Preparation method of oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather
By preparing PVC artificial leather composed of polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer, and chlorinated rubber, and combining it with polyurethane surface layer and foaming embossing process, the problem of traditional PVC artificial leather being prone to cracking under low temperature and oily media has been solved, enabling its application in high-end scenarios.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SAGE-ONF AUTOMOTIVE INTERIOR MATERIAL (JIANGSU) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Traditional PVC calendered artificial leather is prone to cracking in low-temperature and oily environments. Existing improvement solutions suffer from performance sacrifices or increased costs, making it difficult to widely apply in high-end and special scenarios.
Oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather is prepared by using a foamed layer and a surface layer composed of polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer, chlorinated rubber and colorant, which are pressed by a four-roll calender and coated with a polyurethane surface layer and foamed and embossed.
It maintains excellent structural integrity and performance in low-temperature and oil bath environments, without altering the product's feel, and improves the product's wrinkle resistance and lifespan.
Smart Images
Figure CN122013540A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of artificial leather technology, specifically relating to a method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather. Background Technology
[0002] PVC (polyvinyl chloride) calendered artificial leather, with its advantages of low cost, convenient processing and molding, and high degree of appearance simulation, has been widely used in many fields such as automotive interiors, furniture coverings, bag making, and industrial protective equipment, becoming one of the indispensable synthetic materials in modern industrial production and daily life. With the continuous expansion of application scenarios, especially in low-temperature environments (such as outdoor products in cold regions and interiors of cold chain transportation equipment) and oil-contact environments (such as parts in direct contact with human skin), the market has placed more stringent requirements on the oil resistance and low-temperature resistance of PVC calendered artificial leather.
[0003] However, traditional PVC calendered artificial leather faces industry-wide technical challenges due to the inherent structural characteristics of the polymer material and limitations in its manufacturing process. In low-temperature environments below -20°C, the molecular chain mobility decreases, resulting in significantly reduced flexibility and a high susceptibility to cracking and breakage after repeated folding. Furthermore, when the product comes into contact with oily media such as oleic acid, babassu oil, jojoba oil, or squalene, these media can extract plasticizers from the material, causing it to harden and become prone to cracking and damage during subsequent folding or stress. These problems directly impact the product's lifespan and safety, causing significant inconvenience for downstream users in assembly and application, leading to numerous user complaints, and severely restricting the expansion of PVC calendered artificial leather applications in high-end and specialized settings.
[0004] To address the aforementioned cracking issue, the industry has explored various solutions, with two being particularly widespread: First, adding cold-resistant plasticizers to the PVC formulation to improve low-temperature flexibility by lowering the material's glass transition temperature. However, practice has shown that there is a clear upper limit to the amount of cold-resistant plasticizers that can be added; excessive addition leads to decreased mechanical strength, a sticky surface, and, under long-term use or extreme temperature changes, the plasticizer is prone to leaching from the material, causing performance degradation. Second, reducing the foaming ratio of the artificial leather foam layer to increase material density and enhance structural stability. However, this method results in a stiff feel and insufficient softness, significantly deviating from users' core demand for a "leather-like" texture. Furthermore, the increased density increases raw material consumption, significantly raising production costs and reducing the product's market competitiveness.
[0005] Neither of the two improvement solutions mentioned above fundamentally solves the problem of oil and low-temperature cracking in traditional PVC calendered artificial leather, and both have inherent defects such as performance sacrifice, application limitations, or increased costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a PVC calendered artificial leather preparation technology that does not rely on specialized equipment, does not change the original feel and economy of the product, and can maintain excellent structural integrity and performance in environments prone to cracking such as low temperatures and oil baths. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather. The method has a relatively simple process flow, and the product is not prone to cracking in the oil bath.
[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0008] A method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather includes the following steps:
[0009] 1) Preparation of foamed layer and surface layer; the foamed layer and surface layer are made of polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer, chlorinated rubber component and color component. The components are mixed and stirred, and then kneaded into a colloid. The colloid is then pressed into a film by a four-roll calender. The foamed layer and surface layer are then laminated onto the base fabric in sequence to obtain PVC artificial leather calendered semi-finished product.
