Method, device and equipment for determining three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of ring welding joint
By constructing a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system and using an improved hydrogen microprinting technique, combined with scanning electron microscopy imaging, the precise characterization of the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution in the ring weld joint was achieved. This solves the problem of the inability to accurately identify hydrogen enrichment hotspots in existing technologies and improves the intuitiveness and accuracy of hydrogen distribution determination.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PIPECHINA SOUTH CHINA CO
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot accurately characterize the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of ring welded joints, leading to failure problems such as hydrogen-induced cracking. Traditional methods such as three-dimensional atomic probe chromatography are difficult and costly to prepare samples, while thermal desorption spectroscopy lacks spatial resolution.
By constructing a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system, performing electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment, and using an improved hydrogen microprinting reagent, combined with scanning electron microscopy imaging, a correlation was established between the silver particle distribution image and coordinate information. Based on the relationship between silver particle density and hydrogen content, a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model was constructed.
Precise characterization of three-dimensional hydrogen distribution across the entire area of a ring weld joint was achieved under ordinary laboratory conditions, improving operational convenience and accuracy, identifying hydrogen enrichment hotspots, and overcoming the limitations of two-dimensional characterization in traditional techniques.
Smart Images
Figure CN122016900A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of hydrogen pipeline safety service technology, and more particularly to the field of characterization of hydrogen distribution in metallic materials, specifically to a method, apparatus and equipment for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint. Background Technology
[0002] Ring welds are core connection points in pressure-bearing equipment such as hydrogen pipelines and pressure vessels. Residual stress and microstructural inhomogeneity generated during welding can easily lead to hydrogen atom accumulation at these points, causing hydrogen-induced cracking and other failures, seriously threatening the safe operation of pipelines and equipment. Therefore, accurately characterizing the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of ring welds is a key prerequisite for revealing the hydrogen embrittlement mechanism and optimizing welding processes.
[0003] There is no precise characterization technique specifically for the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of ring welded joints in the existing technology. For example, although three-dimensional atomic probe chromatography can achieve atomic-level quantitative analysis, the sample preparation is difficult, the testing cost is extremely high, and it is difficult to cover the complex three-dimensional region of the ring welded joint. Thermal desorption spectroscopy can only determine the total hydrogen content, has no spatial resolution, and cannot reflect the local enrichment state of hydrogen. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application provides a method, apparatus, and equipment for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint, so as to improve the intuitiveness and accuracy of determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint.
[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint is provided, the method comprising: Based on the radial, axial and circumferential directions of the welded joint to be analyzed, a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system is constructed, and based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system, at least two samples to be analyzed and the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed are determined. The sample to be analyzed was subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment to obtain a hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed, and a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent was used to perform a hydrogen microprinting reaction on the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle deposition sample. The silver-containing particle deposition sample was imaged using a scanning electron microscope to obtain a silver particle distribution image. The silver particle distribution image was then correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset. Based on the aforementioned spatial distribution dataset of silver particles and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model for the ring weld joint to be analyzed is determined.
[0006] According to another aspect of this application, a device for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint is provided, the device comprising: The module for determining the specimen to be analyzed and its coordinate information is used to construct a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system based on the radial, axial and circumferential directions of the welded joint to be analyzed, and to determine at least two specimens to be analyzed and the three-dimensional coordinate information of each specimen based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system. The silver particle deposition sample determination module is used to electrochemically hydrogenate the sample to be analyzed to obtain the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed, and to perform hydrogen microprinting reaction on the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed using a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent to obtain the silver particle deposition sample. The silver particle spatial distribution dataset determination module is used to image the silver particle-containing deposition sample using a scanning electron microscope to obtain a silver particle distribution image, and to associate the silver particle distribution image with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset. The three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model determination module is used to determine the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed based on the silver particle spatial distribution dataset and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content.
