Heat insulation assembly, battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a heat insulation assembly, a battery pack and electric equipment, and the heat insulation assembly comprises a packaging part which is provided with a packaging cavity; and the heat insulation piece is located in the packaging cavity and comprises fiber filaments and aerogel which are mixed, the diameter of the fiber filaments is d microns, the thickness of the heat insulation piece is Dmm, the heat insulation piece has the emissivity epsilon, and the formula that (epsilon * d) / D is larger than or equal to 0.223 and smaller than or equal to 54.802 is met. The thermal runaway diffusion speed of adjacent batteries is remarkably reduced, and the safety performance of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a heat insulation component, a battery pack, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, battery packs, as core energy modules in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, aerospace and other fields, are facing an ever-increasing demand for energy density.

[0003] In the process of conceiving and implementing this application, the applicant discovered at least the following problems: Currently, existing heat insulation pads cannot effectively block heat when the battery is at a high temperature, which makes it very easy for adjacent batteries to be affected when the battery thermal runaway, leading to heat spread and affecting the safety of battery use.

[0004] The preceding description is intended to provide general background information and does not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this application is to provide a thermal insulation component, battery pack, and electrical equipment that significantly reduces the thermal runaway propagation rate of adjacent batteries and improves the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a thermal insulation component, comprising:

[0007] Package, the package has a package cavity;

[0008] A thermal insulation element, located within the encapsulation cavity, comprises a mixture of fiber filaments and aerogel. The fiber filaments have a diameter of d μm, the thermal insulation element has a thickness of D mm, and the thermal insulation element has an emissivity ε, satisfying: 0.223≤(ε*d) / D≤54.802.

[0009] In addition, this application provides a battery pack including at least two batteries and the aforementioned heat insulation component;

[0010] The thermal insulation component is located between at least two partially adjacent batteries.

[0011] In addition, this application provides an electrical device including the aforementioned battery pack.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By optimizing the ratio of (ε*d) / D, the heat radiation transfer path is effectively suppressed, slowing down the heat propagation time between adjacent batteries and ensuring the overall safety of the battery. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the fiber filaments ensures the long-term stability of the layered structure, guaranteeing the structural strength and service life of the thermal insulation component. Ultimately, this technology significantly reduces the rate of thermal runaway propagation between adjacent batteries in high-temperature environments above 600℃ and extends the service life of the thermal insulation component after 1000 charge-discharge cycles, significantly delaying or preventing heat propagation to adjacent batteries and improving the safety performance of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the heat insulation component in the heat insulation assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component in the heat insulation assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figure 4 Electron micrograph of the thermal insulation component containing fiber filaments provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 5 Electron micrograph of the micropores of the aerogel in the thermal insulation component provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 6 Electron micrograph of a heat insulation component containing a light-blocking agent provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal insulation component provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 8 This is an assembly diagram of the heat insulation component and the encapsulation component provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of a battery from a first-view perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the battery from a second perspective, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 100 - Thermal insulation components;

[0026] 110 - Package;

[0027] 111 - First closing paragraph;

[0028] 112 - Second closing section;

[0029] 113 - Third concluding section;

[0030] 114 - Fourth concluding section;

[0031] 115 - Overlapping segments;

[0032] 120 - Thermal insulation;

[0033] 121-fiber filament;

[0034] 130 - Fastener;

[0035] 101 - First page;

[0036] 1011 - Exposed Area;

[0037] 200-battery pack;

[0038] 210-battery;

[0039] 201 - First end face;

[0040] 202 - Second end face;

[0041] 211 - Abutment surface;

[0042] 220-Pole Module;

[0043] 230 - Pressure relief valve. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. All other obtained embodiments are within the scope of protection of this application. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0048] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, battery packs, as core energy modules in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, aerospace, and other fields, are facing continuously increasing demands for energy density. Currently, existing thermal insulation pads cannot effectively block heat when batteries are at high temperatures, which can easily affect adjacent batteries in the event of thermal runaway, leading to heat propagation and compromising battery safety.

[0049] To overcome the deficiencies in existing technologies, the thermal insulation component, battery pack, and electrical equipment provided in this application effectively suppress the heat radiation transfer path by optimizing the (ε*d) / D ratio, slowing down the heat spread time between adjacent batteries and ensuring the overall safety of the battery. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the fiber filaments ensures the long-term stability of the layered structure, guaranteeing the structural strength and service life of the thermal insulation component. Ultimately, this technology significantly reduces the rate of thermal runaway propagation between adjacent batteries in high-temperature environments above 600℃ and extends the service life of the thermal insulation component after multiple charge-discharge cycles, significantly delaying or preventing heat spread to adjacent batteries and improving the safety performance of the battery pack. The content of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the content of this application.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the heat insulation component in the heat insulation assembly provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component in the heat insulation assembly provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 Electron micrograph of the heat insulation component containing fiber filaments provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 This is an electron microscope image of the micropores of the aerogel in the thermal insulation component provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 Electron micrograph of a heat insulation component containing a light-blocking agent provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this application provides a heat insulation component 100 located between two adjacent batteries 210. The heat insulation component 100 includes:

[0052] Package 110, package 110 having a package cavity;

[0053] The heat insulation element 120 is located inside the encapsulation cavity. The heat insulation element 120 includes a mixture of fiber filaments 121 and aerogel. The fiber filaments 121 have a diameter d μm. The heat insulation element 120 has a thickness D mm. The heat insulation element 120 has an emissivity ε, which satisfies: 0.223≤(ε*d) / D≤54.802.

[0054] It should be noted that the dimensions in the embodiments of this application can be measured using a micrometer, vernier caliper, or laser rangefinder; the appropriate instrument can be selected based on the required accuracy and range. It should also be noted that the heat insulation component is placed between adjacent battery cells to prevent heat conduction between the cells, thus preventing thermal runaway from some cells from being transferred to adjacent cells and suppressing heat propagation within the battery device.

[0055] It should be noted that the encapsulation component 110 refers to the sealing material that wraps around the layered structure, which is used to protect the integrity of the layered structure. The encapsulation component 110 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the heat insulation component 120.

[0056] The encapsulation component 110 is made of at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polycarbonate (PC), and the encapsulation material is in the form of a thin film. Furthermore, the encapsulation component 110 can be bonded to the heat insulation component 120 via hot-melt or adhesive bonding. It should be noted that research has found that the main reason for the failure of the heat insulation component 100 is that with the increase in capacity of existing batteries, especially ternary lithium batteries, the thermal runaway temperature of the battery 210 generally reaches above 600℃, or even higher. At this thermal runaway temperature, among the three modes of heat transfer, thermal radiation generates more heat than thermal conduction and thermal convection. The formula for thermal radiation heat transfer is q=ε*σ*(T1 4 -T2 4 T1 4 -T2 4 The heat generated increases exponentially, causing a sudden rise in temperature. This leads to severe thermal runaway of individual cells, failure of the thermal insulation pad, rapid thermal runaway of adjacent cells, and risks such as fire and explosion of the battery pack.

[0057] It should be noted that the heat insulation component 120 generally includes aerogel and fiber filaments 121. The fiber filaments 121 serve as the skeleton structure of the aerogel, supporting it. The fiber filaments 121 and the aerogel work together to form a porous structure, trapping hot gas molecules within the pores of the aerogel and preventing the transfer of hot molecules to adjacent batteries 210. However, the fiber filaments 121 have good thermal conductivity. When the thermal runaway temperature reaches above 600°C, hot gas molecules can collide with the fiber filaments 121, thereby accelerating heat transfer. By adjusting the diameter d of the fiber filaments 121 and improving the emissivity ε of the heat insulation component 120, heat transfer can be reduced. Furthermore, by optimizing the thickness D of the heat insulation component 120, the heat insulation capability of the heat insulation component 120 can be improved. By controlling the three factors to satisfy the above formula (ε*d) / D, the heat insulation capability of the heat insulation component 120 can be guaranteed, while preventing the heat insulation component 120 from failing and aging.

[0058] In other words, the heat insulation component 120 forms a layered structure by mixing fibers 121 with aerogel. The fibers 121 act as a framework to support the aerogel particles, ensuring the stability of its nanoscale porous structure. The encapsulation component 110 wraps the layered structure to prevent structural damage to the aerogel particles caused by changes in the external environment. The diameter d of the fibers 121 and the thickness D of the layered structure, i.e., the heat insulation component 120, jointly determine the mechanical strength of the material, while the emissivity regulates heat radiation transfer through the material's surface properties. The constraint (ε*d) / D is achieved by adjusting the ratio of emissivity, the diameter of the fibers 121, and the thickness of the layered structure, thus synergistically optimizing the heat radiation blocking capability and the mechanical strength of the fibers 121. In high-temperature environments, the porous nature of the layered structure traps hot gas molecules, reducing the heat conduction path. At the same time, the regulation of the emissivity ε reduces the exponential growth of heat radiation, thereby suppressing heat diffusion to adjacent batteries 210. The sealing design of the encapsulation component 110 further maintains the integrity of the layered structure, ensuring its stability during long-term service.

