Self-adaptive grading energy consumption type rock wall anchoring system and folding and unfolding inflatable residential cabin

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-adaptive graded energy dissipation type rock wall anchoring system and a folding and unfolding inflatable residential cabin, which comprise an anchoring assembly, a buffer assembly, an inhaul cable and a prestress adjusting assembly, and realize stable anchoring of a folding and unfolding framework inflatable structure in a lunar lava pipe environment. The anchoring assembly is tightly combined with a rock wall drill hole in an expansion mode, and basic anchoring force is provided for the system. The buffering assembly is arranged in the sliding cavity and can absorb environment energy to achieve graded energy consumption when the local rock wall is slightly shocked. Reliable connection between the anchoring assembly and the prestress adjusting assembly is achieved through the inhaul cable. The prestress adjusting assembly adjusts the prestress of the inhaul cable to counteract stress fluctuation caused by factors such as environment deformation and temperature change. The technical problem that an anchoring structure needs to give consideration to both stability and adaptability in special environments such as low gravity, high radiation and easy slight shock of the moon is solved, and a core guarantee is provided for safe deployment of a folding and unfolding framework inflatable structure in the lunar lava tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of deep space exploration and geotechnical engineering, specifically to an adaptive graded energy-consuming rock wall anchoring system and a foldable inflatable habitation capsule. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of long-term lunar habitation and deep space exploration missions, utilizing lunar lava tubes as natural protective spaces to construct permanent bases has become an important research direction. Lava tubes possess excellent radiation shielding and micrometeorite protection capabilities, but their internal rock wall structures exhibit the following typical characteristics: highly heterogeneous rock composition and mechanical properties, with hidden fissures and loose layers; long-term exposure to extreme diurnal temperature cycles, making the rock walls and structural materials prone to thermal stress; and the risk of lunar microseismic activity and potential local collapse, placing high reliability requirements on structural connection nodes.

[0003] Existing space structure anchoring technologies mostly use rigid anchors or single prestressed cable structures, which have the following shortcomings: rigid anchors are prone to stress concentration under micro-vibrations and temperature differences, leading to fatigue damage or pull-out failure, and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the stress requirements of the base at different inflation and deployment stages; and lack effective energy dissipation and buffering mechanisms when there is micro-displacement of local rock walls or initial damage.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide an adaptive, graded, energy-consuming rock wall anchoring system that can work for a long time in the complex environment of lunar lava tubes while taking into account both flexibility and structural strength is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention aims to provide an adaptive graded energy-consuming rock wall anchoring system and a foldable inflatable living cabin, thereby solving at least one of the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive, graded, energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system for anchoring a folded skeleton inflatable structure into the hollow cavity of a lunar lava tube. The anchoring system comprises: An anchoring assembly for expanding and anchoring into a borehole in the inner wall of the lunar lava tube, the anchoring assembly having a sliding cavity inside; A buffer assembly, disposed within the sliding cavity, is used to absorb environmental energy for the anchoring assembly during localized rock wall micro-vibrations. A cable, one end of which is fixedly connected to the end of the anchoring assembly away from the rock face; A prestress adjustment component, one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the cable and the other end of which is rotatably connected to a node of the inflatable folding skeleton structure of the folding skeleton, is used to adjust the prestress of the cable.

[0007] Preferably, the anchoring assembly includes: A central anchor core, wherein the sliding cavity is provided inside the central anchor core; A tapered end, one end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the central anchor core, and the diameter of the tapered end gradually increases along the axis away from the central anchor core; A multi-stage expansion anchor is movably sleeved around the central anchor core. The inner diameter of the multi-stage expansion anchor is smaller than the outer diameter of the conical end. The sidewall of the multi-stage expansion anchor near the conical end is provided with several expansion grooves evenly spaced along the axial direction. The other end of the central anchor core is fixedly connected to the cable.

[0008] Preferably, the multi-stage expansion anchor includes: a buffer layer, an outer expansion unit, a middle expansion unit, and an inner expansion unit; the elastic modulus of the buffer layer decreases progressively from the inside to the outside; the inner expansion unit, the middle expansion unit, and the outer expansion unit are arranged in layers along the radial direction of the central anchor core to form a composite cylindrical structure; the buffer layer is respectively disposed between adjacent expansion units, the inner expansion unit is sleeved on the periphery of the central anchor core, and the inner sidewall of the inner expansion unit near the conical end is provided with a guide cone surface, the maximum inner diameter of the guide cone surface being smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the conical end.

[0009] Preferably, the rigidity of the inner expansion unit, the intermediate expansion unit, and the outer expansion unit decreases sequentially, while the elastic modulus increases sequentially.