[0010] 2) Apply a polyurethane surface treatment layer to the PVC artificial leather calendered semi-finished product obtained in step 1) using a gravure printing roller, and then heat and cure it in an oven to form a film, thereby obtaining the PVC artificial leather surface treatment semi-finished product.
[0011] 3) The PVC artificial leather surface treatment semi-finished product obtained in step 2) is foamed and embossed to obtain oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather.
[0012] Further, in step 1), the components of each structural layer of PVC artificial leather by mass parts are: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 90 parts of plasticizer, 10-20 parts of chlorinated rubber, and 5 parts of colorant.
[0013] Furthermore, the plasticizer is selected from one of modified rubber and diphenyl phthalate.
[0014] Furthermore, in step 1), the mixing temperature is 90~100℃, and the dispersion time is 5min.
[0015] Furthermore, in step 1), the temperature control of the internal mixer is 130~150℃, the mixing time of the foaming layer is 7.5min, and the mixing time of the surface layer is 12min.
[0016] Further, in step 1), the temperature of each roller of the four-roll calender corresponding to the foaming layer is set as follows: front roller 165~175℃, upper roller 160~170℃, middle roller 155~165℃, and lower roller 150~160℃.
[0017] Further, in step 1), the temperature of each roll of the four-roll calender corresponding to the surface layer is set as follows: front roll 180~190℃, upper roll 180~190℃, middle roll 165~175℃, and lower roll 160~170℃.
[0018] Furthermore, in step 2), the drying temperature of the oven is 100~125℃, and the drying time is 1.5min.
[0019] Furthermore, in step 3), the foaming temperature is 190~200℃ and the foaming time is 2.5min.
[0020] Furthermore, in step 3), the embossing temperature is 150~160℃ and the embossing time is 1-2s.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0022] (1) The present invention produces oil-resistant and low-temperature calendered PVC artificial leather through a calendering process similar to that of traditional artificial leather manufacturing. Compared with traditional PVC artificial leather on the market, it does not require special equipment for production and does not require the use of other raw materials that would change the feel of the product, thus avoiding the limitations of product use.
[0023] (2) The process of this invention is relatively simple. The product exhibits excellent performance in various crack-prone environments such as oil bath and -20℃ low temperature, giving customers a wider range of application scenarios. In addition, the introduction of modified rubber can significantly improve the wrinkle resistance of the product. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solutions of the present invention, and it should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather of this application. The surface treatment layer, foaming layer and top layer are sequentially bonded to the base fabric to obtain the oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather.
[0027] Example 1
[0028] A method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather includes the following steps:
[0029] (1) By weight, 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 90 parts of diphenyl phthalate (DPHP) plasticizer, 20 parts of chlorinated rubber and 5 parts of colorant are put into a mixer, the mixing temperature is set to 90~100℃, and the mixture is dispersed and stirred for 5 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture. The mixture is fed into an internal mixer in batches, and the internal mixing temperature is set to 140~150℃. The foaming layer material is internally mixed for 7.5 minutes and the surface layer material is internally mixed for 12 minutes to obtain a uniform colloid.
[0030] (2) The colloid after internal mixing is fed into a four-roll calender. The temperature of the four rolls corresponding to the foaming layer is set as follows: front roll 165~175℃, upper roll 160~170℃, middle roll 155~165℃, lower roll 150~160℃. The temperature of the four rolls corresponding to the surface layer is set as follows: front roll 180~190℃, upper roll 180~190℃, middle roll 165~175℃, lower roll 160~170℃. The foaming layer and surface layer after being pressed into film are then bonded to the base fabric to obtain the PVC artificial leather calendered semi-finished product.
[0031] (3) Apply a polyurethane surface treatment layer to the surface of the calendered semi-finished product using a gravure printing roller, send it into an oven, set the drying temperature to 100~125℃, and the drying time to 1.5min. After curing into a film, the surface-treated semi-finished product is obtained.
[0032] (4) The surface treatment semi-finished product is fed into the foaming equipment, the foaming temperature is set to 190~200℃, the foaming time is 2.5min, and then the texturing treatment is carried out. The texturing temperature is 150~160℃, the texturing time is 1.5s, and oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather is obtained.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] A method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather includes the following steps:
[0035] The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), the mixing temperature is 130~140℃, and oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather is obtained.
