Weaned piglet creep feed capable of enhancing immunity and resisting diarrhea and preparation method of weaned piglet creep feed

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pig feed, and relates to a weaned piglet creep feed capable of enhancing immunity and resisting diarrhea and a preparation method of the weaned piglet creep feed. The weaned piglet creep feed comprises basic raw materials such as puffed corn, broken rice, puffed soybeans, fermented soybean meal, soybean milk powder and fish meal, and a creep core material; the core material contains an egg yolk antibody IgY resisting escherichia coli K88 and plant polysaccharide compounded by sweet wormwood herb polysaccharide, inulin polysaccharide and salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide in proportion. Through the synergistic effect of the specific egg yolk antibody and the immunocompetence polysaccharide, the immunity of piglets is remarkably enhanced, pathogenic bacteria colonization is inhibited, and the diarrhea rate is effectively reduced. The invention also provides a corresponding preparation method. The preparation method comprises the processes of raw material crushing, segmented mixing and granulation. The creep feed is comprehensive in nutrition and good in digestion and absorption, can promote the growth performance of weaned piglets, and meets the requirements of green and healthy breeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pig feed technology, and relates to an immune-enhancing and diarrhea-resistant creep feed for weaned piglets and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In modern large-scale pig farming, the healthy growth of piglets plays a crucial role in overall farming efficiency. Creep feed, as the key diet for piglets transitioning from sow's milk to solid feed, directly affects their growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health. During the weaning stage, piglets' intestines and immune organs are not fully developed, resulting in low immunity and susceptibility to various stressors, leading to disease, increased diarrhea rates, and mortality, causing significant economic losses to the pig farming industry.

[0003] Escherichia coli K88, an important serotype of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), can specifically adhere to the surface of small intestinal epithelial cells, produce enterotoxins, disrupt normal intestinal physiological function, and cause diarrhea in piglets. In actual pig farming environments, piglets are highly susceptible to E. coli K88 infection, resulting in severe diarrhea problems.

[0004] Egg yolk antibodies, as a type of specific immunoglobulin, have received considerable attention in the field of animal disease prevention and control in recent years. Egg yolk antibodies targeting *E. coli* K88 can specifically recognize and bind to antigenic sites on the surface of *E. coli* K88, effectively inhibiting its colonization and reproduction in the intestine and reducing the risk of diarrhea in piglets. Egg yolk antibodies are widely available, relatively easy to prepare, and possess good stability and biosafety, without causing drug resistance or drug residues. Furthermore, in recent years, with the deepening research on natural plant extracts in animal nutrition, polysaccharides have attracted much attention due to their green, safe, and multifunctional characteristics. Artemisia annua polysaccharides have significant immunomodulatory activity, enhancing the body's non-specific immune function, and their antioxidant properties can reduce oxidative damage to the intestines of weaned piglets. Inulin polysaccharides, as a high-quality prebiotic, can stimulate the proliferation of beneficial intestinal bacteria, enhance intestinal barrier function, and reduce pathogen colonization. Tanshinone polysaccharides have anti-inflammatory and tissue-repair-promoting effects, and can alleviate intestinal inflammatory responses.

[0005] Currently, most creep feeds on the market use single ingredients or simple compound additives to address the intestinal health and immunity of weaned piglets, making it difficult to comprehensively solve the complex problems faced by piglets from multiple dimensions. Therefore, applying egg yolk antibodies targeting E. coli K88, artemisinin polysaccharides, inulin polysaccharides, and tanshinone polysaccharides to creep feeds that enhance immunity and combat diarrhea is an urgent problem to be solved in order to improve the quality of creep feeds and ensure the healthy growth of piglets. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an immune-enhancing and anti-diarrheal piglet starter feed formula, comprising, by weight, 18-30 parts extruded corn, 10-20 parts broken rice, 6-10 parts extruded soybean, 5-8 parts wheat flour, 3-5 parts fermented soybean meal, 3-6 parts extruded flaxseed, 8-12 parts soy milk powder, 3-6 parts whole milk powder, 5-8 parts fish meal, 1-3 parts chicken liver powder, 5-8 parts glucose, 0.6-1.0 parts dicalcium phosphate, 0.6-1.0 parts L-lysine hydrochloride (98.5%), 0.1-0.2 parts DL-solid methionine, 0.1-0.3 parts compound vitamins, and 2-5 parts starter feed core ingredients.