[0010] Preferably, the buffer component includes: A solid rod is built into the sliding cavity. The outer side wall of the solid rod is uniformly provided with a number of grooves along the circumference, and the inner side wall of the sliding cavity is provided with a number of grooves corresponding to the grooves. A shape memory alloy spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the solid rod and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding cavity away from the tapered end; A metal rubber ring is fitted around the outer periphery of the solid rod, and the outer surface of the metal rubber ring contacts the inner wall of the sliding cavity and forms a frictional connection. A preload spring adapted to the number of grooves, one end of the preload spring being fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the grooves; The number of retaining beads is adapted to the number of pre-tensioning springs. One retaining bead is fixedly connected to the other end of one of the pre-tensioning springs, and the retaining bead abuts against one of the grooves under the elastic force of the pre-tensioning spring.

[0011] Preferably, the cable comprises: The core support layer is composed of nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy wire bundles; An external braided reinforcement layer, which covers the periphery of the core bearing layer, is formed by a mixture of basalt fiber and carbon fiber; A protective coating is applied to the outer surface of the external woven reinforcement layer. The protective coating is made of a vacuum-resistant and radiation-resistant polymer material.

[0012] Preferably, the prestress adjustment assembly includes: A hollow shell, wherein a through hole is provided on the left side of the hollow shell; A rack and a slider are provided, wherein the slider is slidably connected to the bottom inner wall of the hollow shell, and the rack is fixedly disposed on the top of the slider; the other end of the cable passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the left end of the rack. A first adjusting spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the right end of the rack, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right side of the hollow shell. A connecting rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the hollow shell; A pawl, the upper part of which is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting rod, and the lower part of which is adapted to the serrations of the rack; The second adjusting spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. One end of the second adjusting spring is fixedly connected to the housing, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower right end of the pawl. The second adjusting spring is in a naturally extended state. The control module is fixedly installed inside the hollow housing and electrically connected to the first adjusting spring and the second adjusting spring, respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the right end of the hollow shell is rotatably connected to the node of the unfolded skeleton structure via a ball joint.

[0014] Preferably, the anchoring system further includes: A stress sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the central anchor core to monitor the anchoring stress of the central anchor core. A displacement sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the solid rod to monitor the sliding displacement of the solid rod. A temperature sensor, which is fixedly mounted on the anchor cable, is used to monitor the ambient temperature of the cable and determine the current stress of the cable based on the ambient temperature. The stress sensor, displacement sensor, and temperature sensor are all communicatively connected to the control module.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also provides a foldable inflatable living cabin, comprising: The structure comprises a folded-out inflatable skeleton structure and several adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring systems as described in the first aspect. The number of anchoring systems is adapted to the number of nodes of the folded-out inflatable skeleton structure. Each anchoring system is rotatably connected to one node of the folded-out skeleton structure. The anchoring systems are used to anchor the folded-out inflatable skeleton structure into the hollow cavity of the lunar lava tube.

[0016] Beneficial effects: This invention provides an adaptive, graded, energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system for a foldable inflatable habitation module, specifically comprising: an anchoring component, a buffer component, a cable, and a prestress adjustment component; the anchoring component is used to expand and anchor itself in a borehole within the inner wall of a lunar lava tube, and a sliding cavity is provided within the anchoring component; the buffer component is disposed within the sliding cavity and is used to absorb environmental energy for the anchoring component during localized rock wall micro-vibrations; one end of the cable is fixedly connected to the end of the anchoring component away from the rock wall; one end of the prestress adjustment component is fixedly connected to the other end of the cable, and the other end is rotatably connected to a node of the foldable frame inflatable structure, used to adjust the prestress of the cable.

[0017] Specifically, this application achieves stable anchoring of a folded-frame inflatable structure in a lunar lava tube environment through the coordinated design of anchoring components, buffering components, cables, and prestressing adjustment components. The anchoring components, through expansion, tightly integrate with the borehole in the rock wall, providing the basic anchoring force for the entire system. The buffering components, with their built-in sliding cavities, actively absorb environmental energy during localized micro-vibrations in the rock wall, achieving graded energy dissipation and effectively reducing the impact of vibration on the anchoring structure, preventing vibration transmission to the folded-frame inflatable structure and subsequent damage. The cables, acting as force transmission carriers, ensure a reliable connection between the anchoring components and the prestressing adjustment components. The prestressing adjustment components, through dynamic adjustment of the cable prestress, can offset stress fluctuations caused by environmental deformation, temperature changes, and other factors, ensuring the anchoring system is always in an optimal stress state. These components form a complementary organic whole, capable of long-term operation in the complex environment of a lunar lava tube. This solves the technical challenge of balancing stability and adaptability in anchoring structures within the special environment of low gravity, high radiation, and susceptibility to micro-vibrations on the moon, providing a core guarantee for the safe deployment of folded-frame inflatable structures within lunar lava tubes.

