Display panel and vehicle display

Abstract

The invention discloses a display panel which comprises a first display area and a second display area. The first display area comprises a plurality of first pixel circuits, a plurality of second pixel circuits and a plurality of first light emitting diodes. The first pixel circuits are configured to drive the first light emitting diodes according to a first cross voltage. The second display area comprises a plurality of second light emitting diodes. The second pixel circuits extend from the first display area to the second display area through a plurality of wires and drive the second light-emitting diodes according to a second cross voltage, and the second cross voltage is larger than the first cross voltage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a display and a display panel, and more particularly to a display panel suitable for automotive displays. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, to achieve a true full-screen effect, Under Display Camera (UDC) technology has been proposed, which hides the camera beneath the display panel. UDC technology uses pixel design to transform the area in front of the camera from a through-hole structure into an area capable of displaying the image. However, the light transmittance of the UDC area significantly affects the camera's image quality, and this transmittance depends on the pixel density and pixel structure design of the UDC area.

[0003] Taking a transmissive micro-light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) display as an example, its UDC (Ultra-Dielectric Color Transmittance) area pixel design includes a wiring area, a component area (or island area), and a transmissive area. When the pixel density (Pixels Per Inch, PPI) increases from 100 PPI to 200 PPI, the light transmittance of the UDC area decreases significantly. Furthermore, since the area ratio of thin-film transistor (TFT) circuits is higher than that of Micro-LED light-emitting elements, applying UDC technology in high-pixel-density displays will face challenges if the circuit size cannot be reduced or the circuit design cannot be changed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the embodiments disclosed herein provide a display panel including a first display area and a second display area. The first display area includes a plurality of first pixel circuits, a plurality of second pixel circuits, and a plurality of first light-emitting diodes (LEDs). These first pixel circuits are configured to drive the first LEDs according to a first voltage across the diodes. The second display area includes a plurality of second LEDs. These second pixel circuits extend from the first display area to the second display area through a plurality of wires and drive the second LEDs according to a second voltage across the diodes, wherein the second voltage across the diodes is greater than the first voltage across the diodes.

[0005] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, the first cross voltage is the voltage difference between the first system high voltage and the system low voltage, the second cross voltage is the voltage difference between the second system high voltage and the system low voltage, and the first system high voltage is less than the second system high voltage.

[0006] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, each of these second pixel circuits is coupled between the cathode of a corresponding second light-emitting diode and a system low voltage via a wire, and the anode of each of these second light-emitting diodes is coupled to a second system high voltage via a wire.

[0007] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, these second pixel circuits consist of a plurality of N-type transistors and at least one capacitor.

[0008] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, the wires coupled to the second light-emitting diodes have an anode equivalent voltage drop and a cathode equivalent voltage drop, and the relationship between the high voltage of the first system and the high voltage of the second system is as follows: .in, For the first system high voltage, For the second system high voltage, This is the equivalent voltage drop at the anode. This is the equivalent voltage drop at the cathode.

[0009] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, the first trans-voltage is the voltage difference between the system high voltage and the first system low voltage, the second trans-voltage is the voltage difference between the system high voltage and the second system low voltage, and the first system low voltage is greater than the second system low voltage.

[0010] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, each of these second pixel circuits is coupled to the anode of a corresponding second light-emitting diode via a wire, and the cathode of each of these second light-emitting diodes is coupled to a second system low voltage via a wire.

[0011] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, these second pixel circuits consist of a plurality of P-type transistors and at least one capacitor.

[0012] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, the wires coupling the second light-emitting diodes have an anode equivalent voltage drop and a cathode equivalent voltage drop, and the relationship between the low voltage of the first system and the low voltage of the second system is as follows: .in, For the first system low voltage, For the second system low voltage, This is the equivalent voltage drop at the anode. This is the equivalent voltage drop at the cathode.

[0013] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, the relationship between the anode equivalent voltage drop of these second light-emitting diodes and the width of the second display area is as follows: .in, This represents the thin-film resistance of the conductor. The distance occupied by the conductor from the second pixel circuit to the second light-emitting diode in the second display area. This represents the width of the conductor's trace. This refers to the drive current flowing through each of these second light-emitting diodes during the driving process.

