Display device

Abstract

The invention provides a display device. The display device comprises a backlight module; the light adjusting unit is arranged on the backlight module and comprises a first substrate; the second substrate is arranged corresponding to the first substrate; the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; the first electrode layer is arranged between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer and comprises a plurality of first patterns; the display unit is arranged on the light adjusting unit; wherein each of the plurality of first patterns has a first width, two adjacent first patterns of the plurality of first patterns have a first distance, the ratio of the first width to the first distance is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 7.5, and the phase delay of the liquid crystal layer is greater than or equal to 500 nm and less than or equal to 2700 nm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of display devices, and more particularly to a display device with privacy protection. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of technology, display devices are moving towards designs that prioritize privacy, low power consumption, high quality, or low cost. Currently, most displays achieve privacy by attaching privacy screens or using collimated backlight modules to concentrate the light source. However, these methods still suffer from drawbacks such as high power consumption, high cost, or low yield rates.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need to provide a new display device to improve the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a display device, characterized in that it comprises: a backlight module; a light adjustment unit disposed on the backlight module and comprising: a first substrate; a second substrate disposed corresponding to the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first electrode layer disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer and comprising a plurality of first patterns; and a display unit disposed on the light adjustment unit; wherein each of the plurality of first patterns has a first width, and two adjacent first patterns of the plurality of first patterns have a first distance, the ratio of the first width to the first distance is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 7.5, and the phase retardation of the liquid crystal layer is greater than or equal to 500 nm and less than or equal to 2700 nm. Attached Figure Description

[0005] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0006] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a light adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0007] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0008] Figure 4 A graph is plotted for the ratio of the first width to the first distance of the electrode of the light adjustment unit of an embodiment of the present disclosure under different first spacings, against the ratio of 45-degree angle brightness to 0-degree angle brightness;

[0009] Figure 5 A graph is plotted for the ratio of the first width to the first distance of the electrode of the light adjustment unit of an embodiment of the present disclosure under different phase delays, against the ratio of 45-degree angle brightness to 0-degree angle brightness;

[0010] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of a light adjustment unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0011] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light adjustment unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 8 A graph is plotted for the ratio of the first width to the first distance of the electrode of the light adjustment unit of another embodiment of the present disclosure under different first spacings, against the ratio of 45-degree angle brightness to 0-degree angle brightness;

[0013] Figure 9 A graph is plotted for the ratio of the first width to the first distance of the electrode of the light adjustment unit of another embodiment of the present disclosure under different phase delays, against the ratio of 45-degree angle brightness to 0-degree angle brightness;

[0014] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of a light adjustment unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of a light adjustment unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Images]

[0017] 1. Backlight Module

[0018] 100 display devices

[0019] 2 Light Adjustment Units

[0020] 21 First Substrate

[0021] 22 Second substrate

[0022] 23 Liquid Crystal Layer

[0023] 24 First Electrode Layer

[0024] 241 First Pattern

[0025] 2411 First Electrode

[0026] 2412 Second Electrode

[0027] 25 Second electrode layer

[0028] 251 Second Pattern

[0029] 2511 Third Electrode

[0030] 2512 Fourth Electrode

[0031] 26 First alignment film

[0032] 27 Second alignment membrane

[0033] 3 Display Units

[0034] 31 Third polarizer

[0035] 32 Third substrate

[0036] 33 Third electrode layer

[0037] 34 Fourth Substrate

[0038] 35. Fourth polarizer

[0039] a angle

[0040] L (length direction)

[0041] Re phase delay

[0042] P1 First Spacing

[0043] P2 Second Spacing

[0044] S1 First Distance

[0045] S2 Second Distance

[0046] W1 First Width

[0047] W2 Second Width Detailed Implementation

[0048] The following provides a detailed description of an electronic device based on embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the following description provides many different embodiments for implementing various schemes of some embodiments of the present disclosure. The specific elements and arrangements described below are merely for simple and clear description of some embodiments of the present disclosure. Of course, these are for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting the present disclosure. Furthermore, similar and / or corresponding reference numerals may be used in different embodiments to identify similar and / or corresponding elements for clear description of the present disclosure. However, the use of these similar and / or corresponding reference numerals is only for simple and clear description of some embodiments of the present disclosure and does not represent any association between the different embodiments and / or structures discussed.

[0049] This disclosure can be used in conjunction with the attached... Figure 1It is understood that the accompanying drawings of this disclosure are also considered part of the disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings of this disclosure are not drawn to scale; in fact, the dimensions of elements may be arbitrarily enlarged or reduced to clearly show the features of this disclosure. Furthermore, directional terms used in this disclosure, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the direction of the drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for illustration and not for limiting the scope of this disclosure. In the drawings, each figure illustrates the general characteristics of the methods, structures, and / or materials used in a particular embodiment. However, these figures should not be construed as defining or limiting the scope or nature covered by these embodiments. For example, for clarity, the relative dimensions, thicknesses, and positions of various film layers, regions, and / or structures may be reduced or enlarged.

