Method, device and equipment for monitoring safety risks of peroxoacetic acid synthesis reaction and medium

Abstract

This application discloses a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for monitoring the safety risks of peracetic acid synthesis reactions, relating to the field of chemical technology. The method includes: conducting a thermal safety assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction under adiabatic conditions and obtaining the assessment results; if the assessment results indicate a risk to the reaction, determining the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system based on the actual operating conditions of the reaction; determining a corresponding heat balance model based on the target heat transfer mechanism; determining the heat migration characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the heat balance model; and conducting a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction based on the heat migration characteristics. By comprehensively combining the adiabatic assessment results with the heat balance analysis results under actual operating conditions, a comprehensive judgment of the safety of the reactor unit is achieved, solving the problem that the assessment results of existing technologies are divorced from reality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for monitoring safety risks in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction. Background Technology

[0002] Peracetic acid is a volatile, highly corrosive, and strongly oxidizing colorless and transparent liquid, often used as a disinfectant. It decomposes easily when heated or mixed with organic matter or strong alkalis. The production process of peracetic acid mainly involves mixing acetic acid with 30-90% hydrogen peroxide by mass and reacting the mixture under the action of an acidic catalyst. This reaction type belongs to the peroxidation process.

[0003] The current method for evaluating the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is to conduct the evaluation under adiabatic conditions, which has the problem that the evaluation results do not match the actual situation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for monitoring the safety risks of peracetic acid synthesis reactions. This method, by combining comprehensive adiabatic assessment results with heat balance analysis results under actual operating conditions, enables a comprehensive assessment of the safety of the reactor unit, thus solving the problem of existing technologies' assessment results being divorced from reality. The specific solution is as follows:

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a method for monitoring the safety risks of peracetic acid synthesis reactions, including:

[0006] The heat data corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is detected by a preset heat detection device to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data. Based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data, the thermal safety of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is assessed under adiabatic conditions, and the corresponding assessment results are obtained.

[0007] If the assessment results indicate that there is a risk in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction, then the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system is determined based on the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and the corresponding Rayleigh number; the target heat transfer mechanism includes forced convection and natural convection.

[0008] A corresponding heat balance model is set according to the target heat transfer mechanism; wherein, the heat balance model is a Semenov model or a natural convection heat transfer model;

[0009] The heat migration characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions are determined based on the heat balance model, and a safety risk assessment is conducted on the peracetic acid synthesis reaction based on the heat migration characteristics, so as to generate and output corresponding safety control strategies based on the safety risk assessment results.

[0010] Optionally, the step of using a preset heat detection device to detect the heat data corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data, and conducting a thermal safety assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction under adiabatic conditions based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data, includes:

[0011] The thermal stability of the reactants in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction was tested using a pre-set heat detection device to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data.

[0012] The reaction heat of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction was tested to obtain the corresponding reaction heat data, and the adiabatic temperature rise was determined based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data.

[0013] The reaction product of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction was analyzed to determine the time to reach the maximum reaction rate at different temperatures;

[0014] A thermal safety assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction was conducted based on the material decomposition heat data, the reaction heat data, the adiabatic temperature rise, and the maximum reaction rate.

[0015] Optionally, the safety risk monitoring method for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction further includes:

[0016] If the assessment results indicate that there is no risk in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction, then the analysis of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction shall be stopped.

[0017] Optionally, determining the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system based on the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and the corresponding Rayleigh number includes:

[0018] If the actual working conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction include stirring, then the target heat transfer mechanism is determined to be forced convection;

[0019] If the actual working conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction do not include stirring, the corresponding Rayleigh number is calculated to determine whether the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection.

[0020] Optionally, if the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, then the heat balance model is the Semenov model;

[0021] Accordingly, determining the heat transfer characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the heat balance model includes:

[0022] The comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area of ​​the target reactor are determined based on the heat balance model, and the thermal half-life of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions is determined based on the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and the heat exchange area.

[0023] Optionally, if the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, then the heat balance model is the corresponding natural convection heat transfer model.

[0024] Accordingly, determining the heat transfer characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the heat balance model includes:

[0025] The corresponding thin-film heat transfer coefficient is determined based on the heat balance model, and the heat transfer rate under the current operating conditions is determined based on the thin-film heat transfer coefficient; wherein, the thin-film heat transfer coefficient characterizes the convective heat transfer coefficient between the reaction system and the reactor wall under natural convection conditions.

[0026] Optionally, the safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction based on the heat migration characteristics includes:

[0027] If the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, the time to reach the maximum reaction rate of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction under adiabatic conditions is obtained, and the time to reach the maximum reaction rate under adiabatic conditions is compared with the thermal half-life to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction.

