Crawler-type new energy unmanned straw carbonization all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a crawler-type new energy unmanned straw carbonization all-in-one machine which comprises a vehicle body, a straw collecting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the vehicle body, smashing equipment and a carbonization mechanism are arranged at the top of the vehicle body, and the straw collecting mechanism is used for collecting field straw and conveying the straw to the smashing equipment; a second conveying auger is connected to the bottom of the crushing equipment, the carbonization mechanism comprises an outer cylinder mounted at the top of the vehicle body through a plurality of mounting rings and an inner cylinder rotationally mounted on the inner side of the outer cylinder, the second conveying auger extends into the inner cylinder through a rotating ring, and the rotating ring is rotationally matched with one side of the inner cylinder. Through reverse rotation of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, straw entering the carbonization mechanism after being crushed can be fully turned and stirred, uniform guiding and conveying of the straw in the carbonization process are achieved in cooperation with a spiral material guiding rib, it is ensured that the straw is heated consistently, and the quality of carbonized products is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a tracked, new energy, unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine. Background Technology

[0002] Straw, as a large-scale biomass waste in agricultural production, is being utilized in a way that is crucial for promoting green and sustainable agricultural development. Straw carbonization technology converts straw into high-value-added products such as biochar and biomass gas through pyrolysis. It has significant application value in areas such as soil improvement, carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and clean energy supply, and has become one of the mainstream technological pathways for the resource utilization of straw. Currently, field straw carbonization mainly falls into two categories: one is the traditional step-by-step processing system, which consists of an independent straw collector, crusher, drying equipment, carbonization furnace, and transfer device. During operation, the harvested straw needs to be manually transferred to the crusher for crushing, then to the drying equipment to remove moisture, and finally sent to the carbonization furnace for pyrolysis. Although this approach can achieve the basic function of straw carbonization, it has obvious drawbacks. Due to the dispersed equipment and fragmented operation process, the straw transfer links are numerous and time-consuming, resulting in high labor and transportation costs. It also easily causes the straw to absorb moisture and become damp during transfer, mixing with soil impurities, which directly affects the efficiency of subsequent carbonization reactions and the purity of the product. The other type is a simple integrated straw carbonization equipment. To solve the cumbersome problem of step-by-step processing, this type of equipment integrates the basic functions of crushing and carbonization. However, the straw is difficult to fully stir inside the carbonization furnace, resulting in uneven heating, incomplete carbonization of some straw, and over-carbonization of others, leading to poor product quality stability.

[0003] The numerous problems existing in the aforementioned technologies result in high application costs, low efficiency, and unstable product quality for straw carbonization technology, severely limiting its large-scale promotion and popularization in agricultural production. There is an urgent need for an integrated straw carbonization equipment with optimized structure, synergistic functions, and energy efficiency to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a tracked, new energy, unmanned integrated straw carbonization machine, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine, comprising a vehicle body, a straw collection mechanism at the front end of the vehicle body, and a crushing device and a carbonization mechanism at the top. The straw collection mechanism is used to collect straw from the field and transport it to the crushing device. A conveying auger is connected to the bottom of the crushing device. The carbonization mechanism includes an outer cylinder mounted on the top of the vehicle body via multiple mounting rings, and an inner cylinder rotatably mounted inside the outer cylinder. The conveying auger extends into the inner cylinder via a rotating ring, and the rotating ring rotatably engages with one side of the inner cylinder. Spiral guide ribs are provided on the inner walls of both the outer and inner cylinders. A gear ring 1 is fixedly connected to one side, and a gear ring 2 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the outer cylinder. A drive motor is installed on the outside of the crushing equipment. A rotating rod 2 is fixedly connected to the drive end of the drive motor. A drive gear 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating rod 2. A rotating rod 1 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 2. Both the rotating rod 1 and the rotating rod 2 are fixedly connected to the outside of a bevel gear 1. The bevel gear 1 on the rotating rod 2 meshes with the bevel gear 2. The end of the rotating rod 1 is fixedly connected to the drive gear 1. The drive motor drives the rotating rod 2 to rotate, and the bevel gear 1 and bevel gear 2 drive the rotating rod 1 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby driving the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to rotate in opposite directions.

