Uniformly-dyed polyester FDY oiling agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical materials, and provides a uniformly-dyed polyester FDY oiling agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The FDY oil agent comprises an oil phase and a water phase which are independent from each other; on the basis of the total mass of the oil phase, the oil phase comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-90% of base oil, 5-25% of an emulsifying system, 0.05-5% of a dispersing component and 0.01-2% of an auxiliary agent; on the basis of the total mass of the water phase, the water phase comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1-20% of a complexing component, 0.01-2% of a pH regulator and the balance of water. The FDY oiling agent can effectively reduce uneven dyeing phenomena such as chromatic aberration and stripe patterns in the dyeing process, and the dyeing consistency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of chemical materials, and more specifically, to a uniformly dyed polyester FDY oiling agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Fully drawn polyester yarn (FDY) is widely used in weaving and dyeing processes. FDY finished products typically undergo pretreatment, dyeing, fixation, and finishing steps during the dyeing process. The fiber surface condition significantly affects dye liquor wetting, diffusion, and dyeing kinetics. In particular, the spinning oil applied during spinning and winding forms an oil film on the fiber surface. The composition and uniformity of this oil film directly affect the wetting and mass transfer process of the dye liquor on the fiber during subsequent dyeing. When the oil film coverage is uneven, locally excessively thick, or its composition varies, the penetration rate and exhaustion of the dye liquor between different fiber segments or bundles are easily inconsistent, resulting in uneven dyeing phenomena such as color difference, streaks, and uneven shades.

[0003] Current FDY oiling processes generally involve preparing a working emulsion by mixing the oil with water before applying the oil. The stability of the working emulsion and the state of the emulsion particles affect the spreading and deposition behavior of the oil on the fiber surface: insufficient emulsion stability may lead to flocculation, localized demulsification, or fluctuations in the particle size distribution of the emulsion, resulting in changes in the concentration and deposition amount of the effective ingredients per unit time, thus causing fluctuations in the amount of oil applied and uneven oil film. In addition, when the quality of water added at different production sites varies, the state of the working emulsion is more likely to fluctuate during preparation and use, further reducing the consistency of oil application and increasing the probability of uneven dyeing in the subsequent process.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a polyester FDY oil agent that can dye evenly, as well as its preparation method and application, in order to reduce the risk of dyeing defects such as color difference and streaks and improve product consistency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the problems solved by this invention is how to provide a polyester FDY oiling agent that produces uniform dyeing.

[0006] One of the problems solved by this invention is how to provide a method for preparing a polyester FDY oil agent with uniform dyeing.

[0007] One of the problems addressed by this invention is how to provide an application of a polyester FDY oiling agent that produces uniform dyeing.

[0008] To solve at least one of the above problems, the present invention provides a polyester FDY oiling agent with uniform dyeing, wherein the FDY oiling agent comprises an independent oil phase and an aqueous phase; Based on the total mass of the oil phase, the oil phase comprises, by weight percentage: 60-90% base oil, 5-25% emulsion system, 0.05-5% dispersing components, and 0.01-2% additives. Based on the total mass of the aqueous phase, the aqueous phase comprises, by weight percentage: 0.1-20% complexing components, 0.01-2% pH adjuster, and the balance water.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the base oil includes one or more of fatty acid esters, polyethers, and polyether esters; and / or the dispersing component includes one or more of polyether dispersants and polycarboxylate dispersants; and / or the additives include one or more of defoamers, preservatives, and antioxidants.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the emulsification system includes nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants; wherein, the nonionic surfactants include one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polyethers; and the anionic surfactants include one or more of phosphate salts, alkyl sulfonates, and alkyl sulfates.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the complexing component includes one or more of phosphonate complexing agents and aminocarboxylate complexing agents; wherein, the phosphonate complexing agent includes one or more of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, aminotrimethylidene phosphonic acid, and diethylenetriaminepentamethylidene phosphonic acid; and / or the aminocarboxylate complexing agent includes one or more of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, glutamic acid diacetic acid, and methylglycine diacetic acid.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the pH adjuster includes one or more of the following: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, citric acid, acetic acid, and phosphate buffer system.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for preparing a uniformly dyed polyester FDY oil, comprising the following steps: Preparation of the oil phase: The base oil is heated and subjected to a first stirring treatment, then the emulsification system, dispersing components, and additives are added and subjected to a second stirring treatment to obtain the oil phase; Preparation of aqueous phase: Dissolve the complexed component in water, then add a pH adjuster and perform a third stirring treatment to obtain the aqueous phase.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the preparation of the oil phase specifically includes: heating the base oil at 40-60℃ and performing a first stirring treatment at 300-800rpm for 15-45min to obtain heated oil; during a second stirring treatment at 500-1200rpm for 15-60min, sequentially adding an emulsification system, a dispersing component, and an additive to the heated oil to obtain an oil phase mixture; and performing a first filtration treatment with a precision of 1-10μm on the oil phase mixture to obtain the oil phase.