[0059] Specifically, by controlling the emissivity ε of the thermal insulation component 120, the diameter d of the fiber filament 121, and the thickness D of the thermal insulation component 120 to satisfy the aforementioned proportional relationship, the thermal insulation performance and structural stability can be effectively balanced. Within this proportional range, it is possible to ensure excellent thermal insulation barrier capability at high temperatures, preventing rapid thermal runaway of adjacent batteries 210; and to ensure that the fiber skeleton has sufficient strength, preventing the fiber filament 121 from breaking under long-term use or high-temperature impact, thereby maintaining the integrity of the aerogel porous structure and the long-term durability of the thermal insulation component 120.

[0060] It should be noted that when the value of (ε*d) / D is below 0.223, although the thermal insulation performance is acceptable, the fiber skeleton is too weak, and the structure deteriorates severely after cycling, causing the entire skeleton of the thermal insulation component 120 to collapse, thus reducing the service life of the thermal insulation component 120. When the value is above 54.802, the high-temperature thermal insulation performance (especially the radiation resistance) decreases significantly, making it difficult to absorb visible light, infrared light, and other light waves, and unable to effectively prevent heat spread. The optimal balance between thermal insulation and durability is achieved between 0.223 and 54.802. Through the above settings, that is, by optimizing the ratio of (ε*d) / D, the heat radiation transfer path is effectively suppressed, slowing down the time of heat spread between adjacent batteries and ensuring the overall safety of the battery. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the fiber filament 121 ensures the long-term stability of the layered structure, guaranteeing the structural strength and service life of the thermal insulation component 120. Ultimately, this technology significantly reduces the thermal runaway propagation rate of adjacent batteries 210 in high-temperature environments above 600°C, extends the overall service life of the thermal insulation component 120, significantly delays or prevents the spread of heat to adjacent batteries 210, and improves the safety performance of the battery pack 200.

[0061] In some embodiments, the test method for the thickness D of the thermal insulation component 120 is as follows: the total thickness of the thermal insulation component is measured using a 0.1 μm resolution, ±0.5 μm accuracy micrometer as D1; ​​the thermal insulation component is disassembled, the thermal insulation component is removed, and the thickness of the encapsulation component is measured using a 0.1 μm resolution, ±0.5 μm accuracy micrometer as D2, where D = D1 - 2 * D2.

[0062] In some embodiments, the test method for the diameter d of the fiber filament 121 is as follows: disassemble the heat insulation component 100, remove the encapsulation component 110, measure the diameter of the fiber filament 121 of the heat insulation component 120 using a scanning electron microscope, measure 10 times, take the average value, and record it as d.

[0063] In some embodiments, the diameter d of the fiber filament 121 can be adjusted by: adjusting the viscosity of the spinning solution, where a higher viscosity results in a larger diameter d of the fiber filament 121; or by adjusting the diameter of the spinneret, where a larger spinneret diameter results in a larger diameter d of the fiber filament 121, and a smaller spinneret diameter results in a smaller diameter d of the fiber filament 121; or by adjusting the traction speed during spinning, where a faster spinning speed results in a smaller fiber diameter.

[0064] In some embodiments, the emissivity ε of the thermal insulation element 120 is tested using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) with an integrating sphere attachment. The specific test method is as follows:

[0065] (1) Disassemble the heat insulation component 100, remove the encapsulation component 110, cut the heat insulation component 120 into 5mm×5mm samples, and take 3 samples;

[0066] (2) Start the machine and preheat it. Start the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and integrating sphere system in advance and preheat for 30 minutes;

[0067] (3) Turn off the light source and measure the background spectrum of the instrument cavity, denoted as S1;

[0068] (4) Turn on the light source, place the gold plate with known reflectivity (R1) at the sample port of the integrating sphere, and collect the spectral signal of the standard plate, which is recorded as S2;

[0069] (5) Turn off the light source, remove the gold plate, place the sample on the gold plate, turn on the light source, collect the spectral signal of the sample, measure the spectral signals of 3 samples, take the average value, and record it as S3;

[0070] The reflectance of the sample is calculated using the formula R = R1(R3-R1) / (S2-S1), and the emissivity of the thermal insulation component is calculated using the formula ε = 1-R. In some embodiments, the emissivity ε can be controlled as follows: the emissivity can be adjusted by changing the pore size of the aerogel; the smaller the pore size, the lower the emissivity ε. Alternatively, it can be adjusted by adding a light-blocking agent to the thermal insulation component; the higher the content of the light-blocking agent, the lower the emissivity ε.

[0071] In some alternative embodiments, the fiber filament 121 has a length a mm and satisfies: 5 mm ≤ a mm ≤ 20 mm.

[0072] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the appropriate fiber filament 121 length helps to form a uniform and stable three-dimensional network skeleton in the heat insulation component 120, ensuring heat insulation while avoiding the fiber filament 121 having too little strength.

[0073] Specifically, limiting the length range of the fiber filaments 121 aims to optimize the three-dimensional network skeleton structure inside the insulation component 120. If the length is too short, it is difficult to form a continuous and stable support network, resulting in uneven distribution of aerogel particles and easy collapse of the pore structure; if the length is too long, the insulation effect is poor.

[0074] In some embodiments, amm can be 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, 18mm, 19mm, 20mm or other values.

[0075] In some alternative embodiments, the fiber filament 121 accounts for 0.5%-10% of the mass of the insulation 120.

[0076] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by limiting the range of fiber filament 121 mass content, the heat insulation effect is guaranteed on the one hand, and the strength of fiber filament 121 is guaranteed on the other hand, avoiding the fiber diameter being too small, which would result in the skeleton strength being too low.

[0077] Furthermore, the matching relationship between the scaffold support strength and the aerogel filling density was optimized, avoiding insufficient structural strength caused by too few fiber filaments 121.

[0078] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the fiber filament 121 to the heat insulation component 120 can be 0.5%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10% or other values.

[0079] In some embodiments, the method for testing the mass percentage of fiber filament 121 in the thermal insulation component 120 is as follows:

[0080] Disassemble the thermal insulation component 100, remove the encapsulation component 110, weigh the thermal insulation component 120 using a balance, and record the weight as m1g. Then, sieve the weighed thermal insulation component 120 using a multi-layer linear vibrating screen. The multi-layer linear vibrating screen has three screen layers: the upper screen diameter ranges from 5 to 8 mm, the middle screen diameter ranges from 2 to 5 mm, and the lower screen diameter ranges from 0.5 to 2 mm. The vibration amplitude is 1.5 to 4.5 mm, and the vibration frequency is 700 to 1400 times / min. The substances in the upper, middle, and lower sieves are weighed and recorded as m2g. The weighed substances in the sieves are then tested using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). If the substances are fibrous and contain at least one of the elements Si, Al, Fe, Ca, and Mg, then the insulation component 120 contains at least one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and basalt fiber. The mass content of fiber filament 121 is calculated as (m2 / m1) × 100%. It should be noted that if the content is too low, sufficient skeletal support cannot be formed, resulting in poor overall mechanical strength and easy breakage of the insulation component 120. If the content is too high, it will reduce the proportion of aerogel, decrease porosity, and make it difficult to block air molecules. At the same time, the increased fiber thermal conduction paths will weaken the overall thermal insulation performance.

[0081] Specifically, the mass content of fiber 121 in the layered structure directly affects its skeletal support strength and aerogel filling density. Within a certain mass content range, fiber 121 provides sufficient mechanical strength to maintain the nanoscale porous structure of the aerogel, while avoiding an increase in heat conduction paths due to excessive fiber 121. This range ensures that, under high-temperature conditions, fiber 121 can both support the aerogel particles and balance thermal barrier properties and structural stability by controlling its mass content.

[0082] It should be noted that the mass content refers to the proportion of the total mass of fiber 121 in the layered structure, which is used to characterize the balance between the support strength of the skeleton and the filling density of the aerogel.

[0083] In some alternative embodiments, the ratio of the mass content of fiber 121 in the insulation 120 to the mass content of aerogel in the insulation 120 is 0.0065-0.2.

[0084] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the design ensures the frame strength and heat insulation effect of the heat insulation component 120.

[0085] The ratio of the skeleton material (fiber 121) to the functional material (aerogel) is further defined from the perspective of mass ratio. This ratio directly determines the density, porosity, mechanical strength, and thermal conductivity of the heat insulation component 120. An appropriate ratio ensures that the heat insulation component 120 has excellent heat insulation capabilities while possessing sufficient flexibility and compressive strength to adapt to the slight volume changes and assembly pressures during the charging and discharging process of the battery 210.

[0086] In some embodiments, the ratio of the mass content of fiber 121 to the mass content of aerogel is 0.0065, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 or any one of these values.

[0087] In some embodiments, the mass of aerogel accounts for 50%-80% of the mass of the insulation component 120.

