A method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise.

Abstract

This invention provides a method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation (TCD) and white noise. The method includes: acquiring clinical and functional phenotypic vectors, behavioral vectors of attention and executive function, and neural oscillation and brain network vectors to obtain a comprehensive representation; defining target cognitive function, target brain region, target stimulation frequency, and stimulation parameters to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme; designing a TCD stimulation scheme, a cognitive task training scheme, a white noise scheme, and an overall timetable to obtain a synergistic intervention scheme; recording behavioral process data, neural process data, and subjective experience data of the research subjects to obtain multimodal feedback data; and analyzing the multimodal feedback data to obtain an evaluation result of the intervention effect. This invention achieves synergistic intervention of individualized brain networks, frequency bands, tasks, noise, and time, which can not only address the symptoms and self-care abilities of individual patients but also promote the development of medicine and neuroscience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of brain neuroscience exploration technology, and in particular to a method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise. Background Technology

[0002] Attention and executive function are core impairments in many mental and neurological disorders. Psychiatric disorders such as ADHD, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia spectrum disorder, and addiction are almost always accompanied by executive function problems such as difficulty allocating attention, poor impulse control, and decreased planning ability. Current clinical interventions include, but are not limited to, medication-related methods, rehabilitation training, psychotherapy, and neuromodulation techniques. However, existing methods for enhancing attention and executive function have the following limitations: 1) Interventions are mostly monomodal, involving only electrical stimulation or cognitive training, lacking synergy and failing to alter underlying neural oscillation patterns. 2) There is a lack of individualized network and frequency band selection; existing methods often select fixed brain regions such as the DLPFC, fixed frequency bands such as 10 Hz or 6 Hz, and fixed intensity and duration, without distinguishing between individual differences in the dominant functional deficit type and dominant frequency band. 3) Parameter design lacks quantitative correlation with phenotype, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for enhancing attention and executive functions based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise. This method achieves synergistic intervention of individualized brain networks, frequency bands, tasks, noise, and time periods. It can not only solve the symptoms and self-care abilities of individual patients, but also promote the development of medicine and neuroscience, and provide a more refined understanding of attention and executive functions and their brain network mechanisms.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise, comprising: The study subjects' clinical and functional phenotype vectors, attention and executive function behavioral vectors, and neural oscillation and brain network vectors were obtained to achieve a comprehensive characterization. Based on the comprehensive characterization, target cognitive function, target brain region, target stimulation frequency and stimulation parameters are defined to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme. Based on the individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, a transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme, a cognitive task training scheme, a white noise scheme, and an overall timetable were designed to obtain a synergistic intervention scheme. The aforementioned collaborative intervention program was implemented, and behavioral process data, neural process data, and subjective experience data of the research subjects were recorded to obtain multimodal feedback data. By comparing and analyzing the comprehensive characterization with the multimodal feedback data, the intervention effect evaluation results of the research subjects are obtained.

[0005] Optionally, clinical and functional phenotype vectors, attentional and executive function behavioral vectors, and neural oscillation and brain network vectors of the research subjects are obtained to obtain a comprehensive characterization, including: Select a specific clinical population as the research subjects, and obtain the subjects' personal information, medical history information, severity of depressive symptoms, severity of anxiety symptoms, degree of attention deficit and hyperactivity, degree of disability, social and occupational function level scores, self-care ability scores, and executive function scores to obtain clinical and functional phenotypic vectors. The study subjects underwent attentional function and executive function behavioral tests to obtain comprehensive attention performance index, interference resistance index, impulse inhibition score, working memory performance index, working memory capacity, cognitive flexibility index, and planning and problem-solving ability indicators, thus obtaining attention and executive function behavioral vectors. The study subjects obtained their electroencephalograms (EEGs), EEG band power and coherence indices, and brain imaging indices to obtain neural oscillations and brain network vectors. By combining the clinical and functional phenotype vectors, the attention and executive function behavioral vectors, and the neural oscillation and brain network vectors, a comprehensive representation is obtained.