[0006] Preferably, a bidirectional cylinder is installed on one side of the inner cylinder, and a rotating ring is hinged to the telescopic end of the bidirectional cylinder. A feeding plate is hinged to one end of the rotating ring. The feeding plate is rotatably connected to the port of the inner cylinder, and the two feeding plates are spliced ​​together to seal the port of the inner cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the crushing device includes two parallel crushing rollers with intermittently mating outer surfaces. The two crushing rollers are rotatably installed inside the housing of the crushing device, and one end of one of the crushing rollers passes through the housing and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk. A fixed block is connected to the outer eccentric part of the rotating disk. A movable frame is rotatably installed on the outer side of the crushing device via a rotating shaft. A sector gear is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame. A drive rack is slidably installed on the outer surface of the crushing device, and the outer side of the sector gear meshes with the outer side of the drive rack.

[0008] Preferably, the movable frame has a movable slot inside, and the fixed block is movably disposed inside the movable slot.

[0009] Preferably, both ends of the drive rack are fixedly connected to movable rods, and the top of the vehicle body is fixedly connected to two fixed cylinders. The end of the movable rod away from the drive rack passes through one side of the fixed cylinder and is fixedly connected to a rubber piston. The rubber piston is in a sealed sliding fit with the inside of the fixed cylinder. The outer surface of one of the fixed cylinders is sequentially connected to mounting pipe two and mounting pipe one, and the outer surface of the other fixed cylinder is sequentially connected to connecting pipe one and connecting pipe two. A storage tank for storing nitrogen is installed on one side of the top of the vehicle body.

[0010] Preferably, a one-way valve is installed inside each of the first mounting pipe, the second mounting pipe, the first connecting pipe, and the second connecting pipe. The end of the first mounting pipe away from the fixed cylinder extends into the interior of the transport equipment. The end of the second mounting pipe away from the fixed cylinder extends into the interior of one of the mounting rings. The end of the first connecting pipe away from the fixed cylinder extends into the interior of the mounting ring. The end of the second connecting pipe away from the fixed cylinder is connected to the interior of the storage tank.

[0011] Preferably, the outer side of the second bevel gear meshes with the outer side of the first bevel gear located on the first rotating rod, the outer side of the second driving gear meshes with the outer side of the second driving gear, and the outer side of the first driving gear meshes with the outer side of the first gear ring.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of sieve holes.

[0013] Preferably, a discharge pipe is connected to the outside of the outer cylinder, and a control valve is installed on the outside of the discharge pipe. The discharge pipe is used to discharge the ash and slag inside the outer cylinder. A collection frame is installed on the top of the vehicle body away from the transport equipment. The collection frame is used to store the carbonized straw.

[0014] Preferably, the straw collection mechanism includes a straw collection frame mounted on a mounting frame at the front of the vehicle body, a conveying auger is provided inside the straw collection frame, the output end of the conveying auger is connected to a transport device, and the output end of the transport device extends to the feed inlet of the crushing device.

[0015] This invention provides a tracked, new energy, unmanned integrated straw carbonization machine. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This invention, by adding a straw collection mechanism and a carbonization mechanism, and innovatively adopting a mechanical structure design with the inner and outer cylinders of the carbonization mechanism rotating in opposite directions in conjunction with the spiral guide ribs on their inner sidewalls, achieves a continuous operation from straw collection to carbonization in the field. This effectively reduces the cumbersome steps of multi-equipment operation and manual transfer in traditional straw processing, significantly improving work efficiency and reducing labor costs. On the other hand, the reverse rotation of the inner and outer cylinders can fully agitate the straw after crushing and entering the carbonization mechanism. Combined with the spiral guide ribs, this ensures uniform feeding of the straw during the carbonization process, guaranteeing consistent heating of the straw and ensuring the quality of the carbonized product. At the same time, the mesh structure of the inner cylinder allows the ash produced during carbonization to be separated into the interlayer formed by the inner and outer cylinders. Then, through the synergistic effect of the spiral guide ribs, the ash in the interlayer is directionally pushed to the discharge pipe of the outer cylinder for discharge. In addition, when the outer cylinder rotates in the opposite direction, it actively agitates the hot air in the interlayer, thereby promoting the hot air to circulate in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions within the interlayer, breaking the barrier of the static hot air layer. Ultimately, this ensures that the heat within the interlayer evenly coats the inner cylinder wall, guaranteeing that the straw inside the inner cylinder absorbs heat uniformly through the cylinder wall, thus solving the problem of uneven carbonization.