[0050] In this disclosure, a structure (or layer, element, substrate) located above / above another structure (or layer, element, substrate) can refer to the two structures being adjacent and directly connected, or to the two structures being adjacent but not directly connected. Indirect connection means that there is at least one intermediate structure (or intermediate layer, intermediate element, intermediate substrate, intermediate spacer) between the two structures, with the lower surface of one structure adjacent to or directly connected to the upper surface of the intermediate structure, and the upper surface of the other structure adjacent to or directly connected to the lower surface of the intermediate structure. The intermediate structure can be composed of a single or multiple solid or non-solid structure, without limitation. In this disclosure, when a structure is positioned "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is "directly" on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" on the other structure, meaning that at least one structure is sandwiched between the structure and the other structures.

[0051] Furthermore, it should be understood that the ordinal numbers used in the specification and claims, such as "first," "second," etc., to modify elements, do not in themselves imply any prior ordinal number for that element (or those elements), nor do they represent the order of one element with another, or the order of manufacturing processes. The use of these ordinal numbers is solely to clearly distinguish one named element from another element with the same name. The claims and specification may not use the same terminology; for example, the first element in the specification may be the second element in the claims.

[0052] In some embodiments of this disclosure, terms such as "connection" and "interconnection," unless specifically defined, may refer to two structures being in direct contact, or to two structures not being in direct contact, wherein another structure is disposed between the two structures. Furthermore, these terms regarding engagement and connection may also include cases where both structures are movable or both structures are fixed. In addition, the terms "electrical connection" or "coupling" include any direct and indirect electrical connection means.

[0053] In this document, the terms "approximately," "actually," and "roughly" typically indicate that a given value or range is within 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5%. Unless otherwise stated, the phrase "range between a first value and a second value" means that the range includes the first value, the second value, and other values ​​in between. Furthermore, any two values ​​or directions used for comparison may have a certain degree of error. If the first value is equal to the second value, it implies that there may be an error of approximately 10% between the first and second values; if the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the angle between the first and second directions may be between 80 and 100 degrees; if the first direction is parallel to the second direction, the angle between the first and second directions may be between 0 and 10 degrees. In this disclosure, the terms "given range is between a first value and a second value" and "given range falls within the range between a first value and a second value" mean that the given range includes the first value, the second value, and other values ​​in between.

[0054] Furthermore, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the thickness, length, width, or distance and angle between components can be measured using an optical microscopy (OM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), an alpha-step thickness gauge, an ellipsometry, or other suitable methods. Specifically, according to some embodiments, a scanning electron microscope can be used to obtain cross-sectional images of the structure and to measure the thickness, length, width, or distance and angle between components.

[0055] Throughout this disclosure and in the claims, certain terms are used to refer to specific elements. Those skilled in the art will understand that electronic device manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same element. This document is not intended to distinguish between elements that have the same function but different names. In the following description and claims, words such as “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are open-ended terms and should therefore be interpreted as “including but not limited to.” Thus, when the terms “comprising,” “including,” and / or “having” are used in the description of this disclosure, they specify the presence of the corresponding feature, area, step, operation, and / or element, but do not exclude the presence of one or more of the corresponding feature, area, step, operation, and / or element.

[0056] It should be understood that the embodiments listed below can be modified by substituting, reorganizing, or combining features from several different embodiments to complete other embodiments without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. Features between embodiments can be arbitrarily combined and used as long as they do not violate the spirit of the invention or conflict with it.

[0057] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It is understood that these terms, for example, as defined in a commonly used dictionary, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the relevant art and the background or context of this disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner, unless specifically defined in the embodiments of this disclosure. This disclosure can be understood by referring to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, for ease of understanding by those skilled in the art and for the sake of brevity, many of the drawings in this disclosure depict only a portion of the electronic device, and specific elements in the drawings are not drawn to scale. Furthermore, the number and dimensions of the elements in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0058] The electronic device disclosed herein may include electronic components. Electronic components may include passive components, active components, or combinations thereof, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, varactor diodes, variable capacitors, filters, diodes, transistors, sensors, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) components, liquid crystal chips, etc., but this disclosure is not limited thereto. Diodes may include light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or non-light-emitting diodes. Diodes include PN junction diodes, PIN diodes, or constant current diodes. Light-emitting diodes may include, for example, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), mini LEDs, micro LEDs, quantum dot LEDs, fluorescent, phosphorescent, or other suitable materials, or combinations thereof, but are not limited thereto. Sensors may include, for example, capacitive sensors, optical sensors, electromagnetic sensors, fingerprint sensors (FPS), touch sensors, antennas, or pen sensors, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. The following description uses a display device as an example of an electronic device to illustrate the contents of this disclosure, but this is not intended to limit it.