[0015] In the above technical solution, during the preparation of the aqueous phase, the third stirring treatment is carried out at a speed of 200-1200 rpm for 5-60 min; the pH adjuster adjusts the pH value of the aqueous phase to 6.0-9.0.

[0016] In the above technical solution, after the third stirring treatment in the preparation of the aqueous phase, the process further includes: performing a second filtration treatment on the aqueous phase, wherein the precision of the second filtration treatment is 1-10 μm.

[0017] The present invention also provides an application of a uniformly dyed polyester FDY oiling agent, wherein the oil phase is added to supplementary water for stirring and dispersion treatment, and then the aqueous phase is added for stirring and mixing treatment to obtain a working emulsion for oiling polyester FDY.

[0018] Beneficial effects This invention provides a uniformly dyed polyester FDY oil, its preparation method, and its application. Compared with existing polyester FDY oils, this invention constructs the main lubricating film-forming system as an independent oil phase and sets the water-stabilizing component as an independent aqueous phase. During use, the oil phase is mixed with replenished water in the order of oil phase first, followed by aqueous phase, to form a working emulsion. This independent setting allows the water-stabilizing component to instantly reduce the activity of free metal ions and maintain a suitable pH window during emulsification and recycling. This significantly inhibits the precipitation and salting-out effects of hardness ions and trace metal ions on anionic surfactants, as well as their disturbance to the interfacial film structure. It reduces flocculation, precipitation, and local demulsification, and decreases emulsion particle size drift and fluctuations in the concentration distribution of effective components—features not found in traditional oils. Furthermore, this invention, through the synergistic effect of the emulsification system and dispersing components, enables the working emulsion to form finer, narrower, and more stable emulsion particles under different water quality conditions. This results in more stable oil deposition per unit time and a more uniform oil film coverage on the fiber surface, reducing differences in dye liquor wetting, diffusion, and exhaustion caused by variations in oil film thickness and composition. Consequently, it effectively reduces dyeing defects such as color difference, streaks, and uneven color depth, improving dyeing consistency and batch stability. In addition, separate storage of the oil and water phases avoids compatibility drift and long-term storage instability at high concentrations. Separate filtration of the oil and water phases improves system cleanliness, enhancing production continuity and process controllability. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, a detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention will be provided below.

[0020] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents and raw materials used in this invention are commercially available. Experimental methods in the following examples that do not specify particular conditions should be performed according to conventional methods and conditions, or as selected in the product instructions.

[0021] This invention discovers that fluctuations in the particle size and effective component concentration distribution of the working emulsion under different makeup water qualities affect the uneven dyeing of polyester FDY. These fluctuations cause differences in oil application and oil film coverage, which are then amplified into differences in dye liquor wetting, diffusion, and exhaustion. Therefore, this invention proposes constructing the main lubricating film-forming component that forms the oil film as an independent oil phase, and constructing the component sensitive to water quality fluctuations and used to stabilize the water environment as an independent aqueous phase. During use, makeup water is added in the order of oil phase first, followed by aqueous phase, to form the working emulsion.

[0022] In this structure, the aqueous phase can play a role immediately during the formation and stabilization stages of emulsion particles. The complexing component reduces the activity of hardness ions, inhibiting the formation of insoluble salts from anionic surfactants and the disruption of interfacial films. The pH adjuster maintains the system within a pH window where the effective form of the complexing agent and the emulsion system are compatible, resulting in more stable emulsion particle size, less flocculation and sedimentation, and a lower probability of local demulsification. This leads to more stable oil deposition, a more uniform oil film, and ultimately reduces color differences and streaks, among other staining defects.

[0023] Therefore, this invention provides a polyester FDY oiling agent for uniform dyeing, used for oiling polyester FDY spinning and helping to improve the uniformity of subsequent dyeing, especially suitable for FDY production and dyeing and finishing scenarios where the quality of the makeup water fluctuates greatly and the requirements for dyeing consistency are high. The polyester FDY oiling agent of this invention comprises independent oil and water phases, thereby ensuring the stability of the main lubricating film-forming component and the aqueous functional regulating component during storage and use, and forming a working emulsion with makeup water during use to achieve uniform oiling.

[0024] Specifically, based on the total mass of the oil phase and expressed as a percentage by weight, the oil phase includes: 60-90% base oil, 5-25% emulsion system, 0.05-5% dispersing components, and 0.01-2% auxiliaries. As the main carrier for forming the oil film on the fiber surface, the oil phase determines the lubricity, spreadability, and film uniformity of the oil film, which is the key basis for achieving uniform dyeing.