[0007] Preferably, the piglet starter feed formula, by weight, comprises 20 parts puffed corn, 18 parts broken rice, 8 parts puffed soybeans, 6 parts wheat flour, 4 parts fermented soybean meal, 4 parts puffed flaxseed, 10 parts soy milk powder, 5 parts whole milk powder, 5 parts fish meal, 2 parts chicken liver powder, 7 parts glucose, 0.7 parts dicalcium phosphate, 0.8 parts L-lysine hydrochloride (98.5%), 0.2 parts DL-solid methionine, 0.1 parts compound vitamins, and 4 parts starter feed core ingredients.

[0008] Preferably, the complex vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B12, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, niacin, D-pantothenic acid, folic acid, and biotin in a ratio of 12000 IU:1200 IU:30 IU:2.5 mg:100 μg:3 mg:10 mg:8 mg:30 mg:60 mg:1.5 mg:0.4 mg.

[0009] Preferably, the core feed for starter cultures comprises, by weight percentage: 10% monosodium glutamate, 5% compound organic trace elements, 10% sodium chloride, 10-25% egg yolk powder, 2% phytase, 10% Clostridium butyricum, 10-15% plant polysaccharides, 3% zeolite powder, 3% compound palatability enhancer, 2% antioxidant, 2% 50% choline chloride, 3% 98% valine, 2% 98.5% L-tryptophan, and 13-23% puffed corn flour.

[0010] Most preferably, the core feed for starter cultures comprises, by weight percentage: 10% monosodium glutamate, 5% compound organic trace elements, 10% sodium chloride, 25% egg yolk antibody, 2% phytase, 10% Clostridium butyricum, 10% plant polysaccharide, 3% zeolite powder, 3% compound palatability enhancer, 2% antioxidant, 2% 50% choline chloride, 3% 98% valine, 2% 98.5% L-tryptophan, and 13% puffed corn flour.

[0011] Preferably, the composite organic trace elements include, by weight percentage, 10% ferrous hydroxymethionine, 15% ferrous glycine, 5% zinc threonine, 5% zinc hydroxymethionine, 10% copper citrate, 10% manganese hydroxymethionine, 3% iodotyrosine, 15% selenium yeast, 18% chromium methionine, and 8% silicon dioxide.

[0012] Preferably, the egg yolk powder contains egg yolk antibody IgY against Escherichia coli K88.

[0013] Preferably, the plant polysaccharides comprise artemisia annua polysaccharide, inulin polysaccharide, and tanshinone polysaccharide in a mass ratio of 4:3:3.

[0014] Preferably, the compound palatability enhancer comprises, by weight percentage, 20% sodium saccharin, 22% glycine, 15% menthol, 20% yeast concentrate extract, and 23% silica, wherein the yeast concentrate extract is purchased from Angel Yeast Co., Ltd.

[0015] The preparation method of the piglet creep feed formula is as follows: puffed corn, broken rice, puffed soybeans, fermented soybean meal and puffed flaxseed are pulverized and passed through a 2mm aperture sieve. The obtained powder is then added to a mixer in descending order of proportion with flour, soy milk powder, whole milk powder, fish meal, chicken liver powder, glucose and dicalcium phosphate. The mixture is mixed at 80-90℃ for 150-180s, with a coefficient of variation (CV) ≤ 5%. The moisture content is then adjusted to 14-18%. Other raw materials are then added in descending order of proportion, and the mixture is mixed at 55-65℃ for 150-180s. The mixture is then granulated to obtain the final product.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) The present invention provides an immune-enhancing and anti-diarrheal piglet starter feed, which, by adding egg yolk antibodies targeting Escherichia coli K88, can specifically exert an immune effect against Escherichia coli K88 and effectively block its infection of the piglet's intestines, thus preventing diarrhea. At the same time, the synergistic effect of multiple components such as artemisia annua polysaccharide, inulin polysaccharide, and tanshinone polysaccharide can enhance the overall immune function of piglets, maintain intestinal barrier function, and reduce the probability of disease occurrence.

