Energy-saving transformer with filtering and exhausting functions

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of transformers, particularly relates to an energy-saving transformer with filtering and exhausting functions, and provides the following scheme that the energy-saving transformer comprises a transformer box shell, an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline are arranged on the two sides of the transformer box shell correspondingly, and filter screens are installed at the opening ends, away from the transformer box shell, of the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline correspondingly; fan assemblies are installed in the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline, the main control unit receives data of all the sensors, conducts comprehensive analysis and outputs control instructions to the fan assemblies to achieve rotation speed adjustment, and anti-blocking mechanisms are arranged between the fan assemblies and the filter screen and can impact the filter screen along with rotation speed changes of the fan assemblies. The rotating speed of the fan is intelligently adjusted through the monitoring unit and the main control unit, on-demand heat dissipation is achieved, energy waste caused by continuous high-speed running of a traditional fan is avoided, the energy-saving purpose is achieved, and the filter screen can be automatically cleaned through the wind power change of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer technology, and in particular to an energy-saving transformer with a filtration and exhaust function. Background Technology

[0002] A transformer is a device that uses electromagnetic induction to transform voltage, current, and impedance. Overheating of the internal temperature of a transformer during long-term operation can cause the temperature of the coil and core to rise. If the temperature exceeds the allowable value for a long period of time, the insulation will gradually lose its mechanical elasticity and age.

[0003] In air-cooled transformers, the internal temperature of the transformer tank is reduced by air flow on both sides. However, during long-term operation, the air inlet and outlet filters may become clogged, affecting air flow. In this case, the high-speed rotation of the fan is required to achieve cooling, resulting in excessive and unnecessary energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the technical problems in the background art, the present invention proposes an energy-saving transformer with a filtration and exhaust function.

[0005] This invention proposes an energy-saving transformer with a filtering and exhaust function, comprising a transformer housing, with heat dissipation fins installed at both ends of the transformer housing, and air inlet and outlet pipes respectively provided on both sides of the transformer housing. Filter screens are installed at the open ends of the air inlet and outlet pipes away from the transformer housing, and fan assemblies are installed inside the air inlet and outlet pipes. The invention also includes a monitoring unit and a main control unit. The main control unit receives all sensor data, performs comprehensive analysis, and outputs control commands to the fan assembly to achieve speed adjustment. An anti-clogging mechanism is provided between the fan assembly and the filter screen, which can impact the filter screen as the speed of the fan assembly changes.

[0006] Preferably, heat dissipation fin groups two are installed on both sides of the transformer housing, the sealing mechanism is provided with multiple horizontally extending rotating shafts, multiple flow guides are fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft one, and the two ends of the rotating shaft one are rotatably connected to the shaft seat through torsion springs, and the shaft seat is fixedly installed.

[0007] Preferably, the air inlet duct is located below the second heat dissipation fin group, and the air outlet duct is located above the second heat dissipation fin group.

[0008] Preferably, the guide component is provided with a mounting cylinder fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A blade is fixed in the middle of the side of the mounting cylinder facing the fan assembly, and two blades are fixed in the side of the mounting cylinder facing the filter screen. The two blades are configured as a V-shaped structure opening towards the filter screen.

[0009] Preferably, the monitoring unit specifically includes a temperature monitoring unit, a dust concentration monitoring unit, a torque sensing unit, and a wind speed detection unit; the temperature monitoring unit is used to monitor the real-time temperature of multiple areas inside the transformer tank, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the air inlet and outlet ducts, and the surface temperature of the second heat dissipation fin assembly; the dust concentration monitoring unit is arranged inside the air inlet and outlet ducts to monitor the dust concentration in the airflow in real time; the torque sensing unit is installed between the shaft and the bearing seat of the anti-blocking mechanism to detect changes in the torque of the shaft; and the wind speed detection unit is respectively located near the fan assemblies of the air inlet and outlet ducts to monitor the actual wind speed.

[0010] Preferably, the specific control steps for the fan assembly are as follows:

[0011] Step 1: Data Acquisition and Preprocessing. The system collects various sensor data in real time, including temperature data, dust concentration data, torque data, wind speed data, and environmental data, and performs data filtering and outlier processing.