[0006] Optionally, based on the comprehensive representation, target cognitive function, target brain region, target stimulus frequency, and stimulus parameters are defined to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, including: Based on the clinical and functional phenotypic vectors and the attention and executive function behavioral vectors, the weights of inhibitory control deficit, working memory deficit, attention deficit, and cognitive flexibility deficit are calculated to obtain four deficit weights. The maximum value among the four deficit weights is selected as the target function for priority intervention to obtain the target cognitive function. According to a predefined function and brain network mapping table, the target cognitive function is mapped to a candidate brain network, and combined with the neural oscillations and brain network vectors, abnormal key nodes are screened in the candidate brain network to obtain the target brain region. Based on the neural oscillations and brain network vectors, the target stimulus frequency most relevant to the attention and executive functions of the research subjects is matched, and then the stimulus parameters are defined according to the target stimulus frequency to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme.

[0007] Optionally, based on the neural oscillations and brain network vectors, the target stimulus frequency most relevant to the attention and executive functions of the research subjects is matched, and stimulation parameters are defined according to the target stimulus frequency to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, including: Based on the neural oscillations and brain network vectors, frequency band and behavior correlation indicators are extracted by measuring the correlation between brain activity and behavioral performance in different frequency bands. Among the frequency band and behavior correlation indicators, the target regulation frequency band that is most closely related to the target cognitive function is selected. Then, based on the target regulation frequency band, the center frequency is selected to obtain the target stimulation frequency. Based on the target stimulation frequency, the stimulation current intensity, stimulation duration, weekly stimulation frequency, and total number of weeks of treatment are set to obtain the stimulation parameters. By combining the target cognitive function, the target brain region, the target stimulation frequency, and the stimulation parameters, an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme is obtained.

[0008] Optionally, based on the individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, a transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme, a cognitive task training scheme, a white noise scheme, and an overall timetable are designed to obtain a synergistic intervention scheme, including: Based on the individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, a transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme and a cognitive task training scheme were designed. The white noise scheme is obtained by defining the noise intensity, noise spectrum shape, and noise presentation time structure of white noise. The duration of the stimulation is divided into a stimulation intensification phase, a core stimulation and training phase, and a stimulation de-intensification phase to obtain a single training time structure. Based on the single training time structure, the transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme, the cognitive task training scheme, and the white noise scheme are coordinated in time to obtain a single training time schedule. By combining the single training schedule, the weekly stimulation frequency, and the total number of weeks of treatment, an overall schedule for multiple training sessions is obtained. Then, by combining the transcranial alternating current stimulation program, the cognitive task training program, the white noise program, and the overall schedule, a synergistic intervention program is obtained.

[0009] Optionally, during the core stimulation and training phase, the transcranial alternating current stimulation protocol, the cognitive task training protocol, and the white noise protocol are performed simultaneously.

[0010] Optionally, based on the individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, a transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme and a cognitive task training scheme are designed, including: Based on the target stimulation frequency, the waveform and frequency of transcranial alternating current stimulation are configured, the electrode placement scheme is designed according to the target brain region, and the stimulation course parameters are designed according to the stimulation parameters to obtain the transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme. Based on the target cognitive function, a task selection mapping function from cognitive function to task type is defined. The task selection mapping function is used to obtain the task type set of the target cognitive function. Then, a different task difficulty is designed for each type of task through a difficulty adaptive adjustment function to obtain a cognitive task training scheme.

[0011] Optionally, the collaborative intervention program is implemented, and behavioral process data, neural process data, and subjective experience data of the research subjects are recorded to obtain multimodal feedback data, including: Based on the overall timeline, multiple key assessment points are set to obtain a time point index; According to the cognitive task training scheme, the task accuracy, average reaction time of correct task response, and number of task errors of the research subjects in a single training session are recorded to obtain a behavioral performance vector. The behavioral performance vectors of all tasks in a single training session are integrated into a comprehensive behavioral performance index. Then, all the comprehensive behavioral performance indices are integrated into a behavioral time series according to the training progress to obtain behavioral process data. Based on the transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme, neural data are collected at each of the key assessment time points, and neural oscillation and functional connectivity state vectors are collected at each of the key assessment time points according to the function and brain network mapping table to obtain neural indices. Then, the neural indices at all the key assessment time points are concatenated to obtain neural process data. After the completion of the collaborative intervention program, subjective discomfort scores, fatigue scores, and subjective attention levels of the research subjects were collected to obtain subjective experience data. These data were then combined with the behavioral process data, the neural process data, and the subjective experience data to obtain multimodal feedback data. The comprehensive representation was compared and analyzed with the multimodal feedback data to obtain the intervention effect evaluation results of the research subjects.