[0018] (2) The creep feed formula of this invention is scientifically sound and provides comprehensive and easily digestible nutrients for the basic raw materials, meeting the nutritional needs of piglets during their rapid growth stage. The addition of functional components such as compound vitamins, organic minerals, acidifiers, and enzymes further improves the digestibility and utilization of the feed, promotes the absorption and utilization of nutrients by piglets, thereby improving the growth efficiency of piglets and reducing breeding costs. In addition, the functional components used in this creep feed formula, such as egg yolk antibodies and artemisinin polysaccharides, are all natural, green, and safe substances, reducing drug residues and drug resistance problems, conforming to the development trend of modern green farming, and ensuring the quality and safety of livestock products and human health. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] The formula for the starter feed in this embodiment is as follows:

[0022] 20 parts puffed corn, 18 parts broken rice, 8 parts puffed soybeans, 6 parts flour, 4 parts fermented soybean meal, 4 parts puffed flaxseed, 10 parts soy milk powder, 5 parts whole milk powder, 5 parts fish meal, 2 parts chicken liver powder, 7 parts glucose, 0.7 parts dicalcium phosphate, 0.8 parts L-lysine hydrochloride (98.5%), 0.2 parts DL-solid methionine, 0.1 parts compound vitamins, and 4 parts starter feed.

[0023] Core ingredients for starter cultures: 10% monosodium glutamate, 5% compound organic trace elements, 10% sodium chloride, 20% ordinary egg yolk powder, 2% phytase, 10% Clostridium butyricum, 10% plant polysaccharides, 3% zeolite powder, 3% compound palatability enhancer, 2% antioxidant, 2% 50% choline chloride, 3% 98% valine, 2% 98.5% L-tryptophan, and 18% puffed corn flour.

[0024] Multivitamin: Vitamin A 12000 IU, Vitamin D3 1200 IU, Vitamin E 30 IU, Vitamin K 2.5 mg, Vitamin B12 100 µg, Vitamin B1 3 mg, Vitamin B2 10 mg, Vitamin B6 8 mg, Niacin 30 mg, D-pantothenic acid 60 mg, Folic acid 1.5 mg, Biotin 0.4 mg.

[0025] Complex organic trace elements: 10% ferrous hydroxymethionine, 15% ferrous glycine, 5% zinc threonine, 5% zinc hydroxymethionine, 10% copper citrate, 10% manganese hydroxymethionine, 3% iodotyrosine, 15% selenium from yeast, 18% chromium methionine, and 8% silicon dioxide.

[0026] The mass ratio of plant polysaccharides—Artemisia annua polysaccharide, inulin polysaccharide, and Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide—was 4:3:3.

[0027] Compound palatability enhancer: 20% sodium saccharin, 22% glycine, 15% menthol, 20% yeast concentrate extract (purchased from Angel Yeast Co., Ltd.), and 23% precipitated silica.

[0028] The preparation method is as follows:

[0029] Puffed corn, broken rice, puffed soybeans, fermented soybean meal, and puffed flaxseed are pulverized and passed through a 2mm sieve. The resulting powder is then added to a mixer in descending order of proportion with flour, soy milk powder, whole milk powder, fish meal, chicken liver powder, glucose, and dicalcium phosphate. The mixture is stirred at 85°C for 165 seconds, with a coefficient of variation (CV) ≤ 5%. The moisture content is then adjusted to 16%. Other ingredients are then added in descending order of proportion, and the mixture is stirred at 60°C for 165 seconds. Granulation is then performed to obtain the final product.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] The difference from Example 1 is that the ingredients are 18 parts puffed corn, 10 parts puffed soybean, 10% egg yolk powder containing E. coli K88 chicken egg yolk antibody IgY, 15% plant polysaccharide, and 23% puffed corn flour.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] The difference from Example 1 is that the ingredients are 22 parts puffed corn, 4 parts flour, and 20% egg yolk powder containing E. coli K88 chicken egg yolk antibody IgY.

