Light-agricultural combined photovoltaic system, control method, readable medium and product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a photovoltaic system combining light and agriculture, a control method, a readable medium and a product, the photovoltaic system combining light and agriculture comprises a photovoltaic module, a fixing frame, a driving unit and a control unit, the photovoltaic module is electrically connected with the control unit, and the driving unit comprises a first driving shaft and a second driving shaft. The first driving shaft is connected to the fixing frame, the first driving shaft drives the second driving shaft and the photovoltaic module to rotate around the axis in the horizontal direction, the second driving shaft is perpendicular to the first driving shaft, and the photovoltaic module is connected to the second driving shaft; the driving unit enables the photovoltaic equipment to have an initial posture and a tracking posture under the control of the control unit; the receiving unit is used for receiving light irradiation dose information; the photovoltaic device also has a light-allowing posture, under which the light-allowing posture; and the driving unit is controlled to be switched under the initial posture, the tracking posture and the light enabling posture. The method has the advantage that crops in the area covered by the photovoltaic equipment can receive scientific illumination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, specifically to a photovoltaic system combining photovoltaics and agriculture, a control method, a readable medium, and a product. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, some have proposed "agricultural-solar complementarity," which involves closely integrating photovoltaic devices with agricultural production, utilizing large areas of agricultural land to install photovoltaic devices, thereby improving land utilization and reducing the site costs of photovoltaic power generation.

[0004] However, due to structural limitations, existing photovoltaic devices installed on agricultural land are usually fixed or single-axis tracking devices. As a result, there are sun-deprived areas in the agricultural land covered by photovoltaic devices. Crops growing in these sun-deprived areas will suffer from insufficient sunlight, which will affect their growth and yield and also impact the ecology of the area. Therefore, how to achieve a balance between photovoltaic power generation and crop growth is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic system integrating photovoltaics and agriculture to solve the problem of balancing photovoltaic power generation and crop growth in existing photovoltaic devices. The second objective of this invention is to provide a control method for a photovoltaic system. The third objective of this invention is to provide a computer-readable medium. The fourth objective of this invention is to provide a computer program product.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0007] As a first aspect of the present invention, a photovoltaic system combining photovoltaics and agriculture includes a photovoltaic device and a control unit;

[0008] The photovoltaic equipment includes:

[0009] Photovoltaic modules

[0010] A drive unit is electrically connected to the control unit. The drive unit includes a first drive shaft and a second drive shaft. The first drive shaft is connected to the fixed frame. The first drive shaft drives the second drive shaft and the photovoltaic module to rotate around a horizontal axis. The second drive shaft is perpendicular to the first drive shaft. The photovoltaic module is connected to the second drive shaft.

[0011] Under the control of the control unit, the drive unit enables the photovoltaic device to have

[0012] In its initial position, the photovoltaic module is attached to the mounting frame.

[0013] Tracking the posture, the driving unit drives the photovoltaic module to make the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the light;

[0014] It also includes a receiving unit, which is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to receive light irradiance information;

[0015] The photovoltaic device also has a light-repelling posture, in which the photovoltaic module avoids light rays to reduce the light-receiving area;

[0016] The control unit controls the drive unit to switch between initial attitude, tracking attitude, and light-allowing attitude based on the amount of light irradiance and the crops in the area where the photovoltaic equipment is set.

[0017] Optionally, in the light-receiving posture, the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module is parallel or nearly parallel to the light rays.

[0018] Optionally, the control unit analyzes the light-required time of crops in the photovoltaic equipment setting area based on the light irradiance and the light-required time of the crops, and switches the tracking posture and the light-yielding posture according to the light-required time of the crops.

[0019] Optionally, the drive unit further includes a drive section connected to the fixed frame, which is used to drive the first drive shaft, the second drive shaft, and the photovoltaic module to rotate around a vertical axis.

[0020] Optionally, the receiving unit is also used to receive environmental status information around the photovoltaic device, and when there is an intruder, the drive unit controls the avoidance.

