Antenna unit, antenna device, base station, and communication system

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna unit, an antenna device, a base station and a communication system, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna comprises a grounding piece, an antenna assembly and a filtering assembly. The filtering assembly comprises a first coupling piece, a self-sensing piece and a second coupling piece, the self-sensing piece is connected with the first coupling piece and the second coupling piece, the first coupling piece is in coupling connection with the grounding piece, and the second coupling piece is in coupling connection with the antenna assembly. The first coupling piece and the grounding piece form a first equivalent capacitor, the self-inductance piece forms an equivalent inductor, and the first equivalent capacitor and the equivalent inductor filter electric signals transmitted by the antenna assembly. By adjusting the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitor and the inductance value of the equivalent inductor, the frequency band capable of being filtered by the filter circuit can be adjusted, high selectivity of the filtering frequency band is achieved, and the working flexibility of the antenna is improved. Moreover, the filtering assembly can be suitable for different antenna arrays, and the universality of the filtering assembly is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna element, antenna device, base station and communication system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, it has now reached the fifth generation of mobile communication standards, and multiple standards coexist. Base station antennas, as an important component of communication equipment, play a crucial role in the field of mobile communication. To adapt to multi-standard compatibility, a key technology for base station antennas is broadband multi-frequency technology, which uses wider bandwidth and antennas operating in different frequency bands to support different communication standards.

[0003] The key to achieving broadband multi-frequency technology for base station antennas lies in multi-array technology operating in different frequency bands. In multi-array base station antennas, due to increasingly higher integration, strong mutual coupling exists between antennas operating at different frequency bands. Therefore, the inter-frequency isolation of multi-array base station antennas has always been a key indicator of industry concern. Currently, the most common approach is to place filters in the feed networks of different frequency bands. These filters can be external or internal. Neither of these methods offers high selectivity and cannot be debugged during production; they only provide full-band suppression.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve high selectivity for the filtered frequency band in the antenna is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an antenna element, antenna device, base station, and communication system, which aims to achieve high selectivity for filtered frequency bands in the antenna.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna unit, the antenna unit including a grounding component, an antenna assembly, and a filtering component, the antenna assembly and the filtering component being disposed on the grounding component, the filtering component including a first coupling component, a self-inductor and a second coupling component, the self-inductor being connected to the first coupling component and the second coupling component respectively, the connection including an electrical connection or a coupling connection, the first coupling component being coupled to the grounding component, and the second coupling component being coupled to the antenna assembly.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the first coupling element and the grounding element constitute a first equivalent capacitor, and the self-inductor constitutes an equivalent inductor. The first equivalent capacitor and the equivalent inductor are used to filter the electrical signal transmitted by the antenna assembly. The first equivalent capacitor and the equivalent inductor form a filtering circuit. By adjusting the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitor and the inductance value of the equivalent inductor, the frequency band that the filtering circuit can filter can be adjusted, achieving high selectivity for the filtering frequency band.

[0008] In another possible implementation, the first coupling element and the grounding element constitute a first equivalent capacitor, the second coupling element and the antenna assembly constitute a second equivalent capacitor, and the self-inductor constitutes an equivalent inductor. The first equivalent capacitor, the second equivalent capacitor, and the equivalent inductor are used to filter the electrical signal transmitted by the antenna assembly. The first equivalent capacitor, the second equivalent capacitor, and the equivalent inductor form a filtering circuit. By adjusting the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitor, the capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitor, and the inductance value of the equivalent inductor, the frequency band that the filtering circuit can filter can be adjusted, achieving high selectivity for the filtering frequency band.

[0009] In one embodiment, the grounding element is a reflector, which is used to reflect electromagnetic wave signals to increase the antenna unit's ability to receive or transmit electromagnetic wave signals.

[0010] In one possible implementation, at least a portion of the self-inductor is bent and extended to adjust the inductance value of the equivalent inductance.

[0011] In another possible implementation, the extension direction of the self-inductor forms an angle with the normal of the grounding element to adjust the inductance value of the equivalent inductance.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first coupling member has a first receiving cavity, the second coupling member has a second receiving cavity, and the self-sensing member has a third receiving cavity, so as to reduce the weight of the filter assembly and facilitate the installation of the filter assembly onto the radiating arm.

[0013] In one embodiment, the third accommodating cavity is connected to both the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity. The filtering assembly further includes an insulating support member disposed within the first accommodating cavity, the second accommodating cavity, and the third accommodating cavity. The insulating support member provides a surface for the first coupling member, the second coupling member, and the self-inductor, facilitating the integral molding of the first coupling member, the self-inductor, and the second coupling member.

[0014] In one embodiment, the filtering component further includes a first insulating member disposed between the first coupling member and the grounding member, and in contact with both the first coupling member and the grounding member. The first insulating member serves to space the first coupling member and the grounding member, thereby insulating them from each other. The first insulating member also serves to adjust the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitance.

[0015] In one embodiment, the antenna assembly includes a radiating arm coupled to the second coupler. The radiating arm and the second coupler constitute the second equivalent capacitance, and the radiating arm is used to convert between electromagnetic wave signals and electrical signals, as well as to transmit or receive electromagnetic wave signals.

[0016] In one embodiment, the filtering component further includes a second insulating member disposed between the second coupling member and the radiating arm, the second insulating member contacting both the second coupling member and the radiating arm. The second insulating member serves to space the second coupling member and the radiating arm, thereby insulating them from each other. The second insulating member also serves to adjust the capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitance.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first coupling member, the radiating arm, and the second coupling member are sequentially stacked on the grounding member along the normal direction of the grounding member. The first coupling member is spaced apart from both the grounding member and the radiating arm, and the second coupling member is spaced apart from the radiating arm. The first insulating member and the first coupling member are sequentially disposed above the grounding member, facilitating the installation of the filter assembly onto the grounding member and also facilitating the removal and replacement of the filter assembly. The second insulating member and the second coupling member are sequentially disposed above the radiating arm, facilitating the installation of the filter assembly onto the radiating arm and also facilitating the removal and replacement of the filter assembly.

[0018] In one embodiment, the antenna assembly includes a radiating arm and a metal component. The radiating arm is coupled to the metal component, and the metal component is coupled to a second coupling element. The metal component and the second coupling element constitute the second equivalent capacitance. The radiating arm is used to convert between electromagnetic wave signals and electrical signals, and to transmit or receive electromagnetic wave signals.

[0019] In one embodiment, the metal component is a resonator or a director. The resonator is coupled to the radiating arm and is used to extend the bandwidth of the radiating arm's operating frequency band. The director is coupled to the radiating arm and is used to guide electromagnetic wave signals to propagate in a specified direction.

[0020] In one embodiment, the filtering component further includes a second insulating member disposed between the second coupling member and the metal member, and in contact with both the second coupling member and the metal member. The second insulating member serves to space the second coupling member and the metal member, thereby insulating them from each other. The second insulating member also serves to adjust the capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitance.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first coupling member, the radiating arm, the metal member, and the second coupling member are sequentially stacked on the grounding member along the normal direction of the grounding member. The first coupling member is spaced apart from both the grounding member and the radiating arm, and the metal member is spaced apart from both the radiating arm and the second coupling member. The first insulating member and the first coupling member are sequentially disposed above the grounding member, facilitating the installation of the filter assembly onto the grounding member and also facilitating the removal and replacement of the filter assembly. The second insulating member and the second coupling member are sequentially disposed above the metal member, facilitating the installation of the filter assembly onto the metal member and also facilitating the removal and replacement of the filter assembly.

