Portable bottom mud sample segmented dewatering and drying co-processing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable bottom mud sample segmented dewatering and drying cooperative treatment device, and relates to the technical field of bottom mud treatment. Comprising a mounting main frame with a through hole in the upper end, a bottom mud dehydration module arranged at the upper end of the mounting main frame, and a bottom mud drying module arranged at the lower end of the mounting main frame, a plurality of dewatering discs which are coaxially distributed and gradually increased in size are matched with a stepped annular mud guide table to guide bottom mud to flow downwards step by step along the mud guide table, so that the contact time of the bottom mud and a water filtering film is prolonged, a dewatering blind area caused by rapid accumulation of the bottom mud is avoided, segmented dewatering is realized, the water content of the bottom mud finally entering a drying module is reduced, and the drying efficiency is improved. The drying load is greatly reduced; the bottom mud dewatering module and the bottom mud drying module are in accurate butt joint through the through opening, dewatered bottom mud directly falls into the corresponding drying cylinder through the first discharging opening, manual transfer is not needed, and sample loss, secondary pollution and time waste in the transfer process are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sediment treatment technology, specifically to a portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying combined treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as environmental monitoring, geological exploration, and water and soil pollution control, the collection and processing of sediment samples is one of the core links. The processing effect directly determines the accuracy of subsequent component detection, pollutant analysis and other data. Sediment samples usually have high water content and complex composition. After collection, they need to be dehydrated and dried in time to remove moisture interference, retain the original physicochemical properties, and provide qualified samples for on-site rapid testing of pollutants such as heavy metals in sediment.

[0003] Currently, the equipment for dewatering and drying sediment samples is mainly divided into two categories: laboratory fixed equipment and simple on-site processing equipment. However, both types of equipment have obvious technical defects and are difficult to adapt to the dual needs of rapid on-site processing and precise laboratory processing.

[0004] While laboratory-mounted equipment (such as centrifuges and forced-air drying ovens) can achieve high-precision dehydration and drying, they are bulky, heavy, and dependent on external power and water sources, making them unsuitable for use at field sampling sites. Sediment samples collected in the field need to be placed in sealed containers and transported to the laboratory. This process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to sample stratification and component deterioration due to vibration and temperature changes. Furthermore, sample leakage and secondary contamination may occur, seriously affecting the accuracy of the test data.

[0005] Existing field treatment equipment is mostly single-function, capable of either dehydration or drying. It requires step-by-step operation and relies on manual transportation. For example, some portable dehydration equipment uses single-stage extrusion dehydration or filtration dehydration. The contact time between the sediment and the dehydration medium is short and the flow path is simple, which can easily lead to insufficient dehydration and local accumulation, resulting in excessive subsequent drying load and low processing efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an integrated device that combines segmented dewatering, synergistic drying, and portable mobility, which has become a pressing issue in the field of sediment treatment technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a portable device for the segmented dehydration and drying of sediment samples.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention: a portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying co-processing device, comprising a main frame with a through-hole at the upper end, a sediment dehydration module located at the upper end of the main frame, and a sediment drying module located at the lower end of the main frame; The sediment dewatering module includes a dewatering cylinder with its bottom end located outside the through-hole and its top end having an addition port; several dewatering discs of gradually increasing size distributed coaxially inside the dewatering cylinder from top to bottom; a hollow mud-guiding truncated cone disposed in each of the dewatering discs; a connecting pipe for connecting two adjacent mud-guiding truncated cones; and a filter membrane disposed on the side wall of each mud-guiding truncated cone. The top end of the dewatering disc has an open structure, and each dewatering disc has several first discharge ports along the circumferential direction at its bottom end. A drain port is provided on the mud-guiding truncated cone at the bottom end. A screening box for screening solid impurities in the sediment sample is connected to the addition port. The bottom mud drying module includes an outer mounting cylinder with its upper end located around the through-hole and its lower end fastened to a mounting base plate, several drying cylinders located on the mounting base plate and corresponding one-to-one with each of the first discharge ports located at the bottom, an air diffuser located at the center of the mounting base plate and having a porous structure on the outside, a hot air blower connected to the air diffuser, and a second discharge port located at the bottom of the mounting base plate and at the bottom of each drying cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, a temporary storage box is provided on the side wall of the dehydration cylinder, and a washing plate is connected to the upper periphery of each dehydration plate in the dehydration cylinder through several connecting rods. The washing plate is connected to the temporary storage box through a connecting pipe, and a water pump is provided at the connection. The drain outlet is connected to the upper end of the temporary storage box through a return pipe, and a solenoid valve is provided at the connection.

