Air sampling device and method for environmental monitoring

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environment monitoring, in particular to an air sampling device and method for environment monitoring, the air sampling device comprises a placement table, a lift-off platform and a sampling assembly, a winding motor is fixed in the placement table, one end of a lifting rope is connected with the output end of the winding motor, and the other end of the lifting rope is connected with a sampling mounting table; the helium bag is connected with the sampling mounting table; the sampling assembly comprises a gas inlet pipe, a sampling pump, a gas guide pipe, a sampling container, a sampling shell, a vacuum pump and a connector, the sampling shell is fixed on the sampling mounting table, the sampling container is rotatably arranged in the sampling shell, the gas guide pipe is slidably arranged on the sampling shell and used for being connected with the sampling container, the sampling pump is communicated with the gas guide pipe, and the gas inlet pipe is communicated with the sampling pump; the connector is arranged on the sampling shell in a sliding mode and used for being connected with the sampling container, the vacuum pump is connected with the connector, and air at different heights can be collected more conveniently so that air quality monitoring can be better carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and in particular to an air sampling device and method for environmental monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Air sampling in environmental monitoring refers to the collection of gaseous or particulate matter samples from the atmosphere at specific times and locations using specialized equipment, in order to analyze the types and concentrations of pollutants in the air. This process is a crucial foundation for assessing air quality, identifying pollution sources, formulating environmental protection policies, and safeguarding public health.

[0003] Most existing air sampling devices are deployed on the ground or at low altitudes (typically between 1.5 and 10 meters above the ground), primarily for collecting air samples from the near-surface layer. While this deployment method is convenient for operation and maintenance, it has significant limitations: Firstly, low-altitude sampling struggles to reflect the vertical distribution of pollutants in the atmosphere, especially failing to capture the diffusion and accumulation of pollutants under meteorological conditions such as upper-level transport, boundary layer changes, or temperature inversions. Secondly, urban environments are characterized by dense high-rise buildings and a significant heat island effect, leading to substantial differences in air quality at different altitudes. Relying solely on low-altitude data can easily result in misjudgments of the overall pollution situation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an air sampling device and method for environmental monitoring, which aims to more conveniently collect air at different altitudes for better air quality monitoring.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an air sampling device for environmental monitoring, comprising a placement platform, an airlift platform, and a sampling assembly. The airlift platform includes a helium gas bladder, a sampling mounting platform, a lifting rope, a winding roller, and a winding motor. The winding motor is fixed inside the placement platform. One end of the lifting rope is connected to the output end of the winding motor, and the other end of the lifting rope is connected to the sampling mounting platform. The helium gas bladder is connected to the sampling mounting platform. The sampling assembly includes an air inlet pipe, a sampling pump, a gas guide pipe, a sampling container, a sampling shell, a vacuum pump, and a connector. The sampling shell is fixed on the sampling mounting platform. The sampling container is rotatably disposed within the sampling shell. The gas guide pipe is slidably disposed on the sampling shell for connection with the sampling container. The sampling pump is connected to the gas guide pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to the sampling pump. The connector is slidably disposed on the sampling shell for connection with the sampling container. The vacuum pump is connected to the connector.

[0006] The placement platform includes a placement platform body, a baffle, a moving wheel, and a locking structure. The baffle is rotatably mounted on the placement platform body, the moving wheel is rotatably mounted below the placement platform body, and the locking structure is mounted on the placement platform body.

[0007] The locking structure includes a locking rod, a support spring, and a triangular block. The locking rod is slidably mounted on the placement platform body. The support spring provides support for the locking rod. The triangular block is fixed to the locking rod and located on one side of the baffle. When the baffle is closed, it contacts the triangular block to push the locking rod back open.

[0008] The helium bladder has a miniature compression pump, which is used to adjust the internal air pressure to compensate for changes in atmospheric density at different altitudes.

