Cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology department
By introducing a guiding mechanism and warning components into the cerebrospinal fluid sampling device, and using photoelectric signals to indicate the position of the puncture needle, the problem of misjudgment relying on experience and touch in traditional methods is solved, and a safer cerebrospinal fluid collection process is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- THE FIRST AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF HEBEI NORTH UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Traditional methods of collecting cerebrospinal fluid rely heavily on the doctor's experience and touch, leading to a high risk of misjudgment and a lack of objective indicators, which may cause nerve damage or spinal cord vascular damage.
A cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology was designed, comprising a housing, a puncture needle assembly, a guide mechanism, and an alarm component. It utilizes a microswitch and a light-emitting element to convert the resistance change of the puncture needle into a photoelectric signal, providing an intuitive indication of the puncture needle position. Furthermore, it is adjustable to suit different patients through elastic and hysteresis components.
It improves the accuracy of needle placement, reduces the risk of misjudgment, minimizes the risk of nerve and spinal cord damage, and adapts to individual differences among patients.
Smart Images
Figure CN122004945A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology. Background Technology
[0002] In clinical practice, cerebrospinal fluid collection (lumbar puncture) is a routine procedure in neurology and anesthesiology. During this procedure, the physician needs to precisely insert the puncture needle into the patient's subarachnoid space. The needle passes sequentially through the skin, subcutaneous tissue, supraspinous ligament, interspinous ligament, and finally through the ligamentum flavum into the epidural space. It then passes through the dura mater and arachnoid mater to reach the subarachnoid space for sampling.
[0003] Traditional puncture methods rely primarily on the doctor's tactile sense. When the needle reaches the ligamentum flavum, the doctor will feel significant resistance due to the tissue density; once the needle passes through the ligamentum flavum, this resistance immediately disappears. Doctors mainly rely on this change in resistance to determine whether the needle has passed through the ligamentum flavum.
[0004] However, this traditional method based on experience and touch has the following drawbacks: 1. High dependence on experience: Inexperienced doctors may have difficulty accurately perceiving sudden changes in resistance, which can easily lead to misjudgment. 2. Safety Risks: After passing through the ligamentum flavum, the area behind it is a dangerous region rich in nerves. If the doctor fails to notice the decrease in resistance and stop applying pressure in time, the puncture needle may penetrate too deeply due to inertia, damaging nerve roots or spinal cord blood vessels; 3. Lack of objective indicators: There is a lack of visual objective signals to help doctors determine the position of the needle tip. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.
[0006] This invention provides a cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology, including a housing, a puncture needle assembly, a guide mechanism, and a warning assembly; The puncture needle assembly includes a puncture needle tube and a floating needle seat, with the puncture needle tube detachably mounted on the front end of the floating needle seat; The guiding mechanism includes a limiting guide bracket, a transmission guide rod, a return spring, and a micro switch. The limiting guide bracket is fixedly installed inside the housing. The transmission guide rod is fixedly connected to the rear end of the floating needle seat and passes through the limiting guide bracket, which is slidably connected to it. The return spring is installed on the transmission guide rod. The micro switch is installed on the mounting plate inside the housing and is located on the moving path of the transmission guide rod. The warning component includes a power supply and a light-emitting element mounted on the surface of the housing. The micro switch, the light-emitting element, and the power supply are connected in series to form a circuit.
[0007] Preferably, it also includes an elastic adjustment component that allows adjustment of the preload of the reset spring according to different patients. The elastic adjustment component includes a preload adjustment slider, a nut seat, an adjustment screw, a rear seat, and a rotary knob. The preload adjusting slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing and is located at the end of the return spring away from the needle seat; One end of the return spring abuts against the limiting ring of the transmission guide rod, and the other end abuts against the preload adjusting slider; The nut seat is fixedly connected to the side of the preload adjusting slider away from the return spring; The rear seat is fixedly installed at the rear end of the housing. A rotary knob is rotatably connected to the rear seat. One end of the adjusting screw is fixedly connected to the rotary knob, and the other end of the adjusting screw is screwed into the nut seat and threadedly connected to the nut seat.
[0008] Preferably, it also includes multiple sets of anti-shake hysteresis components, wherein the anti-shake hysteresis components include magnetic conductors and permanent magnets; The magnetic conductor is disposed on the side of the limiting guide bracket facing the floating needle seat, and the permanent magnet is disposed on the side of the floating needle seat facing the limiting guide bracket.
