Intelligent phosphorus removal agent adding system and method based on activated sludge process sewage treatment process

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent phosphorus removal agent adding system and method based on an activated sludge process sewage treatment process, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. A monitoring module, a control module, an adding module, an agent storage module, a process linkage feedback regulation module and a safety protection module are in signal connection and then cooperatively work; the method breaks through the deficiency of the traditional phosphorus removal agent adding technology on process suitability, realizes the synergism of agent adding and sludge reduction by integrating an activated sludge process flow, accurately adding in different areas, constructing double closed-loop feedback and additionally arranging a process abnormality instant response, improves the phosphorus removal effect, reduces agent waste, and simultaneously reduces the cost of the phosphorus removal agent. The stability of the activated sludge system is guaranteed, the operation and maintenance cost is reduced, the effluent quality is ensured to be stable and reach the standard, and meanwhile, the method has good process suitability, compatibility and safety reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and specifically relates to an intelligent phosphorus removal agent dosing system and method based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process. Background Technology

[0002] In wastewater treatment processes using the activated sludge method, phosphorus removal relies on the synergistic effect of biological and chemical phosphorus removal. Among these methods, chemical phosphorus removal is a key means to ensure that the total phosphorus in the effluent meets the standards due to its rapid effectiveness and flexible control. The core of chemical phosphorus removal is to add phosphorus removal agents (such as polyaluminum chloride, ferrous sulfate, and polyferric sulfate) to the biological treatment tank, so that phosphorus reacts with the agents to form insoluble precipitates, which are then removed by sedimentation of the activated sludge flocs.

[0003] While existing phosphorus removal agent dosing technologies have achieved a certain degree of intelligence in conventional wastewater treatment scenarios, their adaptability to activated sludge processes is insufficient, and they still have many technical shortcomings, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high efficiency, energy saving, and stable compliance under activated sludge processes. Specific problems are as follows: ① Lack of process adaptability Existing intelligent dosing systems do not incorporate the characteristics of the activated sludge process (such as MLSS concentration, sludge age, dissolved oxygen in the biological treatment tank) into their dosing strategies. Instead, they only consider parameters such as phosphorus concentration and flow rate. This can easily lead to excessive dosing of chemicals, which can damage the structure of activated sludge flocs, resulting in decreased sludge settling performance and increased operating load on the biological treatment system.

[0004] ② Low dosing accuracy and process synergy Traditional dosing methods rely on manual experience or fixed ratios to set the dosage, without considering the dynamic coupling changes of parameters such as water quality (phosphorus concentration, COD / BOD, MLSS), water volume, water temperature, and pH in the activated sludge process. This can easily lead to insufficient dosing, resulting in excessive phosphorus in the effluent, or excessive dosing, causing waste of reagents, a surge in sludge volume, and abnormal effluent pH, which increases the cost of subsequent sludge treatment and carbon emissions.

[0005] ③ Slow response speed and weak impact resistance Existing online monitoring equipment has long sampling intervals and data delays, making it impossible to capture in real time changes in phosphorus concentration caused by sudden changes in influent load (such as high-concentration industrial wastewater shocks) and fluctuations in the operating conditions of the biological treatment tank in the activated sludge process. The adjustment of dosing strategies is lagging, which can easily lead to the risk of excessive phosphorus in the effluent. At the same time, there is a lack of shock buffer dosing mechanisms for activated sludge systems.

[0006] ④ Low level of intelligence and poor model generalization Most dosing systems use single-variable control and have not built multi-factor coupled prediction models adapted to the activated sludge process. They lack the ability for autonomous learning and adaptive optimization of the process and rely on manual periodic calibration and adjustment, which increases operation and maintenance costs. Some intelligent models are only designed for specific water quality / scale and cannot be adapted to wastewater treatment plants with different activated sludge process parameters (such as different sludge ages and MLSS ranges).

[0007] ⑤ Insufficient compatibility and scalability Existing dosing equipment is mostly designed for non-activated sludge processes (such as high-efficiency sedimentation tanks), without considering the impact of mixing conditions in the biological tank and the location of reagent dosing on phosphorus removal efficiency, resulting in poor versatility; moreover, it does not support the sharing of process parameters and unified model optimization for multi-plant collaboration, thus limiting its scalability.

[0008] ⑥ Lack of safety protection and process coordination The existing system's alarms only apply to equipment malfunctions and do not include protection against abnormal activated sludge process conditions (such as sudden drops in MLSS or adjustments to reagent dosage during sludge bulking). When sensors malfunction, reagents are insufficient, or process conditions change abruptly, targeted emergency dosing measures cannot be triggered in a timely manner, which can easily lead to both abnormal operation of the biological system and excessive effluent standards.

[0009] The aforementioned problems urgently require the development of an intelligent phosphorus removal agent dosing system and method that meets the process characteristics of activated sludge process, enables real-time monitoring, accurate prediction, intelligent adjustment, strong adaptability, and process linkage safety protection. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent phosphorus removal agent dosing system and method based on the activated sludge wastewater treatment process. By constructing a multivariate coupled model by combining the core parameters of the activated sludge process, it can realize real-time monitoring of water quality / process parameters, accurate prediction of phosphorus load for process adaptation, and dynamic adjustment of dosage. While improving the phosphorus removal effect and reducing agent waste, it can also ensure the stability of the activated sludge system, reduce operation and maintenance costs, ensure stable effluent quality, and have good process adaptability, compatibility, and safety and reliability.

