A distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology, it is related to distributed energy storage power generation field, in the present application, solar energy can be converted into heat energy storage by cooperating with light tracking and light collecting part and heat storage and heat exchange part, and then heat energy is delivered to thermoelectric power generation part, and heat energy is converted into electric energy by thermoelectric device in thermoelectric power generation part, so that all-weather power generation of equipment is realized by heat storage and thermoelectric power generation;In light tracking and light collecting part, light collecting part and double-shaft light tracking system cooperate, the angle of light collecting part can be adjusted according to the change of solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle, so that light collecting part can be perpendicular to sunlight to the greatest extent, improve the light collecting efficiency of equipment, realize the efficient capture of solar radiation, thereby improve solar energy utilization and equipment power generation effect;By using ternary carbonate as heat storage medium, its heat storage density is high, so that the amount of heat storage salt required by the equipment is greatly reduced, and the volume of the equipment can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of distributed energy storage power generation, and more specifically, it relates to a distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy is one of the most abundant and promising clean energy sources on Earth, but its inherent diurnal and seasonal intermittency, as well as its weather dependence, lead to unstable power supply at night and on cloudy or rainy days, becoming a major obstacle to large-scale application. Currently, the main technological approaches to solving this intermittency problem include concentrated solar power (CSP) and photovoltaic (PV) + energy storage. However, both have technological bottlenecks and cost constraints, limiting their widespread application in large-scale energy systems.

[0003] Solar thermal power generation, a solid-state energy conversion technology that directly converts heat energy into electrical energy through thermoelectric devices, boasts significant advantages such as high power density, wide applicable temperature range, simple structure with no moving parts, and quiet and reliable operation. It has already found mature applications in aerospace deep space exploration, medical devices, and industrial waste heat recovery. However, introducing it into all-weather solar power generation systems still faces multiple challenges: First, the concentration efficiency of existing single-axis tracking systems is limited, making it difficult to achieve efficient capture of solar radiation; second, commonly used thermal storage media such as solar salt have low energy density, requiring the use of large amounts of molten salt materials to achieve long-term energy storage, increasing system size and cost; finally, the conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric materials themselves remains relatively low, and maintaining a reasonable and stable temperature difference is necessary for efficient power generation, which places high demands on the system's thermal management design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems in related technologies, this invention proposes a distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology to overcome the aforementioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention relates to a distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology, comprising a solar concentrator, a thermal storage and exchange unit, and a thermoelectric power generation unit. The solar concentrator includes a concentrator and a dual-axis solar tracking system. The dual-axis solar tracking system can adjust the angle of the concentrator according to changes in the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle, so that the concentrator is as perpendicular to the sunlight as possible. The thermal storage and exchange unit includes a concentrating heating unit, a heat transfer unit, and a heat storage unit. The concentrator can concentrate sunlight onto the concentrating heating unit, so that the concentrating heating unit absorbs solar energy and generates heat. The heat transfer unit can transfer and store the heat in the concentrating heating unit into the heat storage unit.

[0007] The thermoelectric power generation unit includes a thermoelectric device, a heating unit, and a cooling and heat dissipation unit. The heating unit and the cooling and heat dissipation unit are respectively disposed at the hot end and cold end of the thermoelectric device. The heating unit is connected to the heat transport unit so that the heating unit can absorb heat from the concentrating heating unit or the heat storage unit through the heat transport unit to heat the hot end of the thermoelectric device. The cooling and heat dissipation unit can dissipate heat to the cold end of the thermoelectric device to create a temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric device. The thermoelectric device can perform thermoelectric conversion under the effect of temperature difference.

[0008] Preferably, the dual-axis tracking system includes a bearing seat support frame, an elevation angle adjustment unit, and an azimuth angle adjustment unit. The elevation angle adjustment unit and the azimuth angle adjustment unit can form two spatially perpendicular rotary pairs on the bearing seat support frame. The elevation angle adjustment unit can drive the focusing part to track and adjust according to the change of solar elevation angle with the center of the bearing seat on the bearing seat support frame as the rotation center. The azimuth angle adjustment unit can drive the focusing part to track and adjust according to the change of solar azimuth angle with the direction perpendicular to the axis of the bearing seat as the rotation center. The focusing heating part is disposed in the inner ring of the bearing seat support frame.

