Automatic monitoring method and monitoring system for horizontal displacement of deep layer of soil body

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic monitoring method and system for horizontal displacement of a deep soil body, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, drilling a monitoring point, vertically arranging an inclinometer tube, and forming a hole in the tube wall of the inclinometer tube; s2, a plurality of tilt angle sensors are fixed to the outer wall of the grouting pipe at preset intervals; s3, lowering an integrated monitoring assembly into the inclinometer pipe; s4, grout is injected into the grouting pipe, and gaps between the grouting pipe and the inclinometer pipe and gaps between the inclinometer pipe and the surrounding soil body are filled with the grout; s5, installing an earth surface control system and an earth surface power supply system; s6, automatically and periodically collecting data of each tilt angle sensor through a ground surface control system, and transmitting the data to a remote monitoring center in a wireless communication mode; and S7, processing, analyzing, displaying and early warning the received data at the remote monitoring center. According to the scheme, long-term, stable, automatic, continuous, high-precision and high-reliability automatic monitoring can be carried out on the horizontal displacement of the deep soil body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil displacement monitoring technology, specifically to an automatic monitoring method and system for deep horizontal displacement of soil. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of infrastructure construction in my country and the increasing frequency of engineering activities in mountainous and hilly areas, geotechnical engineering safety issues such as slope instability, foundation pit collapse, and landslides are becoming increasingly prominent. Deep horizontal displacement of soil is a key parameter reflecting the internal deformation and stability of soil and rock masses. Accurate, continuous, and timely monitoring of this displacement is of great significance for early warning of disasters, engineering safety assessment, and risk management.

[0003] Currently, the most widely used method for monitoring deep horizontal displacement in engineering is the traditional mobile inclinometer method. This method typically requires pre-burying an inclinometer tube with a guide groove in the soil layer. During monitoring, the inclinometer probe is manually inserted into the tube at different depths in sections, and the inclination angle is measured point by point. The cumulative value of horizontal displacement at different depths is then calculated. Although this method is technically mature, it has revealed many limitations and defects in practical applications: 1. Low efficiency of manual operation: It requires technicians to go to the site regularly to measure section by section, which is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and risky in harsh environments or dangerous areas.

[0004] 2. Data is discrete and lacks continuity: The monitoring data is collected at discrete time points, which cannot achieve true continuous real-time monitoring. It may miss key transient deformation information, which is not conducive to dynamic analysis and early warning.

[0005] 3. Poor sensor stability and easy data drift: Traditional probes are movable, and there are slight differences in the measurement position each time. In addition, the coupling state between the probe and the pipe wall is easily affected by vibration, foreign objects in the pipe or wear of the guide groove, resulting in poor measurement repeatability and data drift error.

[0006] 4. Low system integration and insufficient automation: Most systems only have data acquisition functions, power supply mostly depends on on-site mains power, data storage, processing and transmission require manual intervention, making it difficult to build an unattended remote intelligent monitoring network.

[0007] 5. Inadequate installation techniques and sensor protection: The coupling between the inclinometer tube and the surrounding soil usually relies solely on backfilled sand, which has uneven compaction. In soft soil or under dynamic loads, relative displacement can easily occur, leading to monitoring system failure. The sensor itself lacks effective reinforcement and protection measures, making it difficult to guarantee long-term stability under complex geological conditions.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method and system for monitoring the horizontal displacement of deep soil that can achieve long-term, stable, automatic, continuous, high-precision, and high-reliability monitoring, in order to meet the development needs of intelligent and networked safety monitoring in modern geotechnical engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic monitoring method and system for deep horizontal displacement of soil, which solves the problems of low efficiency, data dispersion, poor continuity, and low reliability in current manual soil displacement monitoring.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: Firstly, an automatic monitoring method for deep horizontal displacement of soil is provided, which includes the following steps: S1. Drill holes at the monitoring points and vertically install inclinometer tubes. The tube walls have holes for grout diffusion. S2. Fix multiple tilt sensors at preset intervals to the outer wall of the grouting pipe, forming an integrated monitoring assembly. S3. Lower the integrated monitoring assembly into the inclinometer tube, ensuring the tilt sensor measurement direction aligns with the inclinometer tube's guiding direction. S4. Inject grout into the grouting pipe, filling the gaps between the grouting pipe and the inclinometer tube, as well as between the inclinometer tube and the surrounding soil. After solidification, it forms a composite structure that integrates multiple tilt sensors, the grouting pipe, the inclinometer tube, and the surrounding soil. S5. Install a surface control system and a surface power supply system, electrically connecting them to all tilt sensors. S6. Automatically and periodically collect data from each tilt sensor through the surface control system and transmit the data to a remote monitoring center via wireless communication. S7. Process, analyze, display, and issue warnings for the received data at the remote monitoring center.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S1, the holes on the wall of the inclinometer tube are arranged in a quincunx pattern.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S2, the tilt sensor is a digital output MEMS tilt sensor, and the preset spacing is 0.2-2 meters.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S4, the grout is cement mortar or chemical grouting material, and the grouting pressure is low-pressure slow injection to ensure that the grout spreads fully without damaging the soil structure.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S6, the wireless communication method is one or more combinations of 4G, 5G, NB-IoT, or LoRa.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S7, the monitoring center platform can generate displacement variation curves with depth and displacement variation curves with time, and has a multi-level alarm mechanism with displacement threshold and change rate threshold.

