been received and deliver the packet immediately to the upper layer (unless the packet cannot be delivered due to the expiration of the reordering timer after receiving an out-of-order packet). Even if the sequence number associated with the packet is out of order (e.g., the packet is received out of order at the PDCP layer of UE 120), the PDCP layer can still deliver the packet immediately. If the PDCP layer determines that the sequence number associated with the packet is out of order (e.g., the sequence number creates a gap relative to the sequence numbers associated with previously delivered packets of one or more packets), the PDCP layer can deliver the packet immediately to the upper layer and start the reordering timer associated with the OOD (e.g., L2 reordering timer). If the reordering timer associated with OOD expires before receiving / delivering a lost packet associated with a previous (e.g., lower) sequence number, the PDCP layer can avoid delivering the lost packet if it is received after the reordering timer associated with the previous (e.g., lower) sequence number.

[0093] When the PDCP layer of UE 120 selects ordered delivery for packets, it can use ordered delivery to deliver packets. In this case, the PDCP layer can determine whether the sequence numbers associated with the packets are sequential (e.g., whether the packets have been received sequentially at the PDCP layer of UE 120). If all packets associated with all previous (e.g., lower) sequence numbers have been delivered by the PDCP layer, the PDCP layer can determine that the sequence numbers associated with the packets are sequential. The PDCP layer can determine whether previous packets (e.g., packets associated with previous sequence numbers) have been delivered, at least in part, based on the PDCP Rx state associated with previous packets. If the PDCP layer determines that the sequence numbers associated with the packets are sequential (e.g., all packets associated with previous sequence numbers have been delivered), the PDCP layer delivers the packets to the upper layer. If the PDCP layer determines that the sequence number associated with a packet is out of order (e.g., at least one lost packet associated with a previous (e.g., a lower) sequence number has not yet been delivered by the PDCP layer), the PDCP layer may buffer the packet and initiate a reordering timer associated with ordered delivery (e.g., an L2 reordering timer). In some examples, different reordering times may be used for the reordering timer associated with ordered delivery and the reordering timer associated with OOD. In some other examples, the same reordering timer may be used for both the reordering timer associated with ordered delivery and the reordering timer associated with OOD.

[0094] In ordered delivery, the PDCP layer may buffer packets until at least one lost packet associated with a previous sequence number is delivered by the PDCP layer or until the reordering timer expires. If at least one lost packet associated with a previous sequence number is delivered before the reordering timer expires, the PDCP layer may deliver buffered packets after at least one lost packet. If the reordering timer expires before at least one lost packet associated with a previous sequence number is delivered, the PDCP layer may then deliver buffered packets without delivering the at least one lost packet. In this case, the PDCP layer may avoid delivering the at least one lost packet if it is received after the reordering timer expires.

[0095] In some aspects, the PDCP layer of the UE can deliver packets to one or more applications (e.g., data clients) executing on the upper layer (e.g., application layer) of the UE 120. In other aspects, the PDCP layer of the UE 120 can deliver packets to the upper layer, and the upper layer can deliver packets to one or more applications (e.g., data clients) executing on the UE 120. Additionally or alternatively, such as when the UE 120 acts as an AP or tethered host for another device, the PDCP layer of the UE 120 and / or the upper layer of the UE 120 can deliver packets to another device (e.g., to one or more data clients associated with the other device).

[0096] In some respects, the above combination Figure 6 The operation of the described UE 120 can be performed by a receiver (e.g., a receiver device). The receiver can be a wireless communication device (or a device at a wireless communication device) that receives packets from another device. In some examples, the receiver can be a UE (e.g., UE 120), such as... Figure 6 As shown. In some other examples, the receiver can be a network node (e.g., network node 110). In such examples, the network node (e.g., the PDCP layer of the network node) can be combined with... Figure 6 Perform the operation for UE 120.

[0097] As indicated above, Figure 6 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 6 The descriptions are different.

[0098] Figure 7 This is an illustration of Example 700 associated with PDCP hybrid delivery according to this disclosure.