[0088] In some embodiments, the test method for the mass percentage of aerogel and light-blocking agent in the thermal insulation component is as follows:

[0089] Disassemble the thermal insulation component 100, remove the encapsulation component 110, weigh the thermal insulation component 120 using a balance, and record the weight as m1g. Then, sieve the weighed thermal insulation component 120 using a multi-layer linear vibrating screen. The multi-layer linear vibrating screen has three screen layers: the upper screen diameter ranges from 5mm to 8mm, the middle screen diameter ranges from 2mm to 5mm, and the lower screen diameter ranges from 0.5mm to 2mm. The vibration amplitude is 1.5mm to 4.5mm, and the vibration frequency is 700 to 1400 times / min. Collect the material passing through the lower screen and label it as a mixture. Separate the mixture using a turbine air classifier. The classifier speed is controlled between 2000rpm and 6000rpm (the specific speed can be selected based on the particle size in the mixture, which can be measured using a scanning electron microscope). The material passing through the classifying wheel is collected and weighed, denoted as m3g. Simultaneously, the material ejected by the classifying wheel is collected and weighed, denoted as m4g. The material passing through the classifying wheel is tested using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). If the material passing through the classifying wheel shows a porous structure in the SEM and contains Si, Al, and Zr elements, then the material passing through the classifying wheel includes aerogel. The mass percentage of aerogel in the insulation component is (m3 / m1) × 100%. The material ejected by the classifying wheel is measured using XRD (X-ray Diffraction). If the material ejected by the classifying wheel shows a characteristic peak corresponding to a light-blocking agent in the XRD test, then the material ejected by the classifying wheel contains a light-blocking agent. The mass percentage of the light-blocking agent is (m4 / m1) × 100%.

[0090] In some alternative embodiments, at least some of the aerogel particles are located between the fiber filaments 121, and pores are formed between adjacent aerogel particles.

[0091] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: this setting improves the heat insulation effect and avoids the rapid transfer of heat molecules.

[0092] Furthermore, by mounting aerogel particles on the fiber filament 121 and forming pores, the barrier to heat conduction and convection is enhanced. The physical structure design expands the capture path of hot gas molecules, thereby further reducing the rate of heat diffusion to adjacent cells 210 in high-temperature environments.

[0093] This not only enhances the fixation of aerogel particles, preventing them from falling off or migrating during use, but more importantly, the nanoscale pores formed between the particles can effectively limit the free path of air molecules, greatly suppressing gas convection heat transfer.

[0094] It should be noted that pores refer to the void regions between aerogel particles, which are used to trap hot gas molecules and inhibit heat conduction.

[0095] In some embodiments, the test method for the size of the pores formed between aerogel particles is as follows: disassemble the thermal insulation component 100, remove the encapsulation component 110, and measure the pore size between the aerogel particles of the thermal insulation component 120 according to standard JC / T2518-2019, which is recorded as bnm.

[0096] In some alternative implementations, the pores have a pore size of bnm, and satisfy: 2nm ≤ bnm ≤ 70nm.

[0097] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: if the value is too large, the heat insulation effect is poor; if it is too small, the temperature will accumulate in the layered structure in a non-thermal runaway state and cannot be dissipated quickly, causing the layered structure to be in a high-temperature state for a long time, which will easily lead to material aging.

[0098] In some embodiments, the aperture bnm can be 2nm, 5nm, 10nm, 15nm, 20nm, 25nm, 30nm, 35nm, 40nm, 45nm, 50nm, 55nm, 60nm, 65nm, 70nm or other values.

[0099] The mass percentage of aerogel in the insulation component 120 ranges from 50% to 80%, which improves the heat insulation effect of the insulation component 120 and at the same time avoids excessive aerogel, which would lead to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the insulation component.

[0100] The particle size Dv50 of aerogels ranges from 7 nm to 20 μm. The particle size Dv50 of aerogels can be measured using a laser particle size distribution measuring instrument (Mastersizer3000) according to the particle size distribution laser diffraction method (specific steps refer to GB / T19077-2016). The particle size corresponding to the cumulative particle size distribution percentage reaching 50% is Dv50.

[0101] In some alternative embodiments, the fiber filament 121 includes at least one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and basalt fiber.

[0102] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: It lists heat-resistant fiber types suitable for high-temperature environments. These fibers all have the characteristics of high melting point, good thermal stability, and relatively low thermal conductivity. Ceramic fibers are suitable for extreme environments above 1000℃; glass fibers have lower cost and good overall performance. By selecting or compounding different fibers, the temperature resistance rating, mechanical properties, and cost of the insulation component 120 can be adjusted.

[0103] In some alternative embodiments, the fiber filament 121 comprises glass fiber and ceramic fiber, wherein the mass content of glass fiber in the insulation 120 and the mass content of ceramic fiber in the insulation 120 are in the ratio of 1 to 150.

[0104] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: This design ensures high-temperature insulation performance and frame strength.

[0105] It should be noted that ceramic fibers have higher temperature resistance but are more expensive, while glass fibers are less expensive but have relatively lower temperature resistance. By adjusting the ratio, material costs can be optimized while still meeting the maximum operating temperature requirements.

[0106] In some embodiments, the ratio of the mass content of glass fiber to the mass content of ceramic fiber is 1, 10, 30, 50, 70, 100, 130, 150 or other values.

[0107] In some alternative embodiments, the aerogel includes at least one of silica aerogel, fumed silica, alumina aerogel, and zirconia aerogel.

[0108] In some alternative embodiments, the heat insulation element 120 further includes a light-blocking agent, which includes at least one of carbon black, silicon carbide, titanium dioxide, zirconium silicate, and zirconium oxide.

[0109] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the setting of the light-blocking agent improves the heat insulation component 120's ability to block radiant heat.

[0110] The particle size Dv50 of the opaque agent ranges from 1μm to 15μm. The particle size Dv50 of the opaque agent can be measured using a laser particle size distribution measuring instrument (Mastersizer3000) according to the particle size distribution laser diffraction method (specific steps refer to GB / T19077-2016). The particle size corresponding to the cumulative particle size distribution percentage reaching 50% is the D50.

[0111] Introducing light-blocking agents is a key method to reduce the emissivity ε of thermal insulation components and combat high-temperature thermal radiation. These light-blocking agent particles can effectively scatter and absorb infrared radiation, thereby significantly reducing the heat transferred in the form of radiation.

[0112] In some embodiments, the heat insulation element 120 may be formed by mixing a light-blocking agent, fiber filaments 121, and aerogel together to form a mixed layered structure.

[0113] In other embodiments, the heat insulation component 120 may also be a structure in which the fiber filaments 121 and aerogel are mixed to form a first layer, a light-blocking agent forms a second layer, and the light-blocking agent is disposed on the outer layer.

[0114] In some alternative embodiments, the mass ratio of the light-blocking agent in the heat insulation component 120 is 10%-40%.

[0115] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: if the mass ratio is too high, the heat insulation effect at temperatures <600℃ is poor; if the mass ratio is too low, the heat insulation effect at temperatures >600℃ is poor.

[0116] The amount of light-blocking agent added should be limited. If too little is added, the effect of reducing emissivity will not be obvious; if too much is added, it may block some of the pores of the aerogel, affecting its effect of inhibiting convective heat transfer, and may increase the thermal conductivity of the insulation component 120.

[0117] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the light-blocking agent to the heat insulation component 120 is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, or other values.

[0118] In some embodiments, the particle size of the opacifier ranges from 1 μm to 15 μm.

[0119] In some embodiments, the particle size of the aerogel particles ranges from 2 nm to 80 nm. In some optional embodiments, 3 μm ≤ d μm ≤ 30 μm, where d μm is in the range of 3 μm to 30 μm, providing good skeletal support. Particles smaller than 3 μm are prone to breakage, while particles larger than 30 μm increase their own thermal conductivity path, which is detrimental to thermal insulation.

[0120] In other embodiments, dμm is between 5μm and 20μm.

[0121] In some alternative implementations, 0.5mm ≤ Dmm ≤ 10mm, where D within the range of 0.5mm to 10mm is sufficient for most scenarios. Too thin a layer results in insufficient heat insulation, while too thick a layer occupies excessive volume, reducing the battery pack's energy density by 200%.

[0122] In some embodiments, the thickness Dmm of the heat insulation component 120 can be 2mm-6mm. This not only ensures the heat insulation effect but also avoids excessive thickness of the heat insulation component, which would cause excessive deformation of the heat insulation component when compressed by the expansion of the battery cell, leading to structural collapse of the heat insulation component, thereby affecting the structural strength of the heat insulation component and its service life.

[0123] In other embodiments, the thickness Dmm of the heat insulation element 120 can be 0.8mm-8mm.

[0124] In some alternative implementations, 0.7 ≤ ε ≤ 0.95. Emissivity ε: For the high thermal runaway temperature battery 210, a lower emissivity is preferred to suppress radiative heat transfer.

[0125] In some embodiments, 0.74 ≤ ε ≤ 0.9.

