Marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism and inspection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism and an inspection method, the marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism comprises an inspection ground foot seat, an inspection adjusting pipe, an inspection supporting seat, a linear module, an inspection mechanism and a control box, the inspection mechanism moves back and forth along a guide rail, and a servo motor drives a connecting plate to further drive the inspection mechanism to move; position information of the inspection mechanism is obtained through an encoder of a servo motor, a rack of the inspection mechanism is kept perpendicular to a guide rail of the linear module, the rack is kept parallel to the adjusting plate, the rack freely moves up and down in the support to drive the encoder to rotate, and friction between the inspection mechanism and the bent plate is rolling friction; the rack freely moves up and down and can adapt to rib position line detection requirements of bent plates of different sizes in the moving process, special detection tools do not need to be customized for different bent plates, and the repeated utilization rate of the tools is increased; and data acquisition is realized in a manner that the rack drives the encoder, the inspection precision is high, and accurate data support is provided for the forming quality of the bent plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding inspection technology, specifically to a ship surface forming inspection mechanism and inspection method. Background Technology

[0002] The outer surface of the hull is composed of a large number of complex and non-developable curved panels. The forming, processing and inspection of the curved surface of the hull are the core links in hull construction. At present, shipyards still mainly use the traditional manual sampling method to inspect the curved panels after forming. That is, wooden strips or sample boxes are customized according to the rib lines and center lines of the curved panels, and then the strips / sample boxes are placed by hand or with the help of a lifting tool for comparison.

[0003] This traditional method has many drawbacks: First, the reusability of the templates / templates is poor. Because the shape of the outer plates in different parts of the hull is different, a large number of custom templates / templates need to be made, and the wooden material is easily damaged and deformed. Secondly, the inspection accuracy is low, relying entirely on visual judgment of the error between the processed board and the sample / box, making it difficult to guarantee the processing accuracy of the board; Third, it is labor-intensive and inefficient, requiring repeated placement of sample strips / sample boxes for comparison. Large sample boxes require coordination by multiple people or operation with the help of hoisting equipment.

[0004] Besides traditional methods, there are various existing technologies for inspecting curved plates, but all of them have shortcomings: Inspection schemes based on monocular or binocular vision have limited camera scanning range, requiring an increase in the number of cameras and the installation of fixed supports, resulting in high costs and limited inspection range. Laser scanning technology has stringent requirements for the flatness of curved plate surfaces and the testing environment, making it difficult to adapt to the complex site of shipyards. In addition, the equipment is expensive, requires manual operation of the reflective target ball, and is labor-intensive and inefficient when measuring large curved plates. The support matrix scheme requires the installation of a large number of motor-driven supports, which occupies a large area, is costly, and the deviation in the placement angle of the panels can easily lead to large errors in the measurement data.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an alternative to traditional sample testing, which can improve tool reusability, ensure testing accuracy, reduce labor intensity, and be easy to install and use with low requirements for environment and space. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention proposes a marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism and inspection method to solve the problems of poor reusability, insufficient accuracy, high labor intensity and low adaptability of existing curved plate inspection technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism, characterized in that it includes an inspection base, an inspection adjustment tube, an inspection support base, a linear module, an inspection mechanism, and a control box. The inspection base fixes the bottom of the inspection adjustment tube, and the inspection support base is sleeved on the inspection adjustment tube. The linear module includes a guide rail, a transmission screw, a support plate, and a servo motor. The servo motor drives the transmission screw, which is connected to the support plate. The servo motor drives the support plate to move along the guide rail via the transmission screw. The inspection mechanism is fixed to a support plate and includes a bracket, rack, gear, connecting pin, adjusting plate, connecting plate, bearing, and encoder. The adjusting plate is fixed to the rear side of the connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the support plate. The connecting pin is located on the front side of the connecting plate, and the encoder is mounted on the front side of the connecting pin. The connecting pin and the connecting plate are rotatably connected. The bracket is fixed to the rear side of the connecting pin. The rack passes vertically through the bracket, and the bracket contains a gear and bearing that mesh with the rack. The encoder is driven by the bearing. The up-and-down movement of the inspection rack drives the inspection gear, which in turn drives the bearing, which in turn drives the encoder to rotate. The rack is perpendicular to the guide rail and parallel to the adjusting plate. The control box includes a PLC controller and an industrial control computer. The PLC controller and the industrial control computer are connected in communication. The PLC controller controls the servo motor, and the industrial control computer collects and processes encoder data.