[0022] In one embodiment, the antenna element further includes a feed line comprising an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the outer conductor surrounding the inner conductor and spaced apart from it. The outer conductor is disposed on the grounding member, and the radiating arm is located on the outer side of the outer conductor and is fixedly connected to the outer conductor. The inner conductor is coupled to the radiating arm, enabling the transmission of electrical signals between the inner conductor and the radiating arm, and the outer conductor supports the radiating arm.

[0023] In one embodiment, the outer conductor is a feed balun used to adjust the impedance of the feed line so that the impedance of the feed line matches the impedance of the antenna assembly.

[0024] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an antenna device, the antenna device including a feed network and one or more of the above-described antenna elements, the feed network being connected to the antenna elements.

[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a base station, the base station including a radio frequency processing unit, a baseband processing unit and the antenna device described above, the radio frequency processing unit being electrically connected to the baseband processing unit and the antenna device respectively; or, including a baseband processing unit and the antenna device described above, the antenna device being electrically connected to the baseband processing unit.

[0026] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a communication system, the communication system including a core network element and the aforementioned base station, wherein the core network element communicates wirelessly with the base station. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the background art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application or the background art will be described below.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of the base station disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a possible configuration of the antenna device disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the antenna unit disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the antenna element shown;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grounding component shown;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structure of the feeder.

[0035] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A top view of the feeder structure shown;

[0036] Figure 9 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the bottom view of the feeder structure.

[0037] Figure 10 for Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer conductor of the feeder;

[0038] Figure 11 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the antenna assembly and feed line.

[0039] Figure 12 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the first possible structure of the filter component.

[0040] Figure 13 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the first type of equivalent filter circuit structure formed by the filter component and the antenna component.

[0041] Figure 14 for Figure 4 The diagram shows a second equivalent filter circuit structure formed by the filter component and the antenna component.

[0042] Figure 15 for Figure 12 The shown is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filter component along direction II;

[0043] Figure 16 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a second structural representation of the filter component.

[0044] Figure 17 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the third structure of the filter component.

[0045] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the antenna unit disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 19 for Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the antenna element shown;

[0047] Figure 20 for Figure 18 The diagram shows the first type of equivalent filter circuit structure formed by the filter component and the antenna component.

[0048] Figure 21 for Figure 18 The diagram shows a second equivalent filter circuit structure formed by the filter component and the antenna component. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and have no sequential or technical meaning, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Directional terms used in this application, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," are merely for reference to the orientation shown in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the use of directional terms is for better and clearer explanation and understanding of this application, and not to indicate the orientation of the referred device or component in an actual application scenario.

[0050] The terms "parallel," "perpendicular," and "flush" are specific to the current technological level, not absolute mathematical definitions. Slight deviations are permissible; approximations of parallelism, perpendicularity, or flushness are all acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, with an angle between A and B between 0 and 5 degrees. Similarly, "A and B are perpendicular" means A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, with an angle between A and B between 85 and 95 degrees. Finally, "A and B are flush" means A and B are flush or approximately flush, with a height difference between A and B between 0 and 5 mm.

[0051] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system disclosed in an embodiment of this application. The communication system includes a base station 1 and a core network element 2. The base station 1 and the core network element 2 can communicate wirelessly, and the core network element 2 can communicate wirelessly with terminal devices.

[0053] In this embodiment, base station 1 can also be referred to as an access network device or access node. Base station 1 has wireless transceiver capabilities for communicating with terminals. Base station 1 can be located in a Base Station Subsystem (BBS), a UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), or an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) to provide cell coverage for signal transmission, thereby enabling communication between the terminal and the wireless network. As an example and not a limitation, base station 1 can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Node B (NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an Evolutionary Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, a Transmission Reception Point (TRP), a Next Generation NodeBasestation (gNB) in a New Radio (NR) system, a next-generation base station in a future mobile communication system, an access network device or module of an access network device in an Open RAN (ORAN) system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) system, etc. Base station 1 can also be a module or unit capable of implementing some of the functions of a base station. For example, base station 1 can be a Central Unit (CU), a Distributed Unit (DU), a CU-Control Plane (CP), a CU-User Plane (UP), or a Radio Unit (RU), etc. In the ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU, DU can be called Open (O)-DU, CU-CP can be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can be called O-CUP-UP, and RU can be called O-RU.Base station 1 can be a macro base station, micro base station, indoor station, relay node, donor node, or a wireless controller in a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN) scenario. It can also be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, server, or network equipment in future networks, etc., and this application embodiment is not limited in this regard. For example, the access network equipment in Vehicle to Everything (V2X) technology can be a Roadside Unit (RSU). Multiple access network devices in the communication system can be the same type of base station or different types of base stations.

[0054] In this embodiment, core network element 2 can be a network device, such as a switch or router. Terminal equipment can be a user equipment, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal equipment, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device.

[0055] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of a base station disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Base station 1 may include an antenna device 10, a mounting frame 20, an adjustment bracket 30, etc. The mounting frame 20 and adjustment bracket 30 are optional; that is, base station 1 may not include the mounting frame 20 or the adjustment bracket 30. The antenna device 10 can be mounted on the mounting frame 20 via the adjustment bracket 30 to facilitate the antenna device 10 in receiving or transmitting electromagnetic wave signals. Figure 2 The embodiments shown are merely one optional implementation. In actual implementation, the antenna device and base station in the embodiments of this application may be different from those in other applications. Figure 2 The embodiments shown are different, and this application does not limit them.

[0056] Additionally, base station 1 may also include a radio frequency (RF) processing unit 40 and a baseband processing unit 50. For example, the RF processing unit 40 may perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by antenna device 10, converting it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal and sending it to the baseband processing unit 50. Alternatively, the RF processing unit 40 may up-convert and amplify the signal or IF signal from baseband processing unit 50, converting it into electromagnetic waves through antenna device 10 for transmission. In some embodiments, the RF processing unit 40 may also be referred to as a Remote Radio Unit (RRU), or it may be an RF module within an Active Antenna Unit (AAU). The baseband processing unit 50 may also be referred to as a Baseband Unit (BBU).

[0057] The antenna device 10 can be a passive antenna, and the base station 1 includes a radio frequency processing unit 40, a baseband processing unit 50, and the antenna device 10. Alternatively, the antenna device 10 can be an active antenna, and the base station 1 includes the baseband processing unit 50 and the antenna device 10, but does not include the radio frequency processing unit 40.

[0058] In one possible embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the radio frequency processing unit 40 can be integrated with the antenna device 10, and the baseband processing unit 50 is located at the far end of the antenna device 10. In some other embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 40 and the baseband processing unit 50 can also be located at the far end of the antenna device 10 simultaneously. The radio frequency processing unit 40 and the baseband processing unit 50 can be electrically connected via a cable 60.

[0059] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a possible configuration of the antenna device disclosed in this application. The antenna device 10 includes an antenna element 100, an radome 200, and a feed network 300. The antenna element 100 and the feed network 300 are disposed within the radome 200 and connected to each other. The antenna element 100 is used to convert electromagnetic wave signals into electrical signals and to transmit or receive electromagnetic wave signals. That is, the antenna element 100 can convert received electrical signals into corresponding electromagnetic wave signals and transmit them, or it can receive electromagnetic wave signals and convert them into corresponding electrical signals. The feed network 300 is used to provide electrical signals to the antenna element 100 and receive electrical signals output by the antenna element 100, and also to adjust the amplitude and phase of the electrical signals. The radome 200 has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the influence of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance, thereby protecting the antenna element 100 from the influence of the external environment. The baseband processing unit 50 can be electrically connected to the feed network 300 of the antenna device 10 via the radio frequency processing unit 40.

[0060] It should be noted that there can be one or more antenna elements 100. Multiple antenna elements 100 are arranged in an array, that is, multiple antenna elements 100 constitute an antenna element array. Different antenna elements 100 can operate in the same or different frequency bands. Subsequent embodiments will use a single antenna element 100 as an example.

