Angular velocity detection system and method based on weak measurement

Abstract

This application provides an angular velocity detection system and method based on weak measurement, which can be applied to the fields of quantum sensing technology and optical gyroscope technology. The system includes: a laser emitting initial light; a pre-selection module adjusting the phase of two parts of the initial light; a first optical resonant cavity transmitting the first path light along a counterclockwise path; a second optical resonant cavity transmitting the second path light along a clockwise path; a post-selection module coupling the first path light and the first part of the second path light to obtain a first interference light; a detection module detecting the first interference light to obtain a first light intensity; a processor obtaining a linear coefficient based on a predetermined phase, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and a transmission coefficient; and obtaining the rotational angular velocity based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient, and the predetermined phase. This system uses an optical microcavity as the sensitive unit of the gyroscope, enhancing the sensing performance of the integrated optical gyroscope through weak measurement technology and improving the detection accuracy of the rotational angular velocity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of quantum sensing technology and optical gyroscope technology, and more specifically, to an angular velocity detection system and method based on weak measurement. Background Technology

[0002] As an inertial sensing system that enables high-precision angular velocity measurement, the gyroscope is widely used in inertial navigation and attitude control of equipment such as ships, aircraft, satellites, submarines and spacecraft, and is one of the core components of the inertial navigation system.

[0003] Fiber optic gyroscopes are one of the important approaches to realizing high-precision optical gyroscopes. Optical gyroscopes are typically based on the Sagnac effect, using the phase difference between two counter-propagating beams within an optical closed loop to demodulate external angular velocity. However, optical gyroscopes generally suffer from a performance-size trade-off. As inertial sensing systems tend towards miniaturization and on-chip integration, the angular velocity detection accuracy of these systems often fails to meet the required standards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides an angular velocity detection system and method based on weak measurement.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a weak-measurement-based angular velocity detection system is provided, comprising: a laser for emitting initial light; a pre-selection module for phase-adjusting two portions of the initial light to obtain a first path light and a second path light, wherein the phase of the first path light and the phase of the second path light differ by a predetermined phase; and a weak coupling module, comprising: an optical resonator for transmitting the first path light along a counterclockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates following the device under test, to obtain a first path light; and a second optical resonator for transmitting the first path light along a counterclockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates following the device under test, to obtain a first path light; and a second optical resonator for transmitting the first path light along a counterclockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates following the device under test. When the detection equipment rotates, the second path light is transmitted along a clockwise path to obtain the second path light; then the selection module is used to couple the first part of the light in the first path light with the first part of the light in the second path light to obtain the first interference light; the detection module is used to detect the first interference light to obtain the first light intensity; the processor is used to obtain the linear coefficient based on the predetermined phase, the initial light intensity of the initial light and the transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient; and the rotational angular velocity of the device under test is obtained based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient and the predetermined phase.

[0006] According to an embodiment of this application, the processor obtains the rotational angular velocity of the device under test based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient, and the predetermined phase by: obtaining a first intermediate calculation amount based on a first predetermined value and a ratio obtained based on the first light intensity and the linear coefficient; obtaining a second intermediate calculation amount based on a second predetermined value and the predetermined phase; obtaining a target phase based on the first intermediate calculation amount and the second intermediate calculation amount; and obtaining the rotational angular velocity based on the target phase and the linear factor.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this application, the processor obtains a linear coefficient based on the predetermined phase, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and the transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient by: processing the predetermined phase at a predetermined multiple using a sine function to obtain a third intermediate calculation quantity; and obtaining the linear coefficient based on the product of the third intermediate calculation quantity, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and the transmission coefficient.

[0008] According to an embodiment of this application, the predetermined phase is greater than the target phase and less than 0.1 rad, and the product between the target phase and the second intermediate calculation quantity is greater than 0 and less than 0.1 rad.

[0009] According to an embodiment of this application, the resonant frequency of the first optical resonant cavity in a static state and the resonant frequency of the second optical resonant cavity in a static state are equal to the frequency of the initial light.

[0010] According to an embodiment of this application, the aforementioned pre-selection module includes: a first coupler for splitting the initial light to obtain a first portion of the initial light and a second portion of the initial light; and a first phase adjuster for adjusting the phase of the first portion of the initial light to obtain a first path of light, wherein the second portion of the initial light is used as a second path of light.

[0011] According to an embodiment of this application, the weakly coupled module further includes: a second coupler for transmitting the first optical path to the first optical resonant cavity; a second phase modulator for adjusting the resonant frequency of the first optical resonant cavity; a third coupler for transmitting the second optical path to the second optical resonant cavity; and a third phase modulator for adjusting the resonant frequency of the second optical resonant cavity.

