Separating device for water or organic liquid in solid waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for separating water or organic liquid in solid waste, which relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment and comprises a solid-liquid separation system, a solid collection system, a flash evaporation heating system, a gas organic solvent storage system, a condensation pressurization system and a liquid organic solvent storage system. Firstly, water or organic liquid in solid waste is extracted into a liquid organic solvent through the solid-liquid separation system, solid-liquid separation is carried out, a solid material and a liquid material are formed, then, a gaseous low-boiling-point organic solvent in the solid-liquid separation system is effectively collected through the gaseous organic solvent storage system, and the solid material and the liquid material are separated. And the gaseous low-boiling-point organic solvent released in the storage process of the extracted solid material in the solid collection system is liquefied through the condensation pressurization system to form the liquid organic solvent, and the liquid organic solvent enters the liquid organic solvent storage system to be recycled, so that the recycling efficiency of the low-boiling-point organic solvent is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment technology, and in particular to a device for separating water or organic liquid from solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] Under normal temperature and pressure conditions, solid waste containing water or organic liquid is brought into full contact with a low-boiling-point weakly polar or low-boiling-point non-polar organic solvent liquid, extracting the water or organic liquid from the solid waste into the liquid phase. After solid-liquid separation, the liquid phase is vaporized by depressurization or heating, which can easily separate the low-boiling-point, low-latent-heat organic solvent from the water or organic liquid, allowing the recovered water, organic liquid, and solid waste to be further utilized or treated.

[0003] For example, mineral oil-containing sludge can be recovered by solvent extraction, municipal sludge can have its water content significantly reduced by solvent extraction, and the medium used to filter and adsorb organic solvents can be regenerated by solvent extraction. These processes consume minimal energy, recover useful components from solid waste, allow for solvent recycling, and minimize secondary environmental pollution, thus achieving energy conservation and solid waste resource utilization goals.

[0004] Existing solid waste treatment devices, such as the Chinese patent document with publication number CN111943464A, disclose a treatment system for sludge, waste residue, or oil sands from natural oil deposits that are heavily contaminated with oil and water year-round. The system includes an extraction reactor, a gas-liquid separator, a dryer, a compressor condenser, and a solvent storage tank connected in sequence. Although the system can extract oily sludge, oily sludge, and oily substances from sludge, soil, and sand that are heavily contaminated with oil year-round, it does not focus on recovering the low-boiling-point organic solvents remaining in the extraction reactor and solid waste products during operation. These residual organic substances can enter the outside atmosphere with the solid waste products discharged from the system, causing solvent waste, secondary environmental pollution, and safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for separating water or organic liquid from solid waste, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art and achieve efficient recovery of low-boiling-point organic solvents.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a device for separating water or organic liquid from solid waste, comprising a solid-liquid separation system, a solid collection system, a flash heating system, a gaseous organic solvent storage system, a condensation pressurization system, and a liquid organic solvent storage system; wherein, the solid-liquid separation system is provided with a solid waste inlet, a liquid organic solvent inlet, a solid material outlet, a gas inlet and outlet, and a liquid material outlet; the solid collection system is provided with a solid material inlet and a gaseous organic solvent outlet; The liquid organic solvent inlet of the solid-liquid separation system is connected to the liquid organic solvent storage system. The solid-liquid separation system is used to mix solid waste with liquid organic solvent so that water or organic liquid in the solid waste is extracted into the liquid organic solvent and solid-liquid separation is performed to form solid material and liquid material. The solid material outlet and gas inlet / outlet of the solid-liquid separation system are both connected to the solid material inlet of the solid collection system, and the gas organic solvent outlet of the solid collection system is connected to the gas organic solvent storage system. The liquid material outlet of the solid-liquid separation system is sequentially connected to the flash heating system, the gaseous organic solvent storage system, the condensation pressurization system, and the liquid organic solvent storage system; wherein, the flash heating system is used to vaporize the liquid material to form a gaseous organic solvent; the condensation pressurization system is used to liquefy the gaseous organic solvent to form a liquid organic solvent.

[0007] Preferably, the solid waste water or organic liquid separation device further includes a feeding system, the inlet of which is used to introduce solid waste, and the outlet of which is connected to the solid waste inlet of the solid-liquid separation system; The feeding system is connected to a first vacuuming mechanism, which can evacuate the feeding system; the solid collection system is connected to a second vacuuming mechanism, which can evacuate both the solid collection system and the solid-liquid separation system.