[0010] Description: The water separated by the filter membrane on the mud guide platform is introduced into the temporary storage tank through the drain outlet and return pipe. The solenoid valve can automatically control the start and stop of the return flow according to the liquid level in the temporary storage tank to avoid overflow. When the dehydration operation is completed or when bottom mud adheres to the inner wall of the dehydration tray, the water pump starts to transport the recovered water in the temporary storage tank to the cleaning tray. The cleaning tray is fixed to the upper periphery of the dehydration tray by the connecting rod, which can perform annular spray cleaning of the inner wall of the dehydration tray, the annular mud guide platform and the filter membrane. The wastewater after rinsing is returned to the temporary storage tank for treatment, which reduces water waste and avoids residual bottom mud from affecting the accuracy of subsequent sample processing. It is especially suitable for field scenarios without continuous water supply.

[0011] Furthermore, a coagulation sedimentation tank is provided at the center of the temporary storage tank. The coagulation sedimentation tank has a reagent addition port at its upper end. A stirring shaft driven by a second rotary motor is located at the center of the coagulation sedimentation tank. Several baffles distributed in a grid pattern are provided between the temporary storage tank and the coagulation sedimentation tank. Each baffle is equipped with a first filter screen. A second filter screen is provided on each side wall of the coagulation sedimentation tank. A drain valve is provided at the upper end of the side wall of the coagulation sedimentation tank, and a drain valve is provided at the bottom end of the coagulation sedimentation tank.

[0012] Explanation: Wastewater from the washing plate and water separated by the filter membrane are initially filtered through the first filters on several baffles to remove larger particles. Then, the water undergoes secondary filtration through the second filters on the side walls of the coagulation sedimentation tank before entering the tank. At this point, coagulants and flocculants can be added through the chemical addition port. The second rotating motor drives the stirring shaft to stir at high speed, ensuring thorough mixing of the chemicals and wastewater. This causes fine impurities to coagulate into larger flocs. The clear liquid can be discharged through the drain valve and pumped back to the washing plate for recycling. When it is necessary to remove the flocculated sediment, it can be discharged through the drain valve. This system is suitable for the high standards of water resource recycling required for long-term field operations.

[0013] Furthermore, the mesh count of the first filter screen is smaller than that of the second filter screen, and the bottom of the temporary storage box is movably fastened with a mounting base cover. The drain valve and the stirring shaft are both located on the mounting base cover.

[0014] Explanation: The first filter screen with a smaller mesh size can preferentially intercept flushing wastewater and larger particles of bottom sludge impurities in the separated water, preventing large particles from directly impacting the second filter screen and causing clogging. The second filter screen with a larger mesh size can further trap fine impurities, improving the initial cleanliness of the water entering the coagulation sedimentation tank, reducing the amount of coagulant used, and improving sedimentation treatment efficiency. The movable mounting cover at the bottom of the temporary storage tank provides a convenient access for inspection and maintenance of the drain valve, stirring shaft, and sewage valve.

[0015] Furthermore, each of the dewatering discs has several annular mud-guiding platforms on its sidewall from top to bottom, and the filter membrane is disposed on the annular mud-guiding platforms.

[0016] Explanation: The annular mud guide platform is distributed from top to bottom along the side wall of the dewatering disc, forming a stepped structure. Its core function is to guide the flow of bottom mud and optimize the dewatering effect. After the bottom mud is added through the inlet, it flows down the annular mud guide platform step by step under the action of gravity, prolonging the contact time between the bottom mud and the filter membrane, and avoiding the bottom mud from accumulating too quickly and causing insufficient dewatering. At the same time, the stepped structure can slow down the flow speed of the bottom mud, allowing the filter membrane to separate water more fully and improve the dewatering efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the connecting pipe is located at the center of the bottom end of each of the dehydration trays, and adjacent dehydration trays are connected by several reinforcing support rods distributed circumferentially along the connecting pipe.

