Vertical straw stubble cutting device with telescopic moving cutter and controllable rotating direction of cutter shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to a vertical straw stubble cutting device with a telescopic movable cutter and a controllable rotating direction of a cutter shaft. The vertical straw stubble cutting device comprises a rack, a three-point suspension bracket, a fixed cutter shaft rotating matching device, a cutter shaft positive and negative rotation switching device and a movable cutter telescopic device. The cutter shaft forward and reverse rotation switching device is matched with the clutch reverser through the bevel gear set to drive the movable cutter shaft to achieve forward and reverse rotation flexible switching, cutting blind areas are eliminated through reverse shearing force, the cutting efficiency is improved, and entanglements are actively removed. The movable cutter telescopic device is integrated with a folding cutter and a gear chute mechanism, so that alternate telescopic operation of upper and lower layers of cutter heads is realized; during forward rotation, the upper cutter head stretches out, and the lower cutter head contracts; during reverse rotation, the upper cutterhead shrinks, the lower cutterhead stretches out, and interference of non-operation cutters is avoided. The fixed cutter shaft rotation matching device adjusts the angle of the double-edge fixed cutter through an electric push rod and a sliding groove mechanism, and precise shearing matching of the fixed cutter and the current movable cutter mode is achieved. The device only aims at stubbles on the ground, and the straw crushing rate and the operation adaptability are remarkably improved through cooperation of multiple mechanisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and mainly relates to a vertical straw stubble cutting device with controllable blade extension and retraction and blade shaft rotation direction. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional vertical straw stubble cutters have poor adaptability in actual operation, require a large amount of soil to be moved, and have problems such as incomplete cutting and easy tangling and clogging, resulting in root residue, soil compaction, and machine failure due to straw getting tangled in the blade shaft. They are difficult to meet the needs of modern agricultural precision production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems. This invention aims to solve the issues of insufficient cutting ability for tough stubble in existing vertical stubble cutting devices operating in a single forward rotation mode, leading to problems such as knocking down, missed cutting, and cutter shaft entanglement. To address the poor crushing effect caused by straw slippage or lodging during operation, this invention designs a mechanism that allows for free switching between forward and reverse rotation, enabling flexible switching to reverse mode when the cutting effect is unsatisfactory. This mode utilizes changes in the cutting trajectory of the cutter to achieve thorough crushing of stubborn stubble, while also actively clearing entanglement on the cutter shaft through reverse rotation, thereby significantly improving the stubble crushing rate.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A vertical straw stubble cutting device with controllable moving blade extension and retraction and blade shaft rotation includes a three-point suspension frame, a frame, a soil breaker, a fixed blade shaft rotation and engagement device, a blade shaft forward and reverse rotation switching device, and a moving blade extension and retraction device. The top of the frame is fixedly connected to the three-point suspension frame. The fixed blade shaft rotation and engagement device is provided on the top of the frame. The blade shaft forward and reverse rotation switching device and the moving blade extension and retraction device are arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the frame. The soil breaker is fixedly connected to the bottommost blade disc.

[0006] The fixed-blade shaft rotation engagement device includes a first electric actuator support, a fixed-blade rotating shaft, a fixed-blade rotating rod, a fixed-blade shaft, a double-edged serrated fixed blade, a first rotating shaft, and a first electric actuator device. A first battery, a first controller, the fixed-blade rotating shaft, and the first electric actuator support are fixedly mounted on the top of the frame. The first electric actuator device includes a first electric actuator support, a first electric actuator motor, a first electric actuator housing, and a first electric actuator piston rod. The first battery is connected to the first controller and the first electric actuator motor via wires. The first controller is connected to the first electric actuator piston rod via wires. The electric actuator motor is connected to the first electric actuator motor and the first electric actuator support is fixedly mounted. The first electric actuator piston rod is coaxially and slidably mounted inside the first electric actuator housing. The first electric actuator piston rod is hinged to the fixed tool rotating rod through the first rotating shaft. The rear end of the fixed tool rotating rod is hinged to the fixed tool rotating shaft. The front end of the fixed tool rotating rod is fixedly mounted to the fixed tool shaft. The fixed tool shaft is slidably mounted in the fixed tool rotating groove and cooperates with the groove. The double-edged serrated fixed tool is divided into four groups, each group having three layers of double-edged serrated fixed tools. The double-edged serrated fixed tools are fixedly mounted below the fixed tool shaft in a direction perpendicular to the moving tool shaft.