[0012] According to an embodiment of this application, the aforementioned post-selection module is further configured to couple the second portion of light in the first path light with the second portion of light in the second path light to obtain a second interference light; the aforementioned detection module is further configured to detect the aforementioned second interference light to obtain a second light intensity; the aforementioned processor is further configured to control the aforementioned second phase modulator to adjust the resonant frequency of the aforementioned first optical resonant cavity according to the aforementioned second light intensity and a predetermined light intensity range, and to control the aforementioned third phase modulator to adjust the resonant frequency of the aforementioned second optical resonant cavity.

[0013] According to an embodiment of this application, the aforementioned post-selection module includes: a fourth coupler, used to split the first path light to obtain a first portion of the first path light and a second portion of the first path light, split the second path light to obtain a first portion of the second path light and a second portion of the second path light, couple the first portion of the first path light and the first portion of the second path light together to obtain the aforementioned first interference light, and couple the second portion of the first path light and the second portion of the second path light together to obtain the aforementioned second interference light.

[0014] According to another aspect of this application, a weak-measurement-based angular velocity detection method is provided, comprising: a laser emitting initial light; a pre-selection module performing phase adjustment on two portions of the initial light to obtain a first path light and a second path light, wherein the phase of the first path light and the phase of the second path light differ by a predetermined phase; a weak coupling module including a first optical resonator transmitting the first path light along a counterclockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the device under test, obtaining a first path light; a weak coupling module including a second optical resonator transmitting the second path light along a clockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the device under test, obtaining a second path light; a post-selection module coupling a first portion of the first path light with a first portion of the second path light to obtain a first interference light; a detection module detecting the first interference light to obtain a first light intensity; a processor obtaining a linear coefficient based on the predetermined phase, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and a transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient; and obtaining the rotational angular velocity of the device under test based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient, and the predetermined phase.

[0015] According to embodiments of this application, the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system provides separates the interference paths using a first optical resonant cavity and a second optical resonant cavity as gyroscope sensing units, which can eliminate the influence of backscattering on detection. This undercoupled state design makes the resonance enhancement effect of the first and second light paths stronger. Simultaneously, by using a pre-selection module to adjust the phase of two parts of the initial light emitted by the laser to obtain the first and second light paths, with a predetermined phase difference between the phases of the first and second light paths, and a post-selection module coupling the first part of the first path light with the first part of the second path light to obtain the first interference light, a weak measurement readout mechanism is introduced to enhance the weak phase difference between the two paths corresponding to the first and second path light paths caused by rotation. Therefore, when the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system is used as an optical gyroscope, the sensing capability of the integrated optical gyroscope under miniaturization conditions is significantly improved. Then, the subsequent processor can obtain the linear coefficient based on the predetermined phase, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and the transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient; and obtain the rotational angular velocity of the device under test with higher precision and accuracy based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient, and the predetermined phase. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become clearer from the following description of embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system according to another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system according to yet another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0020] Figure 4 A flowchart of a weak measurement-based angular velocity detection method according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be implemented without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of this application.

[0022] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0023] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0024] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B and C", they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B, a system having A and C, a system having B and C, and / or a system having A, B and C, etc.).

[0025] Fiber optic gyroscopes are a mature and high-performance technology, representing a crucial route for achieving high-precision optical gyroscopes. Optical gyroscopes typically rely on the Sagnac effect, demodulating external angular velocity through the phase difference between two counter-propagating beams within an optical closed loop. However, optical gyroscopes generally suffer from a performance-size trade-off: as inertial sensing systems trend towards miniaturization and on-chip integration, inertial sensing performance is often constrained by factors such as structural dimensions, readout noise, and manufacturing errors, making it difficult to meet the required accuracy for angular velocity measurement. Given the continuously growing demand for integrated optical gyroscopes, there is an urgent need to explore new methods and system architectures that can improve angular velocity measurement capabilities on smaller platforms.

[0026] In view of this, this application provides an angular velocity detection system and method based on weak measurement, which can be applied to the fields of quantum sensing technology and optical gyroscope technology.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement may include a laser 101, a pre-selection module 102, a weak coupling module, a post-selection module 104, a detection module 105, and a processor 106. The weak coupling module may include a first optical resonant cavity 1031 and a second optical resonant cavity 1032. Figure 1 The angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement shown is an optical gyroscope based on weak measurement.

[0029] Laser 101 can be used to emit initial light.

[0030] Laser 101 can be a single-frequency laser. The single-frequency laser provides the coherent state of the input to the microcavity gyroscope. .

[0031] The forward selection module 102 can be used to adjust the phase of two parts of the initial light to obtain a first light and a second light. The phase of the first light and the phase of the second light differ by a predetermined phase.

[0032] According to an embodiment of this application, the initial light is modulated into a pre-selection state after passing through the pre-selection module 102. ,in, The light transmitted subsequently along the upper arm path (i.e., along the counter-clockwise path), i.e., the first path of light, The light transmitted subsequently along the lower arm path (i.e., along the clockwise path), i.e., the second path of light, The predetermined phase is given by e, the natural index, and j, the imaginary unit.