[0009] The lifting platform also includes an attitude adjustment unit, which includes a support gear ring, a sliding block, an adjusting gear, a second motor, and adjusting blades. The support gear ring is fixed to one side of the sampling mounting platform. The sliding block is slidably disposed on the support gear ring. The adjusting gear is rotatably disposed on the sliding block and meshes with the support gear ring. The output end of the second motor is connected to the adjusting gear. The adjusting blades are disposed on the sliding block.

[0010] The air intake pipe includes a pipe body and an insect-proof net, with the insect-proof net located at the inlet of the pipe body.

[0011] The sampling pump includes a miniature differential pressure sensor, a high-precision mass flow controller, and a variable frequency air pump. The miniature differential pressure sensor is used to acquire air pressure change values, and the high-precision mass flow controller is used to control the variable frequency air pump based on the air pressure change values.

[0012] The sampling container includes a mounting block, a rotating disk, multiple sampling chambers, and a driving structure. The mounting block is slidably disposed on the sampling shell, the rotating disk is rotatably disposed on the mounting block, and the sampling chambers have connecting valves and pressure balancing diaphragms. The multiple sampling chambers are distributed on the rotating disk.

[0013] The drive structure includes a second gear, a second support gear ring, and a third motor. The second support gear ring is fixed on the rotating disk, the second gear is rotatably mounted on the sampling shell, and the output end of the third motor is connected to the second support gear ring.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides an air sampling method for environmental monitoring, comprising: The winding motor is controlled to release the lifting rope, and the sampling component is moved to the designated height via the helium airbag; Start the vacuum pump to evacuate the sampling container to the preset vacuum level; Start the sampling pump to allow air at the corresponding altitude to enter the sampling container through the air inlet pipe and be stored there.

[0015] This invention discloses an air sampling device and method for environmental monitoring. The placement platform serves as the base of the entire device, supporting and securing the remaining components. It can be installed on the ground, roof, or a mobile platform for easy on-site deployment. The lifting platform is used to raise the sampling component to the required height for high-altitude air sampling. A winding motor is fixedly installed inside the placement platform, with its output end connected to one end of a lifting rope. The other end of the lifting rope is connected to the sampling mounting platform. The winding motor drives a winding roller to wind and unwind the lifting rope, thereby achieving the vertical lifting and lowering movement of the sampling mounting platform. A helium gas bladder is fixedly connected above the sampling mounting platform, utilizing the buoyancy of helium to assist in lifting the sampling component, reducing the motor load, and improving lifting stability and energy efficiency, making it particularly suitable for long-term hovering or high-altitude sampling tasks.

[0016] The sampling shell is fixedly mounted on the sampling platform, forming a sealed and operable sampling chamber. The sampling container is rotatably disposed inside the sampling shell, facilitating the sequential switching of multiple sampling sites and enabling independent storage of samples from multiple time periods or at multiple heights. The gas guide tube is slidably disposed on the sampling shell and can precisely dock with the currently selected sampling container under the action of a driving mechanism (such as a miniature cylinder or stepper motor), ensuring a sealed gas path. The sampling pump is connected to the gas guide tube and is used to draw in external air through the air inlet pipe, pressurize it, and deliver it to the sampling container. The air inlet pipe is located at the front end of the device and is equipped with a dust filter and a humidity control module to prevent particulate matter or water vapor from interfering with sampling accuracy.

[0017] The connector is also slidably mounted on the sampling shell for quick connection to the corresponding sampling container before sampling. The vacuum pump is connected to the connector and performs vacuuming on the sampling container before sampling begins to ensure that there is no residual gas in the container, thereby improving the purity and representativeness of the collected sample.

[0018] This invention achieves flexible adjustment of sampling height by combining helium buoyancy and electric lifting mechanisms; at the same time, by integrating functions such as vacuum pretreatment, multi-container rotation, and automatic flow guidance docking, it significantly improves the accuracy, continuity, and automation level of air sampling. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an air sampling device for environmental monitoring according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a right-side structural diagram of an air sampling device for environmental monitoring according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a first cross-sectional view of an air sampling device for environmental monitoring according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a second cross-sectional view of an air sampling device for environmental monitoring according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an air sampling device for environmental monitoring according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the sampling pump of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of an air sampling method for environmental monitoring according to the present invention.