[0014] According to the embodiments disclosed herein, the relationship between the cathode equivalent voltage drop and the width of the second display area is as follows: in, The total drive current flowing through the cathodes of these second light-emitting diodes, This is the total width of the second display area. For pixel spacing, The number of each of the second light-emitting diodes of each color contained in each pixel.

[0015] The embodiments disclosed herein provide an automotive display comprising a display panel as described in any of the foregoing embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To make the above and other features, advantages and embodiments disclosed herein more readily understood, the accompanying drawings are described below:

[0017] Figure 1 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the display panel and a specific area thereof, as shown in the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a specific area of ​​the display panel shown according to the first embodiment of this disclosure;

[0019] Figure 3A This is a circuit diagram of the first pixel circuit and the first light-emitting diode located in the first display area according to the first embodiment of this disclosure;

[0020] Figure 3B This is a circuit diagram illustrating the second pixel circuit located in the first display area and the second light-emitting diode located in the second display area according to the first embodiment of this disclosure;

[0021] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a specific area of ​​the display panel shown according to the second embodiment of this disclosure;

[0022] Figure 5A This is a circuit diagram of the first pixel circuit and the first light-emitting diode located in the first display area according to the second embodiment of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 5B This is a circuit diagram illustrating the second pixel circuit located in the first display area and the second light-emitting diode located in the second display area according to the second embodiment of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of the second display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a display panel having multiple second display areas of different sizes according to an embodiment of this disclosure; and

[0026] Figure 8This is a comparison chart of the power consumption ratio of display panels with single-system low voltage and display panels with dual-system low voltage.

[0027] In the attached figures, the following labels are used:

[0028] 100, 100A, 100B: Display panels

[0029] 110, 110A, 110B: First pixel circuit

[0030] 120, 120A, 120B: Second pixel circuit

[0031] 200: Display panel

[0032] A1: First display area

[0033] A2, A21, A22: Second display area

[0034] C1A, C1B, C2A, C2B: Capacitors

[0035] Data: Data voltage

[0036] EM: Light emission control signal

[0037] I LED1 , I LED2 Drive current

[0038] L: Total width

[0039] L1: First width

[0040] L2: Second width

[0041] LED1: First light-emitting diode

[0042] LED2: Second light-emitting diode

[0043] R ITO_Cathode Cathode equivalent impedance

[0044] R ITO_Anode Anode equivalent impedance

[0045] S1: Scan signal

[0046] T11A~T13A: Transistors

[0047] T21A~T23A: Transistors

[0048] T11B~T13B: Transistors

[0049] T21B~T23B: Transistors

[0050] VDD, VDD1, VDD2: System high voltage

[0051] VSS, VSS1, VSS2: System low voltage Detailed Implementation

[0052] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing the various features disclosed. The embodiments of components and configurations described below are merely examples and are not intended to be limiting. Furthermore, for simplicity and clarity, reference numerals and / or designations are repeated in the examples, but this does not in itself limit the relationships between the various embodiments and / or components discussed.

[0053] In the accompanying drawings, the thicknesses of layers, films, panels, regions, etc., are enlarged for clarity. It should be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly on or connected to the other element, or intermediate elements may also be present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly connected" to another element, no intermediate elements are present. As used herein, "connection" can refer to a physical and / or electrical connection. Furthermore, "electrical connection" or "coupling" may mean the presence of other elements between two elements.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a display panel 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The display panel 100 includes a first display area A1 and a second display area A2. The first display area A1 is the main display area, used to output images, text, or multimedia screens, providing users with a daily operating interface and primary visual experience. The second display area A2 is a display area for the application of an Under Display Camera (UDC), allowing the camera module to image through the display panel while maintaining the display function, thereby realizing the lens-hidden application.

[0055] like Figure 1As shown in the enlarged block diagram, a first display area A1 surrounds a second display area A2, and includes several first pixel circuits 110, several second pixel circuits 120, and several first light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 1. The first pixel circuits 110 in the first display area A1 drive the first LEDs 1, also located in the first display area A1, according to a first voltage transduction. The second display area A2 includes several second LEDs 2, and the second pixel circuits 120 extend from the first display area A1 to the second display area A2 via several wires (not shown), driving the second LEDs 2 located in the second display area A2 according to a second voltage transduction.

