Engine, engine assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an engine, an engine assembly and a vehicle, relates to the technical field of vehicles, and aims to solve the problems of overheating and abrasion of a working part in a cylinder cover or a working part in a crankshaft chamber. An engine includes a cylinder block and a cylinder head. The cylinder body is provided with a combustion chamber and a crankshaft chamber communicated with the combustion chamber. The cylinder cover is arranged on the side, back to the crankshaft chamber, of the combustion chamber and connected with the cylinder body. The cylinder cover is provided with a cylinder cover space and a first exhaust port, and the cylinder cover space communicates with the first exhaust port. The engine is provided with an exhaust channel, an inlet of the exhaust channel communicates with the crankshaft chamber, and an outlet of the exhaust channel communicates with the cylinder cover space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more particularly to engines, engine assemblies, and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] The vehicle's engine includes a cylinder head and a cylinder block. The cylinder block contains a combustion chamber and a crankshaft chamber. The combustion chamber contains a piston, an intake valve for delivering combustion gases, and an exhaust valve for expelling exhaust gases.

[0003] During engine operation, the combustion gases in the combustion chamber may leak into the crankshaft chamber through the gap between the piston and the combustion chamber, or into the cylinder head through the intake or exhaust valves, causing overheating and wear of the working parts inside the cylinder head or the working parts inside the crankshaft chamber.

[0004] In related technologies, the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber is usually discharged from the crankshaft chamber, and the gas leaking into the cylinder head is discharged from the cylinder head. However, because the amount of gas leaking into the cylinder head is small, it is difficult to discharge the gas from the cylinder head, resulting in poor efficiency in discharging the gas leaking into the cylinder head. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an engine, engine assembly, and vehicle that aims to solve the problems of overheating and wear of working components inside the cylinder head or crankshaft housing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect of this application, an engine is provided, including a cylinder block and a cylinder head. The cylinder block has a combustion chamber and a crankshaft chamber communicating with the combustion chamber, the crankshaft chamber being used to mount a crankshaft. The cylinder head is located on the side of the combustion chamber opposite to the crankshaft chamber and is connected to the cylinder block. The cylinder head has a cylinder head space and a first exhaust port, the cylinder head space communicating with the first exhaust port. The engine has an exhaust passage, the inlet of which communicates with the crankshaft chamber, and the outlet of which communicates with the cylinder head space.

[0008] With the above settings, during engine operation, as the combustion gases leak from the combustion chamber into the crankshaft chamber and cylinder head space, the gas content in the crankshaft chamber and cylinder head space will gradually increase.

[0009] Because the amount of gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber is greater than the amount leaking into the cylinder head space, the pressure of the gas in the crankshaft chamber will be greater than the pressure of the gas in the cylinder head space. Since the cylinder head space is connected to the first exhaust port, and the exhaust passage is connected to both the crankshaft chamber and the cylinder head space, under the action of gas pressure, the gas in the crankshaft chamber will flow into the cylinder head space through the exhaust passage, and will also drive the gas in the cylinder head space to flow towards the first exhaust port, and thus be discharged from the cylinder head space.

[0010] In this way, by setting up the exhaust passage and the first exhaust port, it is possible to discharge the gas leaking from the combustion chamber into the crankshaft chamber from the crankshaft chamber, while using the gas in the crankshaft chamber to drive the gas leaking into the cylinder head space to be discharged from the cylinder head space. This can improve the discharge effect of the gas leaking into the cylinder head space.

[0011] In some embodiments, the exhaust passage inlet is located at one end of the engine along a first direction, which is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cylinder head and cylinder block and perpendicular to the extension direction of the crankshaft.

[0012] In some embodiments, the outlets of the first exhaust port and the exhaust passage are located at opposite ends of the cylinder head, along the extending direction of the crankshaft. The extending direction of the crankshaft is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cylinder head and the cylinder block.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cylinder head has a first channel extending along the arrangement direction of the cylinder head and the cylinder block, with the cylinder head space located on the side of the first channel facing away from the cylinder block. The cylinder block has a second channel communicating with the end of the first channel facing the cylinder block. The second channel and the first channel form an exhaust channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, the outlet of the first channel is in communication with the cylinder head space. The outlet of the second channel is in communication with the inlet of the first channel, and the inlet of the second channel is in communication with the crankshaft chamber. The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the second channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet of the second channel.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second channel includes a first sub-pipe segment and a second sub-pipe segment. The outlet of the first sub-pipe segment is connected to the inlet of the first channel. The outlet of the second sub-pipe segment is connected to the inlet of the first sub-pipe segment, and the inlet of the second sub-pipe segment is connected to the crankshaft chamber. The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the second sub-pipe segment is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet of the first sub-pipe segment.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cylinder body is provided with an oil passage for the flow of lubricating oil, and the oil passage is located in the cylinder body between the exhaust passage and the crankshaft chamber.

[0017] In some embodiments, the exhaust passage has an opening on the inner wall of the side opposite to the oil passage that extends to the outer surface of the cylinder body, and the engine also includes a cover that covers the opening.

[0018] In some embodiments, the exhaust passage is at least partially recessed to the side opposite to the outer surface of the cylinder block to form a recessed portion, and the recessed portion and the oil passage are arranged sequentially in the arrangement direction of the cylinder head and the cylinder block.

[0019] In some embodiments, along the arrangement direction of the cylinder head and cylinder block, the dimension of the end of the second sub-pipe segment facing the first sub-pipe segment is greater than the dimension of the end of the second sub-pipe segment facing away from the first sub-pipe segment.

[0020] In some embodiments, the engine further includes a timing cover, which is disposed on one side of the cylinder block along the extension direction of the crankshaft and forms an accommodating space between the timing cover and the cylinder block. The cylinder block also has a second exhaust port, which communicates with the crankshaft chamber and with the accommodating space.

[0021] In some embodiments, the engine further includes a timing cover, which is disposed on one side of the cylinder block along the extension direction of the crankshaft and forms an accommodating space between the timing cover and the cylinder block, and the first exhaust port communicates with the accommodating space.

[0022] In some embodiments, the cylinder block is provided with a return port, which communicates with the accommodating space for discharging gas from the accommodating space. And / or, the timing cover is provided with a return port, which communicates with the accommodating space for discharging gas from the accommodating space.

