PCR (polymerase chain reaction) virus detection all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biological detection, discloses a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) virus detection all-in-one machine, is used for virus extraction and PCR detection of air and a water body, and solves the problems that existing distributed equipment is poor in adaptation, complicated in operation and difficult to consider precision and portability at the same time. The all-in-one machine comprises a frame and a pipetting core unit, wherein the pipetting core unit comprises a pipetting main body and a virus extraction unit; the pipetting main body unit integrates a pipetting gun unit, an eight-row grabbing unit, a sleeve inserting and separating unit and the like, X-direction movement and Y-direction movement are achieved through a guide rail sliding block, all the subunits achieve Z-direction movement through a lead screw nut and a push rod motor, a multi-tooth hook claw and a pneumatic device conduct accurate grabbing, and an electric push rod and a photoelectric switch conduct accurate pipe inserting and separating; the virus extraction unit is fixed at the bottom of the frame and integrates a liquid storage unit, a PCR detection unit and the like, the eight rows of units are provided with stepped insertion plates for compensating height difference, and a condensation structure efficiently refrigerates. The device achieves the integration of the whole detection process, is compact in structure, is high in interference resistance, is adaptive to the field, is efficient and precise, and is low in operation threshold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biological detection technology, specifically relating to a viral nucleic acid detection device based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is an innovative product that integrates biomedical engineering and mechanical engineering. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of environmental monitoring, public health prevention and control, and ecological security, the screening and accurate detection of viruses in water bodies (drinking water, surface water, sewage treatment water, etc.) and air (various indoor and outdoor ambient air) are crucial for blocking the spread of viruses through water bodies and airborne aerosols, thus ensuring ecological security and public health. Water bodies contain microorganisms and suspended impurities, while airborne viruses have extremely low concentrations and are easily adsorbed by particulate matter, significantly increasing the difficulty of detection and placing extremely high demands on the timeliness, accuracy, and anti-interference capabilities of detection technologies. PCR technology, as a core method for viral nucleic acid detection, can rapidly amplify trace amounts of nucleic acid in vitro, amplifying low concentrations of viral nucleic acid in water and air to detectable levels, providing important scientific evidence for prevention and control efforts. However, existing detection equipment is mostly decentralized, with each operating module operating independently, making it difficult to adapt to the high-efficiency operational requirements of the aforementioned complex detection scenarios.

[0003] However, existing PCR detection technologies for water and air samples, especially their distributed device structures, face numerous technical challenges in practical applications, hindering their effectiveness: First, poor scenario adaptability; distributed modules need to be carried and assembled separately, making operation cumbersome in field settings without fixed experimental environments. Temperature and humidity fluctuations and impurities can easily interfere with amplification stability through gaps between modules, affecting detection accuracy. Second, sample processing and detection are disconnected; the lack of integrated systems means that sample enrichment, extraction, and PCR amplification must be performed in separate modules, resulting in cumbersome and time-consuming processes. Sample transfer between modules can also easily cause contamination, requiring highly skilled personnel and being unsuitable for large-scale screening. Third, portability and accuracy are difficult to balance; distributed modules are large and have low integration, making them inconvenient to carry in the field. Simple small devices, lacking integrated design, cannot balance portability and detection accuracy. Fourth, poor reagent and sample compatibility; distributed modules store reagents independently for amplification and reading, making reagent stability susceptible to changes in temperature and humidity. Improper module connections can easily lead to impurities and false negative or false positive results, affecting prevention and control decisions.

[0004] Currently, existing PCR testing products and methods on the market have not overcome the limitations of their distributed structures, failing to address the aforementioned shortcomings and thus failing to meet practical testing needs. Therefore, this invention focuses on an integrated structural design, developing a highly efficient PCR testing solution adapted to specific samples. The core of this solution is the integration of sample enrichment, nucleic acid extraction, PCR amplification, and result detection into a single module, eliminating the drawbacks of traditional distributed methods. This integrated structure is compact, easy to operate, and highly resistant to interference, flexibly adaptable to complex scenarios such as fieldwork, eliminating the need for cumbersome module assembly and sample transport. Simultaneously, optimized adaptation design and amplification systems enable seamless, integrated operation throughout the entire process. This not only significantly reduces testing time, lowers costs and operational barriers, and substantially improves detection sensitivity, accuracy, and reagent stability, but also effectively addresses the core shortcomings of distributed structures, providing reliable technical support for environmental monitoring and public health control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated PCR virus detection machine to achieve the above-mentioned functions and objectives.

