Five-in-one mosquito and fly prevention and control patch integrating functions of trapping, capturing, decomposing, state visualization and full degradation and preparation method of five-in-one mosquito and fly prevention and control patch

Abstract

The invention discloses a five-in-one mosquito and fly prevention and control patch integrating functions of trapping, capturing, decomposing, state visualization and full degradation and a preparation method of the five-in-one mosquito and fly prevention and control patch. The product adopts a bionic leaf-shaped design, and integrates a composite slow-release attractant and a noctilucent spectrum to attract mosquitoes and flies; dual physical capture is realized by utilizing bio-based high-viscosity glue and PLA spunlace fibers; insect bodies are quickly liquefied and decomposed through the pre-buried protease / lipase microcapsules, and secondary pollution is completely eradicated; purple cabbage anthocyanin is blended into the base material, insect bodies are decomposed to produce acid to trigger color to gradually change from emerald green to golden yellow / dark red, and the working state and the replacement opportunity are visually displayed; all the materials are bio-based or degradable components, and are completely degraded into humus within 180 days after being discarded. The system has the advantages of efficient killing, absolute safety, intelligent interaction, zero environment load and the like, and is suitable for green mosquito and fly prevention and control in multiple scenes such as families, catering, breeding and agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pest control, specifically to a five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch that integrates trapping, capturing, decomposition, status visualization and full degradation functions, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Mosquitoes and flies are important vectors for dozens of diseases, including malaria, dengue fever, and cholera, posing a serious threat to human health. Traditional mosquito and fly control techniques have the following systemic flaws: Common chemical control methods, such as sprays and mosquito coils, release chemicals such as formaldehyde, benzene compounds, and pyrethroids. Long-term use can easily lead to damage to human health, such as respiratory diseases, nervous system problems, and induce pesticide resistance in pests.

[0003] In addition, physical control methods such as flypaper and electric mosquito swatters, although free of chemical pollution, require manual cleaning of insect carcasses, which is unsanitary and prone to bacterial growth; these products often use non-degradable plastic substrates, which create "white pollution" after disposal.

[0004] Meanwhile, the above methods also have ecological and safety issues. Chemical residues accumulate through the food chain, threatening food safety. In addition, they have a killing effect on non-target organisms (such as pollinating insects), disrupting the ecological balance.

[0005] More importantly, these existing products generally lack effective lifespan indicators, making it difficult for users to intuitively determine when to replace them, which can easily lead to prevention failure or waste of resources.

[0006] Therefore, the market urgently needs a next-generation mosquito and fly control product that can simultaneously achieve highly efficient extermination, safe use, visible status updates, and environmental friendliness. An ideal product should possess the ability to target and trap insects, rapidly and harmlessly dispose of dead insects, intelligently prompt for replacement, and completely degrade and return to nature after use. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch that integrates trapping, capture, decomposition, status visualization and full degradation functions. Through modular integrated design, this product solves the problems of trapping, capture, decomposition, status indication and final degradation in one go, realizing the ecological, intelligent and harmless full life cycle of mosquito and fly control from "use" to "disposal".

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch integrating trapping, capture, decomposition, status visualization, and full degradation functions. The patch has a multi-layered structure, comprising, from top to bottom, a biodegradable base layer carrying functional materials, an adhesive backing layer, and a release paper layer; the functional materials include: (a) Intelligent attraction component unit, comprising a composite slow-release attractant for mosquitoes and flies dispersed in a biodegradable substrate and a spectral enhancer disposed at the edge of the biodegradable substrate; (b) The capture component unit comprises a bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer applied to the upper surface of the biodegradable substrate and biodegradable microfibers dispersed in the biodegradable substrate; (c) Decomposition component unit, containing pre-embedded protease and lipase sustained-release microcapsules; (d) State visualization component unit, containing natural pigments that are sensitive to pH and whose color changes with the acidity of the insect decomposition products; The biodegradable base layer and adhesive backing of the patch are fully biodegradable in natural environments.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite sustained-release attractant in the intelligent inducing component unit includes a lactic acid-octenol system and a molasses-indole compound system embedded in β-cyclodextrin microcapsules; the spectral enhancer is a rare earth long afterglow phosphor, which emits light with a wavelength of 450-500 nm after excitation.

[0010] Using sustained-release microcapsule technology, a lactic acid-octenol complex attractant targeting mosquitoes and a molasses-indole compound targeting flies are encapsulated. The microcapsule wall material is β-cyclodextrin, which can achieve stable and controllable release for 30-45 days (daily release rate error ≤ ±5%), with attraction radii of 3-5 meters (mosquitoes) and 5-8 meters (flies), respectively.

