Multi-working-condition geological disaster testing device and working method

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-working-condition geological disaster test device and a working method. The multi-working-condition geological disaster test device comprises a high and low temperature test platform, and a geological disaster model device, a dynamic loading device and a rainfall device which are arranged in the high and low temperature test platform, the dynamic loading device is arranged at the bottom of the high and low temperature test platform, the geological disaster model device is arranged on the dynamic loading device, and the rainfall device is arranged at the top of the high and low temperature test platform; the dynamic loading device comprises an adjustable vibration device and an angle control device; the adjustable vibration device is arranged below the loading base, an angle control device is arranged above the loading base, one end of the angle control device is hinged to the loading base, the other end of the angle control device abuts against one end of the bottom of the geological disaster model device, and a supporting seat is further arranged above the loading base. The problems that an existing geological disaster test device is single in function, and simulation conditions cannot meet test requirements of various factors are solved.

Description

A multi-condition geological disaster testing device and its working method Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of experimental device technology, specifically relating to a multi-condition geological disaster experimental device and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Landslides, collapses, and debris flows are common types of geological hazards that pose a serious threat to people's lives and property, as well as infrastructure construction. Landslides generally refer to the phenomenon where soil or rock layers on a hillside slide down a slope, either as a whole or in scattered pieces, due to factors such as river erosion, rainfall, earthquakes, or artificial slope cutting. Collapses mostly occur on steep slopes, where the soil and rock mass separates from the parent material under the influence of factors such as fissure development, earthquakes, rainfall, freeze-thaw weathering, or artificial excavation, and collapses rapidly in the form of toppling or falling. Debris flows are special torrents that form on valleys or hillsides under the action of water flow formed by precipitation, dam breaks, or snowmelt, carrying large amounts of solid materials such as mud, sand, and rocks.

[0004] To gain a deeper understanding of the formation mechanisms and evolution patterns of these geological hazards, experimental simulation has become a crucial research method. However, currently available geological hazard testing devices have significant functional limitations: most devices are designed with a single function, capable of simulating only one specific type of hazard, or limited to a single test scenario, making it difficult to achieve integrated simulation of multiple hazards such as landslides, collapses, and debris flows. Furthermore, existing devices generally lack the ability to comprehensively control multi-dimensional influencing factors such as temperature changes and external dynamic disturbances, resulting in insufficient matching between test conditions and the real geological environment. This limits the systematic and comprehensive nature of the test data, thereby affecting a deeper understanding of the formation mechanisms and evolution processes of complex geological hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a multi-condition geological disaster testing device and its working method, which solves the problem that existing geological disaster testing devices have limited functionality and the simulation conditions cannot meet the testing requirements of multiple factors.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Firstly, the present invention provides a multi-condition geological disaster testing device, comprising: a high and low temperature testing platform, and a geological disaster model device, a dynamic loading device, and a rainfall device disposed within the high and low temperature testing platform; the dynamic loading device is disposed at the bottom of the high and low temperature testing platform, the geological disaster model device is disposed on the dynamic loading device, and the rainfall device is disposed at the top of the high and low temperature testing platform; the dynamic loading device includes an adjustable vibration device and an angle control device; the adjustable vibration device is disposed below the loading base, and the angle control device is disposed above the loading base, one end of the angle control device being hinged to the loading base, and the other end abutting against one bottom end of the geological disaster model device; a support base is also disposed above the loading base for supporting the other bottom end of the geological disaster model device.

[0007] As a further implementation, both the adjustable vibration device and the angle control device are connected to a hydraulic control system, which is then connected to a computer terminal signal.

[0008] As a further implementation, the geological disaster model device is a landslide model box, which includes a landslide model frame. An angle adjustment device is provided in the landslide model frame. The cross-section of the angle adjustment device is triangular. The bottom of the angle adjustment device is fixedly connected to the bottom of the landslide model frame. A landslide base plate is hinged to the top of the angle adjustment device. There are multiple landslide base plates connected by hinges. A support telescopic rod is provided at the hinge of the landslide base plate. The bottom of the support telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the landslide model frame, and the top of the support telescopic rod abuts against the landslide base plate.

[0009] As a further implementation, the geological disaster model device may be a debris flow model box, which includes a debris flow model frame, a flow channel in the debris flow model frame, a storage bin at one end of the upper part of the debris flow model frame, a conical discharge cylinder at the lower part of the storage bin, and a stacking panel at the end of the debris flow model frame away from the storage bin.