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention provide an integrated PCR virus detection machine for extracting viral components from air and water, and for detecting the viral components in conjunction with a PCR detection device. The machine is characterized by primarily comprising a frame and a pipetting core unit. The pipetting core unit includes a pipetting main unit and a virus extraction unit. The pipetting main unit consists of a pipette unit, an eight-well gripping unit, a cannula insertion / removal unit, a device connection plate, and an adapter unit. The virus extraction unit includes a storage unit, a cannula unit, a pipette tip unit, an eight-well unit, a 48-well plate unit, and a PCR detection unit. The pipetting main unit is mounted on the crossbeam of the frame via a guide rail slider mechanism and can reciprocate linearly along the X and Y directions. The eight-row gripping unit is installed on the back of the pipette mounting plate, forming an integrated structure with the pipette unit. It achieves Z-axis linear motion through the screw and nut mechanism on the pipette base plate. A push rod motor mounted on the casing base plate drives the casing insertion and disengagement unit to achieve linear motion in the Z direction; The pipette unit and the cannula insertion / removal unit are connected by two equipment connecting plates. The adapter unit is fixed to the back of the cannula insertion / removal unit and is mounted on the guide rail slider mechanism on the frame beam. The virus extraction unit is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame, and its components work together with the main pipetting unit to complete the virus extraction and detection operation. Furthermore, the pipette unit mainly includes a pipette, a pipette mounting plate, a pipette base plate, a servo motor drive mechanism, and a ball screw mechanism. The servo motor drive mechanism includes a servo motor, a reducer, a coupling, a motor bracket, and a motor bracket pad. The ball screw mechanism includes a ball screw, a screw nut, a nut sleeve, a screw collar, a screw sleeve, and a fine-pitch nut. The pipette mounting plate has a T-shaped structure with a hollow area in the middle. The pipette is fixed to the upper surface of the pipette mounting plate through a tapered countersunk hole on the lower surface of the mounting plate. Two guide rails are fixed parallel to each other on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the pipette base plate. Two sliders are mounted on each guide rail. The pipette mounting plate is fixedly connected to the sliders and the nut sleeve, and can move linearly back and forth along the guide rails. Two L-shaped limits are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the upper surface of the pipette base plate. Position blocks are used to limit the movement stroke of the pipette mounting plate. A plate-type light shield is provided on the upper surface of the pipette mounting plate. This plate-type light shield cooperates with two photoelectric switches on the equipment connection plate to further limit the movement position of the pipette mounting plate. Two bearing seats are installed in the upper and lower grooves on the upper surface of the pipette base plate. The bearings and bearing retaining rings are embedded in the corresponding bearing seats. The upper and lower shaft ends of the ball screw are respectively assembled in the bearings of the corresponding bearing seats. The screw nut is embedded in the nut sleeve and fixed by the cup head screw. The upper shaft section of the ball screw is connected to the lower end of the coupling for transmission. The upper end of the coupling is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the reducer. The output shaft of the servo motor is coaxially connected to the input end of the reducer. The motor bracket and motor bracket pad are fixed to the upper surface of the pipette base plate by screws for support and positioning of the servo motor drive mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the eight-row gripping unit includes a fixed claw, a movable claw, a claw base, a claw clamping block, and a pneumatic unit. These components work together to achieve precise gripping. The eight-row gripping unit is fixed to the lower surface of the pipette mounting plate in the pipette unit via the claw base pad, and can reciprocate linearly with the pipette mounting plate. The claw base serves as the mounting foundation for the entire eight-row gripping unit. Its upper surface has a square boss for positioning and supporting the cylinder. A circular hole is provided at the center of the square boss for the cylinder body to pass through. The cylinder is securely mounted on the upper surface of the square boss through a pre-set external thread on its body and a double nut for bidirectional locking and positioning, allowing for detachable fixing of the cylinder for easy maintenance and replacement. One side of the claw base has a strip-shaped boss with a groove on its upper surface for mounting the fixed claw. This groove prevents the fixed claw from shifting during gripping. The end of the fixed claw... Seven teeth are evenly arranged along the length direction, with consistent size and spacing to meet the gripping requirements of an eight-row structure. This ensures uniform force and precise positioning during gripping. The movable hook is locked and fixed to the cylinder push rod by double nuts, creating a secure connection. It moves synchronously with the cylinder push rod and reciprocates linearly along the height of the fixed hook under the drive of the cylinder, switching between gripping and releasing actions. The end of the movable hook has three teeth positioned at the center of the fixed hook. The movable and fixed hooks cooperate and work together to form a compact and tightly meshed gripping structure, ensuring the stability of the entire gripping process. The hook pressure block is located above the movable hook, and its two ends can be fixed to the hook base with bolts, restricting the movable hook to the upper surface of the fixed hook. This ensures smooth movement of the movable hook and constrains its vertical displacement, preventing gripping accuracy from being affected by the movement of the movable hook during gripping.