[0056] In the disclosed embodiment, all pixel circuits are removed from the second display area A2, which serves as the UDC region, and are only configured in the first display area A1, which serves as the main display area. This design significantly improves the light transmittance of the second display area A2, thereby ensuring that the second display area A2 has better camera imaging performance. In this embodiment, the wires extending from the first display area A1 to the second display area A2 use indium tin oxide (ITO) as the electrode interconnect material to further improve light transmittance and reduce the impact on light penetration.

[0057] In addition, this disclosure sets the first and second cross voltages as independent voltages, and makes the second cross voltage greater than the first cross voltage, so as to ensure that the second pixel circuit 120 has sufficient driving capability to drive the second light-emitting diode LED2 located in the second display area A2, while avoiding unnecessary increase in power consumption of the first display area A1.

[0058] Specifically, since the second pixel circuit 120 extends to the second display area A2 via wires, the voltage drop across the wires may cause a shift in the operating voltage of its internal transistors, thereby increasing the required drive voltage. If the first display area A1 and the second display area A2 share the same drive voltage, the overall drive voltage must be increased simultaneously to meet the requirements of the second pixel circuit 120, resulting in increased power consumption for both the first pixel circuit 110 and the second pixel circuit 120. Therefore, this disclosure, by setting the first and second drive voltages as independent voltages, can not only effectively compensate for the insufficient drive problem in the second display area A2 caused by the wire voltage drop, but also avoid increased power consumption in the first display area A1.

[0059] In automotive display applications, the display panel 100 disclosed herein can be configured in a center information display (CID), digital instrument cluster, passenger-side display area, and / or a display module integrated with an in-vehicle camera module, etc., to meet the low power consumption requirements of automotive display systems that need to operate for extended periods and the camera imaging quality under high light transmittance.

[0060] First Embodiment

[0061] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a specific area of ​​the display panel 100A shown according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. In this embodiment, the first cross voltage is the voltage difference between the system high voltage VDD (not shown) and the first system low voltage VSS1, the second cross voltage is the voltage difference between the system high voltage VDD and the second system low voltage VSS2, and the first system low voltage VSS1 is greater than the second system low voltage VSS2.

[0062] The independent design of the first system low voltage VSS1 and the second system low voltage VSS2 forms two independent voltage transects, which respectively control the first light-emitting diode LED1 configured in the first display area A1 and the second light-emitting diode LED2 configured in the second display area A2. In this way, the second pixel circuit 120A located in the second display area A2 can obtain a higher driving capability to compensate for the voltage offset caused by the voltage drop of the wires, and avoids increasing the voltage transect applied to the first display area A1 to meet this requirement, thereby effectively avoiding additional power consumption in the first display area A1.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 3A , Figure 3A This is a circuit diagram illustrating the first pixel circuit 110A and the first light-emitting diode LED1 located in the first display area A1 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. It should be understood that the first display area A1 includes multiple... Figure 3A The first pixel circuit 110A and the first light-emitting diode LED1 shown here are described here for the sake of simplicity in the diagram and description, focusing only on one set of the first pixel circuit 110A and the first light-emitting diode LED1 coupled to it.

[0064] The first pixel circuit 110A is coupled between the anode of the first light-emitting diode LED1 and the system high voltage VDD, and includes several transistors T11A~T13A and at least one capacitor C1A, while the cathode of the first light-emitting diode LED1 is coupled to the first system low voltage VSS1.

[0065] In detail, the first terminal of transistor T11A is coupled to the system high voltage VDD; the first terminal of transistor T12A is coupled to the data voltage Data, and its second terminal is coupled to the control terminal of transistor T11A, which is also coupled to the scan signal S1; the first terminal of transistor T13A is coupled to the second terminal of transistor T11A, which is coupled to the anode of the first light-emitting diode LED1, and its control terminal is coupled to the light-emitting control signal EM; the first terminal of capacitor C1A is coupled to the system high voltage VDD, and its second terminal is coupled to the control terminal of transistor T11A. Through the coordinated operation of transistors T11A~T13A and capacitor C1A, the first pixel circuit 110A can sequentially realize data writing, voltage compensation, and light-emitting control functions, and generate a driving current I flowing through the first light-emitting diode LED1 during the driving phase. LED1 .