[0126] In some embodiments, 0.584 ≤ (ε*d) / D ≤ 21.107. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 This is an assembly diagram of the heat insulation component and the encapsulation component provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0127] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in some alternative embodiments, the heat insulation element 120 has two heat insulation surfaces disposed opposite to each other;

[0128] Encapsulation 110 encapsulates insulation 120. Encapsulation 110 includes a first terminal section 111 and a second terminal section 112. The length direction of the first terminal section 111 and the second terminal section 112 is consistent with the length direction of insulation assembly 100. The first terminal section 111 and the second terminal section 112 overlap each other to form an overlapping section 115. Along the thickness direction of insulation assembly 100, the projection of the overlapping section 115 is located on the insulation surface.

[0129] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: By overlapping the first tail section 111 and the second tail section 112, the encapsulation component 110 ensures reliable protection of the heat insulation component 120, avoiding the fiber filaments from being exposed and prone to breakage. At the same time, by converging the encapsulation component 110 along the width direction Z of the heat insulation component 120, that is, the length direction of the overlapping section is parallel to the length direction Y of the heat insulation component 120, the encapsulation efficiency is improved, avoiding the encapsulation component 110 having a large encapsulation alignment size, which would lead to deviation. At the same time, the overall size of the overlapping section is improved, ensuring the overall fixing strength. This encapsulation structure enhances the edge sealing, ensures the encapsulation effect, prevents the fiber or aerogel from escaping, and avoids the encapsulation component 110 from cracking, which would affect the structural strength of the aerogel and fiber filaments 121.

[0130] In other embodiments, the first terminal section 111 and the second terminal section 112 extend in a direction parallel to the width direction of the thermal insulation member 120.

[0131] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the application, the extending directions of the first terminal segment 111 and the second terminal segment 112 are parallel to the length direction of the heat insulation member 120, and the first terminal segment 111 and the second terminal segment 112 overlap each other to form an overlapping segment.

[0132] Among them, the large surface of the heat insulation component 120, that is, the heat insulation surface, consists of two surfaces perpendicular to the thickness direction of the heat insulation component 120.

[0133] like Figure 7 As shown, Y represents the length direction of the thermal insulation component 100, and Z represents the width direction of the thermal insulation component 100.

[0134] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack is arranged in the same direction as the thickness of the heat insulation component 100, both represented by X.

[0135] In some alternative embodiments, the width of the overlapping section 115 is between 5 mm and 25 mm along the width direction of the insulation surface.

[0136] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: If the overlapping section 115 is too wide, the battery 210 will expand and squeeze the overlapping section 115, resulting in a large local thickening. This makes the aerogel and fiber filament 121 loose, weakens the structural strength of the fiber filament 121, increases the pore size between the aerogels, reduces the heat insulation capacity and the service life of the heat insulation component 120. If the width is too small, the encapsulation component 110 will have difficulty reliably fixing and protecting the heat insulation component 120, resulting in poor overall encapsulation effect.

[0137] The width direction of the insulation surface can be the width direction Z of the insulation component 100.

[0138] The width of the overlapping section 115 is limited to ensure the sealing reliability of the package. Too narrow a width may result in insufficient seal strength, making it prone to cracking under long-term use or thermal stress, leading to the escape of fibers or aerogel; too wide a width will waste packaging material and may affect the flexibility of the thermal insulation element 120. This range ensures a good sealing effect.

[0139] In some alternative embodiments, along the thickness direction X of the thermal insulation component 100, the overlapping segment 115 at least partially coincides with the center of the battery 210;

[0140] Along the width direction Z of the insulation component 100, the width of the overlapping section 115 is between 5mm and 23mm.

[0141] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the center of the large surface of the battery 210 expands significantly, generating a large compressive force. At this time, by controlling the width of the overlapping section 115, expansion space can be provided to avoid the layered structure from being compressed due to the expansion of the battery 210, which would lead to the failure of the layered structure's heat insulation.

[0142] The center of battery 210 is typically the area with the highest temperature and most concentrated heat during thermal runaway. By placing the encapsulation overlap section 115 here, the pressure or constraint of the battery 210 body can be used to strengthen the encapsulation seal of this critical area, preventing it from becoming a weak point and being damaged at high temperatures. This enhances the adaptability of the encapsulation 110 to the expansion stress in the central region. It also reduces the risk of mechanical damage to the overlap section 115 due to battery 210 expansion, while maintaining the integrity of the layered structure.

[0143] In some alternative embodiments, the encapsulation 110 further includes a third terminal section 113 and a fourth terminal section 114, the length directions of the third terminal section 113 and the fourth terminal section 114 being aligned with the width direction of the thermal insulation assembly 100.

[0144] At least part of the third closing segment 113 and the fourth closing segment 114 cover the overlapping segment 115.

[0145] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: This arrangement improves the encapsulation effect of the encapsulation component 110 on the layered structure, avoids cracking of the encapsulation component 110, and avoids affecting the structural strength of the aerogel and fiber filament 121.

[0146] This further reduces the risk of the packaging material wrinkling or cracking at the edges and corners, and improves the overall packaging integrity.

[0147] The third and fourth termination sections 113 and 114 are positioned opposite each other along the width direction and partially cover the overlapping section 115, thereby enhancing the protection of the layered structure through a multi-layer encapsulation structure. The synergistic effect of the multiple termination sections further improves the crack resistance and dynamic adaptability of the encapsulation component 110.

[0148] In some alternative embodiments, the thickness of a single layer of the package 110 is between 50 μm and 200 μm.

[0149] The above-mentioned technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: it limits the reasonable thickness of the encapsulation film. If the thickness is too thin, the mechanical strength is poor, and it is easy to puncture during processing or use; if the thickness is too thick, it will increase unnecessary thermal resistance, reduce the flexibility of the thermal insulation component 100, and increase cost and volume. This range achieves a balance between protection, flexibility, and processability.

[0150] In some embodiments, the thickness of the single-layer encapsulation 110 can be 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm, 100μm, 110μm, 120μm, 130μm, 140μm, 150μm, 160μm, 170μm, 180μm, 190μm, 200μm or any value thereof.

[0151] In some alternative embodiments, the thermal insulation component 100 further includes at least two fasteners 130, which are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the thermal insulation component 100 in the length direction and / or width direction.

[0152] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: This arrangement solves the initial positioning and fixing problem of the heat insulation component 100 when it is assembled onto the large surface of the battery 210. It prevents the component from shifting, falling off, or wrinkling during subsequent module stacking, bundling, or installation into the housing, ensuring that it is always in the designed position and plays its due role in heat insulation. At the same time, the setting of the fastener 130 can better achieve buffering, avoiding large-area expansion during normal battery use, which could lead to fiber breakage due to stress.

[0153] It should be noted that the fastener 130 may be flush with the end of the heat insulation member 120 or not, for example, extending beyond the end of the heat insulation member 120 or not extending beyond the end of the heat insulation member 120.

[0154] In some embodiments, the material of the fastener 130 may include at least one of double-sided adhesive, acrylic adhesive, acrylic adhesive, silicone rubber, polyurethane foam, polyolefin resin foam material, etc.

[0155] In some embodiments, the fastener 130 can be fixedly connected to the package 110 by means of bonding, heat fusion or other methods, and can be fixed in strip form on the surface of the package 110.

[0156] In some alternative embodiments, the heat insulation component 100 has a first surface 101 that may face the battery 210. The first surface 101 includes a fixed area and an exposed area 1011. The exposed area 1011 is located in the middle of the first surface 101 to expose a portion of the heat insulation component 120, and the fixed area is located on the periphery of the first surface 101.

[0157] The fastener 130 is attached to the fixed area.

[0158] It should be noted that the exposed area 1011 is located in the middle of the first surface 101, at the intersection of the diagonals of the first surface 101.

[0159] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the middle part of the heat insulation component 100 corresponds to the middle part of the large surface of the battery 210. The middle part has a large expansion and fast heat transfer. Exposing the heat insulation component 100 ensures that an air buffer heat insulation layer is formed in the middle part, which better achieves the buffering and heat insulation effect.

[0160] In some embodiments, the fastener 130 is located in the fixed area, and the exposed area 1011 is not designed with the fastener 130, so that the exposed area 1011 can directly abut against the battery 210.

[0161] In some embodiments, the fixed area and the exposed area 1011 can be arranged in a U-shape, a U-shape, a zigzag shape, etc.

[0162] In some alternative embodiments, at least two fasteners 130 are spaced apart along the width of the thermal insulation assembly 100.

[0163] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: This arrangement increases the distance between the heat insulation component 100 and the battery 210, forming a heat insulation cavity, and further improves the heat insulation effect.

[0164] Furthermore, the fasteners 130 are spaced apart along the width direction, which can provide a more balanced fixing force, prevent the heat insulation component 100 from warping or curling in the width direction, and ensure that it is flatly attached to the surface of the battery 210.

