Underground three-dimensional parking garage and method capable of achieving rainwater storage and stagnation based on buoyancy lifting

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground three-dimensional parking garage and method capable of achieving rainwater storage and stagnation based on buoyancy lifting, and aims to solve the problems that a traditional three-dimensional parking garage is single in function, and waterlogging prevention and control and parking connection are insufficient. The parking garage comprises a water storage box body and a parking box body, the water storage box body is partially buried underground and can receive rainwater, and at least part of the parking box body is contained in the parking box body from a top opening of the parking box body. When rainwater enters the water storage box to reach the target water level, the parking box can move upwards based on buoyancy and partially stretch out of the opening, and the rainwater storage space is enlarged. A lifting limiter is further arranged, and buoyancy driving or power driving lifting is achieved through switching of a limiting rack, a gear and a driving device. By combining sensor monitoring and processing unit control, a lifting mode can be switched according to water inlet time, the parking box body is fixed after rainwater stops, and the box body is driven to descend after drainage. The three-dimensional parking garage integrates three-dimensional parking, waterlogging prevention and control and rainwater storage and stagnation, and the underground space utilization rate and the urban waterlogging coping capacity are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of urban flood control technology, specifically relating to an underground three-dimensional parking garage that can achieve rainwater storage based on buoyancy lifting and lowering, and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the scarcity of land resources and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather events have become prominent contradictions restricting the sustainable development of cities. On the one hand, traditional surface parking lots occupy too much land and cannot meet the parking needs of high-density urban areas; while conventional multi-level parking garages can improve space utilization, their functions are limited and they cannot cope with disaster scenarios such as urban flooding. On the other hand, existing underground parking garages generally have weak flood protection capabilities, and vehicles are easily submerged due to rainwater backflow during heavy rainfall, causing significant economic losses in recent years.

[0003] Currently, a number of parking garage devices for flood prevention have been disclosed. CN107939126A discloses "A Disaster Prevention, Purification and Water Storage Three-Dimensional Parking Lot", which can store rainwater through a water storage layer below the parking level. CN111910973A discloses "A Flood Prevention Parking Garage Device with Car Washing Function", which can prevent vehicles from being submerged by parking boxes and inflatable structures.

[0004] While the aforementioned multi-level parking garages meet the requirements for urban flood control to some extent, most are simply parking garages superimposed on water storage tanks. There is no effective connection between parking and rainwater retention, limiting the utilization of underground space. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a comprehensive system that integrates multi-level parking, urban flood control, and rainwater resource utilization. This system should not only meet daily parking needs but also proactively convert into a water storage facility during the flood season, while simultaneously achieving rainwater purification and reuse, thereby enhancing urban resilience and resource recycling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an underground multi-level parking garage and its usage method that can achieve rainwater storage based on buoyancy lifting, so as to solve the problems of single function and insufficient connection between waterlogging prevention and parking in traditional multi-level parking garages, realize the integration of multi-level parking, waterlogging prevention and rainwater storage, and dynamically expand the storage space by lifting the parking box by buoyancy or power, thereby improving the utilization rate of underground space and the ability to cope with urban waterlogging.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0007] This invention discloses an underground three-dimensional parking garage capable of rainwater storage and retention based on buoyancy, comprising: a water storage tank, which is hollow inside and at least partially buried below ground level, and capable of receiving external rainwater; a parking tank, which is hollow inside and forms a parking space for accommodating vehicles; the water storage tank has a top opening, and the parking tank is at least partially housed within the water storage tank from the top opening position; the parking tank and the water storage tank are jointly constructed such that when external rainwater enters the water storage tank to a target water level, the parking tank can move upward relative to the water storage tank through the top opening based on the buoyancy of the water and at least partially extend out of the top opening, thereby increasing the rainwater storage and retention space within the water storage tank.

[0008] This invention achieves dynamic integration and efficient conversion between parking and rainwater storage functions through the coordinated construction of a water storage tank and a parking garage. Under normal conditions, the parking garage is at least partially housed within the water storage tank, fully utilizing underground space to meet parking needs. During the flood season, when rainwater enters the water storage tank to the target water level, the parking garage moves upwards using the buoyancy of the water and partially extends beyond its top opening, actively expanding the rainwater storage space of the water storage tank. This solves the problem of insufficient functional integration caused by the simple superposition of water storage tanks and parking garages in existing technologies, and improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of underground space.

[0009] Secondly, utilizing buoyancy to drive the parking box's lifting significantly reduces the energy consumption and power required by traditional mechanical lifting mechanisms. The parking box's buoyancy-based motion reduces reliance on external power sources, enabling dynamic expansion of rainwater storage space while lowering equipment operating costs and energy consumption.

[0010] Furthermore, this structural design enhances the city's flood control capabilities. The actively expanded rainwater storage space effectively absorbs rainwater during the flood season, reducing the risk of backflow. Combined with the sealed structure and rational layout of the storage tank, it ensures the safety of the parking space while providing a stable water source for rainwater resource utilization, achieving the dual goals of flood control and resource recycling.

[0011] The underground multi-level parking garage disclosed in this invention further includes a lifting limiter, which includes a limit rack arranged on the outside of the parking compartment and a limit gear corresponding to the limit rack. The limit gear is connected to the drive device in a manner that can switch between transmission engagement and transmission disengagement, so that the limit gear has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the limit gear is disengaged from the drive device, and the limit gear can rotate under the drive of the limit rack to limit and guide the upward movement of the parking compartment based on buoyancy. In the second working state, the limit gear is engaged with the drive device, and the limit gear can drive the limit rack under the drive of the drive device to drive the parking compartment to move up and down relative to the water tank.