[0028] If the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, the actual heat release rate of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction at the current stage is obtained, and the actual heat transfer rate is compared with the actual heat release rate to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction.

[0029] Secondly, this application provides a safety risk monitoring device for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction, comprising:

[0030] The thermal safety assessment module is used to detect the heat data corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction using a preset heat detection device to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data. Based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data, the thermal safety of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is assessed under adiabatic conditions, and the corresponding assessment results are obtained.

[0031] The heat transfer mechanism determination module is used to determine the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system based on the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and the corresponding Rayleigh number if the evaluation results indicate that there is a risk in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction; the target heat transfer mechanism includes forced convection and natural convection;

[0032] A heat balance model setting module is used to set a corresponding heat balance model according to the target heat transfer mechanism; wherein, the heat balance model is a Semenov model or a natural convection heat transfer model;

[0033] The risk assessment module is used to determine the heat migration characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the heat balance model, and to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction based on the heat migration characteristics, so as to generate and output corresponding safety control strategies based on the safety risk assessment results.

[0034] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0035] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0036] A processor for executing the computer program to implement the aforementioned safety risk monitoring method for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction.

[0037] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned method for monitoring the safety risks of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction.

[0038] This application first uses a pre-set heat detection device to detect the heat data corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data. Based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data, a thermal safety assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is performed under adiabatic conditions, and the corresponding assessment results are obtained. Then, if the assessment results indicate that the peracetic acid synthesis reaction has a risk, the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system is determined according to the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and the corresponding Rayleigh number. The target heat transfer mechanism includes forced convection and natural convection. Then, a corresponding heat balance model is set according to the target heat transfer mechanism. The heat balance model is a Semenov model or a natural convection heat transfer model. Finally, the heat migration characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions are determined according to the heat balance model, and a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is performed according to the heat migration characteristics. Based on the safety risk assessment results, a corresponding safety control strategy is generated and output. Therefore, this application achieves a shift from a single extreme assumption to an evaluation model that distinguishes actual operating conditions by determining the heat transfer mechanism after preliminary screening in the adiabatic assessment; it achieves a leap from static adiabatic analysis to dynamic heat balance analysis by establishing corresponding heat balance models for different heat transfer mechanisms and analyzing actual heat migration characteristics; and it achieves a comprehensive judgment on the safety of the reactor unit by integrating the adiabatic assessment results with the heat balance analysis results under actual operating conditions, thus solving the problem that the assessment results of the prior art are divorced from reality. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a safety risk monitoring method for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction disclosed in this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This application discloses a safety risk monitoring flowchart for the synthesis reaction of peracetic acid.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the exothermic reaction process disclosed in this application;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the specific heat release rate of a reaction process disclosed in this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a relationship curve disclosed in this application;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a safety risk monitoring device for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction disclosed in this application;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device disclosed in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] See Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for monitoring the safety risks of peracetic acid synthesis reaction, including:

[0049] Step S11: Use a preset heat detection device to detect the heat data corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data. Based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data, conduct a thermal safety assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction under adiabatic conditions and obtain the corresponding assessment results.

[0050] This embodiment focuses on the PAA synthesis reaction using acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to prepare peracetic acid. The reaction system consists of highly fluid liquids, and without a stirring system, the heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, as verified below:

[0051] The Rayleigh number can be used to characterize the flow pattern in natural convection, when... This indicates that turbulence has formed and heat transfer is dominated by natural convection. If the flow is laminar, then heat transfer is dominated by thermal conduction. The formula is as follows; the parameters used must be obtained based on the composition of the system materials.

[0052] (1);

[0053] In the formula:

[0054] g — acceleration due to gravity ;

[0055] —Coefficient of thermal expansion, / K;

[0056] —Average mass density of the fluid, ;

[0057] —Specific heat capacity of the sample, kJ / kg / K;

[0058] L—characteristic length, m, typical value: 1m;

[0059] —Temperature difference, K;

[0060] —Kinetic viscosity, mPa·s;

[0061] — Thermal conductivity, W / m / K.

[0062] In this embodiment, the process for conducting a security risk assessment is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes: conducting a thermal safety assessment under adiabatic conditions; if the corresponding assessment results characterize and reflect a sub-hazardous state under adiabatic conditions, then determining the heat transfer mechanism of the reaction, and conducting a safety risk assessment under the corresponding heat transfer mechanism.