[0007] According to another aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising: One or more processors; Memory, used to store one or more programs; When one or more programs are executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors implement any of the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution determination methods for ring welded joints provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0008] According to another aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the methods for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0009] According to another aspect of this application, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements any of the methods for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0010] This application constructs a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system based on the radial, axial, and circumferential directions of the welded joint to be analyzed, and determines at least two samples to be analyzed and their three-dimensional coordinate information based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system; the samples to be analyzed are subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment to obtain hydrogen-containing samples to be analyzed, and hydrogen microprinting reaction is carried out on the hydrogen-containing samples to be analyzed using a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent to obtain silver particle deposition samples; the silver particle deposition samples are imaged using a scanning electron microscope to obtain silver particle distribution images, and the silver particle distribution images are correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset; based on the silver particle spatial distribution dataset and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the welded joint to be analyzed is determined. The above scheme, by establishing a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system in the radial, axial and circumferential directions, and combining improved hydrogen microprinting technology and three-dimensional reconstruction technology, can accurately characterize the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of the entire area of the ring weld joint under ordinary laboratory conditions. It has both ease of operation and accuracy of characterization, realizes the construction of a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model, and improves the intuitiveness and accuracy of determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of the ring weld joint. Attached Figure Description
[0011] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint according to Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint according to Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution determination device for a ring welded joint according to Embodiment 3 of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device that implements the method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of the ring weld joint in Embodiment 4 of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0012] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0013] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.
[0014] Furthermore, it should be noted that the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, and disclosure of the three-dimensional coordinate information and other related data involved in the technical solution of this application all comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.
[0015] Example 1 Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint according to Embodiment 1 of this application. This embodiment is applicable to characterizing the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of ring weld joints in hydrogen transport pipelines, hydrogen-blending pipelines, etc. The method can be executed by a ring weld joint three-dimensional hydrogen distribution determination device, which can be implemented in hardware and / or software and can be configured in a computer device, such as a server. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: S110. Based on the radial, axial and circumferential directions of the welded joint to be analyzed, construct a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system, and based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system, determine at least two samples to be analyzed and the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed.
[0016] The welded joint to be analyzed refers to the connection part welded along the circumference of a ring when connecting hydrogen pipelines, hydrogen blending pipelines, etc. The welded joint to be analyzed can be a complete ring welded joint or ring welded joints at different time points, depending on the object to be studied. The radial direction of the welded joint to be analyzed is the direction radiating outward from the center of the welded joint to be analyzed, perpendicular to the weld surface. The axial direction of the welded joint to be analyzed is along the axis of the pipeline or ring, i.e., longitudinal. The circumferential direction of the welded joint to be analyzed is along the circumference. A three-dimensional sampling coordinate system is constructed based on the geometric characteristics of the welded joint to be analyzed, providing a unique spatial address identifier for each hydrogen content micro-observation pilot, ensuring data traceability. The sample to be analyzed is a physical sample unit used for hydrogen distribution testing, cut and prepared from the welded joint. The three-dimensional coordinate information is the positional information related to each sample to be analyzed, which may include spatial positional information such as identification number, radial coordinate, axial coordinate, and circumferential coordinate.
[0017] Optionally, based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system, at least two samples to be analyzed and their three-dimensional coordinate information are determined, including: selecting at least two sampling layers within the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system; wherein the sampling layers cover the weld area, heat-affected zone, and base material area of the welded joint to be analyzed; for each sampling layer, the sampling layer is divided according to a preset spacing to obtain at least two samples to be analyzed, and the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed is determined based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system and the samples to be analyzed.
[0018] Specifically, a ring weld joint to be characterized can be selected, and a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system can be constructed along its radial, axial, and circumferential directions. Multiple sampling layers covering the weld zone, heat-affected zone, and base material zone can be selected within this three-dimensional sampling coordinate system. The spacing between the sampling layers can be determined based on the thickness of the ring weld joint and the weld layer; this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this. Each sampling layer is divided into sampling units, i.e., the samples to be analyzed, at equal intervals. Each sample to be analyzed is sequentially ground and polished until the surface achieves a mirror finish. Subsequently, metallographic etching can be performed using a 4% nitric acid-anhydrous ethanol solution for 5-10 seconds. After etching, the sample is rinsed sequentially with deionized water and alcohol, and then dried for later use. There are two sampling methods for the ring weld joint: one is layered sampling along the circumference of the ring weld joint, and the other is radial sampling along the ring weld joint. To better visualize the hydrogen distribution in three dimensions, both methods can be used simultaneously, and the subsequent characterization of hydrogen distribution can be fused. This provides a foundation for the spatial positioning and three-dimensional reconstruction of subsequent hydrogen distribution test data.