[0012] In this invention, when rainfall is low (relatively speaking, still based on the condition that the parking box can float), the parking box can move upward relative to the water tank solely based on the buoyancy of the water. However, due to the gap between the parking box and the water tank, the parking box will wobble, potentially causing damage to the vehicle inside. The engagement of the limiting gear and the limiting rack in the first operating state effectively solves this problem because: in the first operating state, the limiting gear is disconnected from the drive device, meaning it can rotate freely relative to the drive device (e.g., a servo motor). In this case, the engagement between the limiting gear and the limiting rack provides excellent guidance for the parking box's upward movement relative to the water tank due to buoyancy, thus preventing wobbling. It should be noted that in this state, the limiting rack is the driving component, and the limiting gear is the driven component.

[0013] When rainfall is heavy, if the buoyancy-based upward space of the parking box is insufficient to accommodate the amount of rainwater entering the storage tank, the limit gear can be switched to a second working state. In this state, the limit gear is driven to rotate by the drive device, thereby driving the limit rack and causing the parking box to rise rapidly, maximizing the water storage space for rainwater. Furthermore, when the parking box needs to descend, buoyancy alone may not guarantee a stable descent (especially when the water level in the storage tank is insufficient). To ensure a stable descent, the limit gear can also be driven to the second working state, allowing the parking box to descend smoothly under the power of the drive device.

[0014] Based on the setting of the first and second working states of the limiting gear, a variety of different functions can be achieved in a simple and compact structure. There is no need to set up an additional smooth guide device for the rise of the parking box. This not only greatly improves the functional integration, but also reduces the manufacturing and use cost of the overall structure of the invention.

[0015] According to the underground multi-level parking garage disclosed in this invention, at least one set of gear and rack assemblies formed by limiting gears and limiting racks is provided on each of the corresponding sides of the parking garage.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the parking box is square, and the limiting guide group formed by the limiting gear and the limiting rack can be provided with at least one set on each of the corresponding sides of the parking box. More preferably, two sets can be provided on each of the corresponding sides of the parking box to prevent the parking box from shaking. In another preferred embodiment, two sets of the limiting guide group formed by the limiting gear and the limiting rack are provided on each of the four outer sides of the parking box.

[0017] According to the underground automated parking garage disclosed in this invention, the lifting limiter also includes a limit locking strip, which engages with the limit rack in a manner that can switch between mutual engagement and disengagement, so that the parking space can be locked in place after moving to the desired position and released when movement is required. This structural design simplifies the lifting control logic while enhancing the positional stability of the parking space under different operating conditions, further improving the reliability and safety of equipment operation.

[0018] The underground multi-level parking garage disclosed in this invention further includes: a water inlet sensor for monitoring whether water enters the water storage tank; a liquid level sensor for monitoring whether the water level in the water storage tank reaches the target water level; and a processing unit connected to the water inlet sensor and the liquid level sensor, which calculates the time taken when the water inlet sensor detects water entering and when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level has reached the target water level. When the time taken is less than a set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device between the drive device and the limit gear to switch, so that the limit gear is in a second working state; when the time taken is greater than or equal to the set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device to switch, so that the limit gear is in a first working state.

[0019] In other words, the processing unit monitors the time taken from the start of water intake to the water level reaching the target level. When the time taken is less than a set time threshold, the processing unit determines that the amount of rainwater coming in is large, and the water storage tank needs to be rapidly expanded to accommodate more rainwater. At this time, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device between the drive unit and the limit gear, causing the limit gear to switch to a second working state. In this state, the limit gear and the drive unit form a transmission engagement, and the drive unit can drive the limit gear to rotate, which in turn drives the parking tank to move upward rapidly through the limit rack, quickly expanding the rainwater storage space of the water storage tank to cope with the large amount of rainwater.

[0020] When the time taken is greater than or equal to the set time threshold, the processing unit determines that the amount of external rainfall is relatively small, and that the parking box can rise smoothly and meet the rainwater storage requirements solely by buoyancy. At this time, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device to put the limit gear in the first working state. In this state, the limit gear is disconnected from the drive device. As the parking box moves upward under the buoyancy of the rainwater, the limit rack will drive the limit gear to rotate freely. The cooperation between the limit gear and the limit rack provides stable limiting guidance for the rise of the parking box, preventing the parking box from shaking due to buoyancy fluctuations and ensuring the smoothness of the rising process.

[0021] The underground parking garage disclosed in this invention also includes a pressure sensor installed on the base of the parking garage inside the water storage tank to monitor the pressure value after subtracting the maximum buoyancy from the total weight of the parking garage. The processing unit is connected to the pressure sensor and determines whether the pressure value after subtracting the maximum buoyancy from the total weight of the parking garage monitored by the pressure sensor is less than the load that the lifting limit device can withstand. When it is determined that it is less than the limit, the limit bar is adjusted to a state where it is separated from the limit rack. When it is determined at the same time that the time taken is less than a set time threshold, the drive device is controlled to drive the limit gear to rotate, so as to drive the parking garage to rise with the power of the drive device.

[0022] According to the underground multi-level parking garage disclosed in this invention, an emergency opening is provided on one side of the parking garage, and a sealed door is provided on the water storage tank corresponding to the emergency opening. In the initial state, the sealed door is configured to completely seal the emergency opening. As the parking garage moves upward relative to the water storage tank, the emergency opening can be opened at least partially relative to the sealed door to form an emergency exit for vehicles to exit to the ground. That is, an emergency opening is provided on one side of the parking garage, and a sealed door is provided on the water storage tank corresponding to the emergency opening; in the initial state, the sealed door can seal the emergency opening; when the parking garage moves upward relative to the water storage tank, the emergency opening can communicate with the ground space, allowing vehicles to drive outward after the parking garage is raised.