[0017] 2. This invention, through the ingenious design of the linkage structure between the crushing equipment, the movable rod, and the fixed cylinder, can indirectly drive the movable rod to reciprocate along the inside of the fixed cylinder during the operation of the crushing equipment. This allows for the alteration of the internal air pressure of the two fixed cylinders without the need for an additional power source, achieving efficient energy reuse and functional integration. One fixed cylinder, via connecting pipe one and connecting pipe two, can introduce the waste heat generated during the operation of the carbonization mechanism into the transport equipment, pre-drying the straw during transport and effectively reducing its moisture content. The other fixed cylinder, through mounting pipe one and mounting pipe two, injects nitrogen into the carbonization mechanism to inhibit excessive oxidation during the straw carbonization process, ensuring a stable carbonization reaction and further improving the purity and performance of the carbonized product.

[0018] 3. This invention combines the inner and outer cylinders of the straw collection mechanism and carbonization mechanism with the reverse rotation of the inner and outer cylinders and the spiral guide ribs for automated slag discharge design, as well as the tracked walking and unmanned driving functions. The device realizes the integrated operation of the entire process of straw collection, pre-drying, crushing, carbonization to automated slag discharge, which greatly reduces manual intervention, reduces the labor intensity and human error of operators, adapts to the needs of large-scale operation in different field terrains, and has a compact and reasonable overall structural design with strong functional synergy. It has outstanding advantages in improving operation efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and ensuring product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the straw collection rack structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipe structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral guide rib structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inner cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding plate structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 7 A magnified view of point C in the middle.

[0029] The components include: 1. Vehicle body; 2. Storage tank; 3. Conveying auger one; 4. Straw collection rack; 5. Transportation equipment; 6. Collection frame; 701. Fixed cylinder; 702. Mounting pipe one; 703. Mounting pipe two; 704. Connecting pipe one; 705. Connecting pipe two; 706. Movable rod; 801. Drive motor; 802. Gear ring one; 803. Drive gear one; 804. Bevel gear one; 805. Bevel gear two; 806. 807. Rotating rod 1; 808. Gear ring 2; 809. Drive gear 2; 8000. Rotating rod 2; 9. Conveying auger 2; 10. Inner cylinder; 11. Crushing equipment; 12. Outer cylinder; 13. Mounting ring; 14. Spiral guide rib; 15. Rotating ring; 16. Feeding plate; 17. Feeding pipe; 18. Two-way cylinder; 19. Rotating disc; 20. Fixed block; 21. Movable frame; 22. Sector gear; 23. Drive rack. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 10This invention provides a tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine, including a vehicle body 1. A straw collection mechanism is located at the front end of the vehicle body 1, and a crushing device 11 and a carbonization mechanism are located at the top. The straw collection mechanism collects straw from the field and transports it to the crushing device 11. A conveying auger 9 is connected to the bottom of the crushing device 11. The carbonization mechanism includes an outer cylinder 12 mounted on the top of the vehicle body 1 via multiple mounting rings 13, and an inner cylinder 10 rotatably mounted inside the outer cylinder 12. The conveying auger 9 extends into the inner cylinder 10 via a rotating ring 15, and the rotating ring 15 rotatably engages with one side of the inner cylinder 10. Spiral guide ribs 14 are provided on the inner walls of both the outer cylinder 12 and the inner cylinder 10. A toothed ring 802 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cylinder 10, and a toothed ring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the outer cylinder 12. In circle 2 807, a drive motor 801 is installed on the outside of the crushing equipment 11. A rotating rod 2 809 is fixedly connected to the drive end of the drive motor 801. A drive gear 2 808 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating rod 2 809. A rotating rod 1 806 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 2 809. A bevel gear 1 804 is fixedly connected to the outside of both the rotating rod 1 806 and the rotating rod 2 809. A bevel gear 2 805 is meshed with the bevel gear 1 on the rotating rod 2 809. A drive gear 1 803 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod 1 806. The drive motor 801 drives the rotating rod 2 809 to rotate. The bevel gear 1 804 and bevel gear 2 805 drive the rotating rod 1 806 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby driving the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 12 to rotate in opposite directions. The outer side of bevel gear 805 meshes with the outer side of bevel gear 804 located on rotating rod 806; the outer side of drive gear 808 meshes with the outer side of drive gear 804; and the outer side of drive gear 803 meshes with the outer side of gear ring 802. Multiple sieve holes are provided on the outer surface of the inner cylinder 10. An elastic scraper is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer mesh cylinder 12, and the elastic scraper is in contact with the outer surface of the inner cylinder 10.

