Saline-alkali modifier for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land

Abstract

The invention discloses a saline-alkali modifier for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali soil, and belongs to the agricultural field related to saline-alkali soil improvement and grain crop planting. The saline-alkali improver is composed of a main agent, an auxiliary agent and an auxiliary agent and is obtained by activating low-calorific-value coal raw powder rich in humic acid and then fermenting the activated low-calorific-value coal raw powder, straw and livestock and poultry manure according to a specific proportion under the action of a microbial agent, the auxiliary agent is phosphate and minerals thereof, and the auxiliary agent is silicate and minerals thereof. The saline-alkali modifier disclosed by the invention can effectively reduce the content of saline-alkali ions in coastal saline-alkali soil, reduce the risk that rice is poisoned by saline-alkali, improve the granular structure of the soil, enhance the fertility of the soil, enhance the lodging resistance and white panicle resistance of the rice and realize the high yield of the rice in saline-alkali soil. The main raw materials of the saline-alkali modifier are the low-rank coal rich in humic acid and agricultural wastes such as the straw and the livestock and poultry manure, the saline-alkali modifier has the advantages of low cost, simple composition, simple preparation process, safety, environmental protection and the like, secondary pollution to soil is avoided, and the reutilization of solid waste resources is realized. The compound fertilizer has multiple effects of solidifying salt and alkali, improving fertility, transforming agricultural wastes and promoting high yield, and has remarkable popularization and application values and relatively great economic and environment-friendly benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of saline-alkali soil improvement technology, specifically to a saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land. Background Technology

[0002] Soil salinization poses a serious threat to agricultural production and the ecological environment. Excessive salt content leads to the dispersion of soil colloids, structural damage, and the occurrence of compaction or swelling, reducing porosity and permeability, thereby hindering water infiltration and root growth. Under saline-alkali stress, crops struggle to absorb water and nutrients, resulting in reduced yields or even complete crop failure. It is estimated that salinization causes approximately 3 hectares of arable land to lose productivity globally every minute.

[0003] my country has a total saline-alkali land area of ​​36 million hectares, accounting for 6.62% of its land area, mainly distributed in the northwest inland, the Songnen Plain in the northeast, coastal areas, and the Yellow River-Huai River-Hai River basin. Besides agricultural losses, salinization also leads to desertification, reduced biodiversity, and ecological degradation. For example, excessive sodium (Na+) can damage soil aggregates, causing soil erosion and dust pollution, while saline-alkali waterlogging can damage infrastructure. Therefore, the management and utilization of saline-alkali land is not only an agricultural issue, but also a significant ecological and economic one.

[0004] Current mainstream soil improvement methods include physical improvement, chemical improvement, biological improvement, and integration of these three methods. Commonly used physical improvement measures mainly include land leveling, micro-area soil improvement and loosening, underground drainage of salt, crop rotation, and surface mulching. For example, CN202411360508.2 proposes burying wheat straw, biochar, or peat interlayer materials in the soil to prevent salts leached into deep soil and groundwater from evaporating and accumulating on the surface, creating a "high-water, high-oxygen, low-salt" soil environment for plant growth; CN202411523611.4 describes laying perforated underground pipes at a certain depth in saline-alkali land, allowing saline water to enter through the perforations and then be transported to a collection well for discharge. Physical methods typically involve large-scale engineering projects, high initial investment, and high maintenance costs. Chemical modification mainly utilizes chemical modifiers such as phosphogypsum, desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, zeolite, polyacrylamide, ferrous sulfate, and industrial and agricultural waste.

[0005] For example, CN202411704361.4 uses a combination of more than ten hydrogel compounds such as desulfurized gypsum, aluminum sulfate, and ammonium sulfate with organic bacterial agents;

[0006] CN202011223985.61 uses silica slag, polyacrylamide, earthworm castings, etc., to reduce soil bulk density and soil fractal dimension, increase field water holding capacity, and reduce the pH value of alkaline soil.

