Method for preventing occurrence of olive trunk borers

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing the occurrence of olive trunk borers, and belongs to the technical field of olive pest control, and the method is characterized in that a forest long-acting protective agent, lime sulfur and slaked lime are respectively used for brushing and spraying the olive, and a method for paving a mulching film and installing an insecticidal lamp is matched for comprehensive control. In the pest control process, a stabilizer is further prepared and cooperatively applied, the stability of the soil pH is kept for a long time through the stabilizer, then the olive pest control effect is improved, meanwhile, the good growth environment of the olive is guaranteed, the olive planting benefits are improved, and the method has good application prospects in olive pest control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of olive pest control technology, and in particular to a method for preventing the occurrence of olive trunk borers. Background Technology

[0002] Olive trees are world-renowned woody oilseed trees, evergreen trees of the Oleaceae family. Olive oil, processed from its fruit, is known as "liquid gold" due to its remarkable health benefits and is loved by people all over the world.

[0003] In the key technologies for high-yield olive cultivation, the prevention and control of olive diseases and pests, especially pest control, is a crucial component. Olives are susceptible to various diseases and pests. Anthracnose and root rot are the most common diseases; among pests, stem-boring insects such as longhorn beetles and large-grained weevils are particularly severe. Some plants discovered early after stem borer infestation can be saved through timely treatment, but the tree's recovery takes a considerable amount of time. Some severely affected plants discovered later are beyond treatment, and the entire tree gradually withers and dies. Therefore, reducing the occurrence of stem-boring insects is vital for improving the economic benefits of olive cultivation. Current methods typically involve spraying chemical pesticides for pest control. However, chemical pesticides easily pollute the environment, and spraying generally requires observation of pest infestation before application, by which time the pests have usually already damaged the plant, leading to delayed control. Repeated spraying in advance increases control costs and environmental damage, and prolonged spraying can lead to pesticide resistance in pests, making later control more difficult and demanding.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to find a pest control method suitable for olive trees that can reduce the amount of chemical pesticides used while providing timely and effective control of pests, thereby reducing the incidence of olive tree borers and improving the profitability of olive cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preventing the occurrence of olive borers, solving the problems of untimely control, inability to balance control effectiveness and cost, and significant environmental harm caused by conventional chemical control methods.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A method for preventing the occurrence of olive stem borers, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) In December, select consecutive sunny days and brush a long-lasting protective agent for trees from the bottom of the tree basin to a height of 50-80cm from the trunk.

[0009] (2) After the long-lasting protective agent is brushed on, lime sulfur mixture is prepared. Then, the lime sulfur mixture is diluted with water to a Baume degree of 2-3 and sprayed evenly from top to bottom and from inside to outside onto the surface of the olive plant. After the lime sulfur mixture is sprayed for 1-2 days, a stabilizer is applied to the soil surface and then the mulch film is laid.

[0010] (3) In March of the second year, the laid mulch film was removed, and the lime-sulfur mixture prepared in step (2) was diluted to a Baume degree of 0.2 to 0.5 and then sprayed a second time.

[0011] (4) After the second spraying of lime-sulfur mixture for 8 to 12 days, take quicklime, sprinkle water on the surface and let it slake naturally for 24 hours to obtain slaked lime. Then, spread the slaked lime evenly around the olive tree trunk within a range of 20 to 50 cm.

[0012] (5) Install insecticidal lamps in olive planting areas at a density of one lamp per 10 to 20 mu for physical pest control.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the lime-sulfur mixture in step (2) is as follows:

[0014] The lime-sulfur mixture is prepared by boiling a mixture of quicklime, sulfur, and water in a mass ratio of 1:2:10, and the Baume degree of the mixture is 20-28 degrees.