[0059] Electronic devices may include, but are not limited to, image capturing devices, bonding devices, display devices, backlight devices, antenna devices, splicing devices, touch displays, curved displays, or freeshape displays. Electronic devices may include, for example, liquid crystal, light-emitting diodes, fluorescent, phosphorescent, other suitable display media, or combinations thereof, but are not limited to. Display devices may be non-emissive or self-emissive. Antenna devices may be liquid crystal or non-liquid crystal antenna devices, and sensing devices may be sensing capacitance, light, heat, or ultrasound, but are not limited to. Splicing devices may be, for example, display splicing devices or antenna splicing devices, but are not limited to. It should be noted that electronic devices may be any arrangement or combination of the foregoing, but are not limited to. Electronic devices may be bendable or flexible. It should be noted that electronic devices may be any arrangement or combination of the foregoing, but are not limited to. Furthermore, the electronic device can be rectangular, circular, polygonal, have curved edges, or other suitable shapes. The electronic device may have peripheral systems such as a drive system, control system, light source system, and shelving system to support display devices, antenna devices, or splicing devices. It should be understood that the features listed below can be replaced, recombined, or mixed to complete other embodiments without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. Features between embodiments can be arbitrarily mixed and matched as long as they do not violate the spirit of the invention or conflict with it. It should be noted that the technical solutions provided in the different embodiments below can be substituted, combined, or mixed with each other to constitute another embodiment without violating the spirit of this disclosure.

[0060] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a light adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Wherein, Figures 1 to 3 The display area of ​​the display device of this disclosure is shown, but the non-display area is not shown; and for clarity, Figure 1 Some components are not shown Figure 2 In the middle, and Figure 3 The liquid crystal layer 23 was not displayed. Figures 1 to 2 middle.

[0061] In one embodiment of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the display device 100 includes a backlight module 1, a light adjustment unit 2, and a display unit 3. The light adjustment unit 2 is disposed on the backlight module 1, and the display unit 3 is disposed on the light adjustment unit 2. The light adjustment unit 2 includes a first substrate 21, a second substrate 22, and a liquid crystal layer 23. The second substrate 22 is disposed corresponding to the first substrate 21, and the liquid crystal layer 23 is disposed between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22. The light adjustment unit 2 also includes a first electrode layer 24 disposed between the first substrate 21 and the liquid crystal layer 23, and includes a plurality of first patterns 241. Each of the plurality of first patterns 241 has a first width W1, and two adjacent first patterns 241 have a first distance S1. The ratio of the first width W1 to the first distance S1 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 7.5 (0.5 ≦ W1 / S1 ≦ 7.5), and the phase retardation Re of the liquid crystal layer 23 is greater than or equal to 500 nm and less than or equal to 2700 nm (500 nm ≦ Re ≦ 2700 nm). Here, the first width W1 refers to the distance of each first pattern 241 in the second direction Y. For example, the first width W1 is the maximum distance between the first electrode 2411 and / or the second electrode 2412 in the second direction Y. Furthermore, the first distance S1 refers to the distance between two adjacent first patterns 241 in the second direction Y; for example, one of two adjacent first patterns 241 of the plurality of first patterns 241 is a first electrode 2411, and the other of two adjacent first patterns 241 of the plurality of first patterns 241 is a second electrode 2412, and the first distance S1 refers to the minimum distance between the first electrode 2411 and the second electrode 2412 in the second direction Y.

[0062] In this disclosure, the backlight module 1 may include an optical film, such as a diffuser, a prism sheet (BEF), a reflective brightness enhancement film (DBEF), or a viewing angle control film. The viewing angle control film controls the direction of light travel, allowing the display device 100 to have a privacy orientation, thereby achieving a privacy effect. The backlight module 1 may, for example, provide a focused or collimated light pattern, but is not limited thereto.

[0063] In addition, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 23 of this disclosure is horizontally aligned near the first substrate 21, and the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 23 is horizontally aligned near the second substrate 22. The liquid crystal layer 23 of the light adjustment unit 2 is driven by the electric field generated by the voltage applied between the plurality of first patterns 241 of the first electrode layer 24, thereby changing its state (the angle of rotation of the liquid crystal), so that the display device 100 switches between a sharing mode and a privacy mode. Each first pattern 241 of the light adjustment unit 2 of this disclosure has a length direction L, which is actually parallel to the first direction X, and the privacy direction is actually perpendicular to the length direction L of the plurality of first patterns 241 (i.e., the privacy direction is parallel to the second direction Y). In this disclosure, the plurality of first patterns 241 may each have a rectangular shape, but this disclosure is not limited to this; as long as the length direction L of the first pattern 241 is actually parallel to the first direction X, the privacy effect can be achieved.