[0007] However, these soil conditioners are used in large quantities and have complex compositions, which can easily cause secondary pollution or secondary compaction of the soil. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a high-efficiency, environmentally friendly, and long-lasting soil conditioner for saline-alkali soils. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects and provide a high-efficiency, environmentally friendly saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land that has a good effect on improving saline-alkali soil.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land, characterized in that it is prepared by the following steps:

[0010] (1) Mix raw coal powder with humic acid content of 40-70% with 10%-20% liquid oxidant at a solid-liquid ratio of 1-2:10, stir evenly to form a semi-solid state, seal and activate at 10-30℃ for 12-16 hours, dry and pulverize to obtain activated coal powder.

[0011] (2) Corn stalks, rice stalks, wheat stalks or sorghum stalks with impurities of less than 20% are crushed by crushing equipment so that the length of the stalks is less than 1 cm. The stalks, livestock and poultry manure and activated coal are mixed evenly. The mass ratio of the three materials, activated coal, stalks and livestock and poultry manure, is 1-5:20-30:60-90 to obtain the mixed fermentation precursor.

[0012] (3) Add microbial agent with an effective viable count of 200-500 million / g to the mixed fermentation precursor, the amount added is 0.01-0.05% of the mixed fermentation precursor, and add water to make the mixed fermentation precursor contain 50-60% water, to obtain fermented material;

[0013] (4) Pile the fermented material into a trapezoidal or conical shape, cover it with a layer of moisture-retaining, heat-insulating and breathable material, turn the pile over once every 2-3 days, control the temperature at 50-60℃, and after fermentation for 10-20 days, flatten the pile, let it air dry naturally, and then crush it to obtain the main agent of salt-alkali improver.

[0014] (5) Mix the main agent, auxiliary agent and adjuvant of the saline-alkali improver evenly according to the mass ratio of 80-90:5-10:5-10 to obtain the saline-alkali improver for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0015] Preferably, the raw coal is weathered coal or lignite, wherein the humic acid content is 30%-70%.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid oxidant is sulfuric acid or hydrogen peroxide, with a concentration of 10%-20%.

[0017] Preferably, the solid-liquid ratio of the raw coal to the liquid oxidant is 1-2:10, and the activation conditions are a sealed environment isolated from air and activation at 10-30℃ for 12-16 hours.

[0018] Preferably, the straw is one of the straws of rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, etc.

[0019] Preferably, the microorganisms include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and yeast, with an effective viable count of 200-500 million / g, and the amount added is 0.01-0.05%.

[0020] Preferably, the livestock and poultry manure is one of cow manure, sheep manure, or earthworm castings.

[0021] Preferably, the mass ratio of the three materials—active coal, straw, and livestock manure—in the fermentation precursor is 1-5:20-30:60-90.

[0022] Preferably, the mass ratio of the main agent, excipient, and auxiliary agent is 80-90:5-10:5-10.

[0023] Preferably, the excipient is one of superphosphate, phosphogypsum, and triple superphosphate, and the auxiliary agent is one of calcium silicate, zeolite, and attapulgite.

[0024] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0025] Lignite and weathered coal are low-calorific-value coals with a low degree of coalification and are rich in humic acid. Humic acid has a complex structure, consisting of a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aliphatic hydrocarbons linked by covalent bonds, including benzene rings and naphthalene rings. It is rich in active functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, and methoxy groups, which can improve cation exchange capacity, regulate soil pH, increase soil organic carbon content, and promote nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium cycling and nutrient availability. In particular, the carboxyl, hydroxyl, and phenolic hydroxyl groups can release H₂O. + Neutralize CO3 in the soil 2- HCO3 - Alkaline ions, whose negatively charged colloids can adsorb Na+. + Cl - The isocyanate ions can be promoted to migrate through leaching, which has a good effect on improving saline-alkali soil.