[0010] As a further implementation, the geological disaster model device may be a collapse model device, which includes a collapse device base plate, multiple slope support devices, and multiple rotating panels that are snapped onto the top of the slope support devices. The rotating panels are connected by hinges, and the hinges are connected to the slope support devices.

[0011] As a further implementation, a drive handle is fixedly provided at the end of the rotating panel at the top.

[0012] As a further implementation, the high and low temperature test platform consists of a support device, a temperature control device, a platform base, and a constant temperature wall; the constant temperature wall is set on the side wall of the support device, the temperature control device is installed on the constant temperature wall, the platform base is set at the bottom of the support device, the support device adopts a high-strength frame structure, and the guide rail is used for the movement of the dynamic loading device.

[0013] As a further implementation, a tire storage trolley is also included, wherein the temperature control device integrates refrigeration, heating, circulation and control modules.

[0014] As a further implementation, the rainfall device consists of a spray device and a spray control system. The spray device is located on top of the support device and is responsible for directly bringing down the rain, while the rainfall control system is responsible for controlling the rainfall intensity and time.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also provides a working method for a multi-condition geological disaster test device, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Selecting a corresponding geological disaster model device according to the type of disaster to be simulated; Step 2: If a landslide model box is selected, it is necessary to verify whether the degree of freedom of the angle adjustment device can meet the requirements; if a collapse model device is selected, it is necessary to confirm the rotational flexibility of the rotating panel and the fixed reliability of the slope support device; if a debris flow model box is selected, it is necessary to check the sealing performance of the storage bin and the unobstructed flow channel; Step 3: Installing the dynamic loading device on the bottom guide rail of the support device of the high and low temperature test platform through the loading base, so that the angle control device is in contact with the geological disaster model device; Step 4: Filling the geological disaster model device with the corresponding test medium, and establishing signal connections between the temperature control device's regulating cooling and heating system, temperature monitoring system, rainfall device, and the hydraulic control system of the dynamic loading device and the computer control platform, confirming that the communication of each system is normal; according to the preset parameters of the test plan, the temperature control device sets the target temperature, and the rainfall control system sets the rainfall intensity and duration. Step 5: Activate the temperature control device of the high and low temperature test platform. If simulating a low-temperature snow melting scenario, activate the cooling system; if simulating an extreme high-temperature scenario, activate the heating system. Simultaneously, activate the air circulation system to ensure uniform temperature distribution inside the constant-temperature wall. The temperature monitoring system's sensors collect temperature data in real time and feed it back to the computer platform until the temperature stabilizes at the preset value. If simulating a rain-induced disaster scenario, activate the sprinkler system. The sprinkler control system adjusts the flow meter and regulating valve to control the sprinkler system to spray water of corresponding intensity, ensuring that the water flow covers the entire area of ​​the model box. Simultaneously, record the start time of rainfall and real-time flow data. Step 6: Send a command through the computer control platform to activate the dynamic loading device. The adjustable vibration device applies external force to the model box according to the preset value. The force sensor collects loading data in real time and feeds it back to the platform to ensure loading accuracy. At the same time, the angle control device drives the model box to adjust the tilt angle to simulate different slope gradients until the preset slope is reached and then stabilized.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: An adjustable vibration device is installed below the loading base, and an angle control device is installed above the loading base. One end of the angle control device is hinged to the loading base, and the other end abuts against one end of the bottom of the geological hazard model device. A support base is also installed above the loading base to support the other end of the bottom of the geological hazard model device, enabling different tilt angle adjustments of the model box to simulate different slope conditions. By changing different model boxes in the geological hazard model device, simulations of three types of disasters—landslides, collapses, and debris flows—are achieved. This solves the problem of the limited functionality of existing geological hazard test devices. Each model box has unique characteristics: a multi-angle bottom plate for landslides, an adjustable slope surface for collapses, and a material storage and flow structure for debris flows, making the simulation closer to reality. High and low temperature test platforms are used to achieve test conditions under different temperature environments. The application of external force and the angle adjustment function of the dynamic loading device simulate influencing factors such as earthquakes and slope changes. It can also comprehensively simulate the development characteristics of geological hazards under multiple conditions such as rainfall, snowmelt, earthquakes, and slope changes, providing comprehensive and accurate experimental data support for the study of geological hazard mechanisms, significantly improving experimental efficiency and data reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the landslide model box of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the debris flow model box of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the collapse model device of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. High and low temperature test platform; 2. Geological disaster model device; 3. Dynamic loading device; 4. Rainfall device; 11. Support device; 12. Temperature control device; 13. Platform base; 14. Constant temperature wall; 211. Angle adjustment device; 212. Landslide base plate; 213. Landslide model frame; 214. Support telescopic rod; 221. Storage silo; 222. Flow channel; 223. Debris flow model frame; 224. Stacking panel; 231. Rotating panel; 232. Slope support device; 233. Collapse device base plate; 31. Adjustable vibration device; 32. Angle control device. Detailed Implementation

