New energy automobile motor safety protection device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and discloses a new energy automobile motor safety protection device which comprises a mounting shell, two transmission shafts are rotationally mounted on the mounting shell, a motor is fixedly mounted in the mounting shell, and the output end of the motor is connected with the transmission shafts through speed reducers. A control box is fixedly installed on the top of the motor, a first conducting rod, a second conducting rod, a third conducting rod and a fourth conducting rod are arranged in the control box, and a positioning mechanism and a separating mechanism are further arranged in the control box. Through the synergistic effect of the positioning mechanism and the separation mechanism, rapid response to abnormal current of the battery and automatic circuit cut-off are achieved, the design does not need an external power supply or a complex control circuit, the protection function is achieved through a mechanical trigger type structure, and the device has the advantages of being high in response speed, high in reliability and low in cost; the circuit can be used as the last defensive line under the condition that an existing electronic element fails, and motor damage or vehicle potential safety hazards caused by current overload are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and more specifically to a safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, during the operation of new energy vehicle motors, overheating, burnout, or even safety accidents may occur due to abnormally increased battery current (such as short circuits, overloads, etc.).

[0003] Existing technologies lack fast-response current protection mechanisms, typically relying on fuses or electronic fuses, which suffer from problems such as response delays, difficulty in resetting, or complex structures. For example, traditional fuses require manual replacement after cutting off the circuit, while electronic protection devices rely on sensors and controllers, which are costly and may increase the failure rate. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a motor safety protection solution that is simple in structure, responds quickly, and can automatically cut off fault current. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies that lack fast-response current protection mechanisms and typically rely on fuses or electronic fuses, this invention provides a safety protection device for electric motors in new energy vehicles to solve the problems existing in the background technology.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor, comprising a mounting shell fixedly mounted on a vehicle frame, a drive shaft rotatably mounted on the mounting shell, two drive shafts symmetrically arranged, a motor fixedly mounted inside the mounting shell, two motors corresponding to the drive shafts, the motor output end connected to the drive shafts via a reducer, a control box fixedly mounted on the top of the motor, and conductive rods one, two, three, and four arranged inside the control box, forming a complete circuit consisting of a battery, conductive rod one, a motor, conductive rod two, conductive rod three, and conductive rod four. The control box also includes a positioning mechanism and a separation mechanism. The separation mechanism releases energy and cuts off the path between conductive rod three and conductive rod two when the battery current abnormally increases. The positioning mechanism controls the separation mechanism to release energy when the battery current abnormally increases.

[0006] Preferably, the conductive rod is provided with a spiral segment, one end of the conductive rod is electrically connected to the battery, and the other end of the conductive rod passes through the inner wall of the mounting housing and is electrically connected to the motor.

[0007] Preferably, one end of the conductive rod two is provided with a first contact, the other end of the conductive rod two passes through the inner wall of the control box and is electrically connected to the motor, one end of the conductive rod three is connected to one end of the conductive rod four, the other end of the conductive rod three is provided with a second contact, and the other end of the conductive rod four is electrically connected to the battery.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes a support frame, a sliding rod, a guide rod, and a guide rod. A magnet is fixedly installed on the support frame, the sliding rod is fixedly installed inside the control box, and the support frame is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod.

[0009] Preferably, the guide rod is fixedly installed inside the control box, and a motion frame is fitted on the surface of the guide rod. The motion frame and the support frame are fixedly connected by a connecting rod.

[0010] Preferably, the guide rod is fixedly installed inside the control box, and a positioning frame is sleeved on the surface of the guide rod. A connecting rod is provided between the positioning frame and the motion frame. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the motion frame, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the bottom of the positioning frame.

[0011] Preferably, a compression spring is fitted on the surface of the guide rod, and the elastic force of the compression spring drives the positioning frame to move upward along the guide rod.

[0012] Preferably, the separation mechanism includes a rotating rod and a limiting frame. The rotating rod is rotatably installed inside the control box, one end of the conductive rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating rod, and one end of the conductive rod is rotatably installed on the surface of the rotating rod.

[0013] Preferably, a limit block is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod, and the limit frame is fixedly installed inside the control box.