[0011] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: an intelligent phosphorus removal agent dosing system based on the activated sludge wastewater treatment process, the dosing system comprising: The monitoring module is used to collect process parameter data of the activated sludge process in real time and perform stratified preprocessing on the process parameter data. A control module that is communicatively connected to the monitoring module, the control module dynamically calculates the corresponding phosphorus load prediction value based on different activated sludge processes; A dosing module that is communicatively connected to the control module, wherein the dosing module performs zoned dosing in the biological treatment tank according to the activated sludge process and performs closed-loop control of the dosing amount in each zone; A drug storage module that is communicatively connected to the control module, the drug storage module being used for drug storage and online monitoring of drug concentration; A feedback adjustment module that is communicatively connected to the control module is used to monitor water quality parameters and activated sludge process parameters in real time and perform dual deviation adjustment. A safety protection module that communicates with the control module is used for graded early warning of abnormal operation of the activated sludge system and activation of emergency plans.

[0012] Furthermore, the monitoring module includes: Monitoring components are used to acquire monitoring data; A hierarchical preprocessing unit is communicatively connected to the monitoring component. The hierarchical preprocessing unit obtains hierarchical preprocessed data after performing hierarchical cleaning and process abnormal data identification on the monitoring data. The hierarchical preprocessing unit is communicatively connected to the control module.

[0013] Furthermore, the control module includes: The data processing unit is used to receive hierarchical preprocessed data transmitted by the monitoring module; The prediction unit receives hierarchical preprocessed data, constructs a multivariate coupling relationship model to dynamically calculate the predicted phosphorus load value and outputs the tolerance agent dosage threshold. The dosing decision unit generates zonal dosing instructions based on the predicted phosphorus load and the tolerance agent dosing threshold, and sets the zonal dosing amount for each zonal area by the zonal dosing instructions; A process adaptive parameter update unit, which is used to dynamically update the parameters of a multivariable coupling relationship model; The human-machine interaction unit is used to display real-time monitoring data, process parameter data, zoned dosage, multivariate coupling relationship model parameters, and activated sludge system operating status.

[0014] Furthermore, the dosing module includes: Several zone dosing pipelines are arranged according to the zone characteristics of the biochemical pool; A zone metering pump group is installed on the zone dosing pipeline. The zone metering pump group is connected to the reagent storage module and is equipped with a metering pump. The metering pump is connected to the control module and its operation is controlled by the zone dosing command. A mixer located within the biochemical tank; A flow regulating valve and a dosage feedback sensor are installed on the zoned dosing pipeline, and the flow regulating valve and the dosage feedback sensor are respectively communicatively connected to the control module.

[0015] Furthermore, the drug storage module includes: A pharmaceutical storage tank, wherein the pharmaceutical storage tank is equipped with a liquid level sensor and an online pharmaceutical concentration monitor, and the liquid level sensor and the online pharmaceutical concentration monitor are respectively communicatively connected to the control module; It also includes: a stirring device installed inside the pharmaceutical storage tank.

[0016] This invention also provides a method for intelligent dosing of phosphorus removal agents based on activated sludge wastewater treatment technology, the method comprising: S1: Real-time acquisition of process parameter data of activated sludge process flow and stratified preprocessing of process parameter data; S2: Based on historical operating data, stratified pretreatment data and activated sludge process parameter database, construct a multivariate coupling relationship model, dynamically calculate the predicted phosphorus load value and output the threshold of the activated sludge system's tolerance to reagent dosage. S3: Calculate the optimal phosphorus removal agent dosage based on the phosphorus load forecast and generate zonal dosing instructions according to the zonal characteristics of the biological treatment tank; S4: Execute the zone dosing command to deliver the phosphorus removal agent to the corresponding dosing point in each zone of the biological treatment tank and provide real-time feedback on the dosing amount in each zone; S5: Real-time monitoring of total phosphorus concentration and activated sludge process parameters at the effluent outlet of each zone of the biological treatment tank; construction of a dual-deviation computer mechanism to generate dual-deviation data; and dynamic correction of the dosage in each zone based on the dual-deviation data. S6: Dynamically update the multivariate coupling relationship model based on hierarchical preprocessed data, double-biased data, and historical operational data; S7: Implement graded early warnings and activate emergency plans by monitoring abnormal changes in system equipment status, water quality parameters, and activated sludge process parameters in real time.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the method for generating the partition application instruction is as follows: S301: Collect predicted phosphorus load, current total phosphorus concentration, preset effluent phosphorus concentration standard, and tolerance threshold for reagent dosage; S302: Calculate the optimal dosage of dephosphorizing agent using a particle swarm optimization algorithm with process constraints; S303: Generate zoned dosing instructions based on the phosphorus removal efficiency of the biological treatment tank zones.