[0012] Step 2: Status Assessment and Index Calculation. Based on the collected data, the system calculates the Heat Dissipation Demand Index (HRI) and the Filter Blockage Risk Index (FRI). These two indices comprehensively reflect the current heat dissipation demand of the transformer and the degree of filter blockage risk.

[0013] Step 3: Control Decision and Execution. Based on the calculated HRI and FRI values, the system conducts a comprehensive analysis and formulates corresponding control strategies. The control strategies include independent and precise control of the fan component speeds in the air inlet and outlet ducts, as well as intelligent triggering of the dust removal mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, in step two, the specific formula for calculating the heat dissipation demand index (HRI) is as follows: ,in, Let be the weighting coefficient, satisfying ; This represents the average temperature inside the transformer enclosure. , These are the temperatures in three zones inside the transformer housing; Ambient temperature; As the reference temperature, , For calibration coefficients; This refers to the maximum allowable temperature of the transformer. The outlet temperature of the air duct. The inlet temperature of the air intake duct; This represents the normal temperature difference between the incoming and outgoing air. The average surface temperature of the two heat dissipation fin groups; This represents the normal temperature difference of the heat dissipation fins.

[0015] Preferably, in step two, the specific formula for calculating the filter clogging risk index (FRI) is as follows: ,in Let be the weighting coefficient, satisfying ; This refers to the dust concentration in the air intake duct. Maximum permissible dust concentration; This represents the variation in shaft torque. The frequency of torque variation on the shaft; This is the threshold for torque variation; This refers to the intake air velocity. This refers to the airflow speed at the outlet. Rated wind speed; This is the dust removal efficiency coefficient. ; This represents the actual wind speed increase. , The wind speed before dust removal. The wind speed after dust removal; The desired increase in wind speed. , For the average torque value, the function It is a mathematical model based on historical operating data and real-time monitoring parameters, used to predict the theoretical wind speed increase that should be achieved after performing a dust removal operation under specific operating conditions.

[0016] Preferably, in step three, the comprehensive control index (CCI) is calculated using a weighted average method based on the calculated HRI and FRI values. w1 and w2 are weighting coefficients that satisfy w1 + w2 = 1. The specific values ​​can be adjusted according to the operational requirements.

[0017] Fan speed control for the air intake duct: When FRI < 0.3 and CCI < 0.4, the intake fan operates at the lowest speed; when 0.3 ≤ FRI < 0.6 and 0.4 ≤ CCI < 0.7, the intake fan operates at a medium speed to balance ventilation and dust prevention; when FRI ≥ 0.6 or CCI ≥ 0.7, the intake fan appropriately reduces its speed and triggers a dedicated dust removal mechanism; when the dedicated dust removal mechanism is activated, the intake fan operates in a "high-speed-low-speed" alternating mode.

[0018] Exhaust duct fan speed control strategy: When HRI<0.3 and CCI<0.4, the exhaust fan operates at the lowest speed; when 0.3≤HRI<0.6 and 0.4≤CCI<0.7, the exhaust fan operates at a medium speed to ensure basic heat dissipation; when HRI≥0.6 or CCI≥0.7, the exhaust fan speed is increased; when HRI≥0.8, the exhaust fan operates at the highest speed to ensure that the transformer does not overheat.

[0019] Preferably, an alarm unit is also provided, which includes an audible and visual alarm and a remote communication module; when the temperature in any area inside the transformer tank exceeds the safety threshold, or the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet air is continuously abnormal, a temperature abnormality alarm is triggered; when the filter clogging risk index is continuously higher than 0.8, or the special dust cleaning mechanism is repeatedly activated but still ineffective, a filter clogging alarm is triggered; when the dust concentration in the inlet or outlet air duct continuously exceeds the safety limit, a dust concentration exceeding the standard alarm is triggered.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. In this invention, the fan speed is intelligently adjusted by the monitoring unit and the main control unit, realizing on-demand heat dissipation, avoiding the energy waste of traditional fans running at high speed continuously, and achieving the purpose of energy saving. An anti-clogging mechanism is set up, which can automatically clean the filter by the system's own wind force changes, preventing the filter from clogging and causing poor ventilation and reduced heat dissipation efficiency, thus ensuring long-term heat dissipation and energy saving effects.