[0008] Furthermore, the pneumatic unit includes an air pump, a cylinder, and a three-position five-way solenoid valve. The air pump, the three-position five-way solenoid valve, and the cylinder are connected in sequence through air pipes. The air pump provides air power to the cylinder, and the three-position five-way solenoid valve is used to control the switching and opening / closing of the air circuit. By switching the direction of the air source through the three-position five-way solenoid valve, the push rod of the cylinder can be driven to make linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction, thereby providing power for the movement of the movable claw and realizing precise control of the gripping action.

[0009] Furthermore, the sleeve insertion / removal unit mainly includes an electric actuator unit, an electric actuator mounting plate, a sleeve base plate, a magnetic rod support seat, a U-shaped block, and an actuator motor unit. The electric actuator unit includes an electric actuator, a magnetic rod mounting block, a magnetic rod, and a sheet-like light-shielding component. The actuator motor unit includes an actuator motor, a guide slider, and an actuator motor bracket. The electric actuator mounting plate has an overall T-shaped structure with a hollow structure in the middle. Two guide rails are fixed parallel to each other on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the sleeve base plate. Each guide rail is equipped with two sliders. The electric actuator mounting plate is fixedly connected to both the sliders and the guide sliders, and can move linearly back and forth synchronously with the sliders along the guide rails. Two Z-shaped limit blocks are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the sleeve base plate to limit the linear motion stroke of the electric actuator mounting plate. The electric actuator is pressed and installed on the upper surface of the electric actuator mounting plate by the U-shaped block. Its end is detachably connected to the magnetic rod mounting block by screws and nuts. The sheet-like light-shielding component is fixed to the upper surface of the magnetic rod mounting block by tapered screws. The magnetic rod support seat is fixedly installed. On the lower side of the upper surface of the electric actuator mounting plate, a magnetic rod is screwed into the magnetic rod mounting block through its external thread, and the other end of the magnetic rod extends into the round hole of the magnetic rod support. The magnetic rod is fitted onto the outer surface of the round boss of the magnetic rod support. The actuator motor bracket is fixed to the lower surface of the sleeve base plate by a tapered screw. The actuator motor passes through the round hole in the actuator motor bracket and is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the actuator motor bracket. The actuator motor has an external thread at the end of its push rod and is screwed into the guide slider. The actuator motor serves as a power source, driving the electric actuator mounting plate to perform linear reciprocating motion along the guide rail. The upper surface of the sleeve base plate has a groove with a through-hole for mounting three small photoelectric switches. These switches cooperate with the magnetic rod mounting block through a sheet-like light shield to control the start, insertion, and termination of the electric actuator. The actuator photoelectric switches are fixed to the hollowed-out part in the middle of the sleeve base plate by cup-head screws. The arc-shaped light shield is fixed to the lower surface of the electric actuator mounting plate to control the start and termination of the actuator motor.

[0010] Furthermore, the adapter unit includes an adapter mounting plate, an adapter mounting plate pad, and a slider connecting plate. The adapter mounting plate pad is fixed to the lower surface of the sleeve base plate by cup-head screws. The lower bottom surface of the adapter mounting plate is detachably connected to the upper surface of the slider connecting plate by cup-head screws. The slider connecting plate is pre-fixed to the guide rail slider mechanism on the frame beam.

[0011] Furthermore, the virus extraction unit mainly includes an integrated base plate, an integrated mounting plate, a liquid storage unit, a cannula unit, a pipette tip unit, an eight-row unit, a 48-well plate unit, and a PCR detection unit. The integrated base plate is installed at the bottom of the frame, and the integrated mounting plate is fixed to the groove area of ​​the integrated base plate by tapered screws. The cannula unit includes a cannula and a cannula support. The cannula support is a hollow structure and is fixed to the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate by cup-head screws. The cannula is inserted into the circular hole of the cannula support from top to bottom. The 48-well plate unit mainly includes a 48-well plate, a 48-well plate support, and a heat bath. The 48-well plate is fixed to the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate by cup-head screws. The nail is fixed to the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate. The 48-hole plate is placed in a rectangular groove on the upper surface of the 48-hole plate bracket. A square hole is opened inside the rectangular groove. The hot bath is installed from bottom to top on the lower surface of the rectangular groove and is in contact with the 48-hole plate to keep the liquid in the 48-hole plate warm. The waste unit includes a waste box and a waste box bracket. The waste box bracket is installed on the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate, and the waste box is placed in the waste box bracket for easy removal and replacement. The liquid bottle unit includes a liquid bottle and a liquid bottle support. The liquid bottle support is installed on the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate, and the liquid bottle is placed between the liquid bottle supports for easy removal.