[0015] Furthermore, the stabilizer in step (2) includes the following raw materials:

[0016] Glycerin, phosphorus pentoxide, tartaric acid, xanthan gum, methylene blue, sodium hydroxide, kaolin, malonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0017] Furthermore, the method for preparing the stabilizer is as follows:

[0018] A: Place glycerol in a reaction vessel, then divide phosphorus pentoxide into 3 equal parts and add them to the glycerol in 3 portions. After each addition, wait for the system temperature to drop to ≤30℃ before adding more. After the phosphorus pentoxide is added, raise the temperature to 60-70℃ at a rate of 1-2℃ / second, and stir at 300-400r / min for 2-3 hours. After the reaction is complete, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature, add 20wt% sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the system to 6.5-7, then filter to remove the filtrate, dry and grind through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain enzymatically hydrolyzed particles.

[0019] B: Add xanthan gum to 100 times its weight of water and stir to disperse. Then add methylene blue and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 7.5-8.5 and homogenize at 40-50 MPa for 3-5 minutes. After homogenization, let stand overnight to obtain xanthan gum composite solution. Add tartaric acid to xanthan gum composite solution and mix evenly. Then spray dry to obtain xanthan gum loaded with tartaric acid particles.

[0020] C: Kaolin is added to water and stirred to disperse it. Then, malonic acid is added and stirred to mix evenly. The mixture is heated to 80-90℃, and then p-toluenesulfonic acid is added and kept at this temperature for 6-8 hours. After the reaction is complete, the filtrate is filtered out and washed with water 2-3 times. Tartaric acid is added and mixed evenly. Then, 0.5wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles, and enzymatically hydrolyzed particles are added and mixed evenly to prepare particles with a particle size of 4-8 mm. After drying, the stabilizer is obtained.

[0021] Furthermore, in step A, the mass ratio of glycerol to phosphorus pentoxide is (2-3):(0.5-1).

[0022] Furthermore, in step B, the mass ratio of xanthan gum, methylene blue, and tartaric acid is (2-3):(0.1-0.2):(1.5-2.5).

[0023] Furthermore, in step B, the spray drying inlet air temperature is 150–180°C, the outlet air temperature is 70–80°C, and the feed rate is 20–30 mL / min.

[0024] Furthermore, in step C, the mass ratio of kaolin, malonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, tartaric acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles, and enzymatically hydrolyzed particles is (20-30): (1.5-2): (0.2-0.4): (0.5-1): (2-4): (3.5-5.5): (2-3).

[0025] Furthermore, the method for applying the stabilizer is as follows: when applying, weigh out the stabilizer at a rate of 1-2 kg / tree, and then evenly spread it on the soil surface below the tree canopy and extending 1m outward from the tree canopy drip line.

[0026] Furthermore, in step (4), the amount of slaked lime applied is 0.2 to 0.5 kg / plant.

[0027] This invention employs an integrated pest management method to control olive borers, consisting of brushing on a long-lasting protective agent, spraying lime sulfur, applying slaked lime, laying mulch, and installing insecticidal lamps. Lime sulfur and slaked lime are low-cost raw materials, have low toxicity and low residue in the soil, are environmentally friendly, effectively kill both adults and larvae, and possess multiple functions including bactericidal and acaricidal effects. They are also less prone to developing resistance, thus effectively controlling olive borers while also providing good control over diseases.

[0028] The initial spraying of lime sulfur is done in winter when temperatures are low. Covering the soil with mulch after spraying at this time can raise the soil temperature, enhancing the lime sulfur's effectiveness in killing soil pests and inhibiting weed growth, as well as the reproduction and survival of pests and pathogens in the soil. However, both lime sulfur and quicklime are alkaline substances, and repeated application can increase soil pH, inhibiting normal olive growth. Using acidic agents to adjust soil pH requires multiple sprays, and since mulch is already in place after the initial lime sulfur application, applying acidic agents before mulching will render the lime sulfur ineffective. Applying acidic agents after mulching, once the lime sulfur's effectiveness has worn off, further increases the need for mulching and uncovering, significantly raising operational costs. Therefore, this invention prepares a method for applying a stabilizer followed by mulching. This stabilizer provides long-term soil pH regulation, reducing operational costs while effectively maintaining soil pH stability.

