Machine tool automatic clamp capable of pneumatically removing scraps

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of clamps of machine tools, and provides an automatic clamp of a machine tool for pneumatic chip removal, which comprises a base station, positioning clamps, two positioning plates and an air injection gun, the positioning clamps and the positioning plates are arranged on the base station, the clamping surfaces of the positioning plates are perpendicular to each other, and the air injection gun is arranged on the base station. The clamping direction of the positioning clamp faces the two positioning plates, the air injection gun is arranged on the positioning clamp, the air injection direction of the air injection gun faces the clamping faces of the positioning plates, the positioning plates are provided with air inlet ends, and diffusion air cavities are formed in the positioning plates. A first air outlet gap and a second air outlet gap which are communicated with the diffusion air cavity are formed in the bottom of the clamping face of the positioning plate, and the first air outlet gap is located below the second air outlet gap. By means of the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, a tool clamp of a machine tool is not thorough in scrap cleaning is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool clamping technology, specifically to an automatic machine tool clamping device for pneumatic chip removal. Background Technology

[0002] CNC machine tools, short for numerical control machine tools, are automated machine tools equipped with a program control system. This control system logically processes programs with control codes or other symbolic instructions, decodes them, represents them with coded numbers, and inputs them into the CNC device via an information carrier. After processing, the CNC device sends various control signals to control the machine tool's movements, automatically machining parts according to the shape and dimensions required by the drawings. CNC machine tools generally use tooling fixtures to fix the parts for machining; the accuracy of the tooling fixtures' positioning significantly affects the machining precision of the parts.

[0003] In existing technologies, part machining typically involves fixing the part in a tooling fixture and then performing subtractive machining using a cutting tool. The machining process involves high temperatures, which are usually cooled with coolant to prevent damage to the cutting tool. During machining, subtractive machining debris falls off, mixed with coolant, and scattered throughout the tooling fixture. After machining one part, a blowing device is typically used to clean up the debris before positioning the next part. However, due to the presence of coolant, some debris remains after blowing, causing a slight positioning deviation when repositioning the part. While this deviation is usually small and may not affect machining accuracy, it can still have some impact. Therefore, based on these issues, a new machine tool fixture is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes an automatic machine tool fixture for pneumatic chip removal, which solves the problem of incomplete chip removal by existing machine tool fixtures.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An automatic machine tool fixture for pneumatic chip removal includes a base, a positioning fixture, a positioning plate, and an air gun. The positioning fixture and the positioning plate are disposed on the base. Two positioning plates are provided, and their clamping surfaces are perpendicular to each other. The clamping direction of the positioning fixture is towards the two positioning plates. The air gun is disposed on the positioning fixture, and its air jet direction is towards the clamping surface of the positioning plate. The positioning plate is provided with an air inlet end. A diffusion air chamber is provided inside the positioning plate. A first air outlet gap and a second air outlet gap communicating with the diffusion air chamber are provided at the bottom of the clamping surface of the positioning plate. The first air outlet gap is below the second air outlet gap.

[0007] The positioning plate includes a first plate and a second plate. The first plate is disposed on the base and has an air inlet. The second plate is disposed on the first plate. The side of the first plate that engages with the second plate has a diffusion groove that radiates from the air inlet to the first and second air outlet gaps. The diffusion chamber is formed between the second plate and the diffusion groove.

[0008] A diffuser block is provided on the side of the second plate that engages with the first plate. The width of the diffuser block gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end, and the upper end of the diffuser block corresponds to the air inlet.

[0009] A flow divider is provided between the first air outlet slit and the second air outlet slit, and the thickness of the flow divider gradually increases along the direction of airflow.

[0010] A guide plate is provided at the lower end of the first air outlet gap. The guide plate is curved and its bottom surface is tangent to the base.

[0011] The positioning fixture includes a positioning cylinder and a positioning clamp. The positioning clamp is located at the telescopic end of the positioning cylinder, and the end of the positioning clamp is a V-groove with a flat surface at the opening of the V-groove.

