Test device and method for compression-resistant pile

Abstract

The test device comprises a test pile and at least four anchor piles, a jack is arranged at the top of the test pile, a main beam is arranged at the top of the jack, secondary beams are arranged on the two sides of the main beam, the test device further comprises a fastening device, and the fastening device comprises a plurality of arc-shaped plates. A circular ring formed by combining the multiple arc-shaped plates is clamped to the periphery of the anchor pile, and the arc-shaped plates are connected to the secondary beam through the multiple steel bar inhaul cables. Compared with the prior art, the fastening device is formed by combining a plurality of arc-shaped plates, the connecting blocks are welded to the adjacent outer side faces of the arc-shaped plates, the arc-shaped plates can be directly spliced through bolts to form a circular ring to be tightly clamped to the periphery of the anchor pile, and the fastening device forms a counter-force system through a steel bar inhaul cable secondary beam so as to balance the acting force of the test pile during testing; the device is connected with the periphery of the anchor pile through the fastening device, concrete at the top of the anchor pile does not need to be excavated, steel bars of the anchor pile do not need to be connected with the secondary beam through connecting structures such as the steel bars, and therefore the workload can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering technology, and in particular to a test device and method for compressive piles. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of building construction, compression piles, as foundation load-bearing components, directly affect the safety and stability of the entire building structure due to their vertical compressive bearing capacity. Therefore, during construction, it is necessary to test their performance through vertical compressive static load tests. Currently, the anchor pile reaction method is one of the most widely used methods in compression pile static load testing. This method involves constructing a reaction system to balance the test load, thereby accurately determining the compressive performance of the test pile.

[0003] The construction of existing anchor pile reaction systems generally requires destructive processing of the anchor piles: in order to connect the anchor piles with the reaction beam, the concrete protective layer at the top of the anchor pile needs to be manually chiseled to expose the main reinforcement inside the pile. Then, the anchor piles are fixed to the reaction beam by welding the main reinforcement and using structures such as cables to form a complete reaction system, providing balanced reaction force for the test load.

[0004] However, the construction of this reaction system has obvious defects: 1. Excavating the concrete at the top of the anchor pile not only requires a lot of manpower and material resources, increasing the on-site construction workload and testing costs, but also damages the structural integrity of the anchor pile and affects its own bearing capacity; 2. Welding the anchor pile main reinforcement and cable structure is cumbersome and labor-intensive (there are multiple anchor pile main reinforcements and cables), and cannot be disassembled and reused. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a testing device and method for compression piles. The fastening device is composed of several arc-shaped plates, with connecting blocks welded to adjacent outer surfaces of the arc-shaped plates. These blocks can be directly spliced ​​together with bolts to form a ring, which is tightly engaged with the outer perimeter of the anchor pile. The fastening device, through a steel cable secondary beam, forms a reaction system to balance the force exerted during the test of the anchor pile. This device connects to the outer perimeter of the anchor pile through the fastening device, eliminating the need to excavate the concrete at the top of the anchor pile or connect the reinforcing steel of the anchor pile to the secondary beam through steel reinforcement or other connecting structures, thereby reducing the workload.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A test device and method for a compression pile includes a test pile and at least four anchor piles. A jack is provided on the top of the test pile, a main beam is provided on the top of the jack, and secondary beams are provided on both sides of the main beam. The device also includes a fastening device, which includes several arc-shaped plates. A ring formed by several arc-shaped plates is engaged with the outer perimeter of the anchor pile. The arc-shaped plates are connected to the secondary beams by several steel cables.

[0007] Furthermore, the reinforcing cable includes a frame, with a first reinforcing bar inserted at the top and a second reinforcing bar inserted at the bottom. Both the first and second reinforcing bars located within the frame are threaded with nuts. The top of the first reinforcing bar passes through the secondary beam and is threaded with a nut, while the bottom of the second reinforcing bar passes through the arc-shaped plate and is threaded with a nut.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-section of the arc-shaped plate is L-shaped.