[0018] Furthermore, in S5, the method for dynamically correcting the dosage of each zone based on the dual deviation data is as follows: If the total phosphorus concentration in the effluent deviates from the preset standard by ≤ ±0.05 mg / L, and the activated sludge process parameters are all within the normal threshold, then the current dosage for each zone should be maintained. If the total phosphorus concentration in the effluent deviates from the preset standard by more than ±0.05 mg / L, and the activated sludge process parameters are all within the normal threshold, the dosage of each zone will be dynamically adjusted. If the deviation value of the activated sludge process parameters exceeds the threshold, the dosage of phosphorus removal agent will be adjusted to within the tolerance dosage threshold first, and then the dosage of each zone will be dynamically adjusted and a process abnormality warning will be output.

[0019] Furthermore, in S7, the tiered early warning and emergency response activation plan includes: If a device malfunction occurs, a Level 1 alarm will be activated and the device will be automatically calibrated to maintain the current dosage for the zone. If abnormal activated sludge process parameters and / or effluent total phosphorus concentration occur, a level 2 alarm will be activated and an emergency dosing plan will be initiated. If a serious abnormality occurs, a level three alarm will be activated and the system will automatically switch to manual control mode, initiating the emergency dosing plan. By adopting the above-mentioned triple safety protection, the system is reliable and has strong process linkage, breaking through the limitations of traditional equipment protection. It constructs a triple safety protection system for equipment failure, process abnormality, and sudden water quality change, and formulates emergency dosing plans for different types of abnormalities. At the same time, it sets up an activated sludge system protection unit to prioritize the stability of the biological system, improving the system's operational reliability by more than 95%.

[0020] Furthermore, the dosing method also includes: cyclically executing S1-S7 and periodically uploading the operating data to the cloud for data sharing, supporting a cloud-edge collaborative activated sludge process sharing architecture, enabling real-time control of a single plant at the edge, and enabling multi-plant process parameter sharing, unified model optimization, and collaborative adjustment of dosing strategies in the cloud. It can adapt to the single / mixed dosing of various phosphorus removal agents, has strong scalability and compatibility, and enables multi-plant collaborative optimization. It is suitable for various wastewater treatment plants using the activated sludge process, such as municipal and industrial parks. Meanwhile, a sludge reduction and synergistic control function is added. By combining sludge production data, the synergistic relationship between reagent dosage and sludge settling performance is continuously optimized. Under the premise of ensuring phosphorus removal effect, the sludge production rate is reduced by 5%-10%, which reduces the subsequent sludge treatment cost and carbon emissions, and achieves a dual improvement in environmental and economic benefits.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention is compatible with activated sludge processes, offering high dosing precision while maintaining sludge stability. It constructs a multivariate coupled model of phosphorus removal rate, water quality parameters, and activated sludge process parameters, incorporating core process parameters such as MLSS, SVI, and sludge age. Simultaneously, it outputs the tolerance threshold for reagent dosing in the activated sludge system, achieving a dosing deviation of ≤0.05mg / L. This effectively avoids effluent exceeding standards due to insufficient dosing or sludge floc destruction due to excessive dosing, ensuring stable effluent total phosphorus concentration and safe operation of the activated sludge system. This solves the core problem of lack of process compatibility in traditional technologies.

[0022] This invention employs zoned precise dosing, resulting in high phosphorus removal efficiency and low reagent consumption. It utilizes zoned dosing tailored to the characteristics of the biological treatment tank, selecting dosing points in the aerobic zone where phosphorus removal efficiency is highest. Combined with a reagent slow-release device and a process-adaptive mixer, it achieves uniform mixing of reagents and mixed liquid without disturbing the sludge, improving phosphorus removal efficiency by 10%-15% while reducing reagent consumption by 20%-30%, significantly reducing operating costs.

[0023] This invention constructs a dual deviation adjustment mechanism based on water quality feedback and activated sludge process parameter feedback. It has a fast response speed and strong shock resistance. The data transmission and model update response time is ≤3 minutes, which can quickly capture water quality fluctuations and sudden changes in process conditions. Emergency dosing schemes are designed for influent load shocks and process anomalies, which significantly improves shock resistance and effectively avoids effluent exceeding standards and abnormal operation of the biological system.

[0024] The process adaptive optimization of this invention is highly intelligent and has low operation and maintenance costs. It can realize full-process automation from parameter monitoring, process adaptability prediction, zoned addition, dual feedback to model process adaptive optimization, without the need for frequent manual intervention. The model supports regular updates and real-time updates for process mutations, has strong generalization, and can be adapted to activated sludge wastewater treatment plants of different sizes and process parameters, reducing manual operation and maintenance costs by 30%-40%. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the intelligent phosphorus removal agent dosing system based on the activated sludge wastewater treatment process provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar modules or modules having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Rather, the embodiments of this application include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Example

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, a smart phosphorus removal agent dosing system based on the activated sludge wastewater treatment process is specifically provided. This dosing system is adaptable to the dosing of single or mixed phosphorus removal agents such as polyaluminum chloride, ferrous sulfate, and polyferric sulfate. The dosing system includes the following parts: ① Monitoring module This monitoring module is used to collect process parameter data of the activated sludge process in real time and perform stratified preprocessing on the process parameter data. The process parameters include: water quality parameters at the inlet / each zone of the biological treatment tank / outlet, including total phosphorus concentration, COD concentration, BOD concentration, pH value, and dissolved oxygen (DO); water flow parameters, including influent flow rate and return sludge flow rate; environmental parameters, including water temperature and mixed liquor temperature in the biological treatment tank; and core process parameters, including MLSS concentration, sludge settling ratio (SVI), and sludge age. The monitoring module includes a monitoring component and a stratified preprocessing unit, and acquires monitoring data through the monitoring component. The monitoring components include an ammonium molybdate spectrophotometer for total phosphorus measurement (range 0-5 mg / L, accuracy ±0.01 mg / L), an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer for measurement (range 0-15000 mg / L), an online COD / BOD sensor, a dedicated MLSS sensor, an online SVI monitor (range 0-300), a DO sensor, a pH sensor, an electromagnetic flowmeter, and a temperature sensor. Distributed sensors are deployed in each zone of the biological treatment tank (aerobic zone, anoxic zone, and anaerobic zone), and each of these distributed sensors is connected to the control module via an industrial Ethernet network.