[0066] Please refer to Figure 3B , Figure 3B This is a circuit diagram illustrating the second pixel circuit 120A located in the first display area A1 and the second light-emitting diode LED2 located in the second display area A2, according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. It should be understood that the first display area A1 includes multiple such... Figure 3B The second pixel circuit 120A shown is illustrated, and the second display area A2 includes multiple such... Figure 3B The second light-emitting diode LED2 shown here is for simplification in diagram and description, focusing only on a set of second pixel circuits 120A and the second light-emitting diode LED2 coupled thereto. The second pixel circuit 120A is coupled to the anode of the second light-emitting diode LED2 via a wire, and the cathode of the second light-emitting diode LED2 is coupled to the second system low voltage VSS2 via a wire.

[0067] In detail, the second pixel circuit 120A has an architecture similar to that of the first pixel circuit 110A. The first terminal of transistor T21A is coupled to the system high voltage VDD; the first terminal of transistor T22A is coupled to the data voltage Data, and the second terminal is coupled to the control terminal of transistor T21A, which is also coupled to the scan signal S1; the first terminal of transistor T23A is coupled to the second terminal of transistor T21A, and the control terminal is coupled to the light emission control signal EM; the first terminal of capacitor C is coupled to the system high voltage VDD, and the second terminal is coupled to the control terminal of transistor T21A.

[0068] The difference between the second pixel circuit 120A and the first pixel circuit 110A is that the second terminal of transistor T23A is coupled to the anode of the second light-emitting diode LED2 via a wire, and the cathode of the second light-emitting diode LED2 is coupled to the second system low voltage VSS2 via a wire. Through the coordinated operation of transistors T21A~T23A and capacitor C2A, the second pixel circuit 120A can sequentially perform data writing, voltage compensation, and light emission control functions, and generate a driving current I flowing through the second light-emitting diode LED2 during the driving phase. LED2 .

[0069] Specifically, since the second pixel circuit 120A drives the second light-emitting diode LED2 located in the second display area A2 through wires, and the two ends of the second light-emitting diode LED2 also contain the equivalent impedance of the wires, which are the cathode equivalent impedances respectively. and anode equivalent impedance .

[0070] In the embodiments disclosed herein where the first light-emitting diode LED1 and the second light-emitting diode LED2 are micro-light-emitting diodes, since the driving current of a micro-light-emitting diode is only in the microampere (µA) range, which is nearly three orders of magnitude larger than that of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), the voltage drop caused by the indium tin oxide (ITO) conductor is relatively more significant. Cathode equivalent impedance and anode equivalent impedance The resulting voltage drop will shift the operating voltage of the driving transistor from the saturation region to the linear region, causing the slope of the emission current to be affected by the drain-source transverse voltage V. DS This can affect the brightness and color of the micro LEDs, and in more severe cases, it can reduce the current I flowing through the driving transistor. DS It may be extremely small or even close to zero.

[0071] Therefore, this embodiment adopts a dual-system low-voltage (VSS) design, dividing the display panel into two supply terminals. The first system low-voltage (VSS1) is responsible for the first display area A1, which is the main display area, and the second system low-voltage (VSS2) is responsible for the second display area A2, which is the UDC area. The advantage of this is that, since the anode and cathode of the first light-emitting diode (LED1) in the first display area A1 are not interconnected by indium tin oxide (ITO) wires, the voltage of the first system low-voltage (VSS1) can be set to be higher than that of the second system low-voltage (VSS2). This limits the increased power consumption to the second display area A2, while the first display area A1 avoids unnecessary losses.

[0072] The power consumption loss P11 of the first pixel circuit 110A and the first light-emitting diode LED1, and the power consumption loss P12 of the second pixel circuit 120A and the second light-emitting diode LED2 can be expressed as follows:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] As shown in the above equation for power loss, when the first LED1 and the second LED2 are driven by the same current, the power loss P12 will be greater than the power loss P11. In other words, the first display area A1 retains the power loss caused by the original low voltage VSS1 of the first system, while only the second display area A2 will experience increased power consumption due to the low voltage VSS2 of the second system. Therefore, the second display area A2 not only maintains its light transmittance but also does not excessively increase the overall power consumption of the display panel 100A.