[0012] Furthermore, the liquid storage unit includes a liquid storage box, a liquid storage box bracket, and an O-ring. The liquid storage box bracket is generally wavy with two legs at the bottom and cylindrical grooves inside. Two right-angle pagoda connectors are screwed into the bottom of each cylindrical groove. The two right-angle pagoda connectors are used to connect the inlet and outlet pipes, respectively. The liquid storage box bracket is fixed to the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate by cup-head screws. The liquid storage box is hollow cylindrical with two cylindrical bosses with annular grooves on its lower surface. The O-rings are embedded in the annular grooves. The cylindrical bosses of the liquid storage box are inserted into the cylindrical grooves inside the liquid storage box bracket to achieve a seal in the cylindrical grooves.

[0013] Furthermore, the gun head unit mainly includes a gun head insert plate, a gun head bracket, a gun head, and a baffle. The gun head bracket is installed on the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate by cup-head screws. The gun head bracket has circular bosses on both sides. The baffle is installed on the upper surface of the circular bosses by compression springs and locking screws, and can rotate around the locking screws. A ring of square bosses is set inside the gun head bracket. The gun head insert plate is placed on the square bosses. The user can rotate the baffle to press the gun head insert plate, and the gun head is inserted into the circular hole of the gun head insert plate from top to bottom.

[0014] Furthermore, the eight-row unit includes a bracket, a mounting plate, an outer support, a storage box, and a cooling bath. The cooling bath is installed on the lower surface of the bracket. The mounting plate is designed with a stepped structure to compensate for the height difference between the eight-row gripping unit and the pipette unit, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the eight-row gripping unit. Four sets of eight-row units can be installed on the mounting plate, with the first and second sets located on the first step, and the third and fourth sets located on the second step. The mounting plate has notches between adjacent sets of eight-row units. The mounting plate and the storage box form an integral unit. The inner surface of the outer support has protrusions that hold the storage box tightly in the groove on the upper surface of the bracket. The storage box contains condensing blocks, which are positioned opposite the notches to increase the condensation area and improve cooling efficiency. Two Peltier blocks are placed between the storage box and the bracket for temperature conduction.

[0015] Furthermore, the PCR detection unit includes a PCR detector and an eight-row array. The PCR detector is mounted on the upper surface of the integrated base plate by a cup-head screw, and the eight-row array to be tested is inserted into the pre-set circular holes of the PCR detector from top to bottom. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is an axonometric view of a PCR virus detection integrated machine; Figure 2 This is a perspective axonometric view of a PCR virus detection all-in-one machine; Figure 3 This is an axonometric view of the pipetting core unit; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the main pipetting unit; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of a pipette unit; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a servo motor drive mechanism; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a ball screw mechanism; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the grappling hook unit; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic unit; Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the sleeve insertion / removal unit; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the push rod motor unit; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an electric actuator unit; Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the transition unit; Figure 14This is an exploded view of the virus extraction unit; Figure 15 This is an exploded view of the casing unit, the 48-hole plate unit, the waste box unit, and the liquid bottle unit; Figure 16 This is an exploded view of the liquid storage unit; Figure 17 This is an exploded view of the gun head unit; Figure 18 It is an exploded view of an eight-unit row; Figure 19 This is an exploded view of a PCR detection unit; Figure 20 The main pipetting unit is located directly above the virus extraction unit; Figure 21 The main pipetting unit is located directly above the PCR detection unit; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the pipette tip installation on a pipette unit; Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of an eight-row grasping unit grasping eight rows; Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of an eight-row PCR detection unit; Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve insertion / removal unit inserting the sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] This embodiment demonstrates a PCR virus detection integrated machine, such as... Figures 1 to 25 As shown, the device mainly consists of a frame 1 and a pipetting core unit 2. The pipetting core unit 2 mainly consists of a pipetting main unit 3 and a virus extraction unit 4. The pipetting main unit 3 mainly consists of a pipette unit 5, an eight-well gripping unit 6, a cannula insertion / removal unit 7, a device connection plate 8, and an adapter unit 9. The virus extraction unit 4 mainly consists of an integrated base plate 10, an integrated mounting plate 11, a liquid storage unit 12, a cannula unit 13, a pipette tip unit 14, an eight-well unit 15, a 48-well plate unit 16, and a PCR detection unit 17, etc. Figure 20 and Figure 21 As shown.