[0012] The base is also provided with an arc-shaped groove and a scale line corresponding to the arc-shaped groove. The automatic machine tool fixture also includes an adjusting block and an adjusting bolt. The positioning cylinder is set on the adjusting block. The adjusting bolt passes through the arc-shaped groove and the adjusting block and is connected to the positioning cylinder. The nut of the adjusting bolt is engaged with the arc-shaped groove. The adjusting block can move along the arc-shaped groove.

[0013] Two jet guns are provided, one on each side of the positioning cylinder.

[0014] The working principle and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0015] This invention proposes an automatic machine tool fixture for pneumatic chip removal. It combines a fixture with a chip removal structure. Specifically, the fixture uses a positioning method combining a positioning plate and a positioning jig. After machining, the positioning plate and base need to be cleaned for mounting the next workpiece. An air gun is installed next to the positioning jig, with the airflow direction matching the installation direction of the positioning jig. The air gun can clean the clamping surface of the positioning plate. A cleaning structure for the base is also designed on the positioning plate. The air inlet of the positioning plate is connected to an air source. The machine tool fixture is equipped with a diffusion chamber and a first air outlet and a second air outlet at the bottom of the positioning plate. The first air outlet is located below the second air outlet. The first air outlet can blow away the coolant on the base plate, while the second air outlet blows away the debris on the base plate as the coolant is reduced. This avoids the problem of coolant adhering to the base plate and leaving some debris after blowing away. By adopting the above technical solution, the cleanliness of the machine tool fixture can be greatly improved, thereby solving the problem of incomplete chip removal of machine tool fixtures in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamp in this invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positioning plate in this invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning plate in the present invention at the midpoint along the width direction;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 6 The positioning plate structure of this invention explodes. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 7 The positioning plate structure of this invention explodes. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a flow field airflow trace diagram inside the positioning plate in this invention;

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Positioning clamp, 3. Positioning plate, 4. Air gun, 5. Diffusion chamber, 6. First air outlet gap, 7. Second air outlet gap, 8. First plate, 9. Second plate, 10. Air inlet, 11. Diffusion groove, 12. Diffuser block, 13. Flow divider plate, 14. Guide plate, 15. Positioning cylinder, 16. Positioning chuck, 17. V-groove, 18. Arc groove, 19. Scale line, 20. Adjusting block, 21. Adjusting bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes an automatic machine tool fixture for pneumatic chip removal. The automatic machine tool fixture includes a base 1, a positioning fixture 2, a positioning plate 3, and an air gun 4. The positioning fixture 2 and the positioning plate 3 are disposed on the base 1. There are two positioning plates 3, and their clamping surfaces are perpendicular to each other. The clamping direction of the positioning fixture 2 is towards the two positioning plates 3. The air gun 4 is disposed on the positioning fixture 2, and its air jet direction is towards the clamping surface of the positioning plate 3. The positioning plate 3 is provided with an air inlet end. The positioning plate 3 is provided with a diffuser air chamber 5. The bottom of the clamping surface of the positioning plate 3 is provided with a first air outlet gap 6 and a second air outlet gap 7 communicating with the diffuser air chamber 5. The first air outlet gap 6 is below the second air outlet gap 7.