[0032] Specifically, the unmanned driving and tracked walking capabilities of vehicle 1 enable autonomous movement in the field. Straw collected by the front-end straw collection mechanism is conveyed and then processed by the crushing equipment 11. The crushed straw particles are precisely fed into the inner cylinder 10 of the carbonization mechanism by the conveying auger 2 9 via the rotating ring 15. The drive motor 801 drives the rotating rod 2 809 to rotate, and through the meshing transmission of bevel gear 1 804 and bevel gear 2 805, the rotating rod 1 806 rotates in the opposite direction. This causes the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 12, mounted via the mounting ring 13, to achieve efficient reverse rotation. This reverse rotation design, combined with the spiral guide ribs 14 on the inner walls of both cylinders, forms a bidirectional spiral convection effect, causing the straw particles to tumble three-dimensionally within the cylinder, significantly enhancing the interaction with the heating field. The uniform contact solves the problem of uneven heating in traditional carbonization. Simultaneously, the sieve holes on the outer surface of the inner cylinder 10, under the centrifugal force of reverse rotation, rapidly separate the fine ash produced during carbonization into the interlayer between the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 12. The elastic scraper on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 12 adheres to the outer surface of the inner cylinder 10, achieving efficient scraping of ash from the surface of the inner cylinder 10 during reverse rotation, preventing sieve clogging. Combined with the directional pushing action of the bidirectional spiral guide ribs 14, dynamic and efficient separation of ash and biochar is achieved, significantly improving the purity of the carbonization product and the continuity of the operation. Furthermore, when the outer cylinder 12 rotates in reverse, it actively agitates the hot air within the interlayer, driving the hot air to circulate clockwise and counterclockwise in both directions, breaking the barrier of the stagnant hot air layer. Ultimately, the heat within the interlayer evenly coats the inner wall of the inner cylinder 10, ensuring that the straw inside the inner cylinder 10 absorbs heat uniformly through the cylinder wall, thus solving the problem of uneven carbonization.

[0033] A two-way cylinder 18 is installed on one side of the inner cylinder 10. A rotating ring 15 is hinged to the telescopic end of the two-way cylinder 18. A feeding plate 16 is hinged to one end of the rotating ring 15. The feeding plate 16 is rotatably connected to the port of the inner cylinder 10, and the two feeding plates 16 are spliced ​​together to seal the port of the inner cylinder 10.

[0034] Specifically, the bidirectional cylinder 18 on one side of the inner cylinder 10 uses telescopic motion as a power source. Through the hinged connection between its telescopic end and the rotating ring 15, the linear telescopic motion is converted into the angular swing of the rotating ring 15, which is then transmitted by the rotating ring 15 to the hinged feeding plate 16, thereby driving the feeding plate 16 to open and close around the rotating connection point of the inner cylinder 10 port.