[0009] Preferably, the elevation angle adjustment unit includes an elevation angle adjustment shaft, an azimuth angle control motor base, an elevation angle control motor, and an elevation angle control motor support frame. The azimuth angle control motor base is rotatably mounted on the inner ring of the bearing seat support frame via the elevation angle adjustment shafts at both ends. The focusing part is mounted on the azimuth angle control motor base via the azimuth angle adjustment unit. The elevation angle control motor is mounted on the bearing seat support frame via the elevation angle control motor support frame. The elevation angle control motor can drive the azimuth angle control motor base to rotate and adjust along the solar elevation angle direction, so that the azimuth angle control motor base drives the azimuth angle adjustment unit and the focusing part to rotate and adjust along the solar elevation angle direction.

[0010] The azimuth adjustment unit includes an azimuth adjustment shaft and an azimuth control motor. The azimuth control motor is fixedly installed on an azimuth control motor base, and the azimuth adjustment shaft is rotatably installed on the azimuth control motor base. One end of the azimuth adjustment shaft is fixedly connected to the concentrator, so that the azimuth control motor can drive the concentrator to rotate and adjust along the solar azimuth direction through the azimuth adjustment shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the focusing part includes a Fresnel lens frame support rod, a Fresnel lens frame, and a Fresnel lens. The Fresnel lens frame includes two sets of arc-shaped frames and connectors. The two sets of arc-shaped frames are connected by the connectors to form a circular frame structure. The Fresnel lens is fixedly installed in the circular frame structure. One end of the Fresnel lens frame support rod is connected to the connectors, and the other end is connected to the dual-axis tracking system.

[0012] Preferably, the concentrating heating unit includes a concentrating heat exchanger, the interior of which is filled with heat-conducting oil, a concentrating heat exchange cover plate is fixedly installed on the top of the concentrating heat exchanger, and a plurality of fins immersed in heat-conducting oil are provided on the bottom surface of the concentrating heat exchange cover plate.

[0013] The concentrating heat exchanger is equipped with a partition, which divides the interior of the concentrating heat exchanger into an oil inlet chamber and an oil outlet chamber. The oil inlet chamber and the oil outlet chamber are respectively connected to both ends of the heat transfer section, and the oil inlet chamber and the oil outlet chamber are connected through an overflow port at the top of the partition.

[0014] Preferably, the heat storage section includes a heat storage tank containing heat storage salt. The heat storage tank also contains a multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil embedded inside the heat storage salt. The heat transport section is connected between the concentrating heat exchanger and the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil, so that the concentrating heat exchanger, the heat transport section, and the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil are connected to form a circulating oil transport circuit.

[0015] Preferably, the heat transfer unit includes an oil outlet pipe, an oil inlet pipe, and a hot oil pump. One end of the oil outlet pipe is connected to the oil outlet chamber inside the concentrating heat exchanger, and the other end of the oil outlet pipe is connected to the inlet end of the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil. One end of the oil inlet pipe is connected to the outlet end of the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil, and the other end of the oil inlet pipe is connected to the oil inlet chamber inside the concentrating heat exchanger. The hot oil pump is connected and installed on the oil inlet pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the heating section includes a thermoelectric heat exchanger, a three-way valve, an oil inlet branch, and an oil outlet branch. The thermoelectric heat exchanger has a heat exchange channel inside, and thermoelectric devices are installed in close contact on both sides of the heat exchanger. The three-way valve is connected to the oil inlet pipe, with one end of the three-way valve connected to the oil inlet branch, one end of the oil inlet branch connected to the inlet end of the heat exchange channel, the outlet end of the heat exchange channel connected to the oil outlet branch, and one end of the oil outlet branch connected to the oil outlet pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the cooling and heat dissipation section includes a radiator and two water-cooled plates. The two water-cooled plates are respectively installed in close contact with the cold ends of the two thermoelectric devices. The radiator and the water-cooled plates are respectively provided with heat dissipation channels and cooling channels. The radiator is provided with an outlet and an inlet that are respectively connected to the two ends of the heat dissipation channels. The outlet is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel through a cooling water supply pipe. The inlet is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel through a hot water return pipe, so that the heat dissipation channels, cooling water supply pipe, cooling channels and hot water return pipe are sequentially connected to form a circulating heat dissipation pipe. A water pump is also connected and installed on the outlet.

[0018] Preferably, the device also includes an intelligent control system, a solar sensor, and a temperature sensor. The solar sensor is used to detect the solar azimuth angle and solar altitude angle, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the heat storage section. The intelligent control system can drive the solar tracking and concentrating section to track and concentrate sunlight based on the solar azimuth angle and solar altitude angle detected by the solar sensor. The intelligent control system can also adjust the transmission path between the heat transport section and the concentrating heating section and the heat storage section based on the temperature of the heat storage section detected by the temperature sensor, so as to realize all-weather power generation of the thermoelectric device.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In this invention, the solar energy can be converted into thermal energy and stored by the combination of the light-concentrating part and the heat storage and heat exchange part. The thermal energy is then transported to the thermoelectric power generation part, where the thermal energy is converted into electrical energy by the thermoelectric devices. Thus, the device can generate electricity around the clock through heat storage and thermoelectric power generation, solving the problem of power supply difficulties at night and in rainy weather for traditional solar power generation equipment.