[0023] In this invention, the efficient integration of underground multi-level parking and rainwater storage functions is achieved through the coordinated use of an emergency opening and a sealed door. Specifically, in the initial state (i.e., the parking compartment is located at the bottom of the water storage tank, and the entire device is in a static state without any operation), the sealed door is closed and sealed, tightly enclosing the emergency opening. This effectively ensures the airtightness of the parking compartment and the water storage tank, preventing external impurities or rainwater from entering the parking area of ​​the parking compartment and the water storage tank from above, thus optimizing the parking environment and the stability of the rainwater collection system. When the parking compartment is raised relative to the water storage tank to release the rainwater storage space, the emergency opening forms a vehicle passage space connected to the ground, ensuring that vehicle access is not disturbed after the compartment is raised. This satisfies the urban rainwater management requirements for storage space while ensuring the continuity and convenience of the parking function.

[0024] According to the underground multi-level parking garage disclosed in this invention, a water collection pit is provided in the water storage tank, and a submersible pump is provided corresponding to the water collection pit. The submersible pump is connected to the outside of the water storage tank by a rainwater utilization pipe. A rainwater overflow pipe connected to the outside is also provided on the water storage tank for discharging rainwater from the water storage tank.

[0025] In this invention, a water collection pit is provided in the water storage tank, along with a submersible pump and a rainwater utilization pipe. This allows for efficient collection of rainwater from the tank. The rainwater in the collection pit is then discharged through the rainwater utilization pipe via the submersible pump, enabling the resource utilization of rainwater, such as for irrigation. Simultaneously, the collection pit facilitates the centralized collection of rainwater impurities, and, combined with the pumping function of the submersible pump, it also facilitates subsequent cleaning of the collection pit and maintenance of the pump, improving the ease of equipment maintenance. Furthermore, when the bottom layer of the parking compartment is raised to ground level, rainwater in the water storage tank is discharged into the municipal pipe network through a rainwater overflow pipe. When the parking compartment falls back down, any remaining rainwater is squeezed through the gap between the water storage tank and the parking compartment towards the rainwater overflow pipe.

[0026] According to the underground multi-level parking garage disclosed in this invention, the top of the parking garage is level with the ground to form a platform for residents' activities. This design achieves the combined use of parking functions and public leisure space, significantly improving the utilization rate of land resources.

[0027] This invention also discloses a method for using an underground multi-level parking garage according to the present invention, comprising the following steps: placing at least a portion of the parking space in a water storage tank, with the top of the parking space level with the ground; during rain, a processing unit determines whether the pressure value (total weight of the parking space minus the maximum buoyancy) monitored by the pressure sensor is less than the load that the lifting limit device can withstand; if it is determined to be less, the limit bar is adjusted to a state of separation from the limit rack; the processing unit calculates the time taken for the water inlet sensor to detect water inflow and for the level sensor to detect that the water level has reached the target level; if the time taken is less than a set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device between the drive device and the limit gear to switch, so that the limit gear is in a first working state of being disconnected from the drive device, so that the parking space can move upward relative to the water storage tank in the top opening based on the buoyancy of the water and at least a portion of the parking space is placed in the water storage tank. The top opening extends outwards; when the time taken is greater than or equal to the set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device between the drive device and the limit gear, so that the limit gear is in the second working state of being engaged with the drive device, allowing the parking box to move upwards with the power of the drive device; the water inlet sensor monitors whether rainwater is still entering the water storage tank. If yes, the parking box continues to rise; if no, the rising of the parking box stops, and the limit bar is adjusted to be engaged with the limit rack; the submersible pump is used to discharge rainwater from the water storage tank, and the water level in the water storage tank is judged. When it is judged that the water level in the water storage tank is below the safe water level, the liquid level sensor monitors whether the current rainwater is below the target water level. If yes, the limit bar is adjusted to be disengaged from the limit rack, and the parking box is driven to descend by the drive device and the cooperation of the limit gear and the limit rack.

[0028] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0029] This invention breaks through the limitations of existing parking garages that simply combine a water storage tank and a parking garage by constructing a coordinated structure. It achieves a dynamic connection between parking and rainwater storage functions through the upward movement of the parking garage based on buoyancy. Under normal conditions, the parking garage is at least partially contained within the water storage tank, making full use of underground space to meet parking needs. During the flood season, when rainwater enters the water storage tank to the target water level, the parking garage actively moves upward and partially extends beyond its top opening, dynamically expanding the rainwater storage space. This effectively solves the problems of limited functionality and insufficient connection between parking and rainwater storage in existing multi-level parking garages. Simultaneously, buoyancy-driven operation reduces reliance on external power, improving the overall utilization efficiency of underground space while enhancing the flood control capacity and urban flooding response capabilities of underground parking garages, thus balancing daily parking needs with flood season water storage functions.

[0030] The following describes in detail the underground multi-level parking garage of the present invention, which can achieve rainwater storage based on buoyancy lifting, with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings and the reference numerals. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the floating rainwater storage underground multi-level parking garage of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the floating rainwater storage underground multi-level parking garage of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a parking plan view of the floating rainwater storage underground multi-level parking garage of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a bottom plan view of the floating rainwater storage underground parking garage of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the bottom of the floating rainwater storage underground parking garage of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This invention presents a flowchart illustrating the steps of the control method for a floating rainwater storage underground parking garage to prevent urban flooding. Figure Labels

[0037] 1. Water storage tank; 2. Parking box; 3. Limit rack; 4. Limit gear; 5. Limiting strip; 6. Liquid level sensor; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Tank base; 9. Sump; 10. Submersible pump; 11. Rainwater utilization pipe; 12. Rainwater overflow pipe; 13. Resident activity platform; 14. Top floor access hut; 15. Top floor electric roller shutter door; 16. Longitudinal moving platform; 17. Lateral moving platform; 18. Parking platform; 19. Ground floor maintenance airtight door; 20. Airtight door; 21. Rainwater collection valve; 22. Rainwater collection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0039] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this invention discloses an underground three-dimensional parking garage capable of rainwater storage and retention based on buoyancy, comprising: a water storage tank 1, which is hollow inside and at least partially buried below ground level, and capable of receiving external rainwater; a parking tank 2, which is hollow inside and forms a parking space for accommodating vehicles; the water storage tank 1 has a top opening, and the parking tank 2 is at least partially housed within the water storage tank 1 from the top opening position; the parking tank 2 and the water storage tank 1 are jointly constructed such that when external rainwater enters the water storage tank 1 to a target water level, the parking tank 2 can move upward relative to the water storage tank 1 in the top opening based on the buoyancy of the water and at least partially extend out of the top opening, thereby increasing the rainwater storage and retention space within the water storage tank 1 that can receive rainwater.