[0028] In this embodiment, the automatic machine tool fixture uses a base 1 as the mounting base of the fixture and also as the bottom surface base for part mounting. Two mutually perpendicular positioning plates 3 are installed on the base 1, with a certain distance between the positioning plates 3, which is 10mm. However, this is not a limitation, and the specific distance can be adjusted according to the actual application. On one side of the clamping surface of the two positioning plates 3, a positioning fixture 2 is installed. The positioning fixture 2 can be understood as the clamping surface facing the positioning plates 3. The positioning fixture 2 and the two positioning plates 3 can effectively position the part. After processing, the fixture and base 1 need to be purged and cleaned. Specifically, an air gun 4 is installed next to the positioning fixture 2. The air jet direction of the air gun 4 is the same as the installation direction of the positioning fixture 2. The air gun 4 can purge and clean the clamping surface of the positioning plate 3. The positioning plate 3 is also designed with a purging structure for the base 1. The air inlet of the positioning plate 3 is connected to the air source. A diffuser chamber 5 is provided inside the positioning plate 3. A first air outlet slit 6 and a second air outlet slit 7 are provided at the bottom of the positioning plate 3. The first air outlet slit 6 is below the second air outlet slit 7. The first air outlet slit 6 can purge the coolant on the base 1. The second air outlet slit 7 can purge and clean the debris on the base 1 while the coolant is purged and reduced.

[0029] The positioning plate 3 includes a first plate 8 and a second plate 9. The first plate 8 is disposed on the base 1 and has an air inlet 10. The second plate 9 is disposed on the first plate 8. The side of the first plate 8 that engages with the second plate 9 has a diffusion groove 11 that radiates from the air inlet 10 toward the first air outlet 6 and the second air outlet 7. The diffusion chamber 5 is formed between the second plate 9 and the diffusion groove 11.

[0030] In this embodiment, the positioning plate 3 adopts a split structure, forming an internal diffusion chamber 5 and an end first air outlet slit 6 and a second air outlet slit 7 through the first plate 8 and the second plate 9. An air inlet 10 is provided on the first plate 8, which is used to communicate with an air source to provide high-pressure airflow. The diffusion chamber 5 is formed between the intersecting surfaces of the first plate 8 and the second plate 9. Specifically, a diffusion groove 11 is involved on the intersecting surface of the first plate 8 and the second plate 9. The diffusion groove 11 is a divergent scattering type, specifically a shape that diverges from the air inlet 10 towards the first air outlet slit 6 and the second air outlet slit 7. For example, it can be a fan shape, a cone shape, a triangle shape, etc., but this is not limiting. It should be noted that the first plate 8 and the second plate 9 can be connected by fastening bolts, which is one of the possible connection methods.

[0031] A diffuser block 12 is provided on the side of the second plate 9 that is engaged with the first plate 8. The width of the diffuser block 12 gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end, and the upper end of the diffuser block 12 corresponds to the air inlet 10.

[0032] In this embodiment, a diffuser block 12 is provided on the surface of the second plate 9 that engages with the first plate 8. The width of the diffuser block 12 gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end, which plays a role in dispersing the high-pressure airflow blown in from the air inlet 10. The diffuser block 12 is in the diffuser chamber 5, which can make the airflow more evenly dispersed. For example, the diffuser block 12 can be triangular, and its edges, fixed points and surfaces can be smoothly transitioned according to the diffuser requirements, such as adopting a smooth curved surface.

[0033] A flow divider 13 is provided between the first air outlet 6 and the second air outlet 7, and the thickness of the flow divider 13 gradually increases along the direction of airflow ejection.

[0034] In this embodiment, both the first air outlet gap 6 and the second air outlet gap 7 are connected to the diffuser chamber 5, but each discharges an airflow that can be blown out. A flow divider 13 is provided between the first air outlet gap 6 and the second air outlet gap 7. The flow divider 13 has a certain thickness and gradually increases in size along the direction of airflow ejection. The two sides of the flow divider 13 can be arc-shaped to adapt to the airflow ejection.

[0035] A guide plate 14 is provided at the lower end of the first air outlet gap 6. The guide plate 14 is curved and its bottom surface is tangent to the base 1.

[0036] In this embodiment, a guide plate 14 is provided at the lower end of the first air outlet slit 6. The guide plate 14 has a curved structure and its bottom is tangent to the base 1, so that the airflow ejected from the first air outlet slit 6 can closely follow the surface of the base 1 to clean the coolant deposited on the base 1, thereby providing better conditions for the second air outlet slit 7 to clean the debris on the base 1.