[0027] Placement platform 101, lifting platform 102, sampling component 103, helium gas bag 104, sampling mounting platform 105, lifting rope 106, winding roller 107, winding motor 108, air inlet pipe 109, sampling pump 110, sampling container 112, sampling shell 113, vacuum pump 115, connector 116, placement platform body 117, baffle 118, moving wheel 119, locking rod 121, support spring 122, triangular block 123, micro compressor pump 124, support gear ring 125, sliding block 126, adjusting gear 127, second motor 128, adjusting blade 129, pipe body 130, insect net 131, micro differential pressure sensor 132, high-precision mass flow controller 133, variable frequency air pump 134, mounting block 135, rotating disk 136, sampling chamber 137, second gear 139, second support gear ring 140, third motor 141. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] First Embodiment Please see Figures 1-6 This invention provides an air sampling device for environmental monitoring, comprising a placement platform 101, a lifting platform 102, and a sampling assembly 103. The lifting platform 102 includes a helium gas bladder 104, a sampling mounting platform 105, a lifting rope 106, a winding roller 107, and a winding motor 108. The winding motor 108 is fixed inside the placement platform 101. One end of the lifting rope 106 is connected to the output end of the winding motor 108, and the other end of the lifting rope 106 is connected to the sampling mounting platform 105. The helium gas bladder 104 is connected to the sampling mounting platform 105. The sampling assembly 103 includes an air inlet pipe 109 and a sampling pump 110. The system comprises a gas guide tube, a sampling container 112, a sampling shell 113, a vacuum pump 115, and a connector 116. The sampling shell 113 is fixed on the sampling mounting platform 105. The sampling container 112 is rotatably disposed within the sampling shell 113. The gas guide tube is slidably disposed on the sampling shell 113 for connection to the sampling container 112. The sampling pump 110 is connected to the gas guide tube. The inlet pipe 109 is connected to the sampling pump 110. The connector 116 is slidably disposed on the sampling shell 113 for connection to the sampling container 112. The vacuum pump 115 is connected to the connector 116.

[0031] In this embodiment, the placement platform 101 serves as the base of the entire device, supporting and fixing the remaining components. It can be installed on the ground, roof, or mobile platform for easy on-site deployment. The lifting platform 102 is used to raise the sampling component 103 to the required height for high-altitude air sampling. The winding motor 108 is fixedly installed inside the placement platform 101, with its output end connected to one end of the lifting rope 106. The other end of the lifting rope 106 is connected to the sampling mounting platform 105. The winding motor 108 drives the winding roller 107 to wind and unwind the lifting rope 106, thereby achieving the vertical lifting and lowering movement of the sampling mounting platform 105. The helium gas bladder 104 is fixedly connected above the sampling mounting platform 105, utilizing the buoyancy of helium to assist in lifting the sampling component 103, reducing the motor load, and improving the stability and energy efficiency of the lift, making it particularly suitable for long-term hovering or high-altitude sampling tasks.

[0032] The sampling shell 113 is fixedly mounted on the sampling mounting platform 105, forming a sealed and operable sampling chamber. The sampling container 112 is rotatably disposed inside the sampling shell 113, facilitating the sequential switching of multiple sampling sites and enabling independent storage of samples from multiple time periods or at multiple heights. The gas guide tube is slidably disposed on the sampling shell 113 and can precisely dock with the currently selected sampling container 112 under the action of a driving mechanism (such as a micro cylinder or stepper motor), ensuring a sealed gas path. The sampling pump 110 is connected to the gas guide tube and is used to draw in external air through the air inlet pipe 109, pressurize it, and deliver it to the sampling container 112. The air inlet pipe 109 is located at the front end of the device and is equipped with a dust filter and a humidity adjustment module to prevent particulate matter or water vapor from interfering with sampling accuracy.