[0009] Furthermore, connecting blocks are welded to the adjacent outer surfaces of several of the arc-shaped plates, and the two connecting blocks are connected by bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, a pad is provided between the jack and the main beam.

[0011] Furthermore, a slot is provided around the anchor pile, and a block is embedded in the slot with one end of the block located outside the slot.

[0012] This invention also discloses a test method for compression piles, comprising the following steps: S1: Install a jack on the top of the test pile to be tested, erect a main beam at the lifting end of the jack, install secondary beams on both sides of the main beam, install a fastening device around the four anchor piles surrounding the test pile, and fit and fix several arc-shaped plates of the fastening device into a ring around the outside of the anchor pile. S2: The lower end of the steel cable is fixedly connected to the arc plate on the corresponding anchor pile, and the upper end of the steel cable is fixedly connected to the secondary beam at the corresponding position, forming a reaction system composed of anchor pile, fastening device, steel cable, secondary beam and main beam; S3: Activate the jacks to apply a vertical test load to the test pile, balance the loading force of the jacks through the reaction system, and complete the static compressive load test of the test pile according to the preset test procedure. Furthermore, in step S1, the vertical portion of the L-shaped arc plate fits against the outer wall of the anchor pile, and the horizontal portion of the L-shaped arc plate is used to insert and fix the second reinforcing bar.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S1, a groove is chiseled out around the anchor pile. Then, a locking block is installed in the groove, and subsequently, the circular structure completed by splicing the arc-shaped plates is locked onto the outside of the anchor pile, with the locking block located at the top opening of the circular structure to restrict the vertical displacement of the circular structure along the anchor pile.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, counterweights are placed on the main beam to increase the vertical reaction force reserve and overturning stability of the entire reaction system, so that the counterweights and anchor piles together provide the balanced reaction force required for the jack loading.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The fastening device of the present invention is composed of several arc-shaped plates. The adjacent outer surfaces of the arc-shaped plates are welded with connecting blocks, which can be directly spliced ​​together by bolts to form a ring, which is tightly locked to the periphery of the anchor pile. The fastening device is connected to the periphery of the anchor pile through the steel reinforcement cable secondary beam, thereby forming a reaction system to balance the force during the test of the test pile. This device is connected to the periphery of the anchor pile through the fastening device, without the need to chisel the concrete at the top of the anchor pile, and without the need to connect the steel reinforcement of the anchor pile to the secondary beam through steel reinforcement or other connecting structures, thereby reducing the workload.

[0016] The anchor piles of the present invention are set on the outside of the test pile. The reaction force generated during the test is shared by the friction between the four anchor piles and the fastening device. The reaction force borne by a single anchor pile is only one-quarter of the force borne by the test pile, which reduces the stress load. Furthermore, the friction force can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the arc plate to ensure that the friction force is greater than the pull-out reaction force borne by a single anchor pile, thus preventing the fastening device from moving along the anchor pile body.

[0017] The present invention has a card block embedded in the slot, with one end of the card block exposed and in contact with the top of the ring formed by splicing the arc plate. This can further limit the upward displacement of the fastening device, and the depth of the card slot does not need to penetrate to the main reinforcement, so as not to damage the structural bearing capacity of the anchor pile itself.