[0063] In this embodiment, a preset heat detection device is used to detect the heat data corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data. Based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data, a thermal safety assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is performed under adiabatic conditions. This includes: using the preset heat detection device to perform thermal stability tests on the reactants corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data; performing reaction heat tests on the reaction process of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction to obtain the corresponding reaction heat data, and determining the adiabatic temperature rise based on the material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data; analyzing the post-reaction liquid of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction to determine the time to reach the maximum reaction rate at different temperatures; and performing a thermal safety assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction based on the material decomposition heat data, reaction heat data, adiabatic temperature rise, and maximum reaction rate. Specifically:

[0064] 1. Assuming adiabatic conditions: According to relevant industry standards, a reaction calorimeter was used to measure the heat of the PAA reaction process. Differential scanning calorimeter, rapid screening calorimeter, and adiabatic accelerated calorimeter were used to test the thermal stability of the raw materials involved in the reaction and the reaction liquid.

[0065] 1.1 Calorimetry was applied to the reaction process to obtain the following parameters:

[0066] —Reaction heat (i.e., reaction heat data), J;

[0067] —Specific heat of reaction, J / kg;

[0068] —Specific rate of exothermic reaction, W / kg;

[0069] —Specific heat capacity of the sample, kJ / kg / K;

[0070] —Adiabatic temperature rise, K;

[0071] MTSR—the highest temperature achievable for the synthesis reaction under adiabatic conditions. .

[0072] 1.2 Conduct thermal stability tests on each material to obtain the exothermic temperature range and specific heat release.

[0073] 1.3 Thermal decomposition kinetics analysis was performed on the reactant solution to obtain the time to reach the maximum reaction rate at different temperatures. data.

[0074] 1.4 In accordance with the specifications, assess the heat of decomposition of the material based on the heat of decomposition (i.e., the heat of decomposition data), assess the severity of the runaway reaction based on the adiabatic temperature rise, assess the likelihood of the runaway reaction based on the time to reach the maximum reaction rate, and combine relevant temperature parameters to conduct a process hazard assessment and determine the hazard level of the reaction process.

[0075] 1.5 Based on the above data, determine the process temperature. The reaction time below and corresponding Size, or The size of MTSR, based on Figure 2 The criterion rule is that if the result is yes, the state is stable and the analysis can be stopped at this stage; otherwise, proceed to the next evaluation process.

[0076] In other words, if the assessment results indicate that there is no risk in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction, then the analysis of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction will be stopped.

[0077] Step S12: If the evaluation results indicate that there is a risk in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction, then the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system is determined according to the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and the corresponding Rayleigh number; the target heat transfer mechanism includes forced convection and natural convection.

[0078] In this embodiment, the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system is determined based on the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and the corresponding Rayleigh number. This includes: if the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction include stirring, the target heat transfer mechanism is determined to be forced convection; if the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction do not include stirring, the corresponding Rayleigh number is calculated to determine whether the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection.

[0079] In other words, if the criterion in the first step (under adiabatic conditions) is negative, then the heat transfer mechanism of the reaction system needs to be determined. For example, if there is a stirring system, it is determined to be a forced convection system, and the forced convection evaluation process is executed; if it is not forced convection, then the natural convection evaluation process is executed.

[0080] Step S13: Set up a corresponding heat balance model according to the target heat transfer mechanism; wherein the heat balance model is a Semenov model or a natural convection heat transfer model.

[0081] In this embodiment, if the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, the heat balance model is the Semenov model; if the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, the heat balance model is the corresponding natural convection heat transfer model.

[0082] Step S14: Determine the heat migration characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the heat balance model, and conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction based on the heat migration characteristics, so as to generate and output corresponding safety control strategies based on the safety risk assessment results.

[0083] If the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, then the heat balance model is the Semenov model; accordingly, the heat transfer characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions are determined according to the heat balance model, including: determining the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area of ​​the target reactor based on the heat balance model, and determining the thermal half-life of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area.

[0084] The mandatory convection assessment process is as follows:

[0085] Forced convection systems require the use of the Semenov model to characterize their thermal equilibrium, through comparison. The stability of the system was tested by measuring the cooling characteristic time of the forced convection system.

[0086] In a stirred vessel, heat is transferred through the vessel wall, and the heat transfer rate is... for:

[0087] (2);

[0088] In the formula:

[0089] —Heat transfer rate, W;

[0090] U—Overall heat transfer coefficient, ;

[0091] A—Heat exchange area ;

[0092] —Cooling medium temperature, ;

[0093] T—Temperature of the materials in the reaction system ;

[0094] At the critical state, the rate of heat release from the reaction is equal to the cooling capacity of the reactor:

[0095] (3);

[0096] Through derivation, the thermal time constant τ and the thermal half-life can be obtained. :

[0097] (4);

[0098] (5);

[0099] In the formula:

[0100] m—total mass of materials in the reaction system, kg;

[0101] —Specific heat capacity of the sample, kJ / kg / K;

[0102] U—Overall heat transfer coefficient, ;

[0103] A—Heat exchange area .