[0165] In some alternative embodiments, the fastener 130 is disposed at the end of the heat insulation component 100, the fastener 130 has a fixing edge, and there is a distance hmm between the fixing edge and the end of the heat insulation component 100, which satisfies: hmm≤5mm.

[0166] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: if the value is too large, the heat insulation cavity will be reduced, which will affect the heat insulation effect.

[0167] Maintaining a small gap (h≤5mm) prevents the fastener 130 from accidentally getting caught or scraped at the end, thus preventing it from falling off. It also accommodates unevenness that may occur at the end of the thermal insulation component 100 due to cutting or encapsulation. This improves the reliability of the fastener and the tolerance for assembly errors.

[0168] In some alternative embodiments, the thermal insulation 120 further includes a gel, which includes at least one of polyethylene glycol, octadecyl alcohol, and silicone gel.

[0169] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the gel can play a role in temperature uniformity at low temperatures and in heat insulation at high temperatures.

[0170] Furthermore, adding gel as a binder can further improve the bonding strength between the fiber filaments 121 and the aerogel particles, as well as between them and additives such as opacifiers. This enhances the overall structural integrity and cohesion of the insulation component 120, making it less prone to separation or detachment of components when subjected to vibration, impact, or temperature cycling, resulting in better long-term structural stability.

[0171] The thermal insulation component provided in this application includes an encapsulation component having an encapsulation cavity; and a thermal insulation component located within the encapsulation cavity. The thermal insulation component includes a mixture of fiber filaments and aerogel. The fiber filaments have a diameter of d μm, the thermal insulation component has a thickness of D mm, and the thermal insulation component has an emissivity of ε, satisfying: 0.223 ≤ (ε*d) / D ≤ 54.802.

[0172] By optimizing the (ε*d) / D ratio, the heat radiation transfer path is effectively suppressed, slowing down the time of heat propagation between adjacent batteries and ensuring the overall safety of the battery. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the fiber filaments ensures the long-term stability of the layered structure, guaranteeing the structural strength and service life of the insulation component. Ultimately, this technology significantly reduces the rate of thermal runaway propagation between adjacent batteries in high-temperature environments above 600℃ and extends the service life of the insulation component after multiple charge-discharge cycles, significantly delaying or preventing heat propagation to adjacent batteries and improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0173] Figure 9 This is a first-view structural diagram of the battery provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the battery from a second perspective, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0174] like Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, this application also provides a battery pack 200, including at least two batteries 210 and the aforementioned heat insulation component 100;

[0175] The heat insulation component 100 is disposed between at least two partially adjacent batteries 210.

[0176] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The thermal insulation component 100 is applied in the battery pack 200, significantly improving the thermal safety performance of the battery pack 200. When a battery 210 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal insulation component 100 between it and adjacent batteries 210 can effectively block the rapid transfer of heat, delaying or even preventing the spread of heat, thus buying valuable time for the battery management system (BMS) to trigger alarms, start cooling, or evacuate personnel, reducing the risk of overall thermal runaway of the battery pack 210.

[0177] In some alternative embodiments, the battery 210 has an abutment surface 211, and a first surface 101 of the heat insulation component 100 faces the abutment surface 211, the first surface 101 being the large surface of the heat insulation member 120.

[0178] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the heat generation of the contact surface 211 is concentrated, the expansion is large, and the heat transfer is too fast. The heat insulation component 100 is set on the large surface of the battery 210 to better block the heat. The large surface of the battery 210 can be the contact surface 211. The contact surface 211 has a large heat transfer area and large expansion. By setting the heat insulation component 100 between the contact surfaces 211, the heat is better blocked, and the overall thermal safety of the battery pack 200 is guaranteed.

[0179] The main function of the heat insulation component 100 is to be opposite the contact surface 211 of the battery 210 (usually the surface with the largest area of ​​the battery 210 casing). This is the main channel for heat transfer, and placing the high-performance heat insulation component 100 here can most effectively cut off the main path of heat spread.

[0180] In some embodiments, the heat insulation component 100 may also be disposed on the small surface of the battery 210.

[0181] In some alternative embodiments, along the height direction of the battery 210, the heat insulation component 100 has a height h1mm, the battery 210 has a height h2mm, and satisfies: 0.1mm≤h1mm-h2mm≤5mm.

[0182] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: such a setting blocks the heat transfer between adjacent batteries 210 and improves the heat insulation effect.

[0183] It should be noted that the heat insulation component 100 is slightly higher than the battery 210 (0.1-5mm), which ensures that when the battery pack 200 is subjected to longitudinal compression or fixation, the pressure is mainly transmitted to the end plate or frame through the heat insulation component 100 (and its encapsulation 110), thereby protecting the battery 210 housing (especially the explosion-proof valve area) from direct and excessive mechanical pressure, and improving the reliability and safety of the structure.

[0184] In some embodiments, multiple ternary lithium batteries 210 with a capacity of 200Ah are arranged side by side. A heat insulation component 100 is inserted between each adjacent battery 210, so that the first surface 101 of the heat insulation component 100 is in contact with the abutment surface 211 (large surface) of the battery 210 casing. The height h1 of the heat insulation component 100 is 1mm higher than the height h2 of the battery 210. The heat insulation component 100 is initially positioned by the tape of the fastener 130, and finally all the batteries 210 and the heat insulation component 100 are pressed and fixed by structures such as module end plates to form a battery pack 200.

[0185] It should be noted that the height direction of battery 210 is defined as the direction perpendicular to the base plate where battery 210 is mounted. Figure 1 The direction Z in the middle.

[0186] In some alternative embodiments, there are at least two heat insulation components 100, which are spaced apart along the arrangement direction of the battery pack 200.

[0187] At least two batteries 210 are provided between two connected heat insulation components 100, and the thickness Dmm of the heat insulation component 100 satisfies: Dmm≥1.8mm.

[0188] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: When multiple batteries 210 are insulated by a heat insulation component 100, the thermal runaway heat of the multiple batteries 210 is large, and the thickness of the layered structure needs to be increased to meet the heat insulation requirements.

[0189] It should be noted that X represents the arrangement direction of battery pack 200.

[0190] For scenarios where the thermal insulation components 100 are not continuously arranged (i.e., one thermal insulation component 100 is responsible for isolating multiple batteries 210), as the number of batteries 210 between the thermal insulation components 100 increases, the temperature difference between the thermally runaway battery 210 and the remotely protected battery 210 may be larger, resulting in a stronger heat flow driving force. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the thermal insulation components 100 to provide stronger thermal resistance, ensuring that heat propagation can still be effectively delayed even under these conditions.

[0191] In some embodiments, a battery 210 is provided between two connected thermal insulation components 100. In some optional embodiments, the positive electrode material of the battery 210 comprises a layered transition metal oxide, and 0.00022≤(ε*d) / D≤0.017.

[0192] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the ternary lithium battery 210 has a high thermal runaway temperature, and the larger the capacity of the battery 210, the higher the gas production and the greater the heat production.

[0193] The thermal insulation component 100 is associated with high-energy-density, high-thermal-risk characteristics (layered transition metal oxides such as ternary materials) and large-capacity (100-600 Ah) batteries 210. These batteries 210 release large amounts of energy and experience high temperatures during thermal runaway, placing extremely stringent demands on thermal insulation. For this specific high-risk application, the parameters of the thermal insulation component 100 must be strictly controlled to ensure safety.

[0194] In some embodiments, the layered transition metal oxide includes nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary materials and / or nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary materials, wherein the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary materials satisfy the general chemical formula LiNi. x Co y Mn z M f O2, where 0.1 < x < 1, 0.1 < y < 1, 0.1 < z < 1, and x + y + z + f = 1, M is a dopant element, and M includes at least one of Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, B, P, Nb, Ta, W, Zr, and V.

[0195] In other embodiments, in addition to the ternary materials described above, other materials are also applicable to the batteries in the embodiments of this application.

[0196] In some alternative implementations, the battery 210 has a capacity ranging from 100Ah to 600Ah and a diameter (Dmm) ≥ 1mm.

[0197] In other embodiments, the capacity of battery 210 can be between 20AH and 600AH.

[0198] It should be noted that the test method for the capacity of battery 210 is as follows: place battery 210 in a constant temperature chamber at 25°C and perform the following operations on battery 210: charge to the upper limit voltage at 0.33C, then charge at constant voltage to the cutoff current of 0.05C; let stand for 30 minutes, then discharge to the lower limit voltage at 0.33C; repeat the above operation 3 times, and take the discharge capacity of the third cycle as the fixed capacity of the battery.

[0199] Depending on the different positive electrode active materials, the upper and lower voltage limits need to be adjusted accordingly: LFP - upper limit voltage 3.65V, lower limit voltage 2.5V; NCM - upper limit voltage 4.25V, lower limit voltage 2.5V; LFMP - upper limit voltage 4.25V, lower limit voltage 2.5V; lithium nickel manganese oxide - upper limit voltage 4.8V, lower limit voltage 3.5V. In some optional embodiments, the battery 210 includes a casing with an abutment surface 211, which is disposed opposite to the first surface 101 of the heat insulation component 100, and the abutment surface 211 is the larger surface of the casing.