[0020] refer to Figures 4 to 7 The pipette unit 5 mainly includes a pipette 18, a pipette mounting plate 19, a pipette base plate 20, a servo motor drive mechanism 21, and a ball screw mechanism 22. The servo motor drive mechanism 21 includes a servo motor 23, a reducer 24, a coupling 25, a motor bracket 26, and a motor bracket pad 27. The ball screw mechanism 22 includes a ball screw 39, a screw nut 28, a nut sleeve 29, a screw collar 30, a screw sleeve 31, and a fine-pitch nut 32. The pipette mounting plate 19 is generally [unclear - possibly a unit name or structure]. The T-shaped structure has a hollowed-out area in the middle. The pipette 18 is fixed to the upper surface of the pipette mounting plate 19 through a conical countersunk hole on the lower surface of the pipette mounting plate 19. Two guide rails 33 are fixed parallel to each other on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the pipette base plate 20. Two sliders 34 are respectively mounted on each guide rail 33. The pipette mounting plate 19 is fixedly connected to the sliders 34 and the nut sleeve 29, and can move linearly back and forth along the guide rails 33. The upper and lower sides of the upper surface of the pipette base plate 20 are respectively fixed with... Two L-shaped limit blocks 35 are used to limit the movement stroke of the pipette mounting plate 19. A plate-type light shield 36 is provided on the upper surface of the pipette mounting plate 19. This plate-type light shield 36 cooperates with two photoelectric switches 37 on the equipment connection plate 8 to further limit the movement position of the pipette mounting plate 19. Two bearing seats 38 are installed in the upper and lower side grooves on the upper surface of the pipette base plate 20. Bearings and bearing retaining rings are embedded in the corresponding bearing seats 38. The upper and lower shaft ends of the ball screw 39 are respectively assembled with the corresponding bearing seats. In the bearing housing 38, the ball screw nut 28 is embedded in the nut sleeve 29 and fixed by a cup-head screw. The upper end of the ball screw 39 is connected to the lower end of the coupling 25 for transmission. The upper end of the coupling 25 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the reducer 24. The output shaft of the servo motor 23 is coaxially connected to the input end of the reducer 24. The motor bracket 26 and the motor bracket pad 27 are fixed to the upper surface of the pipetting base plate 20 by screws, and are used for the support and positioning of the servo motor drive mechanism 21. Figure 22 As shown.

[0021] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 8The eight-link gripping unit 6 includes a fixed hook 40, a movable hook 41, a hook base 42, a hook clamping block 43, and a pneumatic unit 44. These components work together to achieve precise gripping. The eight-link gripping unit 6 is fixed to the lower surface of the pipette mounting plate 19 in the pipette unit 5 via the hook base pad 96, and can reciprocate linearly with the pipette mounting plate 19. The hook base 42 serves as the mounting foundation for the entire eight-link gripping unit 6, and its upper surface is provided with a square boss. This square boss is used to press against the cylinder 45. For positioning and support, a circular hole is provided at the center of the square boss for the cylinder 45 to pass through. The cylinder 45 is securely installed on the upper surface of the square boss through a pre-set external thread on its cylinder body and a double nut for bidirectional locking and positioning, achieving detachable fixing of the cylinder 45 for easy subsequent maintenance and replacement. A strip-shaped boss is provided on one side of the hook base 42, and a groove is provided on the upper surface of the strip-shaped boss for installing and fixing the hook 40. This groove prevents the fixing hook 40 from shifting during the gripping process. The end of the fixing hook 40 is along... Seven teeth are evenly arranged along the length direction, with consistent size and spacing to meet the gripping requirements of the eight-row 46 structure, ensuring uniform force and precise positioning during gripping. The movable claw 41 is locked and fixed to the push rod of the cylinder 45 by double nuts, ensuring a firm connection. It can move synchronously with the push rod of the cylinder 45, and under the drive of the cylinder 45, it performs linear reciprocating motion along the height direction of the fixed claw 40, realizing the switching between gripping and releasing actions. The end of the movable claw 41 has three teeth, which are arranged at the center of the fixed claw 40. The movable hook 41 and the fixed hook 40 cooperate and work together to form a compact and tightly meshed complete gripping structure, ensuring the stability of the entire gripping process. The hook pressure block 43 is set above the movable hook 41, and its two ends can be fixed to the hook base 42 by bolts, restricting the movable hook 41 to the upper surface of the fixed hook 40. This not only ensures the smooth movement of the movable hook 41, but also restricts the vertical displacement of the movable hook 41, preventing the gripping accuracy from being affected by the shaking of the movable hook 41 during the gripping process.

[0022] refer to Figure 9 The pneumatic unit 44 includes an air pump 47, a cylinder 45, and a three-position five-way solenoid valve 48. The air pump 47, the three-position five-way solenoid valve 48, and the cylinder 45 are connected in sequence via air pipes. The air pump 47 provides air power to the cylinder 45. The three-position five-way solenoid valve 48 is used to control the switching and opening / closing of the air circuit. By switching the direction of the air source through the three-position five-way solenoid valve 48, the push rod of the cylinder 45 can be driven to perform a linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction, thereby providing power for the movement of the movable claw 41 and realizing precise control of the gripping action, such as... Figure 23 As shown.