[0028] The layered preprocessing unit communicates with the monitoring components. The layered preprocessing unit obtains layered preprocessed data after performing layered cleaning and process anomaly data identification on the monitoring data. Furthermore, the layered preprocessing unit communicates with the control module to transmit the layered preprocessed data to the control module. Specifically: To address the dynamic characteristics of activated sludge process data, a stratified cleaning and process anomaly data identification mechanism is adopted. First, the collected data undergoes routine cleaning, outlier removal is performed using the 3σ criterion combined with process thresholds, and missing values ​​are imputed using linear interpolation and K-nearest neighbor process data completion techniques. Then, process anomaly data is identified and marked separately, such as sudden increases / decreases in MLSS and exceeding of SVI standards, to ensure data accuracy and process relevance.

[0029] ② Control Module The control module is the core of this dosing system. It includes a data processing unit, a prediction unit, a dosing decision unit, a process adaptive parameter update unit, and a human-machine interaction unit. It also has a built-in activated sludge process parameter database, which records basic data such as the water plant's 5000 m³ / d treatment capacity, the area of ​​the biological treatment tank zones, and the sludge age. The control module primarily dynamically calculates the corresponding phosphorus load prediction value based on different activated sludge processes, customizing the system for each process. Details are as follows: The data processing unit is used to receive the layered preprocessed data transmitted by the monitoring module, normalize it with parameters of different sludge ages and MLSS ranges, and then send it to the prediction unit. The prediction unit receives stratified pretreatment data and constructs a multivariate coupling relationship model between phosphorus removal rate, water quality parameters, and activated sludge process parameters based on historical operating data, stratified pretreatment data, and activated sludge process parameter database. This multivariate coupling relationship model integrates a patrol neural network (RNN) and a nonlinear regression model. Based on a dynamic weight adjustment mechanism for process parameters, it can dynamically calculate the predicted phosphorus load value for the next 2-6 hours. At the same time, it outputs the threshold for the tolerance of the activated sludge system to the dosage of chemicals to avoid excessive chemical damage to the sludge. The dosing decision unit calculates the optimal phosphorus removal agent dosage based on the predicted phosphorus load, current total phosphorus concentration, preset effluent phosphorus concentration standard, and tolerance agent dosage threshold using a particle swarm optimization algorithm with process constraints. It then generates precise dosing instructions for each zone based on the characteristics of the biological treatment tank zones, setting the dosage for each zone. The biological treatment tank zones are characterized by the highest phosphorus removal efficiency in the aerobic zone. The process constraints include: maximum agent dosing rate, effluent phosphorus concentration limit, equipment operating safety parameters, and the upper limit of agent dosage corresponding to MLSS. In practical applications, when calculating the optimal phosphorus removal agent dosage, a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm can be used to optimize four objectives: agent cost, sludge production, carbon emissions, and activated sludge system stability. The objective functions include minimizing operating costs, maximizing environmental benefits, and optimizing process stability. This supports manual rule intervention to further reduce overall operating costs.

[0030] The process adaptive parameter update unit is used to dynamically update the parameters of the multivariate coupling relationship model. Specifically, it adopts the recursive least squares method, sliding time window, and process parameter trigger update mechanism to update the multivariate coupling model parameters online based on the latest operating data. The normal update cycle is 5-30 minutes, which can be selected according to the actual situation. When the activated sludge process parameters undergo a sudden change (such as MLSS change rate > 10%, SVI > 150), an immediate update is triggered to ensure the model's dual adaptability to water quality and process fluctuations.

[0031] The human-machine interface (HMI) unit uses a web interface to display real-time monitoring data, process parameter data, zoned dosing amounts, multivariate coupling model parameters, and the operating status of the activated sludge system. This HMI unit supports manual input of process parameters, modification of dosing strategies, and manual control of the dosing module. Administrators can view historical data and adjust process parameters / dosing strategies via a touchscreen. It has a function to remember the association between process parameters and dosing strategies, storing historical operating data and dosing plans under different process conditions for easy subsequent retrieval and process optimization.