[0061] In this application, the feed network 300 may include a phase shifter 310, a transmission component 320, and a power divider 330. The phase shifter 310 is electrically connected to both the transmission component 320 and the power divider 330. The phase shifter 310 is used to adjust the phase of the electrical signal to adjust the coverage range of the electromagnetic wave signal. The transmission component 320 is used to change the direction of the electromagnetic wave signal beam. The power divider 330 is used to combine multiple electrical signals into one electrical signal or to divide one electrical signal into multiple electrical signals. Depending on the required functions of the antenna device 10, the antenna element 100 may also load more devices. This application embodiment does not limit the specific functions of the antenna device 10.

[0062] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the antenna element disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the specific structure of the antenna unit. The antenna unit 100 includes a grounding element 110, a feed line 120, an antenna assembly 130, and a filter assembly 140. The feed line 120 is disposed on the grounding element 110 and is fixedly connected to it. The antenna assembly 130 is disposed on the feed line 120 and is fixedly connected to it. The filter assembly 140 is disposed on the grounding element 110 and is fixedly connected to it.

[0063] The grounding element 110 is a reflector, used to receive and reflect electromagnetic wave signals, thereby increasing the ability of the antenna element 100 to receive or transmit electromagnetic wave signals. Specifically, when the antenna element 100 receives electromagnetic wave signals, the reflector reflects the electromagnetic wave signals to the antenna assembly 130; when the antenna element 100 transmits electromagnetic wave signals, the reflector reflects the electromagnetic wave signals directed at it. The reflector also blocks and shields interfering electromagnetic wave signals from the back of the reflector. The feed line 120 is used to realize the electrical signal transmission between the antenna assembly 130 and the feed network 300. The antenna assembly 130 is used to realize the conversion between electromagnetic wave signals and electrical signals and to receive or transmit electromagnetic wave signals. The filter element 140 is coupled to both the grounding element 110 and the antenna assembly 130 to filter the electrical signals transmitted by the antenna assembly 130.

[0064] It should be noted that multiple antenna elements 100 can share a single grounding component 110, meaning that the grounding components 110 of multiple antenna elements 100 are integrated, and multiple feed lines 120, multiple antenna assemblies 130, and multiple filter components 140 are provided on a single grounding component 110.

[0065] For ease of description, the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are defined, and each of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis is perpendicular to the others. The normal direction S of the grounding element 110 is parallel to the Z-axis, and the normal direction of the grounding element 110 forms a 90-degree angle with the grounding element 110.

[0066] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structure of the grounding component. The grounding component 110 includes a top surface 110a and a bottom surface 110b, with the top surface 110a facing the Z-axis and the bottom surface 110b facing away from the Z-axis. The grounding component 110 has a mounting hole 111 and a first fixing hole 112. The mounting hole 111 penetrates both the top surface 110a and the bottom surface 110b, and the first fixing hole 112 penetrates both the top surface 110a and the bottom surface 110b, with the first fixing hole 112 spaced apart from the mounting hole 111.

[0067] In this application, the mounting holes 111 are cylindrical holes, and there are four of them, spaced apart from each other. Two mounting holes 111 are spaced apart along the X-axis, and the other two mounting holes 111 are spaced apart along the Y-axis. In other embodiments, the number of mounting holes 111 may be one, two, three, or more than four, and this application does not impose a specific limitation on this.

[0068] In this application, the first fixing holes 112 are cylindrical holes, and there are four of them, which are spaced apart. The four mounting holes 111 are defined as one mounting hole group, and the four first fixing holes 112 are defined as two fixing hole groups. Each fixing hole group includes two first fixing holes 112. One fixing hole group is spaced apart from the mounting hole group along the X-axis. The other fixing hole group is spaced apart from the mounting hole group along the Y-axis.

[0069] Please see Figures 7 to 9 , Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the three-dimensional structure of the feeder. Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a top view of the feeder structure. Figure 9 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a bottom view of the feeder structure. The feeder 120 includes a fixing body 121, an outer conductor 122, an inner conductor 123, and a connector 124. Specifically, the fixing body 121 includes a first surface 121a, a second surface 121b, and a peripheral surface 121c. The first surface 121a and the second surface 121b are positioned opposite each other and spaced apart along the Z-axis. The peripheral surface 121c is located between the first surface 121a and the second surface 121b, and it contacts both the first surface 121a and the second surface 121b.

[0070] The fixing body 121 has a hollow portion 1211 that penetrates the first surface 121a and the second surface 121b, and the peripheral wall of the hollow portion 1211 is connected to the peripheral side surface 121c, that is, the peripheral wall of the hollow portion 1211 is not closed. The first surface 121a, the second surface 121b, the peripheral side surface 121c, and the peripheral wall of the hollow portion 1211 constitute the surface of the fixing body 121.

[0071] In this application, the fixing body 121 is generally disc-shaped. There are four hollow portions 1211, spaced apart from each other. The openings on the peripheral walls of all four hollow portions 1211 face away from the central axis of the fixing body 121, and these openings represent the unclosed portions of the peripheral walls. The four hollow portions 1211 are arranged around the central axis of the fixing body 121, with two hollow portions 1211 spaced apart along the X-axis and the other two spaced apart along the Y-axis.

[0072] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 for Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer conductor of the feeder is shown. The outer conductor 122 includes a first end face 1221 and a second end face 1222, which are opposite to each other and spaced apart along the Z-axis. A cutout 1223 is formed in the first end face 1221 of the outer conductor 122. The cutout 1223 includes a cutout sidewall 1223a and a cutout bottom wall 1223b, with the bottom wall 1223b facing opposite to the Z-axis. The cutout sidewall 1223a is connected to both the first end face 1221 and the bottom wall 1223b.

[0073] The outer conductor 122 has a tubular structure and encloses an accommodating space a. The periphery of the outer conductor 122 may be closed or open, and this application does not impose specific restrictions on this. Wherein, the periphery of the outer conductor 122 is closed, meaning that there is no opening on the periphery of the outer conductor 122, and the periphery of the outer conductor 122 is not closed, meaning that there is an opening on the periphery of the outer conductor 122. Figure 10 In the middle, the outer conductor 122 has an opening on its periphery, and the periphery of the outer conductor 122 extends along the Z-axis direction to the bottom wall 1223b of the cut and the second end face 1222.

[0074] In this application, there are four outer conductors 122, which are spaced apart from each other. The first end faces 1221 of the four outer conductors 122 are flush, the bottom walls 1223b of the cuts are flush, and the second end faces 1222 of the four outer conductors 122 are flush. For ease of description, the four outer conductors 122 are defined as the first outer conductor 122a, the second outer conductor 122b, the third outer conductor 122c, and the fourth outer conductor 122d. The first outer conductor 122a and the second outer conductor 122b are spaced apart along the X-axis, and the third outer conductor 122c and the fourth outer conductor 122d are spaced apart along the Y-axis. The distance between the first outer conductor 122a and the second outer conductor 122b is equal to the distance between the third outer conductor 122c and the fourth outer conductor 122d. The cut 1223 of the first outer conductor 122a is located near the second outer conductor 122b, the cut 1223 of the second outer conductor 122b is located near the first outer conductor 122a, the cut 1223 of the third outer conductor 122c is located near the fourth outer conductor 122d, and the cut 1223 of the fourth outer conductor 122d is located near the third outer conductor 122c.

[0075] Please see Figure 7 Four outer conductors 122 are disposed on the fixing body 121. The bottom wall 1223b of the cut of each outer conductor 122 is fixedly connected to the first surface 121a of the fixing body 121, so that each outer conductor 122 is fixed to the fixing body 121. The side wall 1223a of the cut of the outer conductor 122 can be fixedly connected to the peripheral side surface 121c of the fixing body 121, or the side wall 1223a of the cut can be spaced apart from the peripheral side surface 121c of the fixing body 121. This application does not impose specific limitations on this. The accommodating space a of one outer conductor 122 and a hollow part 1211 of the fixing body 121 are disposed along the Z-axis direction, and the accommodating space a and the hollow part 1211 are in communication.

