Eccentric boring bar and cutter relieving device for machining special-shaped cavity

Abstract

The invention discloses an eccentric boring rod and cutter relieving device for machining a special-shaped cavity, relates to the technical field of boring rods, and aims to solve the technical problem that the machining efficiency is affected due to long manual debugging time of the eccentric boring rod. Comprising a first oil storage cavity used for storing hydraulic oil, a second oil storage cavity communicated with the first oil storage cavity and an eccentric wheel installed in a rotating mode, and the end of a first piston rod is fixedly connected with a flexible column used for adjusting the eccentric angle of a tool bit. The dynamic balance assembly comprises a balance cavity and a compensation cavity which protrudes outwards and is formed in the inner cavity wall of the balance cavity, the inner cavity wall of the balance cavity is fixedly connected with a separation bag used for separating the compensation cavity, and a balance weight part is arranged in the balance cavity. The device has the advantages that the eccentric angle of the tool bit can be automatically adjusted, the step of manual timing sequence debugging is omitted, the machining preparation period is greatly shortened, the dynamic balance assembly compensates unbalanced torque in real time, vibration is reduced, the machining precision is improved, and the requirement for batch and efficient machining of special-shaped cavities is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of boring bar technology, and more specifically, to an eccentric boring bar and a tool-relief device for machining irregularly shaped cavities. Background Technology

[0002] Irregularly shaped cavities are typical structures in high-end equipment such as aerospace engine cylinder blocks, hydraulic valve bodies, and core components of engineering machinery. Their internal cavities often exhibit complex features such as irregular curved surfaces, variable diameter steps, eccentric hole systems, and oblique through holes. Eccentric boring bars, because they can be adjusted to allow the same boring bar to process different hole diameters, eccentric hole systems, and variable diameter sections within irregularly shaped cavities, have become the most adaptable dedicated boring bar structure in the boring of irregularly shaped cavities. For example, in variable curvature cavities, when liquid flows inside, the tool retraction device is used to achieve mixing during the medium flow process, while the tool retraction device is used to solve the problem of scratching the machined surface when the boring bar retracts. Together, these two constitute the core technology system for efficient boring of irregularly shaped cavities.

[0003] Existing eccentric boring bars rely on adjusting the radial position of the tool head to change the cutting posture and complete the boring of irregular cavities. However, this method has significant efficiency limitations. When performing semi-finish boring on the inner wall of the cavity after rough boring, operators need to manually adjust the equipment's operating program and achieve precise switching of different radial positions of the tool head through time-sequence control. This not only significantly increases the initial debugging time of the equipment and prolongs the processing preparation cycle, but also increases the cost of manual intervention during operation. It is difficult to meet the needs of high-end equipment for batch and high-efficiency machining of irregular cavities. In view of this, we propose an eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregular cavities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, adapt to practical needs, and provide an eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregular cavities, so as to solve the technical problem that the long manual adjustment time of the current eccentric boring bar affects the machining efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an eccentric boring bar and a tool-relief device for machining irregular cavities, comprising a boring bar handle, the boring bar handle being fixedly connected to the output end of a boring pin device, a tool bar being fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the boring bar handle, a tail rod for rotational support being fixedly connected to the other end of the tool bar, a workpiece to be machined being disposed on the outer side of the tool bar, and a tool head for machining the cavity of the workpiece being machined being disposed on the outer wall of the tool bar; A radial adjustment device, comprising a first oil reservoir for storing hydraulic oil, a second oil reservoir communicating with the first oil reservoir, and an eccentric wheel rotatably mounted thereon. A first piston rod is movably mounted inside the second oil reservoir, and a flexible column for adjusting the eccentric angle of the cutter head is fixedly connected to the end of the first piston rod. A follow-drive mechanism, which includes a second piston rod for pushing hydraulic oil into the first oil reservoir and a limiting rod for moving relative to the tail rod; A dynamic balancing component includes a balancing cavity and an outwardly protruding compensation cavity on the inner wall of the balancing cavity. A separator for separating the compensation cavity is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the balancing cavity, and a counterweight is provided inside the balancing cavity.