[0007] The cutter shaft forward / reverse switching device includes a drive motor, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a third bevel gear, an electric lifting claw, a clutch commutator, a bevel gear mounting bracket, a moving cutter shaft spline, a moving cutter shaft, a camera, a third battery, a bearing mounting base, and a second electric actuator device. The second controller, the second battery, the third battery, the bearing mounting base, and the second electric actuator device are fixedly mounted on the top surface inside the frame, while the drive motor is fixedly mounted on the side surface inside the frame. The second electric actuator device includes a second electric actuator motor, an electric lifting claw, and a second electric actuator housing. The second battery is connected to the second controller and the second electric actuator motor via wires, and the second controller is connected to the second electric actuator motor via wires. The upper end of the electric lifting claw is coaxially and slidably mounted on the second electric actuator housing, and the lower end of the electric lifting claw is rotatably mounted to the clutch commutator. The electric lifting claw is slidably mounted in a groove within the bevel gear mounting bracket. The camera is fixedly mounted on the top surface inside the frame. The third battery is connected to the drive motor and camera via wires. The drive motor is fixedly mounted coaxially to the drive shaft via a coupling. The other end of the drive shaft is fixedly mounted coaxially to the first bevel gear. The moving cutter shaft is rotatably mounted below the bearing mounting seat. The bevel gear bracket is rotatably mounted to the moving cutter shaft. The spline of the moving cutter shaft is fixedly mounted above the moving cutter shaft. The first, second, and third bevel gears are rotatably mounted on the bevel gear bracket. The first bevel gear meshes with the second and third bevel gears respectively. The second and third bevel gears are rotatably mounted coaxially to the moving cutter shaft. The clutch commutator is slidably mounted coaxially on the moving cutter shaft, and the spline groove inside the clutch commutator meshes with the spline of the moving cutter shaft.

[0008] The moving blade telescopic device includes a blade disc, a second rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft, a folding blade device, a blade telescopic device, a third electric push rod device, a fourth battery, and a third controller, which are fixedly installed inside the blade disc. The blade disc is coaxially fixed with the moving blade shaft. The aforementioned folding blade device includes a front folding blade, a rear folding blade, a folding blade holder, and a fourth rotating shaft. The front folding blade is hinged to the rear folding blade via the fourth rotating shaft. The rear folding blade is fixed to the folding blade holder via a pair of blade bolts and a blade nut. The folding blade holder is hinged to the blade disc via the second rotating shaft. The cutting edges of the front and rear folding blades are designed with a serrated structure. To improve cutting efficiency, the serrated area of ​​the front folding blade is set to be larger than that of the rear folding blade. The three folding blade devices are hinged to the blade disc at a 120° angle via the second rotating shaft. The aforementioned third electric actuator device includes a third electric actuator support, a third electric actuator motor, a third electric actuator housing, and a third electric actuator piston rod. The third electric actuator motor is fixedly connected to the third electric actuator support, and the third electric actuator piston rod is coaxially and slidably installed inside the third electric actuator housing. The third electric actuator piston rod is hinged to the front folding knife via a third rotating shaft. The fourth battery is connected to the third electric actuator motor via a wire passing through the rear folding knife. The third electric actuator motor is connected to the third controller via a wire. The knife extension device includes a rack and pinion slide, a knife retraction motor, a knife retraction gear, and a fifth rotating shaft. The fifth rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the folding knife holder and the knife retraction motor. The knife retraction motor is connected to the fourth battery and the third controller via a wire. The third controller is connected to the fourth battery. The output shaft of the knife retraction motor is coaxially fixedly mounted to the knife retraction gear. The knife retraction motor drives the knife retraction gear to rotate in both directions. The inner side of the rack and pinion slide is a rack, and the knife retraction gear meshes with the rack and pinion slide. The folding and telescopic mechanism of the folding knife device and the retraction of the gear slide groove of the knife telescopic mechanism work together to retract the knife. Four sets of moving knives are fixedly connected below the moving knife shaft. Each set of moving knives consists of upper and lower knife discs, and the upper and lower knife discs are installed in opposite directions, with the cutting edges in opposite directions. The installation relationship is the same as above.