[0008] Furthermore, the servo motor is located at the upper end of one side of the guide rail, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the transmission lead screw through a coupling.

[0009] Furthermore, the servo motor is equipped with an absolute encoder, which is used to obtain the position of the support plate.

[0010] Furthermore, proximity switches are provided on both sides of the linear module.

[0011] Furthermore, the rack has a rack sleeve at its bottom end, and a rack sleeve bearing is provided at its bottom end.

[0012] Furthermore, the rack sleeve has a radially arranged inspection pin on its side, and the inspection pin is engaged and tightened with the side of the rack sleeve bearing.

[0013] The marine surface forming inspection method based on the aforementioned marine surface forming inspection agency includes the following steps: Step 1) Install the two inspection support bases on the two inspection adjustment tubes respectively, and then install the two inspection adjustment tubes on the two inspection foot bases respectively; Step 2) Place the two installed inspection mechanisms on either side of the rib line or center line to be inspected; Step 3) Install the linear module on the inspection support; Step 4) Install the inspection mechanism on the support plate; Step 5) Drive the servo motor to adjust the starting position of the inspection mechanism and clear the encoder; Step 6) Set the sampling frequency, drive the servo motor, and push the inspection mechanism from the inspection start point to the inspection end point. The industrial control all-in-one computer records the encoder value corresponding to the sampling position. Step 7) The industrial control all-in-one computer processes the collected data and compares it with the theoretical curve to calculate the error value.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The disassembly and assembly process is simple. When in use, it can be put into testing operations after simple assembly. When not in use, it can be quickly disassembled and stored. It occupies little space and is easy to arrange and store flexibly on the shipyard site. As a contact-type inspection agency, it has low requirements for the operating environment, adapts to the complex production site of shipyards, and solves the problem of environmental sensitivity of technologies such as visual inspection and laser scanning. The rack of the inspection mechanism can move freely up and down, and can adapt to the rib line inspection requirements of curved plates of different sizes during the movement. There is no need to customize special inspection tools for different curved plates, which improves the reusability of tools. Data acquisition is achieved by using a rack and pinion encoder, with an inspection accuracy of up to the micrometer level, which is far higher than the inspection accuracy of traditional strip sampling, providing precise data support for the quality of curved plate forming. The entire mechanism only needs to be simply assembled and set up at both ends of the rib line to be tested. It can automatically back and forth inspect the rib line through servo drive, eliminating the need for repeated manual handling and comparison of the sample strip / box, thus reducing the labor intensity of the testing personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an assembly structure diagram of the regulating tube for testing purposes in this invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the linear module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front structural view of the testing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an isometric structural diagram of the testing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of the inspection mechanism of the present invention.

[0016] Figure Labels 1. Inspect the base; 2. Inspect the adjusting tube; 3. Inspect the support base; 4. Inspect the linear module. 401 guide rail, 402 support plate, 403 servo motor, 5. Inspection agencies 501 Bracket, 502 Rack, 503 Gear, 504 End Cap, 505 Rack Sleeve 506 Positioning Block, 507 Inspection Pin, 508 Connecting Pin, 509 Adjusting Plate, 510 Pressure plate, 511 Connecting plate, 512 Bearing, 513 Encoder 514 rack and pinion bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] This embodiment proposes a marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism 5, including two inspection bases 1, two inspection adjustment tubes 2 with specifications of GB17395-98, ϕ32mm thickness and 2mm, two inspection support bases 3, a set of linear modules 4, a set of inspection mechanisms 5, and a control box. The inspection bases 1 are made of high-strength alloy steel to ensure the stability of the bottom support; the inspection adjustment tubes 2 are made of precision steel pipes, and their length can be finely adjusted according to actual testing needs; the inspection support bases 3 are fastened to the inspection bases 1 and inspection adjustment tubes 2 with bolts, and anti-slip pads are added to the connection parts to improve stability. See [link to documentation]. Figure 1 .