[0029] Specifically, the stabilizer is made primarily of kaolin, loaded with tartaric acid, enzymatically hydrolyzed particles, and xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles. When applied to soil sprayed with lime sulfur, the phosphate ester bonds formed by glycerol and phosphorus pentoxide in the enzymatically hydrolyzed particles break under the action of alkaline phosphatase in the soil, causing the enzymatically hydrolyzed particles to decompose and be lost, leaving a porous structure in the stabilizer particles. This results in the release of a low amount of tartaric acid loaded on the kaolin, which neutralizes the increase in soil pH caused by the initial spraying of lime sulfur and maintains the stability of soil pH.

[0030] Then, during the second application of lime-sulfur mixture and quicklime the following year, the film had already been removed. Due to the combined application of lime-sulfur mixture and quicklime, the soil pH increased significantly. At this time, because methylene blue was added to the xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles, the methylene blue generated free radicals under light after the film was removed. These free radicals further attacked the xanthan gum, causing it to decompose and release a relatively high amount of loaded tartaric acid, which regulated the significantly increased soil pH. The prepared stabilizer, applied only once, can maintain soil stability after multiple applications of lime-sulfur mixture and quicklime, ensuring a suitable soil environment for olive growth.

[0031] Beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. This invention discloses a comprehensive control method for controlling olive tree borers by brushing on insecticides, spraying lime sulfur, spreading quicklime, covering with mulch, and installing insecticidal lamps. The lime sulfur and quicklime used are environmentally friendly, which can effectively control the occurrence of olive tree borers while reducing the amount of chemical agents used, and has good application prospects.

[0033] 2. The present invention also prepares a stabilizer for application, which can effectively prevent the increase of soil pH caused by lime-sulfur mixture and quicklime while greatly reducing operating costs, ensuring good soil conditions for olive growth and improving planting efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 Image of the long-lasting protective agent for forest trees according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Image of the lime-sulfur mixture prepared according to this invention;

[0036] Figure 3 Image showing the quicklime slaking process of this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 : This is an image showing the installation of the insecticidal lamp of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0039] The long-lasting protective agent for trees described in this invention was purchased from Sichuan Hongzhongzi High-tech Agriculture Co., Ltd.

[0040] Example 1: Stabilizer Preparation

[0041] A: Place 2.5 kg of glycerol into a reaction vessel, then divide 0.6 kg of phosphorus pentoxide into 3 equal portions and add them to the glycerol in 3 separate additions. After each addition, wait for the system temperature to drop to ≤30℃ before adding more. After the phosphorus pentoxide is added, raise the temperature to 60-70℃ at a rate of 1℃ / second, and stir at 350 r / min for 2.5 h. After the reaction is complete, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature, add 20 wt% sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the system to 6.8, then filter to remove the filtrate, dry and grind through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain enzymatically hydrolyzed particles.

[0042] B: Add 2.5 kg xanthan gum to 100 times its weight of water and stir to disperse. Then add 0.15 kg methylene blue and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 8 and homogenize at 45 MPa for 4 min. After homogenization, let stand overnight to obtain xanthan gum composite solution. Add 2 kg tartaric acid to xanthan gum composite solution and mix evenly. Spray dry under the conditions of inlet air temperature of 160℃, outlet air temperature of 75℃ and feed rate of 25 mL / min to obtain xanthan gum loaded with tartaric acid particles.

[0043] C: Add 25 kg of kaolin to 50 kg of water and stir to disperse. Then add 1.8 kg of malonic acid and stir to mix evenly. Heat to 85°C, then add 0.3 kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid and keep the mixture at this temperature for 7 hours. After the reaction is complete, filter to remove the filtrate. Wash the mixture three times with water and add 0.7 kg of tartaric acid. Mix evenly, then add 3 kg of 0.5 wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, 4.5 kg of xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles, and 2.5 kg of enzymatically hydrolyzed particles. Mix evenly to prepare particles with a particle size of 6 mm. Dry at 45°C to obtain the stabilizer.