[0019] S120. The sample to be analyzed is subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment to obtain a hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed, and a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent is used to perform a hydrogen microprinting reaction on the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle deposition sample.
[0020] Optionally, the sample to be analyzed is subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment to obtain a hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed, comprising: using the sample to be analyzed as the cathode and a platinum electrode as the anode, immersing it in an electrolyte containing 0.2 mol / L sulfuric acid and 2.5 g / L thiourea, and charging at 1-15 mA / cm at room temperature. 2 A constant current was applied to the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed by charging it with hydrogen at a constant current density.
[0021] Specifically, electrochemical hydrogen charging can be performed using an electrolyte solution of a mixture of 0.2 mol / L H₂SO₄ solution and 2.5 g / L thiourea. The sample to be analyzed is used as the cathode, and a platinum electrode is used as the anode. The sample is connected to an electrochemical workstation, and constant current hydrogen charging is performed at room temperature, with the current density controlled at 1-15 mA / cm². 2 The hydrogen charging time can be adjusted to 24-72 hours depending on the thickness of the ring weld joint to ensure that hydrogen atoms diffuse fully into all areas of the sample to be analyzed.
[0022] Optionally, the pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent includes a silver bromide-nitrite mixed emulsion and a cleaning solution; the silver bromide-nitrite mixed emulsion is prepared from silver bromide powder, soluble nitrite and deionized water; the cleaning solution is a mixture of 100-200 g / L sodium thiosulfate and 100 g / L sodium nitrite.
[0023] Specifically, a safe hydrogen microprinting reagent is first prepared, including an AgBr-nitrite mixed emulsion and a cleaning solution. The AgBr-nitrite mixed emulsion is prepared from AgBr powder, soluble nitrite, and deionized water. The cleaning solution is a mixture of 100-200 g / L Na2S2O3 and 100 g / L NaNO2. Next, emulsion coating and reaction are performed. Under normal laboratory low-light conditions (no strict darkroom required), the operation difficulty and equipment requirements are significantly reduced. Using a microcoating pen, the AgBr-nitrite mixed emulsion is uniformly coated onto the surface of each hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed, with a coating thickness of 50-100 μm. The mixture is then allowed to stand for 30-60 minutes to allow the hydrogen atoms to undergo a redox reaction with AgBr to generate Ag particles. The reaction equation is: Ag... + + H → Ag↓ + H + Finally, fixation and cleaning are performed. The reacted sample is immersed in a 20% formaldehyde solution for 10-15 minutes to ensure stable adhesion of Ag particles. Then, the sample is immersed in the cleaning solution for 20-30 minutes to remove unreacted AgBr particles. Finally, it is rinsed with deionized water and dried to obtain a sample containing silver particles.
[0024] S130. Using a scanning electron microscope, the silver-containing particle deposition sample is imaged to obtain a silver particle distribution image. The silver particle distribution image is then correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset.
[0025] Specifically, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) can be used to image each silver-containing particle deposition sample. During imaging, the coordinate information of each silver-containing particle deposition sample in the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system is recorded, and the distribution image of Ag particles is acquired. The image resolution is not less than 10,000 times to ensure that the number and location of Ag particles are clearly captured.
[0026] Optionally, before associating the silver particle distribution image with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset, the method further includes: performing grayscale enhancement and noise removal on the silver particle distribution image to obtain a processed silver particle distribution image, and using a preset image recognition algorithm to extract the silver particle distribution data from the processed silver particle distribution image; correspondingly, associating the silver particle distribution image with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset includes: associating the silver particle distribution data with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset.
[0027] Gray-scale enhancement is used to improve the contrast between silver particles and the background, making the weak silver particle signals clearly visible. Gray-scale enhancement methods such as histogram equalization, gamma correction, and contrast stretching can be employed. Since metallographic sample preparation may involve scratches, uneven etching, and stray light from the optical system, noise removal processing is necessary for the silver particle distribution image, preserving the edge features of the silver particles while removing noise. Median filtering, Gaussian filtering, and non-local mean denoising can be used. Preset image recognition algorithms can include watershed algorithms and deep learning algorithms. Silver particle distribution data can include the number of silver particles, their area, coordinates, and aggregation degree. The silver particle distribution data is correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a spatial distribution dataset of silver particles.