[0064] In this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, one of two adjacent first patterns 241 of the plurality of first patterns 241 is a first electrode 2411, and the other of two adjacent first patterns 241 is a second electrode 2412. The first electrode 2411 is different from the second electrode 2412. More specifically, the voltage of the first electrode 2411 may be different from the voltage of the second electrode 2412. For example, one of the first electrode 2411 and the second electrode 2412 may be a pixel electrode, and the other may be a common electrode, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0065] Secondly, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the light adjustment unit 2 may include a first alignment film 26 disposed between the first substrate 21 and the liquid crystal layer 23. The first alignment film 26 has a first rubbing direction (not shown), and one of the plurality of first patterns 241 has a length direction L. The first rubbing direction is perpendicular to the length direction L (e.g., at an angle between 80° and 100°) or parallel to it (e.g., at an angle between 0° and 10°). The light adjustment unit 2 may further include a second alignment film 27 disposed between the second substrate 22 and the liquid crystal layer 23. The second alignment film 27 has a second rubbing direction (not shown). In some embodiments, the first rubbing direction is actually parallel to the second rubbing direction. Here, the first and second rubbing directions refer to the directions of mechanically oriented brushing or photolithography on the first alignment film 26 and the second alignment film 27, respectively, to achieve the effect of liquid crystal alignment.

[0066] In this disclosure, such as Figure 1As shown, the display unit 3 includes a first polarizer 31, a third substrate 32, a third electrode layer 33, a fourth substrate 34, and a second polarizer 35. The third substrate 32 is disposed on the first polarizer 31, and the second polarizer 35 is disposed on the fourth substrate 34. The fourth substrate 34 is disposed opposite to the third substrate 32. The third electrode layer 33 is disposed between the third substrate 32 and the fourth substrate 34, and has a plurality of third patterns, wherein one of the plurality of third patterns has an angle α with the second direction Y, and the angle α is an acute angle less than 90 degrees. Although not shown, the display unit 3 may include a display medium layer (e.g., a liquid crystal layer) disposed between the third substrate 32 and the fourth substrate 34. In addition, although not shown, the display unit 3 may also include: an alignment layer disposed between the third electrode layer 33 and the display medium layer; and another alignment layer disposed between the fourth substrate 34 and the display medium layer. The type of the display unit 3 may be, for example, a suitable type such as fringe field switching (FFS) or in-plane switching (IPS).

[0067] In this disclosure, the first substrate 21, the second substrate 22, the third substrate 32, and / or the fourth substrate 34 may comprise a rigid substrate, a flexible substrate, or a flexible substrate. The materials of the first substrate 21, the second substrate 22, the third substrate 32, and / or the fourth substrate 34 may be the same or different from each other. The materials of the first substrate 21, the second substrate 22, the third substrate 32, and / or the fourth substrate 34 may each comprise glass, quartz, sapphire, ceramic, plastic, polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), other suitable materials, or combinations thereof, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. When the first substrate 21, the second substrate 22, the third substrate 32, and / or the fourth substrate 34 are flexible substrates, the display device 100 of this disclosure may be a flexible display device.

[0068] Although not shown in this disclosure, active elements (e.g., transistors), wires (not shown), insulating layers (not shown), or combinations thereof may be disposed on the first substrate 21, the second substrate 22, the third substrate 32, and / or the fourth substrate 34, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0069] In this disclosure, the materials of the first electrode layer 24 and / or the third electrode layer 33 may be the same or different from each other. The materials of the first electrode layer 24 and / or the third electrode layer 33 may each contain a transparent conductive material, such as indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin oxide (ITO), indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), or combinations thereof, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0070] The display device 100 of this disclosure illuminates the backlight in the backlight module 1, wherein the backlight can be, for example, a concentrated light pattern. When the light adjustment unit 2 applies voltage, the light pattern diffuses, achieving a diffused light effect, thus enabling the display device 100 to present a shared mode; conversely, when the light adjustment unit 2 does not apply voltage, the light pattern is concentrated, achieving a privacy effect, thus enabling the display device 100 to present a privacy mode. By switching between applied and unapplied voltage by the light adjustment unit 2, the display device 100 of this disclosure can switch between a shared mode and a privacy mode, achieving a switchable privacy requirement.