[0099] like Figure 7 As shown by reference numeral 702, the application server can send multiple packets (e.g., packets 1 to 6) to the UE (e.g., UE 120) via a network node (e.g., network node 110) and can receive multiple packets at the UE's PDCP layer. These multiple packets can be associated with the same bearer. In some aspects, PDCP hybrid delivery can be enabled for the bearer. For example, a data client (e.g., an application running on the UE) can enable OOD for the bearer, and PDCP can enable PDCP hybrid delivery for the bearer at least in part based on the data client enabling OOD for the bearer. Multiple packets can be associated with corresponding sequence numbers (e.g., Figure 5 This is related to (1 to 6) in the sequence. For example, the PDCP layer of a network node can assign a sequence number to each of multiple packets. The sequence number associated with a packet indicates the expected order of the multiple packets. Figure 7As shown, packets can be received out of order at the UE's PDCP layer. For example, packets can be received at the UE's PDCP layer in the order of packet 1, packet 2, packet 6, packet 5, packet 4, and packet 3, instead of in the order of packet 1 to packet 6. Figure 7 As shown, packets may include UDP packets (e.g., packets 2, 4, and 6) and TCP packets (e.g., packets 1, 3, and 5).

[0100] As described above Figure 6 As discussed in reference numeral 620, the PDCP layer of the UE can select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of a plurality of packets, at least in part, based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packet.

[0101] The UE's PDCP layer can receive packet 1 and select ordered delivery for packet 1. Since packet 1 has the lowest sequence number among multiple packets, the PDCP layer can determine that packet 1's sequence number is not out of order, and the PDCP layer can deliver packet 1 to the UE's upper layer. The PDCP layer can update the PDCP Rx state associated with packet 1 in conjunction with the delivery of packet 1.

[0102] Then, the UE's PDCP layer can receive packet 2 and select immediate delivery for packet 2. The PDCP layer can immediately deliver packet 2 and update the PDCP Rx state associated with packet 2.

[0103] The UE's PDCP layer can then receive packet 6 and select immediate delivery for packet 6. Even if packet 6 is received out of order (e.g., packet 6's sequence number is out of order), the PDCP layer can still deliver packet 6 immediately and update the PDCP Rx state associated with packet 6. In some aspects shown by reference numeral 704, the PDCP layer can initiate a reordering timer (e.g., a reordering timer associated with OOD) based on the determination that packet 6's sequence number is out of order.

[0104] Then, the UE's PDCP layer can receive packet 5 and select ordered delivery for packet 5. The PDCP layer can determine that the sequence number of packet 5 is out of order (e.g., packet 5 was received out of order) because packets 3 and 4 have not yet been delivered by the PDCP layer. The PDCP layer can buffer packet 5 by combining the determination that the sequence number of packet 5 is out of order with the selection of ordered delivery for packet 5. In some examples, the PDCP layer can initiate a reordering timer (e.g., a reordering timer associated with ordered delivery) by combining the determination that the sequence number of packet 5 is out of order (shown by reference numeral 704). In some other examples, the same reordering timer can be used for both OOD and ordered delivery, and the reordering timer initiated in conjunction with the reception of packet 6 can also be applied to packet 5.

[0105] The UE's PDCP layer can then receive packet 4 and choose immediate delivery for packet 4. Even if packet 4 is received out of order (e.g., before packet 3), the PDCP layer can still deliver packet 4 immediately and update the PDCP Rx state associated with packet 4. The PDCP layer is allowed to deliver packet 4, at least in part, based on the fact that packet 4 is received before the expiration of a reordering timer initiated in conjunction with the reception of packet 6 (and / or in some examples, a reordering timer initiated in conjunction with the reception of packet 5).