[0076] Please see Figures 7 to 9 The inner conductor 123 includes a conductor end face 1231, which is one end of the inner conductor 123. The inner conductor 123 extends along the Z-axis and is elongated. The inner conductor 123 is disposed within the accommodating space a of the outer conductor 122 and the hollow portion 1211 of the fixing body 121, and is spaced apart from both the outer conductor 122 and the fixing body 121. The conductor end face 1231 of the inner conductor 123 is located inside the second end face 1222 of the outer conductor 122, and is flush with the second end face 1222 of the outer conductor 122.

[0077] In this application, there are four inner conductors 123, and the conductor ends 1231 of the four inner conductors 123 are flush. The four inner conductors 123 are defined as a first inner conductor 123a, a second inner conductor 123b, a third inner conductor 123c, and a fourth inner conductor 123d. The first inner conductor 123a and the second inner conductor 123b are positioned opposite each other and spaced apart along the X-axis, and the third inner conductor 123c and the fourth inner conductor 123d are positioned opposite each other and spaced apart along the Y-axis. The first inner conductor 123a is disposed within the first outer conductor 122a, and is spaced apart from the first outer conductor 122a. The second inner conductor 123b is disposed within the second outer conductor 122b, and is spaced apart from the second outer conductor 122b. The third inner conductor 123c is disposed within the third outer conductor 122c, and is spaced apart from the third outer conductor 122c. The fourth inner conductor 123d is disposed within the fourth outer conductor 122d, and the fourth inner conductor 123d and the fourth outer conductor 122d are spaced apart.

[0078] Please see Figures 7 to 9 There are two connectors 124, which are defined as the first connector 124a and the second connector 124b. The first connector 124a extends along the X-axis and is positioned between the conductor end face 1231 of the first inner conductor 123a and the conductor end face 1231 of the second inner conductor 123b. The first connector 124a is fixedly connected to both the first inner conductor 123a and the second inner conductor 123b, so that the first connector 124a is electrically connected to both the first inner conductor 123a and the second inner conductor 123b. The first inner conductor 123a and the second inner conductor 123b transmit electrical signals to each other through the first connector 124a. The second connector 124b extends along the Y-axis and is disposed between the conductor end face 1231 of the third inner conductor 123c and the conductor end face 1231 of the fourth inner conductor 123d. The third connector 124c is fixedly connected to the first inner conductor 123a and the fourth inner conductor 123d respectively, so that the second connector 124b is electrically connected to the third inner conductor 123c and the fourth inner conductor 123d respectively, and the third inner conductor 123c and the fourth inner conductor 123d transmit electrical signals to each other through the second connector 124b.

[0079] It should be noted that the electrical connection mentioned in this application refers to a situation where two components are in contact or connected by a wire, and the two components can transmit electrical signals to each other. For example, if A and B are electrically connected, or if A and B are in contact or connected by a wire, the electrical signal of A can be transmitted to B, and the electrical signal of B can be transmitted to A.

[0080] For example, in the Z-axis direction, the heights of the first connector 124a and the second connector 124b are different to avoid mutual interference between the electrical signals transmitted by the first connector 124a and the second connector 124b due to parasitic capacitance.

[0081] For example, the first connector 124a is integrally formed with the first inner conductor 123a and the second inner conductor 123b which are fixedly connected thereto, and the second connector 124b is integrally formed with the third inner conductor 123c and the fourth inner conductor 123d which are fixedly connected thereto.

[0082] Please see Figure 5 A fixing body 121 is disposed on the top surface 110a of the grounding member 110, and the second surface 121b of the fixing body 121 contacts the top surface 110a. The fixing body 121 covers a portion of each of the four mounting holes 111. An outer conductor 122 is disposed within one mounting hole 111, that is, the first outer conductor 122a, the second outer conductor 122b, the third outer conductor 122c, and the fourth outer conductor 122d are each disposed within one mounting hole 111. The first connecting body 124a and the second connecting body 124b are located in the direction of the grounding member 110 toward the Z-axis.

[0083] It should be noted that the feeder 120 provided in this application is a coaxial cable. In other embodiments, the feeder 120 may also be an overhead open line or other feeders used for transmitting electrical signals, and this application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0084] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the antenna assembly and feed line. The antenna assembly 130 includes a radiating arm 131, which is used to convert electromagnetic wave signals into electrical signals and to transmit or receive electromagnetic wave signals. The radiating arm 131 is an open frame structure with a second fixing hole 1311, which extends through the radiating arm 131 along the Z-axis. In this application, the second fixing hole 1311 is a cylindrical hole, and each radiating arm 131 has two second fixing holes 1311. In other embodiments, the number of second fixing holes 1311 may be one or more than two, and this application does not impose a specific limitation on this.

[0085] In this application, there are four radiating arms 131. Depending on the design of the radiation performance of the antenna device 10, such as its gain and polarization direction, a greater number of radiating arms 131 can be provided. This application uses four radiating arms 131 as an example, defining them as the first radiating arm 131a, the second radiating arm 131b, the third radiating arm 131c, and the fourth radiating arm 131d.

[0086] The first radiating arm 131a and the second radiating arm 131b are spaced apart along the X-axis, and are mirror-symmetrical along the second connecting body 124b. The third radiating arm 131c and the fourth radiating arm 131d are spaced apart along the Y-axis, and are mirror-symmetrical along the first connecting body 124a.

[0087] Radiation arms 131 are fixedly connected to outer conductors 122. Specifically, the first radiation arm 131a is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first outer conductor 122a, and the surface of the first radiation arm 131a facing the Z-axis is aligned with the second end face 1222 of the first outer conductor 122a. The second radiation arm 131b is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second outer conductor 122b, and the surface of the second radiation arm 131b facing the Z-axis is aligned with the second end face 1222 of the second outer conductor 122b. The third radiation arm 131c is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the third outer conductor 122c, and the surface of the third radiation arm 131c facing the Z-axis is aligned with the second end face 1222 of the third outer conductor 122c. The fourth radiation arm 131d is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fourth outer conductor 122d, and the surface of the fourth radiation arm 131d facing the Z-axis is aligned with the second end face 1222 of the fourth outer conductor 122d.

[0088] It should be noted that the unclosed portion of the radiating arm 131 is fixedly connected to the outer conductor 122, forming a closed structure with the outer conductor 122. The outer conductor 122 supports the radiating arm 131. The outer conductor 122 can also be called a feed balun, which can adjust the impedance of the feed line 120 so that the impedance of the feed line 120 matches the impedance of the antenna assembly 130.

[0089] In this application, the inner conductor 123 is spaced apart from the radiating arm 131, and the inner conductor 123 is coupled to the radiating arm 131 to realize the electrical signal transmission between the feed line 120 and the antenna assembly 130. That is, the first inner conductor 123a is spaced apart from the first radiating arm 131a, and the first inner conductor 123a is coupled to the first radiating arm 131a. The second inner conductor 123b is spaced apart from the second radiating arm 131b, and the second inner conductor 123b is coupled to the second radiating arm 131b. The third inner conductor 123c is spaced apart from the third radiating arm 131c, and the third inner conductor 123c is coupled to the third radiating arm 131c. The fourth inner conductor 123d is spaced apart from the fourth radiating arm 131d, and the fourth inner conductor 123d is coupled to the fourth radiating arm 131d.