[0026] This invention involves the controlled activation of low-calorific-value coal containing humic acid to leverage the unique chemical activity and environmental functions of humic acid. The humic acid is then mixed with straw and livestock manure for fermentation, along with nutritional supplements and auxiliaries, to produce an amendment suitable for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0027] This soil conditioner can significantly reduce salinity, improve the soil ecological environment, enhance soil fertility, and promote the growth and development of rice.

[0028] By utilizing widely available and inexpensive raw materials such as low-calorific-value coal, straw, and agricultural waste like livestock and poultry manure, this saline-alkali soil conditioner not only improves saline-alkali land but also achieves resource utilization of solid waste without causing secondary pollution or soil compaction. This not only benefits soil and crop health but also possesses high environmental, ecological, and economic value, providing a novel design approach for the remediation and treatment of saline-alkali soils, with broad market prospects and significant ecological benefits. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail.

[0030] This invention includes:

[0031] (1) Mix low-calorific-value raw coal powder with humic acid content of 40-70% with 10%-20% liquid oxidant at a solid-liquid ratio of (1-2):10. After stirring evenly, a semi-solid state is formed. Then, it is sealed and activated at 10-30℃ for 12-16 hours. After drying, it is pulverized to obtain activated coal powder.

[0032] (2) Crush straw with impurities of less than 20% so that the length of the straw is less than 1 cm, and then mix it evenly with livestock and poultry manure and activated coal powder. The mass ratio of activated coal powder, straw and livestock and poultry manure is (1-5):(20-30):(65-75) to obtain the fermentation precursor.

[0033] (3) Add microbial inoculants with an effective viable count of 200-500 million / g to the fermentation precursor. The amount added is 0.01-0.05% of the fermentation precursor, and water is added to make the fermentation precursor contain 50-60% water. Pile the material into a trapezoidal or conical shape, cover it with a moisture-retaining, heat-insulating and breathable material, turn the pile over every 2-3 days, control the temperature at 50-60℃, and after fermentation for 10-20 days, flatten the pile, let it air dry naturally, and then crush it to obtain the main agent of the saline-alkali soil amendment for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0034] (5) Mix the main agent, auxiliary agent and adjuvant of the saline-alkali soil conditioner evenly according to the mass ratio of (80-90): (5-10): (5-10) to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land. Example 1

[0035] (1) Mix lignite powder with 40% humic acid content with 20% sulfuric acid at a mass ratio of 1:10. After stirring evenly, a semi-solid state is formed. The mixture is then sealed and activated at 20 °C for 16 hours. After natural drying, it is pulverized to obtain activated coal powder.

[0036] (2) The corn stalks with 20% impurities were crushed by crushing equipment so that the length of the stalks was less than 1 mm. The stalks were then mixed evenly with sheep manure and activated coal powder. The mass ratio of the three materials, activated coal powder, stalks and sheep manure, was 5:20:75 to obtain the fermentation precursor.

[0037] (3) Add microbial agent with an effective viable count of 200 million / g to the fermentation precursor. The amount added is 0.05% of the mixed fermentation precursor, and water is added to make the mixed fermentation precursor contain 50% water. Pile the material into a cone shape, cover it with a cotton quilt to keep it moist and warm, turn the pile over once every 2 days, and keep the temperature not higher than 60℃. After fermentation for 10 days, flatten the pile, let it dry naturally, and then crush it to obtain the main agent of saline-alkali soil improver for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0038] (4) Mix the main agent of the salt-alkali improver, the auxiliary agent superphosphate and the adjuvant calcium silicate evenly according to the mass ratio of 90:5:5 to prepare the salt-alkali improver for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land. Example 2

[0039] (1) Weathered coal powder with 70% humic acid content is mixed with 20% hydrogen peroxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10. After stirring evenly, it forms a semi-solid state. It is then sealed and activated at 30 °C for 12 hours, and after natural drying, it is pulverized to obtain activated humic acid.