[0009] Compared with existing devices, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention mainly includes a fixed blade shaft rotation and engagement device, a blade shaft forward and reverse rotation switching device, and a moving blade telescopic device; the fixed blade shaft rotation and engagement device uses a push rod sliding groove mechanism to rotate and fix the fixed blade shaft at a certain angle, thereby enabling dynamic engagement between the moving and fixed blades. The fixed blade adopts a double-edged cutting edge, which improves the adaptability to blades at different angles and positions and the quality of stubble cutting. Its controllability also improves the adaptability of the machine to different working environments; the blade shaft forward and reverse rotation switching device uses a camera to observe the cutting situation of the blades on the stubble and the situation of grass entanglement. During operation, the rotation direction of the moving blade shaft is switched in real time through a bevel gear reversing mechanism. The electric push rod moves the clutch up and down to change the rotation direction of the blade shaft, making the operation simple and quick; the moving blade telescopic device uses a double telescopic mechanism of a folding blade device and a blade telescopic device to retract the blade to prevent it from obstructing the cutting of the working blade. Through the upper and lower blade discs, one layer extends and the other retracts to cope with the forward and reverse rotation of the blade shaft and the rotation engagement of the fixed blade shaft. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0011] In the attached diagram:

[0012] Figure 1 A forward isometric drawing of a vertical straw stubble cutting device with controllable blade extension and retraction and blade shaft rotation.

[0013] Figure 2 Reverse isometric drawing of a vertical straw stubble cutting device with controllable blade extension and retraction and blade shaft rotation.

[0014] Figure 3 View of the tool axis forward / reverse switching device

[0015] Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the telescopic device for moving tools

[0016] Part numbers in the diagram: 1. Three-point suspension bracket; 2. First battery; 3. First controller; 4. First electric actuator motor; 5. First electric actuator housing; 6. First electric actuator piston rod; 7. First electric actuator support; 8. Fixed blade rotation shaft; 9. Fixed blade rotation rod; 10. Frame; 11. Drive motor; 12. First bevel gear; 13. Second bevel gear; 14. Third bevel gear; 15. Second controller; 16. Second electric actuator motor; 17. Electric lifting claw; 18. Clutch commutator; 19. Bevel gear fixing bracket; 20. Moving blade shaft spline; 21. Moving blade shaft; 22. Fixed blade shaft; 23. Double-edged serrated fixed blade; 24. Cutter disc; 25. Second rotating shaft; 26. Front folding blade. 27. Rear folding knife; 28. Third electric actuator support; 29. ​​Rack and pinion groove; 30. Fifth rotating shaft; 31. Folding knife holder; 32. Knife retraction motor; 33. First rotating shaft; 34. Soil breaker; 35. Fixed knife rotation groove; 36. Third rotating shaft; 37. Coupling; 38. Drive shaft; 39. Camera; 40. Second battery; 41. Third battery; 42. Bearing mounting seat; 43. Knife bolt; 44. Knife nut; 45. Third electric actuator motor; 46. Third electric actuator housing; 47. Third electric actuator piston rod; 48. Fourth battery; 49. Third controller; 50. Fourth rotating shaft; 51. Knife retraction gear; 52. Second electric actuator housing. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. A vertical straw stubble cutting device with controllable extension and retraction of the moving blade and controllable rotation of the blade shaft includes a three-point suspension frame 1, a frame 10, a soil breaker 34, a fixed blade shaft rotation coordination device, a blade shaft forward and reverse rotation switching device, and a moving blade extension and retraction device. The top of the frame 10 is fixedly connected to the three-point suspension frame 1. The fixed blade shaft rotation coordination device is provided on the top of the frame 10. The blade shaft forward and reverse rotation switching device and the moving blade extension and retraction device are arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the frame 10. The soil breaker 34 is fixedly connected to the bottommost blade disc 24.