[0040] This invention achieves dynamic integration and efficient conversion between parking and rainwater storage functions through the coordinated construction of a water storage tank 1 and a parking garage 2. Under normal conditions, the parking garage 2 is at least partially housed within the water storage tank 1, fully utilizing underground space to meet parking needs. During the flood season, when rainwater enters the water storage tank 1 to the target water level, the parking garage 2 moves upward using buoyancy and partially extends beyond its top opening, actively expanding the rainwater storage space of the water storage tank 1. This solves the problem of insufficient functional integration caused by the simple superposition of water storage tanks and parking garages in existing technologies, improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of underground space. Secondly, the use of buoyancy to drive the parking garage 2 to rise significantly reduces the energy consumption and power required for traditional mechanical lifting. The buoyancy-based motion of the parking garage 2 reduces reliance on external power devices, achieving dynamic expansion of the rainwater storage space while reducing equipment operating costs and energy consumption. Furthermore, this structural design enhances urban flood control capabilities. By actively expanding the rainwater storage space, rainwater during the flood season can be effectively absorbed, reducing the risk of rainwater backflow. Combined with the sealed structure and reasonable layout of the water storage tank 1, it can not only ensure the safety of the parking tank 2, but also provide a stable water source for rainwater resource utilization, thus achieving the dual goals of waterlogging prevention and resource recycling.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, the water storage tank 1 is made of reinforced concrete around its perimeter and bottom, which has high strength and impermeability, effectively preventing leakage or deformation of the tank and providing a stable and safe structural foundation for the lifting and lowering operation of the parking tank 2 and its rainwater storage function.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a lifting limiter is also included, which includes a limiting rack 3 arranged on the outside of the parking box 2 and a limiting gear 4 corresponding to the limiting rack 3; the limiting gear 4 is connected to the drive device in a manner that can switch between transmission engagement and transmission disengagement, so that the limiting gear 4 has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the limiting gear 4 is disengaged from the drive device, and the limiting gear 4 can rotate under the drive of the limiting rack 3 to form a limiting guide for the upward movement of the parking box 2 based on buoyancy; in the second working state, the limiting gear 4 is engaged with the drive device, and the limiting gear 4 can drive the limiting rack 3 under the drive of the drive device to drive the parking box 2 to move up and down relative to the water storage tank 1.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, the driving device is a servo motor, which is installed at the bottom of the parking box 2 to provide power to the limit gear 4.

[0044] In this invention, the stable movement of the parking box 2 and the dynamic control of the rainwater storage space are achieved by designing a dual working state of the limiting gear 4 for different rainfall scenarios.

[0045] When there is little rain (still based on the premise of ensuring the parking box 2 floats), the parking box 2 can move upward relative to the water storage tank 1 solely by the buoyancy of the water. Due to the gap between the two, the parking box 2 is prone to swaying due to fluctuations in buoyancy, which may damage the vehicles inside. The engagement of the limiting gear 4 with the limiting rack 3 in the first working state effectively solves this problem: at this time, the limiting gear 4 is disconnected from the servo motor and can rotate relative to the servo motor. Through its engagement with the limiting rack 3, it provides stable guidance for the upward floating of the parking box 2 (the limiting rack 3 is the driving component, and the limiting gear 4 is the driven component), preventing swaying.

[0046] When rainfall is heavy, if buoyancy alone is insufficient to raise the parking box 2 to the required height for rainwater storage, the limit gear 4 can be switched to its second operating state. In this state, the limit gear 4 engages with the servo motor, rotating under power and driving the limit rack 3, causing the parking box 2 to rise rapidly and partially extend beyond the top opening of the water storage tank 1, thus creating maximum storage space for rainwater. Furthermore, when the parking box 2 needs to descend (especially when the water level in the water storage tank 1 is insufficient), buoyancy alone cannot guarantee stability. In this case, the limit gear 4 in its second operating state, in conjunction with the servo motor, can also stably lower the parking box 2 back down.

[0047] This dual-state design integrates both guiding and driving functions in a simple and compact structure, eliminating the need for additional smooth guiding devices. This not only improves the functional integration but also reduces the overall manufacturing and usage costs of the structure.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, at least one set of gear and rack group formed by the limiting gear 4 and the limiting rack 3 is provided on each of the corresponding sides of the parking box 2.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the parking box 2 is square, and the limiting guide group formed by the limiting gear 4 and the limiting rack 3 can be provided on each of the corresponding sides of the parking box 2. More preferably, two sets are provided on each of the corresponding sides of the parking box 2. The guiding stability is enhanced by the coordinated cooperation of multiple sets of gears and racks, thereby avoiding the shaking of the parking box 2.

[0050] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in another preferred embodiment, the limiting guide group formed by the limiting gear 4 and the limiting rack 3 is provided with two sets on each of the four outer sides of the parking box 2. Through the multiple sets of gear and rack structures evenly distributed on the four sides, the stability of the parking box 2 during the process of buoyancy rise or power lifting is further improved, and shaking is effectively prevented.