[0018] This invention allows for the placement of counterweights on top of the main beam. The counterweights and anchor piles work together to provide a balanced reaction force for the jack loading, which can further reduce the pull-out reaction force transmitted from the maximum load of the jack to a single anchor pile during the test, reduce the stress load between the fastening device and the anchor pile, and further reduce the risk of slippage of the fastening device relative to the anchor pile, thus adapting to the needs of compression pile tests with larger loading levels. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test device and method for a compression pile according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the steel cable and fastening device in the test device and method for a compression pile according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steel cable structure of the test device and method for a compression pile according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fastening device structure of the test apparatus and method for a compression pile according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor pile, fastening device, clamping block and clamping groove connection of the test device and method for compression piles of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Ground; 2. Anchor pile; 201. Slot; 3. Test pile; 4. Reinforcing cable; 401. Frame; 402. Second reinforcing bar; 403. First reinforcing bar; 6. Secondary beam; 7. Main beam; 8. Jack; 9. Fastening device; 901. Curved plate; 902. Connecting block; 903. Bolt; 10. Clip; 11. Pad. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1-5As shown, a test device for a compression pile includes a test pile 3 and at least four anchor piles 2. A jack 8 is provided on the top of the test pile 3, a main beam 7 is provided on the top of the jack 8, and secondary beams 6 are provided on both sides of the main beam 7. The device also includes a fastening device 9, which includes several arc-shaped plates 901. A ring formed by the combination of several arc-shaped plates 901 is engaged with the outer periphery of the anchor pile 2. The arc-shaped plates 901 are connected to the secondary beams 6 by several steel cables 4.

[0030] In this embodiment, four anchor piles 2 are provided, and two secondary beams 6 are arranged opposite each other. The two anchor piles 2 on the same side are connected to the secondary beams 6. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figure 4 As shown, several arc-shaped plates 901 have connecting blocks 902 welded to their adjacent outer surfaces. Two connecting blocks 902 are connected by bolts 903. Therefore, several arc-shaped plates 901 can first be fitted against the outer perimeter of the anchor pile 2, and then connected by bolts 903 (multiple sets of bolts 903 and connecting blocks 902 can be set) to form a circular structure that is locked and fixed to the anchor pile 2. At this time, the secondary beam 6 is connected to the arc-shaped plates 901 through steel reinforcement cables 4 to form a reaction system. When testing the test pile 3, it can... A vertical downward test load is applied to the test pile 3 by jack 8. The load is transferred to the steel cable 4 through the main beam 7 and secondary beam 6, and then to the anchor pile 2 through the fastening device 9. The pull-out bearing capacity of the anchor pile 2 provides the balancing reaction force, thereby completing the vertical compressive static load test of the test pile 3. Compared with the existing technology, it is not necessary to chisel the concrete at the top of the anchor pile to expose the steel bars, nor is it necessary to weld the main reinforcement or pre-embed the connectors in the pile body of the anchor pile 2, which reduces the workload. At the same time, this device is easy to assemble and disassemble and can be recycled.

[0031] When the test pile 3 is tested, the reaction force generated is shared by the friction between the four anchor piles 2 and the fastening device 9. The reaction force borne by each group is only one-quarter of the force exerted on the test pile 3, which can reduce the possibility of vertical slippage of the fastening device 9 relative to the anchor piles 2.

[0032] Specifically, the inner wall curvature of the arc plate 901 perfectly matches the outer wall curvature of the anchor pile 2. After being spliced ​​to form a closed ring, the inner wall of the arc plate 901 is in complete contact with the outer wall of the anchor pile 2, providing a basis for the stable output of frictional force. Furthermore, the bolt 903 locks the connecting block 902 of the adjacent arc plates 901, which allows the ring formed by multiple arc plates 901 to continuously apply a stable radial clamping force to the anchor pile 2, thereby forming a large static frictional force on the contact surface. The design value of this static frictional force can be adjusted by changing the size of the arc plate 901, so that the static frictional force is much greater than the pull-out reaction force transmitted from the maximum loading force of the jack 8 to the single anchor pile 2 during the test, thus avoiding the vertical slippage of the fastening device 9 along the anchor pile 2.