[0008] Preferably, the first vacuuming mechanism includes a first vacuum pump and a first dust collector, and the air inlet of the first vacuum pump is connected to the feeding system through the first dust collector.

[0009] Preferably, the second vacuuming mechanism includes a second vacuum pump and a second dust collector, and the air inlet of the second vacuum pump is connected to the solid collection system through the second dust collector.

[0010] Preferably, the gaseous organic solvent outlet of the solid collection system is connected to the gaseous organic solvent storage system via a third vacuum pumping mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the third vacuuming mechanism includes a third vacuum pump and a third dust collector, and the gaseous organic solvent outlet of the solid collection system is connected to the gaseous organic solvent storage system in sequence through the third dust collector and the third vacuum pump.

[0012] Preferably, the solid-liquid separation system is further provided with a backflushing gas inlet, and the backflushing gas inlet and the gas inlet and outlet of the solid-liquid separation system are connected to the gas organic solvent storage system through a backflushing gas pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid material outlet of the solid-liquid separation system is also connected to the liquid organic solvent storage system via a backwash liquid pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the solid-liquid separation system includes a reaction vessel, and a filter layer is provided inside the reaction vessel, which can divide the cavity of the reaction vessel into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; The upper part of the reaction vessel is provided with a solid waste inlet, a liquid organic solvent inlet, and a gas inlet / outlet, all of which are connected to the upper cavity of the reaction vessel. A stirring and crushing device is provided within the upper cavity of the reaction vessel to stir and crush the solid waste, thereby mixing the solid waste with the liquid organic solvent. The filter layer is used to separate the mixed solid waste and liquid organic solvent. The lower part of the reaction vessel is provided with a solid material outlet, a liquid material outlet, and a backwash gas inlet; the bottom of the filter layer is connected to the solid material outlet through a solid discharge pipe; the liquid material outlet and the backwash gas inlet are both connected to the lower cavity of the reaction vessel. The lower cavity of the reaction vessel is also equipped with a backwash gas distribution device, and the air inlet of the backwash gas distribution device is connected to the backwash gas inlet.

[0015] Preferably, the upper part of the reaction vessel is further provided with a backwash liquid inlet and outlet, the backwash liquid inlet and outlet are connected to the upper cavity of the reaction vessel, and the backwash liquid inlet and outlet are connected to a backwash liquid collection tank through a parallel pipeline; The parallel pipeline includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is used to pass the liquid organic solvent in the upper cavity of the reaction vessel into the backwash liquid collection tank, and the second branch is used to pass the liquid organic solvent in the backwash liquid collection tank into the upper cavity of the reaction vessel.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: The present invention provides a solid waste water or organic liquid separation device, comprising a solid-liquid separation system, a solid collection system, a flash heating system, a gaseous organic solvent storage system, a condensation pressurization system, and a liquid organic solvent storage system. First, the solid-liquid separation system extracts water or organic liquid from the solid waste into a liquid organic solvent, and then separates the solid and liquid materials to form solid and liquid materials. Next, the gaseous low-boiling-point organic solvent in the solid-liquid separation system and the gaseous low-boiling-point organic solvent released from the extracted solid material during storage in the solid collection system are effectively collected by the gaseous organic solvent storage system. These are then liquefied by the condensation pressurization system to form a liquid organic solvent, which is then recycled in the liquid organic solvent storage system, significantly improving the recovery efficiency of low-boiling-point organic solvents. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the water or organic liquid separation device in solid waste provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction vessel and backwash liquid collection tank provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Feeding system, 101-Feeding inlet of the feeding system, 102-Discharge outlet of the feeding system, 103-First vacuum pump, 104-First dust collector, 105-First pressure gauge, 106-First air inlet, 2-Solid-liquid separation system, 201-Solid waste inlet, 202-Liquid organic solvent inlet, 203-Solid material outlet, 204-Gas inlet and outlet, 205-Liquid material outlet, 206-Backwash gas inlet, 207-Filter layer, 208-Stirring and crushing device, 209-Backwash gas distribution device, 210-Backwash liquid inlet and outlet, 211-Backwash liquid collection tank, 212-Fifth liquid material conveying pump, 213-Sixth liquid material conveying pump, 214-Second pressure gauge, 3 - Solid collection system, 301 Solid material inlet, 302 Gaseous organic solvent outlet, 303 Second vacuum pump, 304 Second dust collector, 305 Third vacuum pump, 306 Third dust collector, 307 Second air inlet, 308 Solid product outlet, 4 Flash heating system, 401 Liquid material outlet, 5 Gaseous organic solvent storage system, 6 Condensation pressurization system, 7 Liquid organic solvent storage system, 701 Third pressure gauge, 702 Third thermometer, 8 Solid material conveying pump, 9 First liquid material conveying pump, 10 Second liquid material conveying pump, 11 Fourth vacuum pump, 12 Third liquid material conveying pump, 13 Fan, 14 Fourth liquid material conveying pump. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for separating water or organic liquid from solid waste, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art and achieve efficient recovery of low-boiling-point organic solvents.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a device for separating water or organic liquid from solid waste, including a feeding system 1, a solid-liquid separation system 2, a solid collection system 3, a flash heating system 4, a gaseous organic solvent storage system 5, a condensation pressurization system 6, and a liquid organic solvent storage system 7; wherein, the solid-liquid separation system 2 is provided with a solid waste inlet 201, a liquid organic solvent inlet 202, a solid material outlet 203, a gas inlet / outlet 204, and a liquid material outlet 205; the solid collection system 3 is provided with a solid material inlet 301 and a gaseous organic solvent outlet 302.