[0014] Preferably, a coil spring is sleeved on the surface of the rotating rod, and the elastic force of the coil spring drives the limiting block to fit against the limiting frame.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention achieves rapid response and automatic circuit cutoff in response to abnormal battery current through the synergistic action of the positioning and separation mechanisms. When the current abnormally increases, the enhanced magnetic field generated by the helical segment drives the magnet and linkage components, causing the positioning frame to release the constraint on the conductive rod three. The pre-compressed coil spring in the separation mechanism then releases its kinetic energy, pushing the rotating rod to rotate and forcing the second contact to separate from the first contact, completely cutting off the motor power supply circuit. This design requires no external power supply or complex control circuits, and achieves the protection function through a mechanical trigger structure. It has the advantages of fast response speed, high reliability, and low cost. It can serve as a last line of defense in the event of failure of existing electronic components, avoiding motor damage or vehicle safety hazards caused by current overload. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting shell of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control box of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control box of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the conductive rod and positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the image.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the conductive rod 2, conductive rod 3, conductive rod 4 and separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Mounting housing; 2. Motor; 3. Drive shaft; 4. Reducer; 5. Control box; 51. Conductive rod one; 511. Helical segment; 52. Conductive rod two; 521. Contact No. 1; 53. Conductive rod three; 531. Contact No. 2; 54. Conductive rod four; 6. Positioning mechanism; 61. Support frame; 611. Connecting rod; 62. Magnet; 63. Sliding rod; 64. Moving frame; 65. Positioning frame; 66. Connecting rod; 67. Guide rod; 68. Guide rod; 69. Compression spring; 7. Separation mechanism; 71. Rotating rod; 711. Limiting block; 72. Limiting frame; 73. Coil spring. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 4This invention provides a safety protection device for electric motors in new energy vehicles, including a mounting shell 1, which is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame. Two drive shafts 3 are symmetrically arranged and rotatably mounted on the mounting shell 1. Two motors 2 are fixedly mounted inside the mounting shell 1, corresponding to two drive shafts 3. The output end of the motor 2 is connected to the drive shaft 3 via a reducer 4. By directly fixing the mounting shell 1 to the vehicle frame, a stable mechanical load-bearing foundation is formed. The symmetrical dual-motor 2 and dual-drive shaft 3 layout achieves balanced torque distribution. Combined with the transmission optimization of the reducer 4, the motor 2's torque is effectively reduced. The direct-drive load has a control box 5 fixedly installed on the top of the motor 2. The control box 5 contains conductive rod 1 51, conductive rod 2 52, conductive rod 3 53, and conductive rod 4 54. The battery, conductive rod 1 51, motor 2, conductive rod 2 52, conductive rod 3 53, and conductive rod 4 54 form a complete circuit. The control box 5 also contains a positioning mechanism 6 and a separation mechanism 7. The separation mechanism 7 is used to release energy and cut off the path between conductive rod 3 53 and conductive rod 2 52 when the battery current increases abnormally. The positioning mechanism 6 is used to control the separation mechanism 7 to release energy when the battery current increases abnormally.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 7 The positioning mechanism 6 includes a support frame 61, a sliding rod 63, a guide rod 67, and a guide rod 68. A magnet 62 is fixedly installed on the support frame 61. The sliding rod 63 is fixedly installed inside the control box 5. The support frame 61 is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod 63, and the support frame 61 and the sliding rod 63 form a sliding guide fit along the axis of the sliding rod 63.

[0029] A spiral segment 511 is provided on the conductive rod 51. One end of the conductive rod 51 is electrically connected to the battery, and the other end of the conductive rod 51 passes through the inner wall of the mounting shell 1 and is electrically connected to the motor 2.

[0030] One end of the second conductive rod 52 is provided with a first contact 521, and the other end of the second conductive rod 52 passes through the inner wall of the control box 5 and is electrically connected to the motor 2. One end of the third conductive rod 53 is connected to one end of the fourth conductive rod 54, and the other end of the third conductive rod 53 is provided with a second contact 531. The other end of the fourth conductive rod 54 is electrically connected to the battery.

[0031] The guide rod 67 is fixedly installed inside the control box 5. A motion frame 64 is fitted on the surface of the guide rod 67. The motion frame 64 and the guide rod 67 form a sliding guide fit along the axis of the guide rod 67. The motion frame 64 and the support frame 61 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod 611. The guide rod 68 is fixedly installed inside the control box 5. A positioning frame 65 is fitted on the surface of the guide rod 68. The positioning frame 65 and the guide rod 68 form a sliding guide fit along the axis of the guide rod 68. A connecting rod 66 is provided between the positioning frame 65 and the motion frame 64. One end of the connecting rod 66 is hinged to the motion frame 64, and the other end of the connecting rod 66 is hinged to the bottom of the positioning frame 65. A compression spring 69 is fitted on the surface of the guide rod 67. The elastic force of the compression spring 69 drives the positioning frame 65 to move upward along the guide rod 68.