[0011] The spectral enhancer is embedded in the edge area of ​​the product. This can be achieved by pre-placing the phosphor powder or paste into the edge grooves of the mold before hot pressing, or by locally coating the edges of the molded substrate using screen printing. Rare-earth long-afterglow phosphors, such as SrAl2O4:Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺, are used. After absorbing light energy, this material actively emits soft light (0.5-1.2 lux illuminance) at night with a wavelength of 450-500 nm. This wavelength band highly matches the visual sensitivity peak of mosquito compound eyes, significantly enhancing the nighttime targeting attraction to mosquitoes and flies, and is non-irritating to the human eye.

[0012] The product's overall design resembles a maple or ginkgo leaf. Its vein patterns are not only aesthetically pleasing but also guide airflow, enhancing the attractant's diffusion efficiency. The surface features micro-nano-level protrusions (10-20μm), mimicking the surface of plant leaves to reduce pest alertness.

[0013] Furthermore, the microfibers in the capture component unit are made of polylactic acid (PLA), with a diameter of 50-100 μm and an aspect ratio of 10:1, and are randomly distributed in a spiral shape in the bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

[0014] The bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is prepared using pine resin and natural rubber as the main components. Its initial viscosity is ≥2000 cP, its holding power is ≥72 hours, and its viscosity retention rate is ≥85% over a wide temperature range of -10℃ to 60℃, ensuring firm adhesion to pests under various environmental conditions.

[0015] Polylactic acid (PLA) microfibers with a diameter of 50-100 μm and an aspect ratio of 10:1 are uniformly embedded in the adhesive layer. These fibers are randomly distributed in a spiral shape. When mosquitoes and flies come into contact with the adhesive layer, their leg bristles and wing veins are entangled and locked by the microfibers, forming a dual capture mechanism of "physical + adhesive", making the escape probability extremely low.

[0016] Furthermore, the protease activity in the decomposition component unit is ≥500 U / g, and the lipase activity is ≥300 U / g. Both are encapsulated in a gelatin-pectin composite microcapsule. After the insect is captured, its struggle can break the microcapsule, and the enzyme solution will liquefy and decompose the insect within 15 minutes.

[0017] The embedded enzyme reaction system contains gelatin-pectin composite microcapsules pre-embedded in the functional layer, carrying protease (from Bacillus subtilis, activity ≥500 U / g) and lipase (from Pseudomonas, activity ≥300 U / g). The struggles of captured mosquitoes and flies rupture the microcapsules, releasing the enzyme solution.

[0018] The released proteases and lipases can decompose the insect's proteins and fats into water-soluble amino acids, short peptides, and fatty acids within 15 minutes, with a liquefaction decomposition rate of ≥95%. This process completely avoids the odor and pathogenic microorganism growth problems caused by the decay of insect carcasses. The decomposition products of the insect can serve as an additional carbon source for subsequent microbial degradation, accelerating the biodegradation process of the product's main materials.

[0019] Furthermore, the natural pigment in the state visualization component unit is anthocyanin extracted from purple cabbage, and the initial product color is emerald green; the decomposition of the insect body causes a local pH decrease, which gradually changes the color to golden yellow or dark red, and the color difference value ΔE is linearly positively correlated with the capture amount (R²≥0.90).

[0020] pH-responsive color change mechanism: Anthocyanins extracted from purple cabbage (content 0.5-1.0 wt%) are uniformly mixed into the biodegradable substrate layer as a natural pH indicator. The product is initially neutral (pH 6.5-7.0) and bright green in color.

[0021] Color and Capture Quantity Correlation: The fatty acids produced after the insects are broken down by enzymes lower the pH of the local microenvironment (to 4.0-4.5). Under these acidic conditions, anthocyanins undergo irreversible color changes, gradually changing from emerald green to golden yellow (ginkgo leaf) or deep red (maple leaf). Experiments have verified that the color difference value (ΔE) of the color change is highly linearly positively correlated with the number of insects captured (R²≥0.92).

[0022] Intuitive replacement prompt: When the product color stabilizes and turns into a darker shade (ΔE≥35), it intuitively prompts the user that the product's viscosity is nearing saturation (e.g., capture quantity ≥50 individuals / 100cm²) or the attractant is about to run out, requiring timely replacement, thus solving the pain point of "blindly judging efficacy".

[0023] Furthermore, the biodegradable base layer is mainly made of modified corn starch, sodium alginate and glycerol through a cross-linking reaction; after the product is disposed of, it can be completely biodegraded into carbon dioxide, water and humic substances within 180 days, without producing microplastic residues.