[0012] This invention discloses the following technical effects by providing a method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise: 1. By employing individualized target brain networks and oscillation frequency band schemes, energy is allocated to the highest priority functions (those with the most impairments), improving the efficiency of intervention resource utilization. Different individuals can have different dominant frequency bands, which can be selected based on the correlation between behavior and EEG. In the scheme development process, clinical and behavioral deficits are translated into clear functional targets, and then into specific network nodes, frequency bands, and stimulation parameters, improving the accuracy of brain region localization for stimulation targets.

[0013] 2. Through a synergistic intervention program, tACS is used to regulate intrinsic neural oscillations, cognitive tasks drive the functional activity of the target network, and white noise is used through random resonance and sensory gating to improve attentional arousal and anti-interference capabilities under task conditions. The three elements are synchronized in the core stage and highly integrated at the temporal, spatial, and functional levels, allowing for frequency-band-specific modulation on activated networks to enhance shaping efficiency. Furthermore, the task automatically adjusts its difficulty based on performance, ensuring training remains within the proximal development zone, improving training efficiency and avoiding frustration or boredom. 3. Multimodal feedback data can be used to explore the relationship between process neural changes and outcome behavioral improvement, providing a reliable basis for individualized adjustments.

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the collaborative intervention process provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feedback process provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise, comprising: Step 1: Obtain the clinical and functional phenotype vectors, attention and executive function behavioral vectors, and neural oscillation and brain network vectors of the research subjects to obtain a comprehensive characterization.

[0020] Step 1 includes: 1.1 Select a specific clinical population as the research subjects and obtain their personal information, medical history, severity of depressive symptoms, severity of anxiety symptoms, degree of attention deficit and hyperactivity, degree of disability, social and occupational function level scores, self-care ability scores, and executive function scores to obtain clinical and functional phenotypic vectors.

[0021] For example: HAMD (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale): Assess the severity of depressive symptoms.

[0022] HAMA (Hamilton Anxiety Scale): Assess anxiety symptoms.

[0023] ADHD-RS (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale): Assess symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity / impulsivity.

[0024] WHODAS (World Health Organization Disability Rating Scale) reflects the degree of impairment in an individual's cognitive, self-care, interpersonal, daily living, and social functions.

[0025] SOFAS (Social and Occupational Functioning Scale): Assess an individual's overall functioning in social and occupational roles.

[0026] The Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) assesses basic living skills such as dressing, eating, toileting, bathing, and mobility.

[0027] BRIEF-A (Adult Version of the Executive Function Behavior Rating Scale): Assessed by the individual or caregiver, it reflects the performance of executive functions such as attention, inhibition, self-monitoring, and planning and organization in daily life.

[0028] SF-36 (Short Form Health Survey): Assessing quality of life across multiple dimensions, including physical, social, and emotional functions.

[0029] 1.2 The study subjects underwent attentional function and executive function behavioral tests to obtain comprehensive attention performance index, anti-interference ability index, impulse inhibition score, working memory performance index, working memory capacity, cognitive flexibility index, and planning and problem-solving ability indicators, thus obtaining attention and executive function behavioral vectors.

[0030] For example: CPT (Continuous Operation Test), examples of indicators: hit rate, reaction time (reaction speed), false alarm rate (percentage of incorrect key presses).

[0031] Stroop Test (Color-Word Distraction Task) metrics: reaction time extension under conflict conditions (e.g., RT under interference conditions, RT under neutral conditions); error rate under conflict conditions.

[0032] 1.3 Obtain the electroencephalogram (EEG), EEG frequency band power and coherence index, and brain imaging index of the research subjects to obtain neural oscillations and brain network vectors.

[0033] 1.4 The clinical and functional phenotype vectors, the attention and executive function behavioral vectors, and the neural oscillation and brain network vectors are combined to obtain a comprehensive representation.

[0034] Step 2, as follows Figure 2 As shown, based on the comprehensive characterization, the target cognitive function, target brain region, target stimulation frequency, and stimulation parameters are defined to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme. Step 2 includes: 2.1 Based on the clinical and functional phenotypic vectors and the attention and executive function behavioral vectors, calculate the weights of inhibitory control deficit, working memory deficit, attention deficit, and cognitive flexibility deficit to obtain four deficit weights. Select the maximum value among the four deficit weights as the target function for priority intervention to obtain the target cognitive function.