[0032] In normal use, contact 531 (number 2) and contact 521 (number 1) are in close contact. The battery, conductive rod 51 (number 1), motor 2, conductive rod 52 (number 2), conductive rod 53 (number 3), and conductive rod 54 (number 4) form a complete circuit. The battery provides a stable current to motor 2. Motor 2 drives the transmission shaft 3 to rotate through reducer 4, thereby driving the wheel to rotate.

[0033] When the battery current increases abnormally, the magnetic field generated by the helical segment 511 increases instantaneously. This magnetic field drives the magnet 62 to move away from the helical segment 511. The support frame 61 slides synchronously along the sliding rod 63. The movement of the support frame 61 drives the moving frame 64 to slide synchronously along the guide rod 67 through the connecting rod 611. The compression spring 69 contracts and its elastic force increases under the compression of the moving frame 64. The movement of the moving frame 64 drives the positioning frame 65 to slide synchronously downward along the guide rod 68 through the connecting rod 66. The positioning frame 65 releases its obstruction of the conductive rod 3 53. The separation mechanism 7 drives the second contact 531 to separate from the first contact 521. The circuit of the battery, conductive rod 1 51, motor 2, conductive rod 2 52, conductive rod 3 53 and conductive rod 4 54 is cut off, and the battery stops supplying power to the motor 2.

[0034] In summary, this positioning mechanism 6 achieves accurate detection and rapid response to current anomalies through the mutual conversion of magnetic field and mechanical energy. When an abnormal current passes through the helical segment 511, the enhanced magnetic field drives the magnet 62 to move laterally. Guided by the sliding rod 63, it then drives the moving frame 64 to move linearly through the connecting rod 611. Furthermore, the lever principle of the connecting rod 66 converts the horizontal movement into the vertical displacement of the positioning frame 65. This design directly detects current changes using the principle of electromagnetic induction, eliminating the need for additional sensors. This not only eliminates measurement errors and signal transmission delays caused by temperature drift and aging of electronic components, but also ensures reliability under complex working conditions such as strong electromagnetic interference.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 8The separation mechanism 7 includes a rotating rod 71 and a limiting frame 72. The rotating rod 71 is rotatably installed inside the control box 5. One end of the conductive rod 3 53 is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating rod 71, and one end of the conductive rod 4 54 is rotatably installed on the surface of the rotating rod 71. A limiting block 711 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod 71. The limiting frame 72 is fixedly installed inside the control box 5. A coil spring 73 is sleeved on the surface of the rotating rod 71. The elastic force of the coil spring 73 drives the limiting block 711 to fit against the limiting frame 72.

[0036] When in use, when the battery current increases abnormally, the magnetic field generated by the helical segment 511 increases instantaneously. This magnetic field drives the magnet 62 to move away from the helical segment 511. The support frame 61 slides synchronously along the sliding rod 63. The movement of the support frame 61 drives the moving frame 64 to slide synchronously along the guide rod 67 through the connecting rod 611. The compression spring 69 contracts and its elastic force increases under the compression of the moving frame 64. The movement of the moving frame 64 drives the positioning frame 65 to slide synchronously downward along the guide rod 68 through the connecting rod 66. The positioning frame 65 releases its obstruction to the conductive rod 53, and the elastic force of the coil spring 73 is released. The elastic force of the coil spring 73 drives the rotating rod 71 to rotate around its own axis. The rotating rod 71 rotates and drives the conductive rod 53 to rotate synchronously around the axis of the rotating rod 71 until the limiting block 711 and the limiting frame 72 come into contact with each other. At this time, the second contact 531 separates from the first contact 521.

[0037] In summary, this separation mechanism 7, through the cooperation of a pre-stored energy spring and a limiting structure, achieves safe circuit disconnection and state maintenance. The coil spring 73 is in a pre-compressed state under normal conditions to form potential energy reserves. When the positioning frame 65 is released from its constraint, it instantly releases kinetic energy to drive the rotating rod 71 to rotate until the limiting block 711 and the limiting frame 72 are in contact to form a mechanical interlock. The spring kinetic energy is directly converted into rotational torque. After the contacts are separated, the limiting structure maintains the disconnected state to prevent accidental reclosing. In addition, the positioning mechanism 6 and the separation mechanism 7 form a mechanical linkage closed loop with no electronic delay throughout the process and no reliance on external power. It can still work stably in the high vibration and strong electromagnetic interference environment of new energy vehicles, providing a reliable last line of defense for the motor system.

[0038] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Under normal circumstances, the second contact 531 and the first contact 521 are in close contact. The battery, the first conductive rod 51, the motor 2, the second conductive rod 52, the third conductive rod 53 and the fourth conductive rod 54 form a complete circuit. The battery provides a stable current to the motor 2. The motor 2 drives the transmission shaft 3 to rotate through the reducer 4, thereby driving the wheel to rotate.