[0009] Preferably, it also includes multiple sets of magnetic force adjustment mechanisms that can be adjusted with the spring force to simultaneously change the magnetic attraction resistance. Each set of magnetic force adjustment mechanisms includes two guide plates fixedly connected to the limiting guide bracket. The guide plates are provided with guide grooves, and non-magnetic sliders are slidably arranged in the guide grooves. The magnetic conductor is specifically installed on the non-magnetic slider and located between the two guide plates. One end of the non-magnetic slider is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing through an elastic reset member, and the other end is fixedly connected to the preload adjustment slider through a non-elastic flexible traction belt.
[0010] Preferably, the nut seat has a through hole at one end near the preload adjusting slider, the mounting plate passes through the through hole, and the micro switch is located inside the through hole of the nut seat, thereby saving axial space.
[0011] Preferably, in the initial state, there is a safe distance between the floating needle seat and the limiting guide bracket, and the safe distance is less than or equal to 1 mm.
[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the rear seat is printed with markings for the target group, such as "adults" and "children", and the rotary knob is provided with corresponding indicator arrows.
[0013] Preferably, the floating needle holder has a positioning groove on the side facing the puncture needle tube, and a second permanent magnet is embedded in the inner wall of the positioning groove. The puncture needle tube is made of magnetically conductive material.
[0014] Preferably, the limiting guide bracket is equipped with a linear bearing that can guide the transmission guide rod.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention transforms the subjective sensation of puncturing the ligamentum flavum into an intuitive photoelectric signal, allowing even inexperienced doctors to notice that the needle has passed through the ligamentum flavum. Doctors should operate slowly and cautiously to avoid puncturing too deeply and damaging nerve roots or spinal blood vessels. This invention also incorporates a hysteresis anti-shake component to reduce the problem of the indicator light flickering due to hand tremors. The device also has adjustable settings to suit both adults and children. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a rendering of the appearance of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing a partial structural disassembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the state of the magnetic conductor adsorption area within the limiting guide bracket when the magnetic conductor adsorption area changes according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic force adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the floating needle holder of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0017] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Rear seat; 3. Floating pin seat; 4. Transmission guide rod; 5. Limiting guide bracket; 6. Return spring; 7. Nut seat; 8. Adjusting screw; 9. Preload adjusting slider; 10. Rotary knob; 11. Permanent magnet; 12. Magnetic conductor; 13. Limiting ring; 14. Mounting plate; 15. Elastic reset component; 16. Guide plate; 17. Non-magnetic slider; 18. Traction belt; 19. Micro switch. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] Reference Figures 1 to 8This embodiment discloses a cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology, including a housing 1, a puncture needle assembly, a guide mechanism, and a warning assembly; The puncture needle assembly includes a puncture needle tube and a floating needle seat 3, with the puncture needle tube detachably mounted on the front end of the floating needle seat 3; The guiding mechanism includes a limiting guide bracket 5, a transmission guide rod 4, a return spring 6, and a micro switch 19. The limiting guide bracket 5 is fixedly installed inside the housing 1. The transmission guide rod 4 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the floating needle seat 3 and passes through the limiting guide bracket 5 and is slidably connected to the limiting guide bracket 5. The return spring 6 is installed on the transmission guide rod 4. The micro switch 19 is installed on the mounting plate 14 inside the housing 1. The micro switch 19 is located on the moving path of the transmission guide rod 4. The warning component includes a power supply and a light-emitting element mounted on the surface of the housing 1. The micro switch 19, the light-emitting element, and the power supply are connected in series to form a circuit.
[0020] In use, the doctor first installs the puncture needle on the floating needle seat 3, then holds the outer shell 1 of the device and guides the puncture needle into the patient's skin. When the puncture needle contacts the ligamentum flavum, the resistance encountered by the puncture needle exceeds the preset threshold of the spring. The needle tip drives the transmission guide rod 4 to slide backward, compressing the reset spring 6. The end of the transmission guide rod 4 contacts and triggers the micro switch, thereby closing the circuit and causing the light-emitting element (LED indicator) to light up, indicating that the puncture needle has reached the ligamentum flavum. Then the doctor continues to insert the needle until the light-emitting element (LED indicator) goes out. At this time, it means that the ligamentum flavum has been broken through. Since the resistance has disappeared, the reset spring 6 drives the transmission guide rod 4 to reset, and the transmission guide rod 4 no longer contacts and triggers the micro switch. Therefore, when the doctor uses this sampling device to pierce the patient's skin, the light of the luminous element will turn on (meaning the puncture needle has reached the ligamentum flavum). After the puncture needle continues to penetrate deeper, the light of the luminous element will turn off (meaning the puncture needle has broken through the ligamentum flavum). At this point, the doctor should realize that the operation should be slower and more careful. First, hold the puncture needle with one hand and remove the floating needle seat 3 from the puncture needle with the other hand. Set the entire handle aside and then slowly continue to insert the puncture needle, piercing the epidural space in sequence, passing through the dura mater and arachnoid mater to reach the subarachnoid space. Then, remove the needle core and wait for the cerebrospinal fluid inside the subarachnoid space to flow out before starting the sampling.