[0028] S140. Based on the silver particle spatial distribution dataset and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, determine the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed.
[0029] The silver particle spatial distribution dataset is a structured dataset containing three-dimensional spatial coordinates and their corresponding quantitative data of silver particles. The pre-defined correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content is established through standard sample calibration, used to convert silver particle density into a quantitative mapping relationship for hydrogen content. The three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring-welded joint to be analyzed is a digital model characterizing the continuous distribution of hydrogen content within the ring-welded joint in three spatial directions.
[0030] This application embodiment constructs a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system based on the radial, axial, and circumferential directions of the ring weld joint to be analyzed, and determines at least two samples to be analyzed and their three-dimensional coordinate information based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system; the samples to be analyzed are subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment to obtain hydrogen-containing samples to be analyzed, and hydrogen microprinting reaction is performed on the hydrogen-containing samples to be analyzed using a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent to obtain silver particle deposition samples; the silver particle deposition samples are imaged using a scanning electron microscope to obtain silver particle distribution images, and the silver particle distribution images are correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset; based on the silver particle spatial distribution dataset and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed is determined. The above-described scheme, by establishing a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system in the radial, axial, and circumferential directions, and combining multi-level sampling, improved hydrogen microprinting technology, and three-dimensional reconstruction technology, can accurately characterize the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution across the entire weld zone, heat-affected zone, and base material zone of a circumferential weld joint under ordinary laboratory conditions. It combines ease of operation with high characterization accuracy, realizing the construction of a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model and improving the intuitiveness and accuracy of determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of the circumferential weld joint. This overcomes the limitation of traditional technologies that can only achieve two-dimensional characterization, providing technical support for the accurate identification of hydrogen enrichment hotspots.
[0031] Example 2 Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring-welded joint according to Embodiment 2 of this application. Based on the technical solutions of the above embodiments, this embodiment refines the process of "determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring-welded joint to be analyzed based on the silver particle spatial distribution dataset and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content" to "converting the silver particle density data in the silver particle spatial distribution dataset into relative hydrogen content levels based on the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, thereby obtaining a hydrogen content spatial distribution dataset; and using three-dimensional reconstruction software and a preset spatial interpolation algorithm to perform three-dimensional reconstruction on the hydrogen content spatial distribution dataset to obtain the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring-welded joint to be analyzed." It should be noted that for parts not detailed in this embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes: S210. Based on the radial, axial and circumferential directions of the welded joint to be analyzed, construct a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system, and based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system, determine at least two samples to be analyzed and the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample.
[0032] S220. The sample to be analyzed is subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment to obtain a hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed, and a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent is used to perform a hydrogen microprinting reaction on the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle deposition sample.
[0033] S230. Using a scanning electron microscope, the silver-containing particle deposition sample is imaged to obtain a silver particle distribution image. The silver particle distribution image is then correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset.
[0034] S240. Based on the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, the silver particle density data in the silver particle spatial distribution dataset is converted into relative hydrogen content levels to obtain a hydrogen content spatial distribution dataset.
[0035] In the hydrogen microprinting reaction, the diffused atomic hydrogen atoms will... + When silver particles are reduced to Ag particles, the higher the hydrogen concentration, the more vigorous the reaction, resulting in more Ag particles. Therefore, a pre-established correlation between silver particle density and hydrogen content can be established. The relative hydrogen content level is a semi-quantitative characterization level that divides continuous hydrogen content values into several discrete intervals. Relative hydrogen content levels can include low, medium, high, and very high levels. The pre-set correlation between silver particle density and hydrogen content can be artificially preset based on actual conditions or empirical values. This application does not specifically limit this; for example, when the silver particle density is less than 50 particles / mm²... 2 At that time, the relative hydrogen content level was low (0.25); the silver particle density was greater than or equal to 50 particles / mm. 2 And less than 150 pieces / mm 2 At that time, the relative hydrogen content level was medium (0.50); the silver particle density was greater than or equal to 150 particles / mm. 2 And less than 250 pieces / mm 2 At that time, the relative hydrogen content level was high (0.75); the silver particle density was greater than or equal to 250 particles / mm². 2At that time, the relative hydrogen content level is extremely high (1.00). The above numerical range is only an example, and in actual applications, it can be adjusted according to factors such as the material type of the ring weld joint, welding process, service environment, and hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity requirements. For example, for materials with high hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity, the level threshold can be appropriately lowered to improve detection sensitivity; for materials with low hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity, the threshold can be appropriately relaxed to simplify the level classification. In addition, the number of levels can also be increased or decreased according to actual needs, such as dividing it into three levels (low, medium, high) or five levels (extremely low, low, medium, high, extremely high), and this application does not limit this.