[0090] It should be noted that the coupling connection mentioned in this application refers to a situation where two components are not in contact, but are coupled electromagnetically (mutually inductively), causing a change in the current of one component to affect the current of the other. For example, A and B are coupled, spatially separated, and a change in the current or voltage of A affects the current or voltage of B through electromagnetic coupling, and a change in the current or voltage of B affects the current or voltage of A through electromagnetic coupling. Furthermore, the coupling connection between A and B can be such that no other coupling elements are present between A and B, for example, a change in the current or voltage of A directly affects a change in the current or voltage of B; or it can be such that other coupling elements are present between A and B, for example, C is also present between A and B, and a change in the current or voltage of A affects a change in the current or voltage of C, and a change in the current or voltage of C affects a change in the current or voltage of B. This situation can also be called a coupling connection between A and B.

[0091] In other embodiments, the inner conductor 123 can be electrically connected to the radiating arm 131 to realize electrical signal transmission between the feed line 120 and the antenna assembly 130. That is, the first inner conductor 123a is electrically connected to the first radiating arm 131, the second inner conductor 123b is electrically connected to the second radiating arm 131b, the third inner conductor 123c is electrically connected to the third radiating arm 131c, and the fourth inner conductor 123d is electrically connected to the fourth radiating arm 131d.

[0092] It should also be noted that this application uses the term "connection" to encompass both electrical and coupled connections, meaning that a connection includes both electrical and coupled connections. For example, a connection between the first inner conductor 123a and the first radiating arm 131 indicates that the first inner conductor 123a can be electrically connected to the first radiating arm 131, or the first inner conductor 123a can be coupled to the first radiating arm 131. A connection between the second inner conductor 123b and the second radiating arm 131b means that the second inner conductor 123b and the second radiating arm 131b are either electrically connected or coupled. A connection between the third inner conductor 123c and the third radiating arm 131c means that the third inner conductor 123c and the third radiating arm 131c are either electrically connected or coupled. A connection between the fourth inner conductor 123d and the fourth radiating arm 131d means that the fourth inner conductor 123d and the fourth radiating arm 131d are either electrically connected or coupled.

[0093] In this embodiment, each radiating arm 131 is a monopole. Two monopoles arranged along the X-axis or Y-axis form a single-polarized half-wave dipole antenna element. A single-polarized half-wave dipole antenna element can only transmit or receive signals, not simultaneously. Two half-wave dipole antenna elements arranged along the X-axis and Y-axis together form a dual-polarized antenna element, which can simultaneously transmit and receive signals, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the antenna element 100. In other embodiments, the antenna assembly 130 can also be a T-shaped antenna, a rhombic antenna, a top-loaded antenna, a Yagi antenna, or a surface antenna, etc., and this application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0094] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 12 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a first structural schematic of the filter assembly. The filter assembly 140 includes a first coupling member 141, a second coupling member 142, a self-inductor 143, a first insulating member 144, a second insulating member 145, a first fixing member 147, and a second fixing member 148. The first coupling member 141 and the second coupling member 142 are arranged opposite each other along the Z-axis and spaced apart. The self-inductor 143 extends along the Z-axis and is disposed on the side of the first coupling member 141 and the side of the second coupling member 142, and is fixedly connected to both the first coupling member 141 and the second coupling member 142. The first insulating member 144 is disposed on the surface of the first coupling member 141 facing away from the second coupling member 142, and the second insulating member 145 is disposed on the surface of the second coupling member 142 facing the first coupling member 141.

[0095] In this embodiment, the self-inductor 143 is fixedly connected to the first coupling member 141 and the second coupling member 142, respectively, and electrically connected to both the first coupling member 141 and the second coupling member 142. In other embodiments, the self-inductor 143 is spaced apart from both the first coupling member 141 and the second coupling member 142, and is coupled to both. That is, the self-inductor 143 is connected to both the first coupling member 141 and the second coupling member 142.

[0096] The connection includes electrical connection or coupling connection.

[0097] Understandably, the self-sensing element 143 is fixedly connected to the first coupling element 141 and the second coupling element 142 respectively, and there is no need to set up other components to fix the self-sensing element 143.

[0098] In this application, the first coupling member 141 has two first mounting holes that extend through it along the Z-axis. The first insulating member 144 has two first assembly holes that extend through it along the Z-axis. The central axis of one first assembly hole is aligned with the central axis of another first assembly hole, and the two first assembly holes are connected. The second coupling member 142 has two second mounting holes that extend through it along the Z-axis. The second insulating member 145 has two second assembly holes that extend through it along the Z-axis. The central axis of one second assembly hole is aligned with the central axis of another second assembly hole, and the two second assembly holes are connected.

[0099] Please see Figure 12 The first fixing member 147 is disposed in the first assembly hole of the first coupling member 141 and the first assembly hole of the first insulating member 144, thereby fixing the first coupling member 141 and the first insulating member 144. The second fixing member 148 is disposed in the second assembly hole of the second coupling member 142 and the second assembly hole of the second insulating member 145, thereby fixing the second coupling member 142 and the second insulating member 145.

[0100] For example, both the first fixing member 147 and the second fixing member 148 are rivets. In other embodiments, the first coupling member 141 and the first insulating member 144 can also be fixed by means of bonding, snapping, etc., and the second coupling member 142 and the second insulating member 145 can also be fixed by means of bonding, snapping, etc.

[0101] Please see Figure 5The filter assembly 140 is disposed between the grounding member 110 and the antenna assembly 130. Specifically, a first insulating member 144 is disposed on the top surface 110a of the grounding member 110, and the surface of the first insulating member 144 facing away from the first coupling member 141 contacts the top surface 110a. A second insulating member 145 is disposed on the surface of the radiating arm 131 facing away from the grounding member 110, and the surface of the second insulating member 145 facing away from the second coupling member 142 contacts the surface of the radiating arm 131 facing away from the grounding member 110. A first fixing member 147 is also disposed in the first fixing hole 112, so that the filter assembly 140 is fixedly connected to the grounding member 110. A second fixing member 148 is also disposed in the second fixing hole 1311, so that the filter assembly 140 is fixedly connected to the antenna assembly 130. In other embodiments, the filter assembly 140 can be fixed to the grounding member 110 and the first insulating member 144 by means of bonding, snapping or other methods, and the filter assembly 140 can be fixed to the antenna assembly 130 by means of bonding, snapping or other methods.

[0102] It should be noted that, Figure 5 In this embodiment, there are two filter components 140, each disposed on one of the two radiating arms 131. The two radiating arms 131 on which the two filter components 140 are disposed can be any two of the four radiating arms 131; this application does not impose a specific limitation on this. In other embodiments, there may be one filter component 140, disposed on any one of the four radiating arms 131. There may also be three filter components 140, disposed on any three of the four radiating arms 131. Alternatively, there may be four filter components 140, each disposed on one radiating arm 131. This application does not impose a specific limitation on the number of filter components 140.

[0103] In this application, the first insulating member 144, the first coupling member 141, the radiating arm 131, the second insulating member 145, and the second coupling member 142 are sequentially stacked on the grounding member 110 along the normal direction of the grounding member 110. The first coupling member 141 is spaced apart from the grounding member 110 and the radiating arm 131, and the second coupling member 142 is spaced apart from the radiating arm 131.

[0104] Understandably, the first insulating member 144 and the first coupling member 141 are sequentially disposed above the grounding member 110, facilitating the installation of the filter assembly 140 onto the grounding member 110 and also facilitating the disassembly and replacement of the filter assembly 140. The second insulating member 145 and the second coupling member 142 are sequentially disposed above the radiating arm 131, facilitating the installation of the filter assembly 140 onto the radiating arm 131 and also facilitating the disassembly and replacement of the filter assembly 140.