[0032] ③ Dosing Module The dosing module communicates with the control module. Based on the activated sludge process, the dosing module performs zoned dosing in the biological treatment tank and implements closed-loop control of the dosing amount for each zone. Designed according to the zoned characteristics of the activated sludge process biological treatment tank, it achieves precise zoned dosing and mixing of reagents. The dosing module includes: Based on the characteristics of the biological treatment tank zones, separate dosing pipelines are arranged for each zone. Specifically, the dosing points are selected at the mixed liquor return points of each zone. The dosing pipelines are made of corrosion-resistant UPVC with a diameter of 50mm. A slow-release device is added to the dosing pipelines in the aerobic zone to prevent excessively high local concentrations of chemicals from damaging the activated sludge. Corresponding zone metering pump groups are installed on each of the dosing pipelines, and these pump groups are connected to the chemical storage module. Each zone metering pump group is equipped with a metering pump, which is connected to the control module and its operation is controlled by the zone dosing command. Specifically, the metering pump speed is adjusted by the zone dosing command from the control module to achieve precise quantitative dosing in each zone. In this embodiment, two sets of metering pumps are configured for the aerobic / anoxic zones of the biological treatment tank. The metering pumps are model GM-10, with a flow range of 0-50L / h and an accuracy of ±1%. The flow rate of the metering pumps in the aerobic zone accounts for 90%, and in the anoxic zone, it accounts for 10%. A mixer is also installed in the biological treatment tank. The mixer is designed according to the flow rate of the mixed liquid in the biological treatment tank. It adopts a low-speed stirring mixer with a speed of 50 r / min to ensure that the phosphorus removal agent and the mixed liquid are quickly and evenly mixed without disturbing the activated sludge floc structure.

[0033] Each zone dosing pipeline is independently equipped with a flow regulating valve and a dosing amount feedback sensor, which are respectively connected to the control module. This allows for real-time monitoring of the actual dosing amount in each zone and feedback of the data to the control module, thus achieving closed-loop control of the dosing amount in each zone.

[0034] In practical applications, this dosing module can automatically adjust the zonal dosing ratio, metering pump speed, and mixer stirring rate according to the type of phosphorus removal agent, adapting to the dosing requirements of different types of phosphorus removal agents in the activated sludge process.

[0035] ④ Drug storage module The reagent storage module is communicatively connected to the control module. The reagent storage module is used for reagent storage and online monitoring of reagent concentration. Specifically, the reagent storage module includes a reagent storage tank and a stirring device installed inside the tank. The reagent storage tank is equipped with a liquid level sensor and an online reagent concentration monitor, which are communicatively connected to the control module. This allows for real-time monitoring of the reagent level and concentration in the tank. When the liquid level is lower than a preset threshold or the concentration deviation is greater than 5%, an alarm signal is sent to the control module to remind management personnel to replenish / adjust the reagent in a timely manner. If not handled promptly, the system automatically reduces the dosage to the baseline level to maintain the phosphorus removal effect while ensuring the stability of the activated sludge system.

[0036] In practical applications, an anti-corrosion layer is installed on the inner wall of the reagent storage tank. Dedicated storage tanks are configured for different types of phosphorus removal agents, such as polyaluminum chloride, ferrous sulfate, and polyferric sulfate, supporting the individual or mixed addition of multiple agents. The aforementioned stirring device employs a low-speed, uniform stirring mode to prevent phosphorus removal agent precipitation and stratification, ensuring uniform agent concentration. Simultaneously, the stirring speed can be adjusted according to different agent types to avoid agent clumping leading to dosage deviations; for example, the stirring speed for ferrous sulfate is higher than that for polyaluminum chloride. In this embodiment, a 20m³ PE material reagent storage tank is configured, equipped with an immersion-type liquid level sensor with a measurement range of 0-6m and an online reagent concentration monitor (accuracy ±1%). The stirring device uses a low-speed, uniform stirring speed of 30 r / min, stirring three times a day for 30 minutes each time, to prevent polyaluminum chloride precipitation.

[0037] ⑥ Feedback Adjustment Module A feedback adjustment module, communicatively connected to the control module, is used to monitor water quality parameters and activated sludge process parameters in real time and perform dual deviation adjustment. This enables dual closed-loop adjustment of water quality parameters and activated sludge process parameters, and is used to monitor the reaction status of each zone of the biological treatment tank, the effluent water quality parameters, and the core parameters of the activated sludge process in real time. A dual deviation calculation mechanism is constructed, specifically as follows: First level of deviation: To meet the high precision requirements of the activated sludge process, the deviation threshold between the total phosphorus concentration in the effluent and the preset standard is ±0.05 mg / L; The second level of deviation: the deviation threshold between the activated sludge process parameters and the process standard parameters, such as: the process deviation threshold is MLSS deviation ±10% or SVI>150. When any deviation exceeds the threshold, the deviation signal is fed back to the control module, which dynamically adjusts the dosage according to the type of deviation. If it is only a water quality deviation, the dosage of the zone is directly adjusted; if it is a process parameter deviation, the dosage of the reagent is first adjusted to within the tolerance dosage threshold, and then fine-tuned in conjunction with the water quality deviation. At the same time, a process anomaly warning is output to achieve dual protection of phosphorus removal effect and activated sludge system stability. Meanwhile, the feedback adjustment module records the changes in water quality parameters and activated sludge process parameters after each addition, and generates a data report every hour, providing two-dimensional data support for the adaptive optimization of the process in the multivariate coupling relationship model.