[0019] The guide rail 401 of the linear module 4 is a high-precision linear guide rail 401, the transmission lead screw is a ball screw, and the servo motor 403 uses a servo drive device with an absolute encoder 513. Proximity switches are installed at the ends of the guide rails 401 on both sides of the linear module 4. When the support plate 402 moves to the end of the guide rail 401, the proximity switch is triggered and controls the servo motor 403 to stop, preventing equipment failure. See [link / reference]. Figure 2 .

[0020] The inspection device is fixed to the support plate 402 during use, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the inspection mechanism 5 includes a bracket 501, a rack 502, a gear 503, a connecting pin 508, an adjusting plate 509, a connecting plate 511, a bearing 512, and an encoder 513. The adjusting plate 509 is fixed to the rear side of the connecting plate 511 and is fixedly connected to the support plate 402. The connecting pin 508 is located on the front side of the connecting plate 511, and the encoder 513 is installed on the front side of the connecting pin 508. The connecting pin 508 and the connecting plate 511 are rotatably connected.

[0021] The bracket 501 is fixed to the rear side of the connecting pin 508. The outer side of the connecting pin 508 is provided with an end cover 506, and the encoder 513 is installed on the end cover 506.

[0022] The rack 502 passes vertically through the bracket 501. The bracket 501 has positioning blocks 506 at its upper and lower ends to guide and limit the rack. The bracket 501 has a gear 503 and a bearing 512 that cooperate with the rack 502. The encoder 513 is connected to the bearing 512. The up and down movement of the inspection rack 502 can drive the inspection gear 503 to move, which in turn drives the bearing 512 to move, and then drives the encoder 513 to rotate. The rack 502 is perpendicular to the guide rail and parallel to the adjustment plate 509.

[0023] The inspection adjustment plate 509 is connected to the support plate 402 of the linear module 4, the inspection connecting plate 511 is connected to the inspection adjustment plate 509, the inspection connecting pin 508 is connected to the inspection connecting plate 511, and the inspection connecting pin 508 can move around the inspection connecting plate 511 to adjust the parallelism between the inspection lead screw and the inspection adjustment plate 509.

[0024] The rack 502 of the inspection mechanism 5 is made of wear-resistant alloy steel. The rack sleeve 505 and rack sleeve bearing 514 at its bottom end are detachable for easy replacement and maintenance. The rack sleeve 505 is installed at the bottom end of the rack 502, and the rack sleeve bearing 514 is installed at the bottom end of the inspection rack sleeve 505 to ensure that the friction between the inspection mechanism 5 and the curved plate is rolling friction. The side of the rack sleeve 505 is provided with an inspection pin 507 along the radial direction. The inspection pin 507 and the side of the rack sleeve bearing 514 are fitted together and tightened.

[0025] The encoder 513 is a high-precision incremental encoder that can provide real-time feedback on the displacement data of the rack 502. The PLC controller built into the control box is a Siemens S7-200 series, and the industrial control all-in-one machine is equipped with a touch screen display, which can realize the functions of setting detection parameters, real-time data display, and historical data query.

[0026] The specific operation of this embodiment is as follows: Assemble the basic structure: Fix the two inspection support bases 3 to the preset positions of the two inspection adjustment tubes 2 with bolts, and then install the two inspection adjustment tubes 2 vertically on the two inspection foot bases 1, ensuring that there is no looseness in any connection parts.

[0027] Set up the testing station: hoist the two assembled basic mechanisms to both sides of the rib line of the marine curved plate to be inspected, ensuring the parallelism between the mechanism and the rib line, and that the spacing between the two mechanisms is adapted to the width of the curved plate.

[0028] Install linear module 4: Hoist linear module 4 above inspection support 3, position it with positioning pins and tighten it with bolts. After completion, debug linear module 4 to ensure that support plate 402 moves smoothly along guide rail 401 without jamming.

[0029] Install the inspection mechanism 5: Connect the inspection mechanism 5 to the support plate 402 via the adjusting plate 509, adjust the connecting pin 508 to keep the rack 502 perpendicular to the guide rail 401, and then use the pressure plate 510 to press and fix each connecting part.

[0030] Initialize the equipment: Turn on the power of the control box, drive the servo motor 403 of the linear module 4 to move the inspection mechanism 5 to the detection starting point, and then execute the encoder 513 zeroing command on the industrial control integrated computer operation interface to complete the equipment initialization.