[0022] 2. In this invention, a comprehensive operational status perception system is constructed by deploying a multi-dimensional sensor network for temperature, dust, torque, wind speed, etc., and a quantitative model for heat dissipation demand index and filter clogging risk index is innovatively proposed to achieve independent and precise control of the intake and exhaust fans. This differentiated control strategy enables the system to intelligently adjust the amount of dust intake while ensuring heat dissipation effect, and minimize energy consumption while ensuring equipment safety. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an energy-saving transformer with exhaust filtration function proposed in this invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet and outlet ducts of an energy-saving transformer with filtration and exhaust function proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air inlet duct of an energy-saving transformer with a filtration and exhaust function proposed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-clogging mechanism structure of an energy-saving transformer with filtration and exhaust function proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a control flowchart for an energy-saving transformer with a filtration and exhaust function proposed in this invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1 Transformer housing, 2 Heat dissipation fin group one, 3 Heat dissipation fin group two, 4 Air inlet duct, 5 Air outlet duct, 6 Filter screen, 7 Fan assembly, 8 Anti-clogging mechanism, 81 Rotating shaft, 82 Air guide, 821 Blade one, 822 Blade two, 83 Shaft seat. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-5 An energy-saving transformer with filtration and exhaust function includes a transformer housing 1, with corresponding components installed inside the housing 1. Heat dissipation fin assemblies 2 are installed at both ends of the housing 1. An air inlet duct 4 and an air outlet duct 5 are respectively installed on both sides of the housing 1. The air inlet duct 4 is located on one side of the housing 1, and the air outlet duct 5 is located on the other side of the housing 1 away from the air inlet duct 4. A filter screen 6 is installed at the opening of both the air inlet duct 4 and the air outlet duct 5 away from the housing 1. A fan assembly 7 is installed inside both the air inlet duct 4 and the air outlet duct 5. The transformer also includes a monitoring unit and a main control unit, the main control unit receiving signals from all sensors. The system analyzes the data and outputs control commands to the fan assembly 7 to adjust the fan speed. This achieves energy saving by effectively cooling the fan while avoiding energy waste. An anti-clogging mechanism 8 is installed between the fan assembly 7 and the filter 6. The anti-clogging mechanism 8 impacts the filter 6 as the fan assembly 7 rotates. The fan speed is intelligently adjusted by the monitoring unit and the main control unit, achieving on-demand heat dissipation. This avoids the energy waste caused by the continuous high-speed operation of traditional fans, thus achieving energy saving. The anti-clogging mechanism 8 can automatically clean the filter by utilizing the system's own airflow changes, preventing filter blockage that could lead to poor ventilation and reduced heat dissipation efficiency, ensuring long-term heat dissipation and energy saving effects.

[0030] In this invention, the air inlet duct 4 is located below the transformer housing 1, and the air outlet duct 5 is located above the transformer housing 1. The air outlet duct 5 is located above the air inlet duct 4. Heat dissipation fin groups 3 are installed on both sides of the transformer housing 1. The sealing mechanism 8 is provided with multiple rotating shafts 81 extending horizontally between the two ends. Multiple guide elements 82 are fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 81. Both ends of the rotating shaft 81 are rotatably connected to the bearing seat 83 through the torsion spring. The bearing seat 83 is fixedly installed. Through grooves are opened on the inner walls of the ends of the air inlet duct 4 and the air outlet duct 5 at positions corresponding to the bearing seat 83. The bearing seat 83 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the through groove. Through the cooperation of the rotating shaft 81, the torsion spring and the bearing seat 83, the guide element 82 can reliably and automatically swing and impact to clean the dust under the action of wind.

[0031] In this invention, the air inlet duct 4 is located below the heat dissipation fin group 3, and the air outlet duct 5 is located above the heat dissipation fin group 3. Thus, the staggered arrangement of the air inlet duct 4, the air outlet duct 5, and the two heat dissipation fin groups 3 improves the rapid cooling effect of the airflow in the channels of the air inlet duct 4 and the air outlet duct 5, and avoids overheated airflow from entering through the air inlet duct 4 or flowing back through the air outlet duct 5. Furthermore, the staggered arrangement allows the airflow to be dispersed into various positions inside the transformer housing 1, thereby improving the air cooling effect and cooling efficiency inside the transformer housing 1.

