Light sound-insulation fabricated wallboard and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a light sound-insulation fabricated wallboard and a preparation method thereof. The wallboard comprises a framework, facing layers are arranged on the two sides of the framework, a plurality of resonant cavities are formed in the framework, and magnetic suspension inertia damping units are installed in the resonant cavities; a gap between the framework and the magnetic suspension inertia damping unit and a gap between the framework and the facing layer are filled with functional matrixes; the inherent frequency of the magnetic suspension inertia damping unit is configured to be matched with the noise frequency of target attenuation; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the skeleton by adopting a 3D printing technology or a mold forming process, assembling the magnetic suspension inertia damping unit and the tuning unit, pouring and curing the matrix, and installing the decorative surface layer and the viscoelastic decoupling connecting piece. According to the low-frequency sound insulation wall, the local resonance metamaterial composed of the magnetic suspension inertia damping units is introduced, under the condition that the physical surface density of the wall is only 30%-40% (about 60-100 kg / m < 2 >) of that of a traditional concrete wall, the excellent low-frequency sound insulation performance is achieved, and the weighted sound insulation index (Rw) can be increased by 15 dB or above.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of green building materials, specifically to a lightweight, sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As residents' demands for quality of life increase, indoor acoustic comfort has become one of the core indicators for evaluating a "good house." However, existing residential partition wall technologies often face the dilemma of balancing lightweight design with sound insulation.

[0003] Traditional brick or concrete walls offer decent sound insulation, but they are very heavy (typically with a surface density exceeding 200 kg / m³). 2 This not only increases the structural load and foundation cost of the building, but its wet construction method is also inconsistent with the current development trend of building industrialization and prefabrication. On the other hand, although lightweight walls such as light steel keel gypsum board and autoclaved lightweight concrete (ALC) board are lightweight and easy to construct, their sound insulation performance, especially their ability to isolate low-frequency impact noise such as footsteps and falling heavy objects, is seriously insufficient, and they are prone to producing a hollow feeling when tapped, which affects the living experience.

[0004] In existing technologies, rock wool, glass wool, or sound insulation felt are often filled into the cavities of lightweight walls to improve sound insulation. While this improves mid-to-high frequency sound insulation to some extent, its effectiveness in blocking low-frequency noise with longer wavelengths and stronger penetrating power remains limited due to the overall physical mass of the wall. Therefore, it cannot fundamentally solve the problem of poor low-frequency sound insulation in lightweight walls. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a lightweight, sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel and its preparation method, the specific technical solution of which is as follows: A lightweight, sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel includes a frame with decorative layers on both sides. Multiple resonant chambers are located within the frame, each containing a magnetically levitated inertial damping unit. Each magnetically levitated inertial damping unit includes a non-magnetic shell and an inertial mass core disposed within the shell. A first permanent magnet array is located on the inner wall of the shell, and a second permanent magnet array with the same poles opposite to the first permanent magnet array is located on the surface of the inertial mass core. The inertial mass core is levitated within the shell by the magnetic repulsion generated by the first and second permanent magnet arrays, forming a localized resonant system. Functional matrix is ​​filled in the gaps between the frame and the magnetically levitated inertial damping unit, as well as between the frame and the decorative layers. The natural frequency of the magnetically levitated inertial damping unit is configured to match the target noise frequency to attenuate sound wave transmission through anti-resonance coupling.

[0006] Furthermore, the resonant chambers are regularly arranged within the skeleton, and the resonant chambers have a honeycomb structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the framework is made of porous microcrystalline glass-UHPC.

[0008] Furthermore, the inertial mass core is a tungsten alloy sphere.

[0009] Furthermore, the permanent magnets in the first permanent magnet array are spatially symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the shell, and correspondingly, the permanent magnets in the second permanent magnet array are spatially symmetrically distributed on the surface of the inertial mass core.

[0010] Furthermore, the functional matrix is ​​a porous material with a porous structure and a gradient distribution of porosity.

[0011] Furthermore, the functional matrix is ​​foamed concrete modified with hydrophobic silica aerogel.

[0012] Furthermore, viscoelastic decoupling connectors are provided at the edges of the wall panels.

[0013] A method for preparing a lightweight sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel, used to prepare the above-mentioned prefabricated wall panel, includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of the skeleton: The skeleton is prepared using 3D printing technology or mold forming process, and a resonant cavity is formed in it; S2. Assembly and tuning of the magnetic levitation inertial damping unit: According to the wall thickness and the target sound insulation frequency, adjust the magnetic flux of the first permanent magnet array and the second permanent magnet array and the distance between them, and then embed the magnetic levitation inertial damping unit into the resonant cavity and lock it. S3. Matrix casting and curing: The functional matrix is ​​injected into the voids in the skeleton and compacted under negative pressure. The initial wall panel is formed by steam curing. S4. Apply a decorative surface layer to both sides of the initial wall panel by hot pressing and install viscoelastic decoupling connectors at the edges of the wall panel.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By introducing a localized resonant metamaterial composed of magnetically levitated inertial damping units, the physical surface density of the wall is reduced to only 30%-40% of that of a traditional concrete wall (approximately 60-100 kg / m²). 2 Under these conditions, it achieves excellent low-frequency sound insulation performance, and the weighted sound insulation (Rw) can be improved by more than 15dB, completely solving the problem of poor low-frequency sound insulation of lightweight walls.