[0036] Example 3
[0037] A method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather includes the following steps:
[0038] The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of chlorinated rubber is 10 parts, and oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather is obtained.
[0039] Comparative Example 1
[0040] (1) By weight, 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 110 parts of 911P plasticizer and 5 parts of colorant are put into a mixer, the mixing temperature is set to 90~100℃, and the mixture is dispersed and stirred for 5 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture. The mixture is fed into an internal mixer in batches, and the internal mixing temperature is set to 140~150℃. The foaming layer material is internally mixed for 7.5 minutes and the surface layer material is internally mixed for 12 minutes to obtain a uniform colloid.
[0041] (2) The colloid after internal mixing is fed into a four-roll calender. The temperature of the four rolls corresponding to the foaming layer is set as follows: front roll 165~175℃, upper roll 160~170℃, middle roll 155~165℃, lower roll 150~160℃. The temperature of the four rolls corresponding to the surface layer is set as follows: front roll 180~190℃, upper roll 180~190℃, middle roll 165~175℃, lower roll 160~170℃. The foaming layer and surface layer after being pressed into film are then bonded to the base fabric to obtain the PVC artificial leather calendered semi-finished product.
[0042] (3) Apply a polyurethane surface treatment layer to the surface of the calendered semi-finished product using a gravure printing roller, send it into an oven, set the drying temperature to 100~125℃, and the drying time to 1.5min. After curing into a film, the surface-treated semi-finished product is obtained.
[0043] (4) The surface treatment semi-finished product is fed into the foaming equipment, the foaming temperature is set to 190~200℃, the foaming time is 2.5min, and then the texturing treatment is carried out. The texturing temperature is 150~160℃, the texturing time is 1.5s, and oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather is obtained.
[0044] Comparative Example 2
[0045] (1) By weight, 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 120 parts of 911P plasticizer and 5 parts of colorant are put into a mixer, the mixing temperature is set to 90~100℃, and the mixture is dispersed and stirred for 5 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture. The mixture is fed into an internal mixer in batches, and the internal mixing temperature is set to 140~150℃. The foaming layer material is internally mixed for 7.5 minutes and the surface layer material is internally mixed for 12 minutes to obtain a uniform colloid.
[0046] (2) The colloid after internal mixing is fed into a four-roll calender. The temperature of the four rolls corresponding to the foaming layer is set as follows: front roll 165~175℃, upper roll 160~170℃, middle roll 155~165℃, lower roll 150~160℃. The temperature of the four rolls corresponding to the surface layer is set as follows: front roll 180~190℃, upper roll 180~190℃, middle roll 165~175℃, lower roll 160~170℃. The foaming layer and surface layer after being pressed into film are then bonded to the base fabric to obtain the PVC artificial leather calendered semi-finished product.
[0047] (3) Apply a polyurethane surface treatment layer to the surface of the calendered semi-finished product using a gravure printing roller, send it into an oven, set the drying temperature to 100~125℃, and the drying time to 1.5min. After curing into a film, the surface-treated semi-finished product is obtained.
[0048] (4) The surface treatment semi-finished product is fed into the foaming equipment, the foaming temperature is set to 190~200℃, the foaming time is 2.5min, and then the texturing treatment is carried out. The texturing temperature is 150~160℃, the texturing time is 1.5s, and oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather is obtained.
[0049] Comparative Example 3
[0050] (1) By weight, 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 120 parts of 911P plasticizer and 5 parts of colorant are put into a mixer, the mixing temperature is set to 90~100℃, and the mixture is dispersed and stirred for 5 minutes to obtain a uniform mixture. The mixture is fed into an internal mixer in batches, and the internal mixing temperature is set to 155~160℃. The foaming layer material is internally mixed for 7.5 minutes and the surface material is internally mixed for 12 minutes to obtain a uniform colloid.
