System and method for implementing aware services

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a system and method for implementing aware services. The system may include: one or more user equipments (UEs); one or more radio access networks (RANs); one or more access and mobility management function (AMF) network elements configured in the core network; and one or more perceptual management function (PMF) network elements configured in the core network and used for performing perceptual service operations, in which the one or more UEs are in communication connection with the one or more PMF network elements via the one RAN and the one or more AMF network elements.

Description

System and method for implementing awareness services Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication systems, and more particularly, to a system and method for implementing awareness services. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, integrated communication and sensing (ISAC) has become a hot research topic in wireless communications and will become one of the core features of future wireless communication systems. For a long time, communication and sensing technologies have developed independently. However, current trends in communication and sensing technologies show that perception systems, such as radar, are becoming increasingly similar to communication systems, such as wireless communication networks, in terms of system architecture, channel characteristics, and signal processing. Furthermore, emerging application scenarios, including the Internet of Things (IoT), the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), smart homes, and smart cities, require the joint design of communication and perception functions.

[0003] During the ISAC standardization process, IEEE pioneered the industry's first ISAC international standard: IEEE 802.11bf (WLAN Sensing). This international standard defines the IEEE 802.11 medium access control (MAC), directed multi-gigabit (DMG), and enhanced DMG (EDMG) physical layers (PHY) to support SENS (sensing) operations for wireless local area networks (WLANs) in unlicensed bands between 1 GHz and 7.125 GHz, and above 45 GHz. The standard designs the Wi-Fi sensing session flow and corresponding frame structure between the PHY and MAC layers. This session flow supports the request, establishment, measurement, and reporting of sensing between access points (APs) and stations (STAs) in Wi-Fi wireless communications.

[0004] WLAN sensing uses the PHY and MAC characteristics of IEEE 802.11 devices to obtain measurements that can be used to estimate the characteristics of a target within a target area. These characteristics may include range, speed, angle, and motion. The target area can be indoors or inside a vehicle.

[0005] 802.11bf proposes a session flow for WLAN sensing, which includes operations such as sensing session establishment, sensing measurement establishment, sensing measurement instance, sensing measurement termination, and sensing session termination between a sensing initiator and a sensing responder.

[0006] However, the WLAN perception process implemented by the above-mentioned 802.11bf may have at least one of the following defects: the solution of the WiFi perception standard is only applicable to the interaction between WLAN network devices, namely AP and STA, and is not applicable to the core network, RAN and other multi-layer network architectures of long-distance wireless communication networks; the WiFi perception protocol only includes the measurement process but does not mention how the measured channel results are aggregated and resolved into the actual perception results; the WiFi perception protocol only supports the measurement process between the MAC and PHY of the device and lacks the unified management and scheduling capabilities of the service; and it does not have the ability to share the perception results with a third party in a trustworthy manner.

[0007] Furthermore, during the ISAC technical standardization process, 3GPP began analyzing and exploring the application of ISAC technology in mobile communications in its Release 19 phase. Communication awareness is considered a native capability of future 6G networks. The ISAC use cases proposed by 3GPP in Release 19 can be categorized into two main categories: indoor and outdoor. Outdoor use cases include intrusion detection in highways, railways, and smart grids; atmospheric or rainfall monitoring; drone monitoring; and flood or insect infestation monitoring. Indoor use cases include monitoring of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and autonomous mobile robots (AMRs); smart homes; and health sensing. However, current wireless communication networks lack the perception service capabilities to support these applications.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present disclosure provides a system and method for implementing perception services, which can realize the end-to-end process of calling, initiating, measuring and reporting perception services, improve the system architecture of the current wireless communication network, and enable the system architecture to have the ability of perception services.

[0010] The first aspect of the present disclosure provides a system for implementing perception services, including: one or more user equipments UE; one or more radio access networks RAN; one or more access and mobility management function AMF network elements configured in the core network; and one or more perception management function PMF network elements configured in the core network and used to perform perception service operations, wherein one or more UEs are communicatively connected to one or more PMF network elements via a RAN and one or more AMF network elements.

[0011] In some embodiments, the system may also include at least one of the following: a perception service client network element, an application function AF network element, a gateway mobile positioning center GMLC network element, a unified data manager UDM network element, a network open function NEF network element, and a perception reference unit SRU, wherein the SRU is a perception measurement reference device for providing perception reference information when performing perception measurement.

[0012] In some embodiments, one of the one or more PMF network elements is selected as a first PMF network element and is configured to perform at least one of the following perception service operations: receiving a perception service request from a perception service initiator; scheduling at least one of a first UE and a first RAN to perform perception measurement; receiving a perception measurement result from at least one of the first UE and the first RAN, wherein the first UE is selected from one or more UEs and the first RAN is selected from one or more RANs; and feeding back the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator; and initiating termination of the perception service.

[0013] A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for implementing a perception service performed by a first user equipment UE, comprising: based on a perception service request from a perception service initiator, enabling a first perception management function PMF network element to schedule the first UE and at least one of a first radio access network RAN ​​to perform perception measurement, wherein the first PMF network element is one of the one or more PMF network elements according to the above-mentioned first aspect, and the first UE is communicated with the first PMF network element via the first RAN; sending the perception measurement result of at least one of the first UE and the first RAN to the first PMF network element for the first PMF network element to resolve the perception measurement result to obtain a perception service result and feeding back the perception service result and / or the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator; and initiating termination of the perception service.

[0014] The third aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for implementing a perception service performed by a first perception management function (PMF) network element, including: receiving a perception service request from a perception service initiator; in response to the received perception service request, scheduling a first UE and at least one of a first radio access network (RAN) to perform perception measurement, wherein the first PMF network element is one of the one or more PMF network elements according to the above-mentioned first aspect, and the first UE is communicated with the first PMF network element via the first RAN; in response to receiving a perception measurement result from at least one of the first UE and the first RAN, resolving the perception measurement result to obtain a perception service result; feeding back the perception service result and / or the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator; and initiating termination of the perception service.

[0015] A fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a chip, which may include a processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory to enable a device in which the chip is installed to perform the method disclosed according to the second aspect or the third aspect.

[0016] A fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored therein. The computer program causes a computer to execute the method disclosed in the second or third aspect. The computer-readable medium may include at least one of the following: a hard disk, a CD-ROM, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, an EPROM, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, and a flash memory.

[0017] A fifth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program product, wherein a computer program is stored, and the computer program enables a computer to execute the method disclosed according to the second aspect or the third aspect.

[0018] A sixth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program, which enables a computer to execute the method disclosed according to the second aspect or the third aspect.

[0019] According to at least one of the above-mentioned aspects, the present disclosure arranges a perception management function network element (such as a PMF network element) in the core network, so that the core network can analyze, schedule, manage, and solve perception needs; enables the core network to have the ability to collect, aggregate, and disclose perception data to the perception service initiator or a trusted third party; can support UE, the network itself, or a third-party client or application to make perception service requests to the mobile communication network; establishes a complete service process to support the mobile communication network's request, initiation, activation, and termination of perception services; supports the exchange, update, storage, and query of perception capabilities between UE and RAN entities and the core network; and supports quality management of perception services, including the perception's confidence level, accuracy, resolution, and service quality grading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or related technologies, the following drawings will be briefly introduced in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and ordinary technicians in this field can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work.

[0021] FIG1 illustrates a block diagram of a network architecture of a system for implementing awareness services according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG2 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a first UE for implementing an awareness service according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG3 illustrates a flow chart of a method for implementing an awareness service performed by a first PMF network element according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG4 illustrates a flowchart of an example method for implementing an awareness service according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG5 illustrates a flowchart of an example method for implementing an awareness service according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG6 illustrates a flowchart of an example method for implementing an awareness service according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG7 illustrates a flowchart of an example method for implementing an awareness service according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG8 illustrates a flowchart of an example method for implementing an awareness service according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG9 illustrates a flowchart of an example method for implementing an awareness service according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG10 illustrates a flowchart of an example method for implementing an awareness service according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] 11 is a block diagram of an example system for wireless communications according to an embodiment of the disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The embodiments of the present disclosure describe technical matters, structural features, objectives and effects in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, as follows. Specifically, the terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, rather than limiting the present disclosure.

[0033] In this disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B."

[0034] In other words, in the present disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B, and C."

[0035] As used in this disclosure, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B". Thus, "A / B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C".

[0036] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. In addition, in the present disclosure, the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted as “at least one of A and B”.

[0037] In addition, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B, and C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B, and C.” In addition, “at least one of A, B, or C” or “at least one of A, B, and / or C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and C.”

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0039] FIG1 illustrates a block diagram of a network architecture of a system for implementing a perception service according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG1 , the network architecture of the system shown in FIG1 may include one or more user equipment (UE) 101; one or more radio access networks (RAN) (e.g., Next Generation Radio Access Network, NG-RAN) 102; one or more access and mobility management functions (AMF) network elements 103 configured in a core network (e.g., a 5G core network (5GC)); and one or more perception management functions (PMF) network elements 104 configured in the core network and used to perform perception service operations, wherein one or more UEs 102 are connected to one or more PMF network elements 104 in communication via a RAN 102 and one or more AMF network elements 103. The above network architecture is for illustration only and is not intended to limit the present application.

[0040] In some embodiments, although FIG1 shows only one UE 101, the system may have two or more UEs 101 and the UE 101 and the RAN 102 may be connected via a Uu interface (not shown in the figure), wherein the UE 101 may be various user devices such as a user station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a wireless communication device, a user agent, etc. Some examples of the UE 101 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a PDA, a mobile Internet device, a wearable device, a virtual reality device, an augmented reality device, etc., and this application is not limited to this.