[0023] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12The sleeve insertion / removal unit 7 mainly includes an electric actuator unit 49, an electric actuator mounting plate 50, a sleeve base plate 51, a magnetic rod support 52, a U-shaped block 63, and an actuator motor unit 53. The electric actuator unit 49 includes an electric actuator 54, a magnetic rod mounting block 55, a magnetic rod 61, and a sheet-like light-shielding component 56. The actuator motor unit 53 includes an actuator motor 57, a guide slider 58, and an actuator motor bracket 59. The electric actuator mounting plate 50 has an overall T-shaped structure with a hollow structure in the middle. Two guide rails 33 are fixed parallel to each other on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the sleeve base plate 51. Each guide rail 33 is equipped with a corresponding... Two sliders 34 are installed. The electric actuator mounting plate 50 is fixedly connected to both the sliders 34 and the guide sliders 58, and can move linearly and reciprocally along the guide rail 33 synchronously with the sliders 34. Two Z-shaped limit blocks 60 are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the sleeve base plate 51 to limit the linear motion stroke of the electric actuator mounting plate 50. The electric actuator 54 is pressed and installed on the upper surface of the electric actuator mounting plate 50 by U-shaped blocks 63. Its end is detachably connected to the magnetic rod mounting block 55 by screws and nuts. The sheet-like light-shielding member 56 is fixed to the upper surface of the magnetic rod mounting block 55 by tapered screws. Magnetic rod support base 52 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the upper surface of the electric actuator mounting plate 50. The magnetic rod 61 is screwed into the magnetic rod mounting block 55 through the external thread at its end, and the other end of the magnetic rod 61 extends into the round hole of the magnetic rod support 52. The magnetic rod sleeve 62 is assembled on the outer surface of the round boss of the magnetic rod support 52. The actuator motor bracket 59 is fixed to the lower surface of the sleeve base plate 51 by a tapered screw. The actuator motor 57 passes through the round hole opened in the actuator motor bracket 59 and is fixedly assembled on the upper side of the actuator motor bracket 59. The push rod end of the actuator motor 57 has an external thread and is screwed into the guide slider 58. The push rod motor 57 serves as the power source, driving the electric push rod mounting plate 50 to reciprocate linearly along the guide rail 33. The upper surface of the sleeve base plate 51 has a groove with a through-hole for mounting three small photoelectric switches 64. These switches, via a sheet-like light-shielding element 56 and a magnetic rod mounting block 55, control the starting, insertion, and termination actions of the electric push rod 54. The push rod photoelectric switches 65 are fixed to the hollowed-out portion in the middle of the sleeve base plate 51 by cup-head screws. The arc-shaped light-shielding element 66 is fixed to the lower surface of the electric push rod mounting plate 50, controlling the starting and stopping of the push rod motor 57. Figure 25 As shown.

[0024] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 13 The adapter unit 9 includes an adapter mounting plate 67, an adapter mounting plate pad 68, and a slider connecting plate 69. The adapter mounting plate pad 68 is fixed to the lower surface of the sleeve base plate 51 by cup head screws. The lower bottom surface of the adapter mounting plate 67 is detachably connected to the upper surface of the slider connecting plate 69 by cup head screws. The slider connecting plate 69 is pre-fixed to the guide rail slider mechanism on the crossbeam of the frame 1.

[0025] refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 The virus extraction unit 4 mainly includes an integrated base plate 10, an integrated mounting plate 11, a liquid storage unit 12, a cannula unit 13, a pipette tip unit 14, an eight-well unit 15, a 48-well plate unit 16, and a PCR detection unit 17. The integrated base plate 10 is installed at the bottom of the frame 1. The integrated mounting plate 11 is fixed to the groove area of ​​the integrated base plate 10 by a conical screw. The cannula unit 13 includes a cannula 62 and a cannula support 70. The cannula support 70 is a hollow structure and is fixed to the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate 11 by a cup-head screw. The cannula 62 is inserted from top to bottom into the round hole of the cannula support 70. The 48-well plate unit 16 mainly includes a 48-well plate 71, a 48-well plate support 72, and a heat bath 73. The 48-well plate 71 is connected to the heat bath by a cup-head screw. The head screw is fixed to the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate 11. The 48-hole plate 71 is placed in the rectangular groove on the upper surface of the 48-hole plate bracket 72. The rectangular groove has square holes. The heat bath 73 is installed from bottom to top on the lower surface of the rectangular groove and contacts the 48-hole plate 71 to keep the liquid in the 48-hole plate 71 warm. The waste unit 74 includes a waste box 75 and a waste box bracket 76. The waste box bracket 76 is installed on the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate 11, and the waste box 75 is placed in the waste box bracket 76 for easy removal and replacement. The liquid bottle unit 77 includes a liquid bottle 78 and a liquid bottle support 79. The liquid bottle support 79 is installed on the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate 11, and the liquid bottle 78 is placed between the liquid bottle supports 79 for easy removal.