[0035] The crushing device 11 includes two parallel crushing rollers with intermittently fitted outer surfaces. The two rollers are rotatably mounted inside the housing of the crushing device 11. One end of one of the rollers penetrates the housing and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk 19. A fixed block 20 is eccentrically connected to the outside of the rotating disk 19. A movable frame 21 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the crushing device 11 via a rotating shaft. A sector gear 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame 21. A drive rack 23 is slidably mounted on the outer surface of the crushing device 11, with the outer side of the sector gear 22 meshing with the outer side of the drive rack 23. A movable groove is formed inside the movable frame 21, and the fixed block 20 is movably disposed inside the movable groove. Both ends of the drive rack 23 are fixedly connected to movable rods 706. Two fixed cylinders 701 are fixedly connected to the top of the vehicle body 1. The end of the movable rod 706 away from the drive rack 23 passes through one side of the fixed cylinder 701 and is fixedly connected to a rubber piston. The rubber piston is in a sealed sliding fit with the inside of the fixed cylinder 701. The outer surface of one fixed cylinder 701 is connected to the second mounting pipe 703 and the first mounting pipe 702 in sequence. The outer surface of the other fixed cylinder 701 is connected to the first connecting pipe 704 and the second connecting pipe 705 in sequence. A nitrogen storage tank 2 is installed on one side of the top of the vehicle body 1. One-way valves are installed inside the first installation pipe 702, the second installation pipe 703, the first connecting pipe 704, and the second connecting pipe 705. The end of the first installation pipe 702 away from the fixed cylinder 701 extends into the interior of the transport equipment 5. The end of the second installation pipe 703 away from the fixed cylinder 701 extends into the interior of one of the mounting rings 13. The end of the first connecting pipe 704 away from the fixed cylinder 701 extends into the interior of the mounting ring 13. The end of the second connecting pipe 705 away from the fixed cylinder 701 is connected to the interior of the storage tank 2.

[0036] Specifically, the crushing equipment 11 uses the intermittent counter-rotating operation of two crushing rollers to crush straw. Its principle lies in utilizing the relative rotation of the two crushing rollers to generate shearing and compressive forces, efficiently crushing the straw entering the shell into uniform particles, providing sufficient contact area for subsequent carbonization reactions. Simultaneously, when one crushing roller rotates, it synchronously drives the rotating disk 19 at its end to rotate. Through the reciprocating sliding of the fixed block 20 at the eccentric point of the rotating disk 19 within the movable groove of the movable frame 21, the rotational motion of the crushing roller is converted into the periodic oscillation of the movable frame 21 around its axis. The sector gear 22 at the bottom of the movable frame 21 meshes with the drive rack 23 during the oscillation, further converting the oscillation motion into driving motion. The moving rack 23 reciprocates linearly along the outer surface of the crushing equipment 11; the movable rods 706 at both ends of the rack 23 pull the rubber piston to slide in a sealed manner inside the fixed cylinder 701. The piston movement changes the internal air pressure of the fixed cylinder 701. Combined with the directional flow guidance effect of the one-way valves in each pipe, one of the fixed cylinders 701 introduces the residual heat of the carbonization mechanism into the transport equipment 5 through the second installation pipe 703 and the first installation pipe 702 to achieve straw pre-drying to reduce the moisture content. The other fixed cylinder 701 extracts nitrogen from the storage tank 2 through the second connection pipe 705 and the first connection pipe 704 and transports it to the installation ring 13, and then introduces it into the carbonization mechanism to create an inert atmosphere to inhibit excessive oxidation of the straw.

[0037] The outer cylinder 12 is connected to a discharge pipe 17, and a control valve is installed on the outside of the discharge pipe 17. The discharge pipe 17 is used to discharge the ash and slag inside the outer cylinder 12. A collection frame 6 is installed on the top of the vehicle body 1 away from the transport equipment 5. The collection frame 6 is used to store the carbonized straw. The straw collection mechanism includes a straw collection rack 4 installed on the front mounting frame of the vehicle body 1. A conveyor auger 3 is provided inside the straw collection rack 4. The output end of the conveyor auger 3 is connected to the transport equipment 5. The output end of the transport equipment 5 extends to the feed inlet of the crushing equipment 11.