[0021] 2. In this invention, by combining the concentrator and the dual-axis tracking system, the angle of the concentrator can be adjusted according to the changes in the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle, so that the concentrator can be perpendicular to the sunlight to the greatest extent, thereby improving the concentrating efficiency of the equipment and realizing the efficient capture of solar radiation, thus improving the utilization rate of solar energy and the power generation effect of the equipment.

[0022] 3. In this invention, ternary carbonate is used as the heat storage medium, which has a higher heat storage density than solar salt in the prior art. This greatly reduces the amount of heat storage salt required for the equipment, thereby reducing the equipment size, facilitating equipment transportation and installation, and reducing equipment costs. Furthermore, the heat exchange is carried out by using multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coils in conjunction with ternary carbonate. The full contact between the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coils and ternary carbonate improves the heat exchange efficiency, thereby improving the heat storage efficiency and the heating and power generation efficiency of ternary carbonate.

[0023] 4. In this invention, a thermoelectric device is used to generate electricity. The hot end of the thermoelectric device is heated by the heat generated by the heater through solar heat exchange, and the cold end of the thermoelectric device is cooled by the water-cooled plate in the cooling heat dissipation section. This keeps the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric device at a suitable temperature difference, ensuring that the power generation efficiency of the thermoelectric device is always within a high-efficiency range, and greatly improving the power generation efficiency of the thermoelectric device.

[0024] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the all-weather power generation device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram at point A;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a side view of the all-weather power generation device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the light-tracking and focusing section of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the Fresnel lens of the present invention adjusts its angle according to the angle change of the sun's rising and setting (solar altitude angle);

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the Fresnel lens of the present invention adjusts its angle as the solar azimuth changes;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat storage and heat exchange section and the thermoelectric power generation section of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram at point B;

[0034] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram at point C;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a top view of the heat storage and heat exchange section and the thermoelectric power generation section of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe connection structure of the heat storage and heat exchange section of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the thermoelectric power generation unit of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 14 This is an exploded structural diagram of the thermoelectric power generation unit of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling structure in the thermoelectric power generation unit of the present invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Beam tracking and focusing section; 11. Bearing seat support frame; 12. Elevation angle adjustment shaft; 13. Azimuth angle control motor base; 14. Fresnel lens frame support rod; 15. Fresnel lens frame; 16. Elevation angle control motor; 17. Azimuth angle adjustment shaft; 18. Azimuth angle control motor; 19. Fresnel lens; 110. Connector; 111. Elevation angle control motor support frame;

[0042] 2. Heat storage and heat exchange section; 21. Concentrating heat exchanger; 22. Oil outlet pipeline; 23. Oil inlet pipeline; 24. Hot oil pump; 25. Heat storage tank; 26. Concentrating heat exchange cover plate; 27. Fins; 28. Baffle plate; 29. ​​Multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil;

[0043] 3. Thermoelectric power generation unit; 31. Thermoelectric heat exchanger; 32. Thermoelectric device; 33. Three-way valve; 34. Oil inlet branch; 35. Oil outlet branch; 36. Water-cooled plate; 37. Radiator; 38. Cooling fan; 39. Water pump; 310. Water outlet; 311. Cooling water supply pipeline; 312. Water inlet; 313. Hot water return pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2This embodiment is a distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology, including a solar concentrator 1, a heat storage and heat exchange unit 2, and a thermoelectric power generation unit 3. The solar concentrator 1 includes a concentrator and a dual-axis solar tracking system. The dual-axis solar tracking system can adjust the angle of the concentrator according to the changes in the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle so that the concentrator can be perpendicular to the sunlight to the greatest extent. The heat storage and heat exchange unit 2 includes a concentrating heating unit, a heat transport unit, and a heat storage unit. The concentrator can concentrate sunlight onto the concentrating heating unit so that the concentrating heating unit absorbs solar energy and generates heat. The heat transport unit can transport and store the heat in the concentrating heating unit into the heat storage unit.