[0032] In this invention, the guide member 82 is provided with a mounting cylinder fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 81. A blade 821 is fixed at the middle position on the side of the mounting cylinder facing the fan assembly 7. The blade 821 is horizontally positioned. Two blades 822 are fixed on the side of the mounting cylinder facing the filter screen 6. The two blades 822 are configured in a V-shape opening towards the filter screen 6. The two blades 822 are symmetrically arranged with the blade 821 as the center. Under normal conditions, they are connected by a torsion spring between the rotating shaft 81 and the bearing seat 83, keeping the blade 821 horizontal while ensuring that the ends of the blades 822 away from the blade 821 do not contact the filter screen 6. When dust adheres to the filter screen 6 or accumulates on the top of the air guide 82, the difference in the unobstructed flow between the upper and lower parts of the air guide 82 will cause the air guide 82 to swing, causing one of its blades 822 to strike the filter screen 6 for cleaning. Due to the unbalanced state of the air guide 82, the impact effect and frequency of the air guide 82 on the filter screen 6 will also increase during the active wind speed changes of the fan assembly 7. This will improve the cleaning effect of the filter screen 6 and ensure the effectiveness of the filter screen 6 for a long time. In addition, it will maintain the unobstructed flow of the air inlet duct 4 and the air outlet duct 5 to ensure the effectiveness of ventilation and cooling inside the transformer housing 1, thereby achieving energy saving.

[0033] Example 2: Refer to Figures 1-5 An energy-saving transformer with exhaust filtration function, based on Embodiment 1, has a monitoring unit specifically equipped with a temperature monitoring unit, a dust concentration monitoring unit, a torque sensing unit, and a wind speed detection unit.

[0034] The temperature monitoring unit is used to monitor the real-time temperature of multiple areas inside the transformer housing 1, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the air inlet duct 4 and the air outlet duct 5, and the surface temperature of the heat dissipation fin assembly 3.

[0035] The dust concentration monitoring unit is arranged inside the air inlet duct 4 and the air outlet duct 5 to monitor the dust concentration in the airflow in real time.

[0036] A torque sensing unit is installed between the rotating shaft 81 and the bearing seat 83 of the anti-blocking mechanism 8 to detect changes in the torque of the rotating shaft 81.

[0037] The wind speed detection unit is set near the fan assembly 7 in the air inlet duct 4 and the air outlet duct 5 respectively, and is used to monitor the actual wind speed.

[0038] By setting up monitoring units for multiple dimensions such as temperature, dust, torque, and wind speed, a targeted and comprehensive system status perception network is constructed, providing a sufficient data foundation for intelligent control. The torque sensing unit can directly reflect the working status of the anti-clogging mechanism and the actual degree of clogging of the filter, which is corroborated by parameters such as dust concentration, making control decisions more accurate and reliable.

[0039] It also includes an alarm unit, including an audible and visual alarm and a remote communication module, for issuing alarms when the system is abnormal;

[0040] The seasonal mode switching unit automatically or manually switches operating modes based on ambient temperature and humidity data and calendar information.

[0041] The specific control logic steps are as follows:

[0042] Step 1: Data Acquisition and Preprocessing

[0043] Temperature data acquisition: The temperature of three areas inside the transformer tank is collected every 10 seconds. Inlet temperature of air intake duct , outlet temperature of air duct and the surface temperature of the two heat dissipation fin groups ( , );

[0044] Dust data collection: The dust concentration in the air inlet and outlet ducts is collected every 30 seconds. , );

[0045] Torque data acquisition: Real-time monitoring of torque changes on shaft one ( Record the maximum torque and its duration;

[0046] Wind speed data acquisition: Real-time monitoring of inlet and outlet air speeds , ;

[0047] Environmental data acquisition: Collect ambient temperature data. and ambient humidity ;

[0048] All collected data undergoes filtering to remove outliers and noise, ensuring data accuracy and reliability.