[0033] The first optical resonant cavity 1031 can be used to transmit the first path light along a counterclockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the equipment under test, thus obtaining the first path light. The second optical resonant cavity 1032 can be used to transmit the second path light along a clockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the equipment under test, thus obtaining the second path light.

[0034] According to an embodiment of this application, the first and second light rays, transmitted along counterclockwise and clockwise paths respectively, can sense rotational angular velocity by passing through two optical resonant cavities, one above the other.

[0035] According to an embodiment of this application, the pre-selected light includes two parts: a first path light and a second path light. During the weak coupling process, the first path light input to the first optical resonator 1031 propagates along a counterclockwise path, sensing the target phase loaded onto the first path light by the first optical resonator 1031 due to rotation. The second light input to the second optical resonator 1032 travels along a clockwise path, sensing the phase opposite to the target phase that the second optical resonator 1032 applies to the second light due to rotation. This process corresponds to the evolutionary process. Where T is the transmission coefficient. , The self-coupling coefficient of the microcavity is... The first optical resonant cavity 1031 and the second optical resonant cavity 1032 are both microcavities. The self-coupling coefficients of the first optical resonant cavity 1031 and the second optical resonant cavity 1032 are the same, and the microcavity loss coefficients of the first optical resonant cavity 1031 and the second optical resonant cavity 1032 are the same. For Pauli matrices, .

[0036] The selection module 104 can be used to couple the first part of the light in the first path light with the first part of the light in the second path light to obtain the first interference light.

[0037] According to an embodiment of this application, in the post-selection process, the first path light and the second path light are post-selected by the post-selection module 104, and the post-selection state is... .

[0038] According to embodiments of this application, the weak value amplification effect is achieved by setting before and after selection states.

[0039] According to embodiments of this application, the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system provided in this application, by constructing approximately orthogonal pre-selection and post-selection states, can generate an "abnormally amplified" weak value response to the measured minute parameter (e.g., the target phase corresponding to the rotational angular velocity) under predetermined weak measurement conditions. At a specific operating point, the weak value amplification can not only improve the response amplitude to weak signals but also exhibit a suppression effect on some technical noise; the corresponding anomalous weak value can be located outside the operator eigenvalue spectrum, or even exhibit complex value characteristics, demonstrating the application potential of quantum measurement mechanisms in high-sensitivity sensing.

[0040] The detection module 105 can be used to detect the first interference light and obtain the first light intensity.

[0041] The processor 106 can be used to obtain a linear coefficient based on a predetermined phase, an initial light intensity of the initial light, and a transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient; and to obtain the rotational angular velocity of the device under test based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient, and the predetermined phase.

[0042] According to embodiments of this application, the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system provides separates the interference paths using a first optical resonant cavity and a second optical resonant cavity as gyroscope sensing units, which can eliminate the influence of backscattering on detection. This undercoupled state design makes the resonance enhancement effect of the first and second light paths stronger. Simultaneously, by using a pre-selection module to adjust the phase of two parts of the initial light emitted by the laser to obtain the first and second light paths, with a predetermined phase difference between the phases of the first and second light paths, and a post-selection module coupling the first part of the first path light with the first part of the second path light to obtain the first interference light, a weak measurement readout mechanism is introduced to enhance the weak phase difference between the two paths corresponding to the first and second path light paths caused by rotation. Therefore, when the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system is used as an optical gyroscope, the sensing capability of the integrated optical gyroscope under miniaturization conditions is significantly improved. Then, the subsequent processor can obtain the linear coefficient based on the predetermined phase, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and the transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient; and obtain the rotational angular velocity of the device under test with higher precision and accuracy based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient, and the predetermined phase.

[0043] According to the embodiments of this application, the angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement provided in this application is a dual-cavity optical gyroscope. Compared with a single-cavity gyroscope, the path separation design can eliminate the influence of backscattering on the detection. The undercoupled state design of the dual optical resonant cavities makes the resonance enhancement effect response stronger. At the same time, the rotational angular velocity can be linearly calculated by the light intensity output by a single detector.

[0044] According to an embodiment of this application, the resonant frequency of the first optical resonator in a static state and the resonant frequency of the second optical resonator in a static state are equal to the frequency of the initial light, that is, the frequency of the initial light emitted by the single-frequency laser is the resonant frequency of the first optical resonator and the second optical resonator in a static state.

[0045] According to an embodiment of this application, the resonant frequency of the first optical resonator in a static state and the resonant frequency of the second optical resonator in a static state are equal to the frequency of the initial light, so that when the first light and the second light are incident on the first optical resonator and the second optical resonator respectively, the first light and the second light can be resonated and enhanced in the same way.