[0104] Both U and A need to obtain information about the reactor.

[0105] For a reaction vessel, the overall heat transfer coefficient U follows the calculation formula below:

[0106] (6);

[0107] In the formula:

[0108] U: Overall heat transfer coefficient, ;

[0109] The heat transfer coefficient of the inner membrane on the material side. ;

[0110] The heat transfer coefficient of the inner membrane on the heat transfer medium side. ;

[0111] Thermal conductivity of the reactor wall, W / m / K;

[0112] d: Thickness of the reactor wall, in meters (m).

[0113] In addition, if the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, then the heat balance model is the corresponding natural convection heat transfer model.

[0114] Accordingly, the heat transfer characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions are determined according to the heat balance model, including: determining the corresponding thin film heat transfer coefficient based on the heat balance model, and determining the heat transfer rate under the current operating conditions based on the thin film heat transfer coefficient; wherein, the thin film heat transfer coefficient characterizes the convective heat transfer coefficient between the reaction system and the reactor wall under natural convection conditions.

[0115] Specifically, in some current PAA synthesis processes, the reaction is carried out by adding materials and stirring for a certain period of time, then stopping the stirring and allowing the reaction to continue. In this case, the heat transfer mechanism becomes natural convection. Therefore, in addition to evaluating the forced convection stage, the static reaction stage also needs to be evaluated.

[0116] To check whether natural convection is sufficient to maintain heat dissipation and provide adequate cooling capacity, additional data is needed, including the relationship between density and temperature. The heat balance is determined using the Nu=f(Ra) model, considering factors such as viscosity and thermal conductivity. The thin-film heat transfer coefficient h for natural convection is given by:

[0117] (7);

[0118] in:

[0119] (8);

[0120] In the formula:

[0121] g — acceleration due to gravity ;

[0122] —Coefficient of thermal expansion, / K;

[0123] —Average mass density of the fluid, ;

[0124] —Specific heat capacity of the sample, kJ / kg / K;

[0125] —Temperature difference, K;

[0126] —Kinetic viscosity, mPa·s;

[0127] — Thermal conductivity, W / m / K;

[0128] —Heat transfer mass constant, .

[0129] To give an order of magnitude, the heat transfer coefficient of natural convection is generally considered to be about 10% of that of the heat transfer coefficient with stirring. This also applies to this process.

[0130] At this time, the heat transfer rate Then it is:

[0131] (9);

[0132] In addition, a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction was conducted based on the aforementioned heat migration characteristics, including:

[0133] If the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, the time to reach the maximum reaction rate of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction under adiabatic conditions is obtained, and the time to reach the maximum reaction rate under adiabatic conditions is compared with the thermal half-life to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction.

[0134] If the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, the actual exothermic rate of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction at the current stage is obtained, and the actual heat transfer rate is compared with the actual exothermic rate to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction.

[0135] That is, if the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, then it can be done according to... Figure 2 The criteria in the middle, and the Tp obtained The values ​​are compared, and if the result is (if) If the half-life is greater than 3.92 times, the system is stable; otherwise, it is in a dangerous state.

[0136] If the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, then determine the rate of heat release during this stage. and The size, if the result is ( Less than If the condition is met, the system is stable; otherwise, it is in a dangerous state.

[0137] One specific implementation method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0138] Process description:

[0139] A 100L glass-lined reactor was used to add glacial acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide in a mass ratio of 1:1.1, with sulfuric acid comprising 2% by volume. The reaction was carried out at 25℃-30℃ under normal pressure for approximately 40 hours. Stirring was performed during the addition process, followed by settling. After the reaction, the peracetic acid content was approximately 18%. The heat exchange medium was room temperature water, with a Tc of 25. .

[0140] The reactor information is as follows:

[0141] Table 1 Reactor Information Table

[0142]

[0143] Process Analysis:

[0144] a. Long reaction time, slow reaction, reversible;

[0145] b. The feeding process involves stirring, and the heat transfer mechanism is forced convection;

[0146] c. During the settling process, the system is a highly fluid liquid; therefore, the heat transfer mechanism at this stage is expected to be natural convection. This is verified using the Rayleigh number.

[0147] Based on material balance, the composition of the reaction system and the mass fraction of each component can be obtained, thus acquiring some basic data. Based on reaction calorimetry, data such as specific heat capacity can be obtained.