[0018] The fixed-blade shaft rotation device includes a first electric push rod support 7, a fixed-blade rotating shaft 8, a fixed-blade rotating rod 9, a fixed-blade shaft 22, a double-edged serrated fixed blade 23, a first rotating shaft 33, a first electric push rod device, a first battery 2, a first controller 3, and the fixed-blade rotating shaft 8 and the first electric push rod support 7 are fixedly mounted on the top of the frame 10. The aforementioned first electric actuator device includes a first electric actuator support 7, a first electric actuator motor 4, a first electric actuator housing 5, and a first electric actuator piston rod 6. The first battery 2 is connected to the first controller 3 and the first electric actuator motor 4 via wires. The first controller 3 is connected to the first electric actuator motor 4 via wires. The first electric actuator motor 4 is fixedly mounted to the first electric actuator support 7. The first electric actuator piston rod 6 is coaxially and slidably mounted inside the first electric actuator housing 5. The first electric actuator piston rod 6 is hinged to the fixed blade rotating rod 9 via the first rotating shaft 33. The rear end of the fixed blade rotating rod 9 is hinged to the fixed blade rotating shaft 8. The front end of the fixed blade rotating rod 9 is fixedly mounted to the fixed blade shaft 22. The fixed blade shaft 22 is slidably mounted in the fixed blade rotating groove 35 and cooperates with the groove. The double-edged serrated fixed blades 23 are divided into four groups, each group having three layers of double-edged serrated fixed blades 23. The double-edged serrated fixed blades 23 are fixedly mounted below the fixed blade shaft 22 in a direction perpendicular to the moving blade shaft 21.

[0019] The cutter shaft forward / reverse switching device includes a drive motor 11, a first bevel gear 12, a second bevel gear 13, a third bevel gear 14, an electric lifting claw 17, a clutch commutator 18, a bevel gear fixing bracket 19, a moving cutter shaft spline 20, a moving cutter shaft 21, a camera 39, a third battery 41, a bearing fixing seat 42, and a second electric actuator device. The second controller 15, the second battery 40, the third battery 41, the bearing fixing seat 42, and the second electric actuator device are fixedly mounted on the top surface inside the frame 10, and the drive motor 11 is fixedly mounted on the side surface inside the frame 10. The aforementioned second electric actuator device includes a second electric actuator motor 16, an electric lifting claw 17, and a second electric actuator housing 52. The second battery 40 is connected to the second controller 15 and the second electric actuator motor 16 via wires, and the second controller 15 is connected to the second electric actuator motor 16 via wires. The upper end of the electric lifting claw 17 is coaxially and slidably mounted on the housing 52 of the second electric push rod, and the lower end of the electric lifting claw 17 is rotatably mounted on the clutch commutator 18. The electric lifting claw 17 is slidably mounted in the groove of the bevel gear fixing bracket 19. The camera 39 is fixedly mounted on the top surface inside the frame 10. The third battery 41 is connected to the drive motor 11 and the camera 39 respectively through wires. The drive motor 11 is coaxially fixedly mounted to the drive shaft 38 through the coupling 37, and the other end of the drive shaft 38 is coaxially fixedly mounted to the first bevel gear 12. The moving cutter shaft 21 is rotatably mounted below the bearing mounting seat 42. The bevel gear mounting bracket 19 is rotatably mounted to the moving cutter shaft 21. The moving cutter shaft spline 20 is fixedly mounted above the moving cutter shaft 21. The first bevel gear 12, the second bevel gear 13, and the third bevel gear 14 are rotatably mounted on the bevel gear mounting bracket 19. The first bevel gear 12 meshes with the second bevel gear 13 and the third bevel gear 14 respectively. The second bevel gear 13 and the third bevel gear 14 are coaxially and rotatably mounted to the moving cutter shaft 21 respectively. The clutch reversing device 18 is coaxially and slidably mounted on the moving cutter shaft 21, and the internal spline groove of the clutch reversing device 18 meshes with the moving cutter shaft spline 20.