[0071] In the display device 100 which has a switchable privacy mode and a sharing mode, in addition to having good privacy protection performance in privacy mode, it must also have good light dispersion performance in sharing mode. Figure 4 In a shared mode, the ratio of the first width to the first distance of the electrodes under different first spacings is plotted against the ratio of 45-degree angle brightness to 0-degree angle brightness in the light adjustment unit of one embodiment of this disclosure, where L45 is the 45-degree angle brightness and L0 is the 0-degree angle brightness. Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the astigmatism performance of different first spacings P1 in the shared mode is explained under the condition that the liquid crystal layer 23 has the same phase retardation Re (e.g., a phase retardation Re of 2160 nm). Considering process conditions, reducing signal interference between multiple first patterns 241 in the same layer, and / or having a specific privacy protection effect in privacy mode, the first spacing P1 between multiple first patterns 241 can be between 6 µm and 12 µm (6 µm ≦ P1 ≦ 12 µm) to ensure that the display device 100 has good astigmatism effect. The preferred range of the first spacing P1 can be, for example, between 8 µm and 10 µm (8 µm ≦ P1 ≦ 10 µm), approximately 8 µm, approximately 9 µm, or approximately 10 µm. Here, the first spacing P1 refers to the sum of the first width W1 and the first distance S1 (i.e., P1 = W1 + S1). In some embodiments, the first spacing P1 refers to the distance between the edges of two adjacent first patterns 241 on the same side. For example, the two adjacent first patterns 241 are a first electrode 2411 and a second electrode 2412, and the first spacing P1 is the distance from the left edge of the first electrode 2411 to the left edge of the second electrode 2412.

[0072] Figure 5 In a shared mode, the ratio of the first width to the first distance of the electrodes under different phase delays in an embodiment of the light adjustment unit of this disclosure is plotted against the ratio of 45-degree angle brightness to 0-degree angle brightness, where L45 is the 45-degree angle brightness and L0 is the 0-degree angle brightness. Figure 1 and Figures 3 to 5 As shown, under the condition of the same first pitch P1 (e.g., the first pitch P1 is 8µm), when the phase retardation Re of the liquid crystal layer 23 is less than 500 nm, the light-adjusting unit 2 has poor light-scattering effect. When the phase retardation Re of the liquid crystal layer 23 is greater than 2700 nm, the light-scattering effect is not significantly improved. However, the material cost and process of the liquid crystal layer 23 are greatly increased, resulting in poor efficiency. Therefore, the phase retardation Re of the liquid crystal layer 23 can be greater than or equal to 500 nm and less than or equal to 2700 nm (500 nm ≦ Re ≦ 2700 nm), for example, greater than or equal to 700 nm and less than or equal to 2500 nm (700 nm ≦ Re ≦ 2500 nm), greater than or equal to 900 nm and less than or equal to 2300 nm (900 nm ≦ Re ≦ 2300 nm), or greater than or equal to 1100 nm and less than or equal to 2200 nm (1100 nm ≦ Re ≦ 2200 nm).

[0073] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of a light adjustment unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light adjustment unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, and please also refer to... Figures 1 to 3 .because Figure 6 and Figure 7 Some features of the embodiments are applicable Figures 1 to 3 The embodiments are described in detail here, and therefore will not be repeated. The following mainly focuses on the differences. Compared to Figures 1 to 3 Example, Figure 6 and Figure 7 The light adjustment unit 2 in this embodiment further includes a second electrode layer 25 disposed between the second substrate 22 and the liquid crystal layer 23. The second electrode layer 25 includes a second pattern 251 overlapping a plurality of first patterns 241. The second pattern 251 serves as a third electrode 2511, and the voltage of the third electrode 2511 is between the voltage of the first electrode 2411 and the voltage of the second electrode 2412. The first electrode 2411 and the second electrode 2412 may, for example, be pixel electrodes with different voltages, and the third electrode 2511 may, for example, be a common electrode, but this is not a limitation. In some embodiments, the material of the first electrode layer 24 may be different from the material of the second electrode layer 25.

[0074] Furthermore, the voltage difference between the first electrode 2411 and the third electrode 2511 is equal to the voltage difference between the second electrode 2412 and the third electrode 2511. For example, the voltage of the first electrode 2411 is 5V, the voltage of the second electrode 2412 is -5V, and the voltage of the third electrode 2511 is 0V; or, the voltage of the first electrode 2411 is 12V, the voltage of the second electrode 2412 is 2V, and the voltage of the third electrode 2511 is 7V; however, this disclosure is not limited to these. Here, the voltage relationship between the first electrode 2411, the second electrode 2412, and the third electrode 2511 is a relative concept.

[0075] In this disclosure, the second electrode layer 25 is a planar electrode, and its material may include transparent conductive materials, such as indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin oxide (ITO), indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), or combinations thereof, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0076] In this disclosure, the light adjustment unit 2 may further include a first alignment film 26 disposed between the first substrate 21 and the liquid crystal layer 23. The first alignment film 26 has a first rubbing direction (not shown), and one of the plurality of first patterns 241 has a length direction L. The first rubbing direction is perpendicular to the length direction L (e.g., at an angle between 80° and 100°) or parallel to it (e.g., at an angle between 0° and 10°). Here, the first rubbing direction refers to the direction of mechanically oriented brushing or photolithography on the first alignment film 26, used to achieve the effect of liquid crystal alignment. Furthermore, the light adjustment unit 2 may also include a second alignment film 27 disposed between the second substrate 22 and the liquid crystal layer 23. The second rubbing direction of the second alignment film 27 is actually parallel to the first rubbing direction. Here, the formation method and effect of the second rubbing direction are similar to those of the first rubbing direction, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0077] In this disclosure, such as Figure 7 As shown, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 23 of this disclosure is vertically aligned near the first substrate 21, and the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 23 is horizontally aligned near the second substrate 22.