[0148] Table 2: Basic Material Data of the Post-Reaction System

[0149]

[0150] Table 3 Rayleigh number parameters of the post-reaction system

[0151]

[0152] Substituting the data from the table above into the formula, we get:

[0153] ;

[0154] The heat transfer mechanism of the system is natural convection.

[0155] Evaluation process:

[0156] Step 1: Assume adiabatic conditions:

[0157] (1) Test:

[0158] 1. Calorimetry of RC1 reaction: The heat release and specific heat release rate of the reaction process are as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 Medium red represents the temperature curve inside the reactor, dark blue represents the jacket temperature curve, purple represents the mass curve, green represents the heat release rate curve, and purplish red represents the specific heat release rate curve.

[0159] From the RC1 data, we can see that:

[0160] Heat of reaction: Approximately 6 kJ;

[0161] Specific heat of reaction: ;

[0162] Specific heat capacity of the system after the reaction: ;

[0163] Average specific heat release rate during the heat preservation process: ;

[0164] Adiabatic temperature rise: ;

[0165] MTSR: ;

[0166] 2. Material thermal stability test:

[0167] Table 4 Summary of Evaluation Results of Material Decomposition Heat

[0168]

[0169] 3. The results of the second-order decomposition kinetics study are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, where, , , ,in, Characterizing when the sample When the temperature is 24h, the corresponding initial decomposition temperature is 6℃. This means that when the sample is at 6℃, it will reach the maximum reaction rate under adiabatic conditions for 24h. Characterizing when the sample When the temperature is 8h, the corresponding initial decomposition temperature is 14℃. This means that when the sample is at 14℃, it will reach the maximum reaction rate under adiabatic conditions for 8h. Characterizing when the sample When the time is 1 hour, the corresponding initial decomposition temperature is 31℃. This means that when the sample is at 31℃, it will reach the maximum reaction rate under adiabatic conditions for 1 hour.

[0170] (2) Evaluation results:

[0171] 1. Conduct decomposition heat level assessment, severity level assessment, probability level assessment, acceptability assessment, and process hazard level assessment according to the preset specifications. Only the process hazard level results are listed here; the others will not be elaborated upon.

[0172] Table 5 Summary of Process Hazard Level Assessment Results

[0173]

[0174] 2. Judgment and Analysis:

[0175] Process temperature Below, 8h> >1h;

[0176] reaction time : 40h;

[0177] therefore; > .

[0178] in addition, MTSR is approximately 40℃, MTSR > .

[0179] Judgment result: No, proceed to the next step.

[0180] Step 2: Forced Convection (Mixing System) - Feeding Stage:

[0181] (1) Data analysis:

[0182] The heat transfer mechanism during the feeding stage is forced convection. Based on the criteria, the thermal time constant τ and the thermal half-life need to be calculated. :

[0183] (4);

[0184] (5);

[0185] Given: Under actual operating conditions, the reactor heat exchange area The system material m = 67.01 kg, specific heat capacity It is 2.10 kJ / kg / K.

[0186] The overall heat transfer coefficient needs to be calculated according to the aforementioned formula (6):

[0187] (6);

[0188] Based on the typical heat transfer coefficient values ​​in Table 6, it can be determined that the reactor used in this process has a jacket containing flowing water, therefore the outer membrane... The reactor is a glass-lined vessel, therefore the reactor walls... The system's materials contain approximately 50% water, with the remainder being primarily acetic acid and peracetic acid; therefore, conservative estimates suggest... Substituting into formula (6), the overall heat transfer coefficient can be calculated: .

[0189] Table 6 Typical heat transfer coefficients in stirred reactors

[0190]

[0191] Substituting the above data into formula (4), we can calculate... :

[0192] ;

[0193] Then the thermal half-life :

[0194] ;

[0195] but: ;

[0196] Based on the thermal decomposition kinetics analysis of the reaction liquid: Time corresponding : .

[0197] (2) Evaluation results:

[0198] according to Time corresponding With 3.92 Compare, >3.92 The determination result is yes, it is a non-dangerous state.

[0199] Step 3: Natural convection – Static heat preservation stage:

[0200] Based on the calorimetric results of the RC1 reaction, the average specific heat release rate during the heat preservation process is: ,

[0201] Therefore, under actual operating conditions, the average heat release rate during this stage is:

[0202] ;

[0203] At this time, the heat transfer rate for:

[0204] (9);

[0205] It is generally believed that the heat transfer coefficient of natural convection is approximately 10% of that of the heat transfer coefficient with stirring, that is:

[0206] ;

[0207] Substituting into formula (9), we get:

[0208] ;

[0209] at this time, The insulation condition was determined to be non-hazardous.