[0026] refer to Figure 16 The liquid storage unit 12 includes a liquid storage box 80, a liquid storage box bracket 81, and an O-ring 82. The liquid storage box bracket 81 is generally wavy and has two legs at the bottom. It has a cylindrical groove inside, and two right-angle pagoda connectors 83 are screwed into the bottom of each cylindrical groove. The two right-angle pagoda connectors 83 are used to connect the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, respectively. The liquid storage box bracket 81 is fixed to the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate 11 by cup head screws. The liquid storage box 80 is hollow cylindrical and has two cylindrical bosses with annular grooves on its lower surface. The O-ring 82 is embedded in the annular grooves. The cylindrical bosses of the liquid storage box 80 are inserted into the cylindrical grooves inside the liquid storage box bracket 81 to achieve a seal in the cylindrical grooves.

[0027] refer to Figure 17 The gun head unit 14 mainly includes a gun head insert plate 84, a gun head bracket 85, a gun head 86, a baffle 87, etc. The gun head bracket 85 is installed on the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate 11 by cup head screws. The gun head bracket 85 has circular bosses on the left and right sides. The baffle 87 is installed on the upper surface of the circular bosses by compression springs and locking screws, and can rotate around the locking screws. A square boss is set inside the gun head bracket 85. The gun head insert plate 84 is placed on the square bosses. The user can rotate the baffle 87 to press the gun head insert plate 84. The gun head 86 is inserted into the circular hole of the gun head insert plate 84 from top to bottom.

[0028] refer to Figure 18 The eight-row unit 15 includes a bracket 88, a insert plate 89, an outer support 90, a storage box 91, and a cold bath 92. The cold bath 92 is installed on the lower surface of the bracket 88. The insert plate 89 is designed with a stepped structure to compensate for the height difference between the eight-row gripping unit 6 and the pipette unit 5, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the eight-row gripping unit 6. Four sets of eight-rows 46 can be inserted on the insert plate 89, with the first and second sets located on the first step, and the third and fourth sets located on the second step. The insert plate 89 has a notch between two adjacent sets of eight-rows. The insert plate 89 and the storage box 91 form an integral unit. The inner surface of the outer support 90 is provided with a boss to hold the storage box 91 tightly in the groove on the upper surface of the bracket 88. The storage box 91 is provided with a condensing block 93 inside, which is positioned opposite the notch to increase the condensing area and improve the cooling efficiency. Two Peltier blocks 94 are provided between the storage box 91 and the bracket 88 for temperature conduction.

[0029] refer to Figure 19 The PCR detection unit 17 includes a PCR detector 95 and an eight-row array 46. The PCR detector 95 is mounted on the upper surface of the integrated base plate 10 via cup-head screws. The eight-row array 46 to be tested is inserted from top to bottom into the pre-set circular holes in the PCR detector 95, such as... Figure 24 As shown.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0031] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PCR virus detection integrated machine, used to extract viral components from air and water, and to detect the viral components in conjunction with a PCR detection device, characterized in that, It mainly includes a frame (1) and a pipetting core unit (2). The pipetting core unit (2) includes a pipetting body unit (3) and a virus extraction unit (4). The pipetting body unit (3) is composed of a pipetting gun unit (5), an eight-row gripping unit (6), a cannula insertion and removal unit (7), an equipment connection plate (8), and a transfer unit (9). The virus extraction unit (4) is composed of an integrated base plate (10), an integrated mounting plate (11), a liquid storage unit (12), a cannula unit (13), a pipetting tip unit (14), an eight-row unit (15), a 48-well plate unit (16), and a PCR detection unit (17). The pipetting body unit (3) is assembled on the crossbeam of the frame (1) through a guide rail slider mechanism and can make linear reciprocating motion along the X and Y directions. The eight-row gripping unit (6) mainly includes a movable hook (41), a fixed hook (40), a hook base (42), and a pneumatic unit (44). The eight-row gripping unit (6) is installed on the back of the pipette mounting plate (19) and forms an integral structure with the pipette unit (5). It achieves Z-axis linear motion through the screw and nut mechanism on the pipette base plate (20). The push rod motor (57) mounted on the bushing base plate (51) drives the bushing insertion and removal unit (7) to achieve linear motion in the Z direction; The pipette unit (5) and the cannula insertion / removal unit (7) are connected by two equipment connecting plates (8). The adapter unit (9) is fixed to the back of the cannula insertion / removal unit (7) and the adapter unit (9) is mounted on the guide rail slider mechanism of the frame (1). The virus extraction unit (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame (1), and its constituent units work together with the pipetting body unit (3) to complete the virus extraction and detection operation. The pipette unit (5) mainly includes a pipette (18), a pipette mounting plate (19), a pipette base plate (20), a servo motor (23), a ball screw (39), and a screw nut (28). The pipette (18) is mounted on the upper surface of the pipette mounting plate (19). The pipette mounting plate (19) is fixed on the upper surface of the slider (34) and the nut sleeve (29). The nut sleeve (29) is mounted on the outer surface of the screw nut (28). The guide rail slider mechanism is mounted on the upper surface of the pipette base plate (20). The screw nut mechanism (22) is mounted in the bearing of the bearing seat (38). The servo motor (23), the reducer (24), the coupling (25) and the ball screw (39) are coaxially connected. The four components are fixed on the upper surface of the pipette base plate (20) through the motor bracket (26) and the motor bracket pad (27).