[0023] In some embodiments, the engine further includes a filter disposed in the housing space, the filter having an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet communicating with the housing space, and the air outlet communicating with a return air port.

[0024] In some embodiments, the engine further includes an oil pan connected below the cylinder block and located below the timing cover, defining a receiving cavity between the oil pan, the cylinder block, and the timing cover. The receiving space communicates with the receiving cavity.

[0025] In some embodiments, one side of the crankshaft chamber in a first direction is connected to the exhaust passage, and the other side of the crankshaft chamber in the first direction is connected to the receiving cavity. The first direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cylinder head and the cylinder block, and perpendicular to the extension direction of the crankshaft.

[0026] In some embodiments, the cylinder block is further provided with a second exhaust port, which communicates with the crankshaft chamber and with the accommodating space.

[0027] In some embodiments, the outlets of the second exhaust port and the exhaust passage are located at both ends of the cylinder block, respectively, along the extension direction of the crankshaft.

[0028] In some embodiments, the engine includes multiple combustion chambers, and the crankshaft chamber includes multiple crankshaft cavities. The cylinder block has multiple mounting ports, and one crankshaft chamber communicates with one combustion chamber through one mounting port. The mounting ports are used to mount connecting rods.

[0029] In some embodiments, a plurality of crankshaft cavities are arranged along the extension direction of the crankshaft, and the plurality of crankshaft cavities are connected in sequence, and the second exhaust port is connected to at least one crankshaft cavity.

[0030] In some embodiments, the cylinder block is provided with a first air intake port, which is connected to the crankshaft chamber.

[0031] In some embodiments, along a first direction, the inlet of the first air intake port and the inlet of the exhaust passage are located at both ends of the cylinder block, and the first direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cylinder head and the cylinder block, and perpendicular to the extension direction of the crankshaft.

[0032] In a second aspect of this application, an engine assembly is provided, including the engine described above.

[0033] In some embodiments, the engine assembly further includes a piston, a crankshaft, and a connecting rod. The piston is disposed within a combustion chamber. The crankshaft is disposed within a crankshaft chamber. The connecting rod connects the piston and the crankshaft and drives the crankshaft to rotate as the piston moves.

[0034] In a third aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided, including the aforementioned engine assembly.

[0035] In some embodiments, the cylinder head and cylinder block are arranged in the same direction as the width of the vehicle. Along the height of the vehicle, the exhaust passage is located at one end of the engine. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle's external structure.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the engine's external structure.

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of the middle cylinder block at point AA;

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Middle engine along Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure as seen from the Y direction;

[0041] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the engine at BB-;

[0042] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the exhaust passage;

[0043] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the engine at BB-;

[0044] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the external structure of the exhaust passage;

[0045] Figure 9 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the middle cylinder block at point CC;

[0046] Figure 10 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the filter shown;

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cylinder block.

[0048] Reference numerals: 1000, vehicle; 100, engine assembly; 10, engine; 1, cylinder block; 11, combustion chamber; 111, first combustion chamber; 112, second combustion chamber; 113, third combustion chamber; 114, fourth combustion chamber; 12, crankshaft chamber; 121, crankshaft cavity; 1211, first crankshaft cavity; 1212, second crankshaft cavity; 1213, third crankshaft cavity; 1214, fourth crankshaft cavity; 13, second passage; 14, receiving groove; 15, third passage; 16, second exhaust port; 17, third exhaust port; 2, cylinder head; 21, first exhaust port; 22, cylinder head space; 23, cylinder head. ; 231, First channel; 232, Fourth channel; 24, Cylinder head cover; 321, First sub-pipe section; 322, Second sub-pipe section; 3221, Recess; 4, Cover; 5, Timing cover; 51, Accommodation space; 6, Filter; 61, Air inlet; 62, Air outlet; 63, Housing; 64, First side wall; 65, Second side wall; 66, Third side wall; 67, Fourth side wall; 68, First oil baffle wall; 69, Second oil baffle wall; 601, First protrusion; 602, Second protrusion; 603, Oil outlet hole; 7, Oil pan; 71, Accommodation cavity; 8, Oil passage; 9, First air inlet; Z, First direction. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the above-described orientation can be flexibly set in practical applications, provided that the relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings is satisfied.

[0051] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "communication" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a communication between the internal components of two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] In embodiments of the invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0054] In embodiments of the present invention, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0055] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0056] As an important component of a vehicle, the engine converts the linear motion of the piston in the cylinder into rotational motion, thereby driving the vehicle.

[0057] Based on this, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This application provides a vehicle 1000, which includes a frame and an engine assembly 100, with the engine assembly 100 connected to the frame.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of engine 10. Engine assembly 100 includes engine 10.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the cylinder block 1 at point AA. The engine 10 includes a cylinder head 2 and a cylinder block 1. The cylinder block 1 includes a combustion chamber 11 and a crankshaft chamber 12 that communicates with the combustion chamber 11.

[0060] For example, the cylinder head 2 and the cylinder block 1 can be an integral structure or a separate structure.

[0061] The engine assembly 100 also includes a piston, a crankshaft, and a connecting rod. The piston is located in the combustion chamber 11, the crankshaft is located in the crankshaft chamber 12, and the connecting rod connects the piston and the crankshaft to drive the crankshaft to rotate when the piston moves.

[0062] Specifically, the cylinder head is provided with an intake passage and an exhaust passage, both of which are connected to the combustion chamber. The engine assembly 100 also includes an intake valve and an exhaust valve. The intake valve is located in the intake passage and is used to control the opening or closing of the intake passage, while the exhaust valve is located in the exhaust passage and is used to control the opening or closing of the exhaust passage.

[0063] When the intake valve opens the intake passage, the exhaust valve closes the exhaust passage, allowing fuel to enter the combustion chamber 11. When the exhaust valve opens the exhaust passage, the intake valve closes the intake passage, allowing exhaust gases generated during fuel combustion to be discharged from the combustion chamber 11 through the exhaust passage.

[0064] During the combustion of fuel in combustion chamber 11, the piston reciprocates within the chamber, thereby driving the crankshaft to rotate via the connecting rod. The chassis includes wheels and axles, with the crankshaft connected to the wheels via the axles.

