Field management machine with precise depth adjusting function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of field management machines, in particular to a field management machine with an accurate depth adjusting function, which comprises a first portal frame and a second portal frame, a first support column is arranged at the bottom of the first portal frame, and positioning wheels are rotatably connected to two sides of the first support column through rotating shafts; a second supporting column is arranged at the bottom of the second portal frame, supporting discs are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the second supporting column, a same rotary cutter shaft is fixedly connected between the two supporting discs, and rotary tillage cutters which are evenly distributed are fixedly connected to the periphery of the rotary cutter shaft; when the driving motor drives the rotary cutter shaft to rotate, the rotary tillage cutter rotates along with the rotary cutter shaft, all parts in the rotary tillage cutter extend outwards under the action of centrifugal force, so that the outward extending distance of the rotary tillage blades is changed, the rotary tillage depth is further changed, the problem that cutters need to be replaced for different rotary tillage depths is solved, and the rotary tillage efficiency is improved. The labor intensity is reduced, and the problem that personnel are easily scratched when the cutter is replaced is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of garden tillers, specifically to a garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function. Background Technology

[0002] Garden management machines, also known as multi-functional management machines, mini tillers, or garden tractors, are mainly used in "gardens"—that is, operating spaces where large machinery cannot enter or operate, such as greenhouses, orchards, vegetable gardens, and small plots of land in hilly and mountainous areas.

[0003] The most common function of a garden tiller is rotary tillage, used for tilling, breaking up soil, and burying stubble in dry and paddy fields. The appropriate tillage depth provides a loose, well-aerated, and moisture- and fertilizer-retaining soil environment for crop roots, while effectively covering the residues and weeds of the previous crop, reducing sources of pests and diseases. If the depth is too shallow, the nutrient layer is thin, making crops prone to lodging and premature aging, and it also leads to the formation of a hard "plow pan" at the bottom of the soil, hindering water and fertilizer infiltration and root development. If the depth is too deep, it may turn up the subsoil, which is detrimental to seedling growth, and increases the load on the tiller, resulting in higher fuel consumption and slower operating speed. Currently, based on farming experience, the tillage depth is generally controlled at 12-18 cm for conventional field crops, 15-20 cm for vegetable cultivation, 8-12 cm for fruit trees and tea gardens, and 20-25 cm for root crops.

[0004] A search revealed Chinese patent application number 202210273430.5, which discloses an unmanned garden tiller, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery. The tiller includes a frame, a rotary tiller body, and a camera assembly. The rotary tiller body is installed below the frame; the camera assembly is installed above the frame. The camera assembly includes a camera frame, a camera support rod, a horizontal drive assembly for controlling the horizontal rotation of the camera support rod, and a vertical drive assembly for controlling the vertical rotation of the camera support rod. The camera frame is fixedly installed at the front end above the frame, the horizontal drive assembly is fixedly installed on the camera frame, the vertical drive assembly is fixedly installed on the horizontal drive assembly, and one end of the camera support rod is installed at the output end of the vertical drive assembly.

[0005] The above search results show that garden tillers generally control the tillage depth by changing the length of the blades. However, changing the blades as needed increases the labor intensity. Even if the blades are changed to the appropriate length, the tillage depth may still be inconsistent due to tilting or bumping during the movement of the garden tiller.