[0024] In this embodiment, the feed inlet 101 of the feeding system is used to introduce solid waste, and the discharge outlet 102 of the feeding system is connected to the solid waste inlet 201 of the solid-liquid separation system 2. Specifically, a solid material conveying pump 8 is provided on the pipeline between the discharge outlet 102 of the feeding system and the solid waste inlet 201 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 in this embodiment. The liquid organic solvent inlet 202 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 is connected to the liquid organic solvent storage system 7. Specifically, a first liquid material conveying pump 9 is provided on the pipeline between the liquid organic solvent inlet 202 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the liquid organic solvent storage system 7 in this embodiment. The solid-liquid separation system 2 is used to mix solid waste with liquid organic solvent so that water or organic liquid in the solid waste is extracted into the liquid organic solvent and solid-liquid separation is performed to form solid material and liquid material.

[0025] Furthermore, the solid material outlet 203 and gas inlet / outlet 204 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 are both connected to the solid material inlet 301 of the solid collection system 3, and the gaseous organic solvent outlet 302 of the solid collection system 3 is connected to the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5; the liquid material outlet 205 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 is sequentially connected to the flash heating system 4, the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5, the condensation pressurization system 6, and the liquid organic solvent storage system 7; specifically, in this embodiment, a second liquid material transfer pump 10 is installed on the pipeline between the liquid material outlet 205 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the flash heating system 4, a fourth vacuum pump 11 is installed on the pipeline between the flash heating system 4 and the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5, and a third liquid material transfer pump 12 is installed between the condensation pressurization system 6 and the liquid organic solvent storage system 7; wherein, the flash heating system 4 is used to vaporize the liquid material to form a gaseous organic solvent; the condensation pressurization system 6 is used to liquefy the gaseous organic solvent to form a liquid organic solvent.

[0026] In this embodiment, the feeding system 1 is connected to a first vacuuming mechanism, which can vacuum the feeding system 1. Specifically, the first vacuuming mechanism in this embodiment includes a first vacuum pump 103 and a first dust collector 104. The air inlet of the first vacuum pump 103 is connected to the feeding system 1 through the first dust collector 104.

[0027] In this embodiment, the solid collection system 3 is connected to a second vacuuming mechanism, which can evacuate the solid collection system 3 and the solid-liquid separation system 2. Specifically, the second vacuuming mechanism includes a second vacuum pump 303 and a second dust collector 304. The air inlet of the second vacuum pump 303 is connected to the solid collection system 3 through the second dust collector 304.

[0028] In this embodiment, the gaseous organic solvent outlet 302 of the solid collection system 3 is connected to the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5 through a third vacuum mechanism. Specifically, the third vacuum mechanism includes a third vacuum pump 305 and a third dust collector 306. The gaseous organic solvent outlet 302 of the solid collection system 3 is connected to the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5 through the third dust collector 306 and the third vacuum pump 305 in sequence.

[0029] In this embodiment, the solid-liquid separation system 2 is also provided with a backflushing gas inlet 206. The backflushing gas inlet 206 and the gas inlet and outlet 204 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 are both connected to the gas organic solvent storage system 5 through a backflushing gas pipeline. Specifically, a fan 13 is provided on the backflushing gas pipeline in this embodiment.