2. The PCR virus detection integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eight-row gripping unit (6) mainly includes a fixed hook (40), a cylinder (45), a movable hook (41), a hook base (42), and a hook pressing block (43). The fixed hook (40) is installed in the groove on the upper surface of the hook base (42). The end of the fixed hook (40) is provided with seven teeth. The cylinder (45) is fixed to the square boss on the upper surface of the hook base (42) by the double nuts on the cylinder body. The movable hook (41) and the push rod of the cylinder (45) are fixed relative to each other by the double nuts. The end of the movable hook (41) is provided with three teeth. The hook pressing block (43) restricts the movable hook (41) to the upper surface of the fixed hook (40). Under the drive of the push rod of the cylinder (45), the movable hook (41) makes a linear reciprocating motion to press and release the eight rows (46).

3. The PCR virus detection integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic unit (44) includes an air pump (47), a cylinder (45), and a three-position five-way solenoid valve (48). The air pump (47) serves as the power source for the cylinder (45). The two are controlled by the three-position five-way solenoid valve (48) to realize the extension and retraction function of the cylinder (45) push rod.

4. The PCR virus detection integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve insertion / removal unit (7) mainly includes an electric push rod (54), an electric push rod mounting plate (50), a guide slider (58), a sleeve base plate (51), a magnetic rod (61), a magnetic rod support seat (52), and a push rod motor (57), etc. The electric push rod (54) is installed on the upper surface of the electric push rod mounting plate (50), and the electric push rod mounting plate (50) is fixed on the upper surfaces of the slider (34) and the guide slider (58). The guide slider (58) is screwed onto the push rod of the push rod motor (57), and the guide rail slider mechanism is installed on the sleeve base plate (51). 51) On the upper surface, a small photoelectric switch (64) is installed in the groove on the upper surface of the sleeve base plate (51), a magnetic rod (61) is screwed into the magnetic rod mounting block (55) at the end of the electric push rod (54) and passes through the round hole of the magnetic rod support seat (52), the push rod motor (57) is installed on the upper surface of the sleeve base plate (51) through the push rod motor bracket (59), the push rod photoelectric switch (65) is fixed in the hollow part in the middle of the sleeve base plate (51), and the arc-shaped light shield (66) is fixed on the lower surface of the electric push rod mounting plate (50).

5. The PCR virus detection integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The virus extraction unit (4) mainly includes an integrated base plate (10), an integrated mounting plate (11), a liquid storage unit (12), a sleeve unit (13), a nozzle unit (14), an eight-row unit (15), a 48-well plate unit (16), and a PCR detection unit (17). The integrated base plate (10) is installed at the bottom of the frame (1), and the integrated mounting plate (11) is installed in the groove on the upper surface of the integrated base plate (10). The liquid storage unit (12), the sleeve unit (13), and other units are all installed on the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate (11).

6. The PCR virus detection integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eight-row gripping unit (6) is fixed to the bottom of the pipette mounting plate (19) in the pipette unit (5) and can move in a straight line along with the pipette mounting plate (19). There is a certain height difference between the lower surface of the fixed claw (40) in the eight-row gripping unit (6) and the lower surface of the pipette (18) in the pipette unit (5).

7. The PCR virus detection integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eight-row unit (15) includes a bracket (88), a mounting plate (89), an external support (90), a storage box (91), and a cooling bath (92). The cooling bath (92) is installed on the lower surface of the bracket (88). The mounting plate (89) is designed with a stepped structure to compensate for the height difference between the eight-row gripping unit (6) and the pipette unit (5). Four sets of eight-row units (46) can be installed on the mounting plate (89), with the first and second sets located on the first step, and the third and fourth sets located on the second step. A notch is provided between two adjacent groups of eight rows (46), the insert plate (89) and the storage box (91) form a whole, the inner surface of the outer support (90) is provided with a boss, which holds the storage box (91) tightly in the groove on the upper surface of the bracket (88), the storage box (91) is provided with a condensing block (93) inside, the condensing block (93) is set opposite to the notch to increase the condensing area and improve the cooling efficiency, and two Peltiers (94) are provided between the storage box (91) and the bracket (88) for temperature conduction.

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