[0200] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: it blocks the heat emitted from the surface of the battery 210 casing, which is crucial for suppressing heat conduction and radiation through the battery 210 casing.

[0201] In some embodiments, a housing is a component that provides a receiving space to house and isolate electrode assemblies and other components from the external environment. The housing generally includes a body with an opening at at least one end and a receiving cavity; the opening of the housing can be closed by a cover plate to seal and isolate the internal environment of the battery cell from the external environment.

[0202] The housing material includes at least one of copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy. In some optional embodiments, the wall thickness of the housing's contact surface 211 is between 0.1 mm and 0.8 mm; and / or,

[0203] The shell includes a steel shell, and (ε*d) / D≥0.00028.

[0204] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: thin-walled shell (0.1-0.8mm): has low thermal resistance and heat is more easily transferred out, so a more efficient heat insulation component 100 is needed.

[0205] If the thickness is too thin, the heat transfer is fast but the strength is low; if the thickness is too thick, the heat inside the 210 battery cells is difficult to dissipate, leading to heat accumulation and thermal runaway.

[0206] It should be noted that the steel casing: steel has a high thermal conductivity, which accelerates heat diffusion on the casing surface. Therefore, the insulation component 100 needs to have stronger insulation capabilities. Tightening the parameter ratio range to this range aims to require the use of combinations of lower emissivity, more suitable diameter fibers, or thicker insulation to address the additional heat dissipation challenges posed by the steel casing.

[0207] In some embodiments, the housing can be made of aluminum alloy, which is the preferred material for lightweight construction, high specific strength, good processability, moderate cost, and good thermal conductivity. High thermal conductivity accelerates heat diffusion across the housing wall, requiring high-performance thermal insulation components 100 to block thermal bridges.

[0208] In some embodiments, the material of the steel shell may include ferrite, martensite, or austenite.

[0209] In some alternative embodiments, along the height direction of the housing, the housing includes two opposing first end faces 201 and second end faces 202, which are perpendicular to the abutment surface 211, respectively.

[0210] The first end face 201 is provided with a pole post assembly 220, and the second end face 202 is provided with a pressure relief valve 230;

[0211] The heat insulation element 120 is disposed between the abutment surfaces 211 of two adjacent shells, and Dmm≤5mm.

[0212] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the electrode assembly 220 and the pressure relief valve 230 are set on the non-large surface, that is, not on the contact surface 211, so as to achieve thermal and electrical separation. After the battery 210 sprays the valve, the high temperature gas will not be sprayed onto the conductive structure, thus avoiding the battery 210 from overheating and severe thermal runaway. Therefore, by optimizing the range of the formula, the service life of the heat insulation component 100 can be improved and the material aging can be avoided.

[0213] It should be noted that lithium-ion batteries generally include a casing and the cells and electrolyte located inside the casing.

[0214] It should be noted that the shell includes 6 surfaces, including 2 large surfaces, namely 2 abutment surfaces 211, 1 first end surface 201, 1 second end surface 202, and 2 side wall surfaces.

[0215] Among them, the area of ​​the contact surface 211 is larger than the area of ​​the other four surfaces. That is, the area of ​​the contact surface 211 is larger than the area of ​​the first end surface 201, the area of ​​the contact surface 211 is larger than the area of ​​the second end surface 202, and the area of ​​the contact surface 211 is larger than the area of ​​the side wall surface. It should be noted that the battery cell is the component in the battery where electrochemical reactions occur, and it is the smallest unit in the battery capable of carrying out electrochemical reactions such as charging / discharging.

[0216] A battery cell is the basic unit in a battery, typically consisting of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. Battery cells can be either wound or stacked. The main body of a battery cell includes the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator located between the positive and negative electrodes.

[0217] Lithium-ion cells primarily function by the insertion and extraction of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrode plates. In cylindrical cells, a three-layer thin-film structure is wound into a cylindrical electrode assembly, while in cuboid cells, the thin-film structure is wound or stacked into an electrode assembly with a roughly cuboid shape.

[0218] The positive electrode is one of the core components of a battery that carries the positive electrode active material. During charging, metal ions (e.g., lithium ions) are released from the positive electrode active material (oxidation reaction), migrate through the electrolyte, and intercalate into the negative electrode. During discharging, metal ions (e.g., lithium ions in a lithium battery) are released from the negative electrode and intercalated into the positive electrode active material (reduction reaction), thus realizing the storage and release of lithium ions.

[0219] In some embodiments, the positive electrode sheet generally includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer. The positive active material layer is coated on at least one surface of the positive current collector and includes: a positive active material, a conductive agent, and a binder.

[0220] The positive electrode active material includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides and their respective modified compounds, or other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for batteries. These positive electrode active materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Lithium phosphates include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (e.g., LiFePO4 (also abbreviated as LFP)), lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese phosphate (e.g., LiMnPO4), lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites, lithium iron manganese phosphate, and lithium iron manganese phosphate and carbon composites. Lithium transition metal oxides include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium cobalt oxides (e.g., LiCoO2), lithium nickel oxides (e.g., LiNiO2), lithium manganese oxides (e.g., LiMnO2, LiMn2O4), lithium nickel cobalt oxides, lithium manganese cobalt oxides, lithium nickel manganese oxides, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxides, and their modified compounds.

[0221] The positive electrode current collector includes a conductive metal foil, which can be made of stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrodes, or titanium with a silver-plated surface. The positive electrode current collector can also include a composite current collector, which may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc.).

[0222] The positive electrode conductive agent includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of graphite, superconducting carbon, carbon black (such as acetylene black, Ketjen black, Super P, etc.), carbon nanotubes, graphene and carbon nanofibers.

[0223] The positive electrode binder includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PVDF-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene terpolymer, PVDF-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, fluorinated acrylate resin, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, polymethacrylic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan, etc.

[0224] In some embodiments, the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector is a conductive metal foil, which can be made of stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, or titanium with a silver-plated surface. The negative electrode current collector may also include a composite current collector, which may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc.).

[0225] The battery cell also includes tabs, which are located on one side of the positive / negative current collector battery cell and are separately or integrally formed with the current collector. They are electrically connected to the current collector to conduct the current on the corresponding current collector. When the tabs and the current collector are separately set, the tabs and the current collector can be connected by welding.

[0226] The tabs are made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity (such as copper, aluminum, or nickel).

[0227] The diaphragm is placed between the positive and negative electrode plates to separate them and prevent them from short-circuiting due to contact.

[0228] In some embodiments, the diaphragm may be at least one of glass fiber, nonwoven fabric, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyvinylidene fluoride. A coating may also be provided on the diaphragm surface, which may be an inorganic coating and / or an organic coating. The inorganic coating material includes at least one of alumina, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, and boehmite; the organic coating includes at least one of aramid coating and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) coating.

[0229] The electrolyte is located between the positive and negative electrodes, serving to conduct ions between them. Electrolytes include liquid electrolytes, gel polymer electrolytes, and solid electrolytes; liquid electrolytes are those that are in a liquid state, possessing the function of conducting ions while isolating electrons. Liquid electrolytes are composed of solvents, electrolyte salts, additives, and other chemical substances; solvents can be carbonates, carboxylic esters, or ethers; electrolyte salts can be lithium salts, sodium salts, or zinc salts; additives can be ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, propylene sulfite, vinyl sulfite, etc.

[0230] In some embodiments, the terminal assembly 220 is used to electrically connect an electrode assembly (cell) located inside the housing to an external device (adjacent battery or other electrical equipment) located outside the housing. The battery 210 can discharge to the external device through the cell output terminal (tab) and the terminal assembly 220, and an external power source can charge the battery 210 through the terminal assembly 220 and the cell output terminal (tab). The terminal assembly 220 can be directly electrically connected to the tab, or it can be electrically connected to the tab through a metal adapter.

[0231] In some embodiments, the pole assembly 220 includes, but is not limited to, metal materials such as copper, aluminum, aluminum alloy, and copper-aluminum alloy.

[0232] It should be noted that the pressure relief valve 230 refers to a component or part that can be actuated to release internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of a battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold.

[0233] During battery use, the pressure relief valve 230 is mainly used to allow gas inside the battery 210 to be released in order to reduce the internal pressure of the battery 210 in order to prevent the battery 210 from deforming or exploding due to excessive pressure increase when thermal runaway or other situations occur.

[0234] In some embodiments, the material of the pressure relief valve 230 is not limited, including but not limited to aluminum, steel, alloys, etc. The shape of the pressure relief valve is not limited, for example, square, oblong, elliptical, racetrack-shaped, etc. The type of pressure relief valve 230 is not limited, for example, a grooved explosion-proof valve, wherein the grooves include recesses, which can be formed by stamping or laser etching.

[0235] In some alternative embodiments, at least two batteries 210 include a first battery and a second battery disposed adjacent to each other, and the heat insulation component 100 is located between the contact surface 211 of the first battery and the contact surface 211 of the second battery.