[0016] Secondly, a monitoring system employing an automatic monitoring method for deep horizontal displacement of soil is provided, comprising: The composite structure embedded in the soil consists of a grouting pipe, multiple tilt sensors fixed to the outer wall of the grouting pipe, and an externally wrapped solidified grout and inclinometer tube. The surface control system and the surface power supply system are as follows: The surface control system includes an industrial computer or embedded data acquisition unit, which has data storage, local computing and program control functions; The surface power supply system includes solar panels, batteries and power management modules, which are used to power the entire monitoring system. The remote monitoring center is used to receive, store, analyze, and display data from the surface control system.

[0017] Furthermore, the cables of multiple tilt sensors are integrated into a single main cable, which is then led along the grouting pipe to the ground surface and electrically connected to the control and industrial control computer or embedded data acquisition unit.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This scheme employs grouting reinforcement technology, solving the problem of loose coupling between the tilt sensor and the soil. The composite structure formed after the grout solidifies ensures that the tilt sensor and soil deformation are highly synchronized, avoiding errors caused by loosening or slippage of the tilt sensor and ensuring long-term stable and reliable monitoring data. It is particularly suitable for easily deformable strata such as soft soil and backfill soil. The tilt sensors arranged at equal intervals in this scheme form a detection array. The tilt sensors can be densely deployed along the depth direction, which can finely characterize the deformation differences at different depths within the soil and identify the location of potential sliding surfaces. This results in continuous monitoring data with extremely high time resolution, making it possible to capture sudden deformations and conduct refined deformation mechanism analysis.

[0019] 2. The structural components of this solution are prefabricated in the factory. On-site, only drilling, lowering, and grouting operations are required, eliminating the need for repeated lifting of tilt sensors or manual intervention. This achieves standardized and modular construction, improving the convenience of installation and construction.

[0020] 3. The monitoring center of this solution can simultaneously manage multiple monitoring points distributed in different areas, and has intelligent early warning, big data analysis and auxiliary decision-making functions, thereby building an intelligent monitoring and early warning system that is unattended and managed by personnel. This solution can adapt to long-term operation in mountainous areas, slopes and other scenarios without power grid coverage. Under the protection of the grouting body, the tilt sensor and line have extremely strong waterproof, moisture-proof and mechanical damage resistance capabilities, and the overall system has high durability.

[0021] 4. This solution is not only applicable to conventional slope and foundation pit monitoring, but can also be widely used in various geotechnical engineering and geological environment fields that require monitoring of deep horizontal displacement, such as lateral displacement caused by differential settlement of embankment, reservoir bank landslides, tailings dam stability, and soil deformation around tunnels. Its applicability is wide. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become clearer through the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals indicate the same parts in all the drawings. The drawings are not intentionally drawn to scale to actual dimensions; the focus is on illustrating the main points of the invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring system in this scheme.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the automatic monitoring method in this scheme.

[0025] Among them, 1. Drilling, 2. Inclinometer tube, 3. Inclination sensor, 4. Grouting pipe, 5. Grout, 6. Surface control system, and 7. Surface power supply system. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the automatic monitoring system for deep horizontal displacement of soil in this scheme includes: a composite structure buried in the soil, which consists of a grouting pipe 4, multiple tilt sensors 3 fixed to the outer wall of the grouting pipe 4, and an externally wrapped solidified grout and inclinometer 2; a surface control system 6 and a surface power supply system 7. The surface control system 6 includes an industrial computer or embedded data acquisition unit, which has data storage, local calculation and program control functions. The cables of multiple tilt sensors 3 are integrated into a single main cable and led along the grouting pipe 4 to the surface and electrically connected to the control and industrial computer or embedded data acquisition unit. The surface power supply system 7 includes solar panels, batteries and power management modules to power the entire monitoring system; and a remote monitoring center to receive, store, analyze and display data from the surface control system 6.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the automatic monitoring method for deep horizontal displacement of soil in this scheme includes the following steps: S1. Drill hole 1 at the monitoring point and vertically install inclinometer tube 2. The wall of inclinometer tube 2 has holes for the diffusion of grout 5, and the holes are arranged in a quincunx pattern. S2. Fix multiple tilt sensors 3 to the outer wall of grouting pipe 4 at a preset interval to form an integrated monitoring component. The tilt sensors 3 are digital output MEMS tilt sensors, and the preset interval is 0.2-2 meters. S3. Lower the integrated monitoring component into the inclinometer tube 2, and make the measurement direction of the tilt sensors 3 consistent with the guiding direction of the inclinometer tube 2. S4. Inject grout 5 into grouting pipe 4. The grout 5 fills the gaps between grouting pipe 4 and inclinometer tube 2, as well as between inclinometer tube 2 and the surrounding soil. After solidification, it forms a composite structure that consolidates multiple tilt sensors 3, grouting pipe 4, inclinometer tube 2, and surrounding soil into one unit. The structure is as follows: S5, the grout 5 is cement mortar or chemical grouting material, and the grouting pressure is low pressure and slow injection to ensure that the grout 5 can fully diffuse without damaging the soil structure; S6, install the surface control system 6 and the surface power supply system 7, and electrically connect them to all tilt sensors 3; S7, automatically and periodically collect data from each tilt sensor 3 through the surface control system 6, and transmit the data to the remote monitoring center through wireless communication; the wireless communication method is one or more combinations of 4G, 5G, NB-IoT or LoRa; S8, process, analyze, display and warn of the received data at the remote monitoring center; the monitoring center platform can generate displacement-depth curves and displacement-time curves, and has a multi-level alarm mechanism with displacement threshold and change rate threshold.