[0106] Then, the UE's PDCP layer can receive packet 3 and select ordered delivery for packet 3. The PDCP layer can determine that the sequence number of packet 3 is ordered because packets 1 and 2 have already been delivered by the PDCP layer. The PDCP layer can deliver packet 3 in conjunction with determining that the sequence number of packet 3 is ordered. The PDCP layer can be allowed to deliver packet 3, at least in part, based on the fact that packet 4 was received before the expiration of the reordering timer initiated in conjunction with the reception of packet 6 (and / or in some examples, the reordering timer initiated in conjunction with the reception of packet 5). The PDCP layer can update the PDCP Rx state associated with packet 3 in conjunction with the delivery of packet 3. Then, the PDCP layer can deliver the buffered packet 5 in conjunction with the delivery of packets 3 and 4 before the expiration of the reordering timer (e.g., the reordering timer initiated in conjunction with the reception of packet 6 and / or the reordering timer associated with the ordered delivery initiated in conjunction with the reception of packet 5). The PDCP layer can update the PDCP Rx state associated with packet 5 in conjunction with the delivery of packet 5.

[0107] As shown by reference numeral 706, the PDCP layer of the UE can deliver multiple packets depending on the choice between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each packet. That is, the PDCP layer can use immediate delivery (e.g., OOD) to deliver packets 2, 4, and 6 (e.g., UDP packets), and the PDCP layer can use ordered delivery to deliver packets 1, 3, and 5 (e.g., TCP packets). Figure 7 As shown, UDP packets are delivered out of order relative to their sequence numbers, while TCP packets are delivered sequentially relative to their sequence numbers. The UE's PDCP layer can deliver packets to the UE's upper layers. For example, PDCP can deliver packets to one or more data clients (e.g., one or more applications) executing on the UE's upper layers (e.g., the application layer). Additionally or alternatively, such as when the UE acts as an AP or tethered host for another device, the UE's PDCP layer can deliver packets (e.g., via the UE's upper layers) to one or more data clients associated with another device.

[0108] exist Figure 7In Example 700 and elsewhere in this disclosure, TCP and UDP are used as examples of traffic categories requiring ordered delivery and immediate delivery, respectively. However, such traffic is provided as an example, and it should be understood that aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure are similarly applicable to any other kind of traffic requiring ordered delivery and immediate delivery.

[0109] As indicated above, Figure 7 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 7 The descriptions are different.

[0110] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, at a receiver or receiver device according to this disclosure. Example process 800 is an example of an operation performed by a device or receiver (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110) associated with PDCP hybrid delivery.

[0111] like Figure 8 As shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include receiving PDCP traffic (box 810) at the PDCP layer of the receiver, comprising multiple packets associated with a bearer. For example, the receiver (e.g., using...) Figure 9 The receiving component 902 and / or communication manager 906 depicted herein can receive PDCP traffic, including multiple packets associated with a bearer, at the PDCP layer of the receiver, as described above.

[0112] like Figure 8 Further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include selecting between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets, at least in part, based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packet (box 820). For example, the receiver (e.g., using...) Figure 9 The communication manager 906 described above can select between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets based at least in part on one or more packet parameters associated with the packets.

[0113] like Figure 8 Further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include delivering the plurality of packets based on the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets (box 830). For example, the receiver (e.g., using...) Figure 9 The communication manager 906 depicted herein can deliver the plurality of packets according to a choice between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets, as described above.

[0114] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere in this document.

[0115] In the first aspect, choosing between immediate delivery or ordered delivery includes selecting immediate delivery for a packet among multiple packets, and delivering multiple packets includes updating the PDCP reception status of the packet to indicate that the packet has been received, and immediately delivering the packet.

[0116] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the sequence number associated with the packet is out of order, and using immediate delivery to deliver the packet also includes initiating a reordering time associated with out-of-order delivery.

[0117] In the third aspect, choosing between immediate delivery or ordered delivery, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, includes selecting ordered delivery for groups among multiple groups, and delivering multiple groups includes delivering the group by determining that the sequence number associated with the group is in order, or by buffering the group and starting a reordering timer associated with ordered delivery by determining that the sequence number associated with the group is out of order.

[0118] In the fourth aspect, choosing between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the multiple groups, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, includes choosing immediate delivery for a first group of groups and ordered delivery for a second group of groups.