[0035] Suppression control defect weight: The larger the value, the more severe the suppression control defect. For example, in the Go / No-Go task, the false alarm rate (proportion of incorrect key presses) of the No-Go condition is higher, indicating that it is more difficult to suppress impulsive key presses. Estimated in the Stop Signal Task (SST), the longer the value, the more difficult it is to suppress the already initiated response.

[0036] Working memory deficit weight: The higher the value, the worse the working memory.

[0037] Note the functional defect weight: the larger the weight, the worse the attention ability.

[0038] The Stroop Interference Index is the difference between the reaction time or error rate under interfering conditions and under neutral conditions. The larger the index, the more susceptible the system is to interference.

[0039] Cognitive flexibility deficit weight: The larger the weight, the worse the task switching ability.

[0040] 2.2 Based on a predefined function-brain network mapping table, the target cognitive function is mapped to a candidate brain network. Combining the neural oscillations with brain network vectors, abnormal key nodes are screened within the candidate brain networks to obtain the target brain region. Abnormal key nodes: Which nodes (brain regions) deviate most from normal values ​​in terms of power or connectivity in the corresponding frequency band; which connections are the weakest or most related to behavior, such as the frontal lobe and parietal lobe.

[0041] 2.3 Based on the aforementioned neural oscillations and brain network vectors, the target stimulus frequency most relevant to the attention and executive functions of the research subjects is matched. Then, stimulus parameters are defined according to the target stimulus frequency to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme. This includes: 2.3.1 Based on the neural oscillations and brain network vectors, frequency band and behavior correlation indicators are extracted by measuring the correlation between brain activity and behavioral performance in different frequency bands. Among the frequency band and behavior correlation indicators, the target regulation frequency band that is most closely related to the target cognitive function is selected. Then, based on the target regulation frequency band, the center frequency is selected to obtain the target stimulation frequency.

[0042] 2.3.2 Based on the target stimulation frequency, set the stimulation current intensity, stimulation duration, weekly stimulation frequency, and total number of weeks of treatment to obtain stimulation parameters.

[0043] 2.3.3 The target cognitive function, the target brain region, the target stimulation frequency, and the stimulation parameters are combined to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme.

[0044] Step 3, as follows Figure 2 As shown, based on the individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, a transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme, a cognitive task training scheme, a white noise scheme, and an overall timetable were designed to obtain a synergistic intervention scheme. Step 3 includes: 3.1 Based on the aforementioned individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, design a transcranial alternating current stimulation (TCD) program and a cognitive task training program; including: 3.1.1 Based on the target stimulation frequency, configure the waveform and frequency of transcranial alternating current stimulation, design the electrode placement scheme according to the target brain region, and design the stimulation course parameters according to the stimulation parameters to obtain the transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme.

[0045] 3.1.2 Based on the target cognitive function, a task selection mapping function from cognitive function to task type is defined. The task selection mapping function is used to obtain the task type set of the target cognitive function. Different task difficulty is designed for each type of task through a difficulty adaptive adjustment function to obtain a cognitive task training scheme.

[0046] 3.2 Define the noise intensity, noise spectrum shape, and noise presentation time structure of white noise to obtain the white noise scheme.

[0047] 3.3 The duration of the stimulation is divided into a gradation phase, a core stimulation and training phase, and a gradation phase to obtain a single training time structure. Based on the single training time structure, the transcranial alternating current stimulation program, the cognitive task training program, and the white noise program are coordinated in time to obtain a single training schedule. In the core stimulation and training phase, the transcranial alternating current stimulation program, the cognitive task training program, and the white noise program are performed synchronously.

[0048] 3.4 By combining the single training schedule, the weekly stimulation frequency, and the total number of weeks of treatment, an overall schedule for multiple training sessions is obtained. Then, by combining the transcranial alternating current stimulation program, the cognitive task training program, the white noise program, and the overall schedule, a synergistic intervention program is obtained.

[0049] Step 4, as follows Figure 3 As shown, the collaborative intervention program was implemented, and behavioral process data, neural process data, and subjective experience data of the research subjects were recorded to obtain multimodal feedback data.