[0020] The moving blade telescopic device includes a blade disc 24, a second rotating shaft 25, a third rotating shaft 36, a folding blade device, a blade telescopic device, a third electric push rod device, a fourth battery 48, and a third controller 49, which are fixedly installed inside the blade disc 24. The blade disc 24 is coaxially fixedly installed with the moving blade shaft 21. The aforementioned folding blade device includes a front folding blade 26, a rear folding blade 27, a folding blade holder 31, and a fourth rotating shaft 50. The front folding blade 26 is hinged to the rear folding blade 27 via the fourth rotating shaft 50. The rear folding blade 27 is fixed to the folding blade holder 31 via a pair of blade bolts 43 and blade nuts 44. The folding blade holder 31 is hinged to the blade disc 24 via the second rotating shaft 25. The cutting edges of the front folding blade 26 and the rear folding blade 27 are designed with a serrated structure. To improve cutting efficiency, the serrated area of ​​the front folding blade 26 is set to be larger than that of the rear folding blade 27. The three folding blade devices are hinged to the blade disc 24 at a 120° angle via the second rotating shaft 25. The aforementioned third electric actuator device includes a third electric actuator support 28, a third electric actuator motor 45, a third electric actuator housing 46, and a third electric actuator piston rod 47. The third electric actuator motor 45 is fixedly connected to the third electric actuator support 28. The third electric actuator piston rod 47 is coaxially and slidably installed inside the third electric actuator housing 46. The third electric actuator piston rod 47 is hinged to the front folding blade 26 via a third rotating shaft 36. A fourth battery 48 is connected to the third electric actuator motor 45 via a wire passing through the rear folding blade 27. The third electric actuator motor 45 is connected to the third controller 49 via a wire. The knife telescopic device includes a rack and pinion groove 29, a knife retraction motor 32, a knife retraction gear 51, and a fifth rotating shaft 30. The fifth rotating shaft 30 is fixedly connected to the folding knife holder 31 and the knife retraction motor 32. The knife retraction motor 32 is connected to a fourth battery 48 and a third controller 49 via wires. The third controller 49 is connected to the fourth battery 48. The output shaft of the knife retraction motor 32 is coaxially fixedly mounted with the knife retraction gear 51. The knife retraction motor 32 drives the knife retraction gear 51 to rotate in both directions. The inner side of the rack and pinion groove 29 is a rack, and the knife retraction gear 51 meshes with the rack and pinion groove 29. The folding and telescopic movement of the folding knife device and the retraction of the gear and groove of the knife telescopic device together complete the knife retraction. Four sets of moving knives are fixedly connected below the moving knife shaft 21. Each set of moving knives consists of upper and lower knife discs, and the upper and lower knife discs are installed in opposite directions, with opposite cutting edge directions. The installation relationship is the same as above.