[0049] Step 2: Status Assessment and Index Calculation

[0050] (1) Calculation of Heat Dissipation Demand Index (HRI): The system first calculates the average temperature inside the transformer tank and compares it with the reference temperature to obtain the relative temperature rise inside the tank. Then, it calculates the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet air ducts, which reflects the working efficiency of the heat dissipation system. Next, it calculates the difference between the surface temperature of the second heat dissipation fin group and the ambient temperature, which reflects the actual heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation fin group. Since there are two heat dissipation fin groups, the system will take the average surface temperature of the two heat dissipation fin groups as the calculation basis. Finally, the system combines these three relative values ​​according to different weights to obtain the heat dissipation demand index. The higher this index, the more urgent the system's need for heat dissipation;

[0051] The specific formula for calculating the Heat Dissipation Demand Index (HRI) is as follows: ,

[0052] in, Let be the weighting coefficient, satisfying It was derived from training based on actual operational data;

[0053] This represents the average temperature inside the transformer enclosure. , These are the temperatures in three zones inside the transformer housing;

[0054] Ambient temperature;

[0055] As the reference temperature, , For calibration coefficients;

[0056] This refers to the maximum allowable temperature of the transformer.

[0057] The outlet temperature of the air duct. The inlet temperature of the air intake duct;

[0058] This represents the normal temperature difference between the incoming and outgoing air.

[0059] The average surface temperature of the two heat dissipation fin groups. ;

[0060] This represents the normal temperature difference of the heat dissipation fins.

[0061] (2) Calculation of the Filter Clogging Risk Index (FRI):

[0062] The system first analyzes the dust concentration in the intake duct, comparing it to the maximum permissible dust concentration to obtain a relative value. Then, it analyzes the characteristics of the shaft torque variation. Since the guide vanes automatically stop when they impact the filter, preventing excessive twisting, the system primarily focuses on the frequency and amplitude of torque changes, rather than the absolute maximum value. Higher frequency and larger amplitude torque changes indicate more severe filter clogging. Next, the system analyzes the difference between the inlet and outlet air velocities, which directly reflects the unobstructed airflow path. Finally, the system considers the effectiveness of the cleaning action by comparing changes in air velocity before and after cleaning to determine the cleaning effect. The system integrates these parameters with different weights to obtain a filter clogging risk index. The higher this index, the greater the risk of filter clogging.

[0063] The specific formula for calculating the Filter Clog Risk Index (FRI) is as follows: ,

[0064] in Let be the weighting coefficient, satisfying ;

[0065] This refers to the dust concentration in the air intake duct. Maximum permissible dust concentration;

[0066] This represents the variation in shaft torque. The frequency of torque variation on the shaft;

[0067] This is the threshold for torque variation;

[0068] This refers to the intake air velocity. This refers to the airflow speed at the outlet.

[0069] Rated wind speed;

[0070] This is the dust removal efficiency coefficient. ;

[0071] This represents the actual wind speed increase. , The wind speed before dust removal. The wind speed after dust removal;

[0072] The desired increase in wind speed. , For the average torque value, the function It is a mathematical model based on historical operating data and real-time monitoring parameters, used to predict the theoretical wind speed increase that should be achieved after performing a dust removal operation under specific operating conditions.

[0073] Step 3: Control Decision-Making and Execution:

[0074] (1) Independent and precise control of fan speed:

[0075] The values ​​calculated by HRI and FRI are both in the range of 0-1. The system combines these two indices for comprehensive calculation and then performs analysis and control. When performing comprehensive calculation, the system uses a weighted average method and normalizes the two indices to ensure that they are compared and analyzed on the same scale.

[0076] Comprehensive Control Index (CCI) ,in and Let be the weighting coefficient, satisfying The specific values ​​will be adjusted according to operational requirements.

[0077] Intake duct fan speed control strategy: The intake duct fan speed is mainly responded to the filter clogging risk index (FRI) and the comprehensive control index (CCI).

[0078] When FRI < 0.3 and CCI < 0.4, the intake fan operates at the lowest speed to reduce dust intake;

[0079] When 0.3≤FRI<0.6 and 0.4≤CCI<0.7, the intake fan operates at a medium speed to balance ventilation and dust prevention;

[0080] When FRI≥0.6 or CCI≥0.7, the intake fan speed is appropriately reduced, and a special dust removal mechanism is triggered at the same time;

[0081] When the dedicated dust removal mechanism is activated, the intake fan operates in an alternating "high-speed-low-speed" mode to promote the dust removal effect of the air guide on the filter screen.

[0082] Exhaust duct fan speed control strategy: The exhaust duct fan speed mainly responds to the heat dissipation demand index (HRI) and the comprehensive control index (CCI).