[0048] The thermoelectric power generation unit 3 includes a thermoelectric device 32, a heating unit, and a cooling and heat dissipation unit. The heating unit and the cooling and heat dissipation unit are respectively disposed at the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric device 32. The heating unit is connected to the heat transport unit so that the heating unit can absorb heat from the concentrating heating unit or the heat storage unit through the heat transport unit to heat the hot end of the thermoelectric device 32. The cooling and heat dissipation unit can dissipate heat to cool the cold end of the thermoelectric device 32 so as to form a temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric device 32. The thermoelectric device 32 can perform thermoelectric conversion under the effect of temperature difference.

[0049] When the distributed solar all-weather power generation device is working, the dual-axis tracking system adjusts the angle of the concentrator according to changes in the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle, so that the concentrator is as perpendicular to the sunlight as possible, thereby increasing its light concentration. The concentrator also focuses sunlight onto the concentrating heating element, allowing it to absorb solar energy and generate heat. The heat transfer section transfers a portion of the heat from the concentrating heating element to the heat storage section, and simultaneously transfers another portion of the heat from the concentrating heating element to the hot end of the thermoelectric device 32 to heat it. Meanwhile, the cooling and heat dissipation section cools the thermoelectric device 32. The device heats up the ends to create a temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric device 32, thereby enabling the thermoelectric device 32 to generate electricity under the effect of temperature difference. When it is nighttime or rainy weather and the thermoelectric device cannot generate electricity directly through solar energy, the heat storage part transfers the previously stored heat to the hot end of the thermoelectric device 32 through the heat transfer part to heat the hot end of the thermoelectric device 32. Combined with the heat dissipation part cooling the cold end, the thermoelectric device 32 generates electricity under the effect of temperature difference. Thus, the device can generate electricity around the clock through heat storage and thermoelectric power generation, solving the problem of power supply difficulties at night and in rainy weather of traditional solar power generation equipment.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Please see Figures 1-6As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments lies in that the dual-axis tracking system includes a bearing seat support frame 11, an elevation angle adjustment unit, and an azimuth angle adjustment unit. The elevation angle adjustment unit and the azimuth angle adjustment unit can form two spatially perpendicular rotary joints on the bearing seat support frame 11. The elevation angle adjustment unit can drive the concentrator to track and adjust according to changes in the solar elevation angle, with the center of rotation of the bearing seat on the bearing seat support frame 11 as the rotation center. The azimuth angle adjustment unit can drive the concentrator to track and adjust according to changes in the solar azimuth angle, with the rotation center perpendicular to the axis of the bearing seat as the rotation center. This enables precise tracking of sunlight, ensuring that the sunlight is perpendicular to the surface of the concentrator, thereby increasing the amount of light concentrated by the concentrator, and ultimately improving the efficiency of solar energy collection and utilization, as well as the power generation efficiency of the equipment. The concentrating heating element is located on the inner ring of the bearing seat support frame 11, and is situated at the center of the cross intersection of two rotary joints. The two rotary joints form a virtual plane, which is always parallel to the plane of the concentrating element. The distance between the two planes is the focal length of the concentrating element, and the point where the two rotary joints intersect is the focal point of the concentrating element. When the angle of the concentrating element is adjusted by rotating the two rotary joints, the change in angle will cause the focal point to move or deform slightly (for example, if the component is placed directly under the sun at noon, the shape of the focal point on the concentrating heating element is circular. As time changes and the sun's angle changes, the rotary joints rotate to adjust, and the shape of the focal point on the concentrating heating element will become elliptical). However, it can be ensured that the focal point is always focused on the concentrating heating element to ensure that the concentrating heating element can continuously absorb solar energy for heating.

[0052] Specifically, the altitude angle adjustment unit includes an altitude angle adjustment shaft 12, an azimuth angle control motor base 13, an altitude angle control motor 16, and an altitude angle control motor support frame 111. The azimuth angle control motor base 13 is rotatably mounted on the inner ring of the bearing seat support frame 11 via the altitude angle adjustment shafts 12 at both ends. The concentrator is mounted on the azimuth angle control motor base 13 via the azimuth angle adjustment unit. The altitude angle control motor 16 is mounted on the bearing seat support frame 11 via the altitude angle control motor support frame 111, and the altitude angle control motor 16 can drive the azimuth angle control motor base 13 to rotate and adjust along the solar altitude angle direction, so that the azimuth angle control motor base 13 drives the azimuth angle adjustment unit and the concentrator to rotate and adjust along the solar altitude angle direction. The azimuth angle adjustment unit includes an azimuth angle adjustment shaft 17 and a azimuth angle control motor base 18. The azimuth control motor 18 is fixedly mounted on the azimuth control motor base 13. The azimuth adjustment shaft 17 is rotatably mounted on the azimuth control motor base 13. One end of the azimuth adjustment shaft 17 is fixedly connected to the focusing part, so that the azimuth control motor 18 can drive the focusing part to rotate and adjust along the solar azimuth direction through the azimuth adjustment shaft 17. The focusing part includes a Fresnel lens frame support rod 14, a Fresnel lens frame 15, and a Fresnel lens 19. The Fresnel lens frame 15 includes two sets of arc-shaped frames and a connector 110. The two sets of arc-shaped frames are connected by the connector 110 to form a circular frame structure. The Fresnel lens 19 is fixedly mounted in the circular frame structure. One end of the Fresnel lens frame support rod 14 is connected to the connector 110, and the other end is connected to the dual-axis tracking system.