[0044] Example 2: Stabilizer Preparation II

[0045] A: Place 2 kg of glycerol into a reaction vessel, then divide 0.5 kg of phosphorus pentoxide into 3 equal portions and add them to the glycerol in 3 separate additions. After each addition, wait for the system temperature to drop to ≤30℃ before adding more. After the phosphorus pentoxide is added, raise the temperature to 60℃ at a rate of 1℃ / second, and stir at 300 r / min for 3 hours. After the reaction is complete, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature. Add 20 wt% sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the system to 6.5. Then filter to remove the filtrate, dry and grind the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain enzymatically hydrolyzed particles.

[0046] B: Add 2 kg of xanthan gum to 100 times its weight of water and stir to disperse. Then add 0.1 kg of methylene blue and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 7.5 and homogenize at 40 MPa for 5 min. After homogenization, let stand overnight to obtain xanthan gum composite solution. Add 1.5 kg of tartaric acid to xanthan gum composite solution and mix evenly. Then spray dry under the conditions of inlet air temperature of 150℃, outlet air temperature of 70℃ and feed rate of 20 mL / min to obtain xanthan gum loaded with tartaric acid particles.

[0047] C: Add 20 kg of kaolin to 40 kg of water and stir to disperse. Then add 1.5 kg of malonic acid and stir to mix evenly. Heat to 80°C, then add 0.2 kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid and keep the temperature for 6 hours. After the reaction is complete, filter to remove the filtrate, wash twice with water, add 0.5 kg of tartaric acid and mix evenly. Then add 2 kg of 0.5 wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, 3.5 kg of xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles, and 2 kg of enzymatically hydrolyzed particles and mix evenly to prepare particles with a particle size of 4 mm. Dry at 45°C to obtain the stabilizer.

[0048] Example 3: Preparation of Stabilizer

[0049] A: Place 3 kg of glycerol into a reaction vessel, then divide 1 kg of phosphorus pentoxide into 3 equal portions and add them to the glycerol in 3 separate additions. After each addition, wait for the system temperature to drop to ≤30℃ before adding more. After the phosphorus pentoxide is added, raise the temperature to 70℃ at a rate of 2℃ / second, and stir at 400 r / min for 3 hours. After the reaction is complete, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature. Add 20 wt% sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the system to 7, then filter to remove the filtrate, dry and grind the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain enzymatically hydrolyzed particles.

[0050] B: Add 3 kg of xanthan gum to 100 times its weight of water and stir to disperse. Then add 0.2 kg of methylene blue and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 8.5 and homogenize at 50 MPa for 3 min. After homogenization, let stand overnight to obtain xanthan gum composite solution. Add 2.5 kg of tartaric acid to xanthan gum composite solution and mix evenly. Then spray dry under the conditions of inlet air temperature of 180℃, outlet air temperature of 80℃ and feed rate of 30 mL / min to obtain xanthan gum loaded with tartaric acid particles.

[0051] C: Add 30 kg of kaolin to 60 kg of water and stir to disperse. Then add 2 kg of malonic acid and stir to mix evenly. Heat to 90°C. Then add 0.4 kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid and keep the temperature for 8 hours. After the reaction is complete, filter to remove the filtrate. Wash with water 3 times and add 1 kg of tartaric acid and mix evenly. Then add 4 kg of 0.5 wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, 5.5 kg of xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles, and 3 kg of enzymatically hydrolyzed particles and mix evenly to prepare particles with a particle size of 6 mm. Dry at 45°C to obtain the stabilizer.