[0018] Explanation: The connecting pipe is located at the center of the bottom of the dewatering disc. On the one hand, it serves as a connecting channel between adjacent mud-guiding discs, allowing the water separated by each dewatering disc to be collected and discharged through the drain outlet of the bottom mud-guiding disc. On the other hand, it plays a central positioning role, ensuring that multiple dewatering discs are coaxially distributed, avoiding vibration caused by eccentricity during operation. The reinforcing support rods are evenly distributed around the circumference of the connecting pipe, connecting two adjacent dewatering discs to form a stable frame structure and enhancing the overall rigidity of the bottom mud dewatering module.

[0019] Furthermore, each of the drying cylinders has an annular notch on its upper sidewall, and vertical annular plates are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the drying cylinder. Two vertical annular plates are connected by a horizontal annular plate that passes through the annular notch. An annular gear is provided on the outer wall of the vertical annular plate outside the drying cylinder. The corresponding annular gears on the outer sides of two adjacent drying cylinders mesh with each other, and one of the annular gears meshes with a rotating gear. The rotating gear is connected through a first rotary motor.

[0020] Explanation: The first rotary motor drives the rotating gear, which in turn drives one of the ring gears to rotate. The ring gears of adjacent drying cylinders mesh with each other, thereby achieving synchronous reverse rotation of all drying cylinders. When the drying cylinder rotates, the bottom mud inside is evenly distributed along the cylinder wall under the action of centrifugal force, and at the same time, it comes into full contact with the hot air blown out by the air diffuser, avoiding local accumulation of bottom mud that could lead to uneven drying or clumping.

[0021] Furthermore, the inner wall of each drying cylinder is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick coating, and the connecting pipe between the hot air blower and the air diffuser is provided with a temperature sensor and an air volume regulating valve.

[0022] Note: The PTFE non-stick coating prevents the sediment from adhering to the drying cylinder wall after drying, reducing sample loss and facilitating cleaning; the temperature sensor monitors the hot air temperature in real time, and the air volume regulating valve can adjust the air volume according to the moisture content of the sediment, achieving precise temperature control during drying and preventing high temperature from damaging the sediment sample composition.

[0023] Furthermore, the main mounting frame is equipped with handrails on its side walls, and the four corners at the bottom of the main mounting frame are each equipped with casters with brakes.

[0024] Note: The handrail is ergonomically designed with a non-slip surface, making it easy for operators to move the device; the casters at the bottom of the main frame are equipped with brakes, which not only meet the flexible movement needs of different scenarios such as the field and laboratory, but also fix the device during operation to prevent slippage.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying co-processing device of the present invention first screens solid impurities, then uses several coaxially distributed dehydration discs of increasing size, in conjunction with a stepped annular mud guide platform, to guide the sediment to flow downwards step by step along the guide platform. This not only prolongs the contact time between the sediment and the filter membrane, avoiding dehydration blind spots caused by rapid sediment accumulation, but also achieves segmented dehydration, resulting in a lower moisture content of the sediment that finally enters the drying module, significantly reducing the drying load. The filter membrane dehydration does not require high-pressure extrusion; it separates water solely through osmosis, thus protecting the organic matter and microorganisms in the sediment. Sensitive components such as volatile pollutants are eliminated, ensuring that the test results of the dried samples can truly reflect the physicochemical properties of the original sediment, providing qualified samples for on-site rapid testing of pollutants such as heavy metals in the sediment; the sediment dewatering module and the sediment drying module are precisely connected through the through-hole, and the dewatered sediment falls directly into the corresponding drying cylinder through the first discharge port, eliminating the need for manual transfer and avoiding sample loss, secondary pollution, and time waste during the transfer process; the mounting base plate is fastened to the outer mounting cylinder, and the bottom cover is movably fastened to the bottom of the temporary storage box, allowing for quick disassembly for cleaning the drying cylinder, draining the coagulation sedimentation tank, and repairing components; Therefore, this device adopts a collaborative design of "segmented dehydration + rotary drying", a portable structure integration, water resource recycling and automated control, which solves the technical pain points of existing sediment sample processing equipment such as "insufficient dehydration, uneven drying, easy damage to sample components, poor portability and dependence on external water supply". It not only ensures the efficiency and quality of sample processing, but also adapts to the needs of multiple scenarios such as field and laboratory, while also having the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection and convenient operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the mud-guiding frustum of the present invention in the dewatering pan; Figure 3 This is an internal top view of the temporary storage box of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an internal side view of the temporary storage box of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drying cylinder of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view showing the connection of the various drying cylinders of the present invention.