[0038] Specifically, the straw collection rack 4 at the front of the vehicle body 1 completes the initial collection of straw in the field based on its structural adaptability. The inner conveyor auger 3 uses the mechanical force of the spiral push to stably transport the collected straw to the docked transport equipment 5. Utilizing the directional transfer function of the transport equipment 5, the straw is accurately introduced into the feed inlet of the crushing equipment 11, providing a continuous and stable material supply for subsequent processing. After the outer cylinder 12 and the inner cylinder 10 work together to complete carbonization and ash separation, the discharge pipe 17 on the outside of the outer cylinder 12 serves as the ash discharge channel. By adjusting the opening and closing of the external control valve, the timing and amount of ash discharge can be controlled as needed to avoid the accumulation of ash in the interlayer, which would affect the carbonization efficiency.

[0039] Working principle: The specific use of this device includes the following steps:

[0040] After the equipment is started, relying on the flexible movement of the tracked vehicle body 1 and the unmanned navigation function, it can autonomously adapt to the field terrain to complete mobile operations. The straw collection rack 4 at the front of the vehicle body 1 first collects the straw scattered in the field or after harvesting. The conveyor auger 3 inside the collection rack uses a spiral pushing action to stably transport the collected straw to the feeding end of the docking transport equipment 5. After receiving the straw, the transport equipment 5 continuously transfers it to the feeding port of the crushing equipment 11 on the top of the vehicle body 1, realizing uninterrupted connection from straw collection in the field to subsequent processing, avoiding the transfer loss and inefficiency waste in traditional step-by-step operations.

[0041] After the straw enters the crushing equipment 11, two sets of parallel crushing rollers with intermittently fitted outer surfaces rotate in opposite directions, efficiently shearing, compressing, and crushing the straw into uniform, fine particles, providing a morphological basis for the subsequent carbonization reaction. During the rotation of the crushing rollers, one of them synchronously drives the rotating disk 19 at its end to rotate. The fixed block 20 at the eccentric position of the rotating disk 19 slides back and forth along the movable groove inside the movable frame 21, thereby driving the movable frame 21 to periodically oscillate around the rotating shaft. The sector gear 22 at the bottom of the movable frame 21 meshes with the drive rack 23 during the oscillation, driving the drive rack 23 to reciprocate linearly along the outer surface of the crushing equipment 11. The movable rods 706 at both ends of the drive rack 23 synchronously pull the rubber piston, causing it to slide back and forth in a sealed manner inside the two fixed cylinders 701. This changes the internal air pressure of the fixed cylinders 701. One of the fixed cylinders 701 is connected to the waste heat channel of the carbonization mechanism interlayer through connecting pipe 1 704. With the help of air pressure changes, the waste heat generated during the carbonization process is introduced into the transport equipment 5 through installation pipe 2 703 and installation pipe 1 702 to pre-dry the straw during transport, effectively reducing the moisture content of the straw and laying the foundation for accelerating and improving the quality of the subsequent carbonization reaction. The other fixed cylinder 701 is connected to the storage tank 2 through connecting pipe 2 705. Nitrogen gas is extracted from the storage tank 2 using the air pressure difference and then transported to the interior of the carbonization mechanism through connecting pipe 1 704 and installation pipe 2 703. As an inert gas, nitrogen can fill the carbonization reaction space, inhibit excessive oxidation during the straw pyrolysis process, avoid the deterioration of the quality of the carbonization products, and ensure the stability of the reaction process.