[0025] In the oil phase, the base oil, acting as the oil film skeleton, provides the main lubrication and film-forming functions. The base oil includes one or more of fatty acid esters, polyethers, and polyether esters. The fatty acid esters are preferably esters formed from C8-C22 fatty acids and C1-C8 alcohols, or polyol esters. This carbon chain and structural window can balance fluidity and thermal stability, and regulate the polarity of the oil phase, thereby improving wetting and adhesion to the polyester surface and suppressing uneven thickness caused by localized enrichment. Compared to esters with excessively short chains that tend to have increased volatility and insufficient lubrication, and esters with excessively long chains that tend to have excessively high viscosity and poor spreading, the above range is more conducive to forming a continuous and uniform oil film coverage under high-speed spinning and winding conditions. Polyether or polyether ester base oils can further introduce moderately hydrophilic and compliant segments, improving the interfacial matching ability of the oil phase under emulsification conditions, making the emulsion particle state of the working emulsion more stable, thus resulting in more uniform deposition on the fiber surface and reducing the risk of inconsistent dyeing exhaustion caused by oil film differences.

[0026] The emulsification system is used to rapidly establish a stable interfacial film and obtain emulsified particles with controllable particle size distribution during the mixing process of the oil phase and the added water. This results in more consistent spreading and deposition of the oil agent on the fiber surface, reducing fluctuations in oil application and minimizing the impact of differences in oil film composition on dyeing uniformity. To balance emulsification efficiency and resistance to water quality disturbance, the emulsification system includes nonionic and anionic surfactants. Nonionic surfactants account for 70-99% of the emulsification system mass, while anionic surfactants account for 1-30%. Nonionic surfactants primarily provide stability through steric hindrance and are less sensitive to fluctuations in ionic strength and hardness. Anionic surfactants, introduced in small amounts, provide interfacial charge repulsion and reduce interfacial tension, which is beneficial for forming finer and narrower-distributed emulsified particles. Controlling the anionic surfactant within the above-mentioned range also avoids the formation of insoluble salts or the induction of salting out when its content is too high, thus achieving a balance between emulsification efficiency and resistance to water quality disturbance.

[0027] Furthermore, nonionic surfactants include one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polyethers. Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers have good wetting and emulsifying abilities, which can promote the rapid dispersion of the oil phase in the aqueous phase and improve the spreading of the fiber surface. Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polyethers can regulate the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance and enhance the interfacial film strength through the synergistic effect of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene segments, which is beneficial for maintaining the stability of emulsion particles under different temperatures and ionic strengths. Anionic surfactants include one or more of phosphate esters, alkyl sulfonates, and alkyl sulfates. Phosphate esters can contribute to both wetting and antistatic properties, while alkyl sulfonates and alkyl sulfates have high interfacial activity and emulsification efficiency. Under small-scale compounding conditions, they can improve the emulsification rate and particle uniformity, thereby making the oiling process more stable and reducing oil film unevenness caused by emulsion state fluctuations.

[0028] The dispersing component is used to inhibit the aggregation of emulsion particles and the flocculation and sedimentation caused by impurity particles, and to reduce inter-fiber bridging and local adhesion, thereby reducing localized thick or thin oil conditions. The dispersing component includes one or more polyether dispersants and polycarboxylate dispersants; polyether dispersants possess both hydrophilicity and flexible segments, which are more conducive to forming a stable dispersion protective layer at the interface, reducing the tendency of emulsion particles to aggregate under shear and cyclic conditions. Polycarboxylate dispersants have a stronger dispersing and stabilizing effect on inorganic particles and metallic soap impurities, reducing emulsion coarsening and oiling fluctuations caused by deposits. By introducing the dispersing component in the range of 0.05-5%, the particle state of the working emulsion can be made more stable, and the oiling deposition more uniform, thereby reducing the risk of streaks and color differences in subsequent dyeing.

[0029] It is understood that additives include one or more of defoamers, preservatives, and antioxidants. Defoamers can reduce metering fluctuations and localized discontinuities in oiling caused by foam during formulation and circulation, and avoid differences in oil film coverage due to foam entrainment. Preservatives can inhibit the growth of microorganisms in aqueous systems during storage or use, and avoid pH changes, viscosity drift, or emulsion instability caused by metabolic products. Antioxidants can inhibit the oxidative thickening of base oils or the formation of highly polar byproducts, and avoid drift in oil film wetting and film-forming properties during long-term storage or under high-temperature conditions.

[0030] In specific operations, the preparation of the oil phase includes: heating the base oil and performing a first stirring treatment, then adding the emulsification system, dispersing components, and additives and performing a second stirring treatment to obtain the oil phase; Base oils may have high viscosity at room temperature or rheological inhomogeneity due to local temperature differences. When added directly to an emulsion system, they are prone to local high-concentration agglomeration or inconsistent dissolution rates, forming micro-phase separation or gel-like aggregates. Consequently, during subsequent emulsification, the emulsion particles become coarse, the particle size distribution becomes wider, and the emulsion stability decreases.

