High-pressure self-advancing spray head structure for underground cable pipeline laying

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure self-advancing spray head structure for underground cable pipeline laying. The high-pressure self-advancing spray head structure comprises a shell and a valve element. The shell comprises a first adaptive cavity, a jet flow forming neck part, a second adaptive cavity and a third adaptive cavity, and a side propelling hole channel communicated to the outside of the shell is formed in the second adaptive cavity; the valve element comprises an elastic assembly, a sliding valve sleeve and a flow guide head. The flow guide head comprises a flow guide head body and a column end head; the slide valve sleeve comprises a slide valve sleeve body and a first connecting rod, and a first through hole is formed in the slide valve sleeve body; the elastic assembly comprises a resisting base, a second connecting rod and a reset spring. Opening, closing and switching of a flow channel in the valve element are controlled by adjusting the axial displacement of the valve element in the shell. According to the high-pressure self-advancing spray head structure for underground cable pipeline laying, opening, closing and switching of a flow channel in the valve element are controlled by adjusting the axial displacement of the valve element in the shell; the structure is simple, and repair and maintenance are easy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-pressure self-priming nozzle technology, and in particular to a high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of urbanization, underground cable ducts have become an important component of power transmission networks. The main function of pre-buried cable ducts is to provide reliable underground physical protection channels for power cables, effectively isolating them from soil corrosion, moisture erosion, and damage from external mechanical forces. At the same time, standardized pre-buried networks facilitate cable laying, replacement, maintenance, and future line capacity expansion, avoiding repeated excavation of urban roads for line maintenance.

[0003] However, during the installation or long-term operation of cable ducts, blockages can easily occur inside the ducts, preventing the cables from being laid smoothly. Currently, the industry mainly uses the high-pressure water jet cleaning method: a high-pressure water pump generates high-pressure fluid, which is connected to a high-pressure hose and a special cleaning nozzle. The nozzle uses forward jets to impact and break up the blockages, while the backward jets generate recoil force to propel the nozzle forward automatically within the duct, carrying away the silt and debris washed away.

[0004] This operating method has the following technical defects: 1. During pipeline dredging operations, the nozzle is placed in a harsh environment filled with high-concentration mud and gravel. When the high-pressure pump stops and loses pressure, or when the equipment is pulled back for recovery, the high pressure inside the nozzle dissipates rapidly. Furthermore, the rapid movement of the device within the pipe generates localized negative pressure (piston effect), causing external mud to flow backward through the normally open nozzle orifice under pressure differential, directly invading the precision valve chamber and spring housing inside the nozzle. 2. The unreasonable structural design easily leads to irreversible damage to core components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying, which controls the opening, closing and switching of the flow channel inside the valve core by adjusting the axial displacement of the valve core inside the housing; the structure is simple and easy to repair and maintain.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying, comprising: a housing and a valve core sleeved inside the housing and capable of reciprocating along the housing; the housing includes: a first adapter cavity, a jet forming neck connected to the first adapter cavity, a second adapter cavity connected to the jet forming neck, and a third adapter cavity connected to the second adapter cavity, the second adapter cavity having a side propulsion channel communicating to the outside of the housing; the valve core includes: an elastic component adapted and installed in the third adapter cavity, a sliding valve sleeve adapted and installed in the second adapter cavity, and a flow guide head adapted and installed in the first adapter cavity; the flow guide head includes: a flow guide head body and a flow channel adaptably inserted into the jet forming neck. The column end is connected to the guide head body at one end; the slide valve sleeve includes: a slide valve sleeve body that can reciprocate along the second adapter cavity and a first connecting rod connected to one end of the slide valve sleeve body, one end of the first connecting rod being connected to the opposite end of the column end, and a first through hole provided on the slide valve sleeve body; the elastic component includes: a stop seat that can reciprocate along the third adapter cavity, a second connecting rod connected to the stop seat, and a return spring sleeved on the second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod being connected to the opposite end of the slide valve sleeve body, and the opposite ends of the return spring pressing against the stop seat and the slide valve sleeve body respectively, wherein: the opening, closing and switching of the flow channel inside the valve core are controlled by adjusting the axial displacement of the valve core within the housing.

[0007] The stop seat is hydraulically pushed, and through the linkage of the second connecting rod, the slide valve sleeve body and the first connecting rod, the first through hole and the side propulsion channel are matched and connected, and the side propulsion channel is opened, and the column end head is disengaged from the jet forming neck; the reset spring releases the preload force, the linked slide valve sleeve and the guide head retract respectively, the column end head is inserted into the jet forming neck, and the slide valve sleeve body closes the side propulsion channel.