[0041] In some embodiments, although FIG1 shows only one RAN, the system may include two or more RANs 102, and the RANs 102 may be connected via an Xn interface (not shown). In some embodiments, although FIG1 shows only one AMF network element 103, the system may include two or more AMF network elements 103, and the AMF network element 103 and the RAN 102 may be connected via an N2 interface (e.g., an NG interface).

[0042] In some embodiments, although FIG1 shows only one PMF network element 104, the system may have two or more PMF network elements 104, and the AMF network element 103 may be connected to the PMF network element 104 via an Npmf interface. The PMF network element 104 is a perception service functional module defined for implementing perception services according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The PMF network element 104 according to the present disclosure may be configured to perform perception service operations such as unified scheduling, management, decision-making, and data resolution of the perception service process between at least one of the UE and the RAN and the core network. In addition, the PMF network element 104 according to the present disclosure may also be configured to perform perception service operations such as analyzing the capabilities of the perception device (e.g., UE 101), determining which perception measurement method to use, and providing the UE with location information or data for auxiliary measurement during the perception measurement process. The above-mentioned perception service operations are merely illustrative, and this application is not intended to limit them. In the present disclosure, any network element that can be configured to perform the above-mentioned perception service operations may be referred to as a PMF network element. According to the present disclosure, the PMF network element 104 can transmit messages with the AMF network element 103 through the Npmf interface.

[0043] Additionally, the network architecture of the system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may further include at least one of the following: a perception service client network element 106, an application function (AF) network element 107, a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) network element 105, a unified data manager (UDM) network element 108, a network exposure function (NEF) network element 109, and a sensing reference unit (SRU) 110, wherein the SRU 110 is a perception measurement reference device for providing perception reference information when performing perception measurement. In some embodiments, the SRU 110 can provide perception reference information such as geographic information of the current perception area, location information or motion speed estimation of the perception object at a specific moment when performing perception measurement, and is used to assist the PMF network element 104 in calculating the perception measurement result.

[0044] In some embodiments, one of the one or more PMF network elements 104 may be selected as the first PMF network element 104. The first PMF network element 104 may be configured to perform at least one of the following sensing service operations: receiving a sensing service request from a sensing service initiator; scheduling at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to perform sensing measurement; receiving a sensing measurement result from at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102, wherein the first UE 101 is selected from one or more UEs 101 and the first RAN 102 is selected from one or more RANs 102; resolving the received sensing measurement result to obtain a sensing service result; feeding back the sensing service result to the sensing service initiator; and initiating termination of the sensing service.

[0045] In some examples, scheduling at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to perform perception measurement may include: determining the perception measurement method, process, and quantity used to satisfy the perception service request based on the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the perception service request, the capabilities of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102, the current connection state of the first UE 101, and the type of the perception service client network element; uniformly allocating and scheduling channel resources; and initiating perception measurement to at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102. In summary, the first PMF network element 104 may have various perception service capabilities, such as receiving perception service requests, scheduling and managing perception measurement processes, and aggregating (e.g., reporting) and resolving perception measurement results. The various perception service capabilities of the first PMF network element 104 are further described in detail below and are for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may be configured to receive a perception service request, where the perception service request comes from at least one of the following perception service initiators: a second UE 101 that is the same as or different from the first UE 101 among the one or more UEs 101, a perception service client network element 106, an AF network element 107, or an AMF network element 103 among the one or more AMF network elements 103. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may also be configured to determine the measurement method used in the perception service, the number of measurement procedures, and whether the SRU sends perception reference information based on at least one of the following: capabilities of the first UE and the first RAN, quality of service (QoS) requirements carried in the perception service request (further described below), connection status of first UEs of different access types (further described below), perception service client type (further described below), etc.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may also be configured to schedule and manage perception measurements for the perception service. For example, the first PMF network element 104 may be configured to cancel or terminate perception measurements for the perception service. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may be configured to provide assistance data in encrypted or unencrypted form to the first UE 101 and forward encryption keys to a UE 101 subscribed to the perception service via the AMF network element 103, where the UE may be at least one of the following: the first UE 101, the second UE 101, or one of one or more UEs 101. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may also be configured to receive first UE perception capabilities stored at the AMF network element 103 and / or provide updated first UE perception capabilities to the AMF network element 103. In addition, the first PMF network element 104 may also be configured to store perception reference information of the SRU 110, select an SRU 110 to participate in perception measurements, and support association, reassociation, and disassociation with the SRU 110.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may be further configured to perform data resolution based on the perception measurement result to obtain a perception service result, and to feed back the perception service result and / or the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator based on the perception service request. Furthermore, the first PMF network element 104 may be further configured to perform data resolution based on the perception measurement result and the perception reference information of the SRU 110 to obtain a perception service result, and to feed back the perception service result and / or the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator.

[0049] In some embodiments, one of the one or more AMF network elements 103 may be selected as the first AMF network element 103, and the first AMF network element 103 may be configured to perform at least one of the following operations: selecting the first PMF network element 104 from the one or more PMF network elements 104; sending the awareness service request from the awareness service initiator to the first PMF network element 104; and sending the awareness measurement result from the first PMF network element 104 to the awareness service initiator. For example, the first AMF 103 may receive and manage the awareness service request, store the UE awareness capability and send the UE awareness capability to the first PMF network element 104, and perform the selection of the first PMF network element 104, etc. In some embodiments, the UDM network element 108 may be configured to perform at least one of the following operations: storing information related to the awareness service, sending first UE awareness information to the first AMF network element 103 based on a first UE awareness information query request from the first AMF network element 103; and sending a PMF network element profile to the first AMF network element 103 based on a PMF network element profile query request from the first AMF network element 103, wherein the information related to the awareness service includes at least one of the following: first UE awareness information, a PMF network element profile, a list of GMLC network elements, and an SRU indication, and wherein the first awareness information includes an identifier of the PMF network element 104 with which the first UE 101 has established an awareness connection. For example, the UDM network element 108 may store a user privacy profile and routing information of the awareness service, available SRU awareness reference information, and the like. In some embodiments, the GMLC network element 105 may be configured to perform at least one of the following: select one of the one or more AMF network elements 103 as the first AMF network element 103, send a sensing service request from the sensing service initiator to the first AMF network element 103; and send a sensing service result from the first AMF network element 103 to the sensing service initiator. For example, the GMLC network element 105 may include the functionality required to support the sensing service and may accept or reject the sensing request from the sensing service client network element 106. In some embodiments, the AF network element 107 may be configured to send the sensing service request to the GMLC network element 105 via the NEF network element 109. In some embodiments, the NEF network element 109 may be configured to access the sensing service request from the AF network element 107 via an application programming interface (API) and forward the request to the GMLC network element 105, and disclose sensing information to the AF network element 107 based on the disclosure request. In some embodiments, each of the one or more UEs 101 may be configured to perform at least one of the following: initiate a sensing service; and participate in sensing measurements.For example, UE 101 may perform a perception measurement process and send the perception measurement result to the first PMF network element 104 for resolution, may obtain the perception measurement result and calculate the perception measurement result using the auxiliary data provided by the first RAN 102 and / or SRU 110, or may obtain the perception measurement result and calculate the perception measurement result without using the above-mentioned auxiliary data, and so on.

[0050] In the above embodiments, the present disclosure describes examples of some functions possessed (implemented) by some components in the network architecture of the system shown in FIG. 1 , which are mainly for illustrative purposes and not restrictive.

[0051] Figure 2 illustrates a flowchart of a method for implementing a perception service performed by a first UE 101 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The order in which the method blocks are described is not intended to be interpreted as limiting, and any number of the described method blocks can be skipped or combined in any order to implement the method or alternative method. Generally, any of the components, modules, methods, and operations described herein can be implemented using software, firmware, hardware (e.g., fixed logic circuitry), manual processing, or any combination thereof. Some operations of the example methods can be described in the general context of executable instructions stored on a computer-readable memory locally and / or remotely on a computer processing system, and implementation methods can include software applications, programs, functions, and the like. Alternatively or in addition, any function described herein can be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components, such as, but not limited to, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application specific standard product (ASSP), a system on chip (SoC), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and the like. The method of the present disclosure can be applied to the network architecture of the system shown in Figure 1 and is illustrated and described using the network architecture of the system shown in Figure 1 as an example, but not limiting.

[0052] 2 , in block 201, a first UE 101 initiates a sensing service based on a sensing service request from a sensing service initiator, so that a first PMF network element 104 schedules at least one of the first UE 101 and a first RAN 102 to perform sensing measurement, and at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 sends a sensing measurement result of at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to the first PMF network element 104, so that the first PMF network element 104 resolves the sensing measurement result to obtain a sensing service result, and feeds back the sensing service result and / or the sensing measurement result to the sensing service initiator, wherein the first PMF network element 104 is one of one or more PMF network elements 104 in the network architecture of the above-mentioned system, and the first UE 101 is communicatively connected to the first PMF network element 104 via the first RAN 102. In some embodiments, the first UE 101 is a first UE 101 selected from one or more UEs 101 in the network architecture of the above-mentioned system. In some embodiments, the first RAN 102 is a first RAN 102 selected from one or more RANs 102 in the network architecture of the above system. In some embodiments, the awareness service initiator may be at least one of the following: a second UE 101 in one or more UEs 101 that is the same as or different from the first UE 101, an awareness service client network element 106, an AF network element 107, or an AMF network element 103 in one or more AMF network elements 103, as described above.