[0021] Optionally, the receiving unit is also used to receive wind direction information. In extreme weather, the driving unit controls the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module to be parallel or nearly parallel to the wind direction.

[0022] As a second aspect of the present invention, a control method for a photovoltaic system combining photovoltaic and agricultural systems as described above is characterized by comprising the following steps;

[0023] Obtain the types of crops within the area where the photovoltaic equipment is installed;

[0024] Determine the sun's altitude and azimuth;

[0025] Based on the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle, determine the rotation angles of the first and second drive axes when tracking and letting the light through.

[0026] Based on the amount of light irradiance and the crop, analyze the light requirement time of the crop;

[0027] The duration of the light-giving posture is controlled according to the light-requiring time of the crops.

[0028] Optionally, determining the solar altitude and azimuth angles includes:

[0029] Obtain the first data of the current time and the second data of the current coordinates. Based on the first data and the second data, determine the altitude angle and the azimuth angle of the sun.

[0030] Optionally, the solar declination angle δ and solar hour angle ω are obtained by astronomical algorithms based on the first and second data.

[0031] The solar altitude angle α and solar azimuth angle β are obtained according to the following formulas:

[0032] α=sin -1 (sinφsinδ+cosφcosδcosω),

[0033] As a third aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable medium is characterized in that it includes a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the control method described above.

[0034] As a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer program product includes a computer program / instructions, characterized in that the computer program / instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the control method described above.

[0035] The advantages of this invention are: it enables crops in the area covered by photovoltaic equipment to receive scientific sunlight, thereby increasing farmers' economic income, while also improving the safety of photovoltaic equipment.

[0036] First, the present invention receives light irradiance information through a receiving unit, analyzes the light requirement time of crops based on the growth status and growth stage of crops in the area where the photovoltaic equipment is set, and switches the tracking attitude and light-giving attitude of the photovoltaic equipment according to the light requirement time of crops, so as to scientifically control the light time of crops, so that crops receive scientific light, and avoids the phenomenon of light saturation inhibiting crop growth while meeting the light requirements of crops.

[0037] Furthermore, this invention utilizes photovoltaic equipment for green and clean electricity production, further increasing farmers' economic income and promoting the integrated development of agriculture and renewable energy.

[0038] Secondly, the present invention also receives environmental status information around the photovoltaic equipment through a receiving unit to sense whether there are intruders (such as agricultural machinery) that may damage the photovoltaic equipment. When an intruder is present, the driving unit is controlled based on the environmental status detected by the sensing unit. The driving unit drives the photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic equipment to avoid the intruder, thereby preventing the intruder from colliding with the photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic equipment and improving the safety of the photovoltaic equipment.

[0039] Third, the present invention receives wind direction information through a receiving unit. When encountering extreme weather, it senses whether the wind volume will damage the photovoltaic equipment. Based on the information received by the receiving unit, the driving unit drives the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module to be parallel or nearly parallel to the wind direction, so as to reduce the wind resistance of the photovoltaic module, prevent damage to the photovoltaic device, increase the service life of the photovoltaic module, and reduce investment costs. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The following accompanying drawings describe in detail the exemplary embodiments disclosed in this application. The same reference numerals denote similar structures in several views of the drawings. Those skilled in the art will understand that these embodiments are non-limiting and exemplary, and the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Other embodiments may similarly fulfill the intent of this application. It should be understood that the drawings are not drawn to scale. Wherein:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the initial attitude of the photovoltaic system in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tracking attitude of the photovoltaic system in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the light-giving posture of the photovoltaic system in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the control method for the photovoltaic system in the embodiments of this application.

[0045] The markings in the diagram are as follows:

[0046] 1. Photovoltaic module; 11. Light-receiving surface; 2. Fixing frame; 3. Drive unit; 31. First drive shaft; 32. Second drive shaft; 33. Drive section. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It is understood that, without conflict, some technical means of the various embodiments described herein can be substituted for or combined with each other.

[0048] In the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. Therefore, objects specified with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those objects. Furthermore, the words "one" or "a" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one, while "multiple" indicates at least two.