[0105] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 13 for Figure 4 The diagram shows a first equivalent filter circuit structure formed by the filter component and the antenna component. The first coupling element 141 is coupled to the grounding element 110, and the first coupling element 141 and the grounding element 110 together constitute the first equivalent capacitance C1. The second coupling element 142 is coupled to the radiating arm 131, and the second coupling element 142 and the radiating arm 131 together constitute the second equivalent capacitance C2. The self-inductor 143 constitutes the equivalent inductance L. The first equivalent capacitance C1, the second equivalent capacitance C2, and the equivalent inductance L constitute the filter circuit, which is used to filter the electrical signals transmitted by the antenna component 130.

[0106] In the prior art, filters are set up in two ways: external and internal. Although both methods can effectively improve the inter-frequency isolation of multi-array base station antennas, the disadvantage of the external method is that it increases the number of components and connection points, which not only increases the cost but also brings the risk of passive intermodulation. The disadvantage of the internal method is that it increases the design difficulty of the feed network, and its filtering performance is prone to being insufficient when the layout space is limited. Understandably, in this application, the filter component 140 is coupled to the grounding component 110 and the radiating arm 131 respectively to form the above-mentioned filter circuit. The filter component 140 can flexibly adjust the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitor C1, the capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitor C2, and the inductance value of the equivalent inductance L according to the actual filtering frequency band requirements, that is, the filter component 140 of this application is reconfigurable. By adjusting the values ​​of the first equivalent capacitor C1, the second equivalent capacitor C2, and the equivalent inductance L, the frequency band that the filter circuit can filter is adjustable, achieving high selectivity for the filter band and improving the operational flexibility of the antenna unit 100. Furthermore, the filter component 140 can be applied to different antenna arrays, increasing its versatility. In addition, the filter component 140 has a simple structure, allowing for mass production and debugging, effectively reducing its production cost.

[0107] In this application, the first insulating member 144 contacts the first coupling member 141 and the grounding member 110 respectively, and the first insulating member 144 is used to adjust the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitance C1. The second insulating member 145 contacts the second coupling member 142 and the radiating arm 131 respectively, and the second insulating member 145 is used to adjust the capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitance C2.

[0108] Please see Figure 14 , Figure 14 for Figure 4The diagram shows a second equivalent filter circuit structure formed by the filter component and the antenna component. The first coupling element 141 is coupled to the grounding element 110, and the first coupling element 141 and the grounding element 110 together constitute the first equivalent capacitance C1. The second coupling element 142 is coupled to the radiating arm 131, and the self-inductance element 143 constitutes the equivalent inductance L. The first equivalent capacitance C1 and the equivalent inductance L together form a filter circuit used to filter the electrical signals transmitted by the antenna component 130. That is, the second coupling element 142 and the radiating arm 131 do not constitute a second equivalent capacitance C2; ​​it is sufficient that the second coupling element 142 and the radiating arm 131 are coupled together.

[0109] Understandably, the filter component 140 can flexibly adjust the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitor C1 and the inductance value of the equivalent inductance L according to the actual filtering frequency band requirements, that is, the filter component 140 of this application is reconfigurable. By adjusting the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitor C1 and the inductance value of the equivalent inductance L, the frequency band that the filter circuit can filter can be adjusted, achieving high selectivity for the filtering frequency band and improving the operational flexibility of the antenna unit 100.

[0110] In other embodiments, the first coupling member 141 may not be disposed above the grounding member 110. Instead, it may be disposed below or to the side of the grounding member 110, as long as the first coupling member 141 is spaced apart from the grounding member 110 and coupled to form a first equivalent capacitance C1. Similarly, the second coupling member 142 may not be disposed above the radiating arm 131. Instead, it may be disposed below or to the side of the radiating arm 131, as long as it is spaced apart from the radiating arm 131 and coupled to it.

[0111] In one embodiment, the first coupling member 141, the second coupling member 142, and the self-inductor 143 are made of metallic material. A protective layer can be provided on the surface of each of the first coupling member 141, the second coupling member 142, and the self-inductor 143. The protective layer can be an insulating material, such as plastic. The first coupling member 141, the second coupling member 142, and the self-inductor 143 can be integrally formed. The protective layer can serve as an insulator between the first coupling member 141 and the grounding member 110, and as an insulator between the second coupling member 142 and the radiating arm 131.

[0112] In one possible implementation, the first coupling member 141, the second coupling member 142, and the self-sensing member 143 can all be solid.

[0113] In another possible implementation, the first coupling element 141, the second coupling element 142, and the self-sensing element 143 can all be hollow. See also... Figure 15 , Figure 15 for Figure 12 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the filter assembly along direction II. A first coupling member 141 has a first accommodating cavity 1411, a second coupling member 142 has a second accommodating cavity 1421, and a self-inductor 143 has a third accommodating cavity 1431. The third accommodating cavity 1431 communicates with both the first accommodating cavity 1411 and the second accommodating cavity 1421. The filter assembly 140 also includes an insulating support member 149, which is disposed within the first accommodating cavity 1411, the second accommodating cavity 1421, and the third accommodating cavity 1431. The insulating support member 149 supports the first coupling member 141, the second coupling member 142, and the self-inductor 143. The insulating support member 149 provides a surface for the first coupling member 141, the second coupling member 142, and the self-inductor 143, facilitating the integral molding of these components. That is, an insulating support 149 is first formed, and then a first coupling member 141, a second coupling member 142 and a self-sensing member 143 are formed on the surface of the insulating support 149.

[0114] It should be noted that the insulating support 149 is integrally molded by injection molding. The insulating support 149, the first insulating component 144, and the second insulating component 145 can also be integrally molded by injection molding. The insulating support 149, the first insulating component 144, the second insulating component 145, the first fixing component 147, and the second fixing component 148 can also be integrally molded by injection molding.

[0115] In other embodiments, the third accommodating cavity 1431 is not connected to the first accommodating cavity 1411 and the second accommodating cavity 1421, and the filter assembly 140 does not include the insulating support member 149. That is, the first coupling member 141, the second coupling member 142, and the self-inductor 143 are simply hollow. By making the first coupling member 141, the second coupling member 142, and the self-inductor 143 hollow, the weight of the filter assembly 140 can be reduced, making it easier for the filter assembly 140 to be installed onto the radiating arm 131.

[0116] Please see Figure 16 , Figure 16 for Figure 5The diagram shows a second structural design of the filter assembly. The difference between the second and first structures of the filter assembly 140 lies in the area of ​​the coupling surface of the first coupling member 141 and the area of ​​the coupling surface of the second coupling member 142. Specifically, the coupling surface of the first coupling member 141 is the surface facing the grounding member 110, and the coupling surface of the second coupling member 142 is the surface facing the radiating arm 131. The capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitor C1 is adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the coupling surface of the first coupling member 141, and the capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitor C2 is adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the coupling surface of the second coupling member 142. For a description of the similarities between the second and first structures of the filter assembly 140, please refer to the relevant description of the first structure of the filter assembly 140; it will not be repeated here.

[0117] It should be noted that the second structure of the filter component 140 can be formed as follows: Figure 13 The first equivalent filter circuit shown can also be configured as follows: Figure 14 The second equivalent filter circuit is described above. Further descriptions of the first and second equivalent filter circuits are omitted.