[0030] In this embodiment, the liquid material outlet 205 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 is also connected to the liquid organic solvent storage system 7 through a backwash liquid pipeline; specifically, a fourth liquid material transfer pump 14 is provided on the backwash liquid pipeline in this embodiment.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the solid-liquid separation system 2 in this embodiment includes a reaction vessel, and a filter layer 207, such as a filter cloth, is provided inside the reaction vessel. The filter layer 207 can divide the cavity of the reaction vessel into an upper cavity and a lower cavity.

[0032] Furthermore, the upper part of the reaction vessel is provided with a solid waste inlet 201, a liquid organic solvent inlet 202, and a gas inlet / outlet 204, all of which are connected to the upper cavity of the reaction vessel. A stirring and crushing device 208 is provided in the upper cavity of the reaction vessel. The stirring and crushing device 208 is used to stir and crush the solid waste so that the solid waste can be mixed with the liquid organic solvent. Specifically, the stirring and crushing device 208 is preferably a top-entry stirrer. To enhance its crushing function, those skilled in the art can customize the stirring paddle as needed. The filter layer 207 is used to separate the mixed solid waste and liquid organic solvent; the lower part of the reaction vessel is provided with a solid material outlet 203, a liquid material outlet 205 and a backwash gas inlet 206; the bottom of the filter layer 207 is connected to the solid material outlet 203 through a solid discharge pipe; the liquid material outlet 205 and the backwash gas inlet 206 are both connected to the lower cavity of the reaction vessel; a backwash gas distribution device 209 is also provided in the lower cavity of the reaction vessel, and the air inlet of the backwash gas distribution device 209 is connected to the backwash gas inlet 206; specifically, the backwash gas distribution device 209 is preferably a porous gas distribution coil.

[0033] In this embodiment, the upper part of the reaction vessel is also provided with a backflushing liquid inlet and outlet 210, which is connected to the upper cavity of the reaction vessel. The backflushing liquid inlet and outlet 210 is connected to a backflushing liquid collection tank 211 through a parallel pipeline. The parallel pipeline includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is used to pass the liquid organic solvent in the upper cavity of the reaction vessel into the backflushing liquid collection tank 211, and the second branch is used to pass the liquid organic solvent in the backflushing liquid collection tank 211 into the upper cavity of the reaction vessel. Specifically, in this embodiment, a fifth liquid material transfer pump 212 is provided on the first branch, and a sixth liquid material transfer pump 213 is provided on the second branch. In this embodiment, a second pressure gauge 214 is also provided on the reaction vessel.

[0034] It should be noted that the feeding system 1 in this embodiment includes a feeding hopper. Correspondingly, the inlet of the feeding hopper is used to introduce solid waste, and the outlet of the feeding hopper is connected to the solid waste inlet 201 of the reaction vessel through the solid material conveying pump 8. The air inlet of the first vacuum pump 103 is connected to the feeding hopper through the first dust collector 104. The feeding hopper in this embodiment is also equipped with a first pressure gauge 105 and a first air inlet 106.

[0035] It should be noted that the solid collection system 3 in this embodiment includes a solid collection chamber, which is provided with a solid material inlet 301 and a gaseous organic solvent outlet 302. The air inlet of the second vacuum pump 303 is connected to the solid collection chamber through the second dust collector 304. The solid collection chamber in this embodiment is also provided with a second air inlet 307 and a solid product outlet 308.

[0036] It should be noted that the feed hopper, reaction vessel, and solid collection hopper in this embodiment are all closed structures.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the flash heating system 4 can be a flash tank, which is equipped with a liquid material outlet 401; the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5 can be a gaseous organic solvent storage tank; the condensation pressurization system 6 can be a condensation compressor unit; the liquid organic solvent storage system 7 can be a liquid organic solvent storage tank, which is equipped with a third pressure gauge 701 and a third thermometer 702; in this embodiment, the reaction vessel, solid collection bin, flash tank, gaseous organic solvent storage tank, condensation compressor unit, and liquid organic solvent storage tank are all equipped with oxygen concentration monitoring devices and emergency pressure relief and venting devices; all of the above are existing mature technologies, and those skilled in the art can select them according to their needs, and their structures and working principles will not be described in detail here.