[0032] In summary, this solution employs grouting reinforcement technology to fix the tilt sensor 3 within the inclinometer tube 2, preventing sensor position changes caused by vibration, pore water pressure, or construction disturbance. The tilt sensors 3 are equidistantly arranged along the depth direction, enabling the acquisition of high-resolution, multi-layered information on soil horizontal displacement changes, thus improving data integrity and accuracy. This solution utilizes a standardized structural design, allowing for one-time deployment after drilling 1, eliminating the need for repeated sensor lifting or manual intervention. This solution is suitable for deployment in areas without electricity, offering solar and multi-source power options to support long-term operation. The industrial control computer features adaptive sampling, remote upgrades, alarm judgment, and data caching functions, achieving truly unattended engineering monitoring. This solution is applicable to deep horizontal displacement monitoring in various geological environments such as high embankments, landslides, and foundation pits, demonstrating its wide applicability.

[0033] Although the specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this patent; various modifications and variations that can be made by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort within the scope described in the claims are still within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. An automatic monitoring method for deep horizontal displacement of soil, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Drill holes at the monitoring points and install inclinometer tubes vertically. The walls of the inclinometer tubes are provided with holes for slurry diffusion. S2. Fix multiple tilt sensors at a preset interval to the outer wall of the grouting pipe to form an integrated monitoring component; S3. Lower the integrated monitoring component into the inclinometer tube and make the measurement direction of the tilt sensor consistent with the guiding direction of the inclinometer tube; S4. Inject grout into the grouting pipe. The grout fills the gaps between the grouting pipe and the inclinometer pipe, as well as between the inclinometer pipe and the surrounding soil. After solidification, it forms a composite structure that integrates multiple tilt sensors, grouting pipes, inclinometer pipes, and the surrounding soil. S5. Install the surface control system and surface power supply system, and electrically connect them to all tilt sensors; S6. The surface control system automatically and periodically collects data from each tilt sensor and transmits the data to the remote monitoring center via wireless communication. S7. Process, analyze, display, and issue early warnings for the received data at the remote monitoring center.

2. The automatic monitoring method for deep horizontal displacement of soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the holes on the wall of the inclinometer tube are arranged in a quincunx pattern.

3. The automatic monitoring method for deep horizontal displacement of soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the tilt sensor is a digital output MEMS tilt sensor, and the preset spacing is 0.2-2 meters.

4. The automatic monitoring method for deep horizontal displacement of soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the grout is cement mortar or chemical grouting material, and the grouting pressure is low-pressure and slow-injection to ensure that the grout spreads fully without damaging the soil structure.

5. The automatic monitoring method for deep horizontal displacement of soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the wireless communication method is one or more combinations of 4G, 5G, NB-IoT, or LoRa.

6. The automatic monitoring method for deep horizontal displacement of soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S7, the monitoring center platform can generate displacement variation curves with depth and displacement variation curves with time, and has a multi-level alarm mechanism with displacement threshold and change rate threshold.

7. A monitoring system employing the automatic monitoring method for deep horizontal displacement of soil as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: The composite structure embedded in the soil consists of a grouting pipe, multiple tilt sensors fixed to the outer wall of the grouting pipe, and an externally wrapped solidified grout and inclinometer tube. The surface control system and the surface power supply system are as follows: The surface control system includes an industrial computer or embedded data acquisition unit, which has data storage, local computing and program control functions; The surface power supply system includes solar panels, batteries and power management modules, which are used to power the entire monitoring system. The remote monitoring center is used to receive, store, analyze, and display data from the surface control system.

8. The monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cables of multiple tilt sensors are integrated into a single main cable, which is then led through the grouting pipe to the ground surface and electrically connected to a control and industrial computer or an embedded data acquisition device.

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