[0006] To ensure that the garden tiller can accurately adjust the tillage depth, a garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a garden management machine with precise depth adjustment function, which can effectively solve the existing problems.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a garden tiller with precise depth adjustment, comprising a first gantry frame and a second gantry frame. A first support column is located at the bottom of the first gantry frame, and positioning wheels are rotatably connected to both sides of the first support column via rotating shafts. A second support column is located at the bottom of the second gantry frame, and support discs are fixedly connected to the inner walls of both sides of the second support column. A common rotating blade shaft is fixedly connected between the two support discs, and evenly distributed rotary tillers are fixedly connected around the rotating blade shaft. The rotary tillers include a fixed support mounted on the rotating blade shaft, a central slider slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed support, and a blade holder located outside the fixed support. A rotary tiller blade is fixedly connected to one end of the blade holder, and a drive motor is connected to one end of the rotating blade shaft via a rotating shaft. When the drive motor drives the rotating blade shaft to rotate at a constant speed, the rotary tiller blade extends outward by a specified length to fix the tilling depth.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning wheel is provided with sharp teeth around its perimeter. The positioning wheel is used to define the initial plane of the rotary tillage depth, and the starting point of the initial plane of the rotary tillage depth is based on the bottom of the positioning wheel.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to one side of the first gantry frame, and one side of the fixing rod is fixedly connected to one side of the second gantry frame; two rods at the bottom of the first gantry frame are slidably connected to the inner wall of the first support column and connected to the spring inside the first support column, and two rods at the bottom of the second gantry frame are slidably connected to the inner wall of the second support column and connected to the spring inside the second support column.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the first support column, and one side of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the support disc.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting spring is fixedly connected to one side of the intermediate slider, one end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed support, and the other end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to a mounting base; a tool limiting rod is fixedly connected to the other side of the tool holder, and the tool limiting rod and the mounting base can be locked together.

[0013] Furthermore, a magnet layer is provided around the middle slider, and an electromagnet is provided on the inner wall of the fixed support. When the electromagnet is energized, the middle slider forms a fixed relationship with the electromagnet inside the fixed support through the magnet layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the relationship between the rotary tillage depth and the angular velocity of the rotating cutter shaft is as follows: Where D0 is the distance from the tip of the rotary tiller blade to the center of the rotary cutter shaft in the initial state, H is the vertical distance from the center of the rotary cutter shaft to the bottom surface of the positioning wheel, m is the overall mass of the intermediate slider and the cutter holder, ω is the angular velocity of the rotary cutter shaft, L is the overall length of the intermediate slider and the cutter holder, L0 is the initial length of the limiting spring, k is the spring constant of the limiting spring, and R0 is the distance from the end of the intermediate slider closest to the rotary cutter shaft to the center of the rotary cutter shaft in the initial state.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting spring is a heavy-duty mechanical spring.

[0016] Furthermore, a mudguard is fixedly connected to the other side of the second gantry frame. The mudguard is arc-shaped and can extend. A partition plate is provided inside the mudguard plate. The partition plate and the rotary tillage blades are distributed at intervals to remove the soil adhering to the rotary tillage blades.

[0017] Beneficial effects The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with known public technologies: As the drive motor drives the rotary cutter shaft to rotate, the rotary tiller blades also rotate. The various components of the rotary tiller blades are subjected to centrifugal force and extend outward, thereby changing the outward extension distance of the rotary tiller blades and thus changing the rotary tillage depth. This avoids the problem of having to change blades for different rotary tillage depths, reduces labor intensity, and avoids the problem of personnel being easily scratched when changing blades. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the garden management machine with precise depth adjustment function of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the rotary tiller blades of the garden management machine with precise depth adjustment function of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the rotary tiller blade of the garden management machine with precise depth adjustment function of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation path of the rotary tiller blades of the garden management machine with precise depth adjustment function of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary tillage depth of the garden management machine with precise depth adjustment function of the present invention.