[0118] In other embodiments, the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitor C1 can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the first coupling member 141 and the grounding member 110, that is, by adjusting the thickness of the first insulating member 144. The distance between the first coupling member 141 and the grounding member 110 is greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 1 mm, 1.4 mm, 2 mm, 3.5 mm, 5 mm, 6.4 mm, 8.9 mm, 10 mm, or other values, and this application does not impose specific limitations on this. The capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitor C2 can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the second coupling member 142 and the radiating arm 131, that is, by adjusting the thickness of the second insulating member 145. The distance between the second coupling member 142 and the radiating arm 131 is greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 1 mm, 1.3 mm, 2 mm, 3.2 mm, 4 mm, 4.7 mm, 5 mm, 6.8 mm, 7 mm, 7.3 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.6 mm, 10 mm, or other values. This application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0119] The capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitance C1 can be adjusted by including or omitting the first insulating member 144. Without the first insulating member 144, the insulating medium between the first coupling member 141 and the grounding member 110 is air. The first insulating member 144 adjusts the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitance C1 by changing its dielectric constant. For example, changing the material of the first insulating member 144 alters its dielectric constant; the material can be polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyphenylene ether film, polycarbonate film, polyphenylene naphthalene film, polyvinylidene fluoride film, or other artificial electromagnetic materials. Alternatively, the first insulating member 144 can be solid or partially hollow, thus changing its dielectric constant. Furthermore, the dielectric constant of the first insulating member 144 can be changed by altering its shape; for example, the surface of the first insulating member 144 can be uneven, stepped, or serrated.

[0120] The capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitor C2 can be adjusted by including or omitting the second insulating member 145. Without the second insulating member 145, the insulating medium between the second coupling member 142 and the radiating arm 131 is air. The second insulating member 145 adjusts the capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitor C2 by changing its dielectric constant. For example, changing the material of the second insulating member 145 alters its dielectric constant; the material can be polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyphenylene ether film, polycarbonate film, polyphenylene naphthalene film, polyvinylidene fluoride film, or other artificial electromagnetic materials. Alternatively, the second insulating member 145 can be solid or partially hollow, thus changing its dielectric constant. Furthermore, the dielectric constant of the second insulating member 145 can be changed by altering its shape; for example, the surface of the second insulating member 145 can be uneven, stepped, or serrated.

[0121] Please see Figure 17 , Figure 17 for Figure 5The diagram shows a third structural design of the filter assembly. The difference between this third structure and the first and second structures of the filter assembly 140 lies in the shape of the inductor 143. Specifically, at least a portion of the inductor 143 is bent; that is, the inductor 143 can be completely bent or partially bent. The bending of the inductor 143 means that its extension direction is not parallel to the Z-axis direction, while the Z-axis direction is parallel to the normal direction of the grounding element 110. For a description of the similarities between this third structure and the first and second structures of the filter assembly 140, please refer to the relevant descriptions of the first and second structures of the filter assembly 140; they will not be repeated here.

[0122] Understandably, bending at least partially the self-inductor 143 can increase its length, thereby changing the inductance value of the equivalent inductance L. This application does not impose specific restrictions on the number of bends or the direction of the self-inductor 143, as long as the bending of the self-inductor 143 can change the inductance value of the equivalent inductance L.

[0123] In other embodiments, the extension direction of the self-inductor 143 forms an angle with the normal of the grounding member 110, that is, the self-inductor 143 is inclined. The angle between the extension direction of the self-inductor 143 and the normal of the grounding member 110 can increase the length of the self-inductor 143, thereby changing the inductance value of the equivalent inductance L.

[0124] In one possible implementation, the inductance value of the equivalent inductance L can be changed by altering the thickness of the self-inductor 143. The thinner the self-inductor 143, the greater the inductance value of the equivalent inductance L.

[0125] It should be noted that the third structure of the filter component 140 can be formed as follows: Figure 13 The first equivalent filter circuit shown can also be configured as follows: Figure 14 The second equivalent filter circuit is described above. The relevant descriptions of the first and second equivalent filter circuits will not be repeated here.

[0126] Please see Figure 18 and Figure 19 , Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the antenna element disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 19 for Figure 18The diagram shows a detailed structural schematic of the antenna element. The difference between the second structure and the first structure of antenna element 100 is that the antenna assembly 130 includes a radiating arm 131 and a metal component 132, with the second coupling component 142 coupled to the metal component 132. For a description of the similarities between the second and first structures of antenna element 100, please refer to the relevant description of the first structure of antenna element 100; it will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the second structure of antenna element 100 includes all three structures of the filter component 140 described above: the first structure, the second structure, and the third structure.

[0127] Specifically, the antenna assembly 130 includes a radiating arm 131 and a metal component 132. The radiating arm 131 and the metal component 132 are stacked and spaced apart along the Z-axis, and are coupled together. The radiating arm 131 does not have a second fixing hole 1311. The metal component 132 has a third fixing hole that extends through it along the Z-axis. In this application, there are four third fixing holes. In other embodiments, the number of third fixing holes may be one, two, three, or more than four; this application does not impose a specific limitation on this.

[0128] In this embodiment, the second fixing member 148 is disposed in the third fixing hole, so that the filter assembly 140 is fixedly connected to the metal member 132. In other embodiments, the metal member 132 and the second insulating member 145 can be fixed to the filter assembly 140 by means of adhesive bonding, snap-fitting, etc.

[0129] For example, Figure 19 In this embodiment, there are two filter components 140, and both filter components 140 are fixedly connected to the metal part 132. In other embodiments, the number of filter components 140 can be one, three, four, or other more, and each filter component 140 is fixedly connected to the metal part 132. This application does not impose a specific limitation on the number of filter components 140.

[0130] For example, the metal component 132 is a hollow ring structure. The metal component 132 can be a resonator or a director. The resonator is coupled to the radiating arm 131, and the resonator extends the bandwidth of the operating frequency band of the radiating arm 131 by adjusting the resonant frequency of the radiating arm 131. The director is coupled to the radiating arm 131 and is used to guide electromagnetic wave signals to propagate in a specified direction.

[0131] For example, a first coupling member 141, a first insulating member 144, a radiating arm 131, a metal member 132, a second insulating member 145, and a second coupling member 142 are sequentially stacked on the grounding member 110 along the normal direction of the grounding member 110. The first coupling member 141 is spaced apart from both the grounding member 110 and the radiating arm 131, and the metal member 132 is spaced apart from both the radiating arm 131 and the second coupling member 142. The second insulating member 145 is located between the metal member 132 and the second coupling member 142, and the second insulating member 145 is in contact with both the metal member 132 and the second coupling member 142.

[0132] Understandably, the second insulating member 145 and the second coupling member 142 are sequentially arranged above the metal member 132, which facilitates the installation of the filter assembly 140 onto the metal member 132 and also facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the filter assembly 140.

[0133] Please see Figure 20 , Figure 20 for Figure 18 The diagram shows a first equivalent filter circuit structure formed by the filter component and the antenna component. The first coupling element 141 is coupled to the grounding element 110, and the first coupling element 141 and the grounding element 110 together constitute the first equivalent capacitance C1. The second coupling element 142 is coupled to the metal element 132, and the second coupling element 142 and the metal element 132 together constitute the second equivalent capacitance C2. The self-inductance element 143 constitutes the equivalent inductance L. The first equivalent capacitance C1, the second equivalent capacitance C2, and the equivalent inductance L constitute the filter circuit, which is used to filter the electrical signals transmitted by the antenna component 130.

[0134] Understandably, the filter component 140 is coupled to the grounding component 110 and the metal component 132 respectively to form the aforementioned filter circuit. The filter component 140 can flexibly adjust the capacitance values ​​of the first equivalent capacitor C1, the second equivalent capacitor C2, and the equivalent inductance value L according to the actual filtering frequency band requirements; that is, the filter component 140 of this application is reconfigurable. By adjusting the capacitance values ​​of the first equivalent capacitor C1, the second equivalent capacitor C2, and the equivalent inductance value L, the frequency band that the filter circuit can filter is adjustable, achieving high selectivity for the filtering frequency band and improving the operational flexibility of the antenna unit 100.