[0018] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the anchoring assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the prestress adjustment component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the foldable inflatable living cabin provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0021] Figure label: 1. Anchoring components; 11. Central anchor core; 111. Sliding cavity; 1111, Tank body; 12. Tapered end; 13. Multi-stage expansion anchors; 131. Buffer layer; 132. External expansion unit; 133. Intermediate expansion unit; 134. Inner-level expansion unit; 1341. Guiding cone surface; 2. Buffer components; 21. Solid rod; 211. Groove; 22. Shape memory alloy springs; 23. Metal rubber ring; 24. Preload spring; 25. Card beads; 3. Cables; 4. Prestressing adjustment components; 41. Hollow shell; 411. Through hole; 42. Gear rack; 43. Slider; 44. First adjusting spring; 45. Connecting rod; 46. ​​Racket; 47. Second adjusting spring; 48. Control module; 5. Temperature sensor; 6. Foldable frame inflatable structure; 7. The wall of a lunar lava tube; 8. Lava tube skylight. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1 Please see Figure 1-3 This embodiment provides an adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system for anchoring a folded skeleton inflatable structure into the hollow cavity of a lunar lava tube. The anchoring system includes: an anchoring component 1, a buffer component 2, a cable 3, and a prestress adjustment component 4. The anchoring component 1 is used to expand and anchor in a borehole in the inner wall of the lunar lava tube, and a sliding cavity 111 is provided inside the anchoring component 1. The buffer component 2 is provided inside the sliding cavity 111 and is used to absorb environmental energy for the anchoring component 1 during local rock wall micro-vibrations. One end of the cable 3 is fixedly connected to the end of the anchoring component 1 away from the rock wall. One end of the prestress adjustment component 4 is fixedly connected to the other end of the cable 3, and the other end is rotatably connected to the folded skeleton structure node of the folded skeleton inflatable structure 6, for adjusting the prestress of the cable 3.

[0024] Specifically, this application achieves stable anchoring of the folded skeleton inflatable structure 6 in a lunar lava tube environment through the coordinated design of anchoring component 1, buffer component 2, cable 3, and prestress adjustment component 4. Anchoring component 1 is tightly integrated with the rock wall borehole through expansion, providing basic anchoring force for the entire system; buffer component 2 has a built-in sliding cavity 111, which can actively absorb environmental energy during local rock wall micro-vibrations to achieve graded energy dissipation, effectively weakening the impact of vibration on the anchoring structure and preventing vibration from being transmitted to the folded skeleton inflatable structure 6 and causing damage; cable 3, as the force transmission carrier, achieves a reliable connection between anchoring component 1 and prestress adjustment component 4; prestress adjustment component 4, by dynamically adjusting the prestress of cable 3, can offset stress fluctuations caused by environmental deformation, temperature changes, and other factors, ensuring that the anchoring system is always in the optimal stress state. The components form a complementary organic whole, enabling long-term operation in the complex environment of lunar lava tubes. This solves the technical challenge of balancing stability and adaptability in the anchoring structure under the special conditions of low gravity, high radiation, and susceptibility to micro-seismic events on the moon, providing core assurance for the safe deployment of the folded frame inflatable structure 6 inside lunar lava tubes.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the anchoring assembly 1 includes: a central anchor core 11, a tapered end 12, and a multi-stage expansion anchor 13; the central anchor core 11 has a sliding cavity 111 inside; one end of the tapered end 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the central anchor core 11, and the diameter of the tapered end 12 gradually increases along the axial direction away from the central anchor core 11; the multi-stage expansion anchor 13 is movably sleeved on the periphery of the central anchor core 11, the inner diameter of the multi-stage expansion anchor 13 is smaller than the outer diameter of the tapered end 12, and the sidewall of the multi-stage expansion anchor 13 near the tapered end 12 is evenly spaced with a plurality of expansion grooves along the axial direction; wherein, the other end of the central anchor core 11 is fixedly connected to the cable 3.