[0020] Figure Labels 100 - First gantry frame; 101 - First support column; 102 - Positioning wheel; 103 - Connecting rod; 104 - Fixing rod; 200-Second gantry frame; 201-Mudguard; 202-Second support column; 203-Support disc; 204-Drive motor; 205-Rotating cutter shaft; 300-Rotary tillage blade; 310-Fixed support; 311-Electromagnet; 320-Intermediate slider; 321-Mounting base; 322-Magnet layer; 323-Limiting spring; 330-Blade holder; 331-Rotary tillage blade; 332-Blade limiting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of this disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of this disclosure. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0022] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0023] It should be noted that the concepts of "first" and "second" mentioned in this disclosure are used only to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules or units or their interdependencies.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0026] Example: A type of garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the system includes a first gantry frame 100 and a second gantry frame 200. The first gantry frame 100 has a first support column 101 at its bottom. Positioning wheels 102 are rotatably connected to both sides of the first support column 101 via rotating shafts. It should be noted that the positioning wheels 102 are surrounded by sharp teeth. When the garden tiller moves in the field, the positioning wheels 102 move on the soil surface, and the sharp teeth effectively prevent the positioning wheels 102 from sinking into the soil. The function of the positioning wheels 102 is to define the initial position of the rotary tillage depth, ensuring that the starting point of the rotary tillage depth is based on the bottom of the positioning wheel 102. The second gantry frame 200... A second support column 202 is provided at the bottom of the gantry 200. Support discs 203 are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the second support column 202. A common rotating cutter shaft 205 is fixedly connected between the two support discs 203. Rotary tillers 300 are evenly distributed around the rotating cutter shaft 205. Each rotary tiller 300 includes a fixed support 310 fixedly installed on the rotating cutter shaft 205, a middle slider 320 slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed support 310, and a cutter holder 330 located outside the fixed support 310. A rotary tiller blade is fixedly connected to one end of the cutter holder 330. In blade 331, one end of the rotating blade shaft 205 is connected to a drive motor 204 via a rotating shaft. When the drive motor 204 drives the rotating blade shaft 205 to rotate at a constant speed, the rotary tiller blades 331 extend outward by a specified length to fix the tillage depth. It is worth noting that while the drive motor 204 drives the rotating blade shaft 205 to rotate, the rotary tiller blades 300 also rotate. The various components of the rotary tiller blades 300 are subjected to centrifugal force, causing them to extend outward, thereby changing the outward extension distance of the rotary tiller blades 331 and thus changing the tillage depth. This avoids the need for different tillage depths to be addressed. To address the issue of tool replacement, the labor intensity is reduced, and the problem of personnel being easily scratched during tool replacement is avoided. A fixing rod 104 is fixedly connected to one side of the first gantry frame 100. One side of the fixing rod 104 is fixedly connected to one side of the second gantry frame 200. The top of the fixing rod 104 is connected to the main body of the garden tiller via a connecting rod. The main body of the garden tiller is existing technology. For the sake of simplicity, the main body of the garden tiller is not shown in the figure. The fixing rod 104 and the main body of the garden tiller can be rotatable or locked for disassembly and installation. The specific connection method is also existing technology and will not be described in detail here. Specifically, a limiting spring 323 is fixedly connected to one side of the intermediate slider 320. One end of the limiting spring 323 is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed support 310, and the other end of the limiting spring 323 is fixedly connected to a mounting base 321. A tool limiting rod 332 is fixedly connected to the other side of the tool holder 330. The tool limiting rod 332 and the mounting base 321 can be mutually locked and fixed, such as... Figure 2As shown, a telescopic column is provided on one side of the cutter limiting rod 332, which can enter the locking hole on one side of the mounting base 321, so that the cutter holder 330 and the intermediate slider 320 are integrated in the transverse direction as shown in the figure. It should be noted that the rotary tiller blade 331 is subjected to centrifugal force and elastic force from the limiting spring 323. When the centrifugal force and elastic force reach dynamic equilibrium, the extension length of the rotary tiller blade 331 is a fixed value, thereby ensuring the rotary tillage depth. To prevent the extension length of the rotary tiller blade 331 from being affected by external forces when it comes into contact with the soil during tilling, the present invention adopts the following solution: a magnet layer 322 is provided around the middle slider 320, and an electromagnet 311 is provided on the inner wall of the fixed support 310. When the electromagnet 311 is energized, the middle slider 320 forms a fixed relationship with the electromagnet 311 inside the fixed support 310 through the magnet layer 322. It is worth noting that when the drive motor 204 drives the rotating blade shaft 205 to reach a specified speed, and the rotary tiller blade 331 extends to a specified length, the electromagnet 311 is energized to form a fixed relationship between the fixed support 310 and the middle slider 321. At this time, the extension length of the rotary tiller blade 331 is fixed and will not be changed by external forces. At this time, neither changes in the speed of the rotating blade shaft 205 nor contact with hard objects such as stones in the field will cause the rotary tiller blade 331 to extend or retract. Before use, adjust the angular velocity of the drive motor 204 to drive the rotating blade shaft 205 to rotate according to the required rotary tillage depth. At this time, to avoid the rotary tillage blades 331 contacting the soil and affecting the extension length, the whole unit is suspended in the air. After adjusting the rotary tillage depth, lower the whole unit. At this time, the positioning wheel 102 contacts the soil. To ensure that the positioning wheel 102 remains in contact with the soil during the movement of the garden tiller, the first support column 101 and the second support column 202 are set as hollow rods with a spring structure. The two rods at the bottom of the first gantry frame 100 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the first support column 101 and connected to the spring. The two rods at the bottom of the second gantry frame 200 are... The first support column 101 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second support column 202 and connected to the spring, so that the bottom of the overall structure has a self-adjusting height function. Under the action of gravity, it is ensured that the positioning wheel 102 can always be in contact with the soil. At the same time, in order to ensure that the starting point of the rotary tillage depth is based on the bottom of the positioning wheel 102, a connecting rod 103 is fixedly connected to one side of the first support column 101. One side of the connecting rod 103 is fixedly connected to one side of the support disc 203. It should be noted that the fixed rod 104 ensures the integrated movement of the upper part of the overall structure, and the connecting rod 103 ensures the integrated movement of the lower part of the overall structure, ensuring that the overall device can operate normally after completing its intended function. In addition, to improve the practicality of the device, a mudguard 201 is fixedly connected to the other side of the second gantry 200. The mudguard 201 is arc-shaped and is used to block mud and prevent mud from splashing onto the user. At the same time, the mudguard 201 can be extended to increase the blocking area. Furthermore, a partition plate (not shown in the figure) can be provided inside the mudguard 201. The partition plate is distributed at intervals with the rotary tillage blades 331 to remove the mud adhering to the rotary tillage blades 331 and improve the rotary tillage efficiency.