[0049] In the description of this application, the terms "connection," "abutment," "installation," "fixation," "contact," "support," and "reception," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a split connection or a one-piece connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a non-detachable connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can also refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. As another example, "abutment" can be a direct abutment or an indirect abutment through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "reception" does not necessarily mean complete containment of the entire component; this concept also includes the containment of a portion that protrudes externally. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the aforementioned terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In the description of this application, if there are terms such as "A is connected to B in a rotatable manner", it means that A and B are directly or indirectly connected, and A is able to rotate relative to B.

[0051] In the description of this application, references to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0052] The first aspect of this embodiment discloses a photovoltaic system combining photovoltaics and agriculture, including photovoltaic equipment and a control unit;

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic device includes:

[0054] Photovoltaic module 1,

[0055] The drive unit 3 is electrically connected to the control unit. The drive unit 3 includes a first drive shaft 31 and a second drive shaft 32. The first drive shaft 31 is connected to the fixed frame 2. The first drive shaft 31 drives the second drive shaft 32 and the photovoltaic module 1 to rotate around a horizontal axis. The second drive shaft 32 is perpendicular to the first drive shaft 31. The photovoltaic module 1 is connected to the second drive shaft 32.

[0056] Under the control of the control unit, the drive unit 3 enables the photovoltaic device to have

[0057] In its initial position, the photovoltaic module 1 is attached to the mounting frame.

[0058] Tracking the posture, the driving unit 3 drives the photovoltaic module 1 so that the light-receiving surface 11 of the photovoltaic module 1 is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the light.

[0059] It also includes a receiving unit, which is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to receive light irradiance information;

[0060] The photovoltaic device also has a light-receiving posture, in which the light-receiving surface 11 of the photovoltaic module 1 is parallel or nearly parallel to the light rays;

[0061] The control unit controls the drive unit 3 to switch between initial attitude, tracking attitude and light-allowing attitude based on the amount of light irradiance and the crops in the area where the photovoltaic equipment is set.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the photovoltaic device is generating electricity, in order to improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device, the photovoltaic device is switched to a tracking posture. In the tracking posture, under the drive of the drive unit 3, the light-receiving surface 11 of the photovoltaic module 1 is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the light, so as to increase the area of ​​the light-receiving surface 11 and improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device.

[0063] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the photovoltaic device is in the tracking posture, the photovoltaic module 1 receives sufficient light. At this time, the photovoltaic device produces the widest range of shadows under the projection of sunlight. In addition to the tracking posture, the photovoltaic device also produces shadows when it is in the initial posture. Crops within the shadow range cannot receive sufficient light, which will affect the growth of crops. In order to meet the growth needs of crops in the area where the photovoltaic device is set, the photovoltaic device is made to have a light-receiving posture. The purpose is to reduce the light-receiving surface area 11 of the photovoltaic device, so as to reduce the range of shadows produced.

[0064] It should be noted that, under the light orientation, the light-receiving surface 11 of the photovoltaic module 1 is parallel or nearly parallel to the light source, which reduces the shadow area projected by the photovoltaic device under sunlight, ensuring that the shadow coverage is minimized. By making the light-receiving surface 11 of the photovoltaic module 1 parallel to the light source, the overall shadow generated by the photovoltaic device is reduced, thereby reducing the shading of the photovoltaic device on the surrounding environment, especially the agricultural planting area. This allows crops in the agricultural planting area to receive more abundant natural sunlight, promoting the vigorous growth of crops and the efficiency of photosynthesis, and thus improving the yield and quality of crops.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, under the premise of meeting the crop's light requirements, the photovoltaic device needs to be switched to the tracking posture to generate photovoltaic power. In order to obtain the crop's light requirements, the receiving unit receives the current light irradiance information and analyzes the time required to receive light based on the current light irradiance according to the pre-stored crop information. When the crop's light requirements are met, the control unit controls the drive unit 3 to switch to the tracking posture.