[0026] Specifically, the reliability of the connection between the anchoring assembly 1 and the rock wall borehole is improved through the cooperation of the central anchor core 11, the conical end 12, and the multi-stage expansion anchors 13. The central anchor core 11 provides an installation carrier for the sliding cavity 111 and serves as the core for force transmission, ensuring that the tension of the cable 3 can be uniformly transmitted. The conical end 12 adopts a diameter gradient design, with its outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the multi-stage expansion anchors 13, which can generate radial expansion force on the multi-stage expansion anchors 13 during installation. The multi-stage expansion anchors 13 have expansion grooves that are evenly spaced axially, allowing the anchors to expand uniformly under the action of the conical end 12, increasing the anchoring friction and biting force. This structural design avoids the stress concentration problem caused by uneven contact in traditional anchoring structures, improves the pull-out resistance and stability of the anchoring assembly 1 in the lunar lava tube rock wall 7, and ensures that the anchoring assembly 1 can withstand the tensile force of the folded skeleton inflatable structure 6 for a long time, adapting to the complex geological environment of the moon.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the multi-stage expansion anchor 13 includes: a buffer layer 131, an outer expansion unit 132, an intermediate expansion unit 133, and an inner expansion unit 134; the elastic modulus of the buffer layer 131 decreases progressively from the inside to the outside; the inner expansion unit 134, the intermediate expansion unit 133, and the outer expansion unit 132 are arranged in layers along the radial direction of the central anchor core 11 to form a composite cylindrical structure; the buffer layer 131 is respectively disposed between adjacent expansion units, the inner expansion unit 134 is sleeved on the periphery of the central anchor core 11, and the inner sidewall of the inner expansion unit 134 near the conical end 12 is provided with a guide cone surface 1341, the maximum inner diameter of the guide cone surface 1341 being smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the conical end 12.

[0028] Specifically, through the layered design of the buffer layer 131 and the inner, middle, and outer three-level expansion units, the anchoring component 1 achieves graded energy dissipation and adaptive bonding functions. The inner, middle, and outer three-level expansion units are arranged radially along the central anchor core 11 to form a composite cylindrical structure. This allows for multi-level bonding based on the flatness of the borehole wall and geological conditions, ensuring stable fixation of the anchor bolt to the rock wall. The buffer layer 131 is placed between adjacent expansion units, and its elastic modulus decreases progressively from the inside to the outside. This ensures a stable connection while absorbing energy through its own deformation under stress, alleviating stress transmission between different levels of expansion units, and preventing anchor bolt damage caused by excessive local stress. The guide cone surface 1341 on the inner sidewall of the inner expansion unit 134 cooperates with the conical end 12, guiding the conical end 12 to insert smoothly and ensuring that the expansion force is evenly transmitted to each level of expansion unit, ensuring synchronous and uniform expansion of each level of expansion unit. This design not only improves the fit accuracy between the anchoring component 1 and the borehole inner wall, but also enhances the impact resistance and service life of the anchoring component 1 through the graded energy dissipation effect of the buffer layer 131, adapting to the irregular morphology and geological fluctuations that may exist in the lunar lava tube wall 7.

[0029] The central anchor core 11 can be made of high-strength metal or ceramic metal composite material to bear the main axial tensile force; the radially unfolding multi-stage expansion anchor 13 is arranged radially in layers around the central anchor core 11, including at least three levels of expansion units: inner, middle and outer; after being inserted into the rock wall borehole, each level of anchor claw unfolds through mechanical drive and shape memory triggering to form multi-interface contact with the rock wall; under external load, the outer expansion unit 132 preferentially undergoes micro-slippage or local deformation to dissipate energy and alleviate stress concentration, while the inner expansion unit 134 undertakes the main stable bearing function.

[0030] The elastic modulus of the gradually decreasing flexible buffer layer 131 decreases from the inside to the outside, forming a stress transition zone between the anchor body and the heterogeneous rock mass. After the anchoring component 1 is inserted into the borehole, the prestress adjustment component 4 adjusts the preload of the cable 3 to pull the central anchor core 11, and the tapered end 12 at its front end squeezes the expansion anchors at each stage to open them.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the rigidity of the inner expansion unit 134, the intermediate expansion unit 133, and the outer expansion unit 132 decreases sequentially, while their elastic modulus increases sequentially.

[0032] Specifically, the inner expansion unit 134 is made of high-strength metal material and forms the main load-bearing interface with the rock wall after unfolding; the middle expansion unit 133 is made of metal-elastic composite material; and the outer expansion unit 132 is made of high-toughness metal or metal-rubber material, allowing controlled micro-slippage under external load. This parameter gradient design enables the multi-stage expansion anchor 13 to exhibit graded deformation characteristics under stress, ensuring both the overall rigidity of the anchoring structure and good flexibility, effectively coping with the complex morphology and stress changes of the lunar lava tube rock wall 7, avoiding contact gaps caused by insufficient local deformation, and further improving the anchoring reliability and pull-out resistance of the anchoring component 1.