[0031] Setting parameters and collecting data: According to the accuracy requirements of the curved board inspection, the sampling frequency is set to 50Hz in the industrial control all-in-one computer. Click the "Start Inspection" button, and the servo motor 403 drives the inspection mechanism 5 to move from the starting point to the end point along the guide rail 401. The industrial control all-in-one computer synchronously records the encoder 513 value of each sampling point.

[0032] Data analysis and error judgment: The industrial control computer automatically matches the collected actual data with the theoretical curve of the rib line of the curved plate of this model, calculates the error value of each sampling point, and if the error value is within ±5μm, the rib line of the curved plate is judged to be qualified; if there are out-of-tolerance points, the out-of-tolerance position and value are marked on the industrial control computer interface to provide a basis for subsequent curved plate correction.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism, characterized in that, The system includes an inspection base (1), an inspection adjustment tube (2), an inspection support (3), a linear module (4), an inspection mechanism (5), and a control box. The inspection base (1) fixes the bottom of the inspection adjustment tube (2). The inspection support (3) is fitted onto the inspection adjustment tube (2). The linear module (4) includes a guide rail (401), a transmission screw, a support plate (402), and a servo motor (403). The servo motor (403) drives the transmission screw, which is connected to the support plate (402). The servo motor (403) drives the support plate (402) to move along the guide rail (401) through the transmission screw. The inspection mechanism is fixed on the support plate (402). The inspection mechanism (5) includes a bracket (501), a rack (502), a gear (503), a connecting pin (508), an adjusting plate (509), a connecting plate (511), a bearing (512), and an encoder (513). The adjusting plate (509) is fixed to the rear side of the connecting plate (511). The adjusting plate (509) is fixedly connected to the support plate (402). The connecting pin (508) is located on the front side of the connecting plate (511). The encoder (513) is installed on the front side of the connecting pin (508). The connecting pin (508) and the connecting plate (512) are connected together. 1) Rotary connection: The bracket (501) is fixed to the rear side of the connecting pin (508). The rack (502) passes vertically through the bracket (501). The bracket (501) is equipped with a gear (503) and a bearing (512) that mesh with the rack (502). The encoder (513) is connected to the bearing (512) in a transmission manner. The up-and-down movement of the inspection rack (502) can drive the inspection gear (503) to move, which in turn drives the bearing (512) to move, and then drives the encoder (513) to rotate. The rack (502) remains perpendicular to the guide rail and parallel to the adjusting plate (509). The control box includes a PLC controller and an industrial control computer. The PLC controller and the industrial control computer are connected in communication. The PLC controller controls the servo motor, and the industrial control computer collects and processes encoder data.

2. The marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The servo motor (403) is located at the upper end of one side of the guide rail (401), and the output shaft of the servo motor (403) is connected to the transmission screw through a coupling.

3. The marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The servo motor (403) is equipped with an absolute encoder, and the position of the support plate (402) is obtained through the absolute encoder.

4. The marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear module (4) is equipped with proximity switches on both sides.

5. The marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rack has a rack sleeve (505) at its bottom end, and a rack sleeve bearing (514) is provided at the bottom end of the rack sleeve (505).

6. The marine curved surface forming inspection mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rack sleeve (505) has a radial inspection pin (507) on its side, and the inspection pin (507) and the side of the rack sleeve bearing (514) are fitted together and tightened.

7. A method for inspecting marine curved surface forming based on the marine curved surface forming inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1) Install the two inspection support bases (3) on the two inspection adjustment tubes (2) respectively, and then install the two inspection adjustment tubes (2) on the two inspection foot bases (1) respectively; Step 2) Place the two installed inspection mechanisms on either side of the rib line or center line to be inspected; Step 3) Install the linear module (4) on the inspection support (3); Step 4) Install the inspection mechanism on the support plate (402); Step 5) Drive the servo motor (403) to adjust the starting position of the inspection mechanism and perform a zeroing operation on the encoder (513); Step 6) Set the sampling frequency, drive the servo motor (403) to push the inspection mechanism from the inspection start point to the inspection end point, and the industrial control all-in-one computer records the encoder (513) value corresponding to the sampling position; Step 7) The industrial control all-in-one computer processes the collected data and compares it with the theoretical curve to calculate the error value.

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