[0051] like Figures 2-4As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the lifting limiter further includes a limit bar 5, which engages with the limit rack 3 in a manner that can switch between engaging and disengaging, so that the parking box 2 can be engaged when it moves to a position and released when it needs to move.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the limiting strip 5 can flexibly switch between "mutually engaged" and "mutually disengaged" states. When the parking box 2 moves to the target position by buoyancy or power, the limiting strip 5 and the limiting rack 3 engage to form a stable latch, which can accurately fix the parking box 2 in the current position, preventing it from shifting or shaking due to external forces, and ensuring the parking safety of the parking box 2 and the vehicles inside. When the parking box 2 needs to continue to rise or fall, the limiting strip 5 and the limiting rack 3 separate, releasing the fixing relationship, and ensuring that the parking box 2 can move smoothly. This structural design simplifies the lifting control logic while enhancing the positional stability of the parking box 2 under different working conditions, further improving the reliability and safety of the equipment operation.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes: a water inlet sensor for monitoring whether water enters the water storage tank 1; a level sensor 6 for monitoring whether the water level in the water storage tank 1 reaches the target water level; and a processing unit connected to the water inlet sensor and the level sensor 6, which calculates the time taken when the water inlet sensor detects water entering and when the level sensor 6 detects that the water level has reached the target water level. When the time taken is less than a set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device between the drive device and the limit gear 4 to switch, so that the limit gear 4 is in a second working state. When the time taken is greater than or equal to the set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device to switch, so that the limit gear 4 is in a first working state.

[0054] In this preferred embodiment, the processing unit monitors the time from when rainwater begins to enter the water storage tank 1 until the level sensor 6 detects that the water level has reached the target level. This allows for the judgment of the amount of rainwater and the dynamic control of the parking box's lifting mode. When this time is less than a set time threshold, it indicates a fast water inflow rate, meaning the target level can be reached quickly, and the processing unit determines that the amount of rainwater is large. At this time, the water storage tank 1 needs to rapidly expand its storage space to accommodate more rainwater, and the processing unit controls the limit gear 4 to switch to a second working state. In this state, the limit gear 4 and the drive device (such as a servo motor) form a transmission connection. The drive device drives the limit gear 4 to rotate, meshing with the limit rack 3, rapidly driving the parking box 2 to rise, thereby dynamically expanding the rainwater storage space of the water storage tank 1.

[0055] When the duration is greater than or equal to the set time threshold, it indicates that the water inflow rate is slow and it will take a long time to reach the target water level. The processing unit determines that the amount of external rainwater is small. At this time, the buoyancy of the rainwater alone is sufficient to meet the rising requirements of the parking box. The processing unit controls the limit gear 4 to be in the first working state. In this state, the limit gear 4 is disconnected from the drive device, and the parking box 2 moves upward under the action of rainwater buoyancy. The limit rack 3 drives the limit gear 4 to rotate freely. The two work together to provide stable guidance for the parking box 2, ensuring its smooth rise.

[0056] The above design uses a processing unit to monitor the time it takes for rainwater to reach the target water level after entering the water storage tank 1 through the rainwater collection pipe 22 and being monitored by the level sensor 6. This allows for precise differentiation of the amount of external rainfall and dynamic switching of the parking box 2's lifting mode: During heavy rain, the limit gear 4 operates in a second-state power drive mode, using a drive device to engage the limit gear 4 with the limit rack 3, rapidly lifting the parking box 2 to expand the rainwater storage space of the water storage tank 1. During light rain, the limit gear 4 operates in a first-state buoyancy drive mode, allowing the parking box 2 to rise under the buoyancy of the rainwater. The limit rack 3 drives the limit gear 4 to rotate freely, ensuring the stability and safety of the lifting process. This on-demand control mode reduces energy consumption and operating costs during light rain and allows for rapid response to urban flooding prevention needs during heavy rain, effectively improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of underground space and the city's flood control capabilities, achieving a deep integration of parking function and rainwater storage.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the water storage tank 1 is provided with a tank base 8 for supporting the parking tank 2. A pressure sensor 7 is installed on the tank base 8, which monitors the pressure value after subtracting the maximum buoyancy from the total weight of the parking tank 2 in real time. The processing unit is connected to the pressure sensor 7. By analyzing the relationship between this pressure value and the load that the lifting limiter can withstand, a safety judgment mechanism for lifting operation is constructed: only when the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor 7 is less than the load threshold, the processing unit will control the limit bar 5 to separate from the limit rack 3, releasing the lock on the parking tank 2, ensuring that the stress on the equipment structure is always within a safe range during the lifting process, and effectively avoiding damage or movement jamming of components such as the limit gear 4 and the limit rack 3 due to overload.

[0058] When the system simultaneously meets the conditions of "pressure value less than load threshold" and "water intake time less than set time threshold" (i.e., it is determined that the rainfall is heavy and the storage space needs to be expanded quickly), the processing unit will further control the drive device to drive the limit gear 4 to rotate. Through the meshing transmission between the limit gear 4 and the limit rack 3, the parking box 2 will be raised. This design ensures the safety of the lifting operation through pressure monitoring and can quickly respond to the rainwater storage needs in heavy rainfall scenarios. It achieves dual optimization of equipment operation safety and emergency response efficiency, significantly improving the overall reliability of the device and the ability to cope with urban flooding.

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, an emergency opening is provided on one side of the parking box 2, and a sealed door 20 is provided on the water storage tank 1 corresponding to the emergency opening; in the initial state, the sealed door 20 can seal the emergency opening, and when the parking box 2 moves upward relative to the water storage tank 1, the emergency opening can connect with the ground space so that the vehicle can pass normally after the parking box 2 is raised.