[0021] Preferably, it also includes an elastic adjustment component that can adjust the preload of the reset spring 6 according to different patients. The elastic adjustment component includes a preload adjustment slider 9, a nut seat 7, an adjustment screw 8, a rear seat 2, and a rotary knob 10. The preload adjusting slider 9 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 and is located at the end of the return spring 6 away from the needle seat; One end of the return spring 6 abuts against the limiting ring 13 of the transmission guide rod 4, and the other end abuts against the preload adjusting slider 9; The nut seat 7 is fixedly connected to the side of the preload adjusting slider 9 away from the return spring 6; The rear seat 2 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the housing 1. A rotary knob 10 is rotatably connected to the rear seat 2. One end of the adjusting screw 8 is fixedly connected to the rotary knob 10, and the other end of the adjusting screw 8 is screwed into the nut seat 7 and threadedly connected to the nut seat 7. The ligamentum flavum of adults and the elderly is thicker and tougher, resulting in greater resistance during puncture; while the ligamentum flavum of children is thinner and softer, resulting in less resistance. If the return spring 6 has a constant elastic force, in adults, the return spring 6 may be compressed prematurely before contacting the ligamentum flavum, while in children, the return spring 6 may be too stiff, and the resistance caused by the ligamentum flavum may be too small to compress the return spring 6, causing the device's warning function to fail. Therefore, this device is equipped with an elastic force adjustment component. For adults and the elderly, the knob 10 needs to be rotated forward to push the preload adjustment slider 9 to compress the return spring 6 and increase the preload force; for children, rotating the knob 10 in the opposite direction will cause the preload adjustment slider 9 to move backward, releasing the return spring 6 and thus reducing the preload force.
[0022] Preferably, it also includes multiple sets of anti-shake hysteresis components, wherein the anti-shake hysteresis components include magnetic conductors 12 and permanent magnets 11; The magnetic conductor 12 is positioned on the side of the limiting guide bracket 5 facing the floating needle seat 3, and the permanent magnet 11 is positioned on the side of the floating needle seat 3 facing the limiting guide bracket 5. Shaking of the doctor's hand can cause the LED light to flicker, affecting the doctor's judgment. Before the permanent magnet 11 and magnetic conductor 12 come into contact, the magnetic force between them is very small and negligible. After the puncture needle reaches the ligamentum flavum, the resistance of the ligamentum flavum is greater than the elastic force of the return spring 6, causing the return spring 6 to be compressed. The floating needle seat 3 moves backward, and then the permanent magnet 11 and magnetic conductor 12 come into contact and attract each other. At this point, a magnetic attraction force is generated between the permanent magnet 11 and magnetic conductor 12. Even if the doctor's hand shakes and the resistance provided by the ligamentum flavum is less than the elastic force of the return spring 6, the magnetic attraction force plus the weakened resistance of the ligamentum flavum can still hold the floating needle seat 3 and the transmission guide rod 4, thereby reducing the interference caused by the doctor's hand shaking and preventing the indicator light from flickering.
[0023] Preferably, it also includes multiple sets of magnetic force adjustment mechanisms that can change the magnetic attraction resistance while adjusting with the spring force. Each set of magnetic force adjustment mechanisms includes two guide plates 16 fixedly connected to the limiting guide bracket 5. The guide plates 16 are provided with guide grooves. A non-magnetic slider 17 is slidably arranged in the guide grooves. The magnetic conductor 12 is specifically installed on the non-magnetic slider 17 and located between the two guide plates 16. One end of the non-magnetic slider 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing through an elastic reset member 15, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pre-tension adjustment slider 9 through a non-elastic flexible traction belt 18. When dealing with adults, the return spring 6 has a larger elastic force, and the magnetic force of the anti-shake hysteresis component also needs to be increased accordingly. However, when dealing with children, the return spring 6 has a smaller elastic force. If the magnetic force of the anti-shake hysteresis component is too large, the return spring 6 will not be able to push the permanent magnet 11 and the magnetic conductor 12 away. Therefore, this invention is designed to adjust the magnetic force of the anti-shake hysteresis component while adjusting the elastic force of the return spring 6. Specifically, when the doctor rotates the rotary knob 10 to move the preload adjustment slider 9 back and forth to loosen or squeeze the return spring 6, the preload adjustment slider 9 will also drive the traction belt 18 when it moves backward or forward. The traction belt 18 will drive the magnetic conductor 12 in front of it to slide in the guide groove. After the magnetic conductor 12 moves, it can change the magnetic attraction area after the permanent magnet 11 and the magnetic conductor 12 are attracted, thereby changing the magnitude of the magnetic attraction force after attraction.