[0078] Figure 8 In another embodiment of this disclosure, the light adjustment unit in shared mode plots the ratio of the first width to the first distance of the electrodes under different first spacings against the ratio of 45-degree angle brightness to 0-degree angle brightness, where L45 is the 45-degree angle brightness and L0 is the 0-degree angle brightness. Figures 6 to 8As shown, the astigmatism performance of different first spacings P1 in the shared mode is explained under the condition that the liquid crystal layer 23 has the same phase retardation Re (e.g., a phase retardation Re of 2160 nm). Considering process conditions, reducing signal interference between multiple first patterns 241 in the same layer, and / or having a specific privacy protection effect in privacy mode, the first spacing P1 between multiple first patterns 241 can be between 6 µm and 12 µm (6 µm ≦ P1 ≦ 12 µm) to ensure that the display device 100 has good astigmatism effect. The preferred range of the first spacing P1 can be, for example, between 8 µm and 10 µm (8 µm ≦ P1 ≦ 10 µm), approximately 8 µm, approximately 9 µm, or approximately 10 µm. Here, the explanation of the first spacing P1 is the same as that described above. Furthermore, in this disclosure, the ratio of the first width W1 to the first distance S1 can be greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 7.5 (0.5≦W1 / S1≦7.5), for example, greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 3 (0.5≦W1 / S1≦3).

[0079] Figure 9 In another embodiment of this disclosure, the ratio of the first width to the first distance of the electrodes under different phase delays in the shared mode is plotted against the ratio of 45-degree angle brightness to 0-degree angle brightness, where L45 is the 45-degree angle brightness and L0 is the 0-degree angle brightness. Figures 6 to 7 and Figure 9 As shown, under the condition of the same first pitch P1 (e.g., the first pitch P1 is 8µm), when the phase retardation Re of the liquid crystal layer 23 is less than 500 nm, the light-adjusting unit 2 has poor light-scattering effect. When the phase retardation Re of the liquid crystal layer 23 is greater than 2700 nm, the light-scattering effect is not significantly improved. However, the material cost and process of the liquid crystal layer 23 are greatly increased, resulting in poor efficiency. Therefore, the phase retardation Re of the liquid crystal layer 23 can be greater than or equal to 500 nm and less than or equal to 2700 nm (500 nm ≦ Re ≦ 2700 nm), for example, greater than or equal to 700 nm and less than or equal to 2500 nm (700 nm ≦ Re ≦ 2500 nm), greater than or equal to 900 nm and less than or equal to 2300 nm (900 nm ≦ Re ≦ 2300 nm), or greater than or equal to 1100 nm and less than or equal to 2200 nm (1100 nm ≦ Re ≦ 2200 nm).

[0080] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of a light adjustment unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, and please also refer to... Figures 1 to 3 .because Figure 10 Some features of the embodiment, the ratio range of the first width W1 to the first distance S1, and the phase retardation Re range of the liquid crystal layer 23 are applicable. Figures 1 to 3The embodiments are described in detail here, and therefore will not be repeated. The following mainly focuses on the differences. Compared to Figures 1 to 3 Example, Figure 10 The light adjustment unit 2 in this embodiment further includes a second electrode layer 25 disposed between the second substrate 22 and the liquid crystal layer 23. The second electrode layer 25 includes a plurality of second patterns 251, each of the plurality of second patterns 251 having a second width W2, and two adjacent second patterns 251 having a second distance S2. The ratio of the second width W2 to the second distance S2 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 7.5 (0.5 ≤ W1 / S1 ≤ 7.5), and the ratio of the second spacing P2 to the first spacing P1 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2, but not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first spacing P1 is equal to the second spacing P2 (or, the ratio of the first spacing P1 to the second spacing P2 is 1), but not limited thereto. In one embodiment of this disclosure, the first spacing P1 and the second spacing P2 are multiples of each other. Here, the first spacing P1 refers to the sum of the first width W1 and the first distance S1 (i.e., P1 = W1 + S1), and the second spacing P2 refers to the sum of the second width W2 and the second distance S2 (i.e., P2 = W2 + S2). In some embodiments, the first spacing P1 refers to the distance between the edges of two adjacent first patterns 241 on the same side, and the second spacing P2 refers to the distance between the edges of two adjacent second patterns 251 on the same side.