[0006] Preferably, the first oil storage chamber is located at the center of the tail rod, the second oil storage chamber is located inside the cutter bar, and the inner diameter of the first oil storage chamber is smaller than the inner diameter of the second oil storage chamber. The second piston rod is movably mounted inside the first oil reservoir, and the second piston rod is used to push the hydraulic oil inside the first oil reservoir to flow to the second oil reservoir.

[0007] Preferably, the tool holder has an installation cavity inside for providing space for the rotation of the eccentric wheel, and a sliding groove is provided on one side of the inner wall of the installation cavity. A slider is slidably installed inside the sliding groove. One end of the slider is fixedly connected to the end of the first piston rod. The change in the amount of hydraulic oil in the second oil storage cavity is used to push the first piston rod and the slider to move. The slide groove is connected to the second oil storage chamber, and a sealing ring for preventing hydraulic oil leakage is fixedly connected at the connection between the slide groove and the second oil storage chamber. The inner ring of the sealing ring is in contact with the outer wall of the first piston rod.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the flexible column is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slider, and the other end of the flexible column is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the eccentric wheel. The lateral movement of the slider is converted into the rotation of the eccentric wheel by the bending deformation of the flexible column. The eccentric wheel is rotatably mounted inside the mounting cavity, and the eccentric wheel rod protrudes from the outer wall of the mounting cavity and is fixedly connected to the cutter head.

[0009] Preferably, a retaining sleeve is provided inside the tail rod, and a limit ring is rotatably installed on the inner ring of the retaining sleeve. Both outer walls of the inner ring of the limit ring are provided with inlets and outlets for the movement of the limit rod. One side of the inner wall of the inlet and outlet is provided with a locking groove for locking the limit rod. The limit rod rotates with the tail rod and enters the locking groove. The limit rod moves axially with the tail rod to pull the second piston rod to move. The second piston rod draws hydraulic oil from the second oil storage chamber through the first oil storage chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the retaining sleeve is provided with a plurality of wedge-shaped grooves, and a wedge-shaped block for contacting the cylindrical part of the inner wall of the workpiece is slidably installed inside each of the plurality of wedge-shaped grooves. The friction between the wedge-shaped block and the cylindrical part of the inner wall of the workpiece restricts the retaining sleeve to be in the position inside the workpiece.

[0011] Preferably, the counterweight consists of several steel balls and a damping fluid. The steel balls are used to compensate for the unbalanced torque generated by the radial extension distance of the cutter head, and the damping fluid is used to reduce the moving speed of the steel balls.

[0012] Preferably, the axis of the boring bar holder is parallel to but offset from the axis of the tool holder, the balancing cavity is opened inside the tool holder, the cross-section of the balancing cavity adopts an elliptical structure design, the center origin of the balancing cavity is located at the axis of the boring bar holder away from the tool holder, the vertex of the major axis of the balancing cavity is offset from the axis of the tool holder, and the compensation cavity corresponds to the position of the tool head.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the compensation cavity is fixedly connected with a plurality of elastic plates for supporting the shape of the septum, and the elastic plates have deformation cavities inside; A connecting hole for connecting to the second oil storage chamber is provided on one side of the lower end of the inner wall of the compensation chamber. The second oil storage chamber is separated from the first oil storage chamber by the first piston rod to form a return chamber for adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil in the compensation chamber. The return chamber is used to extract the hydraulic oil in the compensation chamber. When the counterweight rotates with the boring bar handle, the centrifugal force squeezes the partition bladder, causing the partition bladder to deform inward into the compensation chamber, increasing the offset distance of the counterweight.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention designs a radial adjustment device and a following drive mechanism. The radial adjustment device uses the hydraulic oil pressure difference to drive the piston rod to move, and the bending deformation of the flexible column drives the eccentric wheel to rotate, realizing the automatic adjustment of the tool head eccentric angle. This eliminates the need for manual time-sequential control, significantly shortening the machining preparation cycle. The following drive mechanism automatically controls the flow direction and flow rate of hydraulic oil through the relative movement of the limit rod and the tail rod, realizing the synchronous linkage between the tool head adjustment action and the boring bar movement. This adapts to the machining requirements of irregular cavity diameter changes and eccentric hole systems. The locking circuit of the radial adjustment device and the self-locking characteristics of the flexible column and eccentric wheel can resist radial forces and vibrations during the cutting process, ensuring the stability of the tool head machining posture, improving the machining accuracy of irregular cavities, and solving the problem of long manual adjustment time of current eccentric boring bars affecting machining efficiency.