[0038] ⑦ Safety Protection Module The safety protection module communicates with the control module. This module provides tiered early warnings for abnormal operation of the activated sludge system and activates emergency plans. It breaks through the traditional approach of focusing solely on equipment safety, constructing a triple safety protection system encompassing equipment failure protection, activated sludge process anomaly protection, and water quality mutation protection. Specifically: Based on the aforementioned dosing system, in actual operation, this system supports a cloud-edge collaborative architecture for activated sludge processes. Operational data is uploaded to the cloud via a data transmission module, facilitating remote monitoring by management personnel and sharing of process parameters across multiple plants. Specifically, the edge device enables real-time control of a single plant, while the cloud enables sharing of process parameters across multiple plants, unified model optimization, and coordinated adjustment of dosing strategies. The response time is ≤3 minutes, making it suitable for activated sludge wastewater treatment plants of different sizes and with varying sludge ages / MLSS ranges, exhibiting extremely high scalability.

[0039] The dosing system also includes a sludge reduction and collaborative control function. When calculating the optimal dosing amount, the dosing decision unit can combine sludge production data and optimize the dosing amount and sludge settling performance in a coordinated manner to reduce sludge production by 5%-10% while ensuring phosphorus removal effect. Example

[0040] Based on the intelligent phosphorus removal agent dosing system based on the activated sludge wastewater treatment process provided in Example 1, this example provides a corresponding dosing method, specifically, the method includes: S1: Start the system and initialize the process. Use polyaluminum chloride as the phosphorus removal agent. Preset the standard for total phosphorus concentration in effluent, phosphorus removal agent type / ratio, normal thresholds for core parameters of activated sludge process (such as MLSS, SVI, DO, sludge age), initial parameters of the multivariate coupling relationship model, graded alarm thresholds, and operating parameters of each module. Enter the basic data of activated sludge process, such as design capacity, biological tank zoning area, and sludge age design value, into the activated sludge process parameter database.

[0041] S2: Real-time acquisition of process parameter data for the activated sludge process. Distributed sensors collect data every 30 minutes, and the process parameter data undergoes stratified preprocessing. The process parameter data includes real-time acquisition of water quality parameters, water quantity parameters, environmental parameters, and core process parameters at the inlet, each zone of the biological treatment tank, and the effluent. The stratified preprocessing employs a stratified cleaning combined with a process anomaly data identification mechanism to preprocess the collected data. Specifically: routine data is cleaned according to the 3σ criterion; process parameters are checked against process thresholds to remove MLSS outliers; missing SVI data is imputed using a "linear interpolation combined with K-nearest neighbor process data completion" method; and process anomaly data is separately marked before generating stratified preprocessed data.

[0042] S3: Based on historical operating data, stratified pretreatment data, and an activated sludge process parameter database, a multivariate coupling model is constructed based on phosphorus removal rate, water quality parameters, and activated sludge process parameters. This model dynamically calculates the predicted phosphorus load for the next 5-30 minutes. Through a dynamic weight adjustment mechanism for process parameters, the weights of each parameter in the multivariate coupling model are dynamically adjusted based on their historical correlation with phosphorus removal rate (e.g., MLSS correlation coefficient ≥ 0.8, flow rate correlation coefficient ≥ 0.75), strengthening the influence of highly correlated process / water quality variables on the dosing strategy. Simultaneously, the threshold for the activated sludge system's tolerance to reagent dosage is output, providing process constraints for dosage calculation. S4: Calculate the optimal phosphorus removal agent dosage based on the predicted phosphorus load and generate zonal dosing instructions according to the zonal characteristics of the biological treatment tank; in S4, the method for generating the zonal dosing instructions is as follows: S401: Collect predicted phosphorus load, current total phosphorus concentration, preset effluent phosphorus concentration standard, and tolerance threshold for reagent dosage; S402: Calculate the optimal dosage of dephosphorizing agent using a particle swarm optimization algorithm with process constraints; S403: Generate zoned dosing instructions based on the phosphorus removal efficiency of the biological treatment tank, with the aerobic zone accounting for 70%-80% and the anoxic zone accounting for 20%-30%.

[0043] S5: Execute the zone dosing command to deliver the phosphorus removal agent to the corresponding dosing points in each zone of the biological treatment tank and provide real-time feedback on the dosing amount for each zone. Specifically, when executing the zone dosing command, the metering pumps of each zone of the dosing module adjust their speed according to the zone dosing command, deliver the phosphorus removal agent to the corresponding dosing point through the zone dosing pipeline, start the mixer to stir at low speed to achieve uniform mixing of the agent and the mixed liquid without disturbing the sludge, the flow regulating valve assists in regulating the dosing flow rate of each zone, and the dosing amount feedback sensor provides real-time feedback of the actual dosing amount of each zone to the control module to achieve closed-loop control of the zone dosing amount.

[0044] S6: Real-time monitoring of the total phosphorus concentration and activated sludge process parameters at the effluent outlet of each zone of the biological treatment tank; construction of a dual-deviation calculation mechanism to generate dual-deviation data; and dynamic adjustment of the dosage for each zone based on the dual-deviation data; in S6, the method for dynamically adjusting the dosage for each zone based on the dual-deviation data is as follows: If the total phosphorus concentration in the effluent deviates from the preset standard by ≤ ±0.05 mg / L, and the activated sludge process parameters are all within the normal threshold, then the current dosage for each zone should be maintained. If the total phosphorus concentration in the effluent deviates from the preset standard by more than ±0.05 mg / L, and the activated sludge process parameters are all within the normal threshold, the dosage of each zone will be dynamically adjusted. If the deviation value of the activated sludge process parameters exceeds the threshold, the dosage of phosphorus removal agent will be adjusted to within the tolerance dosage threshold first, and then the dosage of each zone will be dynamically adjusted and a process abnormality warning will be output.