[0033] Among them, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the steel cable 4 includes a frame 401. A first steel bar 403 is inserted at the top of the frame 401 and a second steel bar 402 is inserted at the bottom. Both the first steel bar 403 and the second steel bar 402 located inside the frame 401 are threaded with nuts. The top of the first steel bar 403 passes through the secondary beam 6 and is threaded with a nut. The bottom of the second steel bar 402 passes through the arc plate 901 and is threaded with a nut. The first steel bar 403 and the second steel bar 402 can move vertically relative to the frame 401, thereby adjusting the height of the entire steel cable 4, so that the length of the steel cable 4 is adapted to the distance from the secondary beam 6 to the fastening device 9.

[0034] Among them, such as Figure 5 As shown, the cross-section of the arc plate 901 is L-shaped, and the second reinforcing bar 402 is connected to the horizontal part of the L-shaped arc plate 901.

[0035] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, a pad 11 is provided between the jack 8 and the main beam 7. The top output shaft of the jack 8 applies force to the main beam 7 through the pad 11, which is made of steel. Example 2

[0036] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 5 As shown, a slot 201 is provided around the anchor pile 2, and a locking block 10 is embedded in the slot 201 with one end of the locking block 10 located outside the slot 201. The locking block 10 has a triangular cross-section, with one end inside the slot 201 and the other end outside the slot 201. The top of the ring formed by multiple arc plates 901 is in contact with the locking block 10. Therefore, by the cooperation of the limiting locking block 202 and the slot 201, the upward displacement of the ring structure along the anchor pile 2 can be restricted. Thus, during the test, the upward slippage of the fastening device 9 can be further avoided, ensuring the reliability of the reaction force system.

[0037] In this embodiment, the groove depth of the slot 201 is not less than the thickness of the concrete protective layer of the anchor pile 2. Multiple slots 201 are interconnected or not interconnected. The shape of the slot 201 is adapted to the slot block 202. The position of the slot 201 is adapted to the position of the arc plate 901 fixed on the anchor pile 2.

[0038] Compared to existing technologies that require extensive excavation of the top concrete of the anchor pile and exposure of the main reinforcement bars for welding, this embodiment only requires opening a groove 201 on the side of the anchor pile 2. The groove 201 does not need to touch the main reinforcement bars of the anchor pile, thus avoiding excessive damage to the structural bearing capacity of the anchor pile 2 and reducing the amount of on-site excavation work. Example 3

[0039] A test method for compression piles includes the following steps: S1: Install a jack 8 on the top of the test pile 3 to be tested, erect a main beam 7 at the lifting end of the jack 8, install secondary beams 6 on both sides of the main beam 7, install a fastening device 9 around the four anchor piles 2 surrounding the test pile 3, and enclose and splice several arc plates 901 of the fastening device 9 to form a ring and fix it to the outside of the anchor pile 2. S2: The lower end of the steel cable 4 is fixedly connected to the arc plate 901 on the corresponding anchor pile 2, and the upper end of the steel cable 4 is fixedly connected to the secondary beam 6 at the corresponding position, forming a reaction system composed of anchor pile 2, fastening device 9, steel cable 4, secondary beam 6, and main beam 7. S3: Start jack 8 to apply vertical test load to test pile 3, balance the loading force of jack 8 through the reaction force system, and complete the static load test of test pile 3 according to the preset test procedure (start jack 8 in stages to apply vertical test load to test pile 3, record the settlement of the pile top of test pile 3 at the same time, and load it step by step to the preset maximum test load).

[0040] In step S1, the vertical portion of the L-shaped arc plate 901 is attached to the outer wall of the anchor pile 2, and the horizontal portion of the L-shaped arc plate 901 is used to insert and fix the second reinforcing bar 402.