[0023] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0024] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. Example 1: This embodiment provides a multi-condition geological disaster testing device, as shown in Figures 1-4, including: a high and low temperature testing platform 1, and a geological disaster model device 2, a dynamic loading device 3, and a rainfall device 4 disposed in the high and low temperature testing platform 1; the dynamic loading device 3 is disposed at the bottom of the high and low temperature testing platform 1, and the geological disaster model... The model device 2 is mounted on the dynamic loading device 3, and the rainfall device 4 is mounted on the top of the high and low temperature test platform 1. The dynamic loading device 3 includes an adjustable vibration device 31 and an angle control device 32. The adjustable vibration device 31 is mounted below the loading base, and the angle control device 32 is mounted above the loading base. One end of the angle control device 32 is hinged to the loading base, and the other end abuts against one end of the bottom of the geological disaster model device 2. A support base is also mounted above the loading base to support the other end of the bottom of the geological disaster model device 2, so as to realize the adjustment of different tilt angles of the model box and simulate different slope conditions. By replacing different model boxes in the geological hazard model device 2, simulations of three types of hazards—landslides, collapses, and debris flows—are achieved. Each model box has unique features, including a multi-angled base for landslides, an adjustable slope for collapses, and a material storage and flow structure for debris flows, making the simulations more realistic. The high and low temperature test platform 1 enables test conditions under different temperature environments. Through the application of external forces and the angle adjustment function of the dynamic loading device 3, influencing factors such as earthquakes and slope changes are simulated. It can also comprehensively simulate the development characteristics of geological hazards under multiple conditions such as rainfall, snowmelt, earthquakes, and slope changes, providing comprehensive and accurate experimental data support for the study of geological hazard mechanisms, and significantly improving experimental efficiency and data reliability.

[0025] As a further implementation, both the adjustable vibration device 31 and the angle control device 32 are connected to the hydraulic control system, which is connected to a computer terminal signal to achieve precise control of the loading force and angle.

[0026] As a further implementation, the geological disaster model device 2 is a landslide model box, which includes a landslide model frame 213. An angle adjustment device 211 is provided in the landslide model frame 213. The cross-section of the angle adjustment device 211 is triangular. The bottom of the angle adjustment device 211 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the landslide model frame 213. A landslide base plate 212 is hinged to the top of the angle adjustment device 211. There are multiple landslide base plates 212, which are connected by hinges. A support telescopic rod is provided at the hinge of the landslide base plate 212. The bottom of the support telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the landslide model frame 213, and the top of the support telescopic rod abuts against the landslide base plate 212. The slope is adjusted by adjusting the support telescopic rod.

[0027] As a further implementation, the geological disaster model device 2 may be a debris flow model box, which includes a debris flow model frame 223. A flow channel 222 is provided in the debris flow model frame 223. A storage bin 221 is provided at one end of the upper part of the debris flow model frame 223. A conical discharge cylinder is provided at the lower part of the storage bin 221. An accumulation panel 224 is provided at the end of the debris flow model frame 223 away from the end where the storage bin 221 is located.

[0028] As a further implementation, the geological disaster model device 2 may be a collapse model device, wherein a collapse device base plate 233 is provided in the collapse device base plate 233, and multiple slope support devices 232 are provided on the collapse device base plate 233. Multiple rotating panels 231 are snapped onto the top of the slope support devices 232, and the rotating panels 231 are connected to each other by hinges, and the hinges are connected to the slope support devices 232.