[0033] The connector 116 is also slidably mounted on the sampling shell 113 for quick connection to the corresponding sampling container 112 before sampling; the vacuum pump 115 is connected to the connector 116 and performs vacuum treatment on the sampling container 112 before sampling begins to ensure that there is no residual gas in the container, thereby improving the purity and representativeness of the collected sample.

[0034] This invention achieves flexible adjustment of sampling height by combining helium buoyancy and electric lifting mechanisms; at the same time, by integrating functions such as vacuum pretreatment, multi-container rotation, and automatic flow guidance docking, it significantly improves the accuracy, continuity, and automation level of air sampling.

[0035] The placement platform 101 includes a placement platform body 117, a baffle 118, a moving wheel 119, and a locking structure. The baffle 118 is rotatably disposed on the placement platform body 117, the moving wheel 119 is rotatably disposed below the placement platform body 117, and the locking structure is disposed on the placement platform body 117.

[0036] The placement platform body 117 is a rigid frame structure, typically made of high-strength aluminum alloy or engineering plastic, possessing excellent wind resistance and environmental tolerance. Its upper surface has mounting slots or fixing holes for installing the winding motor 108, control module, and power system, while the interior forms a receiving space to facilitate the integration of electrical wiring and transmission mechanisms. Around the placement platform body 117 or on specific sides, baffles 118 are rotatably mounted. These baffles 118 are connected to the placement platform body 117 via hinges or pivots, and can be flipped upwards to open or closed downwards to lock. The main function of the baffles 118 is to cover and protect internal precision components (such as the winding motor 108, cable interfaces, etc.) during equipment transport or when not in operation, preventing damage from dust, rain, or external impacts. During equipment deployment, the baffles 118 can be opened for maintenance, wiring, or replacement of consumables.

[0037] To enhance the mobility of the device, the moving wheels 119 are rotatably mounted at the four bottom corners of the placement platform body 117. Preferably, they are omnidirectional wheels with brakes, facilitating flexible movement in complex terrain and allowing for stable parking via foot brakes after positioning. In some embodiments, the moving wheels 119 may also be equipped with shock-absorbing springs or rubber buffer pads to adapt to uneven ground and reduce the impact of vibration on sampling accuracy during ascent.

[0038] Crucially, the placement platform 101 is also equipped with a locking structure, which is used to automatically lock when the baffle 118 is closed, ensuring safety and sealing during transportation.

[0039] The locking structure includes a locking rod 121, a support spring 122, and a triangular block 123. The locking rod 121 is slidably disposed on the placement platform body 117. The support spring 122 is used to provide support for the locking rod 121. The triangular block 123 is fixed on the locking rod 121 and located on one side of the baffle 118. When the baffle 118 is closed, it contacts the triangular block 123 to push the locking rod 121 out.

[0040] The locking rod 121 is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the side wall of the placement platform body 117 in the horizontal direction, with one end extending to the vicinity of the closing path of the baffle 118; the support spring 122 is sleeved on the locking rod 121 or disposed in its sliding track, and always applies an elastic thrust toward the baffle 118 to the locking rod 121, keeping it in the "extended and locked" position. The triangular block 123 is fixedly connected to the side of the locking rod 121 near the baffle 118, with its inclined surface facing the lower edge of the baffle 118.

[0041] When the baffle 118 closes downwards, its lower edge first contacts the inclined surface of the triangular block 123. During the continued downward pressure, the guiding action of the inclined surface pushes the triangular block 123 and the locking rod 121 fixed to it to overcome the elastic force of the support spring 122 and retract inwards. After the baffle 118 is fully closed, the locking rod 121 is quickly ejected under the reset action of the support spring 122, so that the vertical surface of the triangular block 123 abuts against the inner side of the baffle 118, thereby firmly locking the baffle 118. This structure can achieve "self-locking when closing" without additional operation. To unlock, simply pull the locking rod 121 to retract and release the baffle 118. It is easy to operate and highly reliable.

[0042] The helium gasbag 104 has a miniature compression pump 124, which is used to adjust the internal air pressure to compensate for changes in atmospheric density at different altitudes.