[0031] Therefore, the base oil is heated at 40-60℃ and then stirred for 15-45 minutes at 300-800 rpm to obtain a heated oil. By controlling the heating temperature, the viscosity of the base oil decreases significantly, molecular mobility is enhanced, and stirring shear can more effectively eliminate temperature and concentration gradients, resulting in a homogeneous heated oil state. This temperature range balances energy consumption and thermal stability, ensuring mixing efficiency while reducing the risk of thermal degradation of additives or surfactants at excessively high temperatures. Furthermore, by reducing the viscosity of the base oil, improving flowability, and achieving thermal homogenization, stable mass transfer conditions are provided for the subsequent dissolution and dispersion of surfactants and functional components. Controlling the first stirring process at 300-800 rpm for 15-45 minutes ensures the formation of a stable circulating flow field during heating, resulting in a uniform temperature distribution and rheological state of the system. This avoids viscosity differences caused by local overheating or local stagnation, laying the foundation for rapid wetting and dissolution when surfactants and dispersion components are subsequently added.

[0032] Further, during the second stirring process at 500-1200 rpm for 15-60 min, the emulsification system, dispersing component, and additives are added sequentially to the heated oil to obtain an oil phase mixture. Adding the emulsification system first helps establish a uniform distribution of the interfacial active components in the oil phase. The surfactant in the emulsification system needs to be fully dissolved in the oil phase and form a stable molecular dispersion to quickly adsorb onto the oil-water interface and form an interfacial film of appropriate strength during subsequent mixing with the aqueous phase or added water. If the emulsification system is added simultaneously with the dispersing component or additives, the surfactant may be locally adsorbed or encapsulated by the polymeric dispersant, leading to reduced effective interfacial activity, decreased emulsification efficiency, or uncontrollable particle size. Adding the emulsification system first and mixing under higher shear conditions helps reduce interfacial tension and improve the wetting and dispersion efficiency of subsequent components, thereby increasing the emulsification rate and particle uniformity of the final oil phase when preparing the working emulsion. Adding the dispersing component after it has been fully dispersed in the emulsification system allows it to more effectively exert its dispersing and stabilizing effect. Dispersing components typically inhibit particle aggregation and deposition through steric hindrance or electrostatic interactions, and their effectiveness depends on uniform distribution and sufficient spread within the system. If the dispersing component is added before the surfactant is uniformly dispersed, it can easily lead to agglomeration due to localized high viscosity or insufficient wetting, making subsequent dispersibility difficult and becoming a source of emulsion particle coarsening or filtration burden. Using a higher stirring speed of 500-1200 rpm for a second stirring and controlling the mixing time to 15-60 minutes provides sufficient shear and interface renewal to eliminate agglomeration nuclei, improves the uniformity of dispersant distribution in the oil phase, thereby inhibiting particle aggregation and stabilizing particle size distribution during subsequent emulsification. Adding additives later helps avoid introducing unnecessary interference in the early high-shear stage and ensures their full dissolution or dispersion in the system. For example, adding defoamers too early may affect the interfacial behavior of the surfactant; preservatives and antioxidants are also better added after the system is basically homogenized to achieve more stable content control and long-term stability. Adding additives after the dispersing component reduces compatibility problems caused by localized high concentrations of additives, improving the storage stability and usage consistency of the oil phase.

[0033] Furthermore, the oil phase mixture undergoes a first filtration process with a precision of 1-10 μm to obtain the oil phase. This removes solid impurities, undissolved particles, gel-like agglomerates, and metal shavings that may be introduced or generated during the mixing process, thereby improving the cleanliness of the oil phase and the consistency of the system. The presence of particles in the oil phase can have multiple adverse effects. Particles can act as destabilizing factors in the emulsification process, inducing heterogeneous aggregation of emulsion particles, leading to a wider particle size distribution and reduced stability of the working emulsion. In addition, particles can cause blockage or wear at the metering pump, nozzle, oil nozzle, or guide wire components of the oiling system, resulting in fluctuations in the oiling volume and consequently causing uneven oil film on the fiber surface.

[0034] Specifically, the aqueous phase, as a functional phase, is mainly used to provide complexing and environmental regulation capabilities during the formulation of the working emulsion, thereby reducing the adverse effects of fluctuations in the quality of makeup water on the emulsion system, stabilizing the state of the oil phase emulsion particles, and improving the consistency of oil application. Based on the total mass of the aqueous phase, by weight percentage, the aqueous phase includes: 0.1-20% complexing components, 0.01-2% pH adjuster, and the balance water.

[0035] It is understandable that the purpose of introducing complexing components into the aqueous phase is to reduce the interference of metal ions in the makeup water on the emulsion system and deposition behavior. In actual production, the makeup water often contains Ca. + Mg + and trace Fe + Cu + These metal ions may react with anionic surfactants in the emulsion system to form insoluble salts or cause changes in the interfacial film structure, leading to emulsion flocculation, particle size drift, or localized demulsification. Fluctuations in the emulsion state directly cause fluctuations in the deposition amount of effective components in the oil phase per unit time, manifesting as unstable oil application and uneven oil film thickness, thus resulting in uneven subsequent staining.

[0036] The complexing component reduces the activity of free metal ions by forming stable complexes with metal ions, thereby inhibiting the above-mentioned adverse effects. This makes the working emulsion less prone to flocculation and precipitation, the emulsion particles finer and more stably distributed, and the emulsion state drift less during recycling. As a result, the oil phase deposition is more consistent, forming a more uniform oil film coverage, reducing wetting and exhaustion differences during dyeing from the source.