[0046] According to an embodiment of this application, the predetermined phase is greater than the target phase and less than 0.1 rad, and the product between the target phase and the second intermediate calculation quantity is greater than 0 and less than 0.1 rad.

[0047] According to embodiments of this application, since the Sagnac effect is a minor physical effect, the target phase... rad. By making the predetermined phase Greater than the target phase and less than 0.1 rad, making When the product between the target phase and the second intermediate calculated quantity is greater than 0 and less than 0.1 rad, it makes... .in, For the operation of retrieving the imaginary part, This is the weak value amplification factor, the second intermediate calculation amount. .

[0048] According to an embodiment of this application, after using the pre-selection module 102 to perform phase adjustment on two parts of the initial light to obtain a first light path and a second light path, such that the phase of the first light path and the phase of the second light path differ by a predetermined phase, and after using the first optical resonator 1031 and the second optical resonator 1032 to transmit the first light path along a counterclockwise path and the second light path along a clockwise path respectively during rotation, a predetermined weak measurement condition is satisfied. At that time, the detection module 105 can detect the first interference light and obtain the first light intensity.

[0049] According to an embodiment of this application, the processor 106 obtains a linear coefficient based on a predetermined phase, an initial light intensity of the initial light, and a transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient. This may include: processing a predetermined phase at a predetermined multiple using a sine function to obtain a third intermediate computational quantity; and obtaining the linear coefficient based on the product between the third intermediate computational quantity, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and the transmission coefficient.

[0050] For example, the predetermined multiple can be 1 / 2 times.

[0051] For example, the linear coefficient K can be calculated according to formula (1).

[0052] (1);

[0053] in, The initial light intensity is the initial light intensity. This is the third intermediate computational quantity.

[0054] As shown in formula (1), the linear coefficient K can be obtained by multiplying the square of the third intermediate calculation, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and the square of the transmission coefficient.

[0055] According to an embodiment of this application, the processor 106 may obtain the rotational angular velocity of the device under test based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient, and the predetermined phase by: obtaining a first intermediate calculation amount based on the first predetermined value and the ratio obtained based on the first light intensity and the linear coefficient; obtaining a second intermediate calculation amount based on the second predetermined value and the predetermined phase; obtaining a target phase based on the first intermediate calculation amount and the second intermediate calculation amount; and obtaining the rotational angular velocity based on the target phase and the linear factor.

[0056] For example, the first predetermined value can be 1, and the second predetermined value can be 2.

[0057] For example, the first light intensity I obtained by the detection module 105 can satisfy the relationship shown in formula (2).

[0058] (2);

[0059] Where K is the linear coefficient.

[0060] because Therefore, formula (2) can be transformed into formula (3).

[0061] (3).

[0062] From formula (3), it can be seen that the first light intensity I can be divided by the linear coefficient K, and then 1 can be subtracted to obtain the first intermediate calculation quantity. Dividing 2 by the predetermined phase... This yields the second intermediate computational cost. The target phase is obtained by dividing the first intermediate computational cost by the second intermediate computational cost. .

[0063] According to embodiments of this application, since the Sagnac effect is a minor physical effect, the target phase... This leads to It has a linear relationship with the rotational angular velocity Ω.

[0064] Therefore, the rotational angular velocity Ω can be calculated according to formula (4).

[0065] (4);

[0066] in, It is a linear factor.

[0067] As can be seen from formula (4), the target phase can be utilized. Divided by linear factor , thus obtaining the rotational angular velocity Ω.

[0068] The following will be Figure 1 Based on the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system shown, the following is utilized Figure 2The angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement according to the embodiments of this application will be further described.

[0069] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system according to another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0070] like Figure 2 As shown, the angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement may include a laser 101, a pre-selection module, a weak coupling module, a post-selection module, a detection module, and a processor 106. The pre-selection module may include a first coupler 1021 and a first phase modulator PM1. The weak coupling module may include a first optical resonant cavity 1031, a second optical resonant cavity 1032, a second coupler 1033, a second phase modulator PM2, a third coupler 1034, and a third phase modulator PM3. The post-selection module may include a fourth coupler 1041. The detection module may include a first photodetector PD1 and a second photodetector PD2.

[0071] The first coupler 1021 can be used to split the initial light into a first portion and a second portion. The first phase adjuster can be used to adjust the phase of the first portion of the initial light to obtain a first path of light. The second portion of the initial light serves as the second path of light.

[0072] According to an embodiment of this application, the first coupler 1021 may be a directional coupler.

[0073] According to an embodiment of this application, the initial light is modulated into a pre-selective state after passing through the first coupler 1021 and the first phase modulator PM1. .

[0074] According to an embodiment of this application, a first path of light is obtained by using a first phase modulator PM1 to adjust the phase of a first portion of the initial light, and a second portion of the initial light is used as a second path of light, such that the phase of the first path of light and the phase of the second path of light differ by a predetermined phase.