[0029] As a further implementation, a drive handle is fixedly provided at the end of the top rotating panel 231.

[0030] As a further implementation, the high and low temperature test platform 1 is composed of a support device 11, a temperature control device 12, a platform base 13, and a constant temperature wall 14; the constant temperature wall 14 is set on the side wall of the support device 11, the temperature control device 12 is installed on the constant temperature wall 14, the platform base 13 is set at the bottom of the support device 11, the support device 11 adopts a high-strength frame structure, and the guide rail is used for the movement of the dynamic loading device 3.

[0031] As a further implementation, a tire storage trolley is also included, wherein the temperature control device 12 integrates refrigeration, heating, circulation and control modules, and maintains a stable temperature inside the box through a constant temperature wall 14.

[0032] As a further implementation, the rainfall device 4 consists of a spray device and a spray control system. The spray device is located on top of the support device 11 and is responsible for directly bringing down the rain, while the rainfall control system is responsible for controlling the rainfall intensity and time.

[0033] Example 2 This example provides a working method for a multi-condition geological disaster test device, including the following steps: Step 1: Select the corresponding geological disaster model device 2 according to the type of disaster to be simulated; Step 2: If a landslide model box is selected, it is necessary to verify whether the degree of freedom of the angle adjustment device 211 can meet the requirements; if a collapse model device is selected, it is necessary to confirm the rotation flexibility of the rotating panel 231 and the fixation reliability of the slope support device 232; if a debris flow model box is selected, it is necessary to check the sealing performance of the storage bin 221 and the unobstructed flow channel 222; Step 3: Install the dynamic loading device 3 on the bottom guide rail of the support device 11 of the high and low temperature test platform 1 through the loading base, so that the angle control device 32 abuts and connects with the geological disaster model device 2; Step 4: Fill the geological disaster model device 2 with the corresponding test medium, and establish signal connections between the temperature control device 12's regulating cooling and heating system, temperature monitoring system, rainfall device 4, and the hydraulic control system of the dynamic loading device 3 and the computer control platform, and confirm that the communication of each system is normal; according to the preset parameters of the test plan, the temperature control device 12 sets the target temperature, the rainfall control system, and the target temperature; The system sets the rainfall intensity and duration, the hydraulic control system sets the loading force, and the angle control device 32 sets the tilt angle of the model box. If precise angle adjustment is required, the following steps are taken: Step 5: Start the temperature control device 12 of the high and low temperature test platform 1. If simulating a low-temperature snow melting scenario, turn on the cooling system; if simulating an extreme high-temperature scenario, turn on the heating system. At the same time, start the air circulation system to ensure uniform temperature distribution inside the constant temperature wall 14. The temperature monitoring system's sensors collect temperature data in real time and feed it back to the computer platform until the temperature stabilizes at the preset value. If it is necessary to simulate a rainfall-induced disaster scenario, start the sprinkler device. The sprinkler control system adjusts the flow meter and regulating valve to control the sprinkler device to spray water of the corresponding intensity, ensuring that the water flow covers the entire area of ​​the model box. At the same time, the rainfall start time and real-time flow data are recorded. Step 6: Send a command through the computer control platform to start the dynamic loading device 3. The adjustable vibration device 31 applies external force to the model box according to the preset value. The force sensor collects loading data in real time and feeds it back to the platform to ensure loading accuracy. At the same time, the angle control device 32 drives the model box to adjust the tilt angle to simulate different slope gradients until the preset slope is reached and then stabilized.

[0034] Through the coordinated operation of the high and low temperature test platform 1, the geological disaster model device 2, the dynamic loading device 3, and the rainfall device 4, combined with the integrated control of the computer control platform, the simulation of geological disasters involving multiple factors such as temperature, rainfall, external force, and slope was realized, solving the problems of limited functionality and insufficient scenario coverage of existing equipment. At the same time, through real-time data acquisition and anomaly early warning, accurate and comprehensive experimental data support was provided for the study of geological disaster mechanisms, significantly improving experimental efficiency and data reliability.