[0036] S250. Using 3D reconstruction software and a preset spatial interpolation algorithm, the hydrogen content spatial distribution dataset is reconstructed in 3D to obtain a 3D hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed.
[0037] The 3D reconstruction software is a computer software system used to transform discrete spatial data points into a continuous 3D visual model. It integrates coordinate data and hydrogen content data, performs interpolation calculations, and generates an interactive 3D hydrogen distribution model. For example, Avizo or similar software can be used for 3D reconstruction. Preset spatial interpolation algorithms extend discrete hydrogen content data points into a continuous 3D spatial field, such as nearest neighbor interpolation and Kriging interpolation. 3D reconstruction is the process of reconstructing discrete spatial sampling data into a continuous, visual 3D spatial distribution model through mathematical interpolation and computer graphics techniques. In this application, discrete hydrogen content level data points are reconstructed into a continuous hydrogen distribution field within the entire 3D space of the circumferential weld joint.
[0038] This application embodiment constructs a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system based on the radial, axial, and circumferential directions of the ring weld joint to be analyzed, and determines at least two samples to be analyzed and their three-dimensional coordinate information based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system; the samples to be analyzed are subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment to obtain hydrogen-containing samples to be analyzed, and hydrogen microprinting reaction is performed on the hydrogen-containing samples to be analyzed using a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent to obtain silver particle deposition samples; the silver particle deposition samples are imaged using a scanning electron microscope to obtain silver particle distribution images, and the silver particle distribution images are correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset; based on the silver particle spatial distribution dataset and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed is determined. The above-described scheme, by establishing a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system in the radial, axial, and circumferential directions, and combining improved hydrogen microprinting technology and three-dimensional reconstruction technology, can accurately characterize the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution across the entire area of a ring-welded joint under ordinary laboratory conditions. It combines ease of operation with high characterization accuracy, realizing the construction of a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model and improving the intuitiveness and accuracy of determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of the ring-welded joint. This overcomes the limitation of traditional technologies that can only achieve two-dimensional characterization, providing technical support for the accurate identification of hydrogen enrichment hotspots.
[0039] Example 3 Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution determination device for a ring welded joint according to Embodiment 3 of this application. This embodiment is applicable to the characterization of the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of ring welded joints in hydrogen transport pipelines, hydrogen blending pipelines, etc. This three-dimensional hydrogen distribution determination device for ring welded joints can be implemented in hardware and / or software, and can be configured in a computer device, such as a server. Figure 3 As shown, the device includes: The sample to be analyzed and coordinate information determination module 310 is used to construct a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system based on the radial, axial and circumferential directions of the ring weld joint to be analyzed, and to determine at least two samples to be analyzed and the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system. The silver particle deposition sample determination module 320 is used to perform electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment on the sample to be analyzed to obtain the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed, and to perform hydrogen microprinting reaction on the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed using a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent to obtain the silver particle deposition sample. The silver particle spatial distribution dataset determination module 330 is used to image the silver particle-containing deposition sample using a scanning electron microscope to obtain a silver particle distribution image, and to associate the silver particle distribution image with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset. The three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model determination module 340 is used to determine the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed based on the silver particle spatial distribution dataset and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content.