[0053] The axes of the elevation angle adjustment shaft 12 and the azimuth angle adjustment shaft 17 are perpendicularly intersecting each other. Two Fresnel lens frame support rods 14 are fixedly connected to the inner ends of the two azimuth angle adjustment shafts 17, respectively. One of the azimuth angle adjustment shafts 17 is driven by the output shaft of the azimuth angle control motor 18 as a drive shaft. The two elevation angle adjustment shafts 12 are rotatably mounted in the bearing seats at both ends of the bearing seat support frame 11, and are fixedly connected to both ends of the azimuth angle control motor base 13, respectively. One of the elevation angle adjustment shafts 12 is driven by the output shaft of the elevation angle control motor 16 as a drive shaft. When the light is focused by the tracking beam 1... When sunlight is being tracked and focused, the elevation angle control motor 16 drives the azimuth angle control motor base 13 to rotate and adjust along the solar elevation angle direction. This causes the azimuth angle control motor base 13 to drive the azimuth angle adjustment unit and the focusing part to rotate and adjust along the solar elevation angle direction. Then, the azimuth angle control motor 18 drives the Fresnel lens frame support rod 14 to rotate and adjust along the solar azimuth angle direction through the azimuth angle adjustment shaft 17. This causes the Fresnel lens frame support rod 14 to drive the Fresnel lens 19 to rotate and adjust along the solar azimuth angle direction. Thus, through the dual-axis adjustment of the angle of the Fresnel lens 19, the surface of the Fresnel lens 19 can always be as perpendicular to the sunlight as possible, thereby improving its focusing effect.

[0054] The bearing housing support frame 11 is bent at the bottom and has holes for installation and fixing. The upper end has reserved holes for installing the height angle adjustment shaft 12. The height angle adjustment shaft 12 is inserted into the inner ring of the bearing housing and fixed. The center of the height angle adjustment shaft 12 is collinear with the center of the bearing.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] Please see Figures 1-3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figures 10-12As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment lies in that the concentrating heating section includes a concentrating heat exchanger 21, the interior of which is filled with heat transfer oil, and a concentrating heat exchange cover plate 26 is fixedly installed on the top of the concentrating heat exchanger 21. Multiple fins 27 immersed in the heat transfer oil are provided on the bottom surface of the concentrating heat exchange cover plate 26. A partition 28 is provided inside the concentrating heat exchanger 21, dividing the interior of the concentrating heat exchanger 21 into an oil inlet chamber and an oil outlet chamber. The oil inlet chamber and the oil outlet chamber are respectively connected to both ends of the heat transfer section, and are connected to each other through an overflow port at the top of the partition 28. The heat storage section includes a heat storage tank 25, which stores heat storage salt. The heat storage tank 25 also contains materials buried in the heat storage tank. The multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29 inside the salt has a heat transfer section connected between the concentrating heat exchanger 21 and the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29, so that the concentrating heat exchanger 21, the heat transfer section and the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29 are connected to form a circulating oil transfer circuit. The heat transfer section includes an oil outlet pipe 22, an oil inlet pipe 23 and a hot oil pump 24. One end of the oil outlet pipe 22 is connected to the oil outlet chamber in the concentrating heat exchanger 21, and the other end of the oil outlet pipe 22 is connected to the inlet end of the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29. One end of the oil inlet pipe 23 is connected to the outlet end of the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29, and the other end of the oil inlet pipe 23 is connected to the oil inlet chamber in the concentrating heat exchanger 21. The hot oil pump 24 is connected and installed on the oil inlet pipe 23.