[0081] In this disclosure, one of two adjacent first patterns 241 of a plurality of first patterns 241 is a first electrode 2411, and the other of two adjacent first patterns 241 is a second electrode 2412. The first electrode 2411 is different from the second electrode 2412. Similarly, one of two adjacent second patterns 251 of a plurality of second patterns 251 is a third electrode 2511, and the other of two adjacent second patterns 251 is a fourth electrode 2512. The third electrode 2511 is different from the fourth electrode 2512. More specifically, the voltage of the first electrode 2411 may be different from the voltage of the second electrode 2412, and the voltage of the third electrode 2511 may be different from the voltage of the fourth electrode 2512. The first electrode 2411 overlaps with the third electrode 2511, and the second electrode 2412 overlaps with the fourth electrode 2512. In some embodiments, the first electrode 2411 and the fourth electrode 2512 are the same electrode, and the second electrode 2412 and the third electrode 2511 are the same electrode. In some embodiments, one of the first electrode 2411 and the second electrode 2412 is a pixel electrode, and the other is a common electrode, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the material of the first electrode layer 24 may be different from the material of the second electrode layer 25.

[0082] In this disclosure, the first electrode 2411 and the third electrode 2511 are different electrodes, and the second electrode 2412 and the fourth electrode 2512 are different electrodes. Specifically, the voltage of the first electrode 2411 may be different from the voltage of the third electrode 2511, and the voltage of the second electrode 2412 may be different from the voltage of the fourth electrode 2512. In some embodiments, the voltage difference between the first electrode 2411 and the third electrode 2511 is equal to the voltage difference between the fourth electrode 2512 and the second electrode 2412. In some embodiments, the voltage of one of the first electrode 2411 and the second electrode 2412 is 0V, and the voltage of the other is a positive or negative voltage. For example, the voltage between the first electrode 2411 and the fourth electrode 2512 is 0V, and the voltage between the second electrode 2412 and the third electrode 2511 is 5V, but this is not a limitation. In other embodiments, the first electrode 2411 and the third electrode 2511 are opposite electrodes, the second electrode 2412 and the fourth electrode 2512 are opposite electrodes, and the first electrode 2411 and the second electrode 2412 are opposite electrodes, and the third electrode 2511 and the fourth electrode 2512 are opposite electrodes. Here, opposite electrodes mean that the two electrodes have opposite electrical properties. For example, the first electrode 2411 is the positive electrode and the second electrode 2412 is the negative electrode; or, the first electrode 2411 is the negative electrode and the second electrode 2412 is the positive electrode.

[0083] In this disclosure, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 23 is horizontally aligned near the first substrate 21, and the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 23 is horizontally aligned near the second substrate 22.

[0084] In this disclosure, the material of the second electrode layer 25 may include a transparent conductive material, such as indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin oxide (ITO), indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), or combinations thereof, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0085] In this disclosure, the light adjustment unit 2 may further include a first alignment film 26 (reference 26). Figure 3 The first alignment film 26 is disposed between the first substrate 21 and the liquid crystal layer 23. The first alignment film 26 has a first rubbing direction (not shown), and one of the plurality of first patterns 241 has a length direction L. The first rubbing direction is perpendicular to the length direction L (e.g., at an angle between 80° and 100°) or parallel to it (e.g., at an angle between 0° and 10°). Here, the first rubbing direction refers to the direction of mechanically oriented brushing or photolithography on the first alignment film 26, used to achieve the effect of liquid crystal alignment. Furthermore, the light adjustment unit 2 may also include a second alignment film 27 (see reference). Figure 3The second alignment film 27 is disposed between the second substrate 22 and the liquid crystal layer 23, wherein the second friction direction of the second alignment film 27 is actually parallel to the first friction direction. Here, the formation method and effect of the second friction direction are similar to those of the first friction direction, so they will not be described in detail.