[0083] When HRI < 0.3 and CCI < 0.4, the exhaust fan operates at its lowest speed to achieve energy saving;

[0084] When 0.3≤HRI<0.6 and 0.4≤CCI<0.7, the exhaust fan runs at a medium speed to ensure basic heat dissipation;

[0085] When HRI≥0.6 or CCI≥0.7, the exhaust fan speed is increased to enhance the heat dissipation effect;

[0086] When HRI≥0.8, the exhaust fan runs at its highest speed to ensure that the transformer does not overheat.

[0087] By introducing a comprehensive control index, heat dissipation requirements and blockage risks are considered in a unified manner, achieving coordinated and independent fine-grained control of the intake and exhaust fans. The overall system operation strategy is better: the dedicated dust removal mechanism is directly linked to the fan speed control, and maintenance is completed using the system's own capabilities, resulting in a high degree of automation.

[0088] Special case handling:

[0089] When the filter screen of the air inlet duct is severely clogged (FRI>0.8), the air inlet fan speed is reduced significantly and the air outlet fan speed is increased appropriately to create negative pressure inside the box and assist in dust removal.

[0090] When the transformer temperature rises sharply (HRI>0.9), the inlet and outlet fans run at their highest speeds simultaneously to prioritize equipment safety.

[0091] (2) Intelligent dust removal mechanism:

[0092] The dust removal mechanism has two levels:

[0093] First level, routine dust removal:

[0094] When the fan speed reaches a certain level, the airflow will naturally cause the air guide to collide with the filter screen to achieve continuous dust removal;

[0095] This is the system's passive dust removal method, which is continuously performed during daily operation.

[0096] Second-stage, dedicated dust cleaning (activated when the filter is excessively clogged):

[0097] When FRI>0.7 or the shaft torque continues to exceed the limit, the main control unit instructs the fan assembly to start the "dedicated dust cleaning mode";

[0098] The specific measures are as follows:

[0099] The fan assembly in the air intake duct alternates between high and low speeds five times within two minutes.

[0100] The fan assembly in the air outlet duct maintains a relatively stable speed;

[0101] By utilizing wind changes to cause the guide vanes to swing significantly, the impact frequency and force of the blades on the filter screen are increased.

[0102] After cleaning, restore the original speed and reassess the FRI.

[0103] If the FRI remains above 0.7 after three consecutive dedicated dust cleanings, the system will trigger an alarm.

[0104] Step 4: Alarm Control

[0105] The system triggers an alarm under the following circumstances:

[0106] Temperature abnormality alarm: When the temperature in any area inside the transformer tank exceeds the safety threshold, or the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet air is continuously abnormal;

[0107] Filter clogging alarm: When the filter clogging risk index (FRI) remains above 0.8, or the dedicated dust removal mechanism is activated multiple times without effect;

[0108] Fan malfunction alarm: When any fan component rotates abnormally or stops completely;

[0109] Dust concentration exceeding the standard alarm: When the dust concentration in the air inlet or outlet duct continuously exceeds the safety limit;

[0110] System Comprehensive Anomaly Alarm: When the Comprehensive Control Index (CCI) remains above 0.9, it indicates that the system is in a severely abnormal state.

[0111] Alarm methods include:

[0112] On-site audible and visual alarm: An alarm is triggered by an audible and visual alarm installed on the outside of the transformer enclosure;

[0113] Remote notification: Send alarm information to the monitoring center or relevant personnel via the communication module;

[0114] Alarm tiers: Based on the severity of the anomaly, alarms are divided into three levels: general warning, serious alarm, and emergency alarm.

[0115] Step 5: Seasonal mode switching:

[0116] The system has three seasonal operating modes, and the switching function and response logic are implemented according to the seasonal changes:

[0117] Summer strong cooling mode:

[0118] It is activated during the hot summer months, increasing the base fan speed to enhance heat dissipation.

[0119] Lower the trigger threshold of the Heat Dissipation Demand Index (HRI) and enhance cooling in advance;

[0120] Increase the frequency of dust removal to prevent dust accumulation from worsening due to high temperatures;

[0121] In the calculation of the Comprehensive Control Index (CCI), the weight of the HRI should be appropriately increased.