[0057] During concentrated solar thermal storage, sunlight is focused onto the concentrated solar heat exchange cover plate 26 at the top of the concentrated solar heat exchanger 21 through the Fresnel lens 19, causing the temperature of the concentrated solar heat exchange cover plate 26 to rise. The concentrated solar heat exchange cover plate 26 efficiently transfers the temperature to the heat transfer oil in the concentrated solar heat exchanger 21 through the fins 27 on its bottom surface. The hot oil pump 24 pumps the heat transfer oil into the concentrated solar heat exchanger 21 from the oil inlet pipe 23, so that the heat transfer oil overflows from the oil inlet chamber to the oil outlet chamber from the upper end of the baffle 28. At this time, the heat transfer oil flows through multiple fins 27 in the concentrated solar heat exchanger 21 to carry away heat, and then flows through the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29 from the oil outlet pipe 22. The heat is transferred to the heat storage salt stored in the heat storage tank 25 through the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29. After the temperature of the heat transfer oil drops, it flows back into the concentrated solar heat exchanger 21 from the oil inlet pipe 23 to form a circulation flow, so as to realize the circulation of heat transfer and storage.

[0058] The heat storage salt is a ternary carbonate, which is a eutectic mixture composed of lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and potassium carbonate. Its specific heat capacity in the molten state can reach 2.0. The heat exchange capacity is above kJ / (kg·K), far exceeding that of ordinary solar salts (such as single nitrates or chlorides). This allows each kilogram of ternary carbonate to absorb and store more heat within the same temperature range, significantly reducing the amount of heat storage salt required for the equipment. This, in turn, reduces the equipment size, facilitating transportation and installation, and also helps reduce equipment costs. The multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29 is equipped with a multi-layer heat exchange coil structure distributed vertically. The pipe is first bent from the outside to the inside to form one layer of heat exchange coil structure, and then bent from the inside to the outside to form a second layer of heat exchange coil structure. This process is repeated, and a multi-layer heat exchange coil structure distributed vertically can be formed by bending a single pipe. This increases the contact area between the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29 and the heat storage salt, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29 and the heat storage salt, thus improving the heat storage efficiency and the heat power generation efficiency of the heat storage salt.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figures 13-15 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the heating part includes a thermoelectric heat exchanger 31, a three-way valve 33, an oil inlet branch 34, and an oil outlet branch 35. The thermoelectric heat exchanger 31 has a heat exchange channel inside, and thermoelectric devices 32 are installed in close contact on both sides of the thermoelectric heat exchanger 31. The three-way valve 33 is connected to the oil inlet pipe 23. One end of the three-way valve 33 is connected to the oil inlet branch 34, one end of the oil inlet branch 34 is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchange channel, the outlet end of the heat exchange channel is connected to the oil outlet branch 35, and one end of the oil outlet branch 35 is connected to the oil outlet pipe 22.

[0061] When the distributed all-weather power generation unit is put into use, the interface connecting the three-way valve 33 and the oil inlet branch 34 is closed. At this time, the heat transfer oil only circulates within the oil inlet pipe 23, the concentrating heat exchanger 21, the oil outlet pipe 22, and the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29 to achieve heat storage through heat exchange between the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29 and the heat storage salt in the heat storage tank 25. When the concentrating heat exchange has been performed for a certain period of time and the heat transfer oil in the oil inlet pipe 23 reaches the power generation temperature while heat storage is taking place, all three interfaces of the three-way valve 33 are connected. At this time, part of the heat transfer oil in the oil inlet pipe 23 flows through the oil inlet branch 34, passes through the thermoelectric device heat exchanger 31, and then flows into the oil outlet pipe through the oil outlet branch 35. The circuit 22 forms a circulating flow, which heats the hot end of the thermoelectric device 32, enabling it to generate electricity under the temperature difference effect. At night or in cloudy or rainy weather without sunlight, the interface on the three-way valve 33 connected to the concentrating heat exchanger 21 is sealed. At this time, the heat transfer oil can only flow from the inlet pipe 23 through the inlet pipe branch 34, through the thermoelectric device heat exchanger 31, and then through the outlet pipe branch 35 into the outlet pipe 22, forming a circulating flow. In the circulating flow, the heat stored in the heat storage salt is absorbed by the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil 29 to heat the hot end of the thermoelectric device 32, enabling it to generate electricity under the temperature difference effect, thus achieving all-weather power generation of the equipment.

[0062] By installing thermoelectric devices 32 in close contact with both sides of the thermoelectric device heat exchanger 31, the thermal utilization rate of the thermoelectric device heat exchanger 31 can be improved, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the equipment.