[0033] In some possible implementations, the buffer assembly 2 includes: a solid rod 21, a shape memory alloy spring 22, a metal rubber ring 23, a preload spring 24 corresponding to the number of grooves 211, and a retaining ball 25 corresponding to the number of preload springs 24; the solid rod 21 is built into the sliding cavity 111, and the outer side wall of the solid rod 21 is evenly provided with a plurality of grooves 211 along the circumference, and the inner side wall of the sliding cavity 111 is provided with a plurality of grooves 1111 corresponding to the grooves 211; one end of the shape memory alloy spring 22 is connected to the solid rod 211. One end of the rod 21 is fixedly connected to the other end of the sliding cavity 111 away from the tapered end 12; a metal rubber ring 23 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the solid rod 21, and the outer surface of the metal rubber ring 23 contacts the inner side wall of the sliding cavity 111 and forms a friction connection; one end of a pre-tension spring 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom of a groove 1111; a retaining bead 25 is fixedly connected to the other end of a pre-tension spring 24, and the retaining bead 25 abuts against a groove 211 under the elastic force of the pre-tension spring 24.

[0034] Specifically, this application achieves multi-level buffering and energy dissipation functions through the synergistic action of the solid rod 21, shape memory alloy spring 22, metal rubber ring 23, preload spring 24, and retaining ball 25. The solid rod 21, as the core carrier of the buffer assembly 2, has a groove 211 on its outer periphery that cooperates with the preload spring 24 and retaining ball 25 to form a limiting structure. Under normal conditions, the retaining ball 25 abuts against the groove 211 to fix the position of the solid rod 21, ensuring the initial stability of the anchoring system. When a micro-vibration occurs in the rock wall, the vibration energy is transmitted to the buffer assembly 2. If the energy is small, the friction between the metal rubber ring 23 and the inner wall of the sliding cavity 111 can dissipate some energy, achieving primary buffering. When the vibration energy is large, the impact force generated by the vibration overcomes the elastic force of the preload spring 24, causing the retaining ball 25 to disengage from the groove 211, and the solid rod 21 slides along the sliding cavity 111. At this time, the shape memory alloy spring 22 deforms, absorbing a large amount of vibration energy through elastic restoring force, achieving secondary buffering. This graded buffer design can adaptively adjust the energy dissipation mode according to the vibration intensity, effectively weakening the impact of vibrations of different magnitudes on the anchoring system and avoiding anchoring failure caused by the accumulation of vibration energy. At the same time, the shape memory alloy spring 22 has good fatigue resistance and temperature adaptability, and can work stably for a long time in the extreme environment of the moon.

[0035] In some possible implementations, cable 3 comprises: a core load-bearing layer, an outer braided reinforcement layer, and a protective coating; the core load-bearing layer is composed of nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy wire bundles; the outer braided reinforcement layer covers the periphery of the core load-bearing layer and is formed by a mixture of basalt fiber and carbon fiber; the protective coating covers the outer surface of the outer braided reinforcement layer and is made of a vacuum-resistant and radiation-resistant polymer material. This multi-layered structure design, achieved through the coupling of the phase transformation strain of the shape memory alloy and the low thermal expansion characteristics of the outer fiber material, enables cable 3 to possess both sufficient load-bearing capacity to transmit anchoring force and good environmental tolerance and durability. This solves the technical problems of cable 3's susceptibility to aging and strength decay under the special environment of the moon, ensuring stable force transmission and long-term reliable system operation.

[0036] In some possible implementations, the prestressing adjustment assembly 4 includes: a hollow shell 41, a rack 42, a slider 43, a first adjusting spring 44, a connecting rod 45, a pawl 46, a second adjusting spring 47, and a control module 48; a through hole 411 is provided on the left side of the hollow shell 41; the slider 43 is slidably connected to the bottom inner wall of the hollow shell 41, and the rack 42 is fixedly disposed on the top of the slider 43; the other end of the cable 3 passes through the through hole 411 and is fixedly connected to the left end of the rack 42; one end of the first adjusting spring 44 is fixedly connected to the right end of the rack 42, and the other end of the first adjusting spring 44 is fixedly connected to the right end of the rack 42. The connecting rod 45 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right side of the hollow shell 41; one end of the connecting rod 45 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the hollow shell 41; the upper part of the pawl 46 is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting rod 45, and the lower part of the pawl 46 is adapted to the serration of the rack 42; the second adjusting spring 47 is sleeved on the connecting rod 45, one end of the second adjusting spring 47 is fixedly connected to the shell, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower right end of the pawl 46, and the second adjusting spring 47 is in a naturally extended state; the control module 48 is fixedly installed inside the hollow shell 41 and is electrically connected to the first adjusting spring 44 and the second adjusting spring 47 respectively.