[0021] During operation, the tractor drives the implement forward through the three-point suspension frame 1. The stubble enters the working area where the rotating fixed blade cooperates with the stubble cutting. The third battery 41 supplies power to the drive motor 11 and camera 39 through wires. The drive motor 11 drives the drive shaft 38 to rotate through the coupling 37. The drive shaft 38 drives the first bevel gear 12 to rotate. The first bevel gear 12 causes the second bevel gear 13 to rotate counterclockwise (top view) and the third bevel gear 14 to rotate clockwise (top view). When rotating forward, the second battery 40 supplies power to the second controller 15 and the second electric actuator motor 16. The second controller 15 controls the second electric actuator motor 16 to make the electric lifting claw 17 slide upward along the slide groove of the bevel gear fixing frame 19. At the same time, the clutch commutator 18, which is coaxially and rotatably mounted with the electric lifting claw 17, slides upward along the moving tool shaft spline 20 on the moving tool shaft 21. At this time, the top of the clutch commutator 18 engages with the groove of the second bevel gear 13. The rotation direction of the moving tool shaft 21 is the same as the rotation direction of the second bevel gear 13 engaged by the clutch commutator 18. The moving tool shaft 21 rotates counterclockwise (view from top). At this time, the fixed tool shaft rotation device at the top of the frame 10 is powered by the first battery 2 to the first controller 3 and the first electric push rod motor 4. The first controller 3 controls the first electric push rod motor 4 to extend the first electric push rod piston rod 6 to its longest length. The fixed tool rotating rod 9, which is hinged to the first electric push rod piston rod 6, rotates around the fixed tool rotating shaft 8 to its maximum angle. The fixed tool shaft 22, which is fixed to the fixed tool rotating rod 9, is now fixed at the end of the fixed tool rotating slide 35. During forward rotation, the upper tool discs of all four sets of tools are in the extended state. The fourth battery 48 powers the third controller 49, the third electric push rod motor 45, and the tool retraction motor 32. Electricity is supplied by the third controller 49, which controls the cutter retraction motor 32 to rotate the cutter retraction gear 51 clockwise (top view). The cutter retraction gear 51 meshes with the rack slide groove 29 and slides to the outermost end of the slide groove. The third controller 49 then controls the third electric push rod motor 45, which drives the third electric push rod piston rod 47 to extend to its maximum length along the third electric push rod housing 46. The front folding blade 26, which is hinged to the third electric push rod piston rod 47, rotates around the fourth rotating shaft 50 to its maximum angle, thus completing the extension of the upper cutter disc. During clockwise rotation, the lower cutter discs of all four sets of blades are in the retracted state, and electricity is supplied by the fourth battery 48 to the third controller. The controller 49, the third electric actuator motor 45, and the tool retraction motor 32 are powered. The third controller 49 controls the tool retraction motor 32 to rotate the tool retraction gear 51 clockwise (top view). The tool retraction gear 51 meshes with the rack slide groove 29 and slides to the innermost side of the slide groove. The third controller 49 controls the third electric actuator motor 45. The third electric actuator motor 45 drives the third electric actuator piston rod 47 to retract to its shortest position along the third electric actuator housing 46. The front folding knife 26, which is hinged to the third electric actuator piston rod 47, rotates around the fourth rotating shaft 50 to the minimum angle, thereby completing the retraction of the lower blade disc.When rotating forward, the extended upper cutter head's front folding blade 26 cooperates with the front edge of the double-edged serrated fixed blade 23 to cut. The double-edged serrated fixed blade 23 assists in cutting and supporting the straw, forming a cutting pair with the front folding blade 26. The front folding blade 26 relies on the high-speed rotation of the moving blade shaft 21 to provide cutting force, so that the straw is clamped between the two blades to complete the cutting. When rotating forward, the straw cutting position is located on the left side of the machine's forward direction.