[0024] Preferably, the nut seat 7 has a through hole at one end near the preload adjusting slider 9, the mounting plate 14 passes through the through hole, and the micro switch 19 is located inside the through hole of the nut seat 7, which can save axial space.
[0025] Preferably, in the initial state, the floating needle holder 3 and the limiting guide bracket 5 maintain a safe distance of less than or equal to 1 mm. This safe distance of less than or equal to 1 mm ensures that after the needle tip penetrates the ligamentum flavum, the return spring 6 will only move the needle tip forward by 1 mm. Due to the small movement distance, it will not cause excessively deep puncture, thus preventing damage to nerve roots or spinal cord blood vessels.
[0026] Preferably, the outer surface of the rear seat 2 is printed with markings for the target group, such as "adults" and "children", and the rotary knob 10 is provided with corresponding indicator arrows.
[0027] Preferably, the floating needle holder 3 has a positioning groove on the side facing the puncture needle tube, and a second permanent magnet is embedded in the inner wall of the positioning groove. The puncture needle tube is made of magnetically conductive material.
[0028] Preferably, the limiting guide bracket 5 is equipped with a linear bearing that can guide the transmission guide rod 4.
[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology, characterized in that, include: Housing, puncture needle assembly, guide mechanism, and warning assembly; The puncture needle assembly includes a puncture needle tube and a floating needle seat, with the puncture needle tube detachably mounted on the front end of the floating needle seat; The guiding mechanism includes a limiting guide bracket, a transmission guide rod, a return spring, and a micro switch. The limiting guide bracket is fixedly installed inside the housing. The transmission guide rod is fixedly connected to the rear end of the floating needle seat and passes through the limiting guide bracket, which is slidably connected to it. The return spring is installed on the transmission guide rod. The micro switch is installed on the mounting plate inside the housing and is located on the moving path of the transmission guide rod. The warning component includes a power supply and a light-emitting element mounted on the surface of the housing. The micro switch, the light-emitting element, and the power supply are connected in series to form a circuit.
2. The cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an elastic adjustment assembly, which includes a preload adjustment slider, a nut seat, an adjustment screw, a rear seat, and a rotary knob; The preload adjusting slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing and is located at the end of the return spring away from the needle seat; One end of the return spring abuts against the limiting ring of the transmission guide rod, and the other end abuts against the preload adjusting slider; The nut seat is fixedly connected to the side of the preload adjusting slider away from the return spring; The rear seat is fixedly installed at the rear end of the housing. A rotary knob is rotatably connected to the rear seat. One end of the adjusting screw is fixedly connected to the rotary knob, and the other end of the adjusting screw is screwed into the nut seat and threadedly connected to the nut seat.
3. The cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple sets of anti-shake hysteresis components, wherein the anti-shake hysteresis components include magnetic conductors and permanent magnets; The magnetic conductor is disposed on the side of the limiting guide bracket facing the floating needle seat, and the permanent magnet is disposed on the side of the floating needle seat facing the limiting guide bracket.
4. A cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that, It also includes multiple sets of magnetic force adjustment mechanisms. Each set of magnetic force adjustment mechanisms includes two guide plates that are fixedly connected to the limiting guide bracket. The guide plates are provided with guide grooves. A non-magnetic slider is slidably arranged in the guide grooves. The magnetic conductor is specifically installed on the non-magnetic slider and located between the two guide plates. One end of the non-magnetic slider is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing through an elastic reset member, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pre-tension adjustment slider through a non-elastic flexible traction belt.
5. A cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nut seat has a through hole at one end near the preload adjustment slider. The mounting plate passes through the through hole, and the micro switch is located inside the through hole of the nut seat.
6. A cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the initial state, the floating needle seat and the limiting guide bracket have a safe distance between them, which is less than or equal to 1 mm.
7. A cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer surface of the rear seat is marked with the target group, and the rotary knob is equipped with a corresponding indicator arrow.
8. A cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating needle holder has a positioning groove on the side facing the puncture needle tube, and a second permanent magnet is embedded in the inner wall of the positioning groove. The puncture needle tube is made of magnetically conductive material.
9. A cerebrospinal fluid sampling device for neurology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting guide bracket is equipped with a linear bearing that can guide the transmission guide rod.