[0037] For example, based on the above embodiment, specifically, the air inlet 10 is a circular hole with a diameter of 8 mm, the first outlet air 6 and the second outlet gap 7 are 90 mm long, and the width of the two gaps is 2 mm. Using Fluent software, computational fluid dynamics simulation analysis of the air path is performed. The turbulence model is the k-epsilon model, the wall function is the scalable wall (SWF), the inlet boundary condition is a velocity inlet with an inlet velocity of 15 m / s, and the outlet boundary condition is a pressure outlet with a pressure of 0. The operating condition is one standard atmosphere. The pressure-velocity coupling scheme is Coupled, the spatial discrete gradient is Least Squares CellBase, and the turbulent kinetic energy is 0.75 m³ / s. 2 / s2. Turbulent viscosity 1 Pa·s, residual absolute standard 0.0001. The flow field trajectory diagram inside positioning plate 3 is shown below. Figure 8As shown, the airflow entering the diffuser chamber 5 through the air inlet 10 is dispersed by the diffuser block 12. The airflow discharged from the first air outlet 6 and the second air outlet 7 has a similar airflow velocity along the length of the slit, which results in the best purging effect. The airflow velocity in the middle region is 5.18 m / s, the airflow velocity on the right side is 5.99 m / s, and the airflow velocity on the left side is 5.77 m / s. Furthermore, the airflow located near the first air outlet 6 of the base 1 can adhere to the surface of the base 1 for purging, thus improving the purging effect.

[0038] The positioning fixture 2 includes a positioning cylinder 15 and a positioning clamp 16. The positioning clamp 16 is located at the telescopic end of the positioning cylinder 15. The end of the positioning clamp 16 is a V-groove 17 and the opening of the V-groove 17 is a plane.

[0039] In this embodiment, the positioning clamp 2 is driven by the positioning cylinder 15 to abut against the part, and the other sides of the part abut against the positioning plate 3, thereby achieving positioning. The positioning buckle has a V-groove 17 structure, which can adapt to cylindrical parts. The end of the V-groove 17 is flat, which can clamp and position three-dimensional parts with planes. The working principle of the positioning clamp 16 is to use the pressure generated by the V-groove 17 during the clamping process to fix the workpiece. The clamping principle of the positioning clamp 16 is mainly based on the action of friction and perpendicular force. When the positioning clamp 16 is subjected to external force, the friction will increase. When the friction is greater than or equal to the sinusoidal component of the external force on the positioning clamp 16, the positioning clamp 16 can achieve self-locking. The perpendicular force can generate a normal component, making the positioning clamp 16 more firmly embedded or pressed into the locked object, increasing friction and improving self-locking performance.

[0040] The base 1 is also provided with an arc-shaped groove 18 and a scale line 19 corresponding to the arc-shaped groove 18. The automatic machine tool fixture also includes an adjusting block 20 and an adjusting bolt 21. The positioning cylinder 15 is disposed on the adjusting block 20. The adjusting bolt 21 passes through the arc-shaped groove 18 and the adjusting block 20 and is connected to the positioning cylinder 15. The nut of the adjusting bolt 21 is engaged with the arc-shaped groove 18. The adjusting block 20 can move along the arc-shaped groove 18.

[0041] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped groove 18 is also provided on the base 1, and a scale line 19 is also provided on one side of the arc-shaped groove 18. The arc-shaped groove 18 can be opened to 90°, and the adjustment block 20 can slide within a range of about 60°. The positioning cylinder 15 is connected to the adjustment block 20 by the adjustment bolt 21. The adjustment block 20 can move along the arc-shaped groove 18, thereby adjusting the included angle and relative position between the positioning cylinder 15 and the positioning plate 3. The adjustment block 20 and the positioning cylinder 15 are fixed and adjusted by the adjustment bolt 21. The nut of the fixing bolt is connected to the arc-shaped groove 18 at the bottom. The width of the nut is greater than the width of the arc-shaped groove 18. The upper part is locked or loosened by the matching nut. When adjusting the angle, the scale line 19 can accurately find the most accurate positioning position, thereby improving the positioning accuracy.