[0015] 2. This invention also incorporates a follow-drive mechanism that ensures the wedge-shaped block on the outer wall of the retaining sleeve is in close contact with the cylindrical portion of the inner wall of the workpiece. Friction is used to fix the retaining sleeve position, providing stable support for the locking and axial movement of the limit rod. When the boring bar resets, the second piston rod pushes the hydraulic oil backflow, causing the flexible column and eccentric wheel to move in opposite directions, automatically retracting the cutter head into the tool holder. This prevents scratching of the machined inner wall of the cavity during tool retraction. The linkage design between the tool movement and the boring bar movement eliminates the need for additional control procedures, simplifying the operation process, improving the continuity and safety of machining irregular cavities, and further solving the problem of traditional boring bar retraction easily scratching the machined surface.

[0016] 3. This invention also designs a dynamic balancing component. The steel ball counterweight inside the balancing chamber can move with centrifugal force to compensate for the unbalanced torque generated by the radial extension of the cutter head in real time. The damping fluid can alleviate the movement speed of the steel balls, avoid over-compensation, and reduce machining vibration. The hydraulic passage design between the compensation chamber and the second oil storage chamber allows for adjustment of the deformation of the separator via the return chamber, precisely controlling the offset distance of the counterweight to adapt to the balancing requirements of different radial positions of the cutter head. The axial offset layout of the boring bar holder and the tool holder, combined with the structural design of the elliptical balancing chamber, expands the adjustment range of the counterweight and improves the accuracy and adaptability of torque compensation. This further solves the problem of the axial offset layout of the boring bar holder and the tool holder, combined with the structural design of the elliptical balancing chamber, which expands the adjustment range of the counterweight and improves the accuracy and adaptability of torque compensation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the boring bar holder structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the workpiece structure to be processed according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the tool holder structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tool holder structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tail boom structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the limiting rod of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mounting cavity structure of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure A in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled retaining sleeve structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the balance cavity structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the balance cavity structure of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged schematic diagram of the B-structure.