[0052] Comparative Example 1: Stabilizer Preparation

[0053] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that methylene blue was not added in step B of the stabilizer preparation in Comparative Example 1. All other steps are the same as in Example 1, as detailed below:

[0054] A: Same as Example 1;

[0055] B: Add 2.5 kg xanthan gum to 100 times its weight of water and stir to disperse. Then adjust the pH to 8 and homogenize at 45 MPa for 4 min. After homogenization, let stand overnight to obtain xanthan gum composite solution. Add 2 kg tartaric acid to xanthan gum composite solution and mix evenly. Then spray dry under the conditions of inlet air temperature of 160℃, outlet air temperature of 75℃ and feed rate of 25 mL / min to obtain xanthan gum loaded with tartaric acid particles.

[0056] C: Same as in Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 2: Stabilizer Preparation

[0058] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 2, the pH was adjusted to 6.5 in step B during the preparation of the stabilizer; all other steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 3: Stabilizer Preparation

[0060] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in step B of the stabilizer preparation in Comparative Example 3, the pH was adjusted to 9.5; all other steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 4: Stabilizer Preparation

[0062] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that homogenization was not performed in step B during the preparation of the stabilizer in Comparative Example 4. All other steps are the same as in Example 1, as detailed below:

[0063] A: Same as Example 1;

[0064] B: Add 2.5 kg xanthan gum to 100 times its weight of water and stir to disperse. Then add 0.15 kg methylene blue and mix evenly to obtain xanthan gum composite solution. Add 2 kg tartaric acid to xanthan gum composite solution and mix evenly. Then spray dry under the conditions of inlet air temperature of 160℃, outlet air temperature of 75℃ and feed rate of 25 mL / min to obtain xanthan gum loaded with tartaric acid particles.

[0065] C: Same as in Example 1.

[0066] Comparative Example 5: Stabilizer Preparation

[0067] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 5, gelatin was used instead of xanthan gum in step B of the stabilizer preparation process, as detailed below:

[0068] A: Same as Example 1;

[0069] B: Add 2.5 kg of gelatin to 100 times its weight of water and stir to disperse. Then add 0.15 kg of methylene blue and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 8 and homogenize at 45 MPa for 4 min. After homogenization, let stand overnight to obtain a gelatin composite solution. Add 2 kg of tartaric acid to the gelatin composite solution and mix evenly. Then spray dry under the conditions of inlet air temperature of 160℃, outlet air temperature of 75℃ and feed rate of 25 mL / min to obtain gelatin-loaded tartaric acid particles.

[0070] C: Add 25 kg of kaolin to 50 kg of water and stir to disperse. Then add 1.8 kg of malonic acid and stir to mix evenly. Heat to 85°C. Then add 0.3 kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid and keep the temperature for 7 hours. After the reaction is complete, filter to remove the filtrate. Wash with water 3 times and add 0.7 kg of tartaric acid and mix evenly. Then add 3 kg of 0.5 wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, 4.5 kg of gelatin-loaded tartaric acid particles, and 2.5 kg of enzymatically hydrolyzed particles and mix evenly to prepare particles with a particle size of 6 mm. Dry at 45°C to obtain the stabilizer.

[0071] Comparative Example 6: Preparation of Stabilizer

[0072] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 6, malonic acid was not added to treat the kaolin in step C during the preparation of the stabilizer, as shown below:

[0073] A-B: Same as in Example 1;

[0074] C: Add 3 kg of 0.5 wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, 4.5 kg of xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles, and 2.5 kg of enzymatically hydrolyzed particles to 25 kg of kaolin. After mixing evenly, prepare particles with a particle size of 6 mm and dry them at 45°C to obtain the stabilizer.