[0119] In the fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, delivering multiple groups includes using immediate delivery to deliver the first group of groups and using ordered delivery to deliver the second group of groups.

[0120] In the sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, multiple packets are received out of order relative to the sequence numbers associated with the multiple packets; delivering the first group of packets using immediate delivery includes delivering the first group of packets out of order relative to the sequence numbers associated with the first group of packets; and delivering the second group of packets using ordered delivery includes delivering the second group of packets in sequence relative to the sequence numbers associated with the second group of packets.

[0121] In the seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the first group includes at least one of extended reality, virtual reality, gaming, or voice.

[0122] In the eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, multiple UDP packets are included in the first group of packets, and multiple TCP packets are included in the second group of packets.

[0123] In the ninth aspect, individually or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, one or more grouping parameters associated with grouping include the grouping size associated with grouping.

[0124] In the tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, one or more packet parameters associated with the packet include the type of packet indicated in the packet header associated with the packet.

[0125] In the eleventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, the packet header is associated with a layer higher than the SDAP layer.

[0126] In the twelfth aspect, the selection between immediate delivery or ordered delivery, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, includes selecting immediate delivery for each of a plurality of packets by combining a packet header associated with the packet indicating that the packet is a UDP packet, or selecting ordered delivery by combining a packet header associated with the packet indicating that the packet is a TCP packet.

[0127] In the thirteenth aspect, individually or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, one or more packet parameters associated with the packet include parameters indicated in the SDAP or PDCP header associated with the packet.

[0128] In the fourteenth aspect, individually or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, one or more grouping parameters associated with grouping include group size and group arrival time, and the selection between immediate delivery or ordered delivery includes using a machine learning model to select between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of a plurality of groups based at least in part on group size and group arrival time.

[0129] In the fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects, delivering multiple packets includes delivering multiple packets to the upper layer of the receiver based on a choice between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each packet.

[0130] although Figure 8 An example box of process 800 is shown, but in some respects, process 800 may include... Figure 8The boxes depicted in the diagram may be compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 800 may be executed in parallel.

[0131] Figure 9 This is a diagram of an example device 900 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 900 may be a receiver (e.g., a UE or a network node), or the receiver may include device 900. In some aspects, device 900 includes a receiving component 902, a transmitting component 904, and / or a communication manager 906 that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, communication manager 906 is combined with... Figure 1 The described communication manager 140 or communication manager 150. As shown, device 900 can communicate with another device 908 (such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, DU, RU or base station)) using receiving component 902 and transmitting component 904.

[0132] In some respects, device 900 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figures 6 to 7 One or more operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, device 900 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein (such as...). Figure 8 The process 800) or a combination thereof. In some respects, Figure 9 The illustrated device 900 and / or one or more components may include a combination Figure 2 One or more components of the described UE or network node. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 9 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 Implementation within one or more components described. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion thereof) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0133] Receiver 902 may receive communications from device 908, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 902 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 900. In some aspects, receiver 902 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.), and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of device 900. In some aspects, receiver 902 may include combinations of... Figure 2The described UE or network node includes one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receiver processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or combinations thereof.

[0134] Transmitting component 904 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 908. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 900 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 904 for transmission to device 908. In some aspects, transmitting component 904 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and can transmit the processed signals to device 908. In some aspects, transmitting component 904 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE or network node may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 904 may co-located with the receive component 902 in one or more transceivers.

[0135] The communication manager 906 may support the operation of the receiving component 902 and / or the transmitting component 904. For example, the communication manager 906 may receive information associated with configuring the reception of communication by the receiving component 902 and / or the transmission of communication by the transmitting component 904. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 906 may generate control information and / or provide control information to the receiving component 902 and / or the transmitting component 904 to control the reception and / or transmission of communication.

[0136] The receiving component 902 can receive PDCP traffic, including multiple packets associated with a bearer, at the PDCP layer of the UE. The communication manager 906 can select between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the multiple packets, at least in part, based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packets. The communication manager 906 can deliver the multiple packets according to the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the multiple packets.