[0038] The usage process of the solid waste water or organic liquid separation device provided in this embodiment is as follows: Step 1: Feeding and Air Purging. Open the feed inlet 101 of the feeding system to feed the material. Once feeding is complete, close all system pipeline valves. Open the first vacuum pump 103 and its associated pipeline valves to purge air from the feeding system 1 until it approaches a vacuum. Open the pipeline valve connecting the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the solid collection system 3, and open the second vacuum pump 303 and its associated pipeline valves to purge air from the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the solid collection system 3 until they approach a vacuum. Once air purging is complete, close the first vacuum pump 103, the second vacuum pump 303, and all opened pipeline valves. Open the pipeline valve connecting the feeding system 1 and the solid-liquid separation system 2, and start the solid material conveying pump 8 to send solid waste to the solid-liquid separation system 2. Close all opened pipeline valves.

[0039] Step 2: Organic Solvent Extraction and Solid-Liquid Separation. Turn on the first liquid material transfer pump 9, the liquid organic solvent inlet 202, and the associated pipeline valves to pump the liquid organic solvent from the liquid organic solvent storage system 7 into the solid-liquid separation system 2, allowing the liquid organic solvent to mix proportionally with the solid waste. Turn off the first liquid material transfer pump 9, the liquid organic solvent inlet 202, and the associated pipeline valves. Start the stirring and crushing device 208. After a certain reaction time, turn on the blower 13 and the associated pipeline valves between the gas organic solvent storage system 5 and the gas inlet / outlet 204 of the solid-liquid separation system 2. Monitored by the second pressure gauge 214, turn off the blower 13 and the associated pipeline valves after a certain pressure is reached. Turn on the second liquid material transfer pump 10 and the associated pipeline valves between the liquid material outlet 205 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the flash heating system 4. Through gas pressure, the liquid material flows into the flash heating system 4. Turn off the second liquid material transfer pump 10 and the associated pipeline valves.

[0040] Step 3: Solid Material Conveying and Collection. First, turn on the blower 13 and related pipeline valves between the gas inlet / outlet 204 of the gas organic solvent storage system 5 and the solid-liquid separation system 2. Then, turn on the valves connecting the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the solid collection system 3. Finally, turn on the third vacuum pump 305 and related pipeline valves between the solid collection system 3 and the gas organic solvent storage system 5. Under the action of pneumatic force, the solid material in the solid-liquid separation system 2 is conveyed to the solid collection system 3. After the conveying is completed, turn off the stirring and crushing device 208, and turn off the blower 13 and related pipeline valves between the gas inlet / outlet 204 of the gas organic solvent storage system 5 and the solid-liquid separation system 2. When the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the solid collection system 3 are close to a vacuum state, turn off the valves connecting the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the solid collection system 3, and turn off the third vacuum pump 305 and related pipeline valves between the solid collection system 3 and the gas organic solvent storage system 5.

[0041] Step 4: Collection and Storage of Organic Solvents. After the solid material has been stored in the solid collection system 3 for a certain period of time, open the third vacuum pump 305 and related pipeline valves between the solid collection system 3 and the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5 to introduce the gaseous organic solvent into the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5. When the solid collection system 3 approaches a vacuum state, close the third vacuum pump 305 and related pipeline valves. Start the flash heating system 4, open the fourth vacuum pump 11 and related pipeline valves between the flash heating system 4 and the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5 to introduce the vaporized organic solvent into the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5, and close the fourth vacuum pump 11 and related pipeline valves. Open the pipeline valves connecting the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5, the condensation and pressurization system 6, and the liquid organic solvent storage system 7, and start the third liquid material transfer pump 12. The condensation and pressurization system 6 condenses and compresses the gaseous organic solvent into liquid organic solvent, which is then stored in the liquid organic solvent storage system 7. Close the above equipment and related pipeline valves.

[0042] Step 5: Backwashing of Solid-Liquid Separation System 2. Turn on the blower 13 and associated pipeline valves between the gas organic solvent storage system 5 and the backwash gas inlet 206 of the solid-liquid separation system 2. Turn on the pipeline valves between the gas inlet / outlet 204 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the solid collection system 3. Turn on the third vacuum pump 305 and associated pipeline valves between the solid collection system 3 and the gas organic solvent storage system 5 to begin air flushing. After a certain period of air flushing, close the above equipment and associated pipeline valves. Turn on the fourth liquid material transfer pump 14 and associated pipeline valves between the liquid organic solvent storage system 7 and the liquid material outlet 205 of the solid-liquid separation system 2 to begin liquid flushing. The backwash liquid is pumped into the backwash liquid collection tank 211 via the fifth liquid material transfer pump 212. After backwashing is completed, the backwash liquid is pumped into the solid-liquid separation system 2 for processing via the sixth liquid material transfer pump 213.