[0122] Spring and Autumn Standard Model:

[0123] It is put into use during the spring and autumn seasons when the temperature is moderate, and adopts a standard fan speed control strategy;

[0124] Perform dust removal operations at the normal frequency;

[0125] In the calculation of the Comprehensive Control Index (CCI), the weights of HRI and FRI are kept balanced.

[0126] Winter energy-saving mode:

[0127] When using it in winter when temperatures are low, reduce the base fan speed and prioritize energy saving.

[0128] Increase the trigger threshold of the Heat Dissipation Demand Index (HRI) to reduce unnecessary heat dissipation;

[0129] Reduce the frequency of dust removal and extend the service life of the filter screen;

[0130] In the calculation of the Comprehensive Control Index (CCI), the weight of the Free Regulatory Index (FRI) should be appropriately increased.

[0131] Step Six: Feedback and Adaptive Learning

[0132] After each control action, the system continuously monitors the changing trends of the heat dissipation demand index (HRI) and the filter clogging risk index (FRI) for 5 minutes.

[0133] If the control effect is not significant, the system will automatically increase the control intensity (such as further increasing the rotation speed or extending the dust removal cycle).

[0134] The system has a historical data recording function, which can optimize weight coefficients based on long-term operating data and improve control accuracy;

[0135] The system can learn the optimal operating parameters under different seasons and environmental conditions, and gradually improve control efficiency;

[0136] The system records the effect of each dust removal operation and optimizes the dust removal strategy and frequency accordingly.

[0137] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving transformer with a filtering and exhaust function, comprising a transformer housing (1), wherein heat dissipation fin assemblies (2) are installed at both ends of the transformer housing (1), and air inlet pipes (4) and air outlet pipes (5) are respectively provided on both sides of the transformer housing (1), characterized in that, The air inlet pipe (4) and air outlet pipe (5) are both equipped with filters (6) at the opening ends away from the transformer housing (1). The air inlet pipe (4) and air outlet pipe (5) are both equipped with fan assemblies (7). The system also includes a monitoring unit and a main control unit. The main control unit receives all sensor data, performs comprehensive analysis, and outputs control commands to the fan assembly (7) to achieve speed regulation. An anti-blocking mechanism (8) is provided between the fan assembly (7) and the filter (6). The anti-blocking mechanism (8) can impact the filter (6) as the speed of the fan assembly (7) changes.

2. An energy-saving transformer with exhaust filtration function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transformer housing (1) is equipped with heat dissipation fin group 2 (3) on both sides. The sealing mechanism (8) is provided with multiple horizontally extending rotating shafts (81). Multiple flow guides (82) are fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 1 (81). Both ends of the rotating shaft 1 (81) are rotatably connected to the bearing seat (83) by torsion springs. The bearing seat (83) is fixedly set.

3. An energy-saving transformer with a filtration and exhaust function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air inlet duct (4) is located below the heat dissipation fin group two (3), and the air outlet duct (5) is located above the heat dissipation fin group two (3).

4. An energy-saving transformer with exhaust filtration function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide (82) is provided with an installation cylinder fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (81). A blade (821) is fixed in the middle of the side of the installation cylinder facing the fan assembly (7). Two blades (822) are fixed on the side of the installation cylinder facing the filter (6). The two blades (822) are configured as a V-shaped structure opening towards the filter (6).

5. An energy-saving transformer with exhaust filtration function according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The monitoring unit is specifically equipped with a temperature monitoring unit, a dust concentration monitoring unit, a torque sensing unit, and a wind speed detection unit; Temperature monitoring unit is used to monitor the real-time temperature of multiple areas inside the transformer housing (1), the inlet and outlet temperatures of the air inlet duct (4) and the air outlet duct (5), and the surface temperature of the heat dissipation fin group two (3). The dust concentration monitoring unit is arranged inside the air inlet duct (4) and the air outlet duct (5) to monitor the dust concentration in the airflow in real time. A torque sensing unit is installed between the rotating shaft (81) and the bearing seat (83) of the anti-blocking mechanism (8) to detect the torque change of the rotating shaft (81); The wind speed detection unit is set near the fan assembly (7) of the air inlet duct (4) and the air outlet duct (5) respectively, and is used to monitor the actual wind speed.