[0065] In this way, the combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber 11 can drive the wheels to rotate, thereby enabling the vehicle 1000 to drive.

[0066] Based on this, in some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, Figure 4 for Figure 2 Medium engine 10 along Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure viewed from the Y direction. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the engine 10 at BB-, showing the cylinder head 2 located on the side of the combustion chamber 11 opposite to the crankshaft chamber 12 and connected to the cylinder block 1. (See diagram below.) Figure 2 As shown, the cylinder head 2 is provided with a cylinder head space 22 and a first exhaust port 21, and the cylinder head space 22 is connected to the first exhaust port 21.

[0067] The engine 10 is equipped with an exhaust passage. The inlet of the exhaust passage is connected to the crankshaft chamber 12, and the outlet of the exhaust passage is connected to the cylinder head space 22.

[0068] Specifically, the engine 10 also includes a timing shaft, which is installed in the cylinder head space 22 and is used to control the opening and closing of the intake valve and the exhaust valve of the fuel chamber.

[0069] With the above settings, during the operation of the engine 10, as the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 11 leaks into the crankshaft chamber 12 and the cylinder head space 22, the gas content in the crankshaft chamber 12 and the cylinder head space 11 will gradually increase.

[0070] Because the amount of gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 is greater than the amount leaking into the cylinder head space 22, the pressure of the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 will be greater than the pressure of the gas in the cylinder head space 22. Since the cylinder head space 22 is connected to the first exhaust port 21, the inlet of the exhaust passage is connected to the crankshaft chamber 12, and the outlet of the exhaust passage is connected to the cylinder head space 22, under the action of gas pressure, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 will flow into the cylinder head space 22 through the exhaust passage, and will also drive the gas in the cylinder head space 22 to flow towards the first exhaust port 21, thereby being discharged from the cylinder head space 22.

[0071] In this way, by setting the exhaust passage and the first exhaust port 21, it is possible to discharge the gas leaking from the combustion chamber 11 into the crankshaft chamber 12 from the crankshaft chamber 12, and at the same time, use the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 to drive the gas leaking into the cylinder head space 22 to be discharged from the cylinder head space 22, thus improving the discharge effect of the gas leaking into the cylinder head space 22.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, along the first direction ( Figure 5 (As shown in the Z direction), the exhaust passage inlet is located at one end of the engine 10, with the first direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cylinder head 2 and the cylinder block 1, and perpendicular to the extension direction of the crankshaft (as shown in the Z direction). Figure 3(The X direction is shown in the diagram).

[0073] With the above configuration, the gas in the crankcase 12 can flow from one side of the crankcase 12 to the other side of the crankcase 12 in the first direction, and then enter the exhaust passage through the inlet of the exhaust passage. Compared with setting the inlet of the exhaust passage in the middle of the engine 10, it can prevent the gas in the crankcase 12 from accumulating on one side of the crankcase 12, thereby improving the discharge effect of the gas leaking into the crankcase 12.

[0074] In some embodiments, the cylinder head 2 and cylinder block 1 are arranged in the same direction as the width direction of the vehicle 1000, and the first direction is the same as the height direction of the vehicle 1000, with the exhaust passage located at the upper end of the engine 10.

[0075] It is understandable that the gas leaking from combustion chamber 11 has a high temperature and low density. Therefore, when the gas leaks from combustion chamber 11 into crankshaft chamber 12, the gas will converge upwards in crankshaft chamber 12.

[0076] In this way, since the exhaust passage is located at the top of the engine 10, when the gas in the combustion chamber 11 leaks into the crankshaft chamber 12, it will converge upward and flow into the exhaust passage. This allows the gas to enter the exhaust passage more smoothly and prevents the gas from accumulating above the exhaust passage, thereby improving the exhaust passage's effect on expelling the gas that leaks into the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0077] Based on this, in some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, along the extension direction of the crankshaft, the outlet of the exhaust passage is located at one end of the engine 10. Along the extension direction of the crankshaft, the first exhaust port 21 and the outlet of the exhaust passage are located at both ends of the cylinder head 2, respectively. The extension direction of the crankshaft is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cylinder head 2 and the cylinder block 1.

[0078] With the above configuration, since the first exhaust port 21 and the exhaust passage outlet are located at the two ends of the cylinder head 2 respectively, after the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 enters the cylinder head space 22, it will flow from one end of the cylinder head space 22 in the extension direction of the crankshaft to the other end of the cylinder head space 22 in the extension direction of the crankshaft, and then be discharged from the first exhaust port 21.

[0079] In this way, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 can flow through the entire cylinder head space 22, so that the gas leaking into the cylinder head space 22 can be discharged from the cylinder head space 22 more completely, thereby improving the discharge effect of the first exhaust port 21 and exhaust passage on the gas leaking into the cylinder head space 22.

[0080] In some examples, the first exhaust port 21 is located at the upper end of the cylinder head 2.

[0081] In some embodiments, the crankshaft extends in the same direction as the length of the vehicle 1000.

[0082] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the external structure of the exhaust passage. The cylinder head 2 is provided with a first passage 231, which extends along the arrangement direction of the cylinder head 2 and the cylinder block 1. The cylinder head space 22 is located on the side of the first passage 231 that is away from the cylinder block 1.

[0083] The cylinder body 1 is provided with a second channel 13, which is connected to the end of the first channel 231 facing the cylinder body 1.

[0084] The first channel 231 and the second channel 13 form an exhaust channel.

[0085] With the above configuration, the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 can flow into the first channel 231 and the second channel 13, and then flow through the cylinder block 1 and the cylinder head 2 in sequence, and then flow into the cylinder head space 22, and together with the gas leaking into the cylinder head space 22, it is discharged from the first exhaust port 21.

[0086] In this way, compared to placing the exhaust passage outside the cylinder block 1, placing the exhaust passage inside the cylinder block 1 and cylinder head 23 can reduce the space occupied by the engine 10, thereby improving the integration of the engine 10 and facilitating the installation and space arrangement of the engine 10.

[0087] For example, the shape of the first channel 231 can be a circle, a square, or an irregular shape.