[0008] The first adapter cavity includes an inner wall and a connecting wall connected to the inner wall, the connecting wall being connected to the inner wall of the jet forming neck; a side abutment wall that can fit and conform to the connecting wall is provided on one side of the guide head body.

[0009] The inner diameter of the inner wall is larger than the outer diameter of the guide head body, and a spray hole is formed between the guide head body and the inner wall.

[0010] The central axis of the side propulsion channel is at a certain angle to the central axis of the shell; the fluid injected through the side propulsion channel generates propulsion force to one side of the high-pressure self-propelled nozzle.

[0011] The third adapter cavity of the housing has a water inlet sealing surface at one end, which is an annular end face structure.

[0012] The outer diameter of the column end is smaller than the inner diameter of the jet forming neck, so that the column end can be fitted into the jet forming neck to form an annular flow channel.

[0013] Several water passage holes are respectively opened on one side end face of the stop seat and the slide valve sleeve body.

[0014] The stop seat is flange-shaped, and the slide valve sleeve body is hollow cylindrical.

[0015] Among them, the central axis of the stop seat, the central axis of the second connecting rod, the central axis of the slide valve sleeve body, the central axis of the first connecting rod, the central axis of the column end, and the central axis of the guide head body are on the same straight line.

[0016] The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, it can use the fluid's own pressure to drive the axial sliding of the internal slide valve sleeve, thereby achieving synchronous control of the on / off state of the front nozzle and the side-rear propulsion nozzle, ensuring seamless coordination of the demolition and slag discharge functions.

[0017] Secondly, it eliminates the complex transmission linkages or multi-stage pilot valve groups, resulting in an extremely simplified structure that significantly reduces processing costs and failure rates.

[0018] Third, the purely mechanical passive control method not only eliminates the electrical explosion-proof hazards in downhole operations, but also avoids control failures caused by mud and water conduction or battery depletion, greatly improving the safety and reliability of engineering operations. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the housing of a high-pressure self-injecting nozzle structure used for underground cable duct laying according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the valve core of a high-pressure self-inlet nozzle structure used for underground cable duct laying according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the valve core front end and the shell in the closed state of the high-pressure self-inlet nozzle structure used for underground cable duct laying according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of a high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure used for underground cable duct laying according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is hydraulically pushed open. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figures 1-4 The image shows an embodiment of the high-pressure self-inlet nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying according to the present invention.

[0026] The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying in this embodiment of the invention includes: a housing 1 and a valve core 2 sleeved inside the housing 1 and capable of reciprocating along the housing 1; the housing 1 includes: a first adapter cavity 11, a jet forming neck 12 connected to the first adapter cavity 11, a second adapter cavity 13 connected to the jet forming neck 12, and a third adapter cavity 14 connected to the second adapter cavity 13, the second adapter cavity 13 being provided with a side propulsion channel 131 communicating to the outside of the housing; the valve core 2 includes: an elastic component 21 adapted and installed in the third adapter cavity 14, a sliding valve sleeve 22 adapted and installed in the second adapter cavity 13, and a guide head 23 adapted and installed in the first adapter cavity 11; The guide head 23 includes: a guide head body 231 and a column end 232 that can be adapted to be inserted into the jet forming neck 12 to form a flow channel, one end of the column end 232 being connected to the guide head body 231; the slide valve sleeve 22 includes: a slide valve sleeve body 222 that can reciprocate along the second adaptation cavity 13 and a first connecting rod 224 connected to one end of the slide valve sleeve body 222, one end of the first connecting rod 224 being connected to the other end opposite to the column end 232, and a first through hole 2221 is provided on the slide valve sleeve body 222; The elastic component 21 includes: a stop seat 218 that can reciprocate along the third adapter cavity 14, a second connecting rod 219 connected to the stop seat 218, and a return spring 217 sleeved on the second connecting rod 219. One end of the second connecting rod 219 is connected to the opposite end of the slide valve sleeve body 222, and the opposite ends of the return spring 217 press against the stop seat 218 and the slide valve sleeve body 222, respectively. The opening, closing, and switching of the flow channel inside the valve core 2 are controlled by adjusting the axial displacement of the valve core 2 within the housing 1.

[0027] In specific implementation, the housing 1 is a hollow cavity structure with openings at both ends. Inside, there is a stepped inner cavity, which is divided into a first adapter cavity 11, a jet-forming neck 12, a second adapter cavity 13, and a third adapter cavity 14 according to its location and function. Specifically, the jet-forming neck 12 functions to cooperate with the valve core 2 to form the front jet. The slide valve sleeve 22 functions to guide and control the opening and closing of the side propulsion channel 131.