[0053] In some embodiments, the awareness service request may be sent by a first AMF network element 103 selected from one or more AMF network elements 103 in the network architecture of the above system to the first PMF network element 104. In some embodiments, the awareness service initiator may be an awareness service client network element 106 or an AF network element 107, and the first AMF network element 104 may be selected based on one of the following: by the GMLC network element 105 sending an AMF network element addressing request to the UDM network element 108 and receiving a list of AMF network elements for supporting the awareness service from the UDM network element 108; and by the GMLC network element 105 based on network information locally stored by the GMLC network element 105. In some embodiments, when the initiator of the awareness service is the awareness service client network element 106 or the AF network element 107, there are two types of awareness service access methods: a control plane access method, that is, the AF network element 107 accesses the awareness service through the NEF network element 109 and the awareness service client network element 106 accesses the awareness service through the GMLC network element 105; a user plane access method, that is, both the AF network element 107 and the awareness service client network element 106 can access the awareness service through the UE. In some embodiments, the awareness service initiator can be one of one or more AMF network elements 103 and the AMF network element 103 is selected as the first AMF network element 103, wherein the awareness service request initiated by the first AMF network element 103 can generally be used for the perception of emergency events and network-wide notification. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the awareness service initiator may be a second UE 101 that is the same as or different from the first UE 101, and the AMF network element 103 connected to the second UE 101 may be selected as the first AMF network element 103, and the awareness service request may be sent from the second UE 101 to the first AMF network element 103 via the first RAN 102. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the first AMF network element 103 is specified in the awareness service request.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 is specified in the perception service request or determined by the identifier of the PMF network element in the perception information of the first UE. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 is selected based on a PMF network element profile stored locally by at least one of the first AMF network element 103, the GMLC network element 105, or the UDM network element 108 in combination with information related to the selection of the PMF network element included in the perception service request, wherein the information related to the selection of the PMF network element may include at least one of the following: quality of service (QoS) information, configuration information of the first RAN, capabilities of the PMF network element, load of the PMF network element, location of the PMF network element, whether the perception measurement result is transmitted through a single report or multiple reports, reporting time, and whether the first UE has established a connection with the PMF network element. In addition, the PMF network element profile includes at least one of the following: perception service privacy information of the PMF network element and indication information of the PMF network element. Additionally, the PMF network element's perception service privacy information may include at least one of the following: PMF network element configuration information, PMF network element load, and perception service privacy level. Furthermore, the PMF network element's indication information may include at least one of the following: the PMF network element's identifier and the PMF network element's capabilities, wherein the PMF network element's capabilities include at least one of the following: supported perception service request types, supported perception service measurement types, supported perception measurement methods, and supported perception measurement result resolution methods. Furthermore, the perception service request may include at least one of the following: public information and specific information. For example, public information may include at least one of the following: Quality of Service (QoS) information, perception type, perception response time, the identifier of the designated AMF network element, the identifier of the designated PMF network element, the response result type, the perception service area, and the termination of the perception service. For example, QoS information may include at least one of the following: perception accuracy, latency, confidence, false alarms, perception resolution, and QoS level. For example, the perception type may include at least one of the following: single perception or periodic perception. For example, the perceived response time may include at least one of the following: [reporting time, timeout time] and [earliest acceptable reporting time, latest acceptable reporting time]. For example, the perceived service area may include at least one of the following: an indoor area and an outdoor area. For example, the termination of the perceived service may include at least one of the following: explicit termination; and implicit termination.In some embodiments, when the awareness service initiator is the awareness service client network element 106 or the AF network element 107, the specific information may include a list of the first UE 101; or when the awareness service initiator is a second UE 101 different from the first UE 101, the specific information may include at least one of the following: an indication of whether the awareness measurement result is shared with a third party, a list of third parties, and a shared data set; or when the awareness service initiator is the first AMF network element 103, the specific information may include at least one of the following: a list of recipients for receiving the awareness service result and / or the awareness measurement result, and the recipient list includes at least one of the following: the second UE 101, the awareness service client network element 106, or the AF network element 107. In addition, in some embodiments, when there are multiple different awareness service initiators (for example, at least two of the awareness service client network element 106, the AF network element 107, the second UE 101, or the first AMF network element 103), the specific information may include at least the above-mentioned specific information corresponding to the corresponding awareness service initiator. For example, when the initiator of the perception service is the perception service client network element 106 and the second UE 101, the specific information may include at least a list of the first UE 101 and at least one of the following: an indication of whether the perception measurement results are shared with a third party, a list of third parties, and a shared data set. This is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0055] Based on the above description of the PMF network element configuration file, the information included in the PMF network element configuration file can be summarized as follows, as shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1 Information included in the PMF network element configuration file

[0057] As shown in Table 1 above, the information included in the PMF network element configuration file may include at least one of PMF perception service privacy information, PMF indication information, etc. In fact, the information included in the PMF network element configuration file may not be limited to the above information, which is only for illustrative purposes and not limited to this application. PMF perception service privacy information may include at least one of PMF configuration information, PMF load, perception service privacy level, etc. In fact, PMF perception service privacy information may not be limited to the above information, which is only for illustrative purposes and not limited to this application. PMF indication information may include at least one of PMF ID and PMF capability, etc. In fact, PMF indication information may not be limited to the above information, which is only for illustrative purposes and not limited to this application.

[0058] Based on the above description of the perception service request, the information carried in the perception service request can be summarized as follows, as shown in Table 2.

[0059] Table 2 Information carried in the perception service request

[0060] As described in Table 2 above, the information carried in the perception service request may include at least one of public information and specific information. In practice, the information carried in the perception service request may not be limited to the above information, which is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit this application. The public information may include at least one of QoS information, perception type, perception response time, the ID of the designated AMF or PMF, the response result type, the perception service area, and the perception service termination method. In practice, the public information may not be limited to the above information, which is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit this application. The specific information may include: (1) a list of the first UE 101 when the initiator of the perception service is a perception service client network element or an AF network element; (2) at least one of the following when the initiator of the perception service is a second UE different from the first UE: an indication of whether the perception measurement result is shared with a third party, a list of third parties, and a shared data set; or (3) at least one of the following: a list of recipients for receiving the perception service result and / or the perception measurement result when the initiator of the perception service is the first AMF network element, and the list of recipients includes at least one of the following: at least one of the second UE 101, the perception service client network element 106, or the AF network element 107. In fact, the specific information may not be limited to the above information, which is for exemplary purposes only and is not limited to the present application.

[0061] In some embodiments, the awareness requests initiated by the above-mentioned different awareness service initiators can be executed in parallel.

[0062] Furthermore, in some embodiments, at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 transmits a perception measurement result of at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to the first PMF network element 104, for the first PMF network element 104 to resolve the perception measurement result to obtain a perception service result and to feed back the perception service result and / or the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator. For example, the perception measurement may be performed by the first UE 101 and / or the first RAN 102. Furthermore, the first PMF network element 104 may make unified decisions and schedules regarding the measurement method, number of measurement procedures, and whether the measurement requires SRU 110 participation. Furthermore, the first PMF network element 104 may aggregate the perception measurement results from the first UE 101 and / or the first RAN 102 and resolve them to obtain a perception service result. The perception service result may be fed back to the perception service initiator by the first PMF network element 104 via the first AMF network element 103. Furthermore, the first PMF network element 104 may cancel or terminate the perception measurement process.

[0063] In some embodiments, the method may further include: the first UE 101 initiates termination of the perception service. For example, the perception service may be terminated according to the perception service termination method indicated in the perception service request. Additionally, the termination method of the perception service may include explicit termination and implicit termination, wherein explicit termination refers to the perception service initiator sending a termination message to terminate the perception service, and implicit termination includes at least one of the following: automatically terminating the perception service after reaching a fixed number of perception reports or a fixed number of perception measurements, automatically terminating the perception service when the time period for executing the perception service reaches a timing threshold set in the timer of the perception service initiator or the first PMF network element, or automatically terminating the perception service when the measurement result reaches the first result. The above-mentioned implicit termination method is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the present application. The above-mentioned implicit termination method may also include any other implicit termination method known in the art.

[0064] FIG3 illustrates a flowchart of a method for implementing a service awareness service performed by the first PMF network element 104 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The order in which the method blocks are described is not intended to be construed as limiting, and any number of the described method blocks can be skipped or combined in any order to implement the method or an alternative method. Generally, any of the components, modules, methods, and operations described herein can be implemented using software, firmware, hardware (e.g., fixed logic circuitry), manual processing, or any combination thereof. Some operations of the example methods can be described in the general context of executable instructions stored on a computer-readable memory local and / or remote to a computer processing system, and implementations can include software applications, programs, functions, and the like. Alternatively or in addition, any functionality described herein can be performed, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components, such as, but not limited to, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application specific standard product (ASSP), a system on a chip (SoC), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and the like. The method of the present disclosure can be applied to the network architecture of the system shown in FIG1 and is described using the network architecture of the system shown in FIG1 as an example, but not as a limitation.

[0065] 3 , in block 301, the first PMF network element 104 receives a perception service request from a perception service initiator. In some embodiments, the perception service request is sent from the perception service initiator to the first PMF network element 104 via a first AMF network element 103 selected from one or more AMF network elements 103 in the network architecture of the above-mentioned system. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 is specified in the perception service request or is determined by an identifier of the PMF network element in the first UE perception information. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 is selected based on a PMF network element profile stored locally in at least one of the first AMF network element 103, the GMLC network element 105, or the UDM network element 108, in combination with information related to the selection of the PMF network element included in the perception service request.

[0066] In block 302, in response to the received perception service request, at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 is scheduled to perform perception measurements, wherein the selection of the first PMF network element 104, the first UE 101, and the first RAN is as described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 2 and is not repeated for the sake of brevity, and the first UE 101 is communicatively connected to the first PMF network element 104 via the first RAN 102.