[0088] In some examples, such as Figure 5 As shown, the cylinder head 2 includes a cylinder head 23 and a cylinder head cover 24. The cylinder head 23 is connected to the cylinder block 1, and a first channel 231 is provided inside the cylinder head 23 and passes through the cylinder head 23. The cylinder head cover 24 is fastened to the side of the cylinder head 23 facing away from the cylinder block 1, and together with the cylinder head 23, defines a cylinder head space 22.

[0089] Based on this, in some embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the outlet of the first channel 231 is connected to the cylinder head space 22. The outlet of the second channel 13 is connected to the inlet of the first channel 231, and the inlet of the second channel 13 is connected to the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0090] The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the second channel 13 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet of the second channel 13.

[0091] With the above configuration, the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 can pass through the cylinder block 1 through the first channel 231 and through the cylinder head 2 through the second channel 13, thereby entering the cylinder head space 22 and being discharged from the first exhaust port 21 together with the gas leaking into the cylinder head space 22.

[0092] Furthermore, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the second channel 13 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet of the second channel 13, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 will diffuse towards the outlet of the second channel 13 after entering the second channel 13 through the inlet. Compared with the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 converging towards the outlet of the second channel 13 after entering the second channel 13, the resistance encountered by the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 when entering the second channel 13 can be reduced.

[0093] In this way, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 can enter the second channel 13 more smoothly, and thus flow more smoothly in the exhaust channel, so as to discharge the gas that has leaked into the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0094] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second channel 13 includes a first sub-pipe segment 321 and a second sub-pipe segment 322.

[0095] The outlet of the first sub-pipe section 321 is connected to the inlet of the first channel 231. The outlet of the second sub-pipe section 322 is connected to the inlet of the first sub-pipe section 321, and the inlet of the second sub-pipe section 322 is connected to the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0096] The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the second sub-pipe section 322 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet of the first sub-pipe section 321.

[0097] It is understandable that the inner diameter of the end of the second sub-pipe segment 322 facing the first sub-pipe segment 321 is larger than the inner diameter of the end of the first sub-pipe segment 321 facing the second sub-pipe segment 322.

[0098] With the above configuration, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 will diffuse towards the outlet of the second sub-pipe section 322 after entering the second sub-pipe section 322. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the second sub-pipe section 322 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet of the first sub-pipe section 321, the gas flowing to the outlet of the second sub-pipe section 322 will first be blocked by the end face where the outlet of the second sub-pipe section 322 is located, and then converge towards the inlet of the first sub-pipe section 321 and enter the first sub-pipe section 321.

[0099] In this way, through the cooperation of the first sub-pipe section 321 and the second sub-pipe section 322, some oil droplets in the gas attached to the second sub-pipe section 322 can be separated, thereby reducing the amount of oil droplets attached to the gas entering the cylinder head space 22, so as to avoid the accumulation of oil droplets in the cylinder head space 22 and ensure the normal function of the working parts in the cylinder head space 22.

[0100] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the cylinder block 1 is provided with an oil passage 8 for the flow of lubricating oil. The oil passage 8 is located in the cylinder block 1 between the exhaust passage and the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0101] An opening extending to the outer surface of the cylinder block 1 is provided on the inner wall of the exhaust passage on the side opposite to the oil passage 8. The engine 10 also includes a cover 4 covering the opening.

[0102] With the above configuration, since the shielding cover is placed at the opening, the gas in the exhaust passage will not leak out from the opening. This arrangement of the opening and shielding cover 4 increases the volume of the exhaust passage, thereby increasing the rate at which gas enters the exhaust passage from the crankshaft chamber 12. It also prevents the oil passage 8 from obstructing the flow of gas in the exhaust passage, ensuring that any gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 can be smoothly discharged from the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0103] For example, the cover 4 can be located outside the cylinder body 1 or can extend partially into the opening.

[0104] In some embodiments, the exhaust passage is at least partially recessed to the side opposite to the outer surface of the cylinder block 1 to form a recess 3221, and the recess 3221 and the oil passage 8 are arranged sequentially in the arrangement direction of the cylinder head 2 and the cylinder block 1.

[0105] In this way, the volume of the exhaust passage can be further increased by the recessed portion 3221, thereby further increasing the rate at which gas enters the exhaust passage from the crankshaft chamber 12, so as to further ensure that the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 can be smoothly discharged from the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0106] In some examples, both the recess 3221 and the oil passage 8 are located in the second sub-pipe section 322.

[0107] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, along the arrangement direction of the cylinder head 2 and the cylinder block 1, the dimension of the end of the second sub-pipe section 322 facing the first sub-pipe section 321 is greater than the dimension of the end of the second sub-pipe section 322 facing away from the first sub-pipe section 321.

[0108] With the above settings, while ensuring the separation function of the first sub-pipe section 321 and the second sub-pipe section 322 for oil droplets in the attached gas and the air intake requirements of the second sub-pipe section 322, the size of the end of the second sub-pipe section 322 facing away from the first sub-pipe section 321 can be set to be smaller, thereby facilitating the position setting of the second sub-pipe section 322 on the cylinder body 1 and making it easier to open the second channel 13 on the cylinder body 1.

[0109] In other embodiments, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, Figure 7 for Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the engine 10 at BB-. Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the external structure of the exhaust passage. The cylinder block 1 has a third passage 15, and the cylinder head 23 has a fourth passage 232.

[0110] The inlet of the third channel 15 is connected to the crankshaft chamber 12, the outlet of the third channel 15 is connected to the inlet of the fourth channel 232, and the outlet of the fourth channel 232 is connected to the cylinder head space 22.

[0111] The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the third channel 15 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet of the third channel 15.

[0112] This also enables the ventilation pipe 3 to discharge the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0113] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the cylinder block 1 at CC. The engine 10 also includes a timing cover 5. Along the extension direction of the crankshaft, the timing cover 5 is located on one side of the cylinder block 1 and forms an accommodating space 51 between it and the cylinder block 1. The first exhaust port 21 is connected to the accommodating space 51.

[0114] With the above configuration, since the first exhaust port 21 is connected to the accommodating space 51 and the accommodating space 51 is connected to the return port, during the operation of the engine 10, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 and the gas in the cylinder head space 22 will be discharged into the accommodating space 51 through the first exhaust port 21.