[0076] Second Embodiment

[0077] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a specific area of ​​the display panel 100B according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. In this embodiment, the first trans-voltage is the voltage difference between the first system high voltage VDD1 and the system low voltage VSS (not shown), the second trans-voltage is the voltage difference between the second system high voltage VDD2 and the system low voltage VSS, and the first system high voltage VDD1 is less than the second system high voltage VDD2.

[0078] The independent design of the first system high voltage VDD1 and the second system high voltage VDD2 forms two independent voltage levels, which respectively control the first light-emitting diode LED1 configured in the first display area A1 and the second light-emitting diode LED2 configured in the second display area A2. In this way, the second pixel circuit 120B located in the second display area A2 can obtain a higher driving capability to compensate for the voltage deviation caused by the voltage drop of the wires, and avoids increasing the voltage level applied to the first display area A1 to meet this requirement, thereby effectively avoiding additional power consumption in the first display area A1.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 5A , Figure 5A This is a circuit diagram illustrating the first pixel circuit 110B and the first light-emitting diode LED1 located in the first display area A1 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. It should be understood that the first display area A1 includes multiple... Figure 5A The first pixel circuit 110B and the first light-emitting diode LED1 shown are described here for the sake of simplicity in the diagram and description, focusing only on one set of the first pixel circuit 110B and the first light-emitting diode LED1 coupled to it.

[0080] The first pixel circuit 110B is coupled between the cathode of the first light-emitting diode LED1 and the system low voltage VSS, and includes several transistors T11B~T13B and at least one capacitor C1B, while the anode of the first light-emitting diode LED1 is coupled to the first system high voltage VDD1.

[0081] In detail, the first terminal of transistor T11B is coupled to the cathode of the first light-emitting diode LED1; the first terminal of transistor T12B is coupled to the data voltage Data, and its second terminal is coupled to the control terminal of transistor T11B, which is also coupled to the scan signal S1; the first terminal of transistor T13B is coupled to the second terminal of transistor T11B, which is coupled to the system low voltage VSS, and its control terminal is coupled to the light-emitting control signal EM; the first terminal of capacitor C1B is coupled to the control terminal of transistor T11B, and its second terminal is also coupled to the second terminal of transistor T11B. Through the coordinated operation of transistors T11B~T13B and capacitor C1B, the first pixel circuit 110B can sequentially realize data writing, voltage compensation, and light-emitting control functions, and generate a driving current I flowing through the first light-emitting diode LED1 during the driving phase. LED1 .

[0082] Please refer to Figure 5B , Figure 5B This is a circuit diagram illustrating the second pixel circuit 120B located in the first display area A1 and the second light-emitting diode LED2 located in the second display area A2, according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. It should be understood that the first display area A1 includes multiple such... Figure 5B The second pixel circuit 120B shown is illustrated, and the second display area A2 includes multiple such... Figure 5B The second light-emitting diode LED2 shown here is for simplification in diagram and description, focusing only on a set of second pixel circuits 120B and the second light-emitting diode LED2 coupled thereto. The second pixel circuit 120B is coupled to the cathode of the second light-emitting diode LED2 via a wire, and the anode of the second light-emitting diode LED2 is coupled to the second system high voltage VDD2 via a wire.

[0083] In detail, the second pixel circuit 120B has an architecture similar to that of the first pixel circuit 110B. The first terminal of its transistor T22B is coupled to the data voltage Data, and the second terminal is coupled to the control terminal of transistor T21B, which is also coupled to the scan signal S1. The first terminal of transistor T23B is coupled to the second terminal of transistor T21B, which is coupled to the system low voltage VSS, and the control terminal is coupled to the light emission control signal EM. The first terminal of capacitor C2B is coupled to the control terminal of transistor T21B, and the second terminal is coupled to the second terminal of transistor T21B.

[0084] The difference between the second pixel circuit 120B and the first pixel circuit 110B is that the first terminal of transistor T21B is coupled to the cathode of the second light-emitting diode LED2 via a wire, and the anode of the second light-emitting diode LED2 is coupled to the second system high voltage VDD2 via a wire. Through the coordinated operation of transistors T21B~T23B and capacitor C2B, the second pixel circuit 120B can sequentially perform functions such as data writing, voltage compensation, and light emission control, and generate a driving current I flowing through the second light-emitting diode LED2 during the driving phase. LED2 .