[0043] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the condensing pressurization system 6 uses the discharged liquid material from the solid-liquid separation system 2 as a refrigerant. Using the discharged liquid material from the solid-liquid separation system 2 as a substitute refrigerant not only saves the consumption of external refrigerant, but also increases the temperature of the discharged liquid material from the solid-liquid separation system 2, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the flash heating process.

[0044] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a solid material conveying pump 8 is installed in the connecting pipe between the solid material outlet 203 of the reaction vessel and the bottom of the filter layer 207, as well as in the connecting pipe between the solid material outlet 203 and the solid collection system 3. Based on pneumatic conveying, the solid material conveying between the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the solid collection system 3 is enhanced to avoid blockage.

[0045] Example 4 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a solid material crushing device, such as a sludge crusher, is installed in the feed hopper. The solid waste in the feed hopper is crushed by the solid material crushing device, which can adjust the size of the solid waste entering the subsequent system, avoid mechanical failure, and extend the service life of the equipment and parts.

[0046] Example 5 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a liquid circulation device is provided in the lower cavity of the reaction vessel. The liquid organic solvent in the lower cavity of the reaction vessel is circulated to the upper cavity through the liquid circulation device, which can enhance the circulation and mixing of the liquid organic solvent inside the solid-liquid separation system 2 and improve the utilization efficiency of the liquid organic solvent.

[0047] The present invention provides a device for separating water or organic liquid from solid waste, which has the following advantages: First, the present invention first extracts water or organic liquid from solid waste into liquid organic solvent through solid-liquid separation system 2, and then separates solid and liquid materials to form solid materials and liquid materials. Then, gaseous low-boiling-point organic solvent in solid-liquid separation system 2 and gaseous low-boiling-point organic solvent released by the extracted solid materials during storage in solid collection system 3 are effectively collected through gaseous organic solvent storage system 5. Then, they are liquefied through condensation and pressurization system 6 to form liquid organic solvent, and then enter liquid organic solvent storage system 7 for recycling, which significantly improves the recovery efficiency of low-boiling-point organic solvent.

[0048] Secondly, this invention uses a first vacuum mechanism to purge air from the feeding system 1 after feeding, and a second vacuum mechanism to purge air from the solid-liquid separation system 2 and the solid collection system 3. Furthermore, it maintains the system's internal isolation from the external atmosphere, preventing the introduction of impurity gases during the subsequent solid waste solvent extraction process. This reduces the impurity gas content in the system, increases the purity of the gaseous low-boiling-point organic solvent, and thus achieves higher recovery efficiency when the higher-purity gaseous low-boiling-point organic solvent is recycled within the system. Simultaneously, the air purging operation reduces the oxygen content in the system, effectively avoiding safety risks such as fire and explosion during the solid waste solvent extraction process.

[0049] Third, by setting up a backwashing air distribution device 209 and a backwashing liquid collection tank 211, the present invention backwashes the filter layer 207 in the reaction vessel, effectively extending the equipment operation and maintenance cycle and improving the equipment operating efficiency.

[0050] In summary, this invention connects the feeding system 1 to the solid-liquid separation system 2 for raw material transport; the solid-liquid separation system 2 is connected to the solid collection system 3 for solid product transport; the solid-liquid separation system 2 is connected to the flash heating system 4 for liquid organic solvent transport; the solid collection system 3 and the flash heating system 4 are connected to the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5 for gaseous organic solvent transport; the gaseous organic solvent storage system 5, the condensation and pressurization system 6, and the liquid organic solvent storage system 7 are sequentially connected to jointly achieve the condensation and recovery of gaseous organic solvents; the liquid organic solvent storage system 7 is connected to the solid-liquid separation system 2 to achieve the recycling of liquid organic solvents. In this invention, the system is isolated from the external atmosphere, effectively avoiding safety risks, and can effectively collect residual low-boiling-point organic solvents inside the system and in solid waste products, improving solvent recovery rate, saving costs, and reducing secondary pollution.