[0115] In this way, by setting the timing cover 5 and the return port, the gas leaking from the combustion chamber 11 can be discharged to the containment space 51, so as to avoid the gas leaking from the combustion chamber 11 from accumulating in the crankshaft chamber 12 and cylinder head space 22.

[0116] In some examples, the timing cover 5 is located on the side of the second exhaust port 16 opposite to the outlet of the exhaust passage, and is connected to both the cylinder block 1 and the cylinder head 2.

[0117] In some examples, the engine 10 also includes a timing chain system connected to both the crankshaft and the timing shaft to ensure that the timing shaft and crankshaft rotate synchronously, thereby ensuring the accuracy of opening or closing of the intake valve and exhaust valve in the fuel chamber.

[0118] In some embodiments, the cylinder 1 is provided with a return air port, which is connected to the accommodating space 51 and is used to discharge the gas in the accommodating space 51.

[0119] In this way, the gas leaking from the combustion chamber 11 can be discharged into the containment space 51 through the return port on the cylinder block 1, so as to avoid the gas accumulating in the containment space 51.

[0120] In other embodiments, the timing cover 5 is provided with a vent, which is connected to the accommodating space 51 and is used to discharge gas from the accommodating space 51.

[0121] In this way, the gas leaking from the combustion chamber 11 can be discharged into the containment space 51 through the return port on the timing cover 5, so as to avoid the gas accumulating in the containment space 51.

[0122] Based on this, in some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the filter 6 shown in the figure shows that the engine 10 also includes the filter 6, which is disposed in the accommodating space 51. The filter 6 has an air inlet 61 and an air outlet 62. The air inlet 61 is connected to the accommodating space 51, and the air outlet 62 is connected to the return air port.

[0123] With the above configuration, before the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 and the gas in the cylinder head space 22 are discharged from the return port to the outside of the engine 10, the filter 6 can filter the gas, thereby recovering the oil droplets in the combustion gas and improving the utilization rate of the combustion gas.

[0124] In some examples, the engine assembly 100 also includes an exhaust system, with an intake port 61 connected to a return port. The exhaust system can either introduce the separated gases into the combustion chamber 11 for combustion or exhaust the separated air to the outside of the engine assembly 100.

[0125] In some examples, such as Figure 10 As shown, filter 6 includes housing 63 and multiple oil baffles.

[0126] The housing 63 has a filter chamber, a first sidewall 64, a second sidewall 65, a third sidewall 66, and a fourth sidewall 67. The first sidewall 64 and the second sidewall 65 are disposed opposite to each other, the third sidewall 66 is connected between the first sidewall 64 and the second sidewall 65, and the fourth sidewall 67 is connected between the first sidewall 64 and the second sidewall 65 and is disposed opposite to the third sidewall 66. Both the air inlet 61 and the air outlet 62 are located on the third sidewall 66.

[0127] The filter 6 also includes a first oil-blocking wall 68, which is connected to the third side wall 66 and located between the first side wall 64 and the second side wall 65. The first oil-blocking wall 68 and the fourth side wall 67 are spaced apart.

[0128] An air intake chamber is formed between the first sidewall 64 and the first oil-blocking wall 68, and the air intake chamber is connected to the air inlet 61. An air outlet chamber is formed between the second sidewall 65 and the first oil-blocking wall 68, and the air outlet chamber is connected to the air outlet 62. An oil discharge chamber is formed between the fourth sidewall 67 and the first oil-blocking wall 68. An oil outlet hole 603 is provided on the fourth sidewall 67, and the oil outlet hole 603 is connected to the oil discharge chamber.

[0129] In this way, after the gas in the accommodating space 51 enters the air inlet 61, it will first flow in the air inlet chamber. As it flows towards the air outlet 62, it will continuously come into contact with the first side wall 64, the first oil baffle wall 68, the second side wall 65, and the fourth side wall 67, so that the oil droplets in the gas adhere to the first side wall 64, the first oil baffle wall 68, the second side wall 65, and the fourth side wall 67, thereby separating the oil droplets in the gas. Then, under the action of gravity, it flows out from the oil outlet 603, thus realizing the filtering function of the filter 6 for the oil droplets in the gas.

[0130] In some examples, such as Figure 10 As shown, the filter 6 also includes a second oil baffle wall 69, which is disposed in the oil outlet chamber. The second oil baffle wall 69 is connected to the first side wall 64 and is spaced apart from the second side wall 65.

[0131] In this way, when the gas entering the filter 6 flows through the oil outlet chamber, it will also come into contact with the second oil wall 69, so that the oil droplets in the gas will adhere to the second oil wall 69, thereby improving the filtration effect of the filter 6 on the oil droplets in the gas.

[0132] In some examples, such as Figure 10 As shown, the filter 6 also includes a first protrusion 601 and a second protrusion 602. The first protrusion 601 is connected to the side of the second oil baffle 69 near the second sidewall 65 and extends toward the second sidewall 65 and the fourth sidewall 67. The first protrusion 601 is spaced apart from the second sidewall 65 and from the fourth sidewall 67.

[0133] The second protrusion 602 is located in the air outlet chamber and connected to the second side wall 65. The second protrusion 602 extends toward the first oil baffle wall 68 and is spaced apart from the first oil baffle wall 68.

[0134] In this way, when the gas entering the filter 6 flows through the oil outlet chamber and the gas outlet chamber, it will also come into contact with the first protrusion 601 and the second protrusion 602. This allows the oil droplets in the gas to adhere to the first protrusion 601 and the second protrusion 602, thereby further improving the filtration effect of the filter 6 on the oil droplets in the gas.

[0135] In some examples, engine 10 also includes an oil return line with its inlet connected to the outlet of oil outlet 603 to collect oil droplets separated within filter 6.

[0136] Based on this, in some embodiments, such as Figure 9 , Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder block 1. The engine 10 also includes an oil pan 7, which is connected to the lower part of the cylinder block 1 and located below the timing cover 5. The oil pan 7 defines a receiving cavity 71 between the cylinder block 1 and the timing cover 5. The receiving space 51 communicates with the receiving cavity 71.

[0137] It is understandable that the cavity 71 contains lubricating oil, which is used to lubricate working components such as the crankshaft, so as to extend the service life of the crankshaft and other working components.