[0075] The second coupler 1033 can be used to transmit the first optical path to the first optical resonant cavity 1031. The second phase modulator PM2 can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first optical resonant cavity 1031. The third coupler 1034 can be used to transmit the second optical path to the second optical resonant cavity 1032. The third phase modulator PM3 can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the second optical resonant cavity 1032.

[0076] According to embodiments of this application, this application can calibrate and align the resonant frequencies of the first optical resonant cavity 1031 and the second optical resonant cavity 1032 using a second phase modulator PM2 and a third phase modulator PM3, while simultaneously aligning the resonant frequency of the first optical resonant cavity 1031 in a static state (i.e., the initial state) and the resonant frequency of the second optical resonant cavity 1032 in a static state to the frequency of the initial light. .

[0077] According to an embodiment of this application, the second coupler 1033 is coupled to the first optical resonant cavity 1031, and the third coupler 1034 is coupled to the second optical resonant cavity 1032.

[0078] According to an embodiment of this application, the second coupler 1033 and the third coupler 1034 are coupling devices with identical parameters. When the first optical resonant cavity 1031 rotates, the intensity of light input to the second coupler 1033 and the intensity of light output from the second coupler 1033 change. When the second optical resonant cavity 1032 rotates, the intensity of light input to the third coupler 1034 and the intensity of light output from the third coupler 1034 change, satisfying a predetermined weak measurement condition. At that time, the first light intensity detected and output by the first photodetector was .

[0079] According to embodiments of this application, in order to achieve chip-level integration, the first optical resonant cavity 1031 and the second optical resonant cavity 1032 are designed as ring resonant cavities, and the first coupler 1021 and the fourth coupler 1041 can be implemented by directional couplers. This design is beneficial for chip-level integration.

[0080] According to the embodiments of this application, depending on the specific application requirements or technical conditions, the optical resonant cavity may also adopt other forms of whispering-gallery mode microcavities to adapt to different integration environments or performance requirements. The second coupler 1033 and the third coupler 1034 may also be implemented by tapered optical fibers, prism optical fibers, lens optical fibers, etc.

[0081] The selection module can also be used to couple the second portion of light in the first path light with the second portion of light in the second path light to obtain the second interference light. The detection module can also be used to detect the second interference light to obtain the second light intensity. The processor 106 can also be used to control the second phase modulator PM2 to adjust the resonant frequency of the first optical resonant cavity 1031, and control the third phase modulator PM3 to adjust the resonant frequency of the second optical resonant cavity 1032, according to the second light intensity and a predetermined light intensity range.

[0082] For example, the fourth coupler 1041 can be used to split the first path light to obtain a first part of the first path light and a second part of the first path light, split the second path light to obtain a first part of the second path light and a second part of the second path light, couple the first part of the first path light and the first part of the second path light to obtain a first interference light, and couple the second part of the first path light and the second part of the second path light to obtain a second interference light.

[0083] According to an embodiment of this application, the fourth coupler 1041 is a directional coupler. The first path light and the second path light are selected after passing through the directional coupler, and the selected state is... At this point, the first photodetector PD1 can detect and output the first light intensity. The second photodetector PD2 detects and outputs a second light intensity, which is then used for control feedback.

[0084] According to an embodiment of this application, a first photodetector PD1 can detect a first interference light output from a weak port of a fourth coupler 1041, and a second photodetector PD2 can detect a second interference light output from a strong port of a fourth coupler 1041.

[0085] For example, the first interference light can be received by the first photodetector PD1, and the processor 106 can demodulate the value of the rotational angular velocity based on the output result obtained from the first photodetector PD1, i.e., the first light intensity. The second interference light can be received by the second photodetector PD2, and the processor 106 can perform feedback control based on the output result obtained from the second photodetector PD2, i.e., the second light intensity.

[0086] According to embodiments of this application, the predetermined light intensity range can be selected based on actual conditions and is not limited herein. For example, the predetermined light intensity range can be a range greater than 0 and less than a predetermined voltage. The predetermined voltage can be selected based on actual conditions. It should be noted that since the first light intensity corresponding to the first interference light and the second light intensity corresponding to the second interference light are detected by corresponding photodetectors, both the first light intensity and the second light intensity are voltage signals. The magnitude of the first light intensity reflects the actual light intensity of the first interference light, and the magnitude of the second light intensity reflects the actual light intensity of the second interference light.

[0087] According to an embodiment of this application, the light received by the second photodetector PD2 is used for feedback control. The processor can adjust the resonant frequencies of the second phase modulator PM2 and the third phase modulator PM3 via the second light intensity during the rotation of the weakly measured angular velocity detection system with the device under test, aligning the resonant frequencies of the first and second optical resonators with the frequency of the initial light output from the laser. Specifically, this can be achieved by locking the second light intensity output by the second photodetector PD2 at the minimum value of the transmission spectrum. The minimum value is within a predetermined light intensity range.