[0051] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for separating water or organic liquid from solid waste, characterized in that: It includes a solid-liquid separation system, a solid collection system, a flash heating system, a gaseous organic solvent storage system, a condensation pressurization system, and a liquid organic solvent storage system; wherein, the solid-liquid separation system is provided with a solid waste inlet, a liquid organic solvent inlet, a solid material outlet, a gas inlet and outlet, and a liquid material outlet; the solid collection system is provided with a solid material inlet and a gaseous organic solvent outlet; The liquid organic solvent inlet of the solid-liquid separation system is connected to the liquid organic solvent storage system. The solid-liquid separation system is used to mix solid waste with liquid organic solvent so that water or organic liquid in the solid waste is extracted into the liquid organic solvent and solid-liquid separation is performed to form solid material and liquid material. The solid material outlet and gas inlet / outlet of the solid-liquid separation system are both connected to the solid material inlet of the solid collection system, and the gas organic solvent outlet of the solid collection system is connected to the gas organic solvent storage system. The liquid material outlet of the solid-liquid separation system is sequentially connected to the flash heating system, the gaseous organic solvent storage system, the condensation pressurization system, and the liquid organic solvent storage system; wherein, the flash heating system is used to vaporize the liquid material to form a gaseous organic solvent; the condensation pressurization system is used to liquefy the gaseous organic solvent to form a liquid organic solvent.

2. The solid waste water or organic liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid waste water or organic liquid separation device further includes a feeding system, the inlet of which is used to introduce solid waste, and the outlet of which is connected to the solid waste inlet of the solid-liquid separation system. The feeding system is connected to a first vacuuming mechanism, which can evacuate the feeding system; the solid collection system is connected to a second vacuuming mechanism, which can evacuate both the solid collection system and the solid-liquid separation system.

3. The solid waste water or organic liquid separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first vacuuming mechanism includes a first vacuum pump and a first dust collector, and the air inlet of the first vacuum pump is connected to the feeding system through the first dust collector.

4. The solid waste water or organic liquid separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second vacuuming mechanism includes a second vacuum pump and a second dust collector, with the inlet of the second vacuum pump connected to the solid collection system via the second dust collector.

5. The solid waste water or organic liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gaseous organic solvent outlet of the solid collection system is connected to the gaseous organic solvent storage system through a third vacuum pumping mechanism.

6. The solid waste water or organic liquid separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third vacuuming mechanism includes a third vacuum pump and a third dust collector. The gaseous organic solvent outlet of the solid collection system is connected to the gaseous organic solvent storage system in sequence through the third dust collector and the third vacuum pump.

7. The solid waste water or organic liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation system is also provided with a backflushing gas inlet. The backflushing gas inlet and the gas inlet and outlet of the solid-liquid separation system are connected to the gas organic solvent storage system through a backflushing gas pipeline.

8. The solid waste water or organic liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid material outlet of the solid-liquid separation system is also connected to the liquid organic solvent storage system via a backwash liquid pipeline.

9. The solid waste water or organic liquid separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation system includes a reaction vessel, and a filter layer is provided inside the reaction vessel. The filter layer can divide the cavity of the reaction vessel into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The upper part of the reaction vessel is provided with a solid waste inlet, a liquid organic solvent inlet, and a gas inlet / outlet, all of which are connected to the upper cavity of the reaction vessel. A stirring and crushing device is provided within the upper cavity of the reaction vessel to stir and crush the solid waste, thereby mixing the solid waste with the liquid organic solvent. The filter layer is used to separate the mixed solid waste and liquid organic solvent. The lower part of the reaction vessel is provided with a solid material outlet, a liquid material outlet, and a backwash gas inlet; the bottom of the filter layer is connected to the solid material outlet through a solid discharge pipe; the liquid material outlet and the backwash gas inlet are both connected to the lower cavity of the reaction vessel. The lower cavity of the reaction vessel is also equipped with a backwash gas distribution device, and the air inlet of the backwash gas distribution device is connected to the backwash gas inlet.

10. The solid waste water or organic liquid separation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper part of the reaction vessel is also provided with a backwash liquid inlet and outlet, which are connected to the upper cavity of the reaction vessel, and the backwash liquid inlet and outlet are connected to a backwash liquid collection tank through a parallel pipeline. The parallel pipeline includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is used to pass the liquid organic solvent in the upper cavity of the reaction vessel into the backwash liquid collection tank, and the second branch is used to pass the liquid organic solvent in the backwash liquid collection tank into the upper cavity of the reaction vessel.

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