[0037] Preferably, the complexing component includes one or more of phosphonate complexing agents and aminocarboxylate complexing agents; wherein, the phosphonate complexing agent includes one or more of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, aminotrimethylidene phosphonic acid, and diethylenetriaminepentamethylidene phosphonic acid; it has a strong complexing ability for hardness ions and polyvalent metal ions, and generally maintains a good complexing effect over a wide pH range. It can rapidly reduce the activity of free metal ions, which is more helpful in inhibiting flocculation and sedimentation and interfacial film damage under hard water conditions, and is suitable for the stability requirements of working emulsions under complex water quality conditions. The aminocarboxylate complexing agent includes one or more of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, glutamic acid diacetic acid, and methylglycine diacetic acid; it has good complexing selectivity and complexing stability, can provide stable complexation for various metal ions, and has better compatibility with the system under certain conditions. Selectively combining aminocarboxylate and phosphonate can achieve coverage and synergy of different metal ions, thereby improving the adaptability of the water relative to water quality disturbances and further reducing emulsion state fluctuations.

[0038] pH adjusters are used to maintain the aqueous phase and the final working emulsion within a suitable pH window, ensuring the complexed components retain their effective complexation form and reducing interfacial property changes caused by pH fluctuations in the emulsion system. The pH of water added during production may fluctuate. If the pH deviates from the appropriate range, it may lead to a decrease in the complexation efficiency of some complexing agents or changes in the ionization state of surfactants, resulting in changes in emulsion particle size and decreased stability. By using alkaline adjusters such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate, and acidic adjusters such as citric acid and acetic acid, or by using a phosphate buffer system, the system pH can be made more controllable, thus ensuring a consistent interfacial environment and dispersion state of the working emulsion during preparation and recycling. The overall benefits are still reflected in a smoother oiling process, a more uniform oil film, and better color consistency.

[0039] In specific implementation, the preparation of the aqueous phase includes: dissolving the complexing component in water, adding a pH adjuster, and then performing a third stirring treatment to obtain the aqueous phase.

[0040] It is understandable that dissolving the complexing component in water and then performing a third stirring treatment after adding a pH adjuster ensures that the complexing component is fully dissolved and uniformly dispersed in the aqueous phase, establishing a stable complexing functional concentration field. This avoids functional heterogeneity caused by localized high concentrations or undissolved particles, and subsequent emulsion instability. The dissolution and dispersion state of the complexing component in water directly determines its effective complexing ability for metal ions. If dissolution is insufficient or localized agglomeration exists, the spatial distribution of complexing ability will be uneven after adding supplementary water, resulting in some areas still having high free metal ion activity. This may induce flocculation, particle size drift, or localized demulsification in the working emulsion, ultimately leading to fluctuations in oil loading and uneven oil film. By setting the third stirring speed to 200-1200 rpm and the time to 5-60 min, the complexing component is rapidly wetted, dissolved, and the concentration gradient is eliminated, while avoiding slow dissolution or localized deposition due to excessively low shear. This speed and time window covers the mixing intensity required from low-viscosity aqueous solutions to systems containing certain functional components, facilitating repeatable aqueous phase homogeneity under different batch and equipment conditions.

[0041] Preferably, a pH adjuster is added to the aqueous phase and the pH is controlled within the range of 6.0-9.0. This primarily serves to maintain the complexing components in a more effective chemical form and improve their complexation efficiency, while also enhancing the compatibility stability between the aqueous phase and the subsequent emulsion system. Furthermore, pH fluctuations can affect the interfacial behavior and ionization state of surfactants in the emulsion system, causing changes in interfacial film strength and consequently leading to fluctuations in emulsion particle size. Controlling the aqueous phase pH within the range of 6.0-9.0 ensures the effectiveness of the complexing function while avoiding compatibility risks caused by excessive acidity or alkalinity, thus making it easier for the working emulsion to achieve a stable emulsion state under different water quality conditions.

[0042] Furthermore, after the third stirring treatment, the aqueous phase undergoes a second filtration treatment with a precision of 1-10μm. The purpose is to remove insoluble matter, particulate impurities, locally undissolved complexing agent particles, and possible metal corrosion particles from the aqueous phase, thereby improving the cleanliness and functional consistency of the aqueous phase.

[0043] This application sets the oil phase and aqueous phase as independent and packages them separately, improving system stability and controllability in use, and avoiding compatibility issues and storage drift at high concentrations. The oil phase contains interfacial active components such as base oil and emulsion system, while the aqueous phase contains complexing agents and pH adjusters. If the two coexist for a long time, changes in the surfactant aggregation state, changes in the local electrolyte environment, and microstructural changes caused by the effect of complexing agents on trace metals or impurities in the system may occur, leading to viscosity drift, stratification, precipitation, or decreased emulsifying ability. Separate packaging allows the oil phase to maintain a stable premixed state and the aqueous phase to maintain a stable aqueous solution state, reducing uncontrollable changes during storage.