[0028] Preferably, one end of the third adapter cavity 14 of the housing 1 is provided as a water inlet sealing surface 141. The water inlet sealing surface 141 is an annular end face structure, which serves to form a static mating surface for a rear seal.

[0029] Furthermore, the first adapter cavity 11 includes: an inner sidewall 111 and a connecting wall 112 connected to the inner sidewall 111, the connecting wall 112 being connected to the inner wall of the jet forming neck 12; a side abutment wall 2311 capable of fitting and adhering to the connecting wall 112 is provided on one side of the guide head body 231.

[0030] The inner diameter of the inner wall 111 is larger than the outer diameter of the guide head body 231, and a spray hole is formed between the guide head body 231 and the inner wall 111.

[0031] Furthermore, several water passage holes A are respectively opened on one end face of the stop seat 218 and the slide valve sleeve body 222. The stop seat 218 is the main force-bearing surface for water pressure and also the mounting seat for the return spring 217. The function of the return spring 217 is to provide a constant reverse return force.

[0032] In this embodiment, the stop seat 218 is flange-shaped, and the slide valve sleeve body 222 is hollow cylindrical. The central axis of the stop seat 218, the central axis of the second connecting rod 219, the central axis of the slide valve sleeve body 222, the central axis of the first connecting rod 224, the central axis of the column end 232, and the central axis of the guide head body 231 are on the same straight line.

[0033] Furthermore, the central axis of the side thrust channel 131 is at a certain angle to the central axis of the housing 1; the fluid injected through the side thrust channel 131 generates thrust on one side of the high-pressure self-propelled nozzle.

[0034] Wherein: the outer diameter of the column end 232 is smaller than the inner diameter of the jet forming neck 12, so that the column end 232 can be adapted to be inserted into the jet forming neck 12 to form an annular flow channel.

[0035] In the specific implementation of the high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying, the stop seat 218 is hydraulically pushed, and through the linkage of the second connecting rod 219, the slide valve sleeve body 222, and the first connecting rod 224, the first through hole 2221 is appropriately matched with the side propulsion channel 131, and the side propulsion channel 131 is opened, and the column end 232 disengages from the jet forming neck 12. The trigger condition for this state is: when the high-pressure water pump is started, the high-pressure fluid is delivered to the nozzle inlet through the high-pressure hose.

[0036] At this moment, the high-pressure water directly impacts the rear end face of the return spring 217. Once the hydraulic thrust overcomes the resistance of the return spring 217 and the friction of the components, the linkage valve core 2 begins to slide smoothly forward (to the right). The instant the inlet sealing surface is opened, the high-pressure water flows through the water passage A of the return spring 217 and quickly fills the multiple adapter cavities inside the housing 1. In other words, by utilizing the differential area inside the valve core 2 to generate a huge hydraulic thrust, the nozzle remains in a stable fully open state during operation, eliminating fluid oscillations.

[0037] Lateral linkage (propulsion): As the valve core 2 moves forward into position, the first through hole 2221 on the slide valve sleeve body 222 coincides with the side propulsion channel 131, and the originally blocked side propulsion channel 131 is opened. High-pressure water is sprayed backward, generating a recoil force to propel the device forward.

[0038] Front-end linkage (forming): The column end 232 is adapted to be inserted into the jet forming neck 12 to form an annular flow channel. A precise annular throttling gap is formed between the two. The jet is ejected through the nozzle formed between the guide head body 231 and the inner side wall 111. The hollow cylindrical jet ejected from the front end cuts the blockage. The water jet ejected from the side and rear not only provides continuous propulsion, but also forms a fluid dynamic field around the device, which quickly discharges the cut debris backward, realizing the simultaneous operation of propulsion, cleaning and slag discharge.

[0039] When the return spring 217 releases its preload, the linkage valve sleeve 22 and the guide head 23 retract, and the column end 232 inserts into the jet forming neck 12. The valve sleeve body 222 then closes the side propulsion channel 131. The triggering condition for this state is: The return spring 217 releases the preload, forcibly pushing the linkage valve core 2 backward (left) back to the initial limit position. At this time, the two main external channels of the high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure used for underground cable duct laying are physically blocked, forming a closed body and achieving the anti-blocking function.

[0040] The side propulsion channel 131 is sealed (to prevent backflow): After the slide valve sleeve body 222 retracts, it completely covers and blocks the side propulsion channel 131 on the housing 1 from the inside. Since the side propulsion channel 131 is located in the low-pressure area and has a large opening, sealing it off cuts off the main path of mud backflow.

[0041] One side of the guide head body 231 is adapted to fit against the side baffle wall 2311 on the connecting wall 112 to achieve front-end closure (anti-intrusion): the guide head body 231 at the front end retracts, and the column end 232 is adapted to be inserted into the jet forming neck 12, effectively blocking the intrusion of crushed stone particles into the precision flow channel.