[0045] S7: The multivariate coupling model is dynamically updated based on stratified preprocessed data, double-bias data, and historical operating data. Specifically, recursive least squares, sliding time windows, and process parameter-triggered update mechanisms are used. Based on real-time stratified preprocessed data, double-bias data, and historical operating data, the parameters of the multivariate coupling model are updated online every 5 minutes. When a sudden change in activated sludge process parameters is detected (such as MLSS change rate > 10%, SVI > 150, sludge age adjustment), the model is immediately updated to adjust the weights of each process / water quality variable, ensuring the model's dual adaptability to water quality and process fluctuations, and improving prediction accuracy and dosage accuracy.

[0046] S8: Implement graded early warning and activate emergency plans by real-time monitoring of abnormal changes in system equipment status, water quality parameters, and activated sludge process parameters. Specifically, S8 includes: If equipment failure occurs, a level one alarm will be activated and the equipment will be automatically calibrated to maintain the current zone dosage and prevent pollution spread and damage to the activated sludge system. This could be due to sensor failure, metering pump failure, or other similar issues. At the same time, alarm information will be sent to the management personnel terminal. If abnormal activated sludge process parameters and / or effluent total phosphorus concentration occur, a level 2 alarm will be activated and an emergency dosing plan will be executed, for example, in cases of abnormal reagent level / concentration or abnormal effluent phosphorus concentration; at the same time, alarm information will be sent to the management personnel terminal. If a serious abnormality occurs, such as a sudden change in MLSS, SVI, or influent load, a level 3 alarm will be activated and the system will automatically switch to manual control mode, lock the upper limit of activated sludge tolerance agent dosage, activate the emergency dosing plan, and send alarm information to the management personnel terminal.

[0047] In practical applications, an example of an emergency dosing scheme is as follows: ① If the total phosphorus in the influent rises sharply, increase the dosage in the aerobic zone within the tolerance threshold of the activated sludge process. ②If MLSS drops sharply, immediately reduce the dosage of the reagent and switch to process protection mode; ③ If a sudden change in the influent water quality is detected (such as a sudden increase in total phosphorus concentration >50%), a water quality shock signal is immediately sent to the control module. The control module quickly adjusts the model parameters, increases the weight of flow rate and total phosphorus concentration, and increases the dosage in the aerobic zone in advance within the tolerance threshold of activated sludge to prevent shocks and avoid effluent exceeding standards. ④ If the activated sludge system shows a sludge bulking trend (SVI>150 and continues to rise), the sludge protection dosing mode will be automatically activated to reduce the phosphorus removal agent dosage to 70%-80% of the normal level. At the same time, the dosing point will be adjusted to the end of the aerobic zone to reduce the disturbance of the agent to the activated sludge. After the SVI returns to normal, the dosage will be gradually restored to the optimal level. ⑤ If a 3% deviation in reagent concentration is detected, the metering pump speed will be automatically calibrated to maintain the current dosage, and the management personnel will be reminded to adjust the reagent concentration.

[0048] The aforementioned severe exceedance anomaly refers to: process parameter data changes exceeding 50%, automatically switching to manual control mode and locking the upper limit of the tolerant reagent dosage for the activated sludge process.

[0049] S8: Repeat S1-S7 to achieve continuous, intelligent, and precise dosing of phosphorus removal agent in the activated sludge process. At the same time, the operating data is regularly uploaded to the cloud for data sharing and real-time data display. Managers can view historical data through a touch screen. The system uploads operating data to the cloud every day to achieve sharing of process parameters and unified optimization of models across multiple plants. In addition, combined with sludge production data, the system continuously optimizes the synergistic relationship between agent dosage and sludge settling performance to achieve the dual goals of phosphorus removal and sludge reduction.

[0050] It should be noted that any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise described herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including in substantially the same manner or in the reverse order of the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of this application pertain.

[0051] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0053] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0054] The storage media mentioned above can be read-only memory, disk, or optical disk, etc.

[0055] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A smart phosphorus removal agent dosing system based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process, characterized in that, The dosing system includes: The monitoring module is used to collect process parameter data of the activated sludge process in real time and perform stratified preprocessing on the process parameter data. A control module that is communicatively connected to the monitoring module, the control module dynamically calculates the corresponding phosphorus load prediction value based on different activated sludge processes; A dosing module that is communicatively connected to the control module, wherein the dosing module performs zoned dosing in the biological treatment tank according to the activated sludge process and performs closed-loop control of the dosing amount in each zone; A drug storage module that is communicatively connected to the control module, the drug storage module being used for drug storage and online monitoring of drug concentration; A feedback adjustment module that is communicatively connected to the control module is used to monitor water quality parameters and activated sludge process parameters in real time and perform dual deviation adjustment. A safety protection module that communicates with the control module is used for graded early warning of abnormal operation of the activated sludge system and activation of emergency plans.