[0043] To adapt to changes in atmospheric conditions at different altitudes and ensure the buoyancy stability of the ascending platform 102 during high-altitude operations, a miniature compressor pump 124 is integrated inside the helium gas bladder 104. This miniature compressor pump 124 is connected to the inner cavity of the gas bladder and is automatically started and stopped by the control unit within the placement platform 101 based on real-time altitude data (obtained via a built-in pressure sensor or GPS module). When the device ascends to a higher altitude and the external atmospheric density decreases, causing a drop in buoyancy, the miniature compressor pump 124 can replenish a small amount of compressed helium into the helium gas bladder 104, or adjust the internal pressure to maintain an effective volume, thereby compensating for buoyancy loss and preventing the sampling platform from descending or swaying due to insufficient buoyancy. Conversely, during descent, it can also appropriately release air to prevent the gas bladder from over-inflating and rupturing. This intelligent pressure regulation mechanism significantly improves the device's adaptability and operational reliability under complex terrain and variable weather conditions.

[0044] The lifting platform 102 also includes an attitude adjustment unit, which includes a support gear ring 125, a sliding block 126, an adjusting gear 127, a second motor 128, and an adjusting blade 129. The support gear ring 125 is fixed to one side of the sampling mounting platform 105. The sliding block 126 is slidably disposed on the support gear ring 125. The adjusting gear 127 is rotatably disposed on the sliding block 126 and meshes with the support gear ring. The output end of the second motor 128 is connected to the adjusting gear 127. The adjusting blade 129 is disposed on the sliding block 126.

[0045] The supporting gear ring 125 is an annular structure, fixedly installed on one side (usually the outer periphery) of the sampling mounting platform 105. Its inner or outer side has a continuous toothed structure, forming a complete transmission track. The sliding block 126 is slidably mounted on the supporting gear ring 125, allowing free movement along the circumference. Inside the sliding block 126, the adjusting gear 127 is rotatably mounted, precisely meshing with the teeth of the supporting gear ring 125. The second motor 128 is fixed to the sliding block 126, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the adjusting gear 127, driving the adjusting gear 127 to rotate. When the second motor 128 starts, it drives the adjusting gear 127 to rotate, causing the adjusting gear 127, supported by the supporting gear ring 127, to reverse and slide the sliding block 126 on the supporting gear ring 125, achieving continuous adjustment of the azimuth angle.

[0046] The adjusting blade 129 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the sliding block 126 and is typically made of lightweight, high-strength materials (such as carbon fiber or aerospace aluminum), featuring an adjustable angle of attack or a fixed airfoil structure. By controlling the direction and speed of the second motor 128, the position of the sliding block 126 on the support gear ring 125 can be precisely adjusted, thereby changing the spatial orientation of the adjusting blade 129. During high-altitude operations, the system can automatically drive the attitude adjustment unit based on attitude data fed back from the built-in gyroscope or tilt sensor, causing the adjusting blade 129 to generate a reverse aerodynamic torque to counteract external disturbances, achieving active attitude stabilization or directional wind control, effectively preventing the sampling air inlet from drawing in abnormal airflow due to platform rotation, and ensuring sample representativeness.

[0047] The air intake pipe 109 includes a pipe body 130 and an insect-proof net 131, with the insect-proof net 131 disposed at the inlet of the pipe body 130.

[0048] The tube body 130 is made of a corrosion-resistant, low-adsorption material (such as polytetrafluoroethylene or stainless steel), with a smooth inner wall to reduce airflow resistance and pollutant adhesion. Its inlet end is arranged facing the windward direction, and the insect-proof net 131 is installed at the port. The insect-proof net 131 is composed of multiple layers of fine metal wire mesh or polymer filter material, and the pore size is optimized to effectively block flying insects, pollen, large dust particles and other foreign objects from entering the sampling system without significantly affecting airflow efficiency, thus avoiding sampling flow rate attenuation or abnormal pump load.

[0049] The sampling pump 110 includes a miniature differential pressure sensor 132, a high-precision mass flow controller 133, and a variable frequency air pump 134. The miniature differential pressure sensor 132 is used to acquire air pressure change values, and the high-precision mass flow controller 133 is used to control the variable frequency air pump 134 based on the air pressure change values.