[0024] Substrate formulation: The base layer is made by cross-linking modification of modified corn starch (45wt%), sodium alginate (15wt%) and glycerol plasticizer (5wt%), and has good mechanical properties (tensile strength ≥15MPa) and processability.

[0025] Furthermore, the bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and backing layer on the upper surface of the biodegradable substrate are made of pine resin and natural rubber as the main components, and are high-viscosity bio-adhesives with an initial viscosity ≥2000 cP.

[0026] This invention also discloses a method for preparing the above-mentioned five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch that integrates trapping, capture, decomposition, state visualization, and full degradation functions, comprising the following steps: (1) To prepare a biodegradable substrate slurry, modified corn starch, sodium alginate, glycerol, and distilled water were mixed and stirred in a water bath until homogeneous gelatinization. Epichlorohydrin was added as a crosslinking agent, and the reaction was continued to obtain a biopolymer substrate slurry with good film-forming properties. (2) The microfibers in the intelligent induction component unit, the capture component unit, the decomposition component unit, and the state visualization component unit are added to the substrate slurry to obtain a substrate slurry containing functional materials; (3) Casting film, pre-placed phosphor and molding: Cast the substrate slurry containing functional materials into a film, and use a pre-made leaf-shaped mold for hot pressing. Before putting the slurry film into the mold, the long afterglow phosphor powder is evenly sprinkled into the groove at the edge of the mold. During hot pressing, the sheet is filled into the groove and the phosphor is covered and fixed, resulting in a substrate with clear leaf vein texture and phosphor embedded at the edge. (4) Coat the front side of the formed substrate with a bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, coat the back side with an adhesive layer, and laminate with release paper; (5) Post-processing and packaging: The finished product is placed under ultraviolet light for curing to further improve the degree of cross-linking. After cutting and inspection, each product is individually sealed in an aluminum foil bag to prevent moisture absorption.

[0027] 1. High efficiency and broad spectrum: Combining composite attraction with spectral and biomimetic design, it has a high capture rate for common mosquitoes and flies (≥95% capture rate for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and ≥90% capture rate for houseflies in the laboratory) and a large effective area.

[0028] 2. Root cause cleaning: Bio-enzymes rapidly decompose the insect body, fundamentally eliminating hygiene and odor problems caused by insect carcasses, achieving "catch and process".

[0029] 3. Intelligent and intuitive: The built-in pH color-changing system transforms the invisible "capture amount" and "remaining efficiency" into visible color changes, providing an excellent user experience and facilitating large-scale performance monitoring.

[0030] 4. Extremely safe: No chemical pesticides are used throughout the entire process; oral toxicity LD50 is extremely low. 50 >5000mg / kg, safe and friendly to mammals, children, pets and pollinating insects.

[0031] 5. Environmentally friendly: All components are bio-based or biodegradable materials, which completely degrade into humus within 180 days, reducing the carbon footprint by more than 70% compared to traditional plastic products, truly achieving an ecological closed loop of coming from nature and returning to nature.

[0032] 6. Strong adaptability to various scenarios: The product performance is stable in environments ranging from -20℃ to 70℃ and in high humidity. The adhesive backing design makes it easy to stick to a variety of surfaces, making it suitable for a wide range of scenarios from homes to farms and from temperate to tropical regions. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 : A schematic cross-sectional view of the layered structure of the five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the product's biomimetic leaf-shaped design and surface structure.

[0035] Figure 3 : Curve graph showing the relationship between product color change (ΔE value) and the number of mosquitoes and flies captured.

[0036] Figure 4 Degradation curve of product quality over time in a composting environment.

[0037] The components include: 1. biodegradable base layer, 2. adhesive backing layer, 3. release paper layer, 11. bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, 12. microfiber, and 13. spectral enhancer. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Example

[0039] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch integrating trapping, capture, decomposition, status visualization, and full degradation functions is disclosed. The patch has a multi-layer structure, including, from top to bottom, a biodegradable base layer 1 carrying functional materials, an adhesive backing layer 2, and a release paper layer 3; the functional materials include: (a) Intelligent attraction component unit, comprising a composite slow-release attractant and a spectral enhancer for mosquitoes and flies dispersed in a biodegradable substrate layer; (b) The capture component unit comprises a bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer applied to the upper surface of the biodegradable substrate and biodegradable microfibers dispersed in the biodegradable substrate; (c) Decomposition component unit, containing pre-embedded protease and lipase sustained-release microcapsules; (d) State visualization component unit, containing natural pigments that are sensitive to pH and whose color changes with the acidity of the insect decomposition products; The biodegradable base layer and adhesive backing of the patch are fully biodegradable in natural environments.