[0075] Comparative Example 7: Preparation of Stabilizer

[0076] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that no enzymatic hydrolysate particles were added during the preparation of the stabilizer in Comparative Example 7, as shown below:

[0077] A: Same as step B in Example 1;

[0078] B: Add 25 kg of kaolin to 50 kg of water and stir to disperse. Then add 1.8 kg of malonic acid and stir to mix evenly. Heat to 85°C, then add 0.3 kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid and keep the temperature for 7 hours. After the reaction is complete, filter to remove the filtrate, wash with water 3 times, add 0.7 kg of tartaric acid and mix evenly. Then add 3 kg of 0.5 wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and 4.5 kg of xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles and mix evenly to prepare particles with a particle size of 6 mm. Dry at 45°C to obtain the stabilizer.

[0079] Example 4: Prevention methods for olive tree stem borers

[0080] (1) In December, select consecutive sunny days and evenly brush the tree long-lasting protective agent along the bottom of the tree basin to a height of 80cm from the trunk;

[0081] (2) After the long-lasting protective agent is brushed on, quicklime:sulfur:water is mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:10 and boiled to obtain a lime-sulfur mixture with a Baume degree of 26 degrees. Then, the lime-sulfur mixture is diluted with water to a Baume degree of 3 and then sprayed evenly from top to bottom and from inside to outside onto the surface of the olive tree. One day after the lime-sulfur mixture is sprayed, the stabilizer prepared according to the method in Example 1 is weighed at a rate of 1.5 kg / tree and then evenly spread on the soil surface below the tree canopy and 1 m outward from the tree canopy drip line. Then, a mulch film is laid.

[0082] (3) In March of the second year, the laid mulch film was removed, and the lime-sulfur mixture prepared in step (2) was diluted to a Baume degree of 0.2 and then sprayed a second time according to the spraying method in step (2).

[0083] (4) Eight days after the second spraying of lime-sulfur mixture, quicklime was sprinkled on the surface and allowed to mature naturally for 24 hours to obtain slaked lime. Then, slaked lime was evenly spread around the trunk of the olive tree at a rate of 0.4 kg / tree.

[0084] (5) Install insecticidal lamps in olive planting areas at a density of one insecticidal lamp per 15 mu for physical pest control.

[0085] Experiment: Prevention of olive tree borer pests

[0086] A prevention experiment against olive stem borers was conducted at an olive orchard in Lianhua Village, Hefeng Township, Fengjie County, Chongqing. The experiment consisted of 9 groups: experimental group 1, control groups 1-7, and a blank control group. The stabilizers and prevention methods used in each group are as follows:

[0087] Experimental group 1 used the stabilizer prepared in Example 1 and the prevention method in Example 4;

[0088] Control groups 1-7 used the stabilizers prepared in comparative examples 1-7 and the prevention method of Example 4, respectively;

[0089] The blank control group did not apply stabilizers, but instead directly laid mulch film, and the remaining steps were the same as the prevention method in Example 4.

[0090] Four-year-old olive trees with uniform growth were selected as experimental plants for each group, with 20 plants in each group. Before prevention, the pest damage rate of olive trees in this area was severe, averaging 74%. Before the experiment, the initial soil pH was measured to be 7.5. Then, 10 days after the first lime-sulfur spray, the soil pH under the canopy of each group was measured and recorded as pH-1. The following year, before the second lime-sulfur spray, the soil pH under the canopy of each group was measured and recorded as pH-2. The following year, 10 days after the application of quicklime, the soil pH under the canopy of each group was measured and recorded as pH-3. The pest damage rate of olive trees in each group was also recorded (pest damage rate = (number of affected plants ÷ number of experimental plants) × 100%; plants with obvious borer holes, frass, emergence holes, and grooves on the trunk were counted as affected plants). Three replicate experiments were conducted, and the average data are shown in Table 1.

[0091] Table 1

[0092]

[0093] Based on the data analysis in Table 1, we can conclude that:

[0094] (1) The method of the present invention can effectively reduce the pest damage rate of olive trees. In experimental group 1, the pest damage rate was reduced by 64% compared with the pest damage rate before treatment. In the blank control group, the soil pH increased to 8.9 without the application of stabilizer, and the pest damage rate also increased significantly. This shows that a suitable soil environment promotes good growth of olive trees and plays an important role in improving tree vigor and enhancing the plant's own pest resistance.