[0137] Figure 9 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In practice, different arrangements may exist. Figure 9 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 9 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 9The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 9 The set (one or more) components shown are executable and described as being composed of Figure 9 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0138] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0139] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a receiver, the method comprising: receiving PDCP traffic comprising a plurality of packets associated with a bearer at a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer of the receiver; selecting, at least in part, between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets based on one or more packet parameters associated with the packets; and delivering the plurality of packets according to the selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets.

[0140] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, wherein selecting between immediate delivery or ordered delivery includes selecting immediate delivery for a group among the plurality of packets, and wherein delivering the plurality of packets includes: updating the PDCP reception status of the packets to indicate that the packets have been received; and immediately delivering the packets.

[0141] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, wherein the sequence number associated with the packet is out of order, and wherein using immediate delivery to deliver the packet further includes: initiating a reordering time associated with out-of-order delivery.

[0142] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein selecting between immediate delivery or ordered delivery includes selecting ordered delivery for a group among the plurality of groups, and wherein delivering the plurality of groups includes: delivering the groups in conjunction with determining that the sequence numbers associated with the groups are sequential; or buffering the groups and initiating a reordering timer associated with ordered delivery in conjunction with determining that the sequence numbers associated with the groups are out of order.

[0143] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein selecting between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups comprises: selecting immediate delivery for a first group of the plurality of groups; and selecting ordered delivery for a second group of the plurality of groups.

[0144] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 5, delivering the plurality of packets includes: delivering the first group of packets using immediate delivery; and delivering the second group of packets using ordered delivery.

[0145] Aspect 7: According to the method of aspect 6, wherein the plurality of packets are received out of order relative to the sequence numbers associated with the plurality of packets, wherein delivering the first group of packets using immediate delivery includes delivering the first group of packets out of order relative to the sequence numbers associated with the first group of packets, and wherein delivering the second group of packets using ordered delivery includes delivering the second group of packets in sequence relative to the sequence numbers associated with the second group of packets.

[0146] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 6 to 7, wherein the first group of groups includes at least one of extended reality grouping, virtual reality grouping, game grouping, or voice grouping.

[0147] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 6 to 8, wherein the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets of the plurality of packets are included in the first group of packets, and wherein the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) packets of the plurality of packets are included in the second group of packets.

[0148] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 9, wherein the one or more grouping parameters associated with the grouping include the grouping size associated with the grouping.

[0149] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 10, wherein the one or more packet parameters associated with the packet include the type of packet indicated in the packet header associated with the packet.

[0150] Aspect 12: According to the method of aspect 11, the packet header is associated with a layer higher than the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer.

[0151] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of Aspects 11 to 12, wherein selecting between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets comprises: selecting immediate delivery in conjunction with the packet header associated with the packet indicating that the packet is a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packet; or selecting ordered delivery in conjunction with the packet header associated with the packet indicating that the packet is a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) packet.

[0152] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 13, wherein the one or more packet parameters associated with the packet include parameters indicated in a Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) header or a PDCP header associated with the packet.

[0153] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 14, wherein the one or more grouping parameters associated with the grouping include group size and group arrival time, and wherein selecting between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups comprises: selecting between immediate delivery and ordered delivery using a machine learning model based at least in part on the grouping size and the group arrival time.

[0154] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 15, wherein delivering the plurality of packets comprises: delivering the plurality of packets to the upper layer of the receiver according to the selection between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets.

[0155] Aspect 17: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more processors; one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0156] Aspect 18: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0157] Aspect 19: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0158] Aspect 20: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0159] Aspect 21: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0160] Aspect 22: A device for wireless communication, the device including a processing system comprising one or more processors and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, the processing system being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0161] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 16.

[0162] While the foregoing disclosure provides examples and descriptions, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations can be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from various aspects of practice.

[0163] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be interpreted broadly as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, "software" should be interpreted broadly as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, etc. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented through various forms of hardware and / or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limiting in any way. Therefore, no specific software code is referred to in this document to describe the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods, as those skilled in the art will understand that the software and hardware can be designed, at least in part, based on the descriptions herein, to implement the systems and / or methods.