[0210] Assessment Conclusion:

[0211] The risk assessment results for a 100L reactor are summarized in the table below:

[0212] Table 7 Summary of Risk Assessment Results

[0213]

[0214] Based on the above results, the entire process in a 100L glass-lined reactor with water as the jacket cooling medium is non-hazardous, indicating that stable operation can be achieved under normal process conditions in actual operation.

[0215] Therefore, this application achieves a shift from a single extreme assumption to an evaluation model that distinguishes actual operating conditions by determining the heat transfer mechanism after preliminary screening in the adiabatic assessment; it achieves a leap from static adiabatic analysis to dynamic heat balance analysis by establishing corresponding heat balance models for different heat transfer mechanisms and analyzing actual heat migration characteristics; and it achieves a comprehensive judgment on the safety of the reactor unit by integrating the adiabatic assessment results with the heat balance analysis results under actual operating conditions, thus solving the problem that the assessment results of the prior art are divorced from reality.

[0216] See Figure 6 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a safety risk monitoring device for the synthesis reaction of peracetic acid, comprising:

[0217] The thermal safety assessment module 11 is used to detect the heat data corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction using a preset heat detection device to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data. Based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data, the thermal safety assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is performed under adiabatic conditions, and the corresponding assessment results are obtained.

[0218] The heat transfer mechanism determination module 12 is used to determine the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system based on the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and the corresponding Rayleigh number if the evaluation results indicate that there is a risk in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction; the target heat transfer mechanism includes forced convection and natural convection.

[0219] The heat balance model setting module 13 is used to set a corresponding heat balance model according to the target heat transfer mechanism; wherein, the heat balance model is a Semenov model or a natural convection heat transfer model;

[0220] The risk assessment module 14 is used to determine the heat migration characteristics of the target reaction system under actual working conditions based on the heat balance model, and to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction based on the heat migration characteristics, so as to generate and output corresponding safety control strategies based on the safety risk assessment results.

[0221] In some specific embodiments, the thermal safety assessment module 11 may specifically include:

[0222] The decomposition heat data acquisition unit is used to perform thermal stability tests on the reactants corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction using a preset heat detection device, so as to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data.

[0223] The reaction heat data acquisition unit is used to perform reaction heat testing on the reaction process of peracetic acid synthesis reaction to obtain corresponding reaction heat data, and to determine the adiabatic temperature rise based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data.

[0224] The time determination unit is used to analyze the post-reaction liquid of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and determine the time to reach the maximum reaction rate at different temperatures.

[0225] The thermal safety assessment unit is used to assess the thermal safety of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction based on the material decomposition heat data, the reaction heat data, the adiabatic temperature rise, and the maximum reaction rate.

[0226] In some specific embodiments, the safety risk monitoring device for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction further includes:

[0227] The analysis stop unit is used to stop the analysis of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction if the evaluation results indicate that there is no risk in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction.

[0228] In some specific embodiments, the heat transfer mechanism determination module 12 may specifically include:

[0229] The heat transfer mechanism determination unit is used to determine that the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection if the actual working conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction include stirring.

[0230] The Rayleigh number calculation unit is used to calculate the corresponding Rayleigh number to determine whether the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection if the actual working conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction do not include stirring.

[0231] In some specific embodiments, if the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, then the heat balance model is the Semenov model;

[0232] Accordingly, the risk assessment module 14 may specifically include:

[0233] The thermal half-life determination unit is used to determine the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area of ​​the target reactor based on the heat balance model, and to determine the thermal half-life of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and the heat exchange area.

[0234] In some specific embodiments, if the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, then the heat balance model is the corresponding natural convection heat transfer model.

[0235] Accordingly, the risk assessment module 14 may specifically include:

[0236] The heat transfer rate determination unit is used to determine the corresponding thin film heat transfer coefficient based on the heat balance model, and to determine the heat transfer rate under the current operating conditions based on the thin film heat transfer coefficient; wherein, the thin film heat transfer coefficient characterizes the convective heat transfer coefficient between the reaction system and the reactor wall under natural convection conditions.

[0237] In some specific embodiments, the risk assessment module 14 may specifically include:

[0238] The first risk assessment unit is used to obtain the time to reach the maximum reaction rate of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction under adiabatic conditions if the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, and compare the time to reach the maximum reaction rate under adiabatic conditions with the thermal half-life to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction.

[0239] The second risk assessment unit is used to obtain the actual heat release rate of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction at the current stage if the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, and compare the actual heat transfer rate with the actual heat release rate to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction.

[0240] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also disclose an electronic device, Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device 20 according to an exemplary embodiment. The content of the diagram should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0241] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 20 provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, the electronic device 20 may include: at least one processor 21, at least one memory 22, a power supply 23, a communication interface 24, an input / output interface 25, and a communication bus 26. The memory 22 stores a computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor 21 to implement the relevant steps in the safety risk monitoring method for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. Alternatively, the electronic device 20 in this embodiment may specifically be an electronic computer.