[0067] At block 303 , in response to receiving a perception measurement result from at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 , the perception measurement result is resolved to obtain a perception service result.

[0068] In block 304 , the sensing service result and / or the sensing measurement result is fed back to the sensing service initiator.

[0069] In some implementations, the method may further include: initiating termination of the awareness service.

[0070] In addition, the information included in the awareness service request, the selection of the awareness service initiator, the selection of the first AMF network element 103, the selection of the first PMF network element 104, and the information related to the selection of the PMF network element, etc. can be implemented with reference to the embodiment corresponding to Figure 2. The details are not repeated for the purpose of brevity.

[0071] To further illustrate the methods shown in FIG. 2 and / or FIG. 3 , some example methods are described in detail below.

[0072] Figure 4 illustrates a flow chart of a method for implementing a sensing service according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. The order in which the method blocks are described is not intended to be understood as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks may be skipped or combined in any order to implement a method or an alternative method.

[0073] In block 401, the awareness service client network element 106 sends an awareness service request to the GMLC network element 105 via the Ngmlc interface. For example, the awareness service request may include the information shown in Table 2 above.

[0074] In block 402, after receiving the awareness service request, the GMLC network element 105 sends an AMF addressing request to the UMD network element 108 through the Nudm interface, for example, querying the UDM network element 108 for a list of AMF network elements that can support the awareness service.

[0075] In block 403, in response to receiving the AMF addressing request, the UDM network element 108 sends an AMF addressing response including a list of AMF network elements supporting the awareness service to the GMLC network element 105, so that the GMLC network element 105 can select an AMF network element 103 supporting the awareness service from the list of AMF network elements as the first AMF network element 103. In addition, the first AMF network element 103 can also be implemented according to the AMF network element selection method in the embodiment described in FIG. 2 .

[0076] In block 404 , the GMLC network element 105 sends an awareness service request to the first AMF network element 103 .

[0077] In block 405 , the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service request to the first UE 101 via the first RAN 102 .

[0078] In block 406 , the first AMF network element 103 sends a UE awareness information request to the UDM network element 108 .

[0079] In block 407, the UDM network element 108 sends a UE awareness information response including UE awareness information to the first AMF network element 103. For example, the UE awareness information may include information as shown in Table 3 below, where the UE awareness information may include an indication that the UE has established an awareness connection with a certain PMF network element serving as the first PMF network element 104.

[0080] Table 3 UE perception information

[0081] As described in Table 3 above, UE awareness information may include at least one of an indication of UE awareness information, a list of GMLC network elements, an indication of an SRU, a PMF configuration file, and the like. In practice, the UE awareness information may not be limited to the above information, which is for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the present application. The indication of UE awareness information may include at least one of: support for or non-support of the awareness service, the validity period of the indication, the awareness service request categories supported by the UE, the time period during which awareness is permitted, the geographical range within which awareness is permitted, a list of awareness service clients and AF network elements supporting the indication, whether sharing of the UE-requested awareness result response with the awareness service client network element or AF network element is permitted, a list of awareness service client network elements and AF network elements permitted to share data, and a list of PMF network elements with which the UE has established a connection. In practice, the indication of UE awareness information may not be limited to the above information, which is for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the present application. The list of GMLC network elements may include, for example, a list of addresses of GMLC network elements in the local network that support the UE awareness service. In practice, the list of GMLC network elements may not be limited to the above information, which is for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the present application. The SRU indication may include information such as whether the UE is allowed to act as an SRU. In fact, the SRU indication may not be limited to the above information, which is for illustrative purposes only and is not limited to this application. The PMF profile may include information such as a list of PMF profiles deployed in the local network to support UE-aware services. In fact, the PMF profile may not be limited to the above information, which is for illustrative purposes only and is not limited to this application. Alternatively, the PMF profile may be as shown in Table 1 above.

[0082] In block 408 (which is optional), if there is an update item for the perception information of the first UE 101, the first UE 101 sends a UE perception information update request carrying the update item to the first AMF network element 103 through the first RAN 102.

[0083] In block 409 (which is optional), the first AMF network element 103 sends the UE awareness information update request to the UDM network element 108 via the Namf interface and the Nudm interface.

[0084] In block 410 (which is optional), the UDM network element 108 updates the stored UE perception information in response to receiving the UE perception information update request and sends a UE perception information response including the UE perception information feedback to the first UE 101. In addition, if the UDM network element 108 fails to complete the update, a retransmission request is included in the UE perception information feedback to request the first UE 101 to retransmit the UE perception information update request including the updated perception information to the UDM network element 108 in order to complete the update of the perception information.

[0085] In block 411, the first AMF network element 103 sends a sensing service request to the first PMF network element 104 via the Npmf interface. In addition, the first PMF network element 104 may also be determined according to the selection method of the PMF network element in the embodiment of FIG2 .

[0086] In block 412, the first PMF network element 104 schedules at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to perform a perception measurement process to obtain perception measurement results, and aggregates and resolves these perception measurement results to obtain a perception service result. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may comprehensively determine the perception measurement method, process, quantity, etc. to meet the perception service request based on factors such as the QoS requirements of the perception service request, the capabilities of the first UE and the first RAN, the current UE connection status, and the type of the perception service client. The first PMF network element 104 may uniformly allocate and schedule channel resources and initiate the perception measurement process for the first UE and / or the first RAN.

[0087] In block 413, the first PMF network element 104 sends a perception result response to the first AMF network element 103, where the perception result response includes the perception measurement result and the perception service result.

[0088] In block 414 , the first AMF network element 103 sends a perception result response to the perception service client 106 via the GMLC network element 105 .

[0089] At block 415, the sensing service may be terminated. In some implementations, the sensing service may be terminated according to the sensing service termination method indicated in the sensing service request. For example, the sensing service termination method may be implicit termination and / or explicit termination as described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 2 . Specifically, when the sensing service is terminated using an explicit termination method, the sensing service initiator (e.g., the sensing service client network element 106) may send a termination message to terminate the sensing service. Alternatively, when the sensing service is terminated using an implicit termination method, the sensing service request may include at least one of the following: a sensing period T of the periodic sensing service, a timing threshold, a number of sensing reports, a threshold number of sensing service executions, and a first result. Termination of the sensing service may be performed by at least one of the following: automatically terminating the sensing service after reaching a fixed number of sensing reports or a fixed number of sensing measurements, automatically terminating the sensing service after the sensing service execution period reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the sensing service initiator or the first PMF network element, or automatically terminating the sensing service after the measurement result reaches the first result. For example, the implicit termination method may be implemented by automatically terminating the sensing service after reaching a fixed number of sensing reports or a fixed number of sensing measurements. For example, the implicit termination method can be implemented by automatically terminating the perception service when the period of execution of the perception service reaches a timing threshold set in the timer of the perception service initiator or the first PMF network element. For another example, the implicit termination method can also be implemented by automatically terminating the perception service when the measurement result reaches a first result. The above implicit termination method is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit this application. The above implicit termination method may also include any other implicit termination method known in the art.

[0090] Figure 5 illustrates a flow chart of a method for implementing a sensing service according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. The order in which the method blocks are described is not intended to be construed as limiting, and any number of the described method blocks may be skipped or combined in any order to implement a method or an alternative method.

[0091] In block 501, the awareness service client network element 106 sends an awareness service request to the GMLC network element 105 via the Ngmlc interface. For example, the awareness service request may include the information shown in Table 2 above.

[0092] In block 502, after receiving the awareness service request, the GMLC network element 105 sends an awareness service request to the AMF network element specified in the awareness service request, serving as the first AMF network element 103, through the Namf interface.

[0093] In block 503 , the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service request to the first UE 101 via the first RAN 102 .

[0094] In block 504, the first AMF network element 103 sends a PMF configuration file request to the UDM network element 108 via the Nudm interface.

[0095] In block 505, the UDM network element 108 sends a PMF configuration response including a list of PMF network elements capable of supporting the awareness service to the first AMF network element 103 in response to receiving the PMF configuration file request. For example, the configuration file may include the information described in Table 1 above.

[0096] In block 506, the first AMF network element 103 selects a PMF network element for processing the awareness service from the list of PMF network elements as the PMF1 network element 104 based on the PMF profile response and the information described in Table 2 above included in the awareness service request. Alternatively, the PMF1 network element 104 may also be selected based on the PMF network element selection method in the embodiment described in FIG2 . The PMF1 network element 104 may be selected from one or more PMF network elements described in the network architecture of the system of FIG1 .

[0097] In block 507 , the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service request to the PMF1 network element 104 .

[0098] In box 508, the PMF1 network element 104 decides to reject the perception service request based on factors such as the QoS requirements carried in the perception service request, the capabilities of the UE and RAN, the current connection status of the first UE, and the type of the perception service client, and sends feedback of rejecting the perception service request to the first AMF network element 103.

[0099] In block 509, the first AMF network element 103 sends a perception service request error report to the GMLC network element 105 in response to receiving feedback that the perception service request was rejected.

[0100] In block 510, the GMLC network element 105 abandons reconnection to the PMF1 network element 104 based on the received awareness service request error report and sends the awareness service request error report to the awareness service client network element 106. Alternatively, the GMLC network element 105 may also reconnect to the PMF1 network element 104 based on the received awareness service request error report and resend the awareness service request to the PMF1 network element 104.

[0101] In box 511, the perception service client network element 106 sends an updated perception service request to the second AMF network element 103 and the PMF2 network element 104 via the GMLC network element 105 in response to receiving the perception service request error report, wherein the updated perception service request includes indication information of the second AMF network element 103 and the PMF2 network element 104 for supporting the perception service.

