Plant immunomodulator for preventing jackfruit from cracking and use method of plant immunomodulator
The plant immune modulator, produced through fermentation, utilizes specific microorganisms and plant materials to solve the problem of jackfruit cracking, thereby improving jackfruit yield and quality, and reducing fruit cracking losses and planting costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TROPICAL FRUIT RES INST HAINAN ACADOF AGRI SCI
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Jackfruit is prone to cracking during cultivation, resulting in high yield losses. Existing crack prevention measures are unstable, costly, and can easily cause soil compaction.
Using eucalyptus leaves, *Ipomoea quamoclit*, *Wedelia trichoderma*, and dragon fruit stems as the main raw materials, combined with *Bacillus licheniformis*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, and *Metarhizium anisopliae*, a plant immune modulator was fermented and applied to the rhizosphere soil of jackfruit plants. The fermentation process controlled the temperature and time to reduce the fruit cracking rate and improve fruit quality.
It significantly reduces the rate of jackfruit cracking, increases the rate of marketable fruit and yield, improves the pulp content, achieves resource recycling, reduces costs, avoids soil compaction, and is suitable for large-scale cultivation.
Smart Images
Figure CN122004256A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of jackfruit cultivation, specifically relating to a plant immune regulator that prevents jackfruit cracking and its application method. Background Technology
[0002] Jackfruit is a typical tropical fruit and a key pillar industry of tropical high-efficiency agriculture. During cultivation, jackfruit is highly susceptible to cracking, which can cause yield losses of 28%-32%, and in some areas even exceed 40%, severely impacting farmers' income and the sustainable development of the industry. Therefore, preventing jackfruit cracking is a key bottleneck restricting the high-quality development of the jackfruit industry. The main causes are: First, jackfruit grows in tropical regions with a pronounced tropical monsoon climate and concentrated rainfall throughout the year (more than 70% of the annual rainfall occurs from May to October), with significant alternations between prolonged drought and sudden rain, and prolonged rain followed by sudden sunshine. Second, the soil in some planting areas is acidic (pH 4.5-5.5), with low availability of micronutrients such as calcium and magnesium, leading to a widespread cracking rate of 35%-60%. Third, cultivation management often involves excessive nitrogen fertilization, with continued application of balanced fertilizers during the fruiting period, resulting in a deficiency in phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
[0003] When jackfruit cracks, the exposed flesh is susceptible to infection by anthracnose and stem rot pathogens within 48 hours. Within 7-10 days, black mold will develop and the fruit will completely rot, reducing the marketable fruit yield and potentially leading to disease outbreaks in the orchard. Currently, common anti-cracking measures in jackfruit cultivation include foliar spraying of calcium and boron fertilizers and fruit bagging. However, these methods suffer from inconsistent effectiveness (cracking rates remain above 25%), high costs (increasing annual input by 300-500 yuan per acre), and soil compaction. Therefore, developing a low-cost, high-efficiency anti-cracking technology specifically tailored to the characteristics of jackfruit cultivation is of significant practical importance for reducing jackfruit cracking losses, improving the industry's economic benefits, and promoting standardized jackfruit cultivation. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention addresses the problems of high fruit cracking rate and ineffective existing anti-cracking measures in jackfruit cultivation in Hainan Province. It provides a plant immune regulator for preventing jackfruit cracking and its application method. When applied during jackfruit cultivation, it can effectively reduce the fruit cracking rate and increase the marketable fruit rate and yield.
[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A plant immunomodulator for preventing jackfruit cracking comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts eucalyptus leaves, 10-30 parts *Ipomoea quamoclit*, 1-10 parts *Wedelia trichoderma*, 2-6 parts dragon fruit stems, 0.5-1 part *Bacillus licheniformis*, 0.1-0.5 parts *Bacillus laterosporus*, 0.1-0.5 parts *Trichoderma harzianum*, and 0.1-0.3 parts *Metarhizium anisopliae*.
[0006] Furthermore, the plant immunomodulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts eucalyptus leaves, 20 parts *Ipomoea aquatica*, 5 parts *Wedelia trichoderma*, 4 parts dragon fruit stems, 0.7 parts *Bacillus licheniformis*, 0.3 parts *Bacillus laterosporus*, 0.3 parts *Trichoderma harzianum*, and 0.2 parts *Metarhizium anisopliae*.