[0034] Example 4

[0035] The difference from Example 1 is that the egg yolk powder containing E. coli K88 chicken egg yolk antibody IgY is 25% and the puffed corn flour is 13%.

[0036] Experimental Example 1

[0037] Thirty healthy Duroc × Landrace × Large White crossbred piglets, aged 17 days, were selected from the same farrowing house and randomly divided into three groups based on similar weight, with 10 replicates per group and one piglet per replicate. They were fed according to Examples 1-4. Feeding was done in small, frequent amounts, with uneaten feed promptly removed after each feeding. The feeding period lasted 15 days. On the morning of day 12, ETEC K88 challenge treatment was initiated, with each pig orally receiving 10 mL of 10¹⁰ CFU / mL ETEC K88 bacterial solution daily for three consecutive days.

[0038] Feeding and Management: All piglets were evenly distributed in the same pigpen. Before the experiment, the pigpen was thoroughly cleaned and disinfected according to the pigpen management procedures. Piglets had free access to powdered feed and water. During the experiment, the pigpen was kept clean and dry, with good air circulation, and the pens were cleaned daily.

[0039] Effect evaluation and sample testing: (1) Growth performance: Record the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of piglets, and calculate the feed conversion ratio = total feed intake / total weight gain; (2) Diarrhea rate: Record the diarrhea status of pigs every day according to the fecal state, and calculate the diarrhea rate (%) = number of piglets with diarrhea / (number of days of the experiment × total number of piglets); (3) Serum sample collection and immunoglobulin level detection: 1 day before the end of the experiment, piglets were allowed free access to water and fasted for 12 hours. Blood was collected by puncture of the anterior vena cava, and serum samples were separated. The contents of immunoglobulin a (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) in the serum samples of piglets were detected by ELISA kit. The results are shown in Table 1-2.

[0040] Data Analysis: One-way ANOVA was performed using SPSS 22.0 statistical software. Duncan's multiple comparisons were used to analyze differences between groups. Different superscript letters indicate that P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Data are presented as mean ± standard error.

[0041] Table 1 Growth performance and diarrhea rate

[0042]

[0043] Table 2 Serum Immunoglobulin Levels

[0044] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 IgA (g / L) 20.98±0.65 25.88±0.69 28.04±1.32 30.54±0.93 IgG (g / L) 8.08±1.14 9.85±1.40 10.99±0.53 12.77±1.13 IgM (g / L) <![CDATA[57.51±4.02 a ]]> <![CDATA[74.13±15.33 ab ]]> <![CDATA[78.03±4.42 ab ]]> <![CDATA[88.63±6.60 b ]]>

[0045] As shown in Tables 1-2, the immune-enhancing and anti-diarrheal piglet creep feed provided by this invention can significantly increase the serum immunoglobulin IgM level in piglets, enhance the body's immune performance, increase the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of suckling piglets, and reduce the diarrhea rate. Through the addition of targeted E. coli K88 egg yolk antibodies, artemisinin polysaccharides, and other compound additives, it can effectively alleviate intestinal damage caused by E. coli K88, prevent diarrhea and disease, increase breeding efficiency, and has a good demonstration effect for promotion.