2. The intelligent phosphorus removal agent dosing system based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring module includes: Monitoring components are used to acquire monitoring data; A hierarchical preprocessing unit is communicatively connected to the monitoring component. The hierarchical preprocessing unit obtains hierarchical preprocessed data after performing hierarchical cleaning and process abnormal data identification on the monitoring data. The hierarchical preprocessing unit is communicatively connected to the control module.

3. The intelligent phosphorus removal agent dosing system based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module includes: The data processing unit is used to receive hierarchical preprocessed data transmitted by the monitoring module; The prediction unit receives hierarchical preprocessed data, constructs a multivariate coupling relationship model to dynamically calculate the predicted phosphorus load value and outputs the tolerance agent dosage threshold. The dosing decision unit generates zonal dosing instructions based on the predicted phosphorus load and the tolerance agent dosing threshold, and sets the zonal dosing amount for each zonal area by the zonal dosing instructions; A process adaptive parameter update unit, which is used to dynamically update the parameters of a multivariable coupling relationship model; The human-machine interaction unit is used to display real-time monitoring data, process parameter data, zoned dosage, multivariate coupling relationship model parameters, and activated sludge system operating status.

4. The intelligent phosphorus removal agent dosing system based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dosing module includes: Several zone dosing pipelines are arranged according to the zone characteristics of the biochemical pool; A zone metering pump group is installed on the zone dosing pipeline. The zone metering pump group is connected to the reagent storage module and is equipped with a metering pump. The metering pump is connected to the control module and its operation is controlled by the zone dosing command. A mixer located within the biochemical tank; A flow regulating valve and a dosage feedback sensor are installed on the zoned dosing pipeline, and the flow regulating valve and the dosage feedback sensor are respectively communicatively connected to the control module.

5. The intelligent phosphorus removal agent dosing system based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drug storage module includes: A pharmaceutical storage tank, wherein the pharmaceutical storage tank is equipped with a liquid level sensor and an online pharmaceutical concentration monitor, and the liquid level sensor and the online pharmaceutical concentration monitor are respectively communicatively connected to the control module; It also includes: a stirring device installed inside the pharmaceutical storage tank.

6. A method for intelligent dosing of phosphorus removal agent based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process, characterized in that, The method includes: S1: Real-time acquisition of process parameter data of activated sludge process flow and stratified preprocessing of process parameter data; S2: Based on historical operating data, stratified pretreatment data and activated sludge process parameter database, construct a multivariate coupling relationship model, dynamically calculate the predicted phosphorus load value and output the threshold of the activated sludge system's tolerance to reagent dosage. S3: Calculate the optimal phosphorus removal agent dosage based on the phosphorus load forecast and generate zonal dosing instructions according to the zonal characteristics of the biological treatment tank; S4: Execute the zone dosing command to deliver the phosphorus removal agent to the corresponding dosing point in each zone of the biological treatment tank and provide real-time feedback on the dosing amount in each zone; S5: Real-time monitoring of total phosphorus concentration and activated sludge process parameters at the effluent outlet of each zone of the biological treatment tank; construction of a dual-deviation computer mechanism to generate dual-deviation data; and dynamic correction of the dosage in each zone based on the dual-deviation data. S6: Dynamically update the multivariate coupling relationship model based on hierarchical preprocessed data, double-biased data, and historical operational data; S7: Implement graded early warnings and activate emergency plans by monitoring abnormal changes in system equipment status, water quality parameters, and activated sludge process parameters in real time.

7. The intelligent dosing method for phosphorus removal agent based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the method for generating the partition application instruction is as follows: S401: Collect predicted phosphorus load, current total phosphorus concentration, preset effluent phosphorus concentration standard, and tolerance threshold for reagent dosage; S402: Calculate the optimal dosage of dephosphorizing agent using a particle swarm optimization algorithm with process constraints; S403: Generate zoned dosing instructions based on the phosphorus removal efficiency of the biological treatment tank zones.

8. The intelligent dosing method for phosphorus removal agent based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S5, the method for dynamically correcting the dosage of each zone based on the dual deviation data is as follows: If the total phosphorus concentration in the effluent deviates from the preset standard by ≤ ±0.05 mg / L, and the activated sludge process parameters are all within the normal threshold, then the current dosage for each zone should be maintained. If the total phosphorus concentration in the effluent deviates from the preset standard by more than ±0.05 mg / L, and the activated sludge process parameters are all within the normal threshold, the dosage of each zone will be dynamically adjusted. If the deviation value of the activated sludge process parameters exceeds the threshold, the dosage of phosphorus removal agent will be adjusted to within the tolerance dosage threshold first, and then the dosage of each zone will be dynamically adjusted and a process abnormality warning will be output.

9. The intelligent dosing method for phosphorus removal agent based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S7, the tiered activation early warning and emergency response plan includes: If a device malfunction occurs, a Level 1 alarm will be activated and the device will be automatically calibrated to maintain the current dosage for the zone. If abnormal activated sludge process parameters and / or effluent total phosphorus concentration occur, a level two alarm will be activated and an emergency dosing plan will be implemented. If a serious abnormality occurs, a level three alarm will be activated and the system will automatically switch to manual control mode.

10. The intelligent dosing method for phosphorus removal agent based on activated sludge wastewater treatment process according to claim 6, characterized in that, The addition method also includes: cyclically executing S1-S7 and periodically uploading the running data to the cloud for data sharing.

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