[0138] It is understandable that the lubricating oil in the accommodating cavity 71 may also evaporate or adhere to the gas in the accommodating cavity 71.

[0139] With the above configuration, the gas in the accommodating cavity 71 can flow into the accommodating space 51 and be discharged from the return gas port, thus removing the oil droplets attached to the gas in the accommodating cavity and preventing the oil droplets from accumulating in the accommodating space 51.

[0140] In some embodiments, one side of the crankshaft chamber 12 in the first direction is connected to the exhaust passage, and the other side of the crankshaft chamber 12 in the first direction is connected to the receiving cavity 71.

[0141] With the above configuration, during the operation of the engine 10, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 can also flow into the accommodating cavity 71, and then into the accommodating space 51 through the accommodating cavity 71, and then flow out from the return air port.

[0142] In this way, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 can flow to the accommodating space 51 through the exhaust passage and the accommodating cavity 71 at the same time. This allows the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 to be discharged from the crankshaft chamber 12 more quickly, thereby improving the protection effect on the working parts inside the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0143] In some examples, the exhaust passage is located at the top of the engine 10. Since the oil pan 7 is located below the cylinder block 1, some of the gas in the crankcase 12 can be discharged from the upper and lower sides of the crankcase 12. This can further prevent the gas from accumulating in the crankcase 12, thereby improving the exhaust effect of the gas in the crankcase 12.

[0144] In some examples, when the containment space 51 is equipped with a filter 6, during the operation of the engine 10, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 can drive the gas in the containment cavity 71 into the containment space 51 and then into the filter 6, thus also recovering the oil droplets attached to the gas in the containment cavity 71.

[0145] Based on this, in some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the cylinder block 1 is also provided with a second exhaust port 16, which is connected to the crankshaft chamber 12 and the accommodating space 51.

[0146] In this way, the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 can be directly discharged through the second air inlet, which can increase the rate at which the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 is discharged from the crankshaft chamber 12, thereby further improving the protection effect on the working parts inside the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0147] In some embodiments, along the extension direction of the crankshaft, the second exhaust port 16 and the outlet of the exhaust passage are located at both ends of the cylinder block 1, respectively.

[0148] It is understandable that the second exhaust port 16 is located at one end of the cylinder block 1 near the timing cover 5.

[0149] In this way, the gas in the crankcase 12 can be directly discharged into the containment space 51 through the second exhaust port 16, which can further increase the rate at which the gas leaking into the crankcase 12 is discharged from the crankcase 12.

[0150] In some examples, a retaining ring is also provided in the combustion chamber 11 to limit the range of piston movement, and a second exhaust port 16 is provided at the retaining ring for mounting and positioning the retaining ring.

[0151] In some examples, during the operation of the engine 10, the piston can move in the movable part and push the gas leaking from the combustion chamber into the crankshaft chamber 12 directly. Furthermore, the provision of the third exhaust port 17 can reduce the amount of resistance received by the piston during the movement of the movable part, thereby reducing the power consumption of the engine 10.

[0152] In other embodiments, the engine 10 further includes a timing cover 5, which is disposed on one side of the cylinder block 1 along the extension direction of the crankshaft and forms an accommodating space 51 between the timing cover 5 and the cylinder block 1. The cylinder block 1 is also provided with a second exhaust port 16, which communicates with the crankshaft chamber 12 and with the accommodating space 51.

[0153] With the above configuration, some of the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 can be discharged from the first exhaust port 21 together with the gas in the cylinder head space 22 through the exhaust passage, and another part of the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 can flow into the accommodating space 51 through the second exhaust port 16. In this way, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 and the cylinder head space 22 can also be discharged.

[0154] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the engine 10 includes multiple combustion chambers 11, and the crankshaft chamber 12 includes multiple crankshaft cavities 121. The cylinder block 1 is provided with multiple mounting ports, and one crankshaft chamber 12 communicates with one combustion chamber 11 through one mounting port. The mounting ports are used to install connecting rods.

[0155] With the above configuration, multiple combustion chambers 11 can be connected to the crankshaft via multiple connecting rods to jointly drive the crankshaft to rotate, thereby increasing the output power of the engine assembly 100.

[0156] In some embodiments, a plurality of crankshaft chambers 121 are arranged along the extending direction of the crankshaft and are sequentially connected. The second exhaust port 16 is connected to at least one crankshaft chamber 121. In this way, the gas leaking into the plurality of crankshaft chambers 121 will flow into the crankshaft chamber 121 connected to the second exhaust port 16, and then flow out from the second exhaust port 16, thereby realizing the simultaneous discharge of gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 from the first exhaust port 21 and the second exhaust port 16.

[0157] For example, engine 10 can be an inline engine.

[0158] For example, the engine can be a horizontally opposed engine. Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, multiple crankshaft chambers 121 are arranged along the extension direction of the crankshaft. Multiple combustion chambers 11 are located on both sides of the multiple crankshaft chambers 121 in the arrangement direction of the cylinder head 2 and the cylinder block 1.

[0159] For multiple combustion chambers 11 located on any side of multiple crankshaft cavities 121, any two adjacent combustion chambers 11 and any two adjacent crankshaft cavities 121 are connected at intervals.

[0160] It should be explained that, compared to inline engines, in horizontally opposed engines, the combustion gases tend to flow upwards and are more likely to stagnate at the cylinder head 2. Therefore, it is more necessary for the cylinder head space 22 and the crankshaft chamber 12 to be connected so that the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 can drive the combustion gases that have leaked into the cylinder head space 22 to be discharged from the cylinder head space 22.

[0161] Based on this, in some examples, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cylinder block 1 is provided with multiple third exhaust ports 17, which extend from the inner surface of the combustion chamber 11 toward the crankshaft chamber 12 to the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0162] For two adjacent crankshaft chambers 121 and one combustion chamber 11, one crankshaft chamber 121 is connected to the combustion chamber 11 through a third exhaust port 17, and the combustion chamber 11 is connected to the other crankshaft chamber 121 through another third exhaust port 17.

[0163] It is understandable that a piston is located in a combustion chamber 11, the crankshaft passes through multiple crankshaft chambers 121, and the multiple pistons are connected to the crankshaft through multiple connecting rods.