[0242] In this embodiment, the power supply 23 is used to provide operating voltage for each hardware device on the electronic device 20; the communication interface 24 can create a data transmission channel between the electronic device 20 and external devices, and the communication protocol it follows can be any communication protocol applicable to the technical solution of this application, and is not specifically limited here; the input / output interface 25 is used to acquire external input data or output data to the outside world, and its specific interface type can be selected according to specific application needs, and is not specifically limited here.

[0243] In addition, the memory 22, as a carrier for resource storage, can be a read-only memory, random access memory, disk or optical disk, etc. The resources stored thereon can include operating system 221, computer program 222, etc., and the storage method can be temporary storage or permanent storage.

[0244] The operating system 221 is used to manage and control the various hardware devices on the electronic device 20 and the computer program 222, which may be Windows Server, Netware, Unix, Linux, etc. In addition to including a computer program capable of performing the safety risk monitoring method for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction executed by the electronic device 20 as disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments, the computer program 222 may further include computer programs capable of performing other specific tasks.

[0245] Furthermore, this application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the aforementioned safety risk monitoring method for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction. Specific steps of this method can be found in the corresponding content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0246] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section.

[0247] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0248] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0249] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0250] The technical solutions provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring safety risks in the synthesis reaction of peracetic acid, characterized in that, include: The heat data corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is detected by a preset heat detection device to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data. Based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data, the thermal safety of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is assessed under adiabatic conditions, and the corresponding assessment results are obtained. If the assessment results indicate that there is a risk in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction, then the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system is determined based on the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and the corresponding Rayleigh number; the target heat transfer mechanism includes forced convection and natural convection. A corresponding heat balance model is set according to the target heat transfer mechanism; wherein, the heat balance model is a Semenov model or a natural convection heat transfer model; The heat migration characteristics of the target reaction system under actual working conditions are determined based on the heat balance model, and a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is conducted based on the heat migration characteristics, so as to generate and output corresponding safety control strategies based on the safety risk assessment results. Wherein, if the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, then the heat balance model is the Semenov model; accordingly, the step of determining the heat migration characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the heat balance model includes: determining the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area of ​​the target reactor based on the heat balance model, and determining the thermal half-life of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and the heat exchange area. If the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, then the heat balance model is the corresponding natural convection heat transfer model; accordingly, determining the heat transfer characteristics of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the heat balance model includes: determining the corresponding thin-film heat transfer coefficient based on the heat balance model, and determining the heat transfer rate under the current operating conditions based on the thin-film heat transfer coefficient; wherein, the thin-film heat transfer coefficient characterizes the convective heat transfer coefficient between the reaction system and the reactor wall under natural convection conditions; The safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction based on the heat migration characteristics includes: If the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, the time to reach the maximum reaction rate of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction under adiabatic conditions is obtained, and the time to reach the maximum reaction rate under adiabatic conditions is compared with the thermal half-life to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction. If the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, the actual heat release rate of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction at the current stage is obtained, and the heat transfer rate is compared with the actual heat release rate to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction. The process for obtaining the thermal half-life is as follows: In a stirred vessel, heat is transferred through the vessel wall, and the heat transfer rate is... for: ； in, U is the heat transfer rate, in W; U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, in W. A represents the heat exchange area, in units of... ; Temperature of the cooling medium, in units of T represents the temperature of the reaction system materials, in units of... ; At the critical state, the rate of heat release from the reaction is equal to the cooling capacity of the reactor: ； Through derivation, the thermal time constant τ and the thermal half-life can be obtained. : ； ； Where m is the total mass of the materials in the reaction system, in kg; Specific heat capacity of the sample, in units of U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, in units of... A represents the heat exchange area, in units of... ; The assessment process for natural convection is as follows: The thermal equilibrium is modeled using Nu=f(Ra), and the thin-film heat transfer coefficient h for natural convection is: ； in: ； Where g is the acceleration due to gravity, and the unit is 1000 m / s². ; The coefficient of thermal expansion is expressed in K. The average mass density of the fluid, in units of ; Specific heat capacity of the sample, in units of ; This is the temperature difference, expressed in Kelvin (K). The viscosity is kinetic, expressed in mPa·s. Thermal conductivity, in units of ; The heat transfer constant; At this time, the heat transfer rate Then it is: 。 2. The method for monitoring safety risks in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves using a pre-set heat detection device to detect the heat data corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction, thereby obtaining the corresponding material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data. Based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data, a thermal safety assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is performed under adiabatic conditions, including: The thermal stability of the reactants in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction was tested using a pre-set heat detection device to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data. The reaction heat of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction was tested to obtain the corresponding reaction heat data, and the adiabatic temperature rise was determined based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data. The reaction product of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction was analyzed to determine the time to reach the maximum reaction rate at different temperatures; A thermal safety assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction was conducted based on the material decomposition heat data, the reaction heat data, the adiabatic temperature rise, and the maximum reaction rate.