[0018] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Boring bar holder; 11. Tool holder; 12. Tail rod; 13. Workpiece to be machined; 14. Tool head; 2. Radial adjustment device; 21. First oil reservoir; 22. Second oil reservoir; 23. Eccentric wheel; 24. First piston rod; 25. Flexible column; 26. Mounting cavity; 27. Slide groove; 28. Slider; 29. ​​Sealing ring; 3. Follower drive mechanism; 31. Second piston rod; 32. Limiting rod; 33. Retaining sleeve; 34. Limiting ring; 35. Inlet / outlet; 36. Engagement groove; 37. Wedge block; 4. Dynamic balancing assembly; 41. Balancing cavity; 42. Compensation cavity; 43. Separating chamber; 44. Counterweight; 45. Elastic plate; 46. Connecting hole; 47. Return cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0019] like Figures 2 to 11 As shown, the present invention relates to an eccentric boring bar and tool-relief device for machining irregular cavities, comprising a boring bar holder 1, which is fixedly connected to the output end of a boring pin device. A tool shank 11 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the boring bar holder 1, and a tail rod 12 for rotational support is fixedly connected to the other end of the tool shank 11. A workpiece 13 is disposed on the outer side of the tool shank 11, and a tool head 14 for machining the cavity of the workpiece 13 is disposed on the outer wall of the tool shank 11. The radial adjustment device 2 includes a first oil reservoir 21 for storing hydraulic oil, a second oil reservoir 22 communicating with the first oil reservoir 21, and an eccentrically mounted tool. The first piston rod 24 is movably installed inside the first piston rod 24 and the end of the first piston rod 24 is fixedly connected to a flexible column 25 for adjusting the eccentric angle of the cutter head 14. The following drive mechanism 3 includes a second piston rod 31 for pushing hydraulic oil inside the first oil storage chamber 21 and a limiting rod 32 for moving relative to the tail rod 12. The dynamic balance assembly 4 includes a balance chamber 41 and a compensation chamber 42 protruding outwardly on the inner wall of the balance chamber 41. A partition 43 for separating the compensation chamber 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the balance chamber 41. A counterweight 44 is provided inside the balance chamber 41. The boring bar holder 1 adopts a standardized connection structure, which can be quickly connected to the output end of the boring equipment. The rigid fixing design of the tool holder 11 and the tail rod 12 can enhance the vibration resistance of the overall structure. The integrated layout of the radial adjustment device 2, the following drive mechanism 3 and the dynamic balance component 4 realizes the dynamic control of the eccentric adjustment of the tool head 14, the tool letting action and the rotation balance, eliminating the tedious process of manual step-by-step debugging and significantly shortening the machining preparation cycle. The tool head 14 is directly mounted on the protruding end of the eccentric wheel 23, with a short force transmission path and fast adjustment response speed, which can accurately adapt to the complex curved surface machining requirements of irregular cavities.

[0020] Specifically, such as Figure 7As shown, the first oil reservoir 21 is located at the center of the tail rod 12, and the second oil reservoir 22 is located inside the tool holder 11. The inner diameter of the first oil reservoir 21 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second oil reservoir 22. The second piston rod 31 is movably installed inside the first oil reservoir 21 and is used to push the hydraulic oil inside the first oil reservoir 21 to flow to the second oil reservoir 22. The difference in inner diameter between the first oil reservoir 21 and the second oil reservoir 22 allows for precise pushing of the first piston rod 24 using the pressure difference of the hydraulic oil, ensuring the sensitivity of the eccentric adjustment of the tool head 14. The separate layout of the two oil reservoirs avoids mutual interference during hydraulic oil backflow, ensuring the stability of the adjustment action. After the boring is completed, the boring machine drives the boring bar holder 1, the tool holder 11, and the tail rod 12 to move laterally and reset.

[0021] Furthermore, such as Figures 7 to 8 As shown, the tool holder 11 has an installation cavity 26 inside to provide rotation space for the eccentric wheel 23. A groove 27 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the installation cavity 26. A slider 28 is slidably installed inside the groove 27. One end of the outer wall of the slider 28 is fixedly connected to the end of the first piston rod 24. The change in the amount of hydraulic oil in the second oil storage chamber 22 is used to push the first piston rod 24 and the slider 28 to move. The groove 27 is connected to the second oil storage chamber 22, and a sealing ring 29 is fixedly connected at the connection between the groove 27 and the second oil storage chamber 22 to prevent hydraulic oil leakage. The inner ring of the sealing ring 29 is in contact with the outer wall of the first piston rod 24. The mounting cavity 26 provides an independent rotation space for the eccentric wheel 23, avoiding interference with other components inside the tool holder 11. The sliding engagement of the slide groove 27 and the slider 28 restricts the movement direction of the first piston rod 24, ensuring adjustment accuracy. The sealing design of the sealing ring 29 prevents hydraulic oil leakage and maintains stable pressure inside the oil reservoir. During the reset process, the hydraulic oil inside the first oil reservoir 21 is pushed by the second piston rod 31, causing the hydraulic oil to flow back to the second oil reservoir 22. This, in conjunction with the flexible column 25 and the eccentric wheel 23, drives the tool head 14 to rotate and retract into the tool holder 11, thereby realizing the tool retraction step of the tool head 14.