[0007] Furthermore, the effective viable count of the Bacillus licheniformis is ≥10. 7 CFU / g; Bacillus laterosporus viable count ≥10 7 CFU / g; Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22, with an effective viable count ≥10-1 9 CFU / g; the effective viable count of Metarhizium anisopliae is ≥10. 9 CFU / g. Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma harzianum, and Bacillus laterosporus were purchased from Beihai Qiangxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
[0008] The method for preparing the plant immunomodulator includes the following steps: ( ) Take eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass, crush them, add water equal to 20-30% of the weight of eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass, then add Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus laterosporus, mix well and pile them into a material pile with a height of 30-50cm and a width of 50-60cm. Control the temperature at 25-40℃ and compost for 5-15 days. When the temperature of the material pile exceeds 45℃, turn the pile over to cool it down and obtain composted material. (2) After crushing the weevil, add it to the composted material, then add Metarhizium anisopliae, mix well, and continue composting and fermenting at a temperature of 20-35℃ for 5-7 days. When the temperature of the material pile exceeds 40℃, turn the pile over to cool it down, and obtain material A; add an equal weight of water to the dragon fruit stem, crush and pulp it, add Trichoderma harzianum and mix well, control the temperature at 20-35℃ to ferment for 3-7 days, and stir to cool it down when the temperature exceeds 37℃, and obtain material B; (3) Mix material A and material B evenly, control the temperature at 25-35℃ and compost for 8-12 days. When the temperature of the pile exceeds 37℃, turn the pile to cool it down, and the plant immune regulator is obtained. Further, in step (1), add water at 20-30% of the weight of eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass. During the composting process, the eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass are piled into a pile with a height of 30-50cm and a width of 50-60cm. During the fermentation process, control the temperature at 25-40℃ and ferment for 5-15 days. When the temperature of the pile exceeds 45℃, turn the pile to cool it down.
[0009] Furthermore, in step (2), during the fermentation of material A, the temperature is controlled at 20-35℃. If the temperature of the material pile exceeds 40℃, it is turned over to cool down and fermented for 5-7 days. The amount of water added to the dragon fruit stem is the same as the weight of the dragon fruit stem. During the fermentation of material B, the temperature is controlled at 20-35℃. If the temperature exceeds 37℃, it is stirred to cool down and fermented for 3-7 days.
[0010] Furthermore, in step (3), the temperature is controlled at 25-35℃ during the composting process, and the composting is carried out for 8-12 days. If the temperature of the material pile exceeds 37℃, it is turned over to cool down.
[0011] The above-mentioned plant immunomodulators are used to reduce the cracking rate of jackfruit, increase the marketable fruit rate of jackfruit, increase the yield of jackfruit, and / or increase the flesh rate of jackfruit.
[0012] A method for preventing jackfruit from cracking includes the following steps: During the fruit development period of jackfruit (generally 5 days after fruit set), apply the above-mentioned plant immune regulator to the rhizosphere soil of the jackfruit plant.
[0013] Furthermore, the dosage per jackfruit plant is 5-10 kg; when applying, dig a hole or trench 30-50 cm away from the jackfruit plant, apply the plant immune regulator, and then cover with soil.
[0014] Furthermore, the plant immune regulator is applied once a month; if there is a continuous drought of more than 15 days, apply it once before irrigation and apply it 1-2 times after irrigation; if there is continuous rainfall of more than 3 days, apply it 1-2 times immediately after the rainfall ends, with an interval of 5-7 days between each application.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The plant immunomodulator described in this invention uses eucalyptus leaves, *Ipomoea quamoclit*, *Wedelia trichoderma*, and dragon fruit stems as fermentation materials. These materials are fermented in stages with the addition of *Bacillus licheniformis*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, and *Metarhizium anisopliae*. When applied to jackfruit plants, this plant immunomodulator not only reduces the rate of fruit cracking and significantly increases the yield and marketable fruit rate, but also improves the fleshy portion of the jackfruit to a certain extent. This achieves a dual improvement in both yield and fruit quality, providing a new approach to reducing jackfruit cracking losses and enhancing the economic benefits of jackfruit cultivation. Furthermore, the raw materials used in this invention—eucalyptus leaves, *Ipomoea quamoclit*, *Wedelia trichoderma*, and dragon fruit stems—are waste materials or invasive plants, enabling comprehensive resource recycling. This method is not only low-cost but also environmentally friendly. After fermentation, it does not cause soil compaction, offering advantages of low cost and high efficiency, which is conducive to the large-scale and standardized cultivation of jackfruit. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a cracked jackfruit (Qiongyin No. 8).