[0037] Both the first adjusting spring 44 and the second adjusting spring 47 are made of deformation memory alloy material, which contracts when heated by electricity. The pawl 46 and the rack 42 have a one-way engagement relationship; that is, when the rack 42 moves to the right, the pawl 46 can slide over the back of the teeth without the second adjusting spring 47 providing any rotational force. When the rack 42 attempts to retract to the left, the pawl 46 engages in the tooth groove, achieving one-way locking, thus locking the current prestress of the cable 3. If the prestress of the cable 3 needs to be increased, i.e., the length of the cable 3 needs to be shortened, the rack 42 needs to move to the left. This requires heating and energizing the second adjusting spring 47, causing the pawl 46 to rotate counterclockwise and thus lift the pawl 46. It can be understood that when the cable 3 is lengthened, the prestress decreases; when the cable 3 is shortened, the prestress increases.

[0038] Specifically, this application achieves automated, precise adjustment and stable locking of the prestress of the cable 3 through the coordinated operation of the mechanical structure, adjusting spring, and control module 48. The hollow shell 41 provides an integrated installation carrier and protective space for each component, and the through hole 411 on the left side ensures smooth installation of the cable 3 and a regular force transmission path. The sliding connection design between the rack 42 and the slider 43 converts the extension and retraction of the first adjusting spring 44 into linear motion of the rack 42. As the core adjusting element, the first adjusting spring 44 utilizes its shape memory effect and elastic deformation characteristics to drive the rack 42 to move under the control of the control module 48, thereby achieving precise increase or decrease of prestress without the need for a complex transmission mechanism, simplifying the structure and providing rapid response. The connecting rod 45 provides stable rotational support for the pawl 46. The serrated design of the pawl 46 and the rack 42 forms a one-way lock, effectively preventing the rack 42 from slipping backward after adjustment and ensuring the stability of the prestress state. The second adjusting spring 47 is sleeved on the connecting rod 45, providing continuous preload to the pawl 46 in its natural extension state, ensuring reliable engagement between the pawl 46 and the rack 42. Simultaneously, it can be quickly unlocked by deformation under the control of the control module 48, facilitating readjustment. The control module 48, electrically connected to the two adjusting springs, can automatically adjust the working state of the components based on external monitoring data, achieving coordinated adjustment and locking / unlocking. This design solves the problems of lag response and unreliable locking in traditional prestress adjustment structures. It can adapt to unattended lunar scenarios without manual intervention, ensuring that the cable 3 always maintains the optimal stress state and improving the self-adaptability and stable operation performance of the anchoring system.

[0039] In some possible implementations, the right outer wall of the hollow shell 41 is rotatably connected to the node of the folded frame structure via a ball joint. This connection method avoids stress concentration problems that may be caused by rigid connections, ensuring that the tension of the cable 3 is always transmitted in a reasonable direction. This ensures that the adjustment function of the prestress adjustment component 4 is not affected by angular deviation, while reducing mechanical wear on the connection parts caused by angular changes, thus improving the structural durability of the entire anchoring system. In addition, the rotational characteristics of the ball joint allow the anchoring system to better adapt to the deformation of the folded frame inflatable structure 6, ensuring that the anchoring system maintains a stable anchoring effect even with slight structural deformation, further enhancing the system's adaptability and reliability.

[0040] In some possible implementations, the anchoring system further includes a stress sensor, a displacement sensor, and a temperature sensor 5. The stress sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the central anchor core 11 to monitor the anchoring stress of the central anchor core 11. The displacement sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the solid rod 21 to monitor the sliding displacement of the solid rod 21. The temperature sensor 5 is fixedly mounted on the anchor cable to monitor the ambient temperature of the cable 3 and determine the current stress of the cable 3 based on the ambient temperature. The stress sensor, displacement sensor, and temperature sensor 5 are all communicatively connected to the control module 48 to provide real-time monitoring data to the control module 48. The control module 48 can also communicate with external terminal devices to provide data support to external devices.