[0102] In block 512, the second AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service request to the PMF2 network element 104.

[0103] In block 513, the second PMF network element 104 schedules at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to perform a perception measurement process to obtain perception measurement results, and aggregates and resolves these perception measurement results to obtain a perception service result. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may comprehensively determine the perception measurement method, process, quantity, etc. to meet the perception service request based on factors such as the QoS requirements of the perception service request, the capabilities of the first UE and the first RAN, the current UE connection status, and the type of the perception service client. The first PMF network element 104 may uniformly allocate and schedule channel resources and initiate the perception measurement process for the first UE and / or the first RAN.

[0104] In block 514, the second PMF network element 104 sends a perception result response to the second AMF network element 103, where the perception result response includes the perception measurement result and the perception service result.

[0105] In block 515 , the second AMF network element 103 sends a perception result response to the GMLC network element 105 .

[0106] In block 516 , the GMLC network element 105 sends a sensing result response to the sensing service client network element 106 .

[0107] In block 517, the sensing service may be terminated. In some embodiments, the sensing service may be terminated according to the sensing service termination method indicated in the sensing service request. For example, the sensing service termination method may be implicit termination and / or explicit termination as described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 2 . Specifically, when the sensing service is terminated in an explicit termination method, the sensing service initiator (e.g., the sensing service client network element 106) may send a termination message to terminate the sensing service. Alternatively, when the sensing service is terminated in an implicit termination method, the sensing service request may include at least one of the following: a sensing period T of the periodic sensing service, a timing threshold, a number of sensing reports, a threshold number of sensing service executions, and a first result. The sensing service may be terminated by at least one of the following: automatically terminating the sensing service after reaching a fixed number of sensing reports or a fixed number of sensing measurements, automatically terminating the sensing service when the sensing service execution period reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the sensing service initiator or the first PMF network element, or automatically terminating the sensing service when the measurement result reaches the first result. For example, the implicit termination method can be implemented by automatically terminating the perception service after reaching a fixed number of perception reports or a fixed number of perception measurements. For example, the implicit termination method can be implemented by automatically terminating the perception service when the period of execution of the perception service reaches a timing threshold set in the timer of the perception service initiator or the first PMF network element. For another example, the implicit termination method can also be implemented by automatically terminating the perception service when the measurement result reaches a first result. The above implicit termination method is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit this application. The above implicit termination method may also include any other implicit termination method known in the art.

[0108] Figure 6 illustrates a flow chart of a method for implementing a sensing service according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. The order in which the method blocks are described is not intended to be understood as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks may be skipped or combined in any order to implement a method or an alternative method.

[0109] In block 601, the AF network element 107 sends a request for subscription to the public awareness service to the NEF network element 109. After receiving the request, the NEF network element 109 records the subscription information of the AF network element 107.

[0110] In block 602, the AF network element 107 sends an awareness service request to the GMLC network element 105 via the NEF network element 109, wherein the awareness service request includes indication information of the first AMF network element 103 and the first PMF network element 104 that support the awareness service. In addition, the awareness service request may also include the information described in Table 2 above. Alternatively, the determination of the first AMF network element 103 and the first PMF network element 104 may also be implemented based on the selection method of the AMF network element and the PMF network element described in the embodiment of FIG. 2 .

[0111] In block 603 , the GMLC network element 105 sends an awareness service request to the first AMF network element 103 .

[0112] In block 604 , the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service request to the first UE 101 via the first RAN 102 .

[0113] In block 605 , the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service request to the first PMF network element 104 .

[0114] In block 606, the first PMF network element 104 schedules at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to perform a perception measurement process to obtain perception measurement results, and aggregates and resolves these perception measurement results to obtain a perception service result. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may comprehensively determine the perception measurement method, process, quantity, etc. to meet the perception service request based on factors such as the QoS requirements of the perception service request, the capabilities of the first UE and the first RAN, the current UE connection status, and the type of the perception service client. The first PMF network element 104 may uniformly allocate and schedule channel resources and initiate the perception measurement process for the first UE and / or the first RAN.

[0115] In block 607, the first PMF network element 104 sends a perception result response to the first AMF network element 103, where the perception result response includes the perception measurement result and the perception service result.

[0116] In block 608 , the first AMF network element 103 sends a perception result response to the GMLC network element 105 .

[0117] In block 609 , the GMLC network element 105 sends a sensing result response to the AF network element 107 via the NEF network element 108 .

[0118] In block 610, the sensing service may be terminated. In some embodiments, the sensing service may be terminated according to the sensing service termination method indicated in the sensing service request. For example, the sensing service termination method may be implicit termination and / or explicit termination as described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 2 . Specifically, when the sensing service is terminated in an explicit termination method, the sensing service initiator (e.g., AF network element 107) may terminate the sensing service by sending a termination message. Alternatively, when the sensing service is terminated in an implicit termination method, the sensing service request may include at least one of the following: a sensing period T of the periodic sensing service, a timing threshold, a number of sensing reports, a threshold number of sensing service executions, and a first result. The sensing service may be terminated by at least one of the following: automatically terminating the sensing service after reaching a fixed number of sensing reports or a fixed number of sensing measurements, automatically terminating the sensing service when the sensing service execution period reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the sensing service initiator or the first PMF network element, or automatically terminating the sensing service when the measurement result reaches the first result. For example, the implicit termination method can be implemented by automatically terminating the perception service when the execution period of the perception service reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the perception service initiator or the first PMF network element. For another example, the implicit termination method can also be implemented by automatically terminating the perception service when the measurement result reaches a first result. The above implicit termination method is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit this application. The above implicit termination method may also include any other implicit termination method known in the art.

[0119] 7 illustrates a flow chart of a method for implementing a sensing service according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. The order in which the method blocks are described is not intended to be construed as limiting, and any number of the described method blocks may be skipped or combined in any order to implement a method or an alternative method.

[0120] In block 701, the sensing service client network element 106 sends a sensing service request to the GMLC network element 105 via the Ngmlc interface. For example, the sensing service request specifies the sensing period T for the periodic sensing service and specifies an implicit termination mode for the sensing service. For example, after N sensing result responses are reported, each network element terminates the sensing service by default. Furthermore, the sensing service request may include the information shown in Table 2 above.

[0121] In block 702, after receiving the awareness service request, the GMLC network element 105 sends an AMF addressing request to the UMD network element 108 through the Nudm interface, for example, querying the UDM network element 108 for a list of AMF network elements that can support the awareness service.

[0122] In block 703, in response to receiving the AMF addressing request, the UDM network element 108 sends an AMF addressing response including a list of AMF network elements supporting the awareness service to the GMLC network element 105, so that the GMLC network element 105 can select an AMF network element 103 supporting the awareness service from the list of AMF network elements as the first AMF network element 103. In addition, the first AMF network element 103 can also be implemented according to the AMF network element selection method in the embodiment described in FIG. 2 .

[0123] In block 704 , the GMLC network element 105 sends an awareness service request to the first AMF network element 103 .

[0124] In block 705 , the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service request to the first UE 101 via the first RAN 102 .

[0125] In block 706 , the first AMF network element 103 sends a UE awareness information request to the UDM network element 108 .

[0126] In block 707, the UDM network element 108 sends a UE awareness information response including UE awareness information to the first AMF network element 103. For example, the UE awareness information may include information as shown in Table 3 below, where the UE awareness information may include an indication that the UE has established an awareness connection with a certain PMF network element serving as the first PMF network element 104.

[0127] In block 708, the first AMF network element 103 sends a sensing service request to the first PMF network element 104 via the Npmf interface. In addition, the first PMF network element 104 may also be determined according to the PMF network element selection method described in the embodiment of FIG. 2 .

[0128] In block 709, the first PMF network element 104 schedules at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to perform a first perception measurement process to obtain first perception measurement results, and aggregates and resolves these first perception measurement results to obtain a first perception service result. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may comprehensively determine the perception measurement method, process, quantity, etc. to meet the perception service request based on factors such as the QoS requirements of the perception service request, the capabilities of the first UE and the first RAN, the current UE connection status, and the type of the perception service client, uniformly allocate and schedule channel resources, and initiate the perception measurement process for the first UE and / or the first RAN.

[0129] In block 710 , the first PMF network element 104 sends a first perception result response to the first AMF network element 103 , where the first perception result response includes a first perception measurement result and / or a first perception service result.

[0130] In block 711 , the first AMF network element 103 sends a first perception result response to the perception service client 106 via the GMLC network element 105 .

[0131] In block 712, after a sensing period T has elapsed, the first PMF network element 104 schedules at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to perform a second sensing measurement process to obtain a second sensing measurement result and aggregates and resolves the second sensing measurement results to obtain a second sensing service result.

[0132] In block 713 , the first PMF network element 104 sends a second sensing result response to the first AMF network element 103 , where the second sensing result response includes a second sensing measurement result and / or a second sensing service result.

[0133] In box 714, the first AMF network element 103 sends a second perception result response to the perception service client 106 via the GMLC network element 105, and so on. After N perception cycles T, in each perception cycle T of the N perception cycles T, the corresponding perception result response is sent to the perception service client network element 106 via the first AMF network element 103 and the first PMF network element 104.