[0085] Specifically, since the second pixel circuit 120B drives the second light-emitting diode LED2 located in the second display area A2 through wires, and the two ends of the second light-emitting diode LED2 also contain the equivalent impedance of the wires, which are the cathode equivalent impedances respectively. and anode equivalent impedance Similarly, the cathode equivalent impedance and anode equivalent impedance The resulting voltage drop will cause the operating voltage of the driving transistor to shift from the saturation region to the linear region, resulting in uneven brightness and color of the micro LED.

[0086] Therefore, this embodiment adopts a dual-system high-voltage VDD design, dividing the display panel into two supply terminals. The first system high-voltage VDD1 is responsible for the first display area A1, which is the main display area, and the second system high-voltage VDD2 is responsible for the second display area A2, which is the UDC area. The advantage of this is that, since there is no indium tin oxide wire connecting the anode and cathode of the first light-emitting diode LED1 in the first display area A1, the voltage of the first system high-voltage VDD1 can be set to be lower than that of the second system high-voltage VDD2. This limits the increased power consumption to the second display area A2, while the first display area A1 avoids unnecessary losses.

[0087] The power consumption loss P21 of the first pixel circuit 110B and the first light-emitting diode LED1, and the power consumption loss P22 of the second pixel circuit 120B and the second light-emitting diode LED2 can be expressed as follows:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] As shown in the above equation for power loss, when the first LED1 and the second LED2 are driven by the same current, the power loss P22 will be greater than the power loss P21. In other words, the first display area A1 retains the power loss caused by the original high voltage VDD1 of the first system, while only the second display area A2 will experience increased power consumption due to the high voltage VDD2 of the second system. Therefore, the second display area A2 not only maintains its light transmittance but also does not excessively increase the overall power consumption of the display panel 100B.

[0091] In the display panel 100 disclosed herein, the area size and / or width of the second display area A2 may depend on the cathode equivalent impedance of the second light-emitting diode LED2. and anode equivalent impedance The value. Please refer to... Figure 6 In the example, the second display area A2 is circular, and its total width is... Total width Can be the first width Second width The sum of the first widths This indicates the distance between the second pixel circuit 120 and the second light-emitting diode LED2, that is, the distance occupied by the wire extending from the second pixel circuit 120 to the second light-emitting diode LED2 in the second display area A2.

[0092] In the embodiments disclosed herein, the second pixel circuit 120 is positioned close to the edge of the second display area A2 in the first display area A1 to minimize the influence of the conductors. In the embodiments disclosed herein, the first width... Greater than or equal to the second width In other embodiments, the second display area A2 may be designed in other shapes as required by the actual application, including but not limited to rhombus, rectangle, square or ellipse.

[0093] The equivalent impedance of the wires at both ends of the second light-emitting diode LED2 It can be represented as:

[0094]

[0095] in The cathode equivalent impedance of the conductor at the cathode terminal of the second light-emitting diode LED2 is given. The equivalent anode impedance of the conductor at the anode terminal of the second light-emitting diode LED2 is given.

[0096] The anode equivalent voltage drop of the second light-emitting diode LED2 The first width of the second display area The relation is:

[0097]

[0098] in This represents the thin-film resistance of the conductor. This represents the width of the conductor's trace. This refers to the driving current flowing through the second light-emitting diode LED2 during the driving period.

[0099] The above equations can be used to calculate the first width of each second light-emitting diode LED2 and the second display area A2, respectively. The relationship between them. Taking the red second light-emitting diode LED2 as an example, it can be further expressed based on the above equation as:

[0100]

[0101] in The equivalent voltage drop of the anode of the second red light-emitting diode LED2 is... The distance occupied by the corresponding second pixel circuit 120 to the red second light-emitting diode LED2 in the second display area A2. This represents the width of the conductor's trace. The driving current flowing through each of the red second light-emitting diodes (LED2) during the driving period, The equivalent anode impedance of these wires at the anode end of the red second light-emitting diode LED2.