[0051] (2) The colloid after internal mixing is fed into a four-roll calender. The temperature of the four rolls corresponding to the foaming layer is set as follows: front roll 165~175℃, upper roll 160~170℃, middle roll 155~165℃, lower roll 150~160℃. The temperature of the four rolls corresponding to the surface layer is set as follows: front roll 180~190℃, upper roll 180~190℃, middle roll 165~175℃, lower roll 160~170℃. The foaming layer and surface layer after being pressed into film are then bonded to the base fabric to obtain the PVC artificial leather calendered semi-finished product.
[0052] (3) Apply a polyurethane surface treatment layer to the surface of the calendered semi-finished product using a gravure printing roller, send it into an oven, set the drying temperature to 100~125℃, and the drying time to 1.5min. After curing into a film, the surface-treated semi-finished product is obtained.
[0053] (4) The surface treatment semi-finished product is fed into the foaming equipment, the foaming temperature is set to 190~200℃, the foaming time is 2.5min, and then the texturing treatment is carried out. The texturing temperature is 150~160℃, the texturing time is 1.5s, and oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather is obtained.
[0054] The oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leathers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to performance tests. Bending resistance and low-temperature resistance were tested at -20℃ for 50,000 cycles, and oil bath resistance for 100,000 cycles, according to QBT 2714-2005. Oil bath conditions: 12 mL of equal amounts of babassu / jojoba / squalene; 40℃. 72h; 100,000 cycles at room temperature; sample size: 340. 250mm; Cotton fabric size: 297 210mm; Glass plate size: 297 210 3mm, load capacity 450g; Note: After oil bath, the surface oil needs to be wiped dry with a dry cloth. Bally Flex. Results are shown in Table 1.
[0055] Table 1. Performance tests of oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3.
[0056]
[0057] As can be seen from Table 1,
[0058] In Examples 1 and 2, under the same formulation (90 parts DPHP + 20 parts chlorinated rubber), a low mixing temperature leads to test failure.
[0059] In Examples 1 and 3, under the same process parameters, insufficient addition of chlorinated rubber would lead to test failure.
[0060] Comparative Examples 1-3 showed that even without the addition of chlorinated rubber, the tests failed even when using the best-performing phthalate 911P currently on the market, increasing its dosage, and raising the mixing temperature.
[0061] As can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2, under the same process parameters, adding an appropriate proportion of chlorinated rubber will pass the test.
[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: 1) Preparation of foamed layer and surface layer; the foamed layer and surface layer are made of polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer, chlorinated rubber component and color component. The components are mixed and stirred, and then kneaded into a colloid. The colloid is then pressed into a film by a four-roll calender. The foamed layer and surface layer are then laminated onto the base fabric in sequence to obtain PVC artificial leather calendered semi-finished product. 2) Apply a polyurethane surface treatment layer to the PVC artificial leather calendered semi-finished product obtained in step 1) using a gravure printing roller, and then heat and cure it in an oven to obtain the PVC artificial leather surface treatment semi-finished product. 3) The PVC artificial leather surface treatment semi-finished product obtained in step 2) is foamed and embossed to obtain oil-resistant and low-temperature resistant calendered PVC artificial leather.
2. The method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the components of each structural layer of PVC artificial leather by mass parts are: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 90 parts of plasticizer, 10-20 parts of chlorinated rubber, and 5 parts of colorant.
3. The method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plasticizer is selected from one of modified rubber and diphenyl phthalate.
4. The method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the mixing temperature is 90~100℃ and the dispersion time is 5min.
5. The method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the temperature control of the internal mixer is 130~150℃, the mixing time of the foaming layer is 7.5min, and the mixing time of the surface layer is 12min.
6. The method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the temperature of each roller corresponding to the foaming layer of the four-roll calender is set as follows: front roller 165~175℃, upper roller 160~170℃, middle roller 155~165℃, and lower roller 150~160℃.
7. The method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the temperature of each roll of the four-roll calender corresponding to the surface layer is set as follows: front roll 180~190℃, upper roll 180~190℃, middle roll 165~175℃, and lower roll 160~170℃.
8. The method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the drying temperature of the oven is 100~125℃ and the drying time is 1.5min.
9. The method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the foaming temperature is 190~200℃ and the foaming time is 2.5min.
10. The method for preparing oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the embossing temperature is 150~160℃ and the embossing time is 1-2s.