[0042] The crushed straw particles are conveyed to the inner cylinder 10 of the carbonization mechanism by the conveying auger 2 9 at the bottom of the crushing equipment 11. The rotating ring 15 and the inner cylinder 10 are designed to rotate in coordination to ensure that the straw conveying process is not affected by the rotation of the mesh cylinder, thus achieving continuous feeding. After the drive motor 801 is started, its drive end drives the rotating rod 2 809 to rotate. The bevel gear 1 804 and bevel gear 2 805 on the rotating rod 2 809 mesh to drive the rotating rod 1 806, which is sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 2 809, to rotate in the opposite direction. The drive gear 1 803 at the end of the rotating rod 1 806 meshes with the gear ring 1 802 on one side of the inner cylinder 10, driving the inner cylinder 10 to rotate; at the same time, the drive gear 2 808 on the rotating rod 2 809 meshes with the gear ring 2 807 on the outer surface of the outer cylinder 12, driving the outer cylinder 12 to rotate, ultimately achieving synchronous counter-rotation of the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 12. The inner and outer cylinders rotate in opposite directions, creating a strong relative motion. Combined with the spiral guide ribs 14 on the inner walls of both cylinders, this generates a comprehensive stirring and dispersion effect on the straw particles inside, completely avoiding the problem of uneven heating caused by gravity accumulation of straw particles during carbonization. During the reverse rotation, the sieve holes on the outer surface of the inner cylinder 10, under the combined action of centrifugal force and relative motion, can quickly screen the fine ash residue produced by the carbonization reaction into the interlayer formed by the inner cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 12. At the same time, the elastic scraper on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 12 is in close contact with the outer surface of the inner cylinder 10, forming a highly efficient scraping during the reverse rotation. This not only cleans the ash residue adhering to the outer surface of the inner cylinder 10 and prevents the sieve holes from clogging, but also assists the ash residue in the interlayer to move along the guide ribs 14, and finally discharges it through the discharge pipe 17 on the outside of the outer cylinder 12, realizing automated and non-mixing separation of ash residue and carbonized product. Furthermore, when the outer cylinder 12 rotates in the opposite direction, it actively agitates the hot air within the interlayer, thereby driving the hot air to circulate in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions within the interlayer, breaking the barrier of the stagnant hot air layer. Ultimately, this ensures that the heat within the interlayer evenly coats the wall of the inner cylinder 10, guaranteeing that the straw inside the inner cylinder 10 absorbs heat uniformly through the cylinder wall, thus solving the problem of uneven carbonization.

[0043] In addition, after the heating device inside the inner cylinder 10 is activated, it maintains a stable temperature environment required for straw pyrolysis. The straw particles complete the carbonization reaction under the uniform heating and continuous conveying brought about by the reverse rotation, and are transformed into high-quality products such as biochar. After the carbonization reaction is completed, the bidirectional cylinder 18 on one side of the inner cylinder 10 is activated. Its telescopic end pulls the rotating ring 15 to swing, which in turn drives the two feeding plates 16 hinged to the port of the inner cylinder 10 to flip and open synchronously. The carbonized finished straw falls smoothly into the collection frame 6 on the top of the vehicle body 1 under the pushing action of gravity and the spiral guide rib 14 for storage.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tracked, new energy, unmanned integrated straw carbonization machine, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a vehicle body (1), with a straw collection mechanism at the front end and a crushing device (11) and a carbonization mechanism at the top. The straw collection mechanism is used to collect straw from the field and transport it to the crushing device (11). The bottom of the crushing device (11) is connected to a conveying auger (9). The carbonization mechanism includes an outer cylinder (12) mounted on the top of the vehicle body (1) via multiple mounting rings (13), and an inner cylinder (10) rotatably mounted inside the outer cylinder (12). The second auger (9) extends into the inner cylinder (10) through the rotating ring (15), and the rotating ring (15) rotates with one side of the inner cylinder (10). The inner walls of the outer cylinder (12) and the inner cylinder (10) are provided with spiral guide ribs (14). A gear ring (802) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cylinder (10), and a gear ring (807) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the outer cylinder (12). A drive motor (801) is installed on the outside of the crushing equipment (11). A rotating rod two (809) is fixedly connected to the drive end of a motor (801). A driving gear two (808) is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating rod two (809). A rotating rod one (806) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod two (809). A bevel gear one (804) is fixedly connected to the outside of both the rotating rod one (806) and the rotating rod two (809). A bevel gear two (805) is meshed with the bevel gear one (804) on the rotating rod two (809). The end of the rotating rod (806) is fixedly connected to the drive gear (803), and the inner wall of the outer mesh cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the elastic scraper. The elastic scraper is in contact with the outer surface of the inner cylinder (10). The rotating rod (809) is driven to rotate by the drive motor (801), and the rotating rod (806) is driven to rotate in the opposite direction by the transmission of the bevel gear (804) and the bevel gear (805), thereby driving the inner cylinder (10) and the outer cylinder (12) to rotate in opposite directions.