[0134] In block 715, after the Nth perception result response is sent to the perception service client network element 106 via the first AMF network element 103 and the first PMF network element 104, the perception service is automatically terminated. Alternatively, this embodiment may terminate the perception service using an explicit termination method. For example, the perception service initiator (e.g., the perception service client network element 106) may terminate the perception service by sending a termination message. Alternatively, the perception service request may further include at least one of the following: a timing threshold and a first result. Termination of the perception service may be performed by at least one of the following: automatically terminating the perception service when the duration of the perception service execution reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the perception service initiator or the first PMF network element, or automatically terminating the perception service when the measurement result reaches the first result. For example, an implicit termination method may be implemented by automatically terminating the perception service when the duration of the perception service execution reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the perception service initiator or the first PMF network element. For another example, the implicit termination method may also be implemented by automatically terminating the perception service when the measurement result reaches the first result. The aforementioned implicit termination method is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit this application. The above implicit termination method is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the present application. The above implicit termination method may also include any other implicit termination method known in the art.

[0135] Figure 8 illustrates a flow chart of a method for implementing a sensing service according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. The order in which the method blocks are described is not intended to be understood as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks may be skipped or combined in any order to implement a method or an alternative method.

[0136] In block 801, the second UE 101 sends a perception service request to the first AMF network element 103. The perception service request includes: an indication that the perception service result only needs to be fed back to the perception service initiator; an indication that the perception result response is not shared with a third party; an indication that the perception service is terminated in an explicit manner; and an indication that the perception service needs to be terminated only after the perception service initiator sends a perception service termination message. In addition, the perception service may also include the information shown in Table 2 above.

[0137] In block 802, the first AMF network element 103 sends a UE awareness information request to the UDM network element 108 via Nudm.

[0138] In block 803, the UDM network element 108 sends a UE awareness information response including UE awareness information to the first AMF network element 103. For example, the UE awareness information may include information as shown in Table 3 below, where the UE awareness information may include an indication that privacy information of the UE awareness service is not disclosed to a third party.

[0139] In block 804, the first AMF network element 103 selects a PMF network element for processing the awareness service from the list of PMF network elements as the first PMF network element 104 based on the PMF profile response in combination with the information described in Table 2 above included in the awareness service request. Alternatively, the first PMF network element 104 may also be selected based on the PMF network element selection method in the embodiment described in FIG2 . The first PMF network element 104 may be selected from one or more PMF network elements described in the network architecture of the system of FIG1 .

[0140] In block 805 , the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service request to the first PMF network element 104 .

[0141] In block 806, the first PMF network element 104 schedules at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to perform a sensing measurement process to obtain sensing measurement results, and aggregates and resolves these sensing measurement results to obtain a sensing service result. In this example, the first UE 101 and the second UE 101 are the same UE, as shown in FIG8 . Therefore, in this embodiment, the first PMF network element 104 schedules at least one of the first UE 101 (i.e., the second UE 101) and the first RAN 102 to perform a sensing measurement process to obtain sensing measurement results, and aggregates and resolves these sensing measurement results to obtain a sensing service result. Alternatively, the first UE 101 and the second UE 101 may also be different UEs. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may comprehensively determine the sensing measurement method, process, quantity, etc. to meet the sensing service request based on factors such as the QoS requirements of the sensing service request, the capabilities of the first UE and the first RAN, the current UE connection status, and the type of the sensing service client, uniformly allocate and schedule channel resources, and initiate the sensing measurement process for the first UE and / or the first RAN.

[0142] In block 807 , the first PMF network element 104 sends a sensing result response to the first AMF network element 103 .

[0143] In block 808, since the first UE 101 has established an awareness service connection with the first PMF network element 104 during the awareness service, the first UE 101 sends a UE awareness information update request to the first AMF network element 103.

[0144] In block 809 , the first AMF network element 103 sends a UE awareness information update request to the UDM network element 108 to update the UE awareness privacy information and routing information stored in the UDM network element 108 .

[0145] In block 810, the UDM network element 108 sends a UE perception information update response to the first AMF network element 103 to feed back the update result.

[0146] In box 811, the first AMF network element 103 sends a perception result update notification to the GMLC network element 105 so that the GMLC network element 105 updates the locally stored UE perception service results and records UE billing information, etc.

[0147] In block 812, the UDM network element 108 sends a perception result update response to the first AMF network element 103 to feed back the update result.

[0148] In block 813 , the first AMF network element 103 sends a perception result response to the second UE 101 via the first RAN 102 .

[0149] In block 814, the second UE 101 sends an awareness service termination message to the first AMF network element 103.

[0150] In block 815, the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service termination message to the first PMF network element.

[0151] In block 816, the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service termination message to the GMLC network element 105. The termination of the awareness service is then completed.

[0152] Alternatively, this embodiment may also terminate the sensing service using an implicit termination method. For example, when terminating the sensing service using an implicit termination method, the sensing service request may include at least one of the following: a sensing period T for the periodic sensing service, a timing threshold, a number of sensing reports, a threshold number of sensing service executions, and a first result. Termination of the sensing service may be performed by at least one of the following: automatically terminating the sensing service after reaching a fixed number of sensing reports or a fixed number of sensing measurements, automatically terminating the sensing service when the sensing service execution period reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the sensing service initiator or the first PMF network element, or automatically terminating the sensing service when the measurement result reaches a first result. For example, the implicit termination method may be implemented by automatically terminating the sensing service when the sensing service execution period reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the sensing service initiator or the first PMF network element. For another example, the implicit termination method may also be implemented by automatically terminating the sensing service when the measurement result reaches a first result. The aforementioned implicit termination method is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit this application. The aforementioned implicit termination method may also include any other implicit termination method known in the art.

[0153] Figure 9 illustrates a flow chart of a method for implementing a sensing service according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure. The order in which the method blocks are described is not intended to be understood as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks may be skipped or combined in any order to implement a method or an alternative method.

[0154] In block 901, the AF network element 107 sends a request for subscription to the public awareness service to the NEF network element 109. After receiving the request, the NEF network element 109 records the subscription information of the AF network element 107.

[0155] In block 902, the second UE 101 sends a perception service request to the first AMF network element 103. The perception service request includes an indicator of the first AMF network element 104 supporting the perception service, an indication that the perception service result is shared with a third party, and a list of third parties to be shared. In addition, the perception service may also include the information shown in Table 2 above.

[0156] In block 903, the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness service request to the first PMF network element 104.

[0157] In block 904, the first PMF network element 104 schedules at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to perform a perception measurement process to obtain perception measurement results, and aggregates and resolves these perception measurement results to obtain a perception service result. In this example, the first UE 101 and the second UE 101 are the same UE. Alternatively, the first UE 101 and the second UE 101 may also be different UEs. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may comprehensively determine the perception measurement method, process, quantity, etc. to meet the perception service request based on factors such as the QoS requirements of the perception service request, the capabilities of the first UE and the first RAN, the current connection status of the UE, and the type of the perception service client, uniformly allocate and schedule channel resources, and initiate a perception measurement process for the first UE and / or the first RAN.

[0158] In block 905 , the first PMF network element 104 sends a sensing result response to the first AMF network element 103 .

[0159] In block 906, since the first UE 101 has established an awareness service connection with the first PMF network element 104 during the awareness service, the first UE 101 sends a UE awareness information update request to the first AMF network element 103.

[0160] In block 907 , the first AMF network element 103 sends a UE awareness information update request to the UDM network element 108 to update the UE awareness privacy information and routing information stored in the UDM network element 108 .

[0161] In block 908, the UDM network element 108 sends a UE perception information update response to the first AMF network element 103 to feed back the update result.

[0162] In block 909, the first AMF network element 103 sends a perception result update request to the GMLC network element 105, where the perception result update request includes a list of third-party perception service client network elements and AF network elements whose perception results need to be shared.

[0163] In block 910 , the GMLC network element 105 sends the sensing result update information to the sensing service client network element 106 according to the instruction of the sensing result update request.

[0164] In block 911 , the awareness service client network element 106 sends an awareness result update confirmation to the GMLC network element 105 to complete the awareness result update.

[0165] In block 912 , the GMLC network element 105 sends a sensing result update notification to the NEF network element 109 according to the instruction of the sensing result update request.

[0166] In block 913 , the NEF network element 109 may query that the AF network element 107 that has subscribed to the perception service is in the third-party sharing list and send a perception result update notification to the AF network element 107 .

[0167] In block 914 , the AF network element 107 sends a sensing result update notification response to the NEF network element 109 .

[0168] In block 915 , the NEF network element 108 sends a sensing result update notification response to the GMLC network element 105 to feedback to the GMLC network element 105 that the sharing of the sensing result is completed at the AF network element 107 .

[0169] In block 916, the GMLC network element 105 completes the third-party sharing and local UE perception result update and sends a perception result update notification response to the first AMF network element 103.

[0170] In block 917 , the first AMF network element 103 sends a perception result response to the second UE 101 via the first RAN 102 .

[0171] In block 918, the sensing service may be terminated. The sensing service may be terminated in an implicit and / or explicit manner as described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 2 . Specifically, when the sensing service is terminated in an explicit manner, the sensing service initiator (e.g., the second UE 101) may send a termination message to terminate the sensing service. Alternatively, when the sensing service is terminated in an implicit manner, the sensing service request may include at least one of the following: a sensing period T of the periodic sensing service, a timing threshold, a number of sensing reports, a threshold number of sensing service executions, and a first result. The sensing service may be terminated in at least one of the following: automatically terminating the sensing service after a fixed number of sensing reports or a fixed number of sensing measurements is reached, automatically terminating the sensing service when the sensing service execution period reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the sensing service initiator or the first PMF network element, or automatically terminating the sensing service when the measurement result reaches the first result. For example, the implicit termination may be implemented by automatically terminating the sensing service when the sensing service execution period reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the sensing service initiator or the first PMF network element. For another example, the implicit termination method can also be implemented by automatically terminating the perception service when the measurement result reaches a first result. The above implicit termination method is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit this application. The above implicit termination method can also include any other implicit termination method known in the art.