[0018] Figure 2 This is a normal result for jackfruit (Qiongyin No. 8).
[0019] Figure 3 The fruit cracking of jackfruit (Thailand No. 12) after application of the plant immunomodulator described in this invention.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a cracked fruit of a normally cultivated jackfruit (Thailand No. 12). Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] In the following examples, Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus laterosporus, and Metarhizium anisopliae were purchased from Beihai Qiangxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
[0023] Example 1 A plant immunomodulator for preventing jackfruit cracking comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts eucalyptus leaves, 10 parts *Gnaphalium affine*, 1 part *Wedelia trichoderma*, 2 parts dragon fruit stems, 0.5 parts *Bacillus licheniformis*, 0.1 parts *Bacillus laterosporus*, 0.1 parts *Trichoderma harzianum*, and 0.1 parts *Metarhizium anisopliae*. The *Bacillus licheniformis* has an effective viable count of 10-1. 7 CFU / g; Bacillus laterosporus viable count was 10. 7 CFU / g; Trichoderma harzianum is strain T-22, with an effective viable count of 10. 9 CFU / g; Effective viable count of Metarhizium anisopliae is 10. 9 CFU / g.
[0024] The method for preparing the plant immunomodulator includes the following steps: (1) Take eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass, crush them, add water, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus laterosporus, mix them well and compost to obtain compost material; add water equal to 20% of the weight of eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass. During the composting process, the eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass are piled into a pile with a height of 30-50cm and a width of 50-60cm. During the fermentation process, the temperature is controlled at 25-40℃. After 5 days of fermentation, if the temperature of the pile exceeds 45℃, turn the pile to cool it down. (2) After crushing the weevil, add it to the composted material, then add Metarhizium anisopliae, mix well and continue composting and fermenting. Control the temperature at 20-35℃. If the temperature of the material pile exceeds 40℃, turn the pile to cool it down. Ferment for 5 days to obtain material A. Add water equal to the weight of the dragon fruit stem to the dragon fruit stem, crush and pulp it, add Trichoderma harzianum and mix well. Control the temperature at 20-35℃. If the temperature exceeds 37℃, stir to cool it down. Ferment for 3 days to obtain material B. (3) Mix material A and material B evenly and continue to compost. Control the temperature at 25-35℃ during composting. Compost for 8 days. If the temperature of the pile exceeds 37℃, turn the pile over to cool it down.
[0025] Example 2 A plant immunomodulator for preventing jackfruit cracking, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts eucalyptus leaves, 20 parts *Ipomoea quamoclit*, 5 parts *Wedelia trichoderma*, 4 parts dragon fruit stems, 0.7 parts *Bacillus licheniformis*, 0.3 parts *Bacillus laterosporus*, 0.3 parts *Trichoderma harzianum*, and 0.2 parts *Metarhizium anisopliae*. The effective viable count of *Bacillus licheniformis* is 10. 8 CFU / g; Bacillus laterosporus viable count was 10. 8 CFU / g; Trichoderma harzianum is strain T-22, with an effective viable count of 10. 9 CFU / g; Effective viable count of Metarhizium anisopliae is 10. 9 CFU / g.
[0026] The method for preparing the plant immunomodulator includes the following steps: (1) Take eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass, crush them, add water, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus laterosporus, mix them well and compost to obtain compost material; add water equal to 25% of the weight of eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass. During the composting process, the eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass are piled into a pile with a height of 30-50cm and a width of 50-60cm. During the fermentation process, the temperature is controlled at 25-40℃. After 10 days of fermentation, if the temperature of the pile exceeds 45℃, turn the pile to cool it down. (2) After crushing the weevil, add it to the composted material, then add Metarhizium anisopliae, mix well and continue composting and fermenting. Control the temperature at 20-35℃. If the temperature of the material pile exceeds 40℃, turn the pile to cool it down. Ferment for 6 days to obtain material A. Add water equal to the weight of the dragon fruit stem to the crushed and pulped material, then add Trichoderma harzianum and mix well. Control the temperature at 20-35℃. If the temperature exceeds 37℃, stir to cool it down. Ferment for 5 days to obtain material B. (3) Mix material A and material B evenly and continue to compost. Control the temperature at 25-35℃ during composting. Compost for 10 days. If the temperature of the pile exceeds 37℃, turn the pile over to cool it down.
