Film mulching device and film mulching hole sowing machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seeding machines, in particular to a film mulching device and a film mulching hole seeding planter, the film mulching device comprises a traction rack, a mulching film roller is arranged on the traction rack, the mulching film roller is used for mounting a mulching film, the traction rack is used for driving the mulching film roller to advance, and the film mulching device further comprises two groups of soil covering assemblies which are respectively arranged on two sides of the advancing direction of the traction rack; the soil covering assembly comprises a ditching structure and a conveying structure, and the ditching structure is arranged on the traction rack and located in front of the mulching film roller. The conveying structure is arranged on the traction machine frame, the ditching mechanism is arranged in front of the mulching film roller, digging can be conducted on one side below the mulching film roller to form a groove, dug soil is conveyed to the position behind the mulching film roller through the conveying structure, the conveying structure conveys the dug soil to the side edge of a mulching film, and the side edge of the mulching film is pressed in the groove through the soil. The mulching film can be further compacted, the possibility of mulching film displacement during hole sowing is reduced, the probability of seedling pressing under the mulching film is reduced, and therefore the yield of crops is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seeders, and particularly to a mulching device and a mulched hole-seeding machine. Background Technology

[0002] Sorghum is drought-resistant, flood-resistant, and salt-tolerant, making it one of the main food crops in saline-alkali areas. During cultivation, to protect seedlings and increase yield, mulching and hill-sowing techniques are commonly used. Mulching increases temperature and moisture retention, while hill-sowing improves ventilation, light penetration, and nutrient conditions, significantly increasing sorghum yield. Simultaneously, mulching and hill-sowing allows for rainwater collection and superimposed utilization, ensuring rainwater reaches the crop roots through the sowing holes, increasing soil moisture content in the rhizosphere and creating a favorable soil moisture environment for the growth of sorghum and other crops.

[0003] In existing technology, the film is usually first covered by a film-covering seeder, and then the seeding is carried out. A film roller is set on the traction frame for installing the film. During operation, the film end is pulled off the film roller and pressed down with soil to start the operation. Soil covering discs are set on both sides behind the film roller. During operation, the soil covering discs turn up the soil on both sides of the film and cover the edge of the laid film.

[0004] The existing mulching method involves laying the mulch film and then covering it with soil from both sides. This makes it difficult to compact the mulch film. When sowing seeds on the mulch film, the film is prone to shifting and misaligning, resulting in misaligned seed holes. After emergence, this can cause seedlings to be crushed under the mulch film, affecting the normal growth of some seedlings and leading to reduced crop yield. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the mulching device and mulching hole seeder provided by the present invention can further compact the mulch after it is laid, prevent the mulch from shifting during hole seeding, avoid misalignment of holes, improve the germination rate, and thus increase the yield.

[0006] The mulching device provided by this invention includes a traction frame, on which a mulch film roller is mounted for installing mulch film, and the traction frame for driving the mulch film roller forward. It also includes two sets of soil covering assemblies, respectively disposed on both sides of the traction frame in the forward direction. Each soil covering assembly includes:

[0007] The trenching structure is set on the traction frame and located in front of the film roller, and is used to excavate trenches in the soil on the side below the film roller.

[0008] The conveying structure, mounted on the traction frame, is used to transport the soil excavated from the trench to the rear of the mulch film roller, so that the soil falls onto the mulch film and presses the sides of the mulch film into the trench.

[0009] Preferably, the trenching structure includes a support plate, which is fixed to the traction frame, and a shovel head is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate.

[0010] Preferably, there are two shovel heads, both of which are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate, and there is a gap between the two shovel heads.

[0011] Preferably, each of the two shovel heads is provided with a roller at the rear, the rollers are arranged axially in the vertical direction, the two rollers are parallel to each other, a support frame is fixedly connected to the rear of the support plate, and two rotating shafts are fixedly connected to the support frame. The rollers are rotatably sleeved on the corresponding rotating shafts. The top of the roller has a first diameter and the bottom has a second diameter, the first diameter being larger than the second diameter.

[0012] Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the roller is provided with a plurality of protrusions evenly distributed thereon.

[0013] Preferably, the conveying structure includes a first conveying cylinder fixedly disposed in front of the mulch film roller. The lower end of the first conveying cylinder has an inlet. A first spiral conveying component is disposed inside the first conveying cylinder for conveying soil from bottom to top. A second conveying cylinder is fixedly disposed above the mulch film roller. One end of the second conveying cylinder is connected to the top of the first conveying cylinder, allowing the soil conveyed from bottom to top in the first conveying cylinder to enter the second conveying cylinder. A second spiral conveying component is disposed inside the second conveying cylinder for conveying soil from front to back. A diversion cylinder is disposed behind the mulch film roller. One end of the diversion cylinder is connected to the end of the second conveying cylinder away from the first conveying cylinder. The other end of the diversion cylinder has an outlet for diverting soil into an excavated trench.