[0172] Figure 10 illustrates a flowchart of an example method for implementing a sensing service according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure. The order in which the method blocks are described is not intended to be construed as limiting, and any number of the described method blocks may be skipped or combined in any order to implement a method or an alternative method.

[0173] In box 1001, in response to receiving an event that triggers a perception service request, the first AMF network element 103 initiates the perception service request, wherein the event that triggers the perception service request includes: requesting to establish a protocol data unit PDU session related to the applicable regulatory service (for example, emergency session initiation), or the first AMF network element 103 decides to verify the UE position, motion range, etc. through the perception service process, and stops the perception service after perceiving a certain result, such as perceiving the occurrence of an emergency event, stopping the perception service, using network resources for the emergency event session, etc., and the perception service request includes the identifier of the first PMF network element 104 used to support the perception service.

[0174] At 1002, the first AMF network element 103 sends a perception service request to the first PMF network element 104.

[0175] At 1003, the first PMF network element 104 schedules at least one of the first UE 101 and the first RAN 102 to perform a perception measurement process to obtain perception measurement results, and aggregates and resolves these perception measurement results to obtain a perception service result. In some embodiments, the first PMF network element 104 may comprehensively determine the perception measurement method, process, quantity, etc. to meet the perception service request based on factors such as the QoS requirements of the perception service request, network configuration information, capabilities of the first UE and the first RAN, the current connection status of the UE, and the type of the perception service client. The first PMF network element 104 may uniformly allocate and schedule channel resources and initiate the perception measurement process for the first UE and / or the first RAN.

[0176] In block 1004 , the first PMF network element 104 sends a sensing result response to the first AMF network element 103 .

[0177] In block 1005, the first AMF network element 103 sends a perception event notification to the GMLC network element 105 to notify the GMLC network element 105 of the emergency session start. In some embodiments, the GMLC network element 105 may be selected based on an NRF query or configuration in the first AMF network element 103.

[0178] In block 1006, the GMLC network element 1005 sends the perception result information to the perception service client network element 106 (e.g., an external emergency service client), wherein the perception result information includes a perception result response. Alternatively, the GMLC network element 105 may send the perception result information to the perception service client network element 106 upon receiving a request for a perception event from the perception service client network element 106.

[0179] In box 1007 (which is an optional step), after the perception service client receives the perception result information, the emergency service session and / or PDU session can be released between the first UE 101, the first RAN 102 and the first AMF network element 103.

[0180] In block 1008, the first AMF network element 103 sends an awareness event notification to the GMLC network element 1005 to inform the GMLC network element 105 that the emergency session has been released, thereby enabling the GMLC and the awareness service client network element 106 to release any resources associated with the emergency session.

[0181] In addition, the termination of the perception service in this embodiment can be achieved in any termination method known in the art. For example, the termination method can be any of the above-mentioned explicit termination methods and / or implicit termination methods, which are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0182] FIG11 is a block diagram of an example system 700 for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiments described herein can be implemented into a system using any appropriately configured hardware and / or software. FIG11 illustrates system 700, including radio frequency (RF) circuitry 710, baseband circuitry 720, processing unit 730, memory / storage 740, display 750, camera 760, sensor 770, and input / output (I / O) interface 780, coupled to one another as shown.

[0183] The processing unit 730 may include circuits, such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor may include any combination of general-purpose processors and special-purpose processors, such as a graphics processor and an application processor. The processor may be coupled to a memory / storage and configured to execute instructions stored in the memory / storage to enable various applications and / or operating systems running on the system. The RF circuit 710, baseband circuit 720, processing unit 730, memory / storage 740, display 750, camera 760, sensor 770, and I / O interface 780 are well-known components of the system 700, such as, but not limited to, laptop computing devices, tablet computing devices, netbooks, ultrabooks, smartphones, etc. In addition, instructions as a software product may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The software product in the computer is stored in a storage medium and includes multiple commands for a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device) to execute all or some of the steps disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The storage medium includes a USB disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a floppy disk, or other types of media capable of storing program codes.

[0184] The embodiments of the present disclosure are a combination of techniques / processes that may be employed in 3GPP specifications to create a final product.

[0185] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a system for implementing a perception service, comprising: one or more user equipment (UE); one or more radio access networks (RAN); one or more access and mobility management function (AMF) network elements configured in a core network; and one or more perception management function (PMF) network elements configured in the core network and configured to perform perception service operations, wherein the one or more UEs are communicatively connected to the one or more PMF network elements via a RAN and one or more AMF network elements. According to the present disclosure, one of the one or more PMF network elements is selected as a first PMF network element and is configured to perform at least one of the following perception service operations: receiving a perception service request from a perception service initiator; scheduling at least one of a first UE and a first RAN to perform perception measurement; receiving a perception measurement result from at least one of the first UE and the first RAN, wherein the first UE is selected from one or more UEs and the first RAN is selected from one or more RANs; and feeding back the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator; and initiating termination of the perception service. The present disclosure enables the core network to have a perception center network element (such as PMF), which can analyze, schedule, manage, and solve perception needs; enables the core network to have the ability to collect, aggregate, and disclose perception data to the perception service initiator or a trusted third party; can support UE, the network itself, or third-party clients or applications to request perception services from the mobile communication network; establishes a complete service process to support the mobile communication network's request, initiation, activation, and termination of perception services; supports the exchange, update, storage, and query of perception capabilities between UE and RAN entities and the core network; and supports quality management of perception services, including the perception's confidence level, accuracy, resolution, and service quality grading.

[0186] While the present disclosure has been described in connection with what is considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited to the disclosed embodiment, but is intended to cover various arrangements embodied within the broadest interpretation of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for implementing a sensing service, comprising: One or more user equipments UE; one or more radio access networks RAN; One or more access and mobility management function AMF network elements configured in the core network; as well as One or more perception management function PMF network elements configured in the core network and used to perform perception service operations, The one or more UEs are communicatively connected to the one or more PMF network elements via the one RAN and the one or more AMF network elements.

2. The system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of the following: a perception service client network element, an application function AF network element, a gateway mobile positioning center GMLC network element, a unified data manager UDM network element, a network open function NEF network element, and a perception reference unit SRU, wherein, The SRU is a perception measurement reference device used to provide perception reference information when performing perception measurement.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein: One of the one or more PMF network elements is selected as a first PMF network element and is configured to perform at least one of the following service-aware operations: receiving a sensing service request from a sensing service initiator; Scheduling at least one of the first UE and the first RAN to perform perception measurement; receiving a perception measurement result from at least one of the first UE and a first RAN, wherein the first UE is selected from the one or more UEs and the first RAN is selected from the one or more RANs; and Feedback the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator; and Performing termination of the sensing service.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The first PMF network element is also configured to determine the measurement method used in the perception service, the number of measurement processes, and whether the SRU sends perception reference information based on at least one of the following: the capabilities of the first UE and the first RAN, the service quality (Qos) requirements carried in the perception service request, the connection status of the first UE of different access types, and the perception service client type.

5. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The first PMF network element is configured to cancel or terminate the perception measurement of the perception service.

6. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The first PMF network element is also configured to receive the first UE perception capability stored at the AMF network element and / or provide updated first UE perception capability to the AMF network element.

7. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The first PMF network element is further configured to store the perception reference information of the SRU, select the SRU participating in the perception measurement, and support association, reassociation and disassociation with the SRU.

8. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The first PMF network element is further configured to perform data resolution based on the sensing measurement result to obtain a sensing service result and to feed back the sensing service result and / or the sensing measurement result to the sensing service initiator based on the sensing service request.

9. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The first PMF network element is further configured to perform data resolution based on the perception measurement result and the perception reference information of the SRU to obtain the perception service result and feed back the perception service result and / or the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator.

10. The system according to claim 3, wherein: Scheduling at least one of the first UE and the first RAN to perform perception measurement includes: Determine a perception measurement method, process, and quantity for satisfying the perception service request according to a quality of service (QoS) requirement of the perception service request, capabilities of the first UE and the first RAN, a current connection state of the first UE, and a type of the perception service client network element; Centralized allocation and scheduling of channel resources; and A perception measurement is initiated towards at least one of the first UE and the first RAN.

11. The system according to claim 3, wherein: One of the one or more AMF network elements is selected as a first AMF network element and is configured to perform at least one of the following operations: Selecting the first PMF network element from the one or more PMF network elements; Sending the awareness service request from the awareness service initiator to the first PMF network element; as well as Sending the perception measurement result from the first PMF network element to the perception service initiator.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein: The UDM network element is configured to perform at least one of the following operations: Stores information related to the sensing service, Sending first UE perception information to the first AMF network element based on the first UE perception information query request from the first AMF network element; as well as A PMF network element profile is sent to the first AMF network element based on a PMF network element profile query request from the first AMF network element, wherein the information related to the perception service includes at least one of the following: the first UE perception information, the PMF network element profile, a list of GMLC network elements, and a perception reference unit SRU indication, and wherein the first perception information includes an identifier of the PMF network element with which the first UE has established a perception connection.

13. The system of claim 2, wherein: The GMLC network element is configured to perform at least one of the following operations: Selecting one of the one or more AMF network elements as the first AMF network element, and sending the awareness service request from the awareness service initiator to the first AMF network element; as well as Send the perception service result from the first AMF network element to the perception service initiator.

14. The system of claim 2, wherein: The AF network element is configured to send the awareness service request to the GMLC network element through the NEF network element.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein: Each of the one or more UEs is configured to perform at least one of: initiate the sensing service; and participate in sensing measurements.