[0027] Example 3 A plant immunomodulator for preventing jackfruit cracking comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts eucalyptus leaves, 30 parts *Ipomoea quamoclit*, 10 parts *Wedelia trichoderma*, 6 parts dragon fruit stems, 1 part *Bacillus licheniformis*, 0.5 parts *Bacillus laterosporus*, 0.5 parts *Trichoderma harzianum*, and 0.3 parts *Metarhizium anisopliae*. The *Bacillus licheniformis* has an effective viable count of 10-1. 7 CFU / g; Bacillus laterosporus viable count was 10. 8 CFU / g; Trichoderma harzianum is strain T-22, with an effective viable count of 10. 10 CFU / g; Effective viable count of Metarhizium anisopliae is 10. 10 CFU / g.
[0028] The method for preparing the plant immunomodulator includes the following steps: (1) Take eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass, crush them, add water, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus laterosporus, mix them well and compost to obtain compost material; add water equal to 30% of the weight of eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass. During the composting process, the eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass are piled into a pile with a height of 30-50cm and a width of 50-60cm. During the fermentation process, the temperature is controlled at 25-40℃. Ferment for 15 days. If the temperature of the pile exceeds 45℃, turn the pile to cool it down. (2) After crushing the weevil, add it to the composted material, then add Metarhizium anisopliae, mix well and continue composting and fermenting. Control the temperature at 20-35℃. If the temperature of the material pile exceeds 40℃, turn the pile to cool it down. Ferment for 7 days to obtain material A. Add water equal to the weight of the dragon fruit stem to the crushed and pulped material, then add Trichoderma harzianum and mix well. Control the temperature at 20-35℃. If the temperature exceeds 37℃, stir to cool it down. Ferment for 7 days to obtain material B. (3) Mix material A and material B evenly and continue to compost. Control the temperature at 25-35℃ during composting. Compost for 12 days. If the temperature of the pile exceeds 37℃, turn the pile over to cool it down.
[0029] Example 4 A method for preventing jackfruit from cracking includes the following steps: During the fruit development period of jackfruit (5 days after fruit set), apply the above-mentioned plant immune regulator to the rhizosphere soil of the jackfruit plant. The dosage is 6-8 kg per jackfruit plant. When applying, dig a hole or trench 30-50 cm away from the jackfruit plant, apply the plant immune regulator, and then cover with soil.
[0030] The plant immune regulator described herein is applied once a month; if there is a continuous drought exceeding 15 days, apply once before irrigation, and then apply 1-2 more times after irrigation; if there is continuous rainfall exceeding 3 days, apply once immediately after the rainfall ends, and then apply again 5 days later. On varieties such as Qiongyin No. 1, Qiongyin No. 8, and Thailand No. 12, the application of the plant immune regulator described herein can significantly reduce jackfruit cracking. Figure 1-4 ).
[0031] The effects of the plant immune modulator described in this invention Different plant immunomodulators were prepared according to the methods in Table 1 and kept for later use. Normal-bearing jackfruit plants (Qiongyin No. 1) in their peak production period (7 years old) were randomly selected, with 5 trees per treatment, and all were cultivated and managed uniformly. During the jackfruit fruit development period (5 days after fruit setting), treatments 1-8 were treated according to the application method described in Example 4. A trench was dug 30 cm away from the jackfruit plant, and each plant immunomodulator was buried in the soil, with 8 kg applied per tree each time. During the experiment, if there was a continuous drought exceeding 15 days, an additional application was made before irrigation, followed by two more applications after irrigation, with an interval of 5 days between each application. If there was continuous rainfall exceeding 3 days, an additional application was made after the rainfall ended, followed by another application 5 days later. Treatment 9 was treated according to the same method as in Example 4, except that no additional application was made after continuous rainfall or drought. Application continued until the end of jackfruit harvesting. The yield and number of cracked fruits of each treatment group were counted, and the marketable fruit rate and cracking rate were calculated. Three mature marketable fruits were randomly selected from each tree, and the pulp percentage was calculated. Commercially viable fruit is defined as fruit weighing 8kg or more but less than or equal to 20kg, free from cracking and obvious pests or diseases, and is suitable for sale. Averages of all results are shown in Table 2.