[0014] Preferably, the inlet of the first conveying cylinder is inclined towards the front of the traction frame, and the outlet of the diversion cylinder is inclined towards the rear.

[0015] Preferably, a guide roller is provided below the mulch film roller, the guide roller is rotatably connected to the traction frame, the guide roller is parallel to the mulch film roller, and the outlet height of the drainage tube is higher than the height of the guide roller.

[0016] Preferably, the support plate is arc-shaped, with the concave surface of the arc facing the forward direction of the traction frame. The support plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first conveying cylinder, and the inlet of the first conveying cylinder is located on the concave surface of the support plate.

[0017] Based on this, the present invention also provides a mulched hill-seeding machine, which includes the mulching device described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the mulching device and mulching hole seeder provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The present invention sets the trenching mechanism in front of the mulch film roller, which can excavate a trench on one side below the mulch film roller and transport the excavated soil to the rear of the mulch film roller through a conveying structure. The conveying structure transports the excavated soil to the side of the mulch film, and the soil presses the side of the mulch film into the trench, which can further compact the mulch film, reduce the possibility of mulch film displacement during hole sowing, reduce the probability of seedlings being crushed under the film, and thus increase crop yield.

[0020] 2. In each trenching structure of this invention, two shovels are set at the bottom of the support plate, with a gap between the two shovels. During trenching, a field ridge is formed between the two shovels, with trenches on both sides of the ridge. The excavated soil can press the mulch film into the two trenches. A roller is set behind the shovels, and the roller is set as a cone shape with a larger top and a smaller bottom, so that the two sides of the field ridge form a slope, which makes it easier for the soil to fall on the slope and exert pressure on the mulch film. The slope of the ridge can also generate resistance to the mulch film. Several protrusions are set on the roller to further increase the friction between the field ridge and the mulch film. Under the action of the field ridge, the resistance to the mulch film can be further increased, and the possibility of mulch film displacement can be further reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support plate and the shovel head of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the roller and the shovel head in this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protrusions provided on the roller of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first conveying cylinder and the support plate of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the coating effect of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the coating effect of existing technologies.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Traction frame; 2. Film roller; 3. Conveying structure; 301. First conveying cylinder; 302. First spiral conveying component; 303. Second conveying cylinder; 304. Second spiral conveying component; 305. Diversion cylinder; 4. Trenching structure; 401. Support plate; 402. Shovel head; 403. Support frame; 404. Rotating shaft; 405. Roller; 406. Protrusion; 5. Guide roller. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 8 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0033] Because existing mulching seeders extract soil from both sides of the outer edge of the mulch film, such as Figure 8 As shown, soil is taken from both sides of the outer edge of the mulch film and then turned over to cover the mulch film. In this method of mulching, when the seeding holes are made on the mulch film, the mulch film is subjected to external force and can easily be pulled out from under the covering soil. The soil can easily slide down the slope into the trench dug when the soil was taken out, causing the mulch film to shift. After the mulch film shifts, the seeding holes and the holes in the mulch film can easily become misaligned, resulting in seedlings being crushed under the mulch film, affecting the normal growth of the seedlings and causing crop yield reduction. Based on this, the inventor designed the mulching device and mulching seeding machine in this application.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The coating device provided in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a traction frame 1, on which a mulch film roller 2 is installed. The mulch film roller 2 is used to install mulch film. The traction frame 1 is used to drive the mulch film roller 2 forward. It also includes two sets of soil covering components, which are respectively set on both sides of the forward direction of the traction frame 1. The soil covering components include a trenching structure 4 and a conveying structure 3.

[0036] The trenching structure 4 is mounted on the traction frame 1 and located in front of the film film roller 2. It is used to excavate trenches in the soil on one side below the film film roller 2. The conveying structure 3 is mounted on the traction frame 1. The conveying structure 3 is used to transport the excavated soil to the rear of the film film roller 2, so that the soil falls onto the film film and presses the side of the film film into the trench.

[0037] In this embodiment, the trenching structure 4 can be a trenching plow commonly used in the prior art. The shape of the plow is not limited, as long as it can create a trench.

[0038] In this embodiment, the conveying structure 3 can be selected from one of the following: a screw conveyor, a chain conveyor, or a bucket conveyor.