[0041] Specifically, by adding stress sensors, displacement sensors, and temperature sensors 5, real-time monitoring and precise feedback of key parameters of the anchoring system are achieved, providing data support for the system's adaptive adjustment. The stress sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the central anchor core 11, which can directly monitor the anchoring stress of the central anchor core 11, promptly detect abnormalities such as stress concentration and stress attenuation, and avoid system failure due to insufficient anchoring force. The displacement sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the solid rod 21, which can capture the sliding displacement of the solid rod 21 in real time. The displacement data is used to determine the working status of the buffer component 2, accurately identify the vibration intensity and energy consumption, and provide a basis for subsequent stress adjustment. The temperature sensor 5 is fixed on the cable 3, which can monitor the ambient temperature of the cable 3. The stress monitoring data, displacement monitoring data, and temperature monitoring data are acquired in real time through the control module 48 of the prestress adjustment component 4. The control module 48 uses temperature monitoring data to thermally compensate for stress monitoring data to obtain the true tensile force, and calculates the optimal driving energy of the shape memory alloy (SMA) accordingly. When the true tensile force is lower than the set threshold and the sliding displacement of the buffer component 2 indicates that there is still a safe adjustment stroke, the control module 48 triggers the SMA to heat and shrink, drives the ratchet to perform step-by-step tensioning, and confirms the adjustment effect through real-time stress feedback until the tensile force is restored to the target range, thereby realizing a safe closed-loop control based on multi-parameter fusion.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through graded biomimetic anchoring and a flexible-rigid gradient design, the risk of stress concentration at rock wall anchoring points is significantly reduced; a biomimetic earthquake-resistant mechanism of "energy consumption first, load bearing later" is achieved, improving the system's adaptability to lunar earthquakes and rock discontinuities; maintaining the prestress stability of cable 3 effectively copes with the extreme temperature difference between day and night on the moon; highly synergistic with the folded frame inflatable structure 6, it achieves continuous adaptation from initial deployment to permanent operation; and it possesses modular, scalable, and reconfigurable capabilities, making it suitable for the construction of lunar underground bases of different scales and geological conditions.

[0043] The specific implementation process can be referenced as follows: (1) Deployment stage: Use an automated or semi-automatic lunar robot to drill holes in the lava tube wall, insert the anchoring component 1 into the hole and drive the first adjusting spring 44 to make the multi-stage expansion anchor 13 expand and unfold based on the expansion groove. Then inject in-situ sintering filling grout containing lunar soil particles into the hole, and form a composite anchoring interface after heating and solidification. (2) Deployment and inflation stage: The cables are connected to the folding skeleton in a low pretension state, allowing the structure to deploy flexibly; then the prestress of the cables is gradually increased by the temperature control adjustment of the prestress adjustment component 4, so that the structure enters a progressive stiffening state. (3) Long-term operation stage: Under the influence of lunar earthquakes, micro-impacts and temperature differences, the multi-level expansion anchors 13 and the multi-level energy-dissipating buffer components 2 continuously dissipate energy; the adaptive temperature difference compensation cable maintains the stability of the node prestress and ensures the long-term reliable fixation of the base structure.

[0044] Example 2 like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a foldable inflatable living cabin, comprising: The folded skeleton inflatable structure 6 and several adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring systems as in Example 1 are provided. The number of anchoring systems is adapted to the number of folded skeleton structural nodes of the folded skeleton inflatable structure 6. One anchoring system is rotatably connected to one folded skeleton structural node. The anchoring system is used to anchor the folded skeleton inflatable structure 6 into the hollow cavity of the lunar lava tube.

[0045] Specifically, this application discloses a foldable inflatable habitation module incorporating the aforementioned adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system. Through the adaptive connection between the anchoring system and the foldable inflatable frame structure 6, stable deployment of the foldable inflatable frame structure 6 within a lunar lava tube is achieved. The number of anchoring systems corresponds one-to-one with the nodes of the foldable frame structure, with each node secured by a single anchoring system. This ensures that the force on the foldable inflatable frame structure 6 is evenly distributed to each anchoring point, preventing structural damage caused by excessive localized stress. The anchoring system, through a rotating connection with the nodes of the foldable frame structure, can adapt to minor rotations and deformations of the nodes, ensuring smooth force transmission. The aforementioned anchoring system's graded energy dissipation, prestress adjustment, and multi-dimensional monitoring functions effectively address the unique environmental challenges of the lunar lava tube, such as micro-vibrations, temperature fluctuations, and high radiation, providing long-term stable anchoring support for the foldable inflatable frame structure 6. This foldable inflatable living module integrates the various technological advantages of the anchoring system, solves the anchoring problem of large inflatable structures in the extreme lunar environment, realizes the safe construction and stable operation of the base, and provides reliable space support for lunar exploration, scientific experiments and other activities.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An adaptive, graded, energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system for anchoring a folded-frame inflatable structure into the hollow cavity of a lunar lava tube, characterized in that, The anchoring system includes: An anchoring assembly for expanding and anchoring into a borehole in the inner wall of the lunar lava tube, the anchoring assembly having a sliding cavity inside; A buffer assembly, disposed within the sliding cavity, is used to absorb environmental energy for the anchoring assembly during localized rock wall micro-vibrations. A cable, one end of which is fixedly connected to the end of the anchoring assembly away from the rock face; A prestress adjustment component, one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the cable and the other end of which is rotatably connected to a node of the inflatable folding skeleton structure of the folding skeleton, is used to adjust the prestress of the cable.