[0060] This invention achieves efficient integration of underground multi-level parking and rainwater storage functions through the coordinated arrangement of an emergency opening and a sealed door 20. Specifically, in the initial state (i.e., the parking box is located at the bottom of the water storage tank, and the entire device is in a static state without any operation), the sealed door 20 is closed and sealed, tightly sealing the emergency opening. This effectively ensures the airtightness of the parking box 2 and the water storage tank 1, preventing external impurities or rainwater from entering the parking area of ​​the parking box 2 and the water storage tank 1 from above, thus optimizing the parking environment and the stability of the rainwater collection system. When the parking box 2 is raised relative to the water storage tank 1 to release the rainwater storage space, the emergency opening forms a vehicle passage space connected to the ground, ensuring that vehicle access is not disturbed after the box is raised. This satisfies the urban rainwater management requirements for storage space while ensuring the continuity and convenience of the parking function.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, when two sets of limiting racks 3 are provided on each of the four outer sides of the parking box 2, they are installed on the sides of the parking box 2 on both sides of the sealed door 20, that is, on the four outer sides of the parking box 2. Each set of limiting racks 3 is respectively installed on the side of the box on both sides of the sealed door 20, forming a structural layout that cooperates with the lifting limiter. This design, by providing limiting racks on the four outer sides of the parking box on both sides of the sealed door, provides a stable cooperation structure for the lifting limiter, ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the parking box lifting process.

[0062] like Figures 1-3As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the parking and retrieval space includes a top-floor storage and retrieval cabin 14, a top-floor electric roller shutter door 15, and a longitudinal moving platform 16. The parking box 2 is also equipped with a vehicle parking unit that cooperates with the parking and retrieval space. This unit includes a lateral moving platform 17 and a parking platform 18, used to realize the lateral movement and parking positioning of the vehicle within the parking box 2, and to complete the vehicle entry and exit process through coordination with the parking and retrieval space. In this embodiment, the vehicle storage and retrieval process is as follows:

[0063] When parking, the top-floor electric roller shutter door 15 opens, and the vehicle enters the top-floor storage compartment 14, then moves to the longitudinal moving platform 16 and parks itself. Based on the floor number of the target parking space, the longitudinal moving platform 16 starts, vertically transporting the vehicle to the corresponding parking unit area. Upon reaching the target floor, the vehicle moves from the longitudinal moving platform 16 to the lateral moving platform 17. The lateral moving platform 17 operates according to a preset program, laterally transferring the vehicle to the designated parking platform 18. The vehicle then enters the parking platform 18 and completes parking, ending the parking process.

[0064] When a user initiates a retrieval request, the system accurately locates the parking platform 18 where the target vehicle is located. The lateral moving platform 17 moves to the parking platform 18, and the vehicle moves from the parking platform 18 to the lateral moving platform 17. Subsequently, the lateral moving platform 17 transfers the vehicle laterally to a position where it docks with the longitudinal moving platform 16. The vehicle drives into the longitudinal moving platform 16 and parks itself. The longitudinal moving platform 16 then starts, vertically transporting the vehicle to the floor where the top-floor storage cabin 14 is located. After the vehicle enters the top-floor storage cabin 14, the top-floor electric roller shutter door 15 automatically opens, and the vehicle drives out, completing the retrieval process.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a water collection pit 9 is provided in the water storage tank 1, and a submersible pump 10 is provided corresponding to the water collection pit 9. The submersible pump 10 is connected to the outside of the water storage tank 1 via a rainwater utilization pipe 11. The water collection pit 9 and the corresponding submersible pump 10 and rainwater utilization pipe 11 within the water storage tank 1 can efficiently collect rainwater from the tank. The rainwater in the water collection pit 9 is then discharged through the rainwater utilization pipe 11 via the submersible pump 10, realizing the resource utilization of rainwater, such as for irrigation. Simultaneously, the water collection pit 9 facilitates the centralized collection of rainwater impurities, and, in conjunction with the pumping function of the submersible pump 10, also provides convenience for subsequent cleaning of the water collection pit 9 and maintenance of the submersible pump 10, improving the ease of equipment maintenance.

[0066] like Figure 1As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the water storage tank 1 is also equipped with a rainwater overflow pipe 12 that communicates with the outside, for discharging rainwater from the water storage tank 1. In this embodiment, when the parking platform 18 at the bottom of the parking box 2 is raised to the ground level, the rainwater accumulated in the water storage tank 1 is discharged into the municipal pipe network through the rainwater overflow pipe 12; during the process of the parking box 2 falling back, its bottom gradually approaches the tank base 8 at the bottom of the water storage tank 1, which can squeeze the remaining rainwater in the water storage tank 1 through the gap between the parking box 2 and the water storage tank 1 towards the rainwater overflow pipe 12, thereby achieving efficient discharge of rainwater.

[0067] Furthermore, a rainwater collection pipe 22 is installed on the water storage tank 1. External rainwater enters the water storage tank 1 through the rainwater collection pipe 22. A rainwater collection valve 21 is installed on the pipe, which can be automatically controlled to open or close to regulate the flow rate of rainwater entering the water storage tank 1.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the top of the parking box 2 is level with the ground and forms a resident activity platform 13, which effectively realizes the combined use of parking function and public leisure space, and significantly improves the utilization rate of land resources.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a bottom maintenance airtight door 19 is provided at one corner of the bottom of the parking box 2. The position of the bottom maintenance airtight door 19 corresponds vertically to the position of the water collection pit 9 inside the water storage tank 1. The bottom maintenance airtight door 19 has sealing performance and is normally kept closed to ensure the airtightness of the parking box 2. It can be opened or closed automatically. When it is necessary to clean the water collection pit 9 or to repair the submersible pump 5, it is opened to form a maintenance passage.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, a high-definition camera can be installed at the bottom of the parking box 2 to monitor the sealing status of the bottom of the parking box 2 and the part in contact with the water storage tank 1 in real time, with a focus on monitoring whether there is water leakage at the bottom maintenance airtight door 19. When the parking box 2 is inside the water storage tank 1 or during the lifting / lowering process, the high-definition camera continuously captures the bottom of the box, which can be promptly fed back to the control system, providing a visual basis for the maintenance and repair of the equipment's sealing performance, ensuring the complete sealing characteristics of the parking box 2, and preventing rainwater from seeping in and affecting the safety of the parking space.