16. A method for implementing a sensing service performed by a first user equipment UE, comprising: Based on a perception service request from a perception service initiator, the perception service is initiated for a first perception management function PMF network element to schedule at least one of the first UE and the first radio access network RAN ​​to perform perception measurement, and at least one of the first UE and the first RAN sends the perception measurement result of at least one of the first UE and the first RAN to the first PMF network element for the first PMF network element to solve the perception measurement result to obtain a perception service result and feed back the perception service result and / or the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator, wherein the first PMF network element is one of the one or more PMF network elements according to any one of claims 3-15, and the first UE is communicated with the first PMF network element via the first RAN.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein: The perception service request is sent by a first AMF network element selected from the one or more AMF network elements to the first PMF network element.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The awareness service initiator is the awareness service client network element or the AF network element, and the first AMF network element is based on one of the following operations: The GMLC network element is selected by sending an AMF network element addressing request to the UDM network element and receiving a list of AMF network elements supporting the perception service from the UDM network element; and the GMLC network element is selected based on network information locally stored in the GMLC network element.

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The perception service initiator is one of the one or more AMF network elements and the AMF network element is selected as the first AMF network element.

20. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The perception service initiator is a second UE that is the same as or different from the first UE and the AMF network element connected to the second UE is selected as the first AMF network element, and the perception service request is sent from the second UE to the first AMF network element via the first RAN.

21. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The first AMF network element is specified in the perception service request.

22. The method according to claim 16, wherein: The first PMF network element is specified in the perception service request or determined by an identifier of the PMF network element in the first UE perception information.

23. The method according to claim 16, wherein: The first PMF network element is selected based on a PMF network element configuration file stored locally in at least one of the first AMF network element, the GMLC network element or the UDM network element in combination with information related to the selection of the PMF network element included in the perception service request.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein: The information related to the selection of the PMF network element includes at least one of the following: quality of service (Qos) information, configuration information of the first RAN, capability of the PMF network element, load of the PMF network element, location of the PMF network element, whether the perception measurement results are transmitted through a single report or multiple reports, reporting time, and whether the first UE has established a connection with the PMF network element.

25. The method according to claim 23, wherein: The PMF network element configuration file includes at least one of the following: the perceived service privacy information of the PMF network element and the indication information of the PMF network element.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein: The perceived service privacy information of the PMF network element includes at least one of the following: configuration information of the PMF network element, load of the PMF network element, and perceived service privacy level.

27. The method according to claim 25, wherein: The indication information of the PMF network element includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the PMF network element and a capability of the PMF network element, and wherein the capability of the PMF network element includes at least one of the following: supported perception service request types, supported perception service measurement types, supported perception measurement methods, and supported perception measurement result resolution methods.

28. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 27, wherein: The awareness service request includes at least one of the following: public information and specific information.

29. The method according to claim 24 or 28, wherein: The public information includes at least one of the following: service quality Qos information, perception type, perception response time, and the identifier of the specified AMF network element, the identifier of the specified PMF network element, the response result type, the perception service area and the termination of the perception service.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein: The QoS information includes at least one of the following: perception accuracy, latency, confidence, false alarm, perception resolution, and QoS level.

31. The method of claim 29, wherein: The sensing type includes at least one of the following: single sensing or periodic sensing.

32. The method of claim 29, wherein: The perceived response time includes at least one of the following: [reporting time, timeout timing time] and [earliest acceptable reporting time, latest acceptable reporting time].

33. The method of claim 29, wherein: The perceived service area includes at least one of the following: an indoor area and an outdoor area.

34. The method of claim 29, further comprising: Initiate the termination of a perception service, wherein the termination of the perception service includes at least one of the following: explicit termination; and implicit termination, wherein the explicit termination refers to the perception service initiator sending a termination message to terminate the perception service, and the implicit termination includes at least one of the following: automatically terminating the perception service after reaching a fixed number of perception reports or a fixed number of perception measurements, automatically terminating the perception service when the time period for executing the perception service reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the perception service initiator or the first PMF network element, or automatically terminating the perception service when the measurement result reaches a first result.

35. The method of claim 28, wherein: When the perception service initiator is a perception service client network element or the AF network element, the specific information includes a list of the first UE; or when the perception service initiator is a second UE different from the first UE, the specific information includes at least one of the following: an indication of whether the perception measurement result is shared with a third party, a list of the third party, and a shared data set; Or when the perception service initiator is an AMF network element, the specific information includes a list of receivers for receiving the perception service results and / or the perception measurement results, and the list of receivers includes at least one of the following: the second UE, the perception service client network element or the AF network element.

36. A method for implementing a perception service performed by a first perception management function (PMF) network element, comprising: receiving a sensing service request from a sensing service initiator; In response to the received perception service request, scheduling at least one of the first UE and the first radio access network RAN ​​to perform perception measurement, wherein the first PMF network element is one of the one or more PMF network elements according to any one of claims 3-15, and the first UE is communicated with the first PMF network element via the first RAN; In response to receiving a signal from at least one of the first UE and the first RAN Knowing the measurement result, solving the perception measurement result to obtain the perception service result; Feedback the perception service result and / or the perception measurement result to the perception service initiator.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein: The perception service request is sent by a first AMF network element selected from the one or more AMF network elements to the first PMF network element.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein: The awareness service initiator is the awareness service client network element or the AF network element, and the first AMF network element is based on one of the following operations: The GMLC network element is selected by sending an AMF network element addressing request to the UDM network element and receiving a list of AMF network elements for supporting the perception service from the UDM network element; as well as The GMLC network element is selected based on the network information locally stored in the GMLC network element.

39. The method of claim 37, wherein: The perception service initiator is one of the one or more AMF network elements and the AMF network element is selected as the first AMF network element.

40. The method of claim 37, wherein: The perception service initiator is a second UE that is the same as or different from the first UE and the AMF network element connected to the second UE is selected as the first AMF network element, and the perception service request is sent from the second UE to the first AMF network element via the first RAN.

41. The method of claim 37, wherein: The first AMF network element is specified in the perception service request.

42. The method of claim 36, wherein: The first PMF network element is specified in the perception service request or determined by an identifier of the PMF network element in the first UE perception information.

43. The method of claim 36, wherein: The first PMF network element is selected based on a PMF network element configuration file stored locally in at least one of the first AMF network element, the GMLC network element or the UDM network element in combination with information related to the selection of the PMF network element included in the perception service request.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein: The information related to the selection of the PMF network element includes at least one of the following: quality of service (Qos) information, configuration information of the first RAN, capability of the PMF network element, load of the PMF network element, location of the PMF network element, whether the perception measurement results are transmitted through a single report or multiple reports, reporting time, and whether the first UE has established a connection with the PMF network element.

45. The method of claim 43, wherein: The PMF network element configuration file includes at least one of the following: the perceived service privacy information of the PMF network element and the indication information of the PMF network element.

46. ​​The method of claim 45, wherein: The perceived service privacy information of the PMF network element includes at least one of the following: configuration information of the PMF network element, load of the PMF network element, and perceived service privacy level.

47. The method of claim 45, wherein: The indication information of the PMF network element includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the PMF network element and a capability of the PMF network element, and wherein the capability of the PMF network element includes at least one of the following: supported perception service request types, supported perception service measurement types, supported perception measurement methods, and supported perception measurement result solution methods.

48. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 47, wherein: The awareness service request includes at least one of the following: public information and specific information.

49. The method according to claim 44 or 48, wherein: The public information includes at least one of the following: service quality Qos information, perception type, perception response time, and the identifier of the specified AMF network element, the identifier of the specified PMF network element, the response result type, the perception service area and the termination of the perception service.

50. The method of claim 49, wherein: The QoS information includes at least one of the following: perception accuracy, latency, confidence, false alarm, perception resolution, and QoS level.

51. The method of claim 49, wherein: The sensing type includes at least one of the following: single sensing or periodic sensing.

52. The method of claim 49, wherein: The perceived response time includes at least one of the following: [reporting time, timeout timing time] and [earliest acceptable reporting time, latest acceptable reporting time].

53. The method of claim 49, wherein: The perceived service area includes at least one of the following: an indoor area and an outdoor area.

54. The method of claim 49, further comprising: Initiate the termination of a perception service, wherein the termination of the perception service includes at least one of the following: explicit termination; and implicit termination, wherein the explicit termination refers to the perception service initiator sending a termination message to terminate the perception service, and the implicit termination includes at least one of the following: automatically terminating the perception service after reaching a fixed number of perception reports or a fixed number of perception measurements, automatically terminating the perception service when the time period for executing the perception service reaches a timing threshold set in a timer of the perception service initiator or the first PMF network element, or automatically terminating the perception service when the measurement result reaches a first result.

55. The method of claim 48, wherein: When the perception service initiator is a perception service client network element or the AF network element, the specific information includes a list of the first UE; or when the perception service initiator is a second UE different from the first UE, the specific information includes at least one of the following: an indication of whether the perception measurement result is shared with a third party, a list of the third party, and a shared data set; Or when the perception service initiator is an AMF network element, the specific information includes a list of receivers for receiving the perception service results and / or the perception measurement results, and the list of receivers includes at least one of the following: the second UE, the perception service client network element or the AF network element.

56. A chip, comprising: A processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory so that a device in which the chip is installed executes a method according to any one of claims 16 to 35.

57. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored therein, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 16-35.

58. A computer program product comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 16 to 35.

59. A chip, comprising: A processor configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory so that a device in which the chip is installed executes a method according to any one of claims 36 to 55.

60. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored therein, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 36-55.

61. A computer program product comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 36-55.

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