[0102] The cathode equivalent voltage drop of the second light-emitting diode LED2 Total width of the second display area The relation is:

[0103]

[0104] In the above relation, This is the total driving current flowing through the cathode of all the second LEDs (i.e., the sum of the luminous currents of all the red, blue, and green second LEDs on the cathode wire). This refers to the pixel pitch. The individual number of each color second light-emitting diode (LED2) contained in each pixel. This represents the driving current flowing through each of the three colors of the second LED2. 'n' represents the different lighting states of the RGB second LED2. Here, the lighting state can be understood as the lighting current. The meaning of the above formula is the number of red second LED2s on each row of cathode wires in the UDC area multiplied by the corresponding lighting current, or the number of green second LED2s on each row of cathode wires in the UDC area multiplied by the corresponding lighting current, or the number of blue second LED2s on each row of cathode wires in the UDC area multiplied by the corresponding lighting current.

[0105] Furthermore, if the red LED2 has different luminous currents, the values ​​for each luminous current need to be multiplied by the number of LEDs before summing. For example, if there are 10 pixels on the cathode end of the line, and each pixel contains one red LED2, one green LED2, and one blue LED2; if the luminous intensity of 5 red LEDs is L255, and the luminous intensity of the other 5 red LEDs is L32, then for the R part, the above formula can be written as 5*I. R_L255 + 5*I R_L32 .

[0106] In the display panel 100 disclosed herein, the set values ​​of the first and second cross voltages can also depend on the cathode equivalent impedance of the second light-emitting diode LED2. and anode equivalent impedance The value. Taking the dual-system low-voltage (VSS) design of display panel 100A as an example, the relationship between its first system low voltage VSS1 and second system low voltage VSS2 can be expressed as:

[0107]

[0108] Similarly, in the dual-system high-voltage VDD design of display panel 100B, a similar relationship can be derived between its first system high-voltage VDD1 and second system high-voltage VDD2, and expressed as follows:

[0109]

[0110] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of a display panel 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Unlike display panel 100, display panel 200 includes two second display areas A21 and A22, which have different sizes. In other embodiments, the same display panel includes more than two second display areas A2. It should be understood that the arrangement, number, size, shape, and location of the second display areas A2 can be varied according to actual application requirements, and this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0111] In embodiments with two second display areas A21 and A22 of different sizes, since the UDC drive requirements for both are different from those for the first display area A1, their required (VDD) values ​​are also different. VSS (Trans-suppression) may also present different design conditions.

[0112] Taking the setting of multiple independent system low voltages VSS as an example, in one embodiment, the VSS of the two second display areas A21 and A22 can be set to the third system low voltage VSS3, the VSS of the first display area A1 can be set to the first system low voltage VSS1, and the first system low voltage VSS1 can be made greater than the third system low voltage VSS3, so as to ensure that each display area can operate stably in the saturation region.

[0113] In another embodiment, the VSS of the second display area A21 can be set to the second system low voltage VSS2, the VSS of the second display area A22 can be set to the third system low voltage VSS3, and the VSS of the first display area A1 can be set to the first system low voltage VSS1. The first system low voltage VSS1 is greater than the second system low voltage VSS2, and the second system low voltage VSS2 is greater than the third system low voltage VSS3, so as to provide different trans-voltage control according to different area sizes, thereby ensuring that each display area can operate stably in the saturation region.

[0114] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This chart compares the power consumption ratio of display panels with single-system low voltage and display panels with dual-system low voltage. Figure 8It can be seen that in the first display area A1, the power consumption ratio using a single-system low-voltage VSS is close to 99.92%, while the power consumption ratio using a dual-system low-voltage VSS drops significantly to 38.12%. The dual-system display design can effectively reduce the power consumption of the first display area A1 by about 60%. In contrast, the power consumption ratio of the second display area A2 is extremely low, remaining at approximately 0.08% regardless of whether it is a single-system or dual-system design. Therefore, the dual-system low-voltage design has a significant effect on reducing the power consumption of the first display area A1, ensuring that the second display area A2 maintains light transmittance while significantly reducing the overall power consumption of the display panel 100.