[0027] The components include: 1-Main frame, 10-Through opening, 11-Handrail, 12-Wheel casters, 2-Sediment dewatering module, 20-Adding port, 21-Dewatering cylinder, 210-Temporary storage box, 211-Secondary filter screen, 212-Drain valve, 22-Dewatering disc, 220-First discharge port, 23-Guiding truncated cone, 230-Drain outlet, 231-Annular guiding truncated cone, 24-Connecting pipe, 25-Filter membrane, 251-Return pipe, 252-Solenoid valve, 27-Connecting crank, 28-Washing disc, 29-Reinforcing support rods, 3-Sediment drying. Module, 30-Mounting base plate, 31-Outer mounting cylinder, 32-Drying cylinder, 320-Annular notch, 321-Vertical annular plate, 322-Horizontal annular plate, 323-Annular gear, 324-Rotating gear, 325-First rotating motor, 33-Air diffuser, 34-Hot air blower, 35-Second discharge port, 36-Temperature sensor, 37-Air volume regulating valve, 4-Coagulation sedimentation tank, 40-Reagent addition port, 41-Second rotating motor, 42-Agitator shaft, 43-Baffle plate, 44-First filter screen, 45-Mounting base cover. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Example 1 like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a portable sediment sample segmented dewatering and drying co-processing device includes a main mounting frame 1 with a through-hole 10 at the upper end, a sediment dewatering module 2 located at the upper end of the main mounting frame 1, and a sediment drying module 3 located at the lower end of the main mounting frame 1. The sediment dewatering module 2 includes a dewatering cylinder 21 with its bottom end located around the through-hole 10 and its top end having an addition port 20; three dewatering discs 22 of gradually increasing size distributed from top to bottom and coaxially distributed within the dewatering cylinder 21; a guide disc 23 with a hollow internal structure located within each dewatering disc 22; a connecting pipe 24 for connecting two adjacent guide discs 23; and a filter membrane 25 located on the side wall of each guide disc 23. The top end of the dewatering disc 22 has an open structure, and each dewatering disc 22 has six first discharge ports 220 along the circumference at its bottom end. A drain port 230 is located on the bottommost guide disc 23. A screening box 5 for screening solid impurities in the sediment sample is connected to the addition port 20. Both the filter membrane 25 and the screening box 5 adopt existing technologies. For example, the filter membrane 25 can be a spiral anti-fouling RO membrane, and the screening box 5 can be an XSB-88 type stainless steel screening box. The bottom mud drying module 3 includes an outer mounting cylinder 31 with its upper end located around the through opening 10 and its lower end fastened to a mounting base plate 30; six drying cylinders 32 located on the mounting base plate 30 and corresponding one-to-one with each of the first discharge ports 220 located at the bottommost end; a diffuser 33 located at the center of the mounting base plate 30 and with a porous structure on the outside; a hot air blower 34 connected to the diffuser 33; and a second discharge port 35 located at the bottom end of the mounting base plate 30 and at the bottom end of each drying cylinder 32. The hot air blower 34 adopts existing technology, such as an HG-300A type hot air blower. Each dewatering disc 22 has four annular mud-guiding platforms 231 arranged from top to bottom on its side wall. The filter membrane 25 is placed on the annular mud-guiding platforms 231. The annular mud-guiding platforms 231 are distributed from top to bottom along the side wall of the dewatering disc 22 in a stepped structure. Their core function is to guide the flow of bottom mud and optimize the dewatering effect. After the bottom mud is added from the addition port 20, it flows down the annular mud-guiding platforms 231 step by step under the action of gravity, which prolongs the contact time between the bottom mud and the filter membrane 25 and avoids the bottom mud from accumulating quickly and causing insufficient dewatering. At the same time, the stepped structure can slow down the flow speed of the bottom mud, so that the filter membrane 25 can separate water more fully and improve the dewatering efficiency. The connecting pipe 24 is located at the center of the bottom end of each dewatering disc 22, and adjacent dewatering discs 22 are connected by several reinforcing support rods 29 distributed around the circumference of the connecting pipe 24. The connecting pipe 24 is located at the center of the bottom end of the dewatering disc 22, serving as a connecting channel between adjacent mud-guiding truncated cones 23, so that the water separated by each dewatering disc 22 can be collected and discharged to the drain outlet 230 of the bottom mud-guiding truncated cone 23; on the other hand, it plays a central positioning role, ensuring that multiple dewatering discs 22 are coaxially distributed, avoiding vibration caused by eccentricity during operation. The reinforcing support rods 29 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the connecting pipe 24, connecting adjacent dewatering discs 22 to form a stable frame structure, enhancing the overall rigidity of the bottom mud dewatering module 2. Each drying cylinder 32 has a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) anti-stick coating on its inner wall. A temperature sensor 36 and an air volume regulating valve 37 are installed on the connecting pipe between the hot air blower 34 and the air diffuser 33. The PTFE anti-stick coating can prevent the bottom sediment from adhering to the cylinder wall of the drying cylinder 32 after drying, reducing sample loss and facilitating cleaning. The temperature sensor 36 monitors the hot air temperature in real time, and the air volume regulating valve 37 can adjust the air volume according to the moisture content of the bottom sediment to achieve precise temperature control drying and avoid high temperature damage to the composition of the bottom sediment sample. The temperature sensor 36 and the air volume regulating valve 37 both adopt existing technologies. For example, the temperature sensor 36 can be an E52-CA1D1-M1G type temperature sensor, and the air volume regulating valve 37 can be a VX210AA100-00 type air volume regulating valve. The main frame 1 is equipped with a handrail 11 on its side wall, and the four corners of the bottom of the main frame 1 are equipped with casters 12 with brakes. The handrail 11 is ergonomically designed with a non-slip surface, making it easy for operators to push the device to move. The casters 12 at the bottom of the main frame 1 are equipped with brakes, which not only meet the flexible movement needs of different scenarios such as the field and laboratory, but also fix the device during operation to prevent slippage.