[0022] During the stubble cutting operation, the stubble cutting situation is observed through camera 39. When insufficient stubble cutting capacity or grass entanglement occurs, the machine is reversed. The second controller 15 controls the second electric push rod motor 16 to make the electric lifting claw 17 slide downward along the slide groove of the bevel gear fixing frame 19. At the same time, the clutch reversing device 18, which is rotatably mounted coaxially with the electric lifting claw 17, slides downward along the spline 20 of the moving blade shaft 21. At this time, the bottom of the clutch reversing device 18 meshes with the groove of the third bevel gear 14, and the rotation direction of the moving blade shaft 21 is the same as that of the clutch reversing device 18. The third bevel gear 14 of the 8 meshing gears rotates in the same direction, and the moving cutter shaft 21 rotates clockwise (viewed from above). At this time, the fixed cutter shaft at the top of the frame 10 rotates in conjunction with the device. The first controller 3 controls the first electric push rod motor 4 to retract the first electric push rod piston rod 6 along the first electric push rod housing 5 to its shortest point. The fixed cutter rotating rod 9, which is hinged to the first electric push rod piston rod 6, rotates around the fixed cutter rotating shaft 8 to its minimum angle. The fixed cutter shaft 22, which is fixed to the fixed cutter rotating rod 9, is now fixed at the front end of the fixed cutter rotating slide 35. During reverse rotation, the upper cutter discs of all four sets of cutters retract. In the current state, the third controller 49 controls the tool retraction motor 32 to rotate the tool retraction gear 51 counterclockwise (top view). The tool retraction gear 51 meshes with the rack slide groove 29 and slides to the innermost side of the slide groove. The third controller 49 controls the third electric actuator motor 45, which drives the third electric actuator piston rod 47 to retract to its shortest position along the third electric actuator housing 46. The front folding blade 26, which is hinged to the third electric actuator piston rod 47, rotates around the fourth rotating shaft 50 to its minimum angle, thus completing the retraction of the upper blade disc. During reverse rotation, the four sets of blades... With the lower cutter head extended, the third controller 49 controls the cutter retraction motor 32 to rotate the cutter retraction gear 51 counterclockwise (top view). The cutter retraction gear 51 meshes with the rack and pinion groove 29 and slides to the outermost edge of the groove. The third controller 49 then controls the third electric push rod motor 45, which drives the third electric push rod piston rod 47 to extend to its maximum length along the third electric push rod housing 46. The front folding blade 26, hinged to the third electric push rod piston rod 47, rotates around the fourth pivot 50 to its maximum angle, thus completing the extension of the lower cutter head. During reverse rotation, the extended lower cutter head's front folding blade 26 engages with the rear edge of the double-edged serrated fixed blade 23 for cutting. The double-edged serrated fixed blade 23 assists in shearing and supporting the straw, forming a shearing pair with the front folding blade 26. The front folding blade 26 relies on the high-speed rotation of the moving blade shaft 21 to provide shearing force, clamping the straw between the two blades to complete the cutting. During reverse rotation, the straw cutting position is directly in front of the machine's forward direction.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0024] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vertical straw stubble cutting device with controllable extension and retraction of the moving blade and controllable rotation of the blade shaft, comprising a three-point suspension frame (1), a frame (10), a soil breaker (34), a fixed blade shaft rotational engagement device, a blade shaft forward / reverse switching device, and a moving blade extension and retraction device, wherein the top of the frame (10) is fixedly connected to the three-point suspension frame (1), the fixed blade shaft rotational engagement device is provided on the top of the frame (10), and the blade shaft forward / reverse switching device and the moving blade extension and retraction device are arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the frame (10), and the soil breaker (34) is fixedly connected to the bottommost blade disc (24), characterized in that... The first electric actuator support (7), fixed blade rotating shaft (8), fixed blade rotating rod (9), fixed blade shaft (22), double-edged sawtooth fixed blade (23), first rotating shaft (33), first electric actuator device, first battery (2), first controller (3), fixed blade rotating shaft (8) and first electric actuator support (7) are fixedly mounted on the top of the frame (10). The first electric actuator device includes the first electric actuator support (7), first electric actuator motor (4), first electric actuator housing (5), first electric actuator piston rod (6). The first battery (2) is connected to the first controller (3) and the first electric actuator motor (4) respectively through wires. The first controller (3) is connected to the first electric actuator motor (4) through wires. The first electric actuator motor (4) is fixedly mounted to the first electric actuator support (7). The first electric actuator piston rod (6) is slidably mounted coaxially inside the first electric actuator housing (5). The first electric actuator piston rod (6) is hinged to the fixed tool rotating rod (9) through the first rotating shaft (33). The rear end of the fixed tool rotating rod (9) is hinged to the fixed tool rotating shaft (8). The front end of the fixed tool rotating rod (9) is fixedly mounted to the fixed tool shaft (22). The fixed tool shaft (22) is slidably mounted in the fixed tool rotating slide groove (35) and cooperates with the slide groove. The double-edged sawtooth fixed tool (23) is divided into four groups, each group having three layers of double-edged sawtooth fixed tools (23). The double-edged sawtooth fixed tools (23) are fixedly mounted below the fixed tool shaft (22) in a direction perpendicular to the moving tool shaft (21).