[0095] (2) In control group 1, methylene blue was not added during the preparation of the stabilizer, which resulted in the failure to release free radicals in time under light after the film was removed to promote the decomposition of xanthan gum. Xanthan gum itself has good acid resistance, alkali resistance and antimicrobial degradation properties, which resulted in the failure of tartaric acid in the xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles to be released in time to neutralize the soil pH, causing the pH to rise to 7.9.

[0096] (3) In step B of the stabilizer preparation in control group 2, the pH was adjusted to 6.5. In step B of the stabilizer preparation in control group 4, homogenization was not performed. The changes in reaction conditions affected the performance of xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles in control groups 2 and 4. Specifically, control group 2 adjusted the pH to a slightly acidic environment, while control group 4 did not perform homogenization, resulting in poor binding ability between methylene blue and xanthan gum. When xanthan gum is homogenized in a weakly alkaline environment, its helical structure is sheared and destroyed, exposing internal active groups that become negatively charged, thus binding with positively charged groups. The charged methylene blue reacts and binds through electrostatic interactions. During the subsequent self-recovery process of xanthan gum, the interchain structure re-entangles and encapsulates the methylene blue inside. After the film is removed in the middle and later stages of soil application, under light conditions, the methylene blue generates free radicals due to light exposure, which attack xanthan gum. This accelerates the decomposition of xanthan gum and releases the loaded tartaric acid, which neutralizes the lime-sulfur mixture and slaked lime sprayed in the second stage, thus maintaining the stability of soil pH. Before the film is removed, xanthan gum has good acid resistance, alkali resistance and antimicrobial degradation resistance, which allows it to stably encapsulate tartaric acid on the soil surface.

[0097] (4) In control group 5, gelatin was used instead of xanthan gum in the preparation of the stabilizer. Gelatin does not have good resistance to acid, alkali and microbial degradation, and thus decomposes prematurely to release the loaded tartaric acid, causing the soil pH to drop to 6.6. In control group 6, malonic acid was not used to treat the kaolin in the preparation of the stabilizer, which led to the rapid release of the tartaric acid directly loaded on the kaolin, resulting in a drop in pH and affecting the effect of lime-sulfur mixture. In experimental group 1, malonic acid was added to treat the kaolin, and the malonic acid reacted with the kaolin surface. The esterification of active groups further reduces the water absorption of kaolin, which already has poor water absorption, making it difficult for it to release the directly loaded tartaric acid through water absorption and swelling. Instead, the added enzymatic hydrolysate particles, under alkaline soil conditions, are decomposed by alkaline phosphatase. This causes the original sites of the enzymatic hydrolysate particles in the stabilizer to be lost due to the decomposition of the particles, forming a porous structure. This, in turn, promotes the release of the directly loaded tartaric acid. This allows the lime sulfur mixture to fully exert its insecticidal effect before adjusting the soil pH, thus ensuring both the effectiveness of the lime sulfur mixture and timely regulation of soil pH. In control group 7, no enzymatic hydrolysate particles were added during the preparation of the stabilizer, which failed to promote the timely release of the directly loaded tartaric acid in the kaolin, resulting in a more significant increase in pH-1.

[0098] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Technical aspects, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A method for preventing the occurrence of olive tree borers, characterized in that, The method is as follows: (1) In December, select consecutive sunny days and brush a long-lasting protective agent for trees from the bottom of the tree basin to a height of 50-80cm from the trunk. (2) After the long-lasting protective agent is brushed on, lime sulfur mixture is prepared. Then, the lime sulfur mixture is diluted with water to a Baume degree of 2-3 and sprayed evenly from top to bottom and from inside to outside onto the surface of the olive plant. After the lime sulfur mixture is sprayed for 1-2 days, a stabilizer is applied to the soil surface and then the mulch film is laid. (3) In March of the second year, the laid mulch film was removed, and the lime-sulfur mixture prepared in step (2) was diluted to a Baume degree of 0.2 to 0.5 and then sprayed a second time. (4) After the second spraying of lime-sulfur mixture for 8 to 12 days, take quicklime, sprinkle water on the surface and let it slake naturally for 24 hours to obtain slaked lime. Then, spread the slaked lime evenly around the olive tree trunk within a range of 20 to 50 cm. (5) Install insecticidal lamps in olive planting areas at a density of one lamp per 10 to 20 mu for physical pest control.