[0088] For example, the predetermined weak measurement condition can be met if the output of the second photodetector PD2 is greater than 0V and less than the predetermined voltage during a predetermined time period. At this point, the first photodetector PD1 is used for detection.

[0089] When the output of the second photodetector PD2 is greater than or equal to the predetermined voltage within a predetermined time period, the processor 106 controls the second phase modulator PM2 to adjust the resonant frequency of the first optical resonant cavity 1031, and controls the third phase modulator PM3 to adjust the resonant frequency of the second optical resonant cavity 1032, until the output of the second photodetector PD2 within the predetermined time period is greater than 0V and less than the predetermined voltage.

[0090] According to an embodiment of this application, the processor 106 can control the second phase modulator PM2 to increase or decrease the resonant frequency of the first optical resonant cavity 1031, and can also control the third phase modulator PM3 to increase or decrease the resonant frequency of the second optical resonant cavity 1032.

[0091] According to the embodiments of this application, in the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system provided in this application, apart from the laser and various photodetectors, all other devices can be implemented through a chip structure, enabling the entire system to achieve chip-level integration.

[0092] According to the embodiments of this application, the overall architecture of the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system is designed for chip-level integration, which can form a weak measurement-enhanced integrated dual-cavity gyroscope system that can be engineered and implemented.

[0093] According to the embodiments of this application, from an overall technical perspective, the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system provided by this application uses an optical microcavity as the sensing unit of the gyroscope. Through weak measurement technology, it greatly enhances the sensing performance of the integrated optical gyroscope, and the entire system can be integrated at the chip level. The weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system provided by this application has a simple structure, is easy to use, facilitates chip-level integration, and improves the sensing performance of the integrated optical gyroscope.

[0094] According to the embodiments of this application, from the perspective of application scope, the angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement provided by this application has a wide range of applications, enabling optical gyroscopes to be used in a variety of working scenarios. It has outstanding advantages in size, weight, power consumption, operability, scalability, and robustness, and can operate in harsh environments.

[0095] According to the embodiments of this application, from the perspective of technological improvement, the angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement provided by this application expands the application scenarios based on weak measurement theory and promotes the progress of integrated quantum sensing technology.

[0096] According to an embodiment of this application, the first coupler 1021, the fourth coupler 1041, and the first phase modulator PM1 together achieve an approximately orthogonal front-to-back selection state. Specifically, the first phase modulator PM1 modulates the bias phase between the two light sources input to the upper and lower arms, thereby adjusting the front-to-back selection state to make it approximately orthogonal.

[0097] According to embodiments of this application, the angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement provided by this application can adjust the selection state before and after using only the first phase modulator PM1, or it can... Figure 2 Based on the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system shown, a phase modulator is added to fine-tune the selection states before and after the measurement to meet the predetermined weak measurement conditions. The following will be through Figure 3 The angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement provided in this application will be further described.

[0098] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system according to yet another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0099] Figure 3 The angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement shown is in Figure 2 Based on the weak measurement-based angular velocity detection system shown, a fourth phase modulator PM4, a fifth phase modulator PM5, and a sixth phase modulator PM6 are added to fine-tune the selection state before and after.

[0100] like Figure 3As shown, the angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement may include a laser 101, a pre-selection module, a weak coupling module, a post-selection module, a detection module, a processor 106, a fourth phase modulator PM4, a fifth phase modulator PM5, and a sixth phase modulator PM6. The pre-selection module may include a first coupler 1021 and a first phase modulator PM1. The weak coupling module may include a first optical resonant cavity 1031, a second optical resonant cavity 1032, a second coupler 1033, a second phase modulator PM2, a third coupler 1034, and a third phase modulator PM3. The post-selection module may include a fourth coupler 1041. The detection module may include a first photodetector PD1 and a second photodetector PD2.

[0101] Laser 101 can be used to emit initial light.

[0102] The first coupler 1021 can be used to split the initial light into a first part of the initial light and a second part of the initial light.

[0103] The first phase modulator PM1 can be used to adjust the phase of a first portion of the initial light to obtain a first beam. The fifth phase modulator PM5 can be used to adjust the phase of a second portion of the initial light to obtain a second beam. The phase of the first beam and the phase of the second beam differ by a predetermined phase.

[0104] The second coupler 1033 is coupled to the first optical resonant cavity 1031. The second coupler 1033 can be used to transmit the first light path to the first optical resonant cavity 1031. The second phase modulator PM2 can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first optical resonant cavity 1031. The first optical resonant cavity 1031 can be used to transmit the first light path along a counterclockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the device under test, thus obtaining the first path light.