[0039] When the battery current increases abnormally, the magnetic field generated by the helical segment 511 increases instantaneously. This magnetic field drives the magnet 62 to move away from the helical segment 511. The support frame 61 slides synchronously along the sliding rod 63. The movement of the support frame 61 drives the moving frame 64 to slide synchronously along the guide rod 67 via the connecting rod 611. The compression spring 69 contracts and its elastic force increases under the compression of the moving frame 64. The movement of the moving frame 64 drives the positioning frame 65 to slide synchronously downward along the guide rod 68 via the connecting rod 66. The positioning frame 65 is then released. The blocking of conductive rod 3 53 releases the elastic force of coil spring 73, which drives rotating rod 71 to rotate around its own axis. Rotating rod 71 rotates and drives conductive rod 3 53 to rotate synchronously around the axis of rotating rod 71 until limiting block 711 and limiting frame 72 abut against each other. At this time, contact 2 531 separates from contact 1 521, and the circuit of battery, conductive rod 1 51, motor 2, conductive rod 2 52, conductive rod 3 53 and conductive rod 4 54 is cut off, and battery stops supplying power to motor 2.

[0040] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor, comprising a mounting shell (1), characterized in that, The mounting housing (1) is fixedly mounted on the frame. A drive shaft (3) is rotatably mounted on the mounting housing (1). There are two drive shafts (3) symmetrically arranged. A motor (2) is fixedly mounted inside the mounting housing (1). There are two motors (2) corresponding to the drive shafts (3). The output end of the motor (2) is connected to the drive shaft (3) through a reducer (4). A control box (5) is fixedly mounted on the top of the motor (2). The control box (5) is equipped with a first conductive rod (51), a second conductive rod (52), a third conductive rod (53), and a guide rod. The electric pole four (54), battery, conductive pole one (51), motor (2), conductive pole two (52), conductive pole three (53) and conductive pole four (54) form a complete circuit. The control box (5) is also equipped with a positioning mechanism (6) and a separation mechanism (7). The separation mechanism (7) is used to release energy when the battery current increases abnormally and to cut off the path between conductive pole three (53) and conductive pole two (52). The positioning mechanism (6) is used to control the separation mechanism (7) to release energy when the battery current increases abnormally.

2. The safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spiral segment (511) is provided on the first conductive rod (51). One end of the first conductive rod (51) is electrically connected to the battery, and the other end of the first conductive rod (51) passes through the inner wall of the mounting shell (1) and is electrically connected to the motor (2).

3. A safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the conductive rod (52) is provided with a first contact (521), and the other end of the conductive rod (52) passes through the inner wall of the control box (5) and is electrically connected to the motor (2). One end of the conductive rod (53) is connected to one end of the conductive rod (54), and the other end of the conductive rod (53) is provided with a second contact (531). The other end of the conductive rod (54) is electrically connected to the battery.

4. A safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism (6) includes a support frame (61), a sliding rod (63), a guide rod (67) and a guide rod (68). A magnet (62) is fixedly installed on the support frame (61), and the sliding rod (63) is fixedly installed inside the control box (5). The support frame (61) is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod (63).

5. A safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide rod (67) is fixedly installed inside the control box (5). The surface of the guide rod (67) is fitted with a motion frame (64). The motion frame (64) and the support frame (61) are fixedly connected by a connecting rod (611).

6. A safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide rod (68) is fixedly installed inside the control box (5). The guide rod (68) is fitted with a positioning frame (65). A connecting rod (66) is provided between the positioning frame (65) and the motion frame (64). One end of the connecting rod (66) is hinged to the motion frame (64), and the other end of the connecting rod (66) is hinged to the bottom of the positioning frame (65).

7. A safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, A compression spring (69) is fitted on the surface of the guide rod (67), and the elastic force of the compression spring (69) drives the positioning frame (65) to move upward along the guide rod (68).

8. A safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The separation mechanism (7) includes a rotating rod (71) and a limiting frame (72). The rotating rod (71) is rotatably installed inside the control box (5). One end of the conductive rod three (53) is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating rod (71), and one end of the conductive rod four (54) is rotatably installed on the surface of the rotating rod (71).

9. A safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor according to claim 8, characterized in that, A limit block (711) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod (71), and the limit frame (72) is fixedly installed inside the control box (5).

10. A safety protection device for a new energy vehicle motor according to claim 9, characterized in that, A coil spring (73) is sleeved on the surface of the rotating rod (71), and the elastic force of the coil spring (73) drives the limiting block (711) to fit against the limiting frame (72).

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