[0044] When using this solution, the oil phase should have a mass fraction of 0.5-15%, the aqueous phase 0.05-5%, and the remainder water. First, disperse the oil phase with the added water, then add the aqueous phase. This allows the complexation and pH regulation to take effect immediately during the emulsification process, which is more conducive to quickly establishing a stable interfacial film and stable particle size distribution under complex water quality conditions, reducing batch-to-batch fluctuations during preparation. This makes the oil phase deposition process more continuous and the oil application more stable, resulting in a more uniform oil film that directly contributes to the goal of dyeing uniformity.

[0045] In addition, the individual packaging allows the dosage and composition of the aqueous functional liquid to be adapted within a certain range. For example, the proportion of water added can be adjusted for different hardness or pH, while not damaging the main lubricating film-forming system of the oil phase. This ensures that similar working emulsion state and oiling effect can still be obtained under different water quality conditions in different regions or batches, improving dyeing consistency and batch stability.

[0046] By stabilizing the replenished water environment with aqueous complexing components and pH adjusters, the oil phase emulsion particles in the working emulsion exhibit more stable particle size, less flocculation and sedimentation, and a lower risk of demulsification. This results in more uniform spreading and deposition of the oil phase on the fiber surface, and a more consistent oil film thickness and composition. This consistent oil film reduces wetting and mass transfer differences between different fiber segments during subsequent dyeing, lowering the probability of dyeing defects such as color difference and streaks, and improving dyeing uniformity and finished product consistency.

[0047] Example 1 This embodiment provides a polyester FDY oil agent for uniform dyeing and its preparation method, the preparation method including: Preparation of oil phase: Based on the total mass of the oil phase, polyether modified fatty acid ester and pentaerythritol fatty acid ester were added to the reactor at a total of 82.5%, heated at 50°C, and stirred at 500 rpm for 30 min to obtain heated oil. During the second stirring treatment at 900 rpm for 30 min, 13.5% AEO-9, 1.5% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate potassium salt, 2% polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polyether, 0.2% polyether modified siloxane defoamer, 0.2% BIT, and 0.1% Irganox 1010 were added sequentially to the heated oil to obtain an oil phase mixture; The oil phase mixture was subjected to a first filtration process with a precision of 5 μm to obtain the oil phase. Preparation of aqueous phase: Based on the total mass of the aqueous phase, 2.0% HEDP and 3.0% MGDA salts were dissolved in water, and then 0.2% sodium hydroxide solution was added to adjust the volume to 7.5. The mixture was stirred at 600 rpm for 20 min, and then filtered with a precision of 5 μm to obtain the aqueous phase. Preparation of working emulsion: Take water, first add oil phase to make the oil phase mass fraction 5.0%, stir and disperse at 800 rpm for 10 min; then add water phase to make the water phase mass fraction 1.0%, stir and mix at 400 rpm for 5 min to obtain working emulsion for oiling polyester FDY.

[0048] Example 2 This embodiment provides a polyester FDY oil agent for uniform dyeing and its preparation method, the preparation method including: Preparation of oil phase: Based on the total mass of the oil phase, pentaerythritol fatty acid ester and neopentyl glycol fatty acid ester were added to the reactor at a total of 90.0%, heated at 40°C, and stirred at 300 rpm for 15 min to obtain heated oil. During the second stirring treatment at 500 rpm for 15 min, 7.55% AEO-7, 0.4% sodium alkyl sulfate, 0.05% sodium polyacrylate dispersant, 0.5% polyether modified siloxane defoamer, 1.0% CMIT, and 0.5% Irganox 1076 were added sequentially to the heated oil to obtain an oil phase mixture; The oil phase was obtained by first filtration with a filtration accuracy of 10 μm. Preparation of aqueous phase: Based on the total mass of the aqueous phase, 0.1% disodium EDTA was dissolved in water, and 0.1% citric acid was added to adjust the volume to 6.0. The mixture was then stirred at 200 rpm for 5 min and then filtered with a precision of 10 μm to obtain the aqueous phase. Preparation of working emulsion: Take water, first add oil phase to make the oil phase mass fraction 8.0%, stir and disperse at 800 rpm for 10 min; then add water phase to make the water phase mass fraction 3.0%, stir and mix at 400 rpm for 5 min to obtain working emulsion for oiling polyester FDY.