[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 9As shown, one end of the flexible column 25 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slider 28, and the other end of the flexible column 25 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the eccentric wheel 23. The lateral movement of the slider 28 is converted into the rotation of the eccentric wheel 23 by the bending deformation of the flexible column 25. The eccentric wheel 23 is rotatably installed inside the mounting cavity 26, and the rod of the eccentric wheel 23 protrudes from the outer wall of the mounting cavity 26 and is fixedly connected to the cutter head 14. The bending deformation transmission method of the flexible column 25 can smoothly convert the linear motion of the slider 28 into the rotational motion of the eccentric wheel 23, reducing the impact loss of mechanical transmission. The direct fixed connection between the eccentric wheel 23 and the cutter head 14 can shorten the transmission path of the adjustment force and improve the response speed of the cutter head 14's position adjustment. It is worth noting that the flexible column 25 is designed with elastic rigid material, which has structural rigidity. Under the support of the top force of the closed circuit designed by the oil inside the second oil reservoir 22, it can maintain a constant angle for the cutter head 14 after the angle of the eccentric wheel 23 is adjusted during the semi-finish boring of the inner wall of the workpiece 13. Under the force offset transmission of the eccentric wheel 23, the cooperation structure between the flexible column 25 and the eccentric wheel 23 has self-locking characteristics, which can effectively resist the radial force and vibration during the cutting process, and ensure the machining accuracy of the cutter head 14.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 As shown, a retaining sleeve 33 is provided inside the tail rod 12. A limiting ring 34 is rotatably installed on the inner ring of the retaining sleeve 33. Both sides of the outer wall of the inner ring of the limiting ring 34 are provided with inlet and outlet 35 for the movement of the limiting rod 32. One side of the inner wall of the inlet and outlet 35 is provided with a locking groove 36 for locking the limiting rod 32. The limiting rod 32 rotates into the locking groove 36 as the tail rod 12 rotates. The limiting rod 32 moves axially with the tail rod 12 to pull the second piston rod 31 to move. The second piston rod 31 draws hydraulic oil from the second oil storage chamber 22 through the first oil storage chamber 21. The rotational engagement of the retaining sleeve 33 and the limiting ring 34 can realize the linkage operation of the rotational entry and axial movement of the limiting rod 32 without the need for additional drive components. The locking groove design of the locking groove 36 can ensure the stable connection between the limiting rod 32 and the limiting ring 34 and avoid the situation of disengagement failure during adjustment.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 As shown, the outer wall of the retaining sleeve 33 has several wedge-shaped grooves, and each of these grooves has a wedge-shaped block 37 slidably installed inside for contacting the cylindrical portion of the inner wall of the workpiece 13. The friction between the wedge-shaped block 37 and the cylindrical portion of the inner wall of the workpiece 13 restricts the retaining sleeve 33 to its position inside the workpiece 13. This frictional limiting method between the wedge-shaped block 37 and the inner wall of the workpiece 13 ensures the internal stability of the retaining sleeve 33 within the cylindrical portion of the inner wall of the workpiece 13. The even distribution of multiple sets of wedge-shaped blocks 37 ensures that the retaining sleeve 33 is subjected to balanced forces, preventing positional displacement caused by unilateral contact.

[0025] It is worth noting that, such as Figures 5 to 12As shown, the counterweight 44 consists of several steel balls and damping fluid. The steel balls are used to compensate for the unbalanced torque generated by the radial extension distance of the cutter head 14, and the damping fluid is used to reduce the moving speed of the steel balls. The movable counterweight design of the steel balls can compensate for the unbalanced torque generated by the eccentric adjustment of the cutter head 14 in real time, reducing centrifugal vibration during high-speed rotation; the buffering effect of the damping fluid can prevent the counterweight from being over-compensated due to the rapid movement of the steel balls due to inertia, ensuring the stability of dynamic balance.