[0032] Fruit cracking rate (%) = (Number of cracked fruits / Total number of fruits) × 100% Fruit pulp percentage (%) = Fruit pulp weight / Total fruit weight × 100% Marketable fruit rate (%) = Number of marketable fruits / Total number of fruits × 100% Table 1. Preparation and application methods of different plant immunomodulators Serial Number Material composition Preparation method 1 Example 1 Example 1 2 Example 2 Example 2 3 Example 3 Example 3 4 10 parts of *Hylocereus undatus*, 1 part of *Wedelia tricuspidata*, 2 parts of dragon fruit stem, 0.5 parts of *Bacillus licheniformis*, 0.1 parts of *Bacillus laterosporus*, 0.1 parts of *Trichoderma harzianum*, and 0.1 parts of *Metarhizium anisopliae*. Example 2 5 Eucalyptus leaves (10 parts), Wedelia candel (1 part), dragon fruit stems (2 parts), Bacillus licheniformis (0.5 parts), Bacillus laterosporus (0.1 parts), Trichoderma harzianum (0.1 parts), Metarhizium anisopliae (0.1 parts). Example 2 6 Eucalyptus leaves 10 parts, *Ipomoea quamoclit* 1 part, *Wedelia tricuspidata* 1 part, dragon fruit stems 2 parts, *Bacillus laterosporus* 0.1 part, *Trichoderma harzianum* 0.1 part, *Metarhizium anisopliae* 0.1 part Example 2 7 Example 2 Water and pulverized cactus were added according to the proportions in Example 2, the difference being that all materials were added simultaneously during fermentation for 31 days. 8 Example 2 The method is the same as in Example 2, except that the stems of Wedelia candel and dragon fruit are added together with Metarhizium anisopliae and Trichoderma harzianum and fermented for 11 days in the compost. 9 Example 2 Example 2 Table 2. Statistical analysis of the effects of different plant immunomodulators Serial Number Fruit cracking rate (%) Fruit pulp percentage (%) Marketable fruit rate (%) Yield (kg / plant) 1 2.5 57.7 94.7 108.3 2 1.3 63.2 96.1 114.5 3 2.1 54.7 95.4 105.8 4 47.8 45.3 46.6 82.7 5 56.8 42.6 35.7 78.9 6 40.5 48.7 49.2 85.2 7 66.7 40.8 17.8 72.6 8 43.5 47.1 35.3 81.5 9 35.9 52.3 60.1 91.8 As shown in Table 2, treatments 1-3, using the plant immunomodulator described in this invention and applied according to the method in Example 4 after continuous drought or rainfall, had a jackfruit cracking rate of only 1.3-2.5%. Treatments 4-6, with altered material composition of the plant immunomodulator, although also using the application method in Example 4, achieved a jackfruit cracking rate of 40.5-56.8%, significantly higher than treatments 1-3. Treatments 7-8, while using the material composition in Example 2, also showed a significantly higher cracking rate compared to treatments 1-3 due to adjustments in the order of material addition during fermentation. Therefore, based on the above experimental results, both changing the material composition and altering the order of material addition during fermentation significantly improved the jackfruit cracking rate. Treatment 9, although using the same material composition and preparation method as Example 2, did not receive supplementary application after continuous drought or rainfall. While the cracking rate decreased to varying degrees compared to treatments 4-8, it was still significantly lower than treatments 1-3. Therefore, applying the plant immune regulator described in this invention after a prolonged drought or continuous rainfall can significantly reduce the cracking rate of jackfruit.
[0033] Except for treatment groups 5 and 7, where the pulp percentage of jackfruit was slightly lower, the pulp percentage of the other treatment groups remained above 45%, with treatment group 2 having the highest pulp percentage. This indicates that the application of the plant growth regulator described in this invention to treatment groups 1-3 reduced the jackfruit cracking rate while maintaining a relatively high pulp percentage, and showed varying degrees of improvement compared to other treatment groups.