[0029] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: A temporary storage tank 210 is provided on the side wall of the dewatering cylinder 21. Inside the dewatering cylinder 21, and corresponding to the upper periphery of each dewatering disc 22, a washing disc 28 is connected to it via several connecting rods 27. The washing disc 28 is connected to the temporary storage tank 210 via connecting pipes, and a water pump is provided at the connection point. The drain outlet 230 is connected to the upper end of the temporary storage tank 210 via a return pipe 251, and a solenoid valve 252 is provided at the connection point. The water separated by the filter membrane 25 through the sludge guide frustum 23 is introduced into the temporary storage tank 210 through the drain outlet 230 and the return pipe 251. The solenoid valve 252 can automatically control the start and stop of the return flow according to the liquid level in the temporary storage tank 210 to prevent overflow. When the dehydration operation is completed or sediment adheres to the inner wall of the dehydration tray 22, the water pump is started to transport the recycled water in the temporary storage tank 210 to the cleaning tray 28. The cleaning tray 28 is fixed to the upper periphery of the dehydration tray 22 by the connecting crank 27. It can perform annular spray cleaning of the inner wall of the dehydration tray 22, the annular mud guide platform 231 and the filter membrane 25. The wastewater after rinsing is returned to the temporary storage tank 210 for treatment, which reduces water waste and avoids residual sediment from affecting the accuracy of subsequent sample processing. It is especially suitable for field scenarios without continuous water supply. The water pump and solenoid valve 252 adopt existing technologies. For example, the water pump can be a DAB EVO3-45 type water pump and the solenoid valve 252 can be a 2V025-08 type solenoid valve. like Figure 3 , 4As shown, a coagulation sedimentation tank 4 is located at the center of the temporary storage tank 210. A reagent addition port 40 is located at the top of the coagulation sedimentation tank 4. An agitator shaft 42, driven by a second rotary motor 41, is located at the center of the coagulation sedimentation tank 4. Several baffles 43 arranged in a grid pattern are located between the temporary storage tank 210 and the coagulation sedimentation tank 4. Each baffle 43 is equipped with a first filter screen 44. Second filter screens 211 are located on each side wall of the coagulation sedimentation tank 4. A drain valve 212 is located at the top of the side wall of the coagulation sedimentation tank 4, and a drain valve is located at the bottom of the coagulation sedimentation tank 4. Wastewater generated from rinsing by the washing plate 28 and water separated by the filter membrane 25 undergo preliminary interception and filtration through the first filter screens 44 on the baffles 43 to remove larger particles. Then, the water undergoes secondary filtration through the second filter screens 211 on each side wall of the coagulation sedimentation tank 4 before entering the interior of the coagulation sedimentation tank 4. At this point, a coagulant, such as a polymer, can be added through the reagent addition port 40. Aluminum chloride and flocculants such as polyacrylamide are stirred at high speed by the stirring shaft 42 driven by the second rotary motor 41, so that the agent and sewage are fully mixed, and fine impurities are coagulated to form larger flocs. The clear liquid can be discharged through the drain valve 212 and pumped to each cleaning plate 28 for recycling. When it is necessary to discharge the sediment produced by flocculation, it can be discharged through the drain valve. This meets the high standard requirements of water resource recycling for long-term field operations. The second rotary motor 41, stirring shaft 42, first filter screen 44, second filter screen 211, drain valve 212 and drain valve all adopt existing technologies. For example, the second rotary motor 41 can be an M42SP-402 type rotary motor, the stirring shaft 42 can be an HJ-12×200-P type stirring shaft, the first filter screen 44 and the second filter screen 211 can be existing stainless steel perforated mesh, the drain valve 212 is a miniature ball valve, and the drain valve is a plastic stop valve. The first filter screen 44 has a mesh size of 80, and the second filter screen 211 has a mesh size of 200. The bottom of the temporary storage box 210 is movably connected to the mounting cover 45. The drain valve 212 and the stirring shaft 42 are both located on the mounting cover 45. The first filter screen 44, with its smaller mesh size, can preferentially intercept flushing sewage and larger particles of bottom mud impurities in the separated water, preventing large particles of impurities from directly impacting the second filter screen 211 and causing mesh blockage. The second filter screen 211, with its larger mesh size, can further intercept fine impurities, improve the initial cleanliness of the water entering the coagulation sedimentation tank 4, reduce the amount of coagulant used, and improve sedimentation treatment efficiency. The mounting cover 45, which is movably connected to the bottom of the temporary storage box 210, provides a convenient inspection and maintenance channel for the drain valve 212, the stirring shaft 42, and the drain valve.