[0027] The relationship between the rotary tillage depth and the angular velocity of the rotary cutter shaft 205 driven by the drive motor 204 in this invention is as follows: like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, taking the center of the rotating blade shaft 205 as the starting point, the rotary tillage length is the distance D from the tip of the rotary tillage blade 331 to the center of the rotating blade shaft 205. In the initial state, the rotary tillage length is D0, and the rotation radius is R, which is the distance R from the end of the middle slider 320 near the rotating blade shaft 205 to the center of the rotating blade shaft 205. b In the initial state, the rotation radius is R0, and the height is the vertical distance H from the center of the rotating cutter shaft 205 to the bottom surface of the positioning wheel 102, which is a fixed value. The rotary tillage depth is the rotary tillage length minus the height, which is the rotary tillage depth S. This can be understood as follows: when the angular velocity of the rotating cutter shaft 205 is ω, and the overall mass of the intermediate slider 320 and the cutter holder 330 is m, the overall length is L, and the center of mass of the intermediate slider 320 and the cutter holder 330 is r. c And if the linear density is considered uniform, then the linear density λ = m / L; the elastic force of the limiting spring 323 is F. 弹 =k(R) b -L0), where k is the spring constant and L0 is the initial length of the limiting spring 323; the centrifugal force distribution of the intermediate slider 320 and the knife holder 330 as a whole is obtained by integrating the infinitesimal centrifugal force. When the linear density is appropriately introduced, the two reach a dynamic equilibrium, i.e. Since the column can only translate, and the radial displacement of each point is the same, the displacement R at the base of the column can be used. b As a generalized coordinate, the centroid displacement r c = R b + L / 2 and R b Linear correlation, radial force balance, i.e., kR b -L0= Further ,Right now Rotary tillage depth S = D0 - H + R b -R0, that is , It should also be noted that the above formula must satisfy k-mω2 If the value is greater than 0, then the limit spring 323 needs to be restricted. In actual production and daily life, the estimated mω... 2 The value range is 300–950 N / m, therefore the spring constant k needs to be above 1000 N / m, hence the limit spring 323 is a heavy-duty mechanical spring.