[0115] In summary, the disclosed display panel and automotive display significantly improve the light transmittance of the second display area and ensure better image quality for the lower-display camera by removing the pixel circuit from the second display area (which serves as the UDC area) and placing it only in the first display area (which serves as the main display area). Simultaneously, the first and second voltage transducers are set as independent voltages in the voltage transducer design, with the second voltage transducer being greater than the first voltage transducer, to compensate for the voltage drop caused by the extension of wires to the second display area. This not only ensures that the second pixel circuit has sufficient driving capability to drive the LEDs in the second display area but also avoids unnecessary increases in power consumption in the first display area.

[0116] In summary, this disclosure can simultaneously take into account camera transmittance, display quality, and power efficiency, effectively improving the overall performance and reliability of display panels in multi-display area applications, and is particularly suitable for automotive displays that require low power consumption and high display quality.

[0117] Although this disclosure has been made above with various embodiments, it is not intended to limit this disclosure. Anyone skilled in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, Include: A first display area, comprising: Multiple first pixel circuits; Multiple second pixel circuits; and A plurality of first light-emitting diodes, wherein the first pixel circuitry is configured to drive the first light-emitting diodes according to a first voltage transducer; and A second display area, comprising: Multiple second light-emitting diodes, wherein the second pixel circuits extend from the first display area to the second display area through multiple wires, and drive the second light-emitting diodes according to a second voltage, wherein the second voltage is greater than the first voltage.

2. The display panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first voltage difference is the voltage difference between a first system high voltage and a system low voltage, the second voltage difference is the voltage difference between a second system high voltage and a system low voltage, and the first system high voltage is less than the second system high voltage.

3. The display panel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the second pixel circuits is coupled between the cathode of a corresponding second light-emitting diode and the low voltage of the system via the wires, and the anode of each of the second light-emitting diodes is coupled to the high voltage of the second system via the wires.

4. The display panel as described in claim 3, characterized in that, These second pixel circuits consist of multiple N-type transistors and at least one capacitor.

5. The display panel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The wires coupling the second LEDs have an anode equivalent voltage drop and a cathode equivalent voltage drop, and the relationship between the high voltage of the first system and the high voltage of the second system is as follows: in For the high voltage of the first system, For the high voltage of this second system, This is the equivalent voltage drop at the anode. This is the equivalent voltage drop of the cathode.

6. The display panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first cross voltage is the voltage difference between a system high voltage and a first system low voltage, the second cross voltage is the voltage difference between the system high voltage and a second system low voltage, and the first system low voltage is greater than the second system low voltage.

7. The display panel as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the second pixel circuits is coupled to the anode of a corresponding second light-emitting diode via the wires, and the cathode of each of the second light-emitting diodes is coupled to the low voltage of the second system via the wires.

8. The display panel as described in claim 7, characterized in that, These second pixel circuits consist of multiple P-type transistors and at least one capacitor.

9. The display panel as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The wires coupling the second LEDs have an anode equivalent voltage drop and a cathode equivalent voltage drop, and the relationship between the low voltage of the first system and the low voltage of the second system is as follows: in For the first system, low voltage, For the low voltage of this second system, This is the equivalent voltage drop at the anode. This is the equivalent voltage drop of the cathode.

10. The display panel as described in claim 5 or 9, characterized in that, The relationship between the equivalent anode voltage drop of each of the second light-emitting diodes and the width of the second display area is as follows: in These are the thin-film resistance values ​​of the wires. The distance occupied by these wires from the second pixel circuits to the second light-emitting diodes in the second display area. The width of these conductors. The driving current flowing through each of these second light-emitting diodes during the driving period, The equivalent anode impedance of these wires at the anode terminals of these second light-emitting diodes.

11. The display panel as described in claim 5 or 9, characterized in that, The relationship between the cathode equivalent voltage drop and the width of the second display area is as follows: in The total drive current flowing through the cathodes of these second light-emitting diodes, This is the total width of the second display area. For pixel spacing, The number of each of the second light-emitting diodes of each color contained in each pixel. The cathode equivalent impedance of these wires at the cathode terminals of these second light-emitting diodes. represents the driving current flowing through each of the three color second light-emitting diodes, and n represents the different light-emitting states of the three RGB second light-emitting diodes, with different light-emitting states corresponding to different light-emitting currents.

12. A vehicle display, characterized in that, It includes a display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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