6. An energy-saving transformer with exhaust filtration function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific control steps for the fan assembly (7) are as follows: Step 1: Data Acquisition and Preprocessing. The system collects various sensor data in real time, including temperature data, dust concentration data, torque data, wind speed data, and environmental data, and performs data filtering and outlier processing. Step 2: Status Assessment and Index Calculation. Based on the collected data, the system calculates the Heat Dissipation Demand Index (HRI) and the Filter Blockage Risk Index (FRI). These two indices comprehensively reflect the current heat dissipation demand of the transformer and the degree of filter blockage risk. Step 3: Control Decision and Execution. Based on the calculated HRI and FRI values, the system conducts a comprehensive analysis and formulates corresponding control strategies. The control strategies include independent and precise control of the fan assembly (7) speed of the air intake duct (4) and the air outlet duct (5), as well as intelligent triggering of the dust removal mechanism.

7. An energy-saving transformer with exhaust filtration function according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step two, the specific formula for calculating the Heat Dissipation Demand Index (HRI) is as follows: , in, Let be the weighting coefficient, satisfying ; This represents the average temperature inside the transformer enclosure. , These are the temperatures in three zones inside the transformer housing; Ambient temperature; As the reference temperature, , For calibration coefficients; This refers to the maximum allowable temperature of the transformer. The outlet temperature of the air duct. The inlet temperature of the air intake duct; This represents the normal temperature difference between the incoming and outgoing air. The average surface temperature of the two heat dissipation fin groups; This represents the normal temperature difference of the heat dissipation fins.

8. An energy-saving transformer with exhaust filtration function according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step two, the specific formula for calculating the filter clogging risk index (FRI) is as follows: , in Let be the weighting coefficient, satisfying ; This refers to the dust concentration in the air intake duct. Maximum permissible dust concentration; This represents the variation in shaft torque. The frequency of torque variation on the shaft; This is the threshold for torque variation; This refers to the intake air velocity. This refers to the airflow speed at the outlet. Rated wind speed; This is the dust removal efficiency coefficient. ; This represents the actual wind speed increase. , The wind speed before dust removal. The wind speed after dust removal; The desired increase in wind speed. , For the average torque value, the function It is a mathematical model based on historical operating data and real-time monitoring parameters, used to predict the theoretical wind speed increase that should be achieved after performing a dust removal operation under specific operating conditions.

9. An energy-saving transformer with exhaust filtration function according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step three, the comprehensive control index (CCI) is calculated using a weighted average method based on the calculated HRI and FRI values. w1 and w2 are weighting coefficients that satisfy w1 + w2 = 1. The specific values ​​can be adjusted according to the operational requirements. Fan speed control for air intake ducts: When FRI < 0.3 and CCI < 0.4, the intake fan operates at the lowest speed; When 0.3≤FRI<0.6 and 0.4≤CCI<0.7, the intake fan operates at a medium speed to balance ventilation and dust prevention; When FRI≥0.6 or CCI≥0.7, the intake fan speed is appropriately reduced, and a special dust removal mechanism is triggered at the same time; When the dedicated dust removal mechanism is activated, the intake fan operates in an alternating "high speed-low speed" mode. Air duct fan speed control strategy: When HRI < 0.3 and CCI < 0.4, the exhaust fan operates at its lowest speed. When 0.3≤HRI<0.6 and 0.4≤CCI<0.7, the exhaust fan runs at a medium speed to ensure basic heat dissipation; When HRI≥0.6 or CCI≥0.7, the exhaust fan speed is increased; When HRI≥0.8, the exhaust fan runs at its highest speed to ensure that the transformer does not overheat.

10. An energy-saving transformer with exhaust filtration function according to claim 9, characterized in that, An alarm unit is also provided, which includes an audible and visual alarm and a remote communication module. When the temperature in any area inside the transformer housing (1) exceeds the safety threshold, or the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet air is continuously abnormal, a temperature abnormality alarm is triggered. When the filter screen blockage risk index (FRI) is continuously higher than 0.8, or the special dust removal mechanism is repeatedly activated but still ineffective, a filter screen blockage alarm is triggered. When the dust concentration in the inlet duct (4) or outlet duct (5) continuously exceeds the safety limit, a dust concentration exceeding the standard alarm is triggered.

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