[0063] The cooling and heat dissipation section includes a radiator 37 and two water-cooled plates 36. The two water-cooled plates 36 are respectively installed close to the cold ends of two thermoelectric devices 32. The radiator 37 and the water-cooled plates 36 are respectively provided with heat dissipation channels and cooling channels. The radiator 37 is provided with an outlet 310 and an inlet 312 that are respectively connected to the two ends of the heat dissipation channels. The outlet 310 is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel through a cooling water supply pipe 311. The inlet 312 is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel through a hot water return pipe 313, so that the heat dissipation channels, cooling water supply pipe 311, cooling channels and hot water return pipe 313 are connected in sequence to form a circulating heat dissipation pipe. A water pump 39 is also connected and installed on the outlet 310.

[0064] The water pump 39 drives the cooling water in the circulating heat dissipation pipe to circulate. When the cooling water flows through the water-cooled plate 36, it exchanges heat with the cold end of the thermoelectric device 32 to cool it down, ensuring that the cold end of the thermoelectric device 32 is always kept at a low temperature and that there is a suitable temperature difference between the hot and cold ends, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the thermoelectric device 32. After the cooling water temperature rises due to heat exchange, it flows back to the radiator 37. When it flows in the radiator 37, the cooling fan 38 carries away the heat of the cooling water to cool it down. After the cooling water temperature drops, it flows back into the water-cooled plate 36 to form a circulation flow, so as to continuously cool the cold end of the thermoelectric device 32.

[0065] Example 5

[0066] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment differs from the above embodiments in that it also includes an intelligent control system, a solar sensor, and a temperature sensor. The solar tracking and concentrating unit 1, the thermal storage and heat exchange unit 2, and the thermoelectric power generation unit 3 are all controlled by the intelligent system. The solar sensor is used to detect the solar azimuth angle and solar altitude angle, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the thermal storage unit. The intelligent control system can drive the solar tracking and concentrating unit 1 to track and concentrate sunlight according to the solar azimuth angle and solar altitude angle detected by the solar sensor. The intelligent control system can also adjust the transmission path between the heat transport unit and the concentrating heating unit and the thermal storage unit according to the temperature of the thermal storage unit detected by the temperature sensor, so that the thermoelectric device 32 can absorb the heat of the concentrating heating unit to generate electricity when there is sunlight, and absorb the heat in the thermal storage unit to generate electricity at night or in cloudy or rainy weather, so as to realize all-weather power generation of the thermoelectric device 32.

[0067] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0068] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the present invention, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology, characterized in that: It includes a solar concentrator, a thermal storage and heat exchange unit, and a thermoelectric power generation unit. The solar concentrator includes a concentrator and a dual-axis solar tracking system. The dual-axis solar tracking system can adjust the angle of the concentrator according to the changes in the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle so that the concentrator is perpendicular to the sunlight. The thermal storage and heat exchange unit includes a solar heating unit, a heat transport unit, and a heat storage unit. The concentrator can concentrate sunlight onto the solar heating unit so that the solar heating unit absorbs solar energy and generates heat. The heat transport unit can transport and store the heat in the solar heating unit into the heat storage unit. The thermoelectric power generation unit includes a thermoelectric device, a heating unit, and a cooling and heat dissipation unit. The heating unit and the cooling and heat dissipation unit are respectively located at the hot end and cold end of the thermoelectric device. The heating unit is connected to the heat transport unit so that the heating unit can absorb heat from the concentrating heating unit or the heat storage unit through the heat transport unit to heat the hot end of the thermoelectric device. The cooling and heat dissipation unit can dissipate heat to cool the cold end of the thermoelectric device so as to form a temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric device. The thermoelectric device can perform thermoelectric conversion under the effect of temperature difference. The heat storage section includes a heat storage tank containing heat storage salt. The heat storage tank is also equipped with a multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil embedded inside the heat storage salt. The heat transfer section is connected between the concentrating heat exchanger and the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil, so that the concentrating heat exchanger, the heat transfer section and the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil are connected to form a circulating oil circuit. The heat transfer section includes an oil outlet pipeline, an oil inlet pipeline, and a hot oil pump. One end of the oil outlet pipeline is connected to the oil outlet chamber inside the concentrator heat exchanger, and the other end of the oil outlet pipeline is connected to the inlet end of the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil. One end of the oil inlet pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the multi-layer spiral vortex heat exchange coil, and the other end of the oil inlet pipeline is connected to the oil inlet chamber inside the concentrator heat exchanger. The hot oil pump is connected and installed on the oil inlet pipeline. The heating section includes a thermoelectric heat exchanger, a three-way valve, an oil inlet branch, and an oil outlet branch. The thermoelectric heat exchanger has a heat exchange channel inside, and thermoelectric devices are installed in close contact on both sides of the heat exchanger. The three-way valve is connected to the oil inlet pipe. One end of the three-way valve is connected to the oil inlet branch, one end of the oil inlet branch is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchange channel, and the outlet end of the heat exchange channel is connected to the oil outlet branch. One end of the oil outlet branch is connected to the oil outlet pipe.