[0050] Step 4 includes: 4.1 Based on the overall timeline, set multiple key evaluation points to obtain a time point index.

[0051] 4.2 According to the cognitive task training scheme, the task accuracy, average reaction time of correct task response, and number of task errors of the research subjects in a single training session are recorded to obtain a behavioral performance vector. The behavioral performance vectors of all tasks in a single training session are integrated into a comprehensive behavioral performance index. Then, all the comprehensive behavioral performance indices are integrated into a behavioral time series according to the training progress to obtain behavioral process data.

[0052] 4.3 Based on the transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme, neural data are collected at each of the key assessment time points, and neural oscillation and functional connectivity state vectors are collected at each of the key assessment time points according to the function and brain network mapping table to obtain neural indices. Then, the neural indices at all the key assessment time points are concatenated to obtain neural process data.

[0053] 4.4 After the completion of the collaborative intervention program, subjective discomfort scores, fatigue scores, and subjective attention levels of the research subjects were collected to obtain subjective experience data. This data was then combined with the behavioral process data, the neural process data, and the subjective experience data to obtain multimodal feedback data. The comprehensive representation was then compared and analyzed with the multimodal feedback data to obtain the intervention effect evaluation results for the research subjects. Subjective experience data: For example, after each training session, the research subjects can fill out a short subjective experience questionnaire, which can form a rating vector. For example, the degree of discomfort such as scalp tingling, itching, and visual flashes can be represented by a 0-10 scale. For subjective ratings of white noise, such as whether the sound is harsh or irritating, it can also be represented by a 0-10 scale.

[0054] Therefore, this invention provides a method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise, achieving individualized synergistic intervention of brain networks, frequency bands, tasks, noise, and time. This not only addresses the symptoms and self-care abilities of individual patients but also promotes the development of medicine and neuroscience, leading to a more refined understanding of attention and executive function and their brain network mechanisms.

[0055] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0056] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise, characterized in that, include: The study subjects' clinical and functional phenotype vectors, attention and executive function behavioral vectors, and neural oscillation and brain network vectors were obtained to achieve a comprehensive characterization. Based on the comprehensive characterization, target cognitive function, target brain region, target stimulation frequency and stimulation parameters are defined to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme. Based on the individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, a transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme, a cognitive task training scheme, a white noise scheme, and an overall timetable were designed to obtain a synergistic intervention scheme. The collaborative intervention program was implemented, and behavioral process data, neural process data, and subjective experience data of the research subjects were recorded to obtain multimodal feedback data. The comprehensive representation was then compared and analyzed with the multimodal feedback data to obtain the intervention effect evaluation results of the research subjects.

2. The method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise according to claim 1, characterized in that, The study subjects' clinical and functional phenotype vectors, attentional and executive function behavioral vectors, and neural oscillation and brain network vectors were obtained to obtain a comprehensive characterization, including: Select a specific clinical population as the research subjects, and obtain the subjects' personal information, medical history information, severity of depressive symptoms, severity of anxiety symptoms, degree of attention deficit and hyperactivity, degree of disability, social and occupational function level scores, self-care ability scores, and executive function scores to obtain clinical and functional phenotypic vectors. The study subjects underwent attentional function and executive function behavioral tests to obtain comprehensive attention performance index, interference resistance index, impulse inhibition score, working memory performance index, working memory capacity, cognitive flexibility index, and planning and problem-solving ability indicators, thus obtaining attention and executive function behavioral vectors. The study subjects obtained their electroencephalograms (EEGs), EEG band power and coherence indices, and brain imaging indices to obtain neural oscillations and brain network vectors. By combining the clinical and functional phenotype vectors, the attention and executive function behavioral vectors, and the neural oscillation and brain network vectors, a comprehensive representation is obtained.

3. The method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the comprehensive characterization, target cognitive function, target brain region, target stimulus frequency, and stimulus parameters are defined to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, including: Based on the clinical and functional phenotypic vectors and the attention and executive function behavioral vectors, the weights of inhibitory control deficit, working memory deficit, attention deficit, and cognitive flexibility deficit are calculated to obtain four deficit weights. The maximum value among the four deficit weights is selected as the target function for priority intervention to obtain the target cognitive function. According to a predefined function and brain network mapping table, the target cognitive function is mapped to a candidate brain network, and combined with the neural oscillations and brain network vectors, abnormal key nodes are screened in the candidate brain network to obtain the target brain region. Based on the neural oscillations and brain network vectors, the target stimulus frequency most relevant to the attention and executive functions of the research subjects is matched, and then the stimulus parameters are defined according to the target stimulus frequency to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme.