[0026] It is worth mentioning that, such as Figure 10 As shown, the axis of the boring bar holder 1 is parallel to but offset from the axis of the tool holder 11. The balancing cavity 41 is located inside the tool holder 11. The cross-section of the balancing cavity 41 adopts an elliptical structure design. The center origin of the balancing cavity 41 is located at the axis of the boring bar holder 1 away from the tool holder 11. The vertex of the major axis of the balancing cavity 41 is offset from the axis of the tool holder 11. The compensation cavity 42 corresponds to the position of the tool head 14. The offset design of the axes of the boring bar holder 1 and the tool holder 11 reserves space for the layout of the balancing cavity 41 and avoids interference with the installation structure of the boring equipment. The elliptical cross-section of the balancing cavity 41 can expand the movement range of the counterweight 44 and improve the adjustment range of torque compensation. The corresponding design of the compensation cavity 42 and the tool head 14 can accurately counteract the radial load during the machining of the tool head 14.

[0027] It is worth noting that, such as Figure 12 As shown, a number of elastic plates 45 for supporting the shape of the partition bladder 43 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the compensation cavity 42. The elastic plates 45 have deformation cavities inside. A connecting hole 46 for connecting to the second oil storage cavity 22 is opened on one side of the lower end of the inner wall of the compensation cavity 42. The second oil storage cavity 22 is far away from the first oil storage cavity 21 and is divided by the first piston rod 24 to form a return cavity 47 for adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil in the compensation cavity 42. The return cavity 47 is used to extract the hydraulic oil in the compensation cavity 42. When the counterweight 44 rotates with the boring bar handle 1, the centrifugal force squeezes the partition bladder 43, causing the partition bladder 43 to deform into the compensation cavity 42, increasing the offset distance of the counterweight 44. The support design of the elastic plate 45 can maintain the initial shape of the partition 43 and ensure the movement space of the counterweight 44. The hydraulic oil adjustment passage of the return cavity 47 and the connecting hole 46 can control the deformation of the partition 43 by the entry and exit of hydraulic oil, and accurately adjust the offset distance of the counterweight 44. Thus, the reverse balance torque can be dynamically adjusted in real time according to the radial extension distance of the cutter head 14, ensuring accurate compensation for the cutter head 14. The concave deformation design of the partition 43 can further expand the torque compensation range of the counterweight 44 and improve the dynamic balance effect.