3. The method for monitoring safety risks in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: If the assessment results indicate that there is no risk in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction, then the analysis of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction shall be stopped.

4. The method for monitoring the safety risks of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system based on the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and the corresponding Rayleigh number includes: If the actual working conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction include stirring, then the target heat transfer mechanism is determined to be forced convection; If the actual working conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction do not include stirring, the corresponding Rayleigh number is calculated to determine whether the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection.

5. A safety risk monitoring device for the synthesis reaction of peracetic acid, characterized in that, include: The thermal safety assessment module is used to detect the heat data corresponding to the peracetic acid synthesis reaction using a preset heat detection device to obtain the corresponding material decomposition heat data and reaction heat data. Based on the material decomposition heat data and the reaction heat data, the thermal safety of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction is assessed under adiabatic conditions, and the corresponding assessment results are obtained. The heat transfer mechanism determination module is used to determine the target heat transfer mechanism corresponding to the target reaction system based on the actual operating conditions of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction and the corresponding Rayleigh number if the evaluation results indicate that there is a risk in the peracetic acid synthesis reaction. The target heat transfer mechanism includes forced convection and natural convection; A heat balance model setting module is used to set a corresponding heat balance model according to the target heat transfer mechanism; wherein, the heat balance model is a Semenov model or a natural convection heat transfer model; The risk assessment module is used to determine the heat migration characteristics of the target reaction system under actual working conditions based on the heat balance model, and to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction based on the heat migration characteristics, so as to generate and output corresponding safety control strategies based on the safety risk assessment results. If the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, then the heat balance model is the Semenov model; Accordingly, the risk assessment module includes: a thermal half-life determination unit, used to determine the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area of ​​the target reactor based on the heat balance model, and to determine the thermal half-life of the target reaction system under actual operating conditions based on the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and the heat exchange area; If the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, then the heat balance model is the corresponding natural convection heat transfer model; accordingly, the risk assessment module includes: a heat transfer rate determination unit, used to determine the corresponding thin film heat transfer coefficient based on the heat balance model, and to determine the heat transfer rate under the current operating conditions based on the thin film heat transfer coefficient; wherein, the thin film heat transfer coefficient characterizes the convective heat transfer coefficient between the reaction system and the reactor wall under natural convection conditions; The risk assessment module includes: a first risk assessment unit, used to obtain the time to reach the maximum reaction rate of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction under adiabatic conditions if the target heat transfer mechanism is forced convection, and compare the time to reach the maximum reaction rate under adiabatic conditions with the thermal half-life to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction. The second risk assessment unit is used to obtain the actual heat release rate of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction at the current stage if the target heat transfer mechanism is natural convection, and compare the actual heat transfer rate with the actual heat release rate to conduct a safety risk assessment of the peracetic acid synthesis reaction. The process for obtaining the thermal half-life is as follows: In a stirred vessel, heat is transferred through the vessel wall, and the heat transfer rate is... for: ； in, U is the heat transfer rate, in W; U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, in W. A represents the heat exchange area, in units of... ; Temperature of the cooling medium, in units of T represents the temperature of the reaction system materials, in units of... ; At the critical state, the rate of heat release from the reaction is equal to the cooling capacity of the reactor: ； Through derivation, the thermal time constant τ and the thermal half-life can be obtained. : ； ； Where m is the total mass of the materials in the reaction system, in kg; Specific heat capacity of the sample, in units of U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, in units of... A represents the heat exchange area, in units of... ; The assessment process for natural convection is as follows: The thermal equilibrium is modeled using Nu=f(Ra), and the thin-film heat transfer coefficient h for natural convection is: ； in: ； Where g is the acceleration due to gravity, and the unit is 1000 m / s². ; The coefficient of thermal expansion is expressed in K. The average mass density of the fluid, in units of ; Specific heat capacity of the sample, in units of ; This is the temperature difference, expressed in Kelvin (K). The viscosity is kinetic, expressed in mPa·s. Thermal conductivity, in units of ; The heat transfer constant; At this time, the heat transfer rate Then it is: 。 6. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor for executing the computer program to implement the safety risk monitoring method for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the safety risk monitoring method for the peracetic acid synthesis reaction as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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