4. The method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the neural oscillations and brain network vectors, target stimulus frequencies most relevant to the attention and executive functions of the research subjects are matched. Stimulation parameters are then defined according to these target stimulus frequencies to obtain an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, including: Based on the neural oscillations and brain network vectors, frequency band and behavior correlation indicators are extracted by measuring the correlation between brain activity and behavioral performance in different frequency bands. Among the frequency band and behavior correlation indicators, the target regulation frequency band that is most closely related to the target cognitive function is selected. Then, based on the target regulation frequency band, the center frequency is selected to obtain the target stimulation frequency. Based on the target stimulation frequency, the stimulation current intensity, stimulation duration, weekly stimulation frequency, and total number of weeks of treatment are set to obtain the stimulation parameters. By combining the target cognitive function, the target brain region, the target stimulation frequency, and the stimulation parameters, an individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme is obtained.

5. The method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, a transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme, a cognitive task training scheme, a white noise scheme, and an overall timetable were designed to obtain a synergistic intervention scheme, including: Based on the individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, a transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme and a cognitive task training scheme were designed. The white noise scheme is obtained by defining the noise intensity, noise spectrum shape, and noise presentation time structure of white noise. The duration of the stimulation is divided into a stimulation intensification phase, a core stimulation and training phase, and a stimulation de-intensification phase to obtain a single training time structure. Based on the single training time structure, the transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme, the cognitive task training scheme, and the white noise scheme are coordinated in time to obtain a single training time schedule. By combining the single training schedule, the weekly stimulation frequency, and the total number of weeks of treatment, an overall schedule for multiple training sessions is obtained. Then, by combining the transcranial alternating current stimulation program, the cognitive task training program, the white noise program, and the overall schedule, a synergistic intervention program is obtained.

6. The method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise according to claim 5, characterized in that, During the core stimulation and training phase, the transcranial alternating current stimulation protocol, the cognitive task training protocol, and the white noise protocol are performed simultaneously.

7. The method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the individualized target brain network and oscillation frequency band scheme, a transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme and a cognitive task training scheme were designed, including: Based on the target stimulation frequency, the waveform and frequency of transcranial alternating current stimulation are configured, the electrode placement scheme is designed according to the target brain region, and the stimulation course parameters are designed according to the stimulation parameters to obtain the transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme. Based on the target cognitive function, a task selection mapping function from cognitive function to task type is defined. The task selection mapping function is used to obtain the task type set of the target cognitive function. Then, a different task difficulty is designed for each type of task through a difficulty adaptive adjustment function to obtain a cognitive task training scheme.

8. The method for enhancing attention and executive function based on the synergy of transcranial alternating current stimulation and white noise according to claim 7, characterized in that, The aforementioned collaborative intervention program was implemented, recording behavioral process data, neural process data, and subjective experience data of the research subjects to obtain multimodal feedback data, including: Based on the overall timeline, multiple key assessment points are set to obtain a time point index; According to the cognitive task training scheme, the task accuracy, average reaction time of correct task response, and number of task errors of the research subjects in a single training session are recorded to obtain a behavioral performance vector. The behavioral performance vectors of all tasks in a single training session are integrated into a comprehensive behavioral performance index. Then, all the comprehensive behavioral performance indices are integrated into a behavioral time series according to the training progress to obtain behavioral process data. Based on the transcranial alternating current stimulation scheme, neural data are collected at each of the key assessment time points, and neural oscillation and functional connectivity state vectors are collected at each of the key assessment time points according to the function and brain network mapping table to obtain neural indices. Then, the neural indices at all the key assessment time points are concatenated to obtain neural process data. After the collaborative intervention program is completed, the subjective discomfort score, fatigue score and subjective attention level of the research subjects are collected to obtain subjective experience data. Then, combined with the behavioral process data, the neural process data and the subjective experience data, multimodal feedback data is obtained. By comparing and analyzing the comprehensive characterization with the multimodal feedback data, the intervention effect evaluation results of the research subjects are obtained.

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