[0041] In step S1, a groove 201 is chiseled out around the anchor pile 2. Then, a locking block 10 is installed in the groove 201. Subsequently, the circular structure completed by splicing the arc plate 901 is locked onto the outside of the anchor pile 2, and the locking block 10 is located at the top opening of the circular structure to restrict the vertical displacement of the circular structure along the anchor pile 2. Example 4

[0042] Based on Example 3, in step S2, counterweights are placed on the main beam 7 to increase the vertical reaction force reserve and overturning stability of the entire reaction system. The counterweights and anchor piles 2 together provide the balancing reaction force required for the jack 8 to load. In this example, placing counterweights on the top of the main beam 7 can further reduce the pull-out reaction force transmitted from the maximum load force of the jack 8 to the single anchor pile 2 during the test, reduce the stress load between the fastening device 9 and the anchor pile 2, and further reduce the risk of slippage of the fastening device 9 relative to the anchor pile 2, so as to meet the requirements of compression pile tests with larger load levels.

[0043] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent transformations or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for a compression pile, comprising a test pile (3) and at least four anchor piles (2), wherein a jack (8) is provided on the top of the test pile (3), a main beam (7) is provided on the top of the jack (8), and secondary beams (6) are provided on both sides of the main beam (7), characterized in that: It also includes a fastening device (9), which includes several arc-shaped plates (901), and the ring formed by the combination of several arc-shaped plates (901) is engaged with the outer periphery of the anchor pile (2). The arc-shaped plates (901) are connected to the secondary beam (6) by several steel cable (4).

2. The testing device for a compression pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel cable (4) includes a frame (401), with a first steel bar (403) inserted at the top and a second steel bar (402) inserted at the bottom. The first steel bar (403) and the second steel bar (402) located in the frame (401) are both threaded with nuts. The top of the first steel bar (403) passes through the secondary beam (6) and is threaded with a nut. The bottom of the second steel bar (402) passes through the arc plate (901) and is threaded with a nut.

3. The testing device for a compression pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the arc plate (901) is L-shaped.

4. The testing apparatus for a compression pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several of the arc-shaped plates (901) have connecting blocks (902) welded to their adjacent outer surfaces, and two connecting blocks (902) are connected by bolts (903).

5. The testing apparatus for a compression pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pad (11) is provided between the jack (8) and the main beam (7).

6. A test apparatus for a compression pile according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The anchor pile (2) has a slot (201) on its periphery, and a block (10) is embedded in the slot (201) with one end of the block (10) located outside the slot (201).

7. A test method for compression piles, characterized in that, The test is conducted using the testing apparatus for the compression pile described in claim 6, and includes the following steps: S1: Install a jack (8) on the top of the test pile (3) to be tested, erect a main beam (7) at the lifting end of the jack (8), install secondary beams (6) on both sides of the main beam (7), install fastening devices (9) around the four anchor piles (2) surrounding the test pile (3), and enclose and splice several arc plates (901) of the fastening device (9) to form a ring and fix it to the outside of the anchor pile (2); S2: The lower end of the steel cable (4) is fixedly connected to the arc plate (901) on the corresponding anchor pile (2), and the upper end of the steel cable (4) is fixedly connected to the secondary beam (6) at the corresponding position, forming a reaction system consisting of the anchor pile (2), fastening device (9), steel cable (4), secondary beam (6), and main beam (7); S3: Start the jack (8) to apply a vertical test load to the test pile (3), balance the loading force of the jack (8) through the reaction system, and complete the static load test of the test pile (3) according to the preset test procedure.

8. The test method for a compression pile according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the vertical part of the L-shaped arc plate (901) is attached to the outer wall of the anchor pile (2), and the horizontal part of the L-shaped arc plate (901) is used to insert and fix the second reinforcing bar (402).

9. The test method for a compression pile according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, a slot (201) is chiseled out around the anchor pile (2). Then, a locking block (10) is installed in the slot (201), and the circular structure completed by splicing the arc plate (901) is then locked around the anchor pile (2), with the locking block (10) located at the top opening of the circular structure to restrict the vertical displacement of the circular structure along the anchor pile (2).

10. The test method for a compression pile according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, counterweights are placed on the main beam (7) to increase the vertical reaction force reserve and overturning stability of the entire reaction system, so that the counterweights and anchor piles (2) together provide the balance reaction force required for the jack (8) to load.

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