[0040] (2) Crush rice straw with 20% impurities using a crushing device so that the length of the straw is less than 1 cm. Mix it evenly with cow dung and activated coal powder. The mass ratio of activated coal powder, straw and cow dung is 5:30:65 to obtain the fermentation precursor.

[0041] (3) Add microbial agent with an effective viable count of 200 million / g to the fermentation precursor. The amount added is 0.03% of the mixed fermentation precursor, and water is added to make the mixed fermentation precursor contain 50% water. Pile the fermentation material into a cone shape, cover it with a cotton quilt to keep it moist and warm, turn the pile over once every 2 days, and keep the temperature not higher than 60℃. After fermentation for 10 days, flatten the pile, let it dry naturally, and then crush it to obtain the main agent of saline-alkali soil amendment for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0042] (4) Mix the main component of the saline-alkali improver, phosphogypsum and attapulgite evenly in a mass ratio of 85:10:5 to prepare the saline-alkali improver for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land. Example 3

[0043] (1) Mix lignite powder with 55% humic acid content with 10% sulfuric acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1.5:10. After stirring evenly, a semi-solid state is formed. The mixture is then sealed and activated at 23 °C for 14 hours. After natural drying, it is pulverized to obtain activated coal powder.

[0044] (2) Crush sorghum straw with 20% impurities using a crushing device so that the length of the straw is less than 1 cm. Mix it evenly with earthworm castings and activated coal powder. The mass ratio of activated coal powder, straw and earthworm castings is 5:20:75 to obtain the fermentation precursor.

[0045] (3) Add a microbial agent with an effective viable count of 500 million / g to the fermentation precursor. The amount added is 0.04% of the mixed fermentation precursor, and water is added to make the mixed fermentation precursor contain 60% water. Pile the fermentation material into a cone shape, cover it with a cotton quilt to keep it moist and warm, turn the pile once every 3 days, and keep the temperature not higher than 60℃. After fermentation for 20 days, flatten the pile, let it dry naturally, and then crush it to obtain the main agent of the saline-alkali soil amendment for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0046] (4) Mix the main agent of the salt-alkali improver, superphosphate and zeolite evenly in a mass ratio of 80:10:10 to prepare the salt-alkali improver for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land. Example 4

[0047] (1) Weathered coal powder with 65% humic acid content is mixed with 15% hydrogen peroxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 2:10. After stirring evenly, it forms a semi-solid state. It is then sealed and activated at 20 °C for 12 hours, and after natural drying, it is pulverized to obtain activated coal powder.

[0048] (2) Wheat straw with 20% impurities is crushed using a crushing device so that the length of the straw is less than 1 cm. It is then mixed evenly with sheep manure and activated coal powder. The mass ratio of activated coal powder, straw and sheep manure is 1:25:74 to obtain the fermentation precursor.

[0049] (3) Add a microbial agent with an effective viable count of 500 million / g to the fermentation precursor. The amount added is 0.05% of the mixed fermentation precursor, and water is added to make the mixed fermentation precursor contain 60% water. Pile the fermentation material into a cone shape, cover it with a cotton quilt to keep it moist and warm, turn the pile over once every 3 days, and keep the temperature not higher than 60℃. After fermentation for 15 days, flatten the pile, let it dry naturally, and then crush it to obtain the main agent of the saline-alkali soil amendment for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0050] (4) Mix the main agent of the salt-alkali improver, superphosphate and attapulgite in a mass ratio of 80:10:10 to obtain the salt-alkali improver for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land. Example 5

[0051] (1) Mix lignite powder with 45% humic acid content with 12% sulfuric acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1.2:10. After stirring evenly, a semi-solid state is formed. The mixture is then sealed and activated at 25 °C for 15 hours. After natural drying, it is pulverized to obtain activated humic acid.

[0052] (2) Crush rice straw with 20% impurities using a crushing device so that the length of the straw is less than 1 cm. Mix it evenly with earthworm castings and activated coal powder. The mass ratio of activated coal powder, straw and earthworm castings is 3:22:75 to obtain the fermentation precursor.