[0040] Optionally, the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model determination module 340 includes: The hydrogen content spatial distribution dataset determination unit is used to convert the silver particle density data in the silver particle spatial distribution dataset into relative hydrogen content levels according to the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, so as to obtain the hydrogen content spatial distribution dataset. The three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model determination unit is used to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the hydrogen content spatial distribution dataset using three-dimensional reconstruction software and a preset spatial interpolation algorithm to obtain a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed.
[0041] Optionally, the device further includes: The silver particle distribution data extraction module is used to perform grayscale enhancement and noise removal on the silver particle distribution image before associating the silver particle distribution image with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain the silver particle spatial distribution dataset, so as to obtain the processed silver particle distribution image, and to extract the silver particle distribution data in the processed silver particle distribution image using a preset image recognition algorithm. Correspondingly, the silver particle spatial distribution dataset determination module 330 is specifically used for: The silver particle distribution data is correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset.
[0042] Optionally, the sample to be analyzed and coordinate information determination module 310 includes: The sampling layer selection unit is used to select at least two sampling layers in the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system; wherein the sampling layers cover the weld area, heat-affected zone and base material area of the ring weld joint to be analyzed; The sample to be analyzed and coordinate information determination unit is used to divide the sampling layer according to a preset interval for each sampling layer to obtain at least two samples to be analyzed, and to determine the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed according to the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system and the sample to be analyzed.
[0043] Optionally, the pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent includes a silver bromide-nitrite mixed emulsion and a cleaning solution; the silver bromide-nitrite mixed emulsion is prepared from silver bromide powder, soluble nitrite and deionized water; the cleaning solution is a mixture of 100-200 g / L sodium thiosulfate and 100 g / L sodium nitrite.
[0044] Optionally, the silver-containing particle deposition sample determination module 320 is specifically used for: The sample to be analyzed was used as the cathode and a platinum electrode as the anode, immersed in an electrolyte containing 0.2 mol / L sulfuric acid and 2.5 g / L thiourea, and the electrolyte was applied at room temperature at an anode of 1-15 mA / cm². 2 A constant current was applied to the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed by charging it with hydrogen at a constant current density.
[0045] This application embodiment constructs a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system based on the radial, axial, and circumferential directions of the ring weld joint to be analyzed, and determines at least two samples to be analyzed and their three-dimensional coordinate information based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system; the samples to be analyzed are subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment to obtain hydrogen-containing samples to be analyzed, and hydrogen microprinting reaction is performed on the hydrogen-containing samples to be analyzed using a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent to obtain silver particle deposition samples; the silver particle deposition samples are imaged using a scanning electron microscope to obtain silver particle distribution images, and the silver particle distribution images are correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset; based on the silver particle spatial distribution dataset and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed is determined. The above-described scheme, by establishing a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system in the radial, axial, and circumferential directions, and combining improved hydrogen microprinting technology and three-dimensional reconstruction technology, can accurately characterize the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution across the entire area of a ring-welded joint under ordinary laboratory conditions. It combines ease of operation with high characterization accuracy, realizing the construction of a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model and improving the intuitiveness and accuracy of determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of the ring-welded joint. This overcomes the limitation of traditional technologies that can only achieve two-dimensional characterization, providing technical support for the accurate identification of hydrogen enrichment hotspots.
[0046] The three-dimensional hydrogen distribution determination device for ring welded joints provided in this application embodiment can execute the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution determination method for ring welded joints provided in any embodiment of this application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing each three-dimensional hydrogen distribution determination method for ring welded joints.
[0047] According to embodiments of this application, this application also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product.
[0048] Example 4 Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 410 implementing the method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint according to embodiments of this application. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workbenches, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application described and / or claimed herein.
[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 410 includes at least one processor 411 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 412 or a random access memory (RAM) 413, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 411. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 411 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 412 or loaded from storage unit 418 into the RAM 413. The RAM 413 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 410. The processor 411, ROM 412, and RAM 413 are interconnected via a bus 414. An input / output (I / O) interface 415 is also connected to the bus 414.
[0050] Multiple components in electronic device 410 are connected to I / O interface 415, including: input unit 416, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 417, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 418, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 419, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 419 allows electronic device 410 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.
[0051] Processor 411 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 411 include, but are not limited to, central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 411 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint.
[0052] In some embodiments, the method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint can be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 418. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 410 via ROM 412 and / or communication unit 419. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 413 and executed by processor 411, one or more steps of the method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 411 can be configured as the method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).