[0034] In treatment groups 1-3, the marketable fruit rate and yield of jackfruit were significantly improved, not only significantly higher than those in treatment groups 4-8, but also significantly higher than those in treatment group 9. This indicates that the application of the plant growth regulator described in this invention can not only make the jackfruit fruit more uniform in size and avoid excessive weight of a single fruit, thus greatly improving the marketable fruit rate, but also significantly increase the yield of jackfruit, thereby greatly improving the economic benefits of jackfruit cultivation.
[0035] The above results show that the plant immunomodulators prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention can not only reduce the cracking rate of jackfruit and significantly increase the marketable fruit rate and yield, but also improve the pulp rate of jackfruit to a certain extent, achieving the dual improvement of jackfruit yield and fruit quality, and providing a new way to improve the economic benefits of jackfruit cultivation.
[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A plant immunomodulator to prevent jackfruit cracking, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts eucalyptus leaves, 10-30 parts *Ipomoea quamoclit*, 1-10 parts *Wedelia trichoderma*, 2-6 parts dragon fruit stems, 0.5-1 part *Bacillus licheniformis*, 0.1-0.5 parts *Bacillus laterosporus*, 0.1-0.5 parts *Trichoderma harzianum*, and 0.1-0.3 parts *Metarhizium anisopliae*.
2. The plant immune modulator for preventing jackfruit cracking as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plant immunomodulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts eucalyptus leaves, 20 parts *Ipomoea quamoclit*, 5 parts *Wedelia trichoderma*, 4 parts dragon fruit stems, 0.7 parts *Bacillus licheniformis*, 0.3 parts *Bacillus laterosporus*, 0.3 parts *Trichoderma harzianum*, and 0.2 parts *Metarhizium anisopliae*.
3. The plant immune modulator for preventing jackfruit cracking as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The effective viable count of Bacillus licheniformis is ≥10. 7 CFU / g; the effective viable count of the Bacillus laterosporus is ≥10. 7 CFU / g; The Trichoderma harzianum mentioned is Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22, with an effective viable count ≥10. 9 CFU / g; the effective viable count of Metarhizium anisopliae is ≥10. 9 CFU / g.
4. The method for preparing the plant immunomodulator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass are crushed, then water, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus laterosporus are added, mixed well and then composted to obtain composted material; After crushing the weevil, add it to the composted material, then add Metarhizium anisopliae, mix well, and continue composting to obtain material A; after crushing the dragon fruit stem with water, add Trichoderma harzianum, mix well, and ferment to obtain material B; Mix material A and material B evenly and continue composting to obtain the final product.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (1), add water at 20-30% of the weight of eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass. During the composting process, the eucalyptus leaves and airplane grass are piled into a pile with a height of 30-50cm and a width of 50-60cm. During the fermentation process, the temperature is controlled at 25-40℃. Fermentation takes 5-15 days. If the temperature of the pile exceeds 45℃, turn the pile over to cool it down.
6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), during the fermentation of material A, the temperature is controlled at 20-35℃. If the temperature of the material pile exceeds 40℃, it is turned over to cool down and fermented for 5-7 days. The amount of water added to the dragon fruit stem is the same as the weight of the dragon fruit stem. During the fermentation of material B, the temperature is controlled at 20-35℃. If the temperature exceeds 37℃, it is stirred to cool down and fermented for 3-7 days.
7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (3), the temperature is controlled at 25-35℃ during the composting process, and the composting is carried out for 8-12 days. If the temperature of the material pile exceeds 37℃, it is turned over to cool down.
8. The application of the plant immune modulator as described in any one of claims 1-3 in reducing the rate of jackfruit cracking, increasing the rate of marketable jackfruit, increasing the yield of jackfruit, and / or increasing the pulp content of jackfruit.
9. A method for preventing jackfruit cracking, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: During the fruit development period of jackfruit, apply the aforementioned plant immune regulator to the rhizosphere soil of the jackfruit plant.
10. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The dosage is 5-10 kg per jackfruit plant. When applying, dig a hole or trench 30-50 cm away from the jackfruit plant, put the plant immune regulator in, and then cover it with soil. The plant immune regulator is applied once a month. If there is a continuous drought of more than 15 days, apply it once before irrigation and then apply it 1-2 times after irrigation. If there is continuous rainfall of more than 3 days, apply it 1-2 times immediately after the rainfall ends, with an interval of 5-7 days between each application.