[0236] The first battery is charged from 10% SOC to 80% SOC in ≤15 minutes. The second battery is charged normally from 10% SOC to 80% SOC in >15 minutes. During the entire charging process, the temperature difference between the contact surface 211 of the first battery and the contact surface 211 of the second battery is ≥5℃.

[0237] It should be noted that the charging conditions for the first battery were as follows: the prepared battery was placed at 25°C for 4 hours until thermal equilibrium was reached; the battery was charged at a constant current of 0.1C to the upper limit voltage, and then charged at a constant voltage until the current was less than or equal to 0.05C; then discharged at 0.1C to the lower limit voltage, and the above steps were repeated 3 times, with the capacity discharged in the third cycle being taken as the battery discharge capacity; after standing for 10 minutes, it was discharged at 1C to 2.5V, and after standing for 10 minutes, it was charged at 0.33C to 10% SOC; then it was first charged at a constant current rate of 4C, and then the charging rate was gradually reduced in 0.2C increments until it reached 0.4C, with the cutoff condition for each charge being charging to the upper limit voltage; the charging time between 10% SOC (10%×C) and 80% SOC (80%×C) was recorded. When the positive electrode active material includes lithium iron phosphate, the upper limit voltage is 3.65V; when the positive electrode active material includes lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, the upper limit voltage is 4.25V.

[0238] The charging conditions for the second battery are as follows: the prepared battery is placed at 25°C for 4 hours until thermal equilibrium is reached. The battery is charged at 0.33C to the upper limit voltage, and then charged at a constant voltage until the cutoff current is less than or equal to 0.05C. When the positive electrode active material includes lithium iron phosphate, the upper limit voltage is 3.65V. When the positive electrode active material includes lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, the upper limit voltage is 4.25V.

[0239] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the thermal insulation component 100 is as follows: aerogel, fiber filaments and other raw materials are mixed in a certain mass ratio, premixed at a speed of 10~100 r / min for 30~100 min, and then passed through a 10000 sieve to remove particles with small particle size. The sieved material is then mixed at a speed of 800~2000 r / min for 5~20 min, and the mixture is extruded and molded, and then encapsulated with a packaging component to obtain the thermal insulation component.

[0240] In some embodiments, the method for preparing battery 210 is as follows:

[0241] (1) Preparation of the positive electrode:

[0242] The prepared positive electrode active material, conductive agent (e.g., acetylene black), and binder (e.g., PVDF) are mixed, and solvent NMP is added. The mixture is stirred under vacuum until the system is homogeneous to obtain a positive electrode slurry. The positive electrode slurry is uniformly coated on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector aluminum foil, air-dried at room temperature, and then transferred to an oven for further drying. Finally, the positive electrode sheet is obtained by rolling and slitting.

[0243] Specifically, the mass ratio of positive electrode active material: conductive agent: binder satisfies (92~98):(4~1):(4~1).

[0244] (2) Preparation of negative electrode:

[0245] The negative electrode active material, conductive agent (e.g., acetylene black), thickener (e.g., carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)), and binder (e.g., styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)) are mixed, and deionized water is added as a solvent. The mixture is stirred under vacuum until the system is homogeneous to obtain a negative electrode slurry. The negative electrode slurry is uniformly coated on both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector copper foil, air-dried at room temperature, and then transferred to an oven for further drying. Finally, the negative electrode sheet is obtained by rolling and slitting.

[0246] Specifically, the ratio of negative electrode active material: conductive agent: thickener: binder satisfies (90~96): (4~2): (2~1): (4~1).

[0247] (3) Preparation of electrolyte:

[0248] Ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), and diethyl carbonate (DEC) were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain an organic solvent. Then, fully dried lithium salt LiPF6 was dissolved in the mixed organic solvent to prepare an electrolyte with a concentration of 1 mol / L.

[0249] (4) Preparation of the diaphragm:

[0250] Polyethylene film is selected as the diaphragm.

[0251] (5) Preparation of lithium-ion batteries:

[0252] The aforementioned positive electrode sheet, separator, and negative electrode sheet are sequentially wound or stacked to form a bare cell. The bare cell is then placed in a battery casing, which is a prismatic casing. The battery is dried, injected with electrolyte, and then packaged, allowed to stand, formed, and volume-adjusted to obtain a lithium-ion battery.

[0253] In the selection of materials for the aforementioned battery, this application may also select other materials, not limited to those limited by the above preparation method. The positive electrode active material may be selected from one or more lithium-containing positive electrode active materials, including lithium iron phosphate, ternary materials containing nickel, cobalt, and manganese, and lithium manganese iron phosphate. The conductive agent in the positive electrode sheet may also be selected from one or more of graphite, superconducting carbon, Ketjen black, Super P, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon nanofibers. The binder in the positive electrode sheet may also be selected from one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene ternary copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene ternary copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, fluorinated acrylate resin, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, polymethacrylic acid, and carboxymethyl chitosan. The positive electrode current collector may also be selected from one or more of stainless steel with silver plating, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, and titanium. The positive electrode current collector may also include a composite current collector, which may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. Composite current collectors can be formed by forming metallic materials (aluminum, aluminum alloys, copper, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer substrate (such as a substrate of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc.).

[0254] The negative electrode active material can be selected from one or more of the following negative electrode active main materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, lithium titanate, etc.; the conductive agent in the negative electrode sheet can be selected from one or more of the following: conductive carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fiber, etc.; the binder in the negative electrode sheet can be selected from one or more of the following: styrene-butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid and its salts, sodium alginate, etc.; the thickener in the negative electrode sheet can be selected from one or more of the following: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylonitrile multi-component copolymer, etc.; the negative electrode current collector can also be selected from one or more of the following: stainless steel with silver plating, stainless steel, copper, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, titanium, etc.; the negative electrode current collector can also include composite current collectors, which can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, etc.). The negative electrode active layer includes the negative electrode active material, conductive components, adhesives, etc.

[0255] In some embodiments, regarding the fabrication of the battery pack:

[0256] Five batteries 210 prepared by the above preparation method are selected and stacked with the contact surface (large surface) of the batteries facing each other. A heat insulation component 100 is set between adjacent batteries. The large surface is the surface with the largest area on the outer surface of the battery 210. The terminals of the five batteries are electrically connected by a conductive busbar to realize series or parallel connection.

[0257] It should be noted that, regarding performance point 1, the temperature test of adjacent batteries:

[0258] According to the above-described method for preparing batteries and battery packs, one battery pack was prepared for each embodiment and comparative example. In each battery pack, a temperature sensor was set on the surface of the battery adjacent to the end battery, or the temperature of the surface of the battery adjacent to the end battery was measured by an infrared thermometer. That is, the batteries on both sides of the heat insulation component are the first battery and the second battery. The first battery is the end battery. A heat insulation component is set between the second battery and the first battery. The temperature sensor is located on the surface of the battery near the end battery. The values ​​of D, d and ε of the heat insulation component in the battery packs of each embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 1 below. Apart from this, the rest of the structure is the same. The battery packs of each embodiment and comparative example were subjected to end battery piercing according to the GB / T31485-2015 standard. A high-temperature resistant steel needle with a diameter of 5 mm was used to pierce the end battery on the side of the battery pack with a temperature sensor from a direction perpendicular to the large surface of the battery at a speed of 25 ± 5 mm per second. Timing was started when the end battery thermally ran away. The temperature of the temperature sensor was recorded 3 minutes after the end battery thermally ran away. If the temperature was less than or equal to 80°C, it was considered good. If the temperature was greater than 80°C but less than or equal to 120°C, it was considered qualified. If the temperature was greater than 120°C, it was considered unqualified.

[0259] In this test, the positive electrode active material of the battery was selected from lithium iron phosphate as an example. Other positive electrode materials all met the above test requirements. The mass ratio of positive electrode active material: conductive agent: binder met 96:2:2. The negative electrode active material was selected from artificial graphite. The ratio of negative electrode active material: conductive agent: thickener: binder met 95:2:1:2. Five batteries in the battery pack 200 were set in series.

[0260] It should be noted that, regarding performance 2, the vibration loss rate test:

[0261] Following the above-described method for preparing batteries and battery packs, one battery pack was prepared for each embodiment and comparative example, as shown in Table 1 below. In each battery pack, five batteries are connected in series. The values ​​of D, d, and ε of the heat insulation component in the battery packs of each embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 1 below. Apart from this, the remaining structures are the same. The battery packs of each embodiment and comparative example were charged at a constant current rate of 1C at 25°C until the voltage of the battery in the battery pack reached 4.25V. Then, constant voltage charging was switched until the battery current dropped to 0.05C. After standing for 20 minutes, the battery pack was discharged at a constant current rate of 1C until the voltage of the battery in the battery pack reached 2.5V. After standing for 20 minutes, this cycle was repeated 1000 times. The heat insulation component was then removed, and the encapsulation in the heat insulation component was removed. The heat insulation component was tested for vibration loss rate according to GB / T34336-2017. If the vibration loss rate is less than or equal to 1%, it is considered good; if the vibration loss rate is greater than 1% and less than or equal to 5%, it is considered qualified; and if the vibration loss rate is greater than 5%, it is considered unqualified.