[0039] When in use, the plastic film is installed on the plastic film roller 2. First, one end of the plastic film is pressed down with soil. The plastic film roller 2 is driven forward by the traction frame 1 to lay the plastic film on the ground. At the same time as laying, the trenching structure 4 digs a trench in front of the plastic film roller 2. After the plastic film is laid, the side of the plastic film is above the trench. The excavated soil is transported backward to the laid plastic film through the conveying structure 3 to press the plastic film into the trench. This can improve the compaction effect of the plastic film and reduce the possibility of plastic film displacement.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the trenching structure 4 includes a support plate 401, which is fixed on the traction frame 1, and a shovel head 402 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 401.

[0041] In order to create a field ridge in the trench and increase the resistance to the plastic film, two shovel heads 402 are provided. Both shovel heads 402 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 401, and there is a gap between the two shovel heads 402.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to form a slope on both sides of the field ridge, so that soil can be retained on the slope and the soil can exert pressure on the mulch film, a roller 405 is set behind each of the two shovel heads 402. The rollers 405 are arranged vertically and are parallel to each other. A support frame 403 is fixedly connected to the rear of the support plate 401. Two rotating shafts 404 are fixedly connected to the support frame 403. The rollers 405 are rotatably sleeved on the corresponding rotating shafts 404. The top of the roller 405 has a first diameter and the bottom has a second diameter. The first diameter is larger than the second diameter.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to further increase the friction between the sloping surface of the field ridge and the plastic film, thereby increasing the resistance to the plastic film, several protrusions 406 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the roller 405. When the roller 405 passes over the field ridge, the sloping surfaces on both sides of the field ridge can form an uneven surface. Under the action of the soil accumulated on the sloping surface, the plastic film can be pressed into the pit, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the resistance of the field ridge to the plastic film.

[0044] In this embodiment, in order to enable the soil to fall continuously, the conveying structure 3 is selected as a screw conveyor. Compared with chain conveyors or bucket conveyors, screw conveyors can carry out continuous conveying. The conveying structure 3 includes a first conveying cylinder 301, which is fixedly installed in front of the mulch film roller 2. The lower end of the first conveying cylinder 301 is provided with an inlet. A first spiral conveying component 302 is provided inside the first conveying cylinder 301 for conveying soil from bottom to top. A second conveying cylinder 303 is fixedly installed above the mulch film roller 2. One end of the second conveying cylinder 303 is connected to the top of the first conveying cylinder 301, so that the soil conveyed from bottom to top in the first conveying cylinder 301 can enter the second conveying cylinder 303. A second spiral conveying component 304 is provided inside the second conveying cylinder 303 for conveying soil from front to back. A diversion cylinder 305 is provided behind the mulch film roller 2. One end of the diversion cylinder 305 is connected to the end of the second conveying cylinder 303 away from the first conveying cylinder 301. The other end of the diversion cylinder 305 is provided with an outlet for diverting soil into the excavated trench.

[0045] The first spiral conveying component 302 includes a rotating shaft rotatably disposed within the first conveying cylinder 301. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to a drive motor, and spiral conveying blades are fitted and fixed on the rotating shaft. The second spiral conveying component 304 has the same structure as the first spiral conveying component 302.

[0046] To facilitate the transport of excavated soil from the inlet of the first conveying cylinder 301 into the first conveying cylinder 301, the inlet of the first conveying cylinder 301 is inclined towards the front of the traction frame 1. To ensure that the transported soil falls accurately above the trench and to prevent the soil from falling too fast and breaking the mulch film, the outlet of the diversion cylinder 305 is inclined towards the rear of the traction frame 1.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, in order to ensure that the mulch film can be accurately pressed into the trench, a guide roller 5 is provided below the mulch film roller 2. The guide roller 5 is rotatably connected to the traction frame 1. The guide roller 5 and the mulch film roller 2 are parallel to each other. The outlet height of the diversion cylinder 305 is higher than the height of the guide roller 5. The guide roller 5 can reduce the height of the mulch film, making it easier for the soil to fall and press it into the trench.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, in order to facilitate the entry of the excavated soil into the first conveying cylinder 301, the support plate 401 is set in an arc shape, with the concave surface of the arc facing the forward direction of the traction frame 1. The support plate 401 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first conveying cylinder 301, and the inlet of the first conveying cylinder 301 is located on the concave surface of the support plate 401.