[0030] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that: like Figure 5 , 6As shown, each drying cylinder 32 has an annular notch 320 on its upper side wall. Vertical annular plates 321 are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the drying cylinder 32. Two vertical annular plates 321 are connected by a horizontal annular plate 322 that passes through the annular notch 320. Annular gears 323 are provided on the outer wall of the vertical annular plates 321 located outside the drying cylinder 32. The corresponding annular gears 323 on the outer sides of two adjacent drying cylinders 32 mesh with each other, and one of the annular gears 323 meshes with a rotating gear 324. The rotating gear 324 is connected through a first rotary motor 325, which drives the rotating gear 324, causing one of the annular gears 323 to rotate through meshing. The ring gears 323 of adjacent drying cylinders 32 mesh with each other, thereby realizing that all drying cylinders 32 rotate synchronously in opposite directions. When the drying cylinder 32 rotates, the bottom mud inside is evenly distributed along the cylinder wall under the action of centrifugal force, and at the same time, it is in full contact with the hot air blown out by the air diffuser 33, avoiding local accumulation of bottom mud that leads to uneven drying or clumping. Among them, the ring gear 323, the rotating gear 324 and the first rotating motor 325 all adopt existing technologies. For example, the ring gear 323 can be the internal gear of Taiyuan Heavy Machinery ZL50-80, the rotating gear 324 can be the external gear of Nanjing High Speed ​​Gear NGW112-5-1, and the first rotating motor 325 can be the M42SP-402 type rotating motor.