[0164] For example, multiple combustion chambers 11 may be arranged sequentially along a first direction.

[0165] For example, multiple combustion chambers 11 may be arranged in multiple columns along a first direction.

[0166] With the above configuration, multiple combustion chambers 11 and multiple crankshaft cavities 121 can be interconnected through multiple third exhaust ports 17. This allows the gas in the multiple crankshaft cavities 121 to converge in one of the multiple crankshaft cavities 121 that is connected to the second exhaust port 16. As a result, the gas leaking from the multiple combustion chambers 11 into the multiple crankshaft cavities 121 can be discharged to the accommodating space 51 through the second exhaust port 16, and then discharged from the return port, so as to ensure the effective discharge of gas leaking into the crankshaft cavities 12 by the second exhaust port 16.

[0167] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, multiple combustion chambers 11 include a first combustion chamber 111, a second combustion chamber 112, a third combustion chamber 113, and a fourth combustion chamber 114. Multiple crankshaft cavities 121 include a first crankshaft cavity 1211, a second crankshaft cavity 1212, a third crankshaft cavity 1213, and a fourth crankshaft cavity 1214, as an example:

[0168] The first combustion chamber 111 and the second combustion chamber 112 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the crankshaft and are located on one side of the cylinder block 1 in the width direction of the vehicle 1000. The third combustion chamber 113 and the fourth combustion chamber 114 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the crankshaft and are located on the other side of the cylinder block 1 in the width direction of the vehicle 1000.

[0169] The first crankshaft cavity 1211 is connected to the first combustion chamber 111 through a third exhaust port 17, and the first crankshaft cavity 1211 is connected to the third combustion chamber 113 through a third exhaust port 17.

[0170] The second crankshaft cavity 1212 is connected to the first combustion chamber 111 through two third exhaust ports 17, the second crankshaft cavity 1212 is connected to the third combustion chamber 113 through one third exhaust port 17, and the second crankshaft cavity 1212 is connected to the fourth combustion chamber 114 through one third exhaust port 17.

[0171] The third crankshaft cavity 1213 is connected to the fourth combustion chamber 114 through two third exhaust ports 17, the third crankshaft cavity 1213 is connected to the first combustion chamber 111 through one third exhaust port 17, and the third crankshaft cavity 1213 is connected to the second combustion chamber 112 through one third exhaust port 17.

[0172] The fourth crankshaft cavity 1214 is connected to the second combustion chamber 112 through two third exhaust ports 17, and the fourth crankshaft cavity 1214 is connected to the fourth combustion chamber 114 through one third exhaust port 17.

[0173] In some examples, such as Figure 3 , Figure 11 As shown, the upper ends of multiple crankshaft cavities 121 are connected in sequence.

[0174] In this way, the gas leaking into the multiple crankshaft chambers 121 can flow to the second exhaust port 16 through the multiple third exhaust ports 17, or it can gather above the multiple crankshaft chambers 121 and then flow out to the second exhaust port 16. This can prevent the gas from accumulating in the space above the crankshaft chambers 121 and being unable to be discharged from the crankshaft chambers 12, thereby ensuring the normal function of the engine 10.

[0175] Based on the above, in some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cylinder block 1 is provided with a first air inlet 9, which is connected to the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0176] With the above settings, when the gas content in the crankshaft chamber 12 is low, the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 cannot flow into the exhaust passage normally. At this time, air can be supplied to the crankshaft chamber 12 through the first air inlet 9, thereby increasing the gas content in the crankshaft chamber 12, so that the gas in the crankshaft chamber 12 flows back into the exhaust passage, thereby discharging the gas that has leaked into the crankshaft chamber 12 from the crankshaft chamber 12, and discharging the gas that has leaked into the cylinder head space 22 from the cylinder head space 22, ensuring the normal function of the engine 10.

[0177] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the first air intake port 9 and the inlet of the exhaust passage are located at both ends of the cylinder block 1.

[0178] In this way, the air entering the crankshaft chamber 12 from the first air inlet 9 will first flow to one side of the crankshaft chamber 12 in the first direction, and then push the gas into the inlet of the exhaust passage located on the other side of the crankshaft chamber 12 in the first direction, thereby pushing the gas into the exhaust passage to increase the rate at which the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 is discharged from the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0179] In some examples, along the extension direction of the crankshaft, the first intake port 9 and the exhaust passage inlet are located at the same end of the cylinder block 1.

[0180] In this way, the air entering the crankshaft chamber 12 from the first air inlet 9 will first flow to the side of the crankshaft chamber 12 opposite to the accommodating space 51, thereby pushing the gas in the entire crankshaft chamber 12 to flow towards the second exhaust port 16, which can also increase the rate at which the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 is discharged from the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0181] In some examples, the engine assembly 100 also includes a fan located on the engine 10 for supplying air to the first air intake 9.

[0182] In some examples, the cylinder block 1 is provided with a second air inlet, which communicates with the cylinder head space 22. The air inlet device is also used to introduce air into the second air inlet.

[0183] In this way, air can be supplied into the cylinder head space 22, thereby increasing the air content in the cylinder head space 22 and accelerating the rate at which the gas leaking into the crankshaft chamber 12 is discharged from the crankshaft chamber 12.

[0184] In some examples, along the extension direction of the crankshaft, the second intake port is located at one end of the cylinder head space 22 near the outlet of the exhaust passage.

[0185] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An engine characterized by, include: The cylinder block (1) is provided with a combustion chamber (11) and a crankshaft chamber (12) communicating with the combustion chamber (11), the crankshaft chamber being used to install a crankshaft; Cylinder head (2), the cylinder head (2) is located on the side of the combustion chamber (11) opposite to the crankshaft chamber (12) and is connected to the cylinder block (1); the cylinder head (2) is provided with a cylinder head space (22) and a first exhaust port (21), the cylinder head space (22) is connected to the first exhaust port (21); The engine is provided with an exhaust passage, the inlet of which is connected to the crankshaft chamber (12), and the outlet of which is connected to the cylinder head space (22).

2. The engine of claim 1, wherein Along a first direction, the inlet of the exhaust passage is located at one end of the engine. The first direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cylinder head (2) and the cylinder block (1) and perpendicular to the extension direction of the crankshaft.