2. The tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A two-way cylinder (18) is installed on one side of the inner cylinder (10). A rotating ring (15) is hinged to the telescopic end of the two-way cylinder (18). A feeding plate (16) is hinged to one end of the rotating ring (15). The feeding plate (16) is rotatably connected to the port of the inner cylinder (10), and the two feeding plates (16) are spliced ​​together to fit and seal the port of the inner cylinder (10).

3. The tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing device (11) includes two parallel crushing rollers with intermittently fitted outer surfaces. The two crushing rollers are rotatably installed inside the housing of the crushing device (11), and one end of one of the crushing rollers passes through the housing and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk (19). A fixed block (20) is connected to the outer eccentric part of the rotating disk (19). A movable frame (21) is rotatably installed on the outer side of the crushing device (11) via a rotating shaft. A sector gear (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame (21). A drive rack (23) is slidably installed on the outer surface of the crushing device (11). The outer side of the sector gear (22) meshes with the outer side of the drive rack (23).

4. The tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable frame (21) has a movable slot inside, and the fixed block (20) is movably disposed inside the movable slot.

5. A tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both ends of the drive rack (23) are fixedly connected to movable rods (706). The top of the vehicle body (1) is fixedly connected to two fixed cylinders (701). The end of the movable rod (706) away from the drive rack (23) passes through one side of the fixed cylinder (701) and is fixedly connected to a rubber piston. The rubber piston is in a sealed sliding fit with the inside of the fixed cylinder (701). The outer surface of one of the fixed cylinders (701) is connected to the second mounting pipe (703) and the first mounting pipe (702) in sequence. The outer surface of the other fixed cylinder (701) is connected to the first connecting pipe (704) and the second connecting pipe (705) in sequence. A storage tank (2) for storing nitrogen is installed on one side of the top of the vehicle body (1).

6. The tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, One-way valves are installed inside the first installation pipe (702), the second installation pipe (703), the first connecting pipe (704), and the second connecting pipe (705). The end of the first installation pipe (702) away from the fixed cylinder (701) extends into the interior of the transport equipment (5). The end of the second installation pipe (703) away from the fixed cylinder (701) extends into the interior of one of the installation rings (13). The end of the first connecting pipe (704) away from the fixed cylinder (701) extends into the interior of the installation ring (13). The end of the second connecting pipe (705) away from the fixed cylinder (701) is connected to the interior of the storage tank (2).

7. The tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the second bevel gear (805) meshes with the outer side of the first bevel gear (804) located on the first rotating rod (806), the outer side of the second driving gear (808) meshes with the outer side of the second driving gear (808), and the outer side of the first driving gear (803) meshes with the outer side of the first gear ring (802).

8. The tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the inner cylinder (10) is provided with multiple sieve holes.

9. A tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder (12) is connected to a discharge pipe (17) on the outside. A control valve is installed on the outside of the discharge pipe (17). The discharge pipe (17) is used to discharge the ash inside the outer cylinder (12). A collection frame (6) is installed on the top of the vehicle body (1) away from the transport equipment (5). The collection frame (6) is used to store the carbonized straw.

10. A tracked new energy unmanned straw carbonization integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw collection mechanism includes a straw collection rack (4) installed on the front mounting frame of the vehicle body (1). The inner side of the straw collection rack (4) is provided with a conveying auger (3). The output end of the conveying auger (3) is connected to a transport device (5). The output end of the transport device (5) extends to the feed inlet of the crushing device (11).

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