[0015] 2. The magnetic levitation unit targets low frequencies, while the filling functional matrix targets mid-to-high frequencies. The two work together to achieve wide-bandwidth, high-efficiency sound insulation and absorption from low to high frequencies.

[0016] 3. The frame provides excellent compressive and flexural strength, enabling the wall to support heavy suspended objects despite its light weight; the magnetic levitation structure is contactless and wear-free, has stable acoustic performance, and its expected lifespan is synchronized with the main building structure.

[0017] 4. The wall panels are prefabricated and assembled on-site using dry methods, which makes construction quick, with low noise and dust pollution, meeting the requirements of building industrialization and green construction. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wall panel described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic levitation inertial damping unit described in this invention; Figure 3 This is a comparison curve of the sound insulation of the wall panel described in this invention with that of ordinary concrete walls and light steel keel walls.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Skeleton; 2. Magnetic levitation inertial damping unit; 2.1. Shell; 2.2. Inertial mass core; 2.3. First permanent magnet array; 2.4. Second permanent magnet array; 3. Functional matrix; 4. Finishing layer; 5. Viscoelastic decoupling connector. Detailed Implementation

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] The present invention provides the following specific implementation schemes: like Figure 1-3As shown, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a lightweight sound-insulating prefabricated wall, comprising a frame 1, with decorative layers 4 on both sides of the frame 1, and multiple resonant chambers within the frame 1, each of which is equipped with a magnetically levitated inertial damping unit 2; the magnetically levitated inertial damping unit 2 includes a non-magnetic shell 2.1 and an inertial mass core 2.2 disposed within the shell 2.1, a first permanent magnet array 2.3 disposed on the inner wall of the shell 2.1, and a second permanent magnet array 2.4 disposed on the surface of the inertial mass core 2.2 with the same poles opposite to those of the first permanent magnet array 2.3. The inertial mass core 2.2 is suspended within the shell 2.1 by the magnetic repulsion generated by the first permanent magnet array 2.3 and the second permanent magnet array 2.4, forming a local resonance system. The gaps between the skeleton 1 and the magnetically levitated inertial damping unit 2, as well as the gaps between the skeleton 1 and the finishing layer 4, are filled with functional matrix 3. The functional matrix 3 is used to absorb mid-to-high frequency noise and provide thermal insulation performance. The natural frequency of the magnetically levitated inertial damping unit 2 is configured to match the target noise frequency to attenuate sound wave transmission through anti-resonance coupling. The magnetic repulsion forms a nonlinear stiffness field around the inertial mass core 2.2. When the wall vibration excited by external sound waves is transmitted to this unit, the suspended inertial mass core 2.2 undergoes anti-phase vibration, converting mechanical energy into magnetic potential energy and micro-eddy current thermal energy, thereby achieving "acoustic cutoff" of low-frequency noise of 50Hz-500Hz under lightweight conditions.

[0023] Furthermore, the resonant chambers are regularly arranged within the framework 1, and the resonant chambers have a biomimetic honeycomb structure. Alternatively, the resonant chambers can also have a lattice structure.

[0024] Furthermore, the frame 1 is made of porous microcrystalline glass-UHPC, which can significantly reduce its weight to 1 / 3 of that of traditional walls (approximately 60-80 kg / m²). 2 It maintains extremely high compressive and flexural strength. Furthermore, the skeleton 1 can also be made of fiber-reinforced composite materials.

[0025] Furthermore, the inertial mass core 2.2 is made of high-density metallic material; in this embodiment, the inertial mass core 2.2 is a tungsten alloy sphere.

[0026] Furthermore, the permanent magnets in the first permanent magnet array 2.3 are spatially symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the shell 2.1, and correspondingly, the permanent magnets in the second permanent magnet array 2.4 are spatially symmetrically distributed on the surface of the inertial mass core 2.2.

[0027] Furthermore, the functional matrix 3 is a porous material with a porous structure and a gradient distribution of porosity. The pores near the surface of the wall panel are smaller to reflect sound waves, while the pores near the interior of the wall panel are larger to dissipate sound wave energy.

[0028] Furthermore, the functional matrix 3 is a foamed concrete modified with hydrophobic silica aerogel, which can utilize the Knudsen effect of nanoscale pores to significantly reduce the speed of sound in the air, prolong the sound wave propagation path, and further attenuate mid-to-high frequency noise.