3. The engine of claim 2, wherein, Along the extension direction of the crankshaft, the first exhaust port (21) and the outlet of the exhaust passage are located at both ends of the cylinder head (2); the extension direction of the crankshaft is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cylinder head (2) and the cylinder block (1).

4. The engine of claim 1, wherein The cylinder head (2) is provided with a first channel (231), which extends along the arrangement direction of the cylinder head (2) and the cylinder body (1), and the cylinder head space (22) is located on the side of the first channel (231) facing away from the cylinder body (1). The cylinder (1) is provided with a second channel (13), which is connected to one end of the first channel (231) facing the cylinder (1); the second channel (13) and the first channel (231) form the exhaust channel.

5. The engine of claim 4, wherein, The outlet of the first channel (231) is connected to the cylinder head space (22); the outlet of the second channel (13) is connected to the inlet of the first channel (231), and the inlet of the second channel (13) is connected to the crankshaft chamber (12); the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the second channel (13) is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet of the second channel (13).

6. The engine of claim 5, wherein, The second channel (13) includes: The first sub-pipe section (321) has its outlet connected to the inlet of the first channel (231); The second sub-pipe section (322) has an outlet that is connected to the inlet of the first sub-pipe section (321) and an inlet that is connected to the crankshaft chamber (12). The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the second sub-pipe section (322) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet of the first sub-pipe section (321).

7. The engine of claim 1, wherein The cylinder body is provided with an oil passage (8) for the flow of lubricating oil, and the oil passage (8) is located in the cylinder body (1) between the exhaust passage and the crankshaft chamber (12).

8. The engine of claim 7, wherein The exhaust passage has an opening on the inner wall of the side opposite to the oil passage (8) that extends to the outer surface of the cylinder block (1), and the engine also includes a cover (4) covering the opening.

9. The engine of claim 8, wherein The exhaust passage is at least partially recessed to the side opposite to the outer surface of the cylinder (1) to form a recess (3221). The recess (3221) and the oil passage (8) are arranged in sequence in the arrangement direction of the cylinder head (2) and the cylinder (1).

10. The engine of claim 6, wherein, Along the arrangement direction of the cylinder head (2) and the cylinder block (1), the dimension of the end of the second sub-pipe segment (322) facing the first sub-pipe segment (321) is greater than the dimension of the end of the second sub-pipe segment (322) facing away from the first sub-pipe segment (321).

11. The engine of any one of claims 1-10, wherein, Also includes: Timing cover (5), along the extending direction of the crankshaft, the timing cover (5) is disposed on one side of the cylinder block (1) and forms an accommodating space (51) between it and the cylinder block (1); The cylinder block (1) is also provided with a second exhaust port (16), which is connected to the crankshaft chamber (12) and the accommodating space (51).

12. The engine of any one of claims 1-10, wherein, Also includes: Timing cover (5), along the extension direction of the crankshaft, the timing cover (5) is disposed on one side of the cylinder block (1) and forms an accommodating space (51) between it and the cylinder block (1), the first exhaust port (21) is connected to the accommodating space (51).

13. The engine of claim 12, wherein, The cylinder (1) is provided with a return port, which is connected to the accommodating space (51) and is used to discharge the gas in the accommodating space (51); And / or, the timing cover (5) is provided with a return air port, which is connected to the accommodating space (51) for discharging gas from the accommodating space (51).

14. The engine of claim 13, wherein, Also includes: A filter (6) is provided in the accommodating space (51). The filter (6) is provided with an air inlet (61) and an air outlet (62). The air inlet (61) is connected to the accommodating space (51), and the air outlet (62) is connected to the return air port.

15. The engine of claim 12, wherein, Also includes: Oil pan (7), the oil pan (7) is connected to the lower part of the cylinder (1) and located below the timing cover (5), the oil pan (7) defines a receiving cavity (71) between the cylinder (1) and the timing cover (5); The accommodating space (51) is connected to the accommodating cavity (71).

16. The engine of claim 15, wherein The crankshaft chamber (12) is connected to the exhaust passage on one side in the first direction, and the crankshaft chamber (12) is connected to the receiving cavity (71) on the other side in the first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cylinder head (2) and the cylinder block (1) and perpendicular to the extension direction of the crankshaft.

17. The engine of claim 12, wherein The cylinder block (1) is also provided with a second exhaust port (16), which is connected to the crankshaft chamber (12) and the accommodating space (51).

18. The engine of claim 17, wherein, Along the extension direction of the crankshaft, the second exhaust port (16) and the outlet of the exhaust passage are located at both ends of the cylinder block (1).

19. The engine of claim 17, wherein The engine includes multiple combustion chambers (11), and the crankshaft chamber (12) includes multiple crankshaft cavities (121); The cylinder block (1) is provided with multiple mounting ports. One crankshaft chamber (12) is connected to one combustion chamber (11) through one of the mounting ports. The mounting ports are used to install connecting rods.

20. The engine of claim 19, wherein, The plurality of crankshaft cavities (121) are arranged along the extension direction of the crankshaft, and the plurality of crankshaft cavities (121) are connected in sequence. The second exhaust port (16) is connected to at least one of the crankshaft cavities (121).

21. The engine of any one of claims 1-10, wherein, The cylinder block (1) is provided with a first air inlet (9), which is connected to the crankshaft chamber (12).

22. The engine of claim 21, wherein, Along the first direction, the first air inlet (9) and the inlet of the exhaust passage are located at both ends of the cylinder block (1). The first direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cylinder head (2) and the cylinder block (1) and perpendicular to the extension direction of the crankshaft.

23. An engine assembly characterized by, include: The engine as described in any one of claims 1-22.

24. The engine assembly of claim 23, wherein, Also includes: A piston, which is disposed within the combustion chamber (11); A crankshaft, wherein the crankshaft is disposed within the crankshaft chamber (12); A connecting rod, which connects the piston and the crankshaft, is used to drive the crankshaft to rotate when the piston moves.

25. A vehicle characterized by include: The engine assembly as described in claim 24.

26. The vehicle of claim 25, wherein, The cylinder head (2) and the cylinder block (1) are arranged in the same direction as the width of the vehicle; the exhaust passage is located at one end of the engine along the height of the vehicle.

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