2. The adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring assembly includes: A central anchor core, wherein the sliding cavity is provided inside the central anchor core; A tapered end, one end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the central anchor core, and the diameter of the tapered end gradually increases along the axis away from the central anchor core; A multi-stage expansion anchor is movably sleeved around the central anchor core. The inner diameter of the multi-stage expansion anchor is smaller than the outer diameter of the conical end. The sidewall of the multi-stage expansion anchor near the conical end is provided with several expansion grooves evenly spaced along the axial direction. The other end of the central anchor core is fixedly connected to the cable.

3. The adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-stage expansion anchor includes: a buffer layer, an outer expansion unit, a middle expansion unit, and an inner expansion unit; the elastic modulus of the buffer layer decreases progressively from the inside to the outside; the inner expansion unit, the middle expansion unit, and the outer expansion unit are arranged in layers along the radial direction of the central anchor core to form a composite cylindrical structure; the buffer layer is respectively disposed between adjacent expansion units, the inner expansion unit is sleeved on the periphery of the central anchor core, and the inner sidewall of the inner expansion unit near the conical end is provided with a guide cone surface, the maximum inner diameter of the guide cone surface being smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the conical end.

4. The adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The rigidity of the inner expansion unit, the intermediate expansion unit, and the outer expansion unit decreases sequentially, while their elastic modulus increases sequentially.

5. The adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system as described in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The buffer component includes: A solid rod is built into the sliding cavity. The outer side wall of the solid rod is uniformly provided with a number of grooves along the circumference, and the inner side wall of the sliding cavity is provided with a number of grooves corresponding to the grooves. A shape memory alloy spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the solid rod and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding cavity away from the tapered end; A metal rubber ring is fitted around the outer periphery of the solid rod, and the outer surface of the metal rubber ring contacts the inner wall of the sliding cavity and forms a frictional connection. A preload spring adapted to the number of grooves, one end of the preload spring being fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the grooves; The number of retaining beads is adapted to the number of pre-tensioning springs. One retaining bead is fixedly connected to the other end of one of the pre-tensioning springs, and the retaining bead abuts against one of the grooves under the elastic force of the pre-tensioning spring.

6. The adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The cable includes: The core support layer is composed of nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy wire bundles; An external braided reinforcement layer, which covers the periphery of the core bearing layer, is formed by a mixture of basalt fiber and carbon fiber; A protective coating is applied to the outer surface of the external woven reinforcement layer. The protective coating is made of a vacuum-resistant and radiation-resistant polymer material.

7. The adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The prestress adjustment component includes: A hollow shell, wherein a through hole is provided on the left side of the hollow shell; A rack and a slider are provided, wherein the slider is slidably connected to the bottom inner wall of the hollow shell, and the rack is fixedly disposed on the top of the slider; the other end of the cable passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the left end of the rack. A first adjusting spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the right end of the rack, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right side of the hollow shell. A connecting rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the hollow shell; A pawl, the upper part of which is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting rod, and the lower part of which is adapted to the serrations of the rack; The second adjusting spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. One end of the second adjusting spring is fixedly connected to the housing, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower right end of the pawl. The second adjusting spring is in a naturally extended state. The control module is fixedly installed inside the hollow housing and electrically connected to the first adjusting spring and the second adjusting spring, respectively.

8. The adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the right end of the hollow shell is rotatably connected to the node of the unfolded skeleton structure via a ball joint.

9. The adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring system also includes: A stress sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the central anchor core to monitor the anchoring stress of the central anchor core. A displacement sensor is embedded in the outer wall of the solid rod to monitor the sliding displacement of the solid rod. A temperature sensor, which is fixedly mounted on the anchor cable, is used to monitor the ambient temperature of the cable and send the ambient temperature to the control module. The stress sensor, displacement sensor, and temperature sensor are all communicatively connected to the control module.

10. A foldable inflatable living cabin, characterized in that, include: The structure comprises a folded skeleton inflatable structure and several adaptive graded energy-dissipating rock wall anchoring systems as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the number of anchoring systems is adapted to the number of nodes of the folded skeleton structure of the folded skeleton inflatable structure, and one anchoring system is rotatably connected to one node of the folded skeleton structure. The anchoring system is used to anchor the folded skeleton inflatable structure into the hollow cavity of the lunar lava tube.

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