[0086] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of a light adjustment unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Because... Figure 11 Some features of the embodiment, the ratio range of the first width W1 to the first distance S1, and the phase retardation Re range of the liquid crystal layer 23 are applicable. Figures 1 to 3 The embodiments are described in detail here, and therefore will not be repeated. The following mainly focuses on the differences. Compared to Figures 1 to 3 Example, Figure 11 The light adjustment unit 2 in this embodiment further includes a second electrode layer 25 disposed between the second substrate 22 and the liquid crystal layer 23. The second electrode layer 25 includes a plurality of second patterns 251, one of the plurality of first patterns 241 being a first electrode 2411, and one of the plurality of second patterns 251 being a second electrode 2511, wherein the first electrode 2411 is different from the second electrode 2511. More specifically, the voltage of the first electrode 2411 may be different from the voltage of the second electrode 2511. For example, one of the first electrode 2411 and the second electrode 2511 may be a pixel electrode, and the other may be a common electrode, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the material of the first electrode layer 24 may be different from the material of the second electrode layer 25. Furthermore, in this disclosure, the plurality of first patterns 241 and the plurality of second patterns 251 overlap each other, and the first spacing P1 is equal to the second spacing P2 (or, the ratio of the first spacing P1 to the second spacing P2 is 1). In some embodiments, the first width W1 of at least one of the plurality of first patterns 241 is equal to the second width W2 of at least one of the plurality of second patterns 251, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first distance S1 between two adjacent first patterns 241 is equal to the second distance S2 between two adjacent second patterns 251, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the voltage of one of the first electrode 2411 and the second electrode 2511 is 0V, and the voltage of the other is a positive voltage or a negative voltage. In other embodiments, the first electrode 2411 and the second electrode 2511 are opposite electrodes. Here, opposite electrodes mean that the two electrodes have opposite electrical properties. For example, the first electrode 2411 is a positive electrode and the second electrode 2511 is a negative electrode; or, the first electrode 2411 is a negative electrode and the second electrode 2511 is a positive electrode.

[0087] In this disclosure, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 23 is horizontally aligned near the first substrate 21, and the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 23 is horizontally aligned near the second substrate 22.

[0088] In this disclosure, the material of the second electrode layer 25 may include a transparent conductive material, such as indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin oxide (ITO), indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), or combinations thereof, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0089] In this disclosure, the light adjustment unit 2 may further include a first alignment film 26 (reference 26). Figure 3 The first alignment film 26 is disposed between the first substrate 21 and the liquid crystal layer 23. The first alignment film 26 has a first rubbing direction (not shown), and one of the plurality of first patterns 241 has a length direction L. The first rubbing direction is perpendicular to the length direction L (e.g., at an angle between 80° and 100°) or parallel to it (e.g., at an angle between 0° and 10°). Here, the first rubbing direction refers to the direction of mechanically oriented brushing or photolithography on the first alignment film 26, used to achieve the effect of liquid crystal alignment. Furthermore, the light adjustment unit 2 may also include a second alignment film 27 (see reference). Figure 3 The second alignment film 27 is disposed between the second substrate 22 and the liquid crystal layer 23, wherein the second friction direction of the second alignment film 27 is actually parallel to the first friction direction. Here, the formation method and effect of the second friction direction are similar to those of the first friction direction, so they will not be described in detail.

[0090] The specific embodiments described above should be interpreted as merely illustrative and not as limiting the remainder of this disclosure in any way.

[0091] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this disclosure. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, Include: One backlight module; A light adjustment unit is disposed on the backlight module and includes: A first substrate; A second substrate is disposed corresponding to the first substrate; A liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and A first electrode layer is disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer, and includes a plurality of first patterns; as well as A display unit is disposed on the light adjustment unit; Each of the plurality of first patterns has a first width, and two adjacent first patterns of the plurality of first patterns have a first distance, the ratio of the first width to the first distance is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 7.5, and the phase retardation of the liquid crystal layer is greater than or equal to 500 nm and less than or equal to 2700 nm.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of two adjacent first patterns of the plurality of first patterns is a first electrode, and the other of two adjacent first patterns of the plurality of first patterns is a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is different from the second electrode.

3. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light adjustment unit further includes a second electrode layer disposed between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer, wherein the second electrode layer includes a second pattern that overlaps the plurality of first patterns, wherein the second pattern is a third electrode, and the voltage of the third electrode is between the voltage of the first electrode and the voltage of the second electrode.

4. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The voltage difference between the first electrode and the third electrode is equal to the voltage difference between the second electrode and the third electrode.

5. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is vertically aligned near the first substrate, and the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is horizontally aligned near the second substrate.

6. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the first width to the first distance is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 3.

7. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light adjustment unit further includes a second electrode layer disposed between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The second electrode layer includes a plurality of second patterns. Two adjacent first patterns of the plurality of first patterns have a first spacing, and two adjacent second patterns of the plurality of second patterns have a second spacing. The ratio of the second spacing to the first spacing is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2.

8. The display device according to claim 7, characterized in that, One of two adjacent first patterns of the plurality of first patterns is a first electrode, and the other of two adjacent first patterns of the plurality of first patterns is a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is different from the second electrode; and one of two adjacent second patterns of the plurality of second patterns is a third electrode, and the other of two adjacent second patterns of the plurality of second patterns is a fourth electrode, wherein the third electrode is different from the fourth electrode.

9. The display device according to claim 7, characterized in that, One of the plurality of first patterns is a first electrode, and one of the plurality of second patterns is a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is different from the second electrode.

10. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light adjustment unit further includes a first alignment film and a second alignment film. The first alignment film is disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer, and the second alignment film is disposed between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The first alignment film has a first friction direction, and the second alignment film has a second friction direction. The first friction direction is parallel to the second friction direction.

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