[0028] Working Principle: This embodiment provides an eccentric boring bar and tool retraction device for machining irregular cavities. In use, the boring bar handle 1 is fixedly connected to the output end of the boring equipment. The boring equipment drives the boring bar handle 1, the tool bar 11, and the tail rod 12 to rotate, simultaneously driving the tool head 14 to rotate, thus boring the irregular cavity of the workpiece 13. The wedge-shaped block 37 on the outer wall of the retaining sleeve 33 inside the tail rod 12 contacts the cylindrical part of the inner wall of the workpiece 13, using friction to limit the position of the retaining sleeve 33 inside the workpiece 13. The limiting ring 34 inside the retaining sleeve 33 rotates together with the tail rod 12. When the inlet and outlet 35 of the inner ring of the limiting ring 34 rotates to the position corresponding to the limiting rod 32, the limiting rod 32 follows the rotation of the tail rod 12 and enters the locking groove on the side of the inlet and outlet 35. In step 36, the limiting rod 32 and the limiting ring 34 are engaged. Subsequently, the boring machine drives the boring bar holder 1, the tool bar 11, and the tail rod 12 to move axially. The limiting rod 32 moves axially with the tail rod 12 and pulls the second piston rod 31 to move inside the first oil storage chamber 21. The second piston rod 31 draws hydraulic oil from the second oil storage chamber 22 and flows it to the first oil storage chamber 21. The amount of hydraulic oil in the second oil storage chamber 22 decreases, pulling the first piston rod 24 and the slider 28 fixedly connected to the first piston rod 24 to move inside the slide groove 27. The movement of the slider 28 causes the flexible column 25 fixedly connected to it to deform. The bending deformation of the flexible column 25 causes the eccentric wheel 23 fixedly connected to it to rotate inside the mounting cavity 26. The rotation of the eccentric wheel 23 causes the tool head fixedly connected to it to rotate. The first piston rod 24 oscillates radially, thereby adjusting the eccentric angle of the cutter head 14 to adapt to the machining requirements of different parts of the irregular cavity. As the entire rod moves, the hydraulic oil inside the second piston rod 31 gradually decreases, driving the cutter head 14 to oscillate with the rod, achieving a proprietary semi-finish boring operation for the variable curvature cavity on the inner wall of the workpiece 13. When the cutter head 14 is adjusted to the appropriate position, the locking circuit inside the second oil reservoir 22 holds the first piston rod 24, and the flexible column 25, in conjunction with the force offset transmission of the eccentric wheel 23, achieves self-locking, resisting radial force and vibration during the cutting process. At the same time, during the rotation of the cutter bar 11, the counterweight 44 inside the balance chamber 41 moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, and the steel balls compensate for the radial extension distance of the cutter head 14. The generated unbalanced torque is mitigated by the damping fluid, which slows down the movement of the steel balls and prevents them from colliding with each other. Meanwhile, the first piston rod 24 moves inside the second oil reservoir 22. The reflux chamber 47 formed by the separation draws hydraulic oil from the compensation chamber 42 through the connecting hole 46. As the hydraulic oil in the compensation chamber 42 decreases, the counterweight 44, under centrifugal force, squeezes the separator 43, causing the separator 43 to deform inwards towards the compensation chamber 42. The elastic plate 45 deforms, increasing the offset distance of the counterweight 44, thus adapting to the balance requirements of the cutter head 14 at different radial positions in real time. After the boring is completed, the boring machine drives the boring bar holder 1, the tool holder 11, and the tail rod 12 to move laterally and reset. The limiting rod 32 moves axially with the tail rod 12, pushing the second piston rod 31 to move in the opposite direction inside the first oil reservoir 21.The second piston rod 31 pushes the hydraulic oil inside the first oil reservoir 21 back to the second oil reservoir 22, increasing the hydraulic oil level in the second oil reservoir 22. This causes the first piston rod 24 and the slider 28 to move in opposite directions within the slide groove 27, restoring the deformation of the flexible column 25. This, in turn, causes the eccentric wheel 23 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the cutter head 14 to rotate and retract into the cutter holder 11, completing the cutter retraction action.

[0029] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregularly shaped cavities, characterized in that, include: A boring bar holder (1) is fixedly connected to the output end of a boring pin device. A tool bar (11) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the boring bar holder (1). A tail rod (12) for rotational support is fixedly connected to the other end of the tool bar (11). A workpiece (13) to be processed is provided on the outside of the tool bar (11). A tool head (14) for processing the chamber of the workpiece (13) is provided on the outer wall of the tool bar (11). The radial adjustment device (2) includes a first oil reservoir (21) for storing hydraulic oil, a second oil reservoir (22) connected to the first oil reservoir (21), and an eccentric wheel (23) rotatably mounted. A first piston rod (24) is movably mounted inside the second oil reservoir (22), and a flexible column (25) for adjusting the eccentric angle of the cutter head (14) is fixedly connected to the end of the first piston rod (24). Follow drive mechanism (3), the follow drive mechanism (3) includes a second piston rod (31) for pushing hydraulic oil inside the first oil storage chamber (21) and a limiting rod (32) for moving relative to the tail rod (12). The dynamic balancing component (4) includes a balancing cavity (41) and a compensation cavity (42) protruding outward on the inner wall of the balancing cavity (41). A separator (43) for separating the compensation cavity (42) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the balancing cavity (41). A counterweight (44) is provided inside the balancing cavity (41).

2. The eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregular cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first oil storage chamber (21) is located at the center of the tail rod (12), and the second oil storage chamber (22) is located inside the cutter bar (11). The inner diameter of the first oil storage chamber (21) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second oil storage chamber (22). The second piston rod (31) is movably installed inside the first oil reservoir (21), and the second piston rod (31) is used to push the hydraulic oil inside the first oil reservoir (21) to flow to the second oil reservoir (22).