[0029] Furthermore, a viscoelastic decoupling connector 5 is provided at the edge of the wall panel. The viscoelastic decoupling connector 5 is used to connect with other building structural components and can cut off the sound bridge path of solid-borne sound transmission.

[0030] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a lightweight sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel, which includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of skeleton 1: Skeleton 1 is prepared by 3D printing technology or mold forming process, and a resonant cavity is formed in it. The resonant cavity is a biomimetic honeycomb structure calculated based on acoustic simulation. In this embodiment, the thickness of skeleton 1 (the distance between the two decorative layers 4) is 100mm, the diameter of the resonant cavity is 60mm, and 1 square meter of wall panel corresponds to 16 resonant cavities.

[0031] S2. Assembly and tuning of magnetic levitation inertial damping unit 2: According to the wall thickness and the target sound insulation frequency, adjust the spacing between the first permanent magnet array 2.3 and the second permanent magnet array 2.4, and adjust the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet. Then, embed the magnetic levitation inertial damping unit 2 into the resonant cavity and lock it. In this embodiment, the target sound insulation frequency is 120Hz (the main frequency of common floor impact sound). S3. Matrix Casting and Curing: The functional matrix 3 (density 400 kg / m³) is cast and cured. 3 The voids within the skeleton 1 (including the voids between the resonant chamber and the magnetic levitation damping unit and the voids on the surface of the skeleton 1) are injected and compacted under negative pressure, and then steam-cured to form a preliminary wall panel. S4. Composite high-density fiber cement board (CRC) is installed as a finishing layer 4 on both sides of the initial wall panel by hot pressing, and viscoelastic decoupling connectors 5 are installed at the edge of the wall panel.

[0032] By introducing a localized resonant metamaterial composed of magnetically levitated inertial damping units 2, the physical surface density of the wall is reduced to only 30%-40% of that of a traditional concrete wall (approximately 60-100 kg / m²). 2 Under these conditions, it achieves excellent low-frequency sound insulation performance, with the weighted sound insulation (Rw) increasing by more than 15dB, completely solving the problem of poor low-frequency sound insulation in lightweight walls. In addition, the magnetic levitation unit targets low frequencies, while the functional matrix 3 it fills targets mid-to-high frequencies. The two work together to achieve broadband high-efficiency sound insulation and sound absorption from low to high frequencies.

[0033] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight, sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel, characterized in that: The system includes a frame with decorative layers on both sides. Multiple resonant chambers are located within the frame, each housing a magnetically levitated inertial damping unit. Each magnetically levitated inertial damping unit comprises a non-magnetic shell and an inertial mass core housed within the shell. A first permanent magnet array is mounted on the inner wall of the shell, and a second permanent magnet array with the same poles opposite to the first permanent magnet array is mounted on the surface of the inertial mass core. The inertial mass core is levitated within the shell by the magnetic repulsion generated by the first and second permanent magnet arrays, forming a localized resonant system. Functional matrixes fill the gaps between the frame and the magnetically levitated inertial damping units, as well as between the frame and the decorative layers. The natural frequency of the magnetically levitated inertial damping unit is configured to match the target noise frequency to attenuate sound wave transmission through anti-resonance coupling.

2. The lightweight sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonant chambers are arranged regularly within the skeleton, and the resonant chambers have a honeycomb structure.

3. The lightweight sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The framework is made of porous microcrystalline glass-UHPC.

4. The lightweight sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inertial mass core is a tungsten alloy sphere.

5. A lightweight, sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnets in the first permanent magnet array are spatially symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the shell, and correspondingly, the permanent magnets in the second permanent magnet array are spatially symmetrically distributed on the surface of the inertial mass core.

6. A lightweight, sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional matrix is ​​a porous material with a porous structure and a gradient distribution of porosity.

7. A lightweight, sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The functional matrix is ​​foamed concrete modified with hydrophobic silica aerogel.

8. A lightweight, sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of the wall panels are also equipped with viscoelastic decoupling connectors.

9. A method for preparing a lightweight sound-insulating prefabricated wall panel, used to prepare the prefabricated wall panel according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of the skeleton: The skeleton is prepared using 3D printing technology or mold forming process, and a resonant cavity is formed in it; S2. Assembly and tuning of the magnetic levitation inertial damping unit: According to the wall thickness and the target sound insulation frequency, adjust the magnetic flux of the first permanent magnet array and the second permanent magnet array and the distance between them, and then embed the magnetic levitation inertial damping unit into the resonant cavity and lock it. S3. Matrix casting and curing: The functional matrix is ​​injected into the voids in the skeleton and compacted under negative pressure. The initial wall panel is formed by steam curing. S4. Apply a decorative surface layer to both sides of the initial wall panel by hot pressing and install viscoelastic decoupling connectors at the edges of the wall panel.

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