[0042] Two jet guns 4 are provided and are respectively located on both sides of the positioning cylinder 15.

[0043] In this embodiment, two jet guns 4 are installed on both sides of the positioning cylinder 15, corresponding to the two positioning plates 3 respectively. They are used for dedicated purging. The positioning plates 3 are upright, and there is less coolant, which further improves the cleanliness of the surface of the positioning plates 3.

[0044] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic machine tool clamp for pneumatic chip removal, characterized in that, The automatic machine tool fixture includes a base (1), a positioning fixture (2), a positioning plate (3), and an air gun (4). The positioning fixture (2) and the positioning plate (3) are mounted on the base (1). There are two positioning plates (3) with their clamping surfaces perpendicular to each other. The clamping direction of the positioning fixture (2) is towards the two positioning plates (3). The air gun (4) is mounted on the positioning fixture (2) with its air jet direction towards the clamping surface of the positioning plate (3). The positioning plate (3) is provided with an air inlet. A diffusion chamber (5) is provided inside the positioning plate (3). The bottom of the clamping surface of the positioning plate (3) is provided with a first air outlet gap (6) and a second air outlet gap (7) communicating with the diffusion chamber (5). The first air outlet gap (6) is below the second air outlet gap (7).

2. The automatic machine tool fixture for pneumatic chip removal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning plate (3) includes a first plate (8) and a second plate (9). The first plate (8) is disposed on the base (1) and has an air inlet (10). The second plate (9) is disposed on the first plate (8). The side of the first plate (8) that engages with the second plate (9) has a diffusion groove (11) that radiates from the air inlet (10) toward the first air outlet gap (6) and the second air outlet gap (7). The diffusion chamber (5) is formed between the second plate (9) and the diffusion groove (11).

3. The automatic machine tool fixture for pneumatic chip removal according to claim 2, characterized in that, A diffuser block (12) is provided on the side of the second plate (9) that is engaged with the first plate (8). The width of the diffuser block (12) gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end, and the upper end of the diffuser block (12) corresponds to the air inlet (10).

4. The automatic machine tool clamp for pneumatic chip removal according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, A flow divider (13) is provided between the first air outlet gap (6) and the second air outlet gap (7), and the thickness of the flow divider (13) gradually increases along the direction of airflow ejection.

5. The automatic machine tool fixture for pneumatic chip removal according to claim 4, characterized in that, A guide plate (14) is provided at the lower end of the first air outlet gap (6). The guide plate (14) is curved and its bottom surface is tangent to the base (1).

6. The automatic machine tool fixture for pneumatic chip removal according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning fixture (2) includes a positioning cylinder (15) and a positioning clamp (16). The positioning clamp (16) is located at the telescopic end of the positioning cylinder (15). The end of the positioning clamp (16) is a V-groove (17) and the opening of the V-groove (17) is a plane.

7. The automatic machine tool fixture for pneumatic chip removal according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base (1) is also provided with an arc groove (18) and a scale line (19) corresponding to the arc groove (18). The automatic machine tool fixture also includes an adjusting block (20) and an adjusting bolt (21). The positioning cylinder (15) is set on the adjusting block (20). The adjusting bolt (21) passes through the arc groove (18) and the adjusting block (20) and is connected to the positioning cylinder (15). The nut of the adjusting bolt (21) is engaged with the arc groove (18). The adjusting block (20) can move along the arc groove (18).

8. The automatic machine tool fixture for pneumatic chip removal according to claim 7, characterized in that, Two jet guns (4) are provided and are respectively located on both sides of the positioning cylinder (15).

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