[0050] The miniature differential pressure sensor 132 monitors the pressure difference between the air inlet pipe 109 and the sampling container 112 in real time, converting the pressure change into an electrical signal and feeding it back to the control system. The high-precision mass flow controller 133, based on this pressure difference signal and combined with preset sampling flow parameters (such as 1 L / min or 5 L / min under standard conditions), dynamically calculates the required actual pumping power. Subsequently, the controller sends a speed control command to the variable frequency pump 134 to adjust its motor speed, thereby precisely maintaining a constant mass flow rate. This closed-loop control mechanism not only compensates for flow fluctuations caused by altitude increases, temperature changes, or pipeline blockages, but also responds quickly when switching between different sampling containers 112 or when the vacuum level changes, ensuring accurate and highly repeatable volume measurements for each sample, meeting the stringent requirements of environmental monitoring for data reliability.

[0051] The sampling container 112 includes a mounting block 135, a rotating disk 136, multiple sampling chambers 137, and a driving structure. The mounting block 135 is slidably disposed on the sampling shell 113, the rotating disk 136 is rotatably disposed on the mounting block 135, and the sampling chambers 137 have connecting valves and pressure balancing diaphragms. The multiple sampling chambers 137 are distributed on the rotating disk 136.

[0052] The mounting block 135 is slidably mounted on the inner wall or bottom guide rail of the sampling shell 113 to facilitate adjustment of the installation height of the rotating disk according to the position of the guide tube and the connector. After adjustment, the height of the rotating disk is fixed. During sampling, the rotating disk is rotated to precisely align the target sampling chamber 137 on the rotating disk 136 with the gas guide tube and the connector 116. After sampling, the rotating disk is rotated again to disengage from the connector 116, causing the connection valve to close automatically.

[0053] The rotating disk 136 is rotatably mounted on the mounting block 135 via high-precision bearings. It has an overall disc-shaped structure with multiple sampling chambers 137 evenly distributed circumferentially on its surface. Each sampling chamber 137 is an independent, sealed container unit made of corrosion-resistant, low-absorption materials (such as borosilicate glass, stainless steel, or Teflon lining). Its internal volume can be customized according to monitoring requirements (e.g., 50 mL, 100 mL, or 250 mL). Each sampling chamber 137 is equipped with a connecting valve and a pressure balancing membrane. The connecting valve is a normally closed solenoid valve or a mechanical check valve, opened only during sampling or vacuuming to ensure complete sealing of the chamber when not in operation, preventing sample leakage or infiltration of external gases. The pressure balancing membrane is a flexible polymer film (such as polyimide or fluororubber membrane), located on the top or side wall of the chamber. It is used to fine-tune the internal and external pressure difference during transportation or temperature changes, preventing chamber deformation or sealing failure due to thermal expansion and contraction, without affecting its airtightness.

[0054] The drive structure includes a second gear 139, a second support gear ring 140, and a third motor 141. The second support gear ring 140 is fixed on the rotating disk 136, the second gear 139 is rotatably mounted on the sampling shell 113, and the output end of the third motor 141 is connected to the second support gear ring 140.

[0055] The second support gear ring 140 is fixedly installed on the outer edge or bottom surface of the rotating disk 136, forming a complete annular transmission gear. The second gear 139 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall support of the sampling shell 113 and meshes with the second support gear ring 140. The third motor 141 is fixed inside the sampling shell 113, and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the second gear 139 (or driven through a coupling). When the control system issues a switching command, the third motor 141 starts, driving the second gear 139 to rotate, which in turn drives the second support gear ring 140 and the rotating disk 136 fixed thereto to rotate. Through feedback from the encoder or Hall sensor, the system can precisely control the rotation angle so that the next sampling chamber 137 to be used is accurately aligned with the position of the gas guide tube and the connector 116, realizing a fully automatic sequential sampling process of sampling one chamber and rotating one position.