[0164] Hardware and data processing means for implementing the various exemplary logic, logic blocks, modules, and circuits described herein can be implemented or executed using general-purpose single-chip or multi-chip processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some aspects, specific processes and methods can be performed by circuitry dedicated to a given function.

[0165] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0166] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically set forth in the claims and / or not disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with each other claim in the set of claims. As used herein, the phrase “at least one of” in the list of items refers to any combination of these entries, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination having multiple identical elements (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0167] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as essential or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and are interchangeable with “one or more.” Similarly, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items mentioned in connection with the article “the” and is interchangeable with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “group” and “cluster” are intended to include one or more entries and are interchangeable with “one or more.” If only one item is desired, the phrase “only one” or similar terminology will be used. Additionally, as used herein, the terms “having” and the like are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B). Furthermore, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “at least partially based on” unless otherwise explicitly stated. Additionally, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be open-ended when used in a series and is interchangeable with “and / or” unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with “any” or “only one”).

Claims

1. A receiver for wireless communication, the receiver comprising: One or more memory units; and One or more processors, said one or more processors coupled to said one or more memories, said one or more processors being configured to cause the receiver to: PDCP traffic, including multiple packets associated with a bearer, is received at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer of the receiver; The selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups is based at least in part on one or more grouping parameters associated with the groups; as well as The plurality of groups are delivered according to the choice between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups.

2. The receiver of claim 1, wherein, in order for the receiver to select between immediate delivery or ordered delivery, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to select immediate delivery for a packet among the plurality of packets, and wherein, in order for the receiver to deliver the plurality of packets, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to: Update the PDCP receive status of the packet to indicate that the packet has been received; and The group shall be delivered immediately.

3. The receiver of claim 2, wherein the sequence number associated with the packet is out of order, and wherein, in order for the receiver to use immediate delivery to deliver the packet, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the receiver to: Initiate reordering time associated with out-of-order delivery.

4. The receiver of claim 1, wherein, in order for the receiver to select between immediate delivery or ordered delivery, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to select ordered delivery for a group among the plurality of packets, and wherein, in order for the receiver to deliver the plurality of packets, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to: The packets are delivered sequentially based on the sequence numbers associated with them; or The packets are buffered and a reordering timer associated with ordered delivery is started by determining that the sequence number associated with the packets is out of order.

5. The receiver of claim 1, wherein, in order for the receiver to select between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to: For the first group of the plurality of groups, immediate delivery is selected; and Ordered delivery is selected for the second group of the plurality of groups.

6. The receiver of claim 5, wherein, in order for the receiver to deliver the plurality of packets, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to: The first group of packets was delivered using immediate delivery; and The second group of packets is delivered using ordered delivery.

7. The receiver of claim 6, wherein the plurality of packets are received out of order relative to the sequence numbers associated with the plurality of packets. In order for the receiver to deliver the first group of packets using immediate delivery, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to deliver the first group of packets out of order relative to the sequence number associated with the first group of packets, and In order for the receiver to deliver the second group of packets using ordered delivery, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to deliver the second group of packets sequentially relative to the sequence numbers associated with the second group of packets.

8. The receiver of claim 6, wherein the first group of packets includes at least one of extended reality packets, virtual reality packets, game packets, or voice packets.

9. The receiver of claim 6, wherein the plurality of packets of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets are included in the first group of packets, and wherein the plurality of packets of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) packets are included in the second group of packets.

10. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the one or more packet parameters associated with the packet include a packet size associated with the packet.

11. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the one or more packet parameters associated with the packet include the type of packet indicated in the packet header associated with the packet.

12. The receiver of claim 11, wherein the packet header is associated with a layer higher than the Service Data Adaptation Protocol layer.