[0046] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An immune-enhancing and diarrhea-resistant starter feed for piglets, characterized in that, The ingredients include 18-30 parts puffed corn, 10-20 parts broken rice, 6-10 parts puffed soybeans, 5-8 parts flour, 3-5 parts fermented soybean meal, 3-6 parts puffed flaxseed, 8-12 parts soy milk powder, 3-6 parts whole milk powder, 5-8 parts fish meal, 1-3 parts chicken liver powder, 5-8 parts glucose, 0.6-1.0 parts dicalcium phosphate, 0.6-1.0 parts L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.1-0.2 parts DL-solid methionine, 0.1-0.3 parts compound vitamins, and 2-5 parts starter culture core feed. The core feed for starter cultures comprises, by weight percentage, 10-25% egg yolk powder and 10-15% plant polysaccharides.

2. The immune-enhancing and anti-diarrheal creep feed for piglets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piglet starter feed formula, by weight, includes 20 parts extruded corn, 18 parts broken rice, 8 parts extruded soybeans, 6 parts wheat flour, 4 parts fermented soybean meal, 4 parts extruded flaxseed, 10 parts soy milk powder, 5 parts whole milk powder, 5 parts fish meal, 2 parts chicken liver powder, 7 parts glucose, 0.7 parts dicalcium phosphate, 0.8 parts L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.2 parts DL-solid methionine, 0.1 parts compound vitamins, and 4 parts starter feed core ingredients.

3. The immune-enhancing and anti-diarrheal creep feed for piglets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core feed for starter culture also includes, by weight percentage, 10% monosodium glutamate, 5% compound organic trace elements, 10% sodium chloride, 2% phytase, 10% Clostridium butyricum, 3% zeolite powder, 3% compound palatability enhancer, 2% antioxidant, 2% 50% choline chloride, 3% 98% valine, 2% 98.5% L-tryptophan, and 13-23% puffed corn flour.

4. The immune-enhancing and anti-diarrheal creep feed for piglets according to claim 3, characterized in that, The core feed for starter cultures, by weight percentage, comprises: 10% monosodium glutamate, 5% compound organic trace elements, 10% sodium chloride, 25% egg yolk powder, 2% phytase, 10% Clostridium butyricum, 10% plant polysaccharides, 3% zeolite powder, 3% compound palatability enhancer, 2% antioxidant, 2% 50% choline chloride, 3% 98% valine, 2% 98.5% L-tryptophan, and 13% puffed corn flour.

5. The immune-enhancing and anti-diarrheal creep feed for piglets according to claim 3, characterized in that, The compound palatability enhancer comprises, by weight percentage, 20% sodium saccharin, 22% glycine, 15% menthol, 20% yeast concentrate extract, and 23% silica.

6. The immune-enhancing and anti-diarrheal creep feed for piglets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The egg yolk powder contains egg yolk antibody IgY against Escherichia coli K88.

7. The formula for an immune-enhancing and anti-diarrheal piglet creep feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant polysaccharides include Artemisia annua polysaccharide, inulin polysaccharide and Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide in a mass ratio of 4:3:

3.

8. The immune-enhancing and anti-diarrheal creep feed for piglets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multivitamin includes vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B12, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, niacin, D-pantothenic acid, folic acid, and biotin in a ratio of 12000 IU:1200 IU:30 IU:2.5 mg:100 μg:3 mg:10 mg:8 mg:30 mg:60 mg:1.5 mg:0.4 mg.

9. A method for preparing the starter material according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Add the raw materials to the mixing device in descending order of proportion, mix at 55-90℃ for 300-360 seconds, and then granulate.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Puffed corn, broken rice, puffed soybeans, fermented soybean meal, and puffed flaxseed are pulverized and sieved. The resulting powder is then added to a mixing device in descending order of proportion with flour, soy milk powder, whole milk powder, fish meal, chicken liver powder, glucose, and dicalcium phosphate. The mixture is mixed at 80-90℃ for 150-180 seconds, with a coefficient of variation (CV) ≤ 5%. The moisture content is then adjusted to 14-18%. Other raw materials are then added in descending order of proportion, and the mixture is mixed at 55-65℃ for 150-180 seconds. Granulation is then performed to obtain the final product.

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