[0105] The third coupler 1034 is coupled to the second optical resonant cavity 1032. The third coupler 1034 can be used to transmit the second light path to the second optical resonant cavity 1032. The third phase modulator PM3 can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the second optical resonant cavity 1032. The second optical resonant cavity 1032 can be used to transmit the second light path along a clockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the device under test, thus obtaining the second path light.

[0106] The fourth phase modulator, PM4, can be used to adjust the phase of the first path light. The sixth phase modulator, PM6, can be used to adjust the phase of the second path light.

[0107] The fourth phase modulator PM4 and the sixth phase modulator PM6 increase the phase difference between the light from the first path (modulated by the fourth phase modulator PM4) and the light from the second path (modulated by the sixth phase modulator PM6) by a predetermined fine-tuning phase, compared to the phase difference between the first and second path lights, to meet the predetermined weak measurement conditions. ,at this time, , To fine-tune the phase as planned, .

[0108] The subsequent selection module couples the first portion of light in the first path light with the first portion of light in the second path light to obtain the first interference light, including: coupling the first portion of light in the light after the first path light is adjusted by the fourth phase modulator PM4 with the first portion of light in the light after the second path light is adjusted by the sixth phase modulator PM6 to obtain the first interference light.

[0109] The subsequent selection module couples the second portion of the light in the first path light with the second portion of the light in the second path light to obtain the second interference light, including: coupling the second portion of the light in the first path light after being adjusted by the fourth phase modulator PM4 with the second portion of the light in the second path light after being adjusted by the sixth phase modulator PM6 to obtain the second interference light.

[0110] For example, the fourth coupler 1041 can split the light from the first path after it has been modulated by the fourth phase modulator PM4 to obtain a first portion of the light from the first path after it has been modulated by the fourth phase modulator PM4 and a second portion of the light from the first path after it has been modulated by the fourth phase modulator PM4; split the light from the second path after it has been modulated by the sixth phase modulator PM6 to obtain a first portion of the light from the second path after it has been modulated by the sixth phase modulator PM6 and a second portion of the light from the second path after it has been modulated by the sixth phase modulator PM6; couple the first portion of the light from the first path after it has been modulated by the fourth phase modulator PM4 with the first portion of the light from the second path after it has been modulated by the sixth phase modulator PM6 to obtain a first interference light; couple the second portion of the light from the first path after it has been modulated by the fourth phase modulator PM4 with the second portion of the light from the second path after it has been modulated by the sixth phase modulator PM6 to obtain a second interference light.

[0111] The first photodetector PD1 can detect the first interference light and obtain the first light intensity, and the second photodetector PD2 can detect the second interference light and obtain the second light intensity.

[0112] The processor 106 obtains linear coefficients based on a predetermined phase, an initial light intensity of the initial light, and a transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient.

[0113] For example, the predetermined phase in formula (1) can be replaced with the sum of the predetermined phase and the predetermined fine-tuning phase, and the linear coefficient can be obtained by solving the formula (1) after the replacement.

[0114] The processor 106 obtains the rotational angular velocity of the device under test based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient, and the predetermined phase, including: obtaining the rotational angular velocity of the device under test based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient, the predetermined phase, and the predetermined fine-tuning phase.

[0115] For example, the predetermined phase in formula (3) can be replaced with the sum of the predetermined phase and the predetermined fine-tuning phase, and the target phase can be calculated according to the replaced formula (3). Then, the rotational angular velocity Ω is calculated according to formula (4).

[0116] Depend on Figures 1-3 It is understood that this application provides a chip-level dual-cavity gyroscope implementation system and method with weak measurement enhancement.

[0117] Based on the aforementioned angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement, this application also provides an angular velocity detection method based on weak measurement.

[0118] Figure 4 A flowchart of a weak measurement-based angular velocity detection method according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0119] like Figure 4 As shown, the angular velocity detection method based on weak measurement may include operations S401 to S406.

[0120] When operating S401, the laser emits initial light.

[0121] In operation S402, the forward selection module performs phase adjustment on the two parts of the initial light to obtain a first light and a second light. The phase of the first light and the phase of the second light differ by a predetermined phase.

[0122] When operating S403, the first optical resonator of the weak coupling module transmits the first path light along a counterclockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the device under test, thus obtaining the first path light; the second optical resonator of the weak coupling module transmits the second path light along a clockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the device under test, thus obtaining the second path light.

[0123] In operation S404, the subsequent selection module couples the first portion of the light in the first path light with the first portion of the light in the second path light to obtain the first interference light.

[0124] When operating S405, the detection module detects the first interference light and obtains the first light intensity.

[0125] In operation S406, the processor obtains the linear coefficient based on the predetermined phase, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and the transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient; and obtains the rotational angular velocity of the device under test based on the first light intensity, the linear coefficient, and the predetermined phase.