13. The receiver of claim 11, wherein, in order for the receiver to select between immediate delivery or ordered delivery, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to target each of the plurality of packets: Select immediate delivery by combining the packet header associated with the packet, which indicates that the packet is a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packet; or Ordered delivery is selected by combining the packet header associated with the packet, which indicates that the packet is a Sending Control Protocol (TCP) packet.

14. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the one or more packet parameters associated with the packet include parameters indicated in a Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) header or PDCP header associated with the packet.

15. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the one or more packet parameters associated with the packet include packet size and packet arrival time, and wherein, in order for the receiver to select between immediate delivery or ordered delivery, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to target each of the plurality of packets: The machine learning model is used to select between immediate delivery or ordered delivery, based at least in part on the group size and the group arrival time.

16. The receiver of claim 1, wherein, in order for the receiver to deliver the plurality of packets, the one or more processors are configured to cause the receiver to: The plurality of packets are delivered to the upper layer of the receiver based on the choice between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of packets.

17. A method for wireless communication performed by a receiver, the method comprising: PDCP traffic, including multiple packets associated with a bearer, is received at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer of the receiver; The selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups is based at least in part on one or more grouping parameters associated with the groups; as well as The plurality of groups are delivered according to the choice between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein selecting between immediate delivery and ordered delivery comprises selecting immediate delivery for a group among the plurality of groups, and wherein delivering the plurality of groups comprises: Update the PDCP receive status of the packet to indicate that the packet has been received; as well as The group shall be delivered immediately.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the sequence number associated with the packet is out of order, and wherein delivering the packet using immediate delivery further comprises: Initiate reordering time associated with out-of-order delivery.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein selecting between immediate delivery and ordered delivery comprises selecting ordered delivery for a group among the plurality of groups, and wherein delivering the plurality of groups comprises: The packets are delivered sequentially based on the sequence numbers associated with them. or The packets are buffered and a reordering timer associated with ordered delivery is started by determining that the sequence number associated with the packets is out of order.

21. The method of claim 17, wherein selecting between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups comprises: For the first group of the plurality of groups, immediate delivery is selected; as well as Ordered delivery is selected for the second group of the plurality of groups.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein delivering the plurality of packets comprises: The first group of packets was delivered using immediate delivery. as well as The second group of packets is delivered using ordered delivery.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the plurality of packets are received out of order relative to the sequence numbers associated with the plurality of packets. The use of immediate delivery to deliver the first group of packets includes delivering the first group of packets out of order relative to the sequence number associated with the first group of packets, and The use of ordered delivery to deliver the second group of packets includes delivering the second group of packets in sequence relative to the sequence numbers associated with the second group of packets.

24. The method of claim 17, wherein the one or more grouping parameters associated with the group include a group size associated with the group.

25. The method of claim 17, wherein the one or more packet parameters associated with the packet include the type of packet indicated in the packet header associated with the packet.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein selecting between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups comprises: Immediate delivery is selected by combining the packet header associated with the packet, which indicates that the packet is a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packet; or Ordered delivery is selected by combining the packet header associated with the packet, which indicates that the packet is a Sending Control Protocol (TCP) packet.

27. The method of claim 17, wherein the one or more packet parameters associated with the packet include parameters indicated in a Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) header or PDCP header associated with the packet.

28. The method of claim 17, wherein the one or more grouping parameters associated with the grouping include group size and group arrival time, and wherein selecting between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups comprises: The machine learning model is used to select between immediate delivery or ordered delivery, based at least in part on the group size and the group arrival time.

29. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising: One or more instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors of the receiver, cause the receiver to: PDCP traffic, including multiple packets associated with a bearer, is received at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer of the receiver; The selection between immediate delivery and ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups is based at least in part on one or more grouping parameters associated with the groups; as well as The plurality of groups are delivered according to the choice between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups.

30. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: A component for receiving PDCP traffic, including multiple packets associated with a bearer, at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer of the device; Components for selecting between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups, based at least in part on one or more grouping parameters associated with the groups; and A component for delivering the plurality of groups based on the choice between immediate delivery or ordered delivery for each of the plurality of groups.

Images