[0040] Example 2: Preparation of a five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch 1. Preparation of substrate slurry: Mix 45g modified corn starch, 15g sodium alginate, 5g glycerol with 200ml distilled water, and stir in an 80℃ water bath for 30 minutes until uniformly gelatinized. Add 0.5g epichlorohydrin as a crosslinking agent, and continue the reaction for 20 minutes to obtain a biopolymer substrate slurry with good film-forming properties.

[0041] 2. Preparation of functional layer mixture: Add 2.5g of lactic acid-octenol microcapsules, 3.5g of molasses-indole microcapsules, 0.8g of protease / lipase composite microcapsules, 5g of PLA microfiber, and 0.8g of purple cabbage anthocyanin powder to the above slurry, and stir at high speed until evenly dispersed.

[0042] Casting, phosphor pre-positioning, and molding: The mixed slurry is cast onto a smooth flat plate, controlling the thickness to 0.8 mm, and pre-dried in a 50°C oven until it is peelable but still retains plasticity. Hot pressing is then performed using a pre-fabricated leaf-shaped mold (with shallow grooves designed on the mold edges). Before placing the slurry film, long-afterglow phosphor (SrAl2O4:Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺) powder is evenly sprinkled into the grooves on the edge of the mold. During hot pressing, the slurry fills the grooves and coats and fixes the phosphor, resulting in a substrate with clear leaf vein texture and phosphor embedded in the edges.

[0043] 3. Coating the functional layer and adhesive backing: The high-viscosity bio-adhesive (approximately 20 g / m²) is uniformly coated on the front side of the substrate (i.e., the side with texture and embedded phosphor after molding) as the capture module. A bio-based adhesive backing for bonding and fixing is uniformly coated on the back side of the substrate, followed by a silicone release paper.

[0044] 4. Post-processing and packaging: The finished product is cured under ultraviolet light (wavelength 365nm, energy 500mJ / cm²) to further improve the degree of cross-linking. After cutting and inspection, each product is individually sealed in an aluminum foil bag to prevent moisture absorption.

[0045] All of the following tests were conducted using the five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch prepared in Example 2.

[0046] 1. Trapping efficiency test: When 100 Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were released in a standard test chamber (30m³), the product of this invention achieved a mosquito capture rate of 96% after 24 hours. In a week-long field test in a 100㎡ restaurant kitchen, the mosquito and fly density decreased by 85%.

[0047] 2. Decomposition effect test: The product containing 10 houseflies was placed in an environment of 25℃ for observation. Within 30 minutes, the insect bodies began to liquefy; after 2 hours, more than 95% of the insect body tissue was decomposed into a liquid state.

[0048] 3.Reference Figure 3 Color change response test: The product color was monitored using a colorimeter. The initial color difference ΔE was 0. After capturing 5 mosquitoes and flies, ΔE rose to 10 (visible light yellow); after capturing 25, ΔE rose to 30 (obvious orange-yellow); when the number of captured reached 50, ΔE stabilized at around 38 (deep red), showing good linearity in the color change response.

[0049] 4.Reference Figure 4 Degradation performance test: Composting degradation test was conducted in accordance with GB / T 20197-2006 standard.

[0050] Three-stage degradation process: After the product is disposed of, it will complete complete biodegradation within 180 days in natural composting or soil environments. Phase 1 (0-30 days): The hydrophilic substrate absorbs water, swells and softens, and microorganisms in the environment (such as Bacillus and Pseudomonas) begin to colonize.

[0051] Phase 2 (30-90 days): Microbial enzymatic hydrolysis breaks down the high molecular weight polysaccharide backbone into oligosaccharide fragments with a molecular weight of less than 5000 Da.

[0052] Phase 3 (90-180 days): The material is completely mineralized into carbon dioxide, water and about 5 grams of nitrogen-rich humus (nitrogen content ≥2.5%), returning to nature and achieving zero plastic residue (0% detection of microplastics with a particle size <5mm).

[0053] At 90 days, the mass loss rate reached 88%; at 180 days, the degradation rate exceeded 99%, and the remaining material was loose humus.