2. The tool shaft forward / reverse switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The drive motor (11), first bevel gear (12), second bevel gear (13), third bevel gear (14), electric lifting claw (17), clutch commutator (18), bevel gear fixing bracket (19), moving cutter shaft spline (20), moving cutter shaft (21), camera (39), third battery (41), bearing fixing seat (42), second electric push rod device, second controller (15), second battery (40), third battery (41), bearing fixing seat (42) and second electric push rod device are fixedly mounted on the top surface inside the frame (10), and the drive motor (11) is fixedly mounted on the top surface inside the frame (10). The second electric actuator device, mounted on the inner side of the frame (10), includes a second electric actuator motor (16), an electric lifting claw (17), and a second electric actuator housing (52). A second battery (40) is connected to a second controller (15) and a second electric actuator motor (16) via wires. The second controller (15) is connected to the second electric actuator motor (16) via wires. The upper end of the electric lifting claw (17) is coaxially and slidably mounted on the second electric actuator housing (52), and the lower end of the electric lifting claw (17) is rotatably mounted to the clutch commutator (18). 17) The camera (39) is slidably installed in the groove of the bevel gear holder (19). The camera (39) is fixedly installed on the top surface inside the frame (10). The third battery (41) is connected to the drive motor (11) and the camera (39) respectively by wires. The drive motor (11) is coaxially fixed to the drive shaft (38) through the coupling (37). The other end of the drive shaft (38) is coaxially fixed to the first bevel gear (12). The moving cutter shaft (21) is rotatably installed below the bearing holder (42). The bevel gear holder (19) and the moving cutter shaft (21) are rotatably installed. The moving cutter shaft spline (2) 0) Fixed above the moving cutter shaft (21), the first bevel gear (12), the second bevel gear (13), and the third bevel gear (14) are rotatably mounted on the bevel gear fixing frame (19). The first bevel gear (12) meshes with the second bevel gear (13) and the third bevel gear (14) respectively. The second bevel gear (13) and the third bevel gear (14) are rotatably mounted coaxially with the moving cutter shaft (21). The clutch reversing device (18) is slidably mounted coaxially on the moving cutter shaft (21), and the internal spline groove of the clutch reversing device (18) meshes with the spline (20) of the moving cutter shaft.

3. The moving blade telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The cutter head (24), second rotating shaft (25), third rotating shaft (36), folding knife device, knife telescopic device, third electric push rod device, fourth battery (48), and third controller (49) are fixedly installed inside the cutter head (24). The cutter head (24) is coaxially fixedly installed with the moving knife shaft (21). The folding knife device includes a front folding knife (26), a rear folding knife (27), a folding knife holder (31), and a fourth rotating shaft (50). The front folding knife (26) is hinged to the rear folding knife (27) through the fourth rotating shaft (50). The rear folding knife (27) is fixedly connected to the folding knife holder (31) through a pair of knife bolts (43) and knife nuts (44). The folding knife holder ( 31) The cutting edges of the front folding blade (26) and the rear folding blade (27) are designed with a serrated structure through the second pivot (25) and hinged to the cutter head (24). To improve cutting efficiency, the serrated area of ​​the front folding blade (26) is larger than that of the rear folding blade (27). The three folding blade devices are hinged to the cutter head (24) at a 120° angle through the second pivot (25). The above-mentioned third electric actuator device includes a third electric actuator support (28), a third electric actuator motor (45), a third electric actuator housing (46), and a third electric actuator piston rod (47). The third electric actuator motor (45) is fixedly connected to the third electric actuator support (28), and the third electric actuator piston rod (47) is fixedly connected to the third electric actuator support (28). The third electric actuator is coaxially and slidably installed inside the housing (46) of the third electric actuator. The piston rod (47) of the third electric actuator is hinged to the front folding knife (26) via the third rotating shaft (36). The fourth battery (48) is connected to the motor (45) of the third electric actuator via a wire passing through the rear folding knife (27). The motor (45) of the third electric actuator is connected to the third controller (49) via a wire. The knife extension device includes a rack and pinion slide (29), a knife retraction motor (32), a knife retraction gear (51), and a fifth rotating shaft (30). The fifth rotating shaft (30) is fixedly connected to the folding knife holder (31) and the knife retraction motor (32). The knife retraction motor (32) is connected to the fourth electric actuator via a wire. The bottle (48) and the third controller (49) are connected. The third controller (49) is connected to the fourth battery (48). The output shaft of the cutter retraction motor (32) is coaxially fixed with the cutter retraction gear (51). The cutter retraction motor (32) drives the cutter retraction gear (51) to rotate in both directions. The inner side of the rack slide (29) is a rack. The cutter retraction gear (51) meshes with the rack slide (29). The folding and telescopic of the folding knife device and the retraction of the gear slide of the cutter telescopic device together complete the cutter retraction. Four sets of moving knives are fixedly connected below the moving knife shaft (21). Each set of moving knives is divided into upper and lower cutter discs. The upper and lower cutter discs are installed in opposite directions, and the cutting edges are in opposite directions. The installation relationship is the same as above.

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