[0126] It should be noted that the angular velocity detection method based on weak measurement in the embodiments of this application corresponds to the angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement in the embodiments of this application. For a detailed description of the angular velocity detection method based on weak measurement, please refer to the angular velocity detection system based on weak measurement, which will not be repeated here.

[0127] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations are not explicitly described in this application. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teachings of this application, the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this application.

[0128] The embodiments of this application have been described above. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. The scope of this application is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this application, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A weak measurement based angular velocity detection system, characterized in that, include: A laser, used to emit initial light; The pre-selection module is used to adjust the phase of two parts of the initial light to obtain a first light and a second light, wherein the phase of the first light and the phase of the second light differ by a predetermined phase. The loosely coupled module includes: The first optical resonant cavity is used to transmit the first path light along a counterclockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the device under test, so as to obtain the first path light. The second optical resonant cavity is used to transmit the second path light along a clockwise path when the angular velocity detection system follows the rotating equipment to be detected, so as to obtain the second path light. The subsequent selection module is used to couple the first portion of the light in the first path light with the first portion of the light in the second path light to obtain the first interference light; The detection module is used to detect the first interference light and obtain the first light intensity; The processor is configured to process a predetermined phase at a predetermined multiple using a sine function to obtain a third intermediate computational quantity; to obtain a linear coefficient by multiplying the third intermediate computational quantity, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and the transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient; to obtain a first intermediate computational quantity by multiplying a first predetermined value and the ratio obtained based on the first light intensity and the linear coefficient; to obtain a second intermediate computational quantity by multiplying a second predetermined value and a predetermined phase; to obtain a target phase by multiplying the first intermediate computational quantity and the second intermediate computational quantity; and to obtain a rotational angular velocity by multiplying the target phase and a linear factor.

2. The angular velocity detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The predetermined phase is greater than the target phase and less than 0.1 rad, and the product between the target phase and the second intermediate calculation quantity is greater than 0 and less than 0.1 rad.

3. The angular velocity detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant frequencies of the first optical resonant cavity and the second optical resonant cavity in a static state are equal to the frequency of the initial light.

4. The angular velocity detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-selection module includes: A first coupler is used to split the initial light into a first portion of the initial light and a second portion of the initial light. A first phase adjuster is used to adjust the phase of a first portion of the initial light to obtain a first path of light, wherein a second portion of the initial light is used as a second path of light.

5. The angular velocity detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The weakly coupled module also includes: The second coupler is used to transmit the first path of light to the first optical resonant cavity; The second phase modulator is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first optical resonant cavity; The third coupler is used to transmit the second optical path to the second optical resonant cavity; A third phase modulator is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the second optical resonant cavity.

6. The angular velocity detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The post-selection module is further configured to couple the second portion of light in the first path light with the second portion of light in the second path light to obtain the second interference light; The detection module is also used to detect the second interference light to obtain the second light intensity; The processor is further configured to control the second phase modulator to adjust the resonant frequency of the first optical resonant cavity based on the second light intensity and a predetermined light intensity range, and to control the third phase modulator to adjust the resonant frequency of the second optical resonant cavity.

7. The angular velocity detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The post-selection module includes: A fourth coupler is used to split the first path light into a first portion of the first path light and a second portion of the first path light, split the second path light into a first portion of the second path light and a second portion of the second path light, couple the first portion of the first path light and the first portion of the second path light together to obtain the first interference light, and couple the second portion of the first path light and the second portion of the second path light together to obtain the second interference light.

8. A method for detecting angular velocity based on weak measurement, characterized in that, include: The laser emits initial light; The pre-selection module performs phase adjustment on two parts of the initial light to obtain a first light and a second light, wherein the phase of the first light and the phase of the second light differ by a predetermined phase. The weakly coupled module includes a first optical resonant cavity that transmits the first path light along a counterclockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the device under test, thus obtaining the first path light; the weakly coupled module also includes a second optical resonant cavity that transmits the second path light along a clockwise path when the angular velocity detection system rotates with the device under test, thus obtaining the second path light. The selection module then couples the first portion of light in the first path light with the first portion of light in the second path light to obtain the first interference light. The detection module detects the first interference light and obtains the first light intensity; The processor processes a predetermined phase at a predetermined multiple using a sine function to obtain a third intermediate computational quantity; a linear coefficient is obtained by multiplying the third intermediate computational quantity, the initial light intensity of the initial light, and the transmission coefficient obtained based on the microcavity loss coefficient and the microcavity self-coupling coefficient; a first intermediate computational quantity is obtained by multiplying a first predetermined value and the ratio obtained based on the first light intensity and the linear coefficient; a second intermediate computational quantity is obtained by multiplying a second predetermined value and a predetermined phase; a target phase is obtained by multiplying the first intermediate computational quantity and the second intermediate computational quantity; and the rotational angular velocity is obtained by multiplying the target phase and the linear factor.

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