[0056] Second Embodiment Please see Figure 7 The present invention also provides an air sampling method for environmental monitoring, comprising: S201 controls the winding motor 108 to release the lifting rope 106, and drives the sampling component 103 to move to the designated height through the helium air bag 104. Before the sampling task begins, the system first sends an ascent command to the control unit inside the placement platform 101 based on the preset sampling height (e.g., 10 meters, 50 meters, 100 meters above ground) or real-time environmental requirements (e.g., the location of the inversion layer or pollution diffusion layer). The control unit then starts the winding motor 108, putting it into rope-releasing mode, and slowly releases the lifting rope 106 wound on the winding roller 107. At the same time, the helium bladder 104, pre-filled with an appropriate amount of helium, uses its buoyancy to pull the sampling installation platform 105 and the sampling component 103 integrated thereon upwards. During this process, the system can monitor the current height in real time using the built-in barometric altimeter, GPS module, or laser rangefinder, and dynamically adjust the rope-releasing speed of the winding motor 108 and the working status of the micro-compression pump 124—for example, slowing down the ascent speed when approaching the target height, or achieving hovering stability by fine-tuning the air pressure inside the helium bladder 104. This dual-mode ascent mechanism (electric rope deployment + buoyancy assistance) not only reduces energy consumption but also significantly improves the accuracy of altitude positioning and the platform's resistance to wind disturbance.

[0057] S202 starts vacuum pump 115 to draw sampling container 112 to the preset vacuum level; Once the sampling assembly 103 stabilizes at the target height, the system automatically triggers the sampling preparation process. First, the attitude adjustment unit ensures that the sampling housing 113 is horizontal, with the air inlet facing the incoming flow direction. Then, the sampling chamber 137 on the rotating disk 136 is precisely aligned with the connector 116. At this point, the connector 116 and the sampling chamber 137 achieve a sealed connection. An annular groove is provided on the end face of the connector 116 or the interface of the sampling chamber 137, and a corrosion-resistant and aging-resistant elastic sealing ring (such as an O-ring or flat washer, made of materials such as fluororubber or silicone rubber) is embedded. When the connector 116 and the sampling chamber 137 are connected, the sealing ring undergoes elastic deformation under pressure, filling the tiny gap between them to form a reliable static seal. This solution is simple in structure, low in cost, and provides good sealing performance, suitable for medium-low vacuum to medium-high vacuum environments. The system then starts the vacuum pump 115 to evacuate the inside of the sampling chamber 137 through the connector 116. After vacuum sampling, the vacuum pump is turned off, creating a vacuum state only within the sampling chamber. Therefore, the sampling gas will not enter the vacuum pump area. The vacuuming process is monitored in real-time by a pressure sensor until a preset reference vacuum level (e.g., ≤100 Pa or near-complete vacuum, depending on the monitoring standard) is reached within the chamber. This step aims to thoroughly remove any residual air or other gases from the chamber, preventing cross-contamination and ensuring the purity and representativeness of the collected sample. It is particularly suitable for high-precision analysis of trace pollutants (such as VOCs and greenhouse gases).

[0058] S203 starts the sampling pump 110, allowing air at the corresponding altitude to enter the sampling container 112 through the air inlet pipe 109 for storage.

[0059] After confirming that the sampling chamber 137 has reached the required vacuum level, the system opens the connection valve of the chamber and starts the sampling pump 110. External air, after being filtered for large particles by the insect screen 131 at the inlet of the air inlet pipe 109, flows sequentially through the air inlet pipe 109, the sampling pump 110, and the gas guide pipe, and is finally introduced into the evacuated sampling chamber 137. During this process, the miniature differential pressure sensor 132 built into the sampling pump 110 continuously monitors the pipeline differential pressure, and the high-precision mass flow controller 133 dynamically adjusts the speed of the variable frequency vacuum pump 134 accordingly to ensure a constant standard volumetric flow rate (e.g., 1 L / min at 25°C, 1 atm) under different atmospheric densities and temperatures. When the sampled volume reaches the preset value (e.g., 100 L of standard state air) or the sampling time ends, the system automatically closes the connection valve, stops the sampling pump 110, and records metadata such as sampling time, altitude, temperature, air pressure, and flow rate. Subsequently, the mounting block 135 retracts, and the third motor 141 drives the rotating disk 136 to switch to the next sampling chamber 137, preparing for the next round of sampling at different heights or time periods.