[0035] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-condition geological disaster testing device, characterized in that, include: A high and low temperature test platform, and a geological hazard model device, a dynamic loading device, and a rainfall device installed in the high and low temperature test platform; The dynamic loading device is located at the bottom of the high and low temperature test platform, the geological hazard model device is located on the dynamic loading device, and the rainfall device is located at the top of the high and low temperature test platform. The dynamic loading device includes an adjustable vibration device and an angle control device. The adjustable vibration device is located below the loading base, and the angle control device is located above the loading base. One end of the angle control device is hinged to the loading base, and the other end abuts against one bottom end of the geological hazard model device. A support base is also located above the loading base to support the other bottom end of the geological hazard model device.

2. The multi-condition geological disaster testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the adjustable vibration device and the angle control device are connected to the hydraulic control system, which is connected to a computer terminal signal.

3. The multi-condition geological disaster testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The geological hazard model device is a landslide model box, which includes a landslide model frame. An angle adjustment device is installed in the landslide model frame. The cross-section of the angle adjustment device is triangular. The bottom of the angle adjustment device is fixedly connected to the bottom of the landslide model frame. A landslide base plate is hinged to the top of the angle adjustment device. There are multiple landslide base plates connected by hinges. A support telescopic rod is installed at the hinge of the landslide base plate. The bottom of the support telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the landslide model frame, and the top of the support telescopic rod abuts against the landslide base plate.

4. The multi-condition geological disaster testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Alternatively, the geological disaster model device is a debris flow model box, which includes a debris flow model frame, a flow channel in the debris flow model frame, a storage bin at one end of the upper part of the debris flow model frame, a conical discharge cylinder at the lower part of the storage bin, and a stacking panel at the end of the debris flow model frame away from the storage bin.

5. The multi-condition geological disaster testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Alternatively, the geological hazard model device is a collapse model device, which includes a collapse device base plate, multiple slope support devices on the collapse device base plate, and multiple rotating panels snapped onto the top of the slope support devices. The rotating panels are connected by hinges, and the hinges are connected to the slope support devices.

6. The multi-condition geological disaster testing device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A drive handle is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating panel at the top.

7. The multi-condition geological disaster testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high and low temperature test platform consists of a support device, a temperature control device, a platform base, and a constant temperature wall. The constant temperature wall is set on the side wall of the support device, the temperature control device is installed on the constant temperature wall, the platform base is set at the bottom of the support device, the support device adopts a high-strength frame structure, and the guide rail is used for the movement of the dynamic loading device.

8. The multi-condition geological disaster testing device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a tire storage cart, and the temperature control device integrates refrigeration, heating, circulation and control modules.

9. The multi-condition geological disaster testing device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The rainfall device consists of a spray device and a spray control system. The spray device is located on the top of the support device and is responsible for directly bringing down the rain, while the rainfall control system is responsible for controlling the rainfall intensity and time.

10. The working method of a multi-condition geological disaster testing device as described in any one of claims 2-9, characterized in that, The steps include: Step 1: Select the corresponding geological hazard model device according to the type of hazard to be simulated; Step 2: If a landslide model box is selected, it is necessary to verify whether the degree of freedom of the angle adjustment device can meet the requirements; if a collapse model device is selected, it is necessary to confirm the rotation flexibility of the rotating panel and the fixed reliability of the slope support device. If a debris flow model box is selected, the sealing performance of the storage silo and the unobstructed flow channel need to be checked; Step 3: Install the dynamic loading device on the bottom guide rail of the support device of the high and low temperature test platform through the loading base, so that the angle control device is in contact with the geological disaster model device; Step 4: Fill the geological disaster model device with the corresponding test medium, and according to the preset parameters of the test plan, set the target temperature for the temperature control device, set the rainfall intensity and duration for the rainfall control system, set the loading force for the hydraulic control system, and set the tilt angle of the model box for the angle control device. If precise angle adjustment is required; Step 5: Start the high and low temperature test platform temperature control device. The temperature control device ensures a uniform temperature distribution inside the constant-temperature wall; real-time temperature data from the temperature control device is fed back to the computer platform; if it is necessary to simulate a disaster scenario induced by rainfall, the sprinkler system is activated, and the sprinkler control system adjusts the flow meter and regulating valve to control the sprinkler system to spray water of corresponding intensity, recording the rainfall start time and real-time flow data; Step 6: Sending instructions through the computer control platform to activate the dynamic loading device, the adjustable vibration device applies external force to the model box according to the preset, and collects loading data in real time; at the same time, the angle control device drives the model box to adjust the tilt angle to simulate different slopes until the preset slope is reached and then remains stable.

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