[0031] Example 4 This embodiment discloses a method for the segmented dehydration and drying combined treatment of sediment samples, based on a portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying combined treatment device of Embodiment 3, including the following steps: S1. The bottom mud to be treated is passed into the screening box (5) for screening to remove solid impurities such as dead branches and leaves, garbage, or large stones in the bottom mud. Then, the bottom mud is slowly fed into the bottom mud sample to be treated through the addition port 20 at the top of the dewatering cylinder 21. Under the action of gravity, the bottom mud flows down the stepped annular mud guide platform 231 on the side wall of the dewatering plate 22 step by step. During the process, it is in full contact with the filter membrane 25 on the annular mud guide platform 231. The water in the bottom mud permeates into the hollow structure of the mud guide platform 23 through the filter membrane 25. The water in each level of the mud guide platform 23 is collected to the bottom mud guide platform 23 through the connecting pipe 24 and introduced into the temporary storage box 210 through the drain port 230 and the return pipe 251. The solenoid valve 252 automatically adjusts the start and stop of the return according to the liquid level in the temporary storage box 210 to prevent overflow. S2. When the bottom mud is dewatered step by step through each dewatering disc 22, it falls into the next dewatering disc 22 through the first discharge port 220 at the bottom, and finally falls into the bottom dewatering disc 22. It then falls into the corresponding drying cylinder 32 through the corresponding first discharge port 220 and through port 10 on the bottom dewatering disc 22, thus completing the segmented dewatering process. S3. Start the first rotary motor 325, which drives the rotating gear 324 to rotate. Through meshing, the gear 323 on the outside of one of the drying cylinders 32 rotates. Since the gears 323 of adjacent drying cylinders 32 mesh with each other, all drying cylinders 32 rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The bottom mud in the drying cylinder 32 is evenly distributed along the inner wall under the action of centrifugal force. The polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick coating on the inner wall prevents the bottom mud from adhering. At the same time, start the hot air blower 34. The hot air is evenly diffused to the surrounding area of ​​each drying cylinder 32 through the porous structure air diffuser 33, and fully contacts and heats the rotating bottom mud. The temperature sensor 36 monitors the hot air temperature in real time. The air volume regulating valve 37 is dynamically adjusted according to the moisture content of the bottom mud to control the hot air temperature to be maintained at 50-60℃, and the drying continues until the bottom mud is dry. S4. After drying is completed, first turn off the hot air blower 34. After the drying cylinder 32 cools down to room temperature, turn off the first rotary motor 325. Collect the dried bottom mud sample through the second discharge port 35 at the bottom of the mounting base plate 30 and put it into a special sample container for sealed storage. S5. When no obvious bottom sludge is discharged from the first discharge port 220, close the solenoid valve 252 and start the water pump to transport the clean water treated by coagulation and sedimentation in the temporary storage tank 210 to the washing plate 28. The washing plate 28 is fixed to the upper periphery of the dewatering plate 22 by the connecting crank 27. The inner wall of the dewatering plate 22, the annular mud guide platform 231 and the filter membrane 25 are cleaned by annular spraying to remove the attached residual bottom sludge. The wastewater generated by rinsing carries impurities back to the temporary storage tank 210 and is initially filtered by the baffle plate 43 between the temporary storage tank 210 and the coagulation and sedimentation tank 44. The first step involves interception to remove larger particles of impurities. The water then undergoes secondary filtration through the second filter screen 211 on the side wall of the coagulation sedimentation tank 4 before entering the tank and mixing with the chemicals. Fine impurities agglomerate to form flocs and settle. The clarified water is then discharged through the drain valve 212 and reused in the cleaning pan 28, achieving water resource reuse. When the sediment in the temporary storage tank 210 accumulates to a certain amount, the drain valve 212 is closed, and the drain valve is opened to discharge the sediment, completing the water circulation process. When cleaning each drying cylinder 32 is required, the mounting base plate 30 can be removed.