[0060] The above description discloses only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An air sampling device for environmental monitoring, characterized in that, The system includes a placement platform, an airlift platform, and a sampling assembly. The airlift platform includes a helium gas chamber, a sampling mounting platform, a lifting rope, a winding roller, and a winding motor. The winding motor is fixed inside the placement platform. One end of the lifting rope is connected to the output end of the winding motor, and the other end of the lifting rope is connected to the sampling mounting platform. The helium gas chamber is connected to the sampling mounting platform. The sampling assembly includes an inlet pipe, a sampling pump, a gas guide pipe, a sampling container, a sampling shell, a vacuum pump, and a connector. The sampling shell is fixed on the sampling mounting platform. The sampling container is rotatably disposed within the sampling shell. The gas guide pipe is slidably disposed on the sampling shell for connection to the sampling container. The sampling pump is connected to the gas guide pipe, and the inlet pipe is connected to the sampling pump. The connector is slidably disposed on the sampling shell for connection to the sampling container. The vacuum pump is connected to the connector. The sampling container includes a mounting block, a rotating disk, multiple sampling chambers, and a driving structure. The mounting block is slidably disposed on the sampling shell, and the rotating disk is rotatably disposed on the mounting block. Each sampling chamber has a connecting valve and a pressure balancing diaphragm. Multiple sampling chambers are distributed on the rotating disk. The driving structure includes a second gear, a second support gear ring, and a third motor. The second support gear ring is fixed on the rotating disk, and the second gear is rotatably disposed on the sampling shell. The output end of the third motor is connected to the second support gear ring.

2. The air sampling device for environmental monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The placement platform includes a placement platform body, a baffle, a moving wheel, and a locking structure. The baffle is rotatably mounted on the placement platform body, the moving wheel is rotatably mounted below the placement platform body, and the locking structure is mounted on the placement platform body.

3. The air sampling device for environmental monitoring as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The locking structure includes a locking rod, a support spring, and a triangular block. The locking rod is slidably mounted on the placement platform body. The support spring provides support for the locking rod. The triangular block is fixed to the locking rod and located on one side of the baffle. When the baffle is closed, it contacts the triangular block to push the locking rod back open.

4. An air sampling device for environmental monitoring as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The helium gasbag has a miniature compression pump, which is used to adjust the internal air pressure to compensate for changes in atmospheric density at different altitudes.

5. An air sampling device for environmental monitoring as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting platform also includes an attitude adjustment unit, which includes a support gear ring, a sliding block, an adjusting gear, a second motor, and adjusting blades. The support gear ring is fixed to one side of the sampling mounting platform. The sliding block is slidably disposed on the support gear ring. The adjusting gear is rotatably disposed on the sliding block and meshes with the support gear ring. The output end of the second motor is connected to the adjusting gear. The adjusting blades are disposed on the sliding block.

6. An air sampling device for environmental monitoring as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The air intake pipe includes a pipe body and an insect-proof net, with the insect-proof net located at the inlet of the pipe body.

7. An air sampling device for environmental monitoring as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The sampling pump includes a miniature differential pressure sensor, a high-precision mass flow controller, and a variable frequency air pump. The miniature differential pressure sensor is used to acquire air pressure change values, and the high-precision mass flow controller is used to control the variable frequency air pump based on the air pressure change values.

8. An air sampling method for environmental monitoring, employing an air sampling device for environmental monitoring as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: The winding motor is controlled to release the lifting rope, and the sampling component is moved to the designated height via the helium airbag; Start the vacuum pump to evacuate the sampling container to the preset vacuum level; Start the sampling pump to allow air at the corresponding altitude to enter the sampling container through the air inlet pipe and be stored there.

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