[0054] 5. Safety performance test: Oral acute toxicity test (rat) LD50 50 >5000mg / kg, classifying it as practically non-toxic. It is non-irritating to the skin and eyes of rabbits. LC50 for contact toxicity to Italian honeybees. 50 >1000 mg / L, which is considered low risk.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch integrating trapping, capture, decomposition, status visualization, and full degradation functions, characterized in that: The patch has a multi-layer structure, comprising, from top to bottom, a biodegradable base layer carrying functional materials, an adhesive backing layer, and a release paper layer; the functional materials include: (a) Intelligent attraction component unit, comprising a composite slow-release attractant and a spectral enhancer for mosquitoes and flies dispersed in a biodegradable substrate layer; (b) The capture component unit comprises a bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer applied to the upper surface of the biodegradable substrate and biodegradable microfibers dispersed in the biodegradable substrate; (c) Decomposition component unit, containing pre-embedded protease and lipase sustained-release microcapsules; (d) State visualization component unit, containing natural pigments that are sensitive to pH and whose color changes with the acidity of the insect decomposition products; The biodegradable base layer and adhesive backing of the patch are fully biodegradable in natural environments.

2. The five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch according to claim 1, which integrates trapping, capture, decomposition, status visualization, and full degradation functions, is characterized in that: The composite sustained-release attractant in the intelligent inducing component unit includes a lactic acid-octenol system and a molasses-indole compound system embedded in β-cyclodextrin microcapsules; the spectral enhancer is a rare earth long afterglow phosphor, which emits light with a wavelength of 450-500 nm after excitation.

3. The five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch according to claim 1, which integrates trapping, capture, decomposition, status visualization, and full degradation functions, is characterized in that: The microfibers in the capture component unit are made of polylactic acid (PLA), with a diameter of 50-100 μm and an aspect ratio of 10:1, and are randomly distributed in a spiral shape in the bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

4. The five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch according to claim 1, which integrates trapping, capture, decomposition, status visualization, and full degradation functions, is characterized in that: The protease activity in the decomposition component unit is ≥500 U / g, and the lipase activity is ≥300 U / g. Both are encapsulated in a gelatin-pectin composite microcapsule. After the insect is captured, its struggle can break the microcapsule, and the enzyme solution will liquefy and decompose the insect within 15 minutes.

5. The five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch according to claim 1, which integrates trapping, capturing, decomposition, status visualization, and full degradation functions, is characterized in that: The natural pigment in the state visualization component unit is anthocyanin extracted from purple cabbage. The initial product color is emerald green; the decomposition of the insect body causes a local pH decrease, gradually changing the color to golden yellow or dark red, and the color difference value... E is linearly positively correlated with the catch (R²≥0.90).

6. The five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch according to claim 1, which integrates trapping, capture, decomposition, status visualization, and full degradation functions, is characterized in that: The biodegradable base layer is mainly made of modified corn starch, sodium alginate and glycerol through a cross-linking reaction; after the product is disposed of, it can be completely biodegraded into carbon dioxide, water and humic substances within 180 days, without producing microplastic residues.

7. The five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch according to claim 1, which integrates trapping, capturing, decomposition, status visualization, and full degradation functions, is characterized in that: The bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and backing layer on the upper surface of the biodegradable substrate are made of pine resin and natural rubber as the main components, and are high-viscosity bio-adhesives with an initial viscosity ≥2000 cP.

8. A method for preparing a five-in-one mosquito and fly control patch as described in any one of claims 1-7, integrating functions of trapping, capturing, decomposing, state visualization, and full degradation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) To prepare a biodegradable substrate slurry, modified corn starch, sodium alginate, glycerol, and distilled water were mixed and stirred in a water bath until homogeneous gelatinization. Epichlorohydrin was added as a crosslinking agent, and the reaction was continued to obtain a biopolymer substrate slurry with good film-forming properties. (2) The microfibers in the intelligent induction component unit, the capture component unit, the decomposition component unit, and the state visualization component unit are added to the substrate slurry to obtain a substrate slurry containing functional materials; (3) Casting film, pre-placed phosphor and molding: Cast the substrate slurry containing functional materials into a film, and use a pre-made leaf-shaped mold for hot pressing. Before putting the slurry film into the mold, the long afterglow phosphor powder is evenly sprinkled into the groove at the edge of the mold. During hot pressing, the sheet is filled into the groove and the phosphor is covered and fixed, resulting in a substrate with clear leaf vein texture and phosphor embedded at the edge. (4) Coat the front side of the formed substrate with a bio-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, coat the back side with an adhesive layer, and laminate with release paper; (5) Post-processing and packaging: The finished product is placed under ultraviolet light for curing to further improve the degree of cross-linking. After cutting and inspection, each product is individually sealed in an aluminum foil bag to prevent moisture absorption.

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