[0066] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the photovoltaic equipment is installed in an agricultural planting area, where the environment is relatively complex and changeable, facing potential damage risks from multiple aspects. Specifically, agricultural machinery may accidentally collide with or press on the photovoltaic equipment during field operations, causing physical damage; while extreme weather conditions, especially during strong winds, may directly exert enormous pressure on the photovoltaic module 1, leading to structural damage or performance degradation. To increase the service life of the photovoltaic equipment, the following methods are included but are not limited to:

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, by setting a drive unit 33 on the fixed frame 2, the first drive shaft 31, the second drive shaft 32 and the photovoltaic module 1 are driven to rotate around the vertical axis;

[0068] Firstly, the receiving unit is also used to receive environmental status information around the photovoltaic equipment. When there is an intruder, which refers to equipment or objects that enter the farmland area and may damage the photovoltaic equipment, such as agricultural machinery operating in the farmland, the control unit controls the first drive shaft 31 and the second drive shaft 32 to drive the photovoltaic module 1 to a vertical position, and controls the drive unit 33 to drive the photovoltaic module 1 parallel to the intruder's movement path to avoid accidental collision or pressure on the photovoltaic equipment.

[0069] Secondly, the receiving unit is also used to receive wind direction information. In extreme weather, the control unit controls the first drive shaft 31 and the second drive shaft 32 to make the photovoltaic module 1 appear vertical, and controls the drive unit 33 to make the photovoltaic module 1 parallel to the wind direction, reducing the windward area and reducing the pressure on the photovoltaic module 1, thereby avoiding damage to the structure or performance degradation of the photovoltaic equipment.

[0070] like Figure 2 As shown, in the second aspect of this embodiment, a control method applied to a photovoltaic system combining photovoltaic and agricultural systems as described above is characterized by comprising the following steps;

[0071] Obtain the types of crops within the area where the photovoltaic equipment is installed;

[0072] Determine the sun's altitude and azimuth;

[0073] Based on the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle, determine the rotation angles of the first drive shaft 31 and the second drive shaft 32 when the photovoltaic tracking posture and the light-giving posture are determined;

[0074] Based on the amount of light irradiance and the crop, analyze the light requirement time of the crop;

[0075] The duration of the light-giving posture is controlled according to the light-requiring time of the crops.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, determining the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle includes:

[0077] Obtain the first data of the current time and the second data of the current coordinates. Based on the first data and the second data, determine the altitude angle and the azimuth angle of the sun.

[0078] Specifically, in this embodiment, the solar declination angle δ and solar hour angle ω are obtained through an astronomical algorithm based on the current time and current coordinates;

[0079] The solar altitude angle α and solar azimuth angle β are obtained according to the following formulas:

[0080] α=sin -1 (sinφsinδ+cosφcosδcosω),

[0081] The rotation angles of the first drive shaft 31 and the second drive shaft 32 are obtained based on the offset of the photovoltaic panel causing its light-receiving surface 11 to be parallel or perpendicular to the light, and the solar altitude angle α and solar azimuth angle β.

[0082] A third aspect of this embodiment is a computer-readable medium, characterized in that it includes a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the control method described above.

[0083] In a fourth aspect of this embodiment, a computer program product includes a computer program / instructions, characterized in that the computer program / instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the control method described above.

[0084] The advantages of this embodiment are: it enables crops in the area covered by photovoltaic equipment to receive scientific sunlight, while increasing farmers' economic income and improving the safety of photovoltaic equipment.

[0085] First, in this embodiment, the receiving unit receives light irradiance information and analyzes the light-required time of crops based on the growth status and growth stage of crops in the area where the photovoltaic equipment is set. Based on the light-required time of crops, the tracking attitude and light-yielding attitude of the photovoltaic equipment are switched to scientifically control the light-receiving time of crops, so that crops receive scientific light. While meeting the light requirements of crops, the phenomenon of light saturation inhibiting crop growth is also avoided.