[0135] Please see Figure 21 , Figure 21 for Figure 18The diagram shows a second equivalent filter circuit structure formed by the filter component and the antenna component. The first coupling element 141 is coupled to the grounding element 110, and the first coupling element 141 and the grounding element 110 together constitute the first equivalent capacitance C1. The second coupling element 142 is coupled to the metal component 132. The self-inductance element 143 constitutes the equivalent inductance L. The first equivalent capacitance C1 and the equivalent inductance L form a filter circuit, which is used to filter the electrical signal transmitted by the antenna component 130. That is, the second coupling element 142 and the metal component 132 do not constitute a second equivalent capacitance C2; ​​it is sufficient that the second coupling element 142 and the metal component 132 are coupled together.

[0136] Understandably, the filter component 140 can flexibly adjust the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitor C1 and the inductance value of the equivalent inductance L according to the actual filtering frequency band requirements, that is, the filter component 140 of this application is reconfigurable. By adjusting the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitor C1 and the inductance value of the equivalent inductance L, the frequency band that the filter circuit can filter can be adjusted, achieving high selectivity for the filtering frequency band and improving the operational flexibility of the antenna unit 100.

[0137] In other embodiments, the second coupling member 142 may not be disposed above the metal member 132. The second coupling member 142 may be disposed below the metal member 132 or to the side of the metal member 132, as long as the second coupling member 142 is spaced apart from the metal member 132 and is coupled to the metal member 132.

[0138] In other embodiments, the metal part 132 is not a planar structure. The metal part 132 can be bent in the direction of the grounding part 110, or it can be bent obliquely towards the grounding part 110. This application does not impose specific limitations on the specific shape of the metal part 132.

[0139] In summary, the communication system provided in this application includes a core network element 2 and a base station 1. The base station 1 includes an antenna device 10, which includes a feed network and an antenna element 100. The antenna element 100 includes a grounding component 110, an antenna assembly 130, and a filter component 140, both of which are disposed on the grounding component 110. The filter component 140 includes a first coupling element 141, a second coupling element 142, and a self-inductor 143. The self-inductor 143 is connected to both the first coupling element 141 and the second coupling element 142, and the connection includes an electrical connection or a coupling connection. The first coupling element 141 is coupled to the grounding component 110, and the second coupling element 142 is coupled to the antenna assembly 130. The first coupling element 141 and the grounding element 110 form a first equivalent capacitor C1, and the self-inductor 143 forms an equivalent inductance L. The first equivalent capacitor C1 and the equivalent inductance L are used to filter the electrical signal transmitted by the antenna assembly 130. Alternatively, the first coupling element 141 and the grounding element 110 form a first equivalent capacitor C1, the second coupling element 142 and the antenna assembly 130 form a second equivalent capacitor C2, and the self-inductor 143 forms an equivalent inductance L. The first equivalent capacitor C1, the second equivalent capacitor C2, and the equivalent inductance L are used to filter the electrical signal transmitted by the antenna assembly 130. By adjusting the capacitance values ​​of the first equivalent capacitor C1, the second equivalent capacitor C2, and the equivalent inductance L, the frequency band that the filtering circuit can filter can be adjusted, achieving high selectivity for the filtering frequency band and improving the operational flexibility of the antenna unit 100. Moreover, the filtering assembly 140 can be applied to different antenna arrays, improving the versatility of the filtering assembly 140. Furthermore, the filter component 140 has a simple structure, allowing for mass production and debugging, effectively reducing its production cost. The technical solution of this application can improve filtering performance by 3-6 dB in the 690-960MHz range.

[0140] It should be understood that the application of this application is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims. Those skilled in the art will understand that implementing all or part of the processes of the above embodiments, and making equivalent changes according to the claims of this application, still falls within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna element, characterized in that, The antenna unit includes a grounding component, an antenna assembly, and a filtering component. The antenna assembly and the filtering component are both disposed on the grounding component. The filtering component includes a first coupling component, a self-inductance component, and a second coupling component. The self-inductance component is connected to the first coupling component and the second coupling component respectively. The first coupling component is coupled to the grounding component, and the second coupling component is coupled to the antenna assembly.

2. The antenna element as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first coupling element and the grounding element constitute a first equivalent capacitance, and the self-inductor constitutes an equivalent inductance. The first equivalent capacitance and the equivalent inductance are used to filter the electrical signals transmitted by the antenna assembly.

3. The antenna element as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first coupling element and the grounding element constitute a first equivalent capacitance, the second coupling element and the antenna assembly constitute a second equivalent capacitance, and the self-inductor constitutes an equivalent inductance. The first equivalent capacitance, the second equivalent capacitance, and the equivalent inductance are used to filter the electrical signal transmitted by the antenna assembly.

4. The antenna element as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding component is a reflector.

5. The antenna element as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least a portion of the self-sensing element is bent and extended.

6. The antenna element as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The extension direction of the self-inductor forms an angle with the normal of the grounding element.

7. The antenna element as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first coupling member has a first receiving cavity, the second coupling member has a second receiving cavity, and the self-sensing member has a third receiving cavity.

8. The antenna element as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The third accommodating cavity is connected to both the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity; The filtering component further includes an insulating support member disposed within the first accommodating cavity, the second accommodating cavity, and the third accommodating cavity.

9. The antenna element as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The filtering component further includes a first insulating element, which is disposed between the first coupling element and the grounding element, and the first insulating element is in contact with the first coupling element and the grounding element respectively.

10. The antenna element as described in claim 9, characterized in that, When the first coupling element and the grounding element constitute a first equivalent capacitance, the first insulating element is used to adjust the capacitance value of the first equivalent capacitance.

11. The antenna element as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The antenna assembly includes a radiating arm, which is coupled to the second coupler.

12. The antenna element as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The filtering component further includes a second insulating member, which is disposed between the second coupling member and the radiating arm, and the second insulating member is in contact with the second coupling member and the radiating arm respectively.

13. The antenna element as described in claim 12, characterized in that, When the second coupling member and the radiating arm form a second equivalent capacitor, the second insulating member is used to adjust the capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitor.

14. The antenna element as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The first coupling member, the radiating arm, and the second coupling member are sequentially stacked on the grounding member along the normal direction of the grounding member. The first coupling member is spaced apart from the grounding member and the radiating arm, and the second coupling member is spaced apart from the radiating arm.

15. The antenna element as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The antenna assembly includes a radiating arm and a metal component, the radiating arm being coupled to the metal component, and the metal component being coupled to a second coupling component.

16. The antenna element as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The metal component is a resonator or a director.

17. The antenna element as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that, The filtering component further includes a second insulating member, which is disposed between the second coupling member and the metal member, and the second insulating member is in contact with the second coupling member and the metal member respectively.

18. The antenna element as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, When the second coupling member and the metal member form a second equivalent capacitor, the second insulating member is used to adjust the capacitance value of the second equivalent capacitor.

19. The antenna element as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, The first coupling element, the radiating arm, the metal element, and the second coupling element are sequentially stacked on the grounding element along the normal direction of the grounding element. The first coupling element is spaced apart from the grounding element and the radiating arm, and the metal element is spaced apart from the radiating arm and the second coupling element.

20. An antenna device, characterized in that, It includes a power supply network and one or more antenna elements as described in any one of claims 1-19, wherein the power supply network is connected to the antenna elements.

21. A base station, characterized in that, It includes a radio frequency processing unit, a baseband processing unit, and an antenna device as described in claim 20, wherein the radio frequency processing unit is electrically connected to the baseband processing unit and the antenna device, respectively; or, it includes a baseband processing unit and an antenna device as described in claim 20, wherein the antenna device is electrically connected to the baseband processing unit.

22. A communication system, characterized in that, It includes core network elements and a base station as described in claim 21, wherein the core network elements communicate wirelessly with the base station.

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