[0071] like Figure 6As shown, the present invention also discloses a method for using an underground multi-level parking garage according to the present invention, including the following steps: placing at least part of the parking box 2 in the water storage tank 1, with the top of the parking box 2 kept level with the ground; during rain, the processing unit determines whether the pressure value of the total weight of the parking box 2 minus the maximum buoyancy, as monitored by the pressure sensor 7, is less than the load that the lifting limit device can withstand; if it is determined to be less than, the limit bar 5 is adjusted to a state where it is separated from the limit rack 3; the processing unit calculates the time taken for the water inlet sensor to detect water inflow and for the level sensor 6 to detect that the water level has reached the target water level; when the time taken is less than a set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device between the drive device and the limit gear 4 to switch, so that the limit gear 4 is in a second working state of transmission engagement with the drive device, so that the parking box 2 can move upward with the power of the drive device; when the time taken is greater than or equal to the set time threshold, the processing unit... The control unit switches the clutch switching device between the drive device and the limit gear 4, so that the limit gear 4 is in the first working state of being disconnected from the drive device, so that the parking box 2 can move upward relative to the water storage tank 1 through the top opening based on the buoyancy of the water and at least partially extend out of the top opening; the water inlet sensor monitors whether there is still rainwater entering the water storage tank 1. If yes, the parking box 2 continues to rise; if no, the rising of the parking box 2 is stopped, and the limit bar 5 is adjusted to be engaged with the limit rack 3; the submersible pump 10 is used to discharge the rainwater from the water storage tank 1, and the water level in the water storage tank 1 is judged. When it is judged that the water level in the water storage tank 1 is below the safe water level, the liquid level sensor 6 monitors whether the current rainwater is below the target water level. If yes, the limit bar 5 is adjusted to be disengaged from the limit rack 3. With the help of the drive device and the cooperation of the limit gear 4 and the limit rack 3, the parking box 2 is driven to descend.

[0072] This invention achieves intelligent control of the lifting and lowering of the parking box 2 by linking components such as the pressure sensor 7 and the liquid level sensor 6 through the processing unit. During rainfall, the pressure sensor 7 first monitors to ensure the safety of lifting and lowering. Then, based on the time it takes for rainwater to enter the water storage tank 1 through the rainwater collection pipe 22, it dynamically switches between buoyancy drive (light rain) and power drive (heavy rain) modes. With the cooperation of the limit gear 4 and the limit rack 3, it ensures that the limit gear 4 is in the first working state for energy efficiency during light rain, and meets the need to quickly expand the storage space by switching to the second working state during heavy rain. After the rain stops, the position of the parking box 2 is fixed by the combination of the limit clip 5 and the limit rack 3. After the rainwater is discharged by the submersible pump 10 through the rainwater utilization pipe 11, the parking box 2 is driven to descend and reset smoothly. The entire process is closely connected and responds precisely. This method not only enables flexible conversion between parking and rainwater storage functions, but also enhances the initiative and efficiency of urban flood response through rainwater overflow pipe 12 to assist drainage. Furthermore, it reduces energy consumption and the need for manual intervention through intelligent control, taking into account both flood prevention and resource recycling, and significantly improving the comprehensive utilization value of underground space and the resilience of urban infrastructure.

[0073] In this invention, the buoyancy lifting mechanism of the parking box 2 is designed based on Archimedes' principle.

[0074] Specifically, each parking space measures 5 meters × 2.5 meters × 2.0 meters. Parking tank 2 has a 4-layer layout (2 × 8 = 16 parking spaces per layer). Considering the spacing of the moving mechanism and the tank thickness, its external dimensions are designed to be 16 meters × 24 meters × 10 meters. The maximum submersion depth within the water tank 1 is 8 meters (the buoyancy core area). According to Archimedes' principle, the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. The calculation formula is:

[0075]

[0076] in, The buoyancy force acting on the box The density of water, It is the acceleration due to gravity. This refers to the volume of water drained from the tank. In this embodiment, the maximum submerged volume of the parking tank 2 is 16m × 24m × 8m = 3072m³. 3 Therefore, the maximum buoyancy force on the box is =3072 Based on the principle of force balance, since the box is floating, the buoyant force acting on it is equal to its own weight. Thus, we get 3072. = Therefore, m = 3072 (tons), so the container can support a maximum weight of 3072 tons through buoyancy. Further derivation shows that the mass (y) of the object that the container can float is linearly related to the submersion depth (h): y (tons) = 384h (meters). This relationship indicates that for every 1 meter increase in submersion depth, an additional 384 tons of buoyancy support can be provided.