[0086] In addition, this embodiment also utilizes photovoltaic equipment for green and clean electricity production, further increasing farmers' economic income and promoting the integrated development of agriculture and renewable energy.

[0087] Secondly, this embodiment also receives environmental status information around the photovoltaic equipment through the receiving unit to sense whether there are intruders (such as agricultural machinery) that may damage the photovoltaic equipment. When there are intruders, the driving unit 3 is controlled based on the environmental status detected by the sensing unit. The driving unit 3 drives the photovoltaic module 1 in the photovoltaic equipment to avoid the intruders, thereby preventing the intruders from colliding with the photovoltaic module 1 in the photovoltaic equipment and improving the safety of the photovoltaic equipment.

[0088] Third, in this embodiment, the receiving unit receives wind direction information. When encountering extreme weather, it senses whether the wind volume will damage the photovoltaic equipment. Based on the information received by the receiving unit, the driving unit 3 drives the light-receiving surface 11 of the photovoltaic module 1 to be parallel or nearly parallel to the wind direction, so as to reduce the wind resistance of the photovoltaic module 1, prevent damage to the photovoltaic device, increase the service life of the photovoltaic module 1, and reduce investment costs.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic system combining photovoltaics and agriculture, characterized in that, Including photovoltaic equipment and control units; The photovoltaic equipment includes: Photovoltaic modules Fixture, A drive unit is electrically connected to the control unit. The drive unit includes a first drive shaft and a second drive shaft. The first drive shaft is connected to the fixed frame. The first drive shaft drives the second drive shaft and the photovoltaic module to rotate around a horizontal axis. The second drive shaft is perpendicular to the first drive shaft. The photovoltaic module is connected to the second drive shaft. Under the control of the control unit, the drive unit enables the photovoltaic device to have In its initial position, the photovoltaic module is attached to the mounting frame. Tracking the posture, the driving unit drives the photovoltaic module to make the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the light; It also includes a receiving unit, which is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to receive light irradiance information; The photovoltaic device also has a light-receiving posture, in which the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module is parallel or nearly parallel to the light rays; The control unit controls the drive unit to switch between initial attitude, tracking attitude, and light-allowing attitude based on the amount of light irradiance and the crops in the area where the photovoltaic equipment is set.

2. The photovoltaic system combining photovoltaics and agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit analyzes the required light time for crops in the photovoltaic equipment setting area based on the amount of light irradiance and the required light time for crop analysis, and switches the tracking attitude and light-giving attitude according to the required light time for crop analysis.

3. The photovoltaic system combining photovoltaics and agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit further includes a drive section connected to the fixed frame, which is used to drive the first drive shaft, the second drive shaft, and the photovoltaic module to rotate around a vertical axis.

4. The photovoltaic system combining photovoltaics and agriculture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The receiving unit is also used to receive environmental status information around the photovoltaic equipment, and when there is an intruder, the drive unit controls the avoidance.

5. The photovoltaic system combining photovoltaics and agriculture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The receiving unit is also used to receive wind direction information. In extreme weather, the driving unit controls the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module to be parallel or nearly parallel to the wind direction.

6. A control method applied to a photovoltaic system combining photovoltaic and agricultural applications as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; Obtain the types of crops within the area where the photovoltaic equipment is installed; Determine the sun's altitude and azimuth; Based on the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle, determine the rotation angles of the first and second drive axes when tracking and letting the light through. Based on the amount of light irradiance and the crop, analyze the light requirement time of the crop; The duration of the light-giving posture is controlled according to the light-requiring time of the crops.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining the sun's altitude and azimuth includes: Obtain the first data of the current time and the second data of the current coordinates. Based on the first data and the second data, determine the altitude angle and the azimuth angle of the sun.

8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the first and second data, the solar declination angle δ and the solar hour angle ω are obtained through astronomical algorithms; The solar altitude angle α and solar azimuth angle β are obtained according to the following formulas:

9. A computer-readable medium, characterized in that, It includes a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the control method as described in any one of claims 6-8.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program / instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the control method as described in any one of claims 6-8.

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