2. The distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-axis tracking system includes a bearing seat support frame, an elevation angle adjustment unit, and an azimuth angle adjustment unit. The elevation angle adjustment unit and the azimuth angle adjustment unit can form two spatially perpendicular rotary pairs on the bearing seat support frame. The elevation angle adjustment unit can drive the focusing part to track and adjust according to the change of solar elevation angle with the center of the bearing seat on the bearing seat support frame as the rotation center. The azimuth angle adjustment unit can drive the focusing part to track and adjust according to the change of solar azimuth angle with the direction perpendicular to the axis of the bearing seat as the rotation center. The focusing heating part is located in the inner ring of the bearing seat support frame.

3. A distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elevation angle adjustment unit includes an elevation angle adjustment shaft, an azimuth angle control motor base, an elevation angle control motor, and an elevation angle control motor support frame. The azimuth angle control motor base is rotatably mounted on the inner ring of the bearing seat support frame via the elevation angle adjustment shafts at both ends. The focusing part is mounted on the azimuth angle control motor base via the azimuth angle adjustment unit. The elevation angle control motor is mounted on the bearing seat support frame via the elevation angle control motor support frame. The elevation angle control motor can drive the azimuth angle control motor base to rotate and adjust along the solar elevation angle direction, so that the azimuth angle control motor base drives the azimuth angle adjustment unit and the focusing part to rotate and adjust along the solar elevation angle direction. The azimuth adjustment unit includes an azimuth adjustment shaft and an azimuth control motor. The azimuth control motor is fixedly installed on an azimuth control motor base, and the azimuth adjustment shaft is rotatably installed on the azimuth control motor base. One end of the azimuth adjustment shaft is fixedly connected to the concentrator, so that the azimuth control motor can drive the concentrator to rotate and adjust along the solar azimuth direction through the azimuth adjustment shaft.

4. A distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing unit includes a Fresnel lens frame support rod, a Fresnel lens frame, and a Fresnel lens. The Fresnel lens frame includes two sets of arc-shaped frames and connectors. The two sets of arc-shaped frames are connected by the connectors to form a circular frame structure. The Fresnel lens is fixedly installed in the circular frame structure. One end of the Fresnel lens frame support rod is connected to the connector, and the other end is connected to the dual-axis tracking system.

5. A distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentrating heating unit includes a concentrating heat exchanger, the interior of which is filled with heat transfer oil, and a concentrating heat exchange cover plate is fixedly installed on the top of the concentrating heat exchanger. The bottom surface of the concentrating heat exchange cover plate is provided with multiple fins immersed in the heat transfer oil. The concentrating heat exchanger is equipped with a partition, which divides the interior of the concentrating heat exchanger into an oil inlet chamber and an oil outlet chamber. The oil inlet chamber and the oil outlet chamber are respectively connected to both ends of the heat transfer section, and the oil inlet chamber and the oil outlet chamber are connected through an overflow port at the top of the partition.

6. A distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat storage salt is a ternary carbonate.

7. A distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling and heat dissipation section includes a radiator and two water-cooled plates. The two water-cooled plates are respectively installed in close contact with the cold ends of two thermoelectric devices. The radiator and the water-cooled plates are respectively provided with heat dissipation channels and cooling channels. The radiator is provided with an outlet and an inlet that are respectively connected to the two ends of the heat dissipation channels. The outlet is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel through a cooling water supply pipe. The inlet is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel through a hot water return pipe, so that the heat dissipation channels, cooling water supply pipe, cooling channels and hot water return pipe are sequentially connected to form a circulating heat dissipation pipe. A water pump is also connected and installed on the outlet.

8. A distributed solar all-weather power generation device based on thermoelectric technology according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It also includes an intelligent control system, a solar sensor, and a temperature sensor. The solar sensor is used to detect the solar azimuth angle and solar altitude angle, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the thermal storage unit. The intelligent control system can drive the solar tracking and concentrating unit to track and concentrate sunlight based on the solar azimuth angle and solar altitude angle detected by the solar sensor. The intelligent control system can also adjust the transmission path between the heat transport unit and the concentrating heating unit and the thermal storage unit based on the temperature of the thermal storage unit detected by the temperature sensor, so as to realize all-weather power generation of the thermoelectric device.

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