2. The method for preventing the occurrence of olive tree borers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of lime-sulfur mixture in step (2) is as follows: The lime-sulfur mixture is prepared by boiling a mixture of quicklime, sulfur, and water in a mass ratio of 1:2:10, and the Baume degree of the mixture is 20-28 degrees.

3. The method for preventing the occurrence of olive tree borers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stabilizer in step (2) includes the following raw materials: Glycerin, phosphorus pentoxide, tartaric acid, xanthan gum, methylene blue, sodium hydroxide, kaolin, malonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

4. The method for preventing olive tree borers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stabilizer is prepared as follows: A: Place glycerol in a reaction vessel, then divide phosphorus pentoxide into 3 equal parts and add them to the glycerol in 3 portions. After each addition, wait for the system temperature to drop to ≤30℃ before adding more. After the phosphorus pentoxide is added, raise the temperature to 60-70℃ at a rate of 1-2℃ / second, and stir at 300-400r / min for 2-3 hours. After the reaction is complete, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature, add 20wt% sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the system to 6.5-7, then filter to remove the filtrate, dry and grind through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain enzymatically hydrolyzed particles. B: Add xanthan gum to 100 times its weight of water and stir to disperse. Then add methylene blue and mix evenly. Adjust the pH to 7.5-8.5 and homogenize at 40-50 MPa for 3-5 minutes. After homogenization, let stand overnight to obtain xanthan gum composite solution. Add tartaric acid to xanthan gum composite solution and mix evenly. Then spray dry to obtain xanthan gum loaded with tartaric acid particles. C: Kaolin is added to water and stirred to disperse it. Then, malonic acid is added and stirred to mix evenly. The mixture is heated to 80-90℃, and then p-toluenesulfonic acid is added and kept at this temperature for 6-8 hours. After the reaction is complete, the filtrate is filtered out and washed with water 2-3 times. Tartaric acid is added and mixed evenly. Then, 0.5wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles, and enzymatically hydrolyzed particles are added and mixed evenly to prepare particles with a particle size of 4-8 mm. After drying, the stabilizer is obtained.

5. The method for preventing the occurrence of olive stem borers according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step A, the mass ratio of glycerol to phosphorus pentoxide is (2-3):(0.5-1).

6. The method for preventing the occurrence of olive tree borers according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step B, the mass ratio of xanthan gum, methylene blue, and tartaric acid is (2-3):(0.1-0.2):(1.5-2.5).

7. The method for preventing the occurrence of olive tree borers according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step B, the spray drying inlet air temperature is 150–180°C, the outlet air temperature is 70–80°C, and the feed rate is 20–30 mL / min.

8. The method for preventing the occurrence of olive stem borers according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step C, the mass ratio of kaolin, malonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, tartaric acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, xanthan gum-loaded tartaric acid particles, and enzymatically hydrolyzed particles is (20-30): (1.5-2): (0.2-0.4): (0.5-1): (2-4): (3.5-5.5): (2-3).

9. A method for preventing the occurrence of olive tree borers according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method for applying the stabilizer is as follows: weigh out 1-2 kg of stabilizer per tree and then evenly spread it on the soil surface below the tree canopy and extending 1 m outward from the tree canopy drip line.

10. A method for preventing the occurrence of olive stem borers according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step (4), the amount of slaked lime applied is 0.2 to 0.5 kg / plant.

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