3. The eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregular cavities according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tool holder (11) has an installation cavity (26) inside for providing rotation space for the eccentric wheel (23). A sliding groove (27) is provided on one side of the inner wall of the installation cavity (26). A slider (28) is slidably installed inside the sliding groove (27). One end of the outer wall of the slider (28) is fixedly connected to the end of the first piston rod (24). The change in the amount of hydraulic oil in the second oil storage cavity (22) is used to push the first piston rod (24) and the slider (28) to move. The slide groove (27) is connected to the second oil storage chamber (22), and a sealing ring (29) for preventing hydraulic oil leakage is fixedly connected at the connection between the slide groove (27) and the second oil storage chamber (22). The inner ring of the sealing ring (29) is in contact with the outer wall of the first piston rod (24).

4. The eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregular cavities according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the flexible column (25) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slider (28), and the other end of the flexible column (25) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the eccentric wheel (23). The lateral movement of the slider (28) is converted into the rotation of the eccentric wheel (23) by the bending deformation of the flexible column (25). The eccentric wheel (23) is rotatably installed inside the mounting cavity (26), and the rod of the eccentric wheel (23) protrudes from the outer wall of the mounting cavity (26) and is fixedly connected to the cutter head (14).

5. An eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregular cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail rod (12) is provided with a retaining sleeve (33). The inner ring of the retaining sleeve (33) is rotatably installed with a limiting ring (34). The outer walls on both sides of the inner ring of the limiting ring (34) are provided with inlets and outlets (35) for the movement of the limiting rod (32). The inner wall of the inlet and outlet (35) is provided with a locking groove (36) for locking the limiting rod (32). The limiting rod (32) rotates with the tail rod (12) and enters the locking groove (36). The limiting rod (32) moves axially with the tail rod (12) to pull the second piston rod (31) to move. The second piston rod (31) draws hydraulic oil from the second oil storage chamber (22) through the first oil storage chamber (21).

6. An eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregular cavities according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the retaining sleeve (33) is provided with a plurality of wedge-shaped grooves, and a wedge-shaped block (37) for contacting the cylindrical part of the inner wall of the workpiece (13) is slidably installed in each of the wedge-shaped grooves. The friction between the wedge-shaped block (37) and the cylindrical part of the inner wall of the workpiece (13) restricts the retaining sleeve (33) to be in the position inside the workpiece (13).

7. An eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregular cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweight (44) consists of several steel balls and damping fluid. The steel balls are used to compensate for the unbalanced torque generated by the radial extension distance of the cutter head (14), and the damping fluid is used to reduce the moving speed of the steel balls.

8. An eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregular cavities according to claim 7, characterized in that, The axis of the boring bar holder (1) is parallel to but offset from the axis of the tool holder (11). The balancing cavity (41) is opened inside the tool holder (11). The cross-section of the balancing cavity (41) adopts an elliptical structure design. The center origin of the balancing cavity (41) is located at the axis of the boring bar holder (1) away from the tool holder (11). The apex of the major axis of the balancing cavity (41) is offset from the axis of the tool holder (11). The compensation cavity (42) corresponds to the position of the tool head (14).

9. An eccentric boring bar and tool deflection device for machining irregular cavities according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner wall of the compensation cavity (42) is fixedly connected with a plurality of elastic plates (45) for supporting the shape of the partition bladder (43), and the elastic plates (45) have deformation cavities inside. The lower end of the inner wall of the compensation chamber (42) is provided with a connecting hole (46) for connecting to the second oil storage chamber (22). The second oil storage chamber (22) is far away from the first oil storage chamber (21) and is separated by the first piston rod (24) to form a return chamber (47) for adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil in the compensation chamber (42). The return chamber (47) is used to extract the hydraulic oil in the compensation chamber (42). When the counterweight (44) rotates with the boring bar handle (1), the centrifugal force squeezes the partition bladder (43), causing the partition bladder (43) to deform into the compensation chamber (42), increasing the offset distance of the counterweight (44).

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