Claims

1. A portable device for segmented dehydration and drying of sediment samples, characterized in that, It includes a main mounting frame (1) with a through opening (10) at the top, a bottom sediment dewatering module (2) located at the top of the main mounting frame (1), and a bottom sediment drying module (3) located at the bottom of the main mounting frame (1). The bottom sediment dewatering module (2) includes a dewatering cylinder (21) with its bottom end located outside the through-hole (10) and its top end provided with an addition port (20); several dewatering discs (22) of gradually increasing size distributed from top to bottom and coaxially distributed inside the dewatering cylinder (21); a mud-guiding truncated cone (23) with a hollow structure inside each dewatering disc (22); a connecting pipe (24) for connecting two adjacent mud-guiding truncated cones (23); and a filter membrane (25) provided on the side wall of each mud-guiding truncated cone (23). The top end of the dewatering disc (22) is an open structure, and several first discharge ports (220) are provided circumferentially at the bottom end of each dewatering disc (22). A drain port (230) is provided on the mud-guiding truncated cone (23) at the bottom end. A screening box (5) for screening solid impurities in the bottom sediment sample is connected to the addition port (20). The bottom mud drying module (3) includes an outer mounting cylinder (31) with its upper end located around the through opening (10) and its lower end fastened to a mounting base plate (30), several drying cylinders (32) located on the mounting base plate (30) and corresponding one-to-one with each of the first discharge ports (220) located at the bottommost end, an air diffuser (33) located at the center of the mounting base plate (30) and having a porous structure on the outside, a hot air blower (34) connected to the air diffuser (33), and a second discharge port (35) located at the bottom of the mounting base plate (30) and at the bottom of each drying cylinder (32).

2. The portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying co-processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dehydration cylinder (21) has a temporary storage box (210) on its side wall. Inside the dehydration cylinder (21) and corresponding to the upper periphery of each dehydration tray (22), there are several connecting rods (27) that connect to the washing tray (28). The washing tray (28) is connected to the temporary storage box (210) through a connecting pipe and a water pump is provided at the connection. The drain outlet (230) is connected to the upper end of the temporary storage box (210) through a return pipe (251) and a solenoid valve (252) is provided at the connection.

3. The portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying co-processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temporary storage tank (210) is equipped with a coagulation sedimentation tank (4) at its center. The coagulation sedimentation tank (4) is equipped with a reagent addition port (40) at its upper end. The coagulation sedimentation tank (4) is equipped with a stirring shaft (42) driven by a second rotary motor (41) at its center. Several baffles (43) are arranged in a grid pattern between the temporary storage tank (210) and the coagulation sedimentation tank (4). Each baffle (43) is equipped with a first filter screen (44). Each side wall of the coagulation sedimentation tank (4) is equipped with a second filter screen (211). The upper end of the side wall of the coagulation sedimentation tank (4) is equipped with a drain valve (212). The bottom end of the coagulation sedimentation tank (4) is equipped with a sewage valve.

4. The portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying co-processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mesh count of the first filter screen (44) is smaller than that of the second filter screen (211). The bottom of the temporary storage box (210) is movably fastened with a mounting base (45). The drain valve (212) and the stirring shaft (42) are both located on the mounting base (45).

5. The portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying co-processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the dewatering discs (22) has several annular mud guide platforms (231) on its sidewall from top to bottom, and the filter membrane (25) is disposed on the annular mud guide platforms (231).

6. The portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying co-processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting pipe (24) is located at the center of the bottom end of each of the dehydration trays (22), and two adjacent dehydration trays (22) are connected by several reinforcing support rods (29) distributed around the circumference of the connecting pipe (24).

7. The portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying co-processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the drying cylinders (32) has an annular notch (320) on its upper side wall. The inner and outer sides of the drying cylinder (32) are respectively provided with vertical annular plates (321). The two vertical annular plates (321) are connected by a horizontal annular plate (322) that passes through the annular notch (320). The outer wall of the vertical annular plate (321) located outside the drying cylinder (32) is provided with an annular gear (323). The corresponding annular gears (323) on the outside of two adjacent drying cylinders (32) mesh with each other, and one of the annular gears (323) meshes with a rotating gear (324). The rotating gear (324) is connected through a first rotating motor (325).

8. The portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying co-processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of each of the drying cylinders (32) is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick coating, and the connecting pipe between the hot air blower (34) and the air diffuser (33) is provided with a temperature sensor (36) and an air volume regulating valve (37).

9. The portable sediment sample segmented dehydration and drying co-processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting frame (1) has a handrail (11) on its side wall, and the four corners of the bottom of the mounting frame (1) are equipped with universal wheels (12) with braking function.

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