[0053] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.
[0054] Computer programs used to implement the methods of this application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable ring weld joint three-dimensional hydrogen distribution determination device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.
[0055] In the context of this application, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium can be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0056] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).
[0057] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or middleware components (e.g., application servers), or frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.
[0058] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system to address the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.
[0059] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.
[0060] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring-welded joint, characterized in that, include: Based on the radial, axial and circumferential directions of the welded joint to be analyzed, a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system is constructed, and based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system, at least two samples to be analyzed and the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed are determined. The sample to be analyzed was subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment to obtain a hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed, and a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent was used to perform a hydrogen microprinting reaction on the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle deposition sample. The silver-containing particle deposition sample was imaged using a scanning electron microscope to obtain a silver particle distribution image. The silver particle distribution image was then correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset. Based on the aforementioned spatial distribution dataset of silver particles and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, a three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model for the ring weld joint to be analyzed is determined.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed based on the spatial distribution dataset of silver particles and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content includes: Based on the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content, the silver particle density data in the silver particle spatial distribution dataset is converted into relative hydrogen content levels to obtain the hydrogen content spatial distribution dataset. Using 3D reconstruction software and a preset spatial interpolation algorithm, the hydrogen content spatial distribution dataset is reconstructed in 3D to obtain a 3D hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before correlating the silver particle distribution image with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset, the method further includes: The silver particle distribution image is subjected to grayscale enhancement and noise removal to obtain a processed silver particle distribution image. A preset image recognition algorithm is then used to extract the silver particle distribution data from the processed silver particle distribution image. Accordingly, the silver particle distribution image is correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset, including: The silver particle distribution data is correlated with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system, at least two samples to be analyzed and the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed are determined, including: At least two sampling layers are selected within the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system; wherein the sampling layers cover the weld area, heat-affected zone, and base material area of the circumferential weld joint to be analyzed; For each sampling layer, the sampling layer is divided according to a preset interval to obtain at least two samples to be analyzed, and the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed is determined according to the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system and the sample to be analyzed.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent includes a silver bromide-nitrite mixed emulsion and a cleaning solution; the silver bromide-nitrite mixed emulsion is prepared from silver bromide powder, soluble nitrite and deionized water; the cleaning solution is a mixture of 100-200 g / L sodium thiosulfate and 100 g / L sodium nitrite.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample to be analyzed is subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging treatment to obtain a hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed, comprising: The sample to be analyzed was used as the cathode and a platinum electrode as the anode, immersed in an electrolyte containing 0.2 mol / L sulfuric acid and 2.5 g / L thiourea, and the electrolyte was applied at room temperature at an anode of 1-15 mA / cm². 2 A constant current was applied to the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed by charging it with hydrogen at a constant current density.
7. A device for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring-welded joint, characterized in that, include: The module for determining the specimen to be analyzed and its coordinate information is used to construct a three-dimensional sampling coordinate system based on the radial, axial and circumferential directions of the welded joint to be analyzed, and to determine at least two specimens to be analyzed and the three-dimensional coordinate information of each specimen based on the three-dimensional sampling coordinate system. The silver particle deposition sample determination module is used to electrochemically hydrogenate the sample to be analyzed to obtain the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed, and to perform hydrogen microprinting reaction on the hydrogen-containing sample to be analyzed using a pre-prepared safe hydrogen microprinting reagent to obtain the silver particle deposition sample. The silver particle spatial distribution dataset determination module is used to image the silver particle-containing deposition sample using a scanning electron microscope to obtain a silver particle distribution image, and to associate the silver particle distribution image with the three-dimensional coordinate information of each sample to be analyzed to obtain a silver particle spatial distribution dataset. The three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model determination module is used to determine the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution model of the ring weld joint to be analyzed based on the silver particle spatial distribution dataset and the preset correspondence between silver particle density and hydrogen content.
8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; Memory, used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of the ring weld joint as described in any one of claims 1-6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the program implements the method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint as described in any one of claims 1-6.
10. A computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining the three-dimensional hydrogen distribution of a ring weld joint according to any one of claims 1-6.