[0028] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function, characterized in that, It includes a first gantry frame (100) and a second gantry frame (200). The bottom of the first gantry frame (100) is provided with a first support column (101), and the two sides of the first support column (101) are rotatably connected to positioning wheels (102) through a rotating shaft. The second gantry (200) is provided with a second support column (202) at the bottom. Support discs (203) are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the second support column (202). The same rotating cutter shaft (205) is fixedly connected between the two support discs (203). Rotary tillage blades (300) are evenly distributed around the rotating cutter shaft (205). The rotary tiller (300) includes a fixed support (310) fixedly mounted on a rotating cutter shaft (205), an intermediate slider (320) slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed support (310), and a cutter holder (330) located on the outside of the fixed support (310). One end of the cutter holder (330) is fixedly connected to a rotary tiller blade (331), and one end of the rotating cutter shaft (205) is connected to a drive motor (204) via a rotating shaft. When the drive motor (204) drives the rotary cutter shaft (205) to rotate at a constant speed, the rotary tillage blade (331) extends outward by a specified length to fix the rotary tillage depth.

2. A garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning wheel (102) is provided with sharp teeth around its perimeter. The positioning wheel (102) is used to define the initial position plane of the rotary tillage depth. The starting point of the initial position plane of the rotary tillage depth is based on the bottom of the positioning wheel (102).

3. A garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing rod (104) is fixedly connected to one side of the first gantry frame (100), and one side of the fixing rod (104) is fixedly connected to one side of the second gantry frame (200); The two bottom rods of the first gantry (100) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the first support column (101) and connected to the spring inside the first support column (101). The two bottom rods of the second gantry (200) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the second support column (202) and connected to the spring inside the second support column (202).

4. A garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function according to claim 3, characterized in that, A connecting rod (103) is fixedly connected to one side of the first support column (101), and one side of the connecting rod (103) is fixedly connected to one side of the support disc (203).

5. A garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting spring (323) is fixedly connected to one side of the intermediate slider (320). One end of the limiting spring (323) is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed support (310), and the other end of the limiting spring (323) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (321). A tool limiting rod (332) is fixedly connected to the other side of the tool holder (330), and the tool limiting rod (332) and the mounting base (321) can be locked together.

6. A garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intermediate slider (320) is surrounded by a magnet layer (322), and the inner wall of the fixed support (310) is provided with an electromagnet (311). When the electromagnet (311) is energized, the intermediate slider (320) forms a fixed relationship with the electromagnet (311) inside the fixed support (310) through the magnet layer (322).

7. A garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The relationship between the rotary tillage depth and the angular velocity of the rotating cutter shaft (205) is as follows: ； Where D0 is the distance from the tip of the rotary tiller blade (331) to the center of the rotary cutter shaft (205) in the initial state, H is the vertical distance from the center of the rotary cutter shaft (205) to the bottom surface of the positioning wheel (102), m is the overall mass of the intermediate slider (320) and the cutter holder (330), ω is the angular velocity of the rotary cutter shaft (205), L is the overall length of the intermediate slider (320) and the cutter holder (330), L0 is the initial length of the limiting spring (323), k is the spring constant of the limiting spring (323), and R0 is the distance from the end of the intermediate slider (320) near the rotary cutter shaft (205) to the center of the rotary cutter shaft (205) in the initial state.

8. A garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting spring (323) is a heavy-duty mechanical spring.

9. A garden tiller with precise depth adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mudguard (201) is fixedly connected to the other side of the second gantry frame (200), and the mudguard (201) is arc-shaped; The mudguard (201) can be extended; The mudguard (201) is provided with a partition plate inside, which is distributed at intervals with the rotary tillage blades (331) to remove the soil adhering to the rotary tillage blades (331).

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