[0049] Example 3 This embodiment provides a polyester FDY oil agent for uniform dyeing and its preparation method, the preparation method including: Preparation of oil phase: Based on the total mass of the oil phase, polyether ester and fatty acid ester were added to the reactor at a total of 68.0%, heated at 60°C, and stirred at 800 rpm for 45 min to obtain heated oil; During the second stirring treatment at 1200 rpm for 60 min, 20% polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polyether nonionic surfactant, 5.0% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate salt, 5.0% polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polyether, 0.6% polyether modified siloxane defoamer, 0.8% CMIT, and 0.6% Irganox 1076 were added sequentially to the heated oil to obtain an oil phase mixture; The oil phase was obtained by first filtration with a filtration accuracy of 1μm. Preparation of aqueous phase: Based on the total mass of the aqueous phase, 10.0% DTPMP and 10.0% GLDA salt were dissolved in water, and 2.0% sodium carbonate was added to adjust the volume to 9.0. The mixture was then stirred at 1200 rpm for 60 min and then filtered with a precision of 1 μm to obtain the aqueous phase. Preparation of working emulsion: Take water, first add oil phase to make the oil phase mass fraction 3.0%, stir and disperse at 800 rpm for 10 min; then add water phase to make the water phase mass fraction 0.5%, stir and mix at 400 rpm for 5 min to obtain working emulsion for oiling polyester FDY.

[0050] Example 4 This embodiment provides a polyester FDY oil agent for uniform dyeing and its preparation method. The preparation method is as shown in Example 1, except that: In the preparation of the oil phase: based on the total mass of the oil phase, the base oil was added to the reactor at a total of 84.99%; during the second stirring process, 9.2% AEO-9, 0.8% alkyl sulfonate, 5.0% polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polyether and 0.01% Irganox 1010 were added to the heated oil in sequence. In the preparation of the aqueous phase: based on the total mass of the aqueous phase, 4.0% ATMP and 4.0% MGDA salts were dissolved in water.

[0051] Example 5 This embodiment provides a polyester FDY oil agent for uniform dyeing and its preparation method. The preparation method is as shown in Example 1, except that: In the preparation of the oil phase: based on the total mass of the oil phase, the base oil is added to the reactor at a total of 88.0%; during the second stirring process, 4.75% AEO-9, 0.25% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate potassium salt, 5.0% polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polyether, 1% polyether modified siloxane defoamer, and 1% BIT are added to the heated oil in sequence.

[0052] Example 6 This embodiment provides a polyester FDY oil agent for uniform dyeing and its preparation method. The preparation method is as shown in Example 1, except that: In the preparation of the oil phase: based on the total mass of the oil phase, the base oil is added to the reactor at a total of 60.0%; during the second stirring process, 13.5% AEO-9, 11.5% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate potassium salt, 5% polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polyether, 1% polyether modified siloxane defoamer, 0.5% BIT, and 0.5% Irganox 1010 are added to the heated oil in sequence.

[0053] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a uniformly dyed polyester FDY oil and its preparation method. The preparation method is as shown in Example 1, except that: in the preparation of the working emulsion, only the oil phase is added to the supplementary water and stirred to disperse, that is, no aqueous phase is added.

[0054] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a uniformly dyed polyester FDY oil and its preparation method, which is as shown in Example 1, except that the aqueous phase contains only a pH adjuster and water, i.e., no complexing agent.

[0055] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a uniformly dyed polyester FDY oil and its preparation method, which is as shown in Example 1, except that: in the aqueous phase of preparation, only 5.0% complexing component is included, and no pH adjuster is added.

[0056] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a uniformly dyed polyester FDY oil and its preparation method. The preparation method is as shown in Example 1, except that: in the preparation of the working emulsion, the aqueous phase is added to the replenished water first, and then the oil phase is added.

[0057] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example provides a uniformly dyed polyester FDY oil and its preparation method, which is as shown in Example 1, except that in the preparation of the oil phase, the emulsification system is adjusted to use an anionic surfactant alone.

[0058] Performance testing Based on CaCO3, the hardness of the added water was 50, 200, and 400 mg / L. The hardness could be prepared by CaCl2 and MgC2. Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were prepared according to the working emulsion at different hardness levels, and the following performance tests were performed. Standing stability: The working emulsions of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were placed in a graduated cylinder and left to stand at 25°C for 24 hours. The results were observed and recorded. Centrifugation acceleration stability: Take 50 mL of working emulsion and centrifuge at 3000 rpm for 15 min; Particle size: D50 and PDI were measured; Table 1 As shown in Table 1, Examples 1-6 exhibited lower stratification height, less sedimentation, significantly reduced centrifugal sedimentation, smaller D50, and lower PDI under hard water conditions.

[0059] Circulating shear: Prepare the working emulsion by adding water with a hardness of 200 mg / L, place the working emulsion in a circulation tank, circulate it by a centrifugal pump at a temperature of 40℃ for 8 hours, and measure D50 at 0h, 2h, 4h and 8h; record the appearance and calculate the drift rate; Table 2 As shown in Table 2, the particle size drift rate of the system in the example is significantly reduced under shear cycling, indicating that it has better stability for online recycling.

[0060] The working emulsion was prepared by adding water with a hardness of 200 mg / L and running continuously for 2 hours under the same FDY oiling conditions. Ten spindles were taken from each of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5, including the head, middle and tail, for a total of 30 points. The oiling amount was measured by solvent extraction. The average oiling amount, coefficient of variation (CV), head-middle-tail difference, and difference between spindles were calculated. Table 3 As shown in Table 3, the oiling volume CV of Examples 1-6 was significantly reduced and the head-middle-tail difference was smaller, proving that after the working emulsion stability was improved, the oiling deposition was more controllable and the oil film coverage was more uniform.