[0077] In terms of actual load, the total load of parking box 2 includes the weight of the vehicles and the weight of the box itself. Each floor has 2 × 8 = 16 parking spaces, for a total of 64 parking spaces across 4 floors. Assuming a maximum mass of 2.5 tons for a single car, the maximum total parking mass is 16 × 4 × 2.5 tons = 160 tons. The weight of parking box 2 is set at 200 tons, resulting in a total load of 360 tons. Introducing a safety factor of 1.2, the required buoyancy is 360 tons × 1.2 = 432 tons. Based on the relationship y (tons) = 384h (meters), the required submersion depth h = 432 ÷ 384 = 1.125 meters. This means that when the water level reaches 1.125 meters above the bottom of the box, the buoyancy can completely balance the total load (including the safety factor). At this point, no drive device is needed to provide lift, directly supporting the functional design of "moving upwards relative to the water storage box 1 based on buoyancy," verifying the feasibility of buoyancy-driven operation.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will understand that the aforementioned critical depth of 1.125 meters provides the mechanical basis for the limiting gear 4 to switch to the first working state (buoyancy drive): when the liquid level sensor 6 detects that the water level is up to standard and the buoyancy is balanced, the parking box 2 enters the "suspended and ready to rise" state and rises naturally under the action of buoyancy; at this time, the limiting gear 4 is disconnected from the drive device (first working state) and rotates freely with the limiting rack 3 to stabilize the guide and prevent the box from shaking; at the same time, after each layer is raised, the limiting clip 5 automatically engages with the limiting rack 3 to fix the position, and the lifting is completed through layer-by-layer progression. This mode of buoyancy drive and mechanical guidance positioning not only meets the energy-saving and efficient lifting requirements in light rain scenarios, but also ensures stability through the limiting structure.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underground multi-level parking garage capable of rainwater storage and retention based on buoyancy lifting, characterized in that, include: The water storage tank is hollow inside, at least partially buried below ground level, and is able to receive external rainwater. The parking box is hollow inside, forming a parking space to accommodate vehicles; The water storage tank has a top opening, and the parking box is at least partially housed within the water storage tank from the position of the top opening. The parking box and the water storage tank are configured such that when external rainwater enters the water storage tank to the target water level, the parking box can move upward relative to the water storage tank in the top opening based on the buoyancy of the water and at least partially extend out of the top opening, so as to increase the rainwater storage space in the water storage tank that can receive rainwater.

2. The underground multi-level parking garage according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lifting limiter, which includes a limiting rack arranged on the outside of the parking box and a limiting gear arranged corresponding to the limiting rack; The limiting gear is connected to the drive device in a manner that allows it to switch between transmission engagement and disengagement, giving the limiting gear a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the limiting gear is disengaged from the drive device and can rotate under the drive of the limiting rack to provide a limiting guide for the upward movement of the parking box based on buoyancy. In the second working state, the limiting gear is engaged with the drive device and can drive the limiting rack under the drive of the drive device to drive the parking box to move up and down relative to the water tank.

3. The underground multi-level parking garage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gear and rack assembly formed by the limiting gear and the limiting rack is provided at least once on each of the corresponding sides of the parking box.

4. The underground multi-level parking garage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting limiter also includes a limit bar, which engages with the limit rack in a manner that can switch between mutual engagement and separation, so that the parking box can be locked in position and released when movement is required.

5. The underground multi-level parking garage according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A water inlet sensor is used to monitor whether water has entered the water storage tank; A level sensor is used to monitor whether the water level in the water storage tank has reached the target water level; The processing unit is connected to the water inlet sensor and the liquid level sensor, and calculates the time taken when the water inlet sensor detects the water inlet and when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level has reached the target water level. When the time taken is less than the set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device between the drive device and the limit gear to switch, so that the limit gear is in the second working state; when the time taken is greater than or equal to the set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device to switch, so that the limit gear is in the first working state.

6. The underground multi-level parking garage according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure sensor, which is installed on the base of the tank that supports the parking box inside the water storage tank, and is used to monitor the pressure value after subtracting the maximum buoyancy from the total weight of the parking box. The processing unit is connected to the pressure sensor and determines whether the pressure value of the total weight of the parking box minus the maximum buoyancy detected by the pressure sensor is less than the load that the lifting limiter can withstand; when it is determined to be less than, the limit bar is adjusted to a state where it is separated from the limit rack. When it is determined that the time taken is less than the set time threshold, the control drive device drives the limit gear to rotate, so as to drive the parking box to rise with the power of the drive device.

7. The underground multi-level parking garage according to claim 6, characterized in that, An emergency opening is provided on one side of the parking box, and a sealed door is provided on the water tank corresponding to the emergency opening. In the initial state, the sealed door cooperates with the emergency opening in a manner that can completely seal the emergency opening. As the parking box moves upward relative to the water tank, the emergency opening can be opened at least partially relative to the sealed door to form an emergency exit that can discharge vehicles to the ground.

8. The underground multi-level parking garage according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water storage tank is equipped with a water collection pit, and a submersible pump is installed corresponding to the water collection pit. The submersible pump is connected to the outside of the water storage tank via a rainwater utilization pipe. The water storage tank is also equipped with a rainwater overflow pipe that is connected to the outside to discharge rainwater from the water storage tank.

9. The underground multi-level parking garage according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The top of the parking box is level with the ground to form a platform for residents' activities.

10. A method of using an underground multi-level parking garage according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Place at least part of the parking box inside the water tank, with the top of the parking box level with the ground; When it rains, the processing unit determines whether the pressure value of the total weight of the parking box minus the maximum buoyancy, as monitored by the pressure sensor, is less than the load that the lifting limiter can withstand. If it is determined to be less than, the limit bar is adjusted to a state where it is separated from the limit rack. The processing unit calculates the time taken when the inlet water sensor detects the inlet water and when the level sensor detects that the water level has reached the target level. When the time taken is less than the set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device between the drive device and the limit gear to switch, so that the limit gear is in the second working state of being engaged with the drive device, so that the parking box can move upward with the help of the drive device. When the time taken is greater than or equal to the set time threshold, the processing unit controls the clutch switching device between the drive device and the limit gear to switch, so that the limit gear is in the first working state of being disconnected from the drive device, so that the parking box can move upward relative to the water tank in the top opening based on the buoyancy of the water and at least partially extend out of the top opening. The system monitors whether rainwater is still entering the water storage tank using a water inlet sensor. If yes, the parking tank continues to rise; if no, the system stops rising and the limit switch is adjusted to engage with the limit rack. Use a submersible pump to drain the rainwater from the storage tank and check the water level inside the tank. When the water level in the storage tank is determined to be below the safe water level, [the water level is checked]. The liquid level sensor monitors whether the current rainwater level is below the target level. If so, the limit bar is adjusted to be separated from the limit rack. With the help of the drive device and the cooperation between the limit gear and the limit rack, the parking box is driven to descend.

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