[0042] Understandably, by utilizing the forced return action of the return spring 217, at the moment of pump shutdown and pressure loss, the valve sleeve body 222 is driven to physically shield the side propulsion channel 131, which is most prone to impurities, from the inside. Simultaneously, the guide head retracts to close the front jet gap. This achieves a "lock-up upon pressure loss" check valve isolation mechanism, completely isolating the precision flow channels and moving parts inside the device from the harsh environment filled with high-concentration mud. This effectively prevents the backflow of hard particles such as quartz sand and cement debris, and completely solves the problem of valve core jamming or flow channel caking and scrapping caused by impurities in existing technologies.

[0043] The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, it can use the fluid's own pressure to drive the axial sliding of the internal slide valve sleeve, thereby achieving synchronous control of the on / off state of the front nozzle and the side-rear propulsion nozzle, ensuring seamless coordination of the demolition and slag discharge functions.

[0044] Secondly, it eliminates the complex transmission linkages or multi-stage pilot valve groups, resulting in an extremely simplified structure that significantly reduces processing costs and failure rates.

[0045] Third, the purely mechanical passive control method not only eliminates the electrical explosion-proof hazards in downhole operations, but also avoids control failures caused by mud and water conduction or battery depletion, greatly improving the safety and reliability of engineering operations.

Claims

1. A high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying, characterized in that, include: A housing and a valve core that is fitted inside the housing and can reciprocate along the housing; The housing includes: a first adapter cavity, a jet-forming neck connected to the first adapter cavity, a second adapter cavity connected to the jet-forming neck, and a third adapter cavity connected to the second adapter cavity. The second adapter cavity is provided with a side-propulsion channel communicating with the outside of the housing. The valve core includes: an elastic component adapted to be installed in the third adapter cavity, a slide valve sleeve adapted to be installed in the second adapter cavity, and a flow guide head adapted to be installed in the first adapter cavity; The flow guide head includes: a flow guide head body and a column end head that can be adapted to be inserted into the jet forming neck to form a flow channel, one end of the column end head being connected to the flow guide head body; the slide valve sleeve includes: a slide valve sleeve body that can reciprocate along the second adaptation cavity and a first connecting rod connected to one end of the slide valve sleeve body, one end of the first connecting rod being connected to the other end opposite to the column end head, and the slide valve sleeve body having a first through hole; The elastic component includes: a stop seat that can reciprocate along the third adapter cavity, a second connecting rod connected to the stop seat, and a return spring sleeved on the second connecting rod. One end of the second connecting rod is connected to the opposite end of the valve sleeve body, and the opposite ends of the return spring press against the stop seat and the valve sleeve body, respectively. The opening, closing, and switching of the flow channel within the valve core are controlled by adjusting the axial displacement of the valve core within the housing.

2. The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stop seat is hydraulically pushed, and through the linkage of the second connecting rod, the slide valve sleeve body and the first connecting rod, the first through hole is matched and corresponds to the side propulsion channel and the side propulsion channel is opened, and the column end head is disengaged from the jet forming neck; The reset spring releases the preload, causing the slide valve sleeve and the guide head to retract respectively. The column end is inserted into the jet forming neck, and the slide valve sleeve body closes the side push channel.

3. The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first adapter cavity includes: an inner sidewall and a connecting wall connected to the inner sidewall, wherein the connecting wall is connected to the inner wall of the jet forming neck; One side of the guide head body is provided with a side abutment wall that can be adapted to fit and adhere to the connecting wall.

4. The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the inner sidewall is larger than the outer diameter of the guide head body, and a spray hole is formed between the guide head body and the inner sidewall.

5. The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The central axis of the side propulsion channel forms a certain angle with the central axis of the housing; the fluid injected through the side propulsion channel generates propulsion force to one side of the high-pressure self-injecting nozzle.

6. The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the third adapter cavity of the housing is provided as a water inlet sealing surface, and the water inlet sealing surface is an annular end face structure.

7. The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the column end is smaller than the inner diameter of the jet forming neck, so that the column end can be fitted into the jet forming neck to form an annular flow channel.

8. The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Several water passage holes are respectively opened on one end face of the stop seat and the slide valve sleeve body.

9. The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stop seat is flange-shaped, and the slide valve sleeve body is hollow cylindrical.

10. The high-pressure self-priming nozzle structure for underground cable duct laying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The central axis of the stop seat, the central axis of the second connecting rod, the central axis of the slide valve sleeve body, the central axis of the first connecting rod, the central axis of the column end, and the central axis of the guide head body are all on the same straight line.

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