[0262] The positive electrode active material used in this test was selected from LiNi. 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 Taking O2 as an example, other positive electrode materials all meet the above test requirements, and the mass ratio of positive electrode active material: conductive agent: binder meets 96:2:2; the negative electrode active material is selected from artificial graphite, and the ratio of negative electrode active material: conductive agent: thickener: binder meets 95:2:1:2.

[0263] Table 1: Comparison of Battery Performance between Examples and Comparative Examples

[0264]

[0265] The vibration loss rate is used to reflect the degree of fiber breakage and aerogel fragmentation in the insulation component 120. A higher vibration loss rate indicates greater fiber breakage and aerogel fragmentation, leading to severe pulverization of the insulation component. During use, the pulverized fibers and aerogel tend to accumulate at the bottom of the insulation pad, affecting the insulation effect. Through the above design, the insulation component 120 achieves excellent insulation performance.

[0266] In addition, this application embodiment also provides an electrical device, including the battery pack 200 described above.

[0267] The battery pack 200, which includes the thermal insulation component 100 of this invention, is applied to electrical equipment (such as electric vehicles, energy storage systems, electric ships, etc.). The ultimate effect is to improve the safety level and reliability of the entire electrical equipment. Through the effective suppression of heat spread at the battery pack 200 level, the risk of catastrophic accidents caused by the failure of a single battery 210 is greatly reduced, ensuring personal and property safety and enhancing the product's market competitiveness.

[0268] Electrical equipment can serve as the operating power source for electrical devices or as the driving power source for electrical devices, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for vehicles. Electrical devices include: energy storage devices, electric ships, aircraft, laptops, power tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, aerospace, and many other technological fields.

[0269] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0270] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0271] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A thermal insulation component, characterized in that, include: A package (110) having a package cavity; A heat insulation element (120) is located within the encapsulation cavity. The heat insulation element (120) comprises a mixture of fiber filaments (121) and aerogel. The fiber filaments (121) have a diameter of d μm. The heat insulation element (120) has a thickness of D mm. The heat insulation element (120) has an emissivity ε, which satisfies: 0.223≤(ε*d) / D≤54.

802.

2. The heat insulation component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber filament (121) has a length of a mm and satisfies: 5 mm ≤ a mm ≤ 20 mm.

3. The heat insulation component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber filament (121) has a mass content of 0.5%-10% in the thermal insulation component (120).

4. The heat insulation component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the mass content of the fiber filament (121) in the insulation component (120) to the mass content of the aerogel in the insulation component (120) is 0.0065-0.

2.

5. The thermal insulation component according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least some of the aerogel particles are located between the fiber filaments (121), and pores are formed between adjacent aerogel particles.

6. The thermal insulation component according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pores have a diameter of bnm and satisfy the following condition: 2nm ≤ bnm ≤ 70nm.

7. The thermal insulation component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber filament (121) includes at least one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, and basalt fiber.

8. The thermal insulation component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fiber filament (121) includes glass fiber and ceramic fiber, and the ratio of the mass content of the glass fiber in the insulation element (120) to the mass content of the ceramic fiber in the insulation element (120) is 1-150.

9. The thermal insulation component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerogel includes at least one of silica aerogel, fumed silica, alumina aerogel, and zirconia aerogel.

10. The thermal insulation component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation component (120) also includes a light-blocking agent, which includes at least one of carbon black, silicon carbide, titanium dioxide, zirconium silicate, and zirconium oxide.

11. The thermal insulation component according to claim 10, characterized in that, The light-blocking agent accounts for 10%-40% of the mass of the heat insulation component (120).

12. The thermal insulation component according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, 3μm≤dμm≤30μm; and / or, 0.5mm≤Dmm≤10mm; and / or, 0.7≤ε≤0.

95.

13. The thermal insulation component according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The heat insulation element (120) has two heat insulation surfaces arranged opposite to each other; The encapsulation (110) encloses the heat insulation component (120). The encapsulation (110) includes a first end section (111) and a second end section (112). The length directions of the first end section (111) and the second end section (112) are consistent with the length direction of the heat insulation component. The first end section (111) and the second end section (112) overlap each other to form an overlapping section (115). Along the thickness direction of the heat insulation component, the projection of the overlapping section (115) is located on the heat insulation surface.

14. The thermal insulation component according to claim 13, characterized in that, Along the width direction of the insulation surface, the width of the overlapping section (115) is between 5mm and 25mm.

15. The thermal insulation component according to claim 13, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the thermal insulation component, the overlapping segment (115) at least partially coincides with the center of the battery (210); Along the width direction of the thermal insulation component, the width of the overlapping segment (115) is between 5 mm and 23 mm.

16. The thermal insulation component according to claim 13, characterized in that, The encapsulation component (110) further includes a third tail section (113) and a fourth tail section (114), the length direction of the third tail section (113) and the fourth tail section (114) being consistent with the width direction of the heat insulation component; At least part of the third closing segment (113) and the fourth closing segment (114) covers the overlapping segment (115).

17. The thermal insulation component according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The thickness of a single layer of the encapsulation component (110) is between 50 μm and 200 μm.

18. The thermal insulation component according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The thermal insulation component further includes at least two fasteners (130), which are respectively located at opposite ends of the thermal insulation component in the length direction and / or width direction.

19. The thermal insulation component according to claim 18, characterized in that, The thermal insulation component has a first surface (101) including a fixed area and an exposed area (1011), the exposed area (1011) being located in the middle of the first surface (101) to expose a portion of the thermal insulation component, and the fixed area being located on the periphery of the first surface (101). The fastener (130) is attached to the fixed area.

20. The thermal insulation component according to claim 18, characterized in that, At least two of the fasteners (130) are spaced apart along the width of the thermal insulation assembly.

21. The thermal insulation component according to claim 20, characterized in that, The fastener (130) is disposed at the end of the heat insulation component. The fastener (130) has a fixed edge, and there is a distance hmm between the fixed edge and the end of the heat insulation component, which satisfies: hmm≤5mm.

22. The thermal insulation component according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The thermal insulation element (120) also includes a gel, which includes at least one of polyethylene glycol, octadecyl alcohol, and silicone gel.

23. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes at least two batteries (210) and a heat insulation component as described in any one of claims 1-22; The heat insulation component is disposed between at least two partially adjacent batteries (210).

24. The battery pack according to claim 23, characterized in that, The battery (210) has a contact surface (211), and the first surface (101) of the heat insulation component faces the contact surface (211), the first surface (101) being the larger surface of the heat insulation component (120).

25. The battery pack according to claim 24, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the battery (210), the heat insulation component has a height h1mm, the battery (210) has a height h2mm, and satisfies: 0.1mm≤h1mm-h2mm≤5mm.

26. The battery pack according to claim 23, characterized in that, The heat insulation components are at least two, and at least two heat insulation components are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction of the battery pack; At least two batteries (210) are provided between two connected heat insulation components, and the thickness Dmm of the heat insulation component (120) satisfies: Dmm≥1.8mm.

27. The battery pack according to claim 23, characterized in that, The positive electrode material of the battery (210) includes a layered transition metal oxide, wherein 0.00022≤(ε*d) / D≤0.

017.

28. The battery pack according to claim 27, characterized in that, The capacity of the battery (210) ranges from 100Ah to 600Ah, and the diameter (Dmm) is greater than or equal to 1mm.

29. The battery pack according to claim 24, characterized in that, The battery (210) includes a housing having a contact surface (211) opposite to the first surface (101) of the heat insulation component, and the contact surface (211) is the larger surface of the housing.

30. The battery pack according to claim 29, characterized in that, The wall thickness of the abutment surface (211) is between 0.1 mm and 0.8 mm; and / or, The housing comprises a steel shell, and (ε*d) / D≥0.00028.

31. The battery pack according to claim 29, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the housing, the housing includes two opposing first end faces and second end faces, the first end faces and the second end faces being perpendicular to the abutment surface (211); The first end face is provided with a pole assembly (220), and the second end face is provided with a pressure relief valve (230). The heat insulation element (120) is disposed between the abutting surfaces (211) of two adjacent shells, and Dmm≤5mm.

32. The battery pack according to claim 23, characterized in that, The at least two batteries (210) include a first battery and a second battery arranged adjacent to each other, and the heat insulation component is located between the contact surface (211) of the first battery and the contact surface (211) of the second battery; The first battery is charged from 10% SOC to 80% SOC in a time of ≤15 minutes, and the second battery is charged from 10% SOC to 80% SOC in a time of >15 minutes. During the entire charging process, the temperature difference between the contact surface (211) of the first battery and the contact surface (211) of the second battery is ≥5℃.

33. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack described in any one of claims 23-31.

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