[0061] The working emulsion was prepared by adding water with a hardness of 200 mg / L. FDY samples after being oiled in each working emulsion were uniformly refined to remove oil, dried, and conditioned for 24 hours. They were then stained in the same bath with the same disperse dye. Ten measuring points were taken from each sample to calculate ΔE, the average value of ΔE, the proportion of abnormal points, and the stripe grade (grade 1 is the best and grade 5 is the worst). Table 4 As shown in Table 4, the embodiment is superior to the comparative example in terms of ΔE difference and stripe grade, indicating that by reducing the differences in wetting, diffusion and exhaustion caused by oil film differences, the present invention can significantly reduce uneven dyeing such as color difference and stripe.

[0062] The working emulsion was prepared by adding water with a hardness of 200 mg / L. The working emulsion was circulated at 40℃ for 8 hours. A 5 μm filter was connected in series, and the change in filtration pressure difference ΔP before and after 8 hours of operation was recorded. After the working emulsion was circulated and sheared for 8 hours, 500 mL was taken and allowed to stand for 24 hours. The emulsion was then filtered, dried, and weighed to obtain the amount of sediment. The number of times the nozzle was blocked was also recorded. Table 5 As shown in Table 5, the ΔP and sediment amount of the embodiment are significantly lower, indicating that the working emulsion is less likely to produce sediment due to flocculation and particle coarsening induced by hard water, which can reduce the risk of pipeline and nozzle blockage and metering fluctuation.

[0063] In summary, this invention utilizes separate aqueous and oil phases, and employs a method of first dispersing the oil phase and then controlling the aqueous phase during the preparation of the working emulsion. This allows the complexation and pH window to play an immediate role in the emulsion formation and recycling process, thereby effectively reducing the adverse effects of water quality fluctuations on the emulsion system and oil deposition behavior. This is something that traditional single-system polyester oiling agents do not possess, thus improving dyeing uniformity and batch consistency.

[0064] Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A polyester FDY oiling agent for uniform dyeing, characterized in that, The FDY oil agent comprises an independent oil phase and an aqueous phase; Based on the total mass of the oil phase, the oil phase comprises, by weight percentage: 60-90% base oil, 5-25% emulsification system, 0.05-5% of the dispersion component, 0.01-2% of additives; Based on the total mass of the aqueous phase, the aqueous phase comprises, by weight percentage: 0.1-20% complexing components, 0.01-2% pH adjuster, And the remaining water.

2. The FDY oil agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base oil includes one or more of fatty acid esters, polyethers, and polyether esters; and / or The dispersing component includes one or more of polyether dispersants and polycarboxylate dispersants; and / or The additives include one or more of the following: defoamers, preservatives, and antioxidants.

3. The FDY oil agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emulsification system includes nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants; The nonionic surfactant includes one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polyether. The anionic surfactant includes one or more of phosphate esters, alkyl sulfonates, and alkyl sulfates.

4. The FDY oiling agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The complexing component includes one or more of phosphonate complexing agents and aminocarboxylate complexing agents; The phosphonate complexing agent includes one or more of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, aminotrimethylphosphonic acid, and diethylenetriaminepentamethylidene phosphonic acid; and / or The aminocarboxylic acid complexing agent includes one or more of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, glutamic acid diacetic acid, and methylglycine diacetic acid.

5. The FDY oiling agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH adjuster includes one or more of the following: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, citric acid, acetic acid, and phosphate buffer system.

6. A method for preparing FDY oil as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Preparation of the oil phase: The base oil is subjected to heat treatment and a first stirring treatment, and then an emulsification system, dispersing components, and additives are added and subjected to a second stirring treatment to obtain the oil phase; Preparation of the aqueous phase: The complexed component is dissolved in water, and then the pH adjuster is added for a third stirring treatment to obtain the aqueous phase.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preparation of the oil phase specifically includes: The base oil is subjected to the heat treatment at 40-60°C and the first stirring treatment at 300-800 rpm for 15-45 minutes to obtain heated oil; During the second stirring process at 500-1200 rpm for 15-60 min, the emulsification system, the dispersing component, and the additives are added sequentially to the heated oil to obtain an oil phase mixture; The oil phase mixture is subjected to a first filtration process with a precision of 1-10 μm to obtain the oil phase.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the preparation of the aqueous phase, The third stirring process is carried out at a speed of 200-1200 rpm for 5-60 min. The pH adjuster adjusts the pH value of the aqueous phase to 6.0-9.

0.

9. The preparation method according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that, In the preparation of the aqueous phase, after the third stirring treatment, the process further includes: performing a second filtration treatment on the aqueous phase, wherein the precision of the second filtration treatment is 1-10 μm.

10. The application of an FDY oiling agent as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The oil phase is added to the replenished water and stirred to disperse it. Then the aqueous phase is added and stirred to mix it, thus obtaining a working emulsion for oiling polyester FDY.

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