[0049] Usage and working principle

[0050] The mulching device provided in this embodiment, when in use, firstly, the mulch film is installed on the mulch film roller 2, the mulch film is wrapped around the bottom of the guide roller 5, and one end of the mulch film is pressed down with soil. The traction frame 1 drives the mulch film roller 2 forward to pull the mulch film open and spread it on the field. At the same time, the traction frame 1 drives the shovel head 402 forward to dig trenches. The soil dug out by the shovel head 402 is blocked and gathered by the support plate 401 and enters the first conveying cylinder 301 from the inlet at the lower end of the first conveying cylinder 301. The soil is lifted to the top of the first conveying cylinder 301 by the first spiral conveying component 302. The soil enters the second conveying cylinder 303 from the top of the first conveying cylinder 301. The second spiral conveying component 304 transports the soil from front to back to the rear of the mulch film roller 2. The soil falls from the outlet of the diversion cylinder 305 and onto the pulled-out mulch film. Figure 7 As shown, the plastic film is pressed into the trench to fix it in place.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Based on Example 1, the mulched hole seeder provided in this example includes the mulching device of Example 1, as well as the hole seeder in the prior art. The mulching device and the hole seeder are used together. When in use, the hole seeding step is carried out after the soil falls on the stretched mulch film, so as to avoid misalignment between the seed holes and the mulch film holes.

[0053] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A film covering device, comprising a traction frame (1), wherein a film roller (2) is disposed on the traction frame (1), the film roller (2) is used for installing film, and the traction frame (1) is used to drive the film roller (2) forward, characterized in that, It also includes two sets of soil covering assemblies, respectively disposed on both sides of the forward direction of the traction frame (1), the soil covering assemblies comprising: The trenching structure (4) is set on the traction frame (1) and located in front of the film roller (2) for excavating trenches in the soil on one side below the film roller (2); The conveying structure (3) is set on the traction frame (1). The conveying structure (3) is used to convey the excavated soil to the rear of the mulch film roller (2), so that the soil falls on the mulch film and presses the side of the mulch film into the trench.

2. The coating apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The trenching structure (4) includes a support plate (401), which is fixed on the traction frame (1), and a shovel head (402) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (401).

3. The coating apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Two shovel heads (402) are provided, and both shovel heads (402) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (401), with a gap between the two shovel heads (402).

4. The coating apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A roller (405) is provided behind each of the two shovel heads (402). The rollers (405) are arranged axially in the vertical direction and are parallel to each other. A support frame (403) is fixedly connected to the rear of the support plate (401). Two rotating shafts (404) are fixedly connected to the support frame (403). The rollers (405) are rotatably sleeved on the corresponding rotating shafts (404). The top of the roller (405) has a first diameter and the bottom has a second diameter. The first diameter is larger than the second diameter.

5. The coating apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the roller (405) is provided with a number of protrusions (406).

6. The coating apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying structure (3) includes a first conveying cylinder (301), which is fixedly disposed in front of the mulch film roller (2). The lower end of the first conveying cylinder (301) is provided with an inlet. A first spiral conveying component (302) is disposed inside the first conveying cylinder (301) for conveying soil from bottom to top. A second conveying cylinder (303) is fixedly disposed above the mulch film roller (2). One end of the second conveying cylinder (303) is connected to the top of the first conveying cylinder (301), so that the first conveying cylinder (301) Soil transported from bottom to top in the first conveyor roller (2) can enter the second conveyor cylinder (303). The second conveyor cylinder (303) is equipped with a second spiral conveyor component (304) for transporting soil from front to back. A diversion cylinder (305) is provided behind the mulch roller (2). One end of the diversion cylinder (305) is connected to the end of the second conveyor cylinder (303) away from the first conveyor cylinder (301). The other end of the diversion cylinder (305) is provided with an outlet for diverting soil into the excavated trench.

7. The coating apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The inlet of the first conveying cylinder (301) is inclined toward the front of the traction frame (1), and the outlet of the diversion cylinder (305) is inclined toward the rear of the traction frame (1).

8. The coating apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A guide roller (5) is provided below the mulch film roller (2). The guide roller (5) is rotatably connected to the traction frame (1). The guide roller (5) is parallel to the mulch film roller (2). The outlet height of the diversion tube (305) is higher than the height of the guide roller (5).

9. The coating apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The support plate (401) is configured as an arc, with the concave surface of the arc facing the forward direction of the traction frame (1). The support plate (401) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first conveying cylinder (301), and the inlet of the first conveying cylinder (301) is located on the concave surface of the support plate (401).

10. A mulched hill-seeding machine, characterized in that, Includes the coating device according to any one of claims 1-9.

Images