[0053] (3) Add a microbial agent with an effective viable count of 500 million / g to the fermentation precursor. The amount added is 0.05% of the mixed fermentation precursor. Add water to make the mixed fermentation precursor contain 50% water. Pile the fermentation precursor material into a cone shape, cover it with a cotton quilt to keep it moist and warm, turn the pile over once every 2 days, and keep the temperature not higher than 60℃. After fermentation for 18 days, flatten the pile, let it dry naturally, and then crush it to obtain the main agent of the saline-alkali soil amendment for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0054] (4) Mix the main agent of the saline-alkali improver, phosphogypsum and calcium silicate evenly according to the mass ratio of 85:10:5 to prepare the saline-alkali improver for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land. Example 6

[0055] (1) Weathered coal powder with 60% humic acid content is mixed with 18% sulfuric acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1.4:10. After stirring evenly, it forms a semi-solid state. Then, it is sealed and activated at 28 °C for 13 hours. After natural drying, it is pulverized to obtain activated coal powder.

[0056] (2) Crush corn stalks with 15% impurities so that the length of each stalk is less than 1 cm. Mix them evenly with sheep manure and activated coal powder. The mass ratio of activated coal powder, straw and sheep manure is 5:20:75 to obtain the fermentation precursor.

[0057] (3) Add microbial agent with an effective viable count of 300 million / g to the fermentation precursor. The amount added is 0.04% of the mixed fermentation precursor. Add water to make the mixed fermentation precursor contain 55% water. Pile the fermentation precursor material into a cone shape, cover it with a cotton quilt to keep it moist and warm, turn the pile once every 3 days, and keep the temperature not higher than 55℃. After fermentation for 20 days, flatten the pile, let it dry naturally, and then crush it to obtain the main agent of saline-alkali soil amendment for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0058] (4) Mix the main agent of the salt-alkali improver, superphosphate and calcium silicate evenly in a mass ratio of 80:10:10 to prepare the salt-alkali improver for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land. Example 7

[0059] (1) Mix lignite powder with 60% humic acid content with 12% sulfuric acid at a mass ratio of 2:10. After stirring evenly, a semi-solid state is formed. The mixture is then sealed and activated at 20 °C for 15 hours. After natural drying, it is pulverized to obtain activated coal powder.

[0060] (2) Crush sorghum straw with 10% impurities so that the length of the straw is less than 1 cm. Mix it evenly with cow dung and activated coal powder. The mass ratio of activated coal powder, straw and sheep dung is 3:30:67 to obtain the fermentation precursor.

[0061] (3) Add a microbial agent with an effective viable count of 400 million / g to the fermentation precursor. The amount added is 0.04% of the mixed fermentation precursor, and water is added to make the mixed fermentation precursor contain 60% water. Pile the fermentation material into a cone shape, cover it with a cotton quilt to keep it moist and warm, turn the pile over once every 2 days, and keep the temperature not higher than 60℃. After fermentation for 13 days, flatten the pile, let it dry naturally, and then crush it to obtain the main agent of the saline-alkali soil amendment for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0062] (4) Mix the main agent of the salt-alkali improver, superphosphate and attapulgite evenly in a mass ratio of 84:8:8 to obtain the salt-alkali improver for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land. Example Results

[0063] Yanfeng 1820 rice was planted in coastal saline-alkali land with an average salt content of 0.68% and a pH of 8.23. Before harrowing, a saline-alkali soil conditioner for coastal saline-alkali land rice cultivation was applied as base fertilizer at a rate of 200 kg / mu and 40 kg / mu of compound fertilizer. After transplanting, seedlings were protected with water, and after the rice turned green, the water level was maintained at a shallow depth of 3-5 cm. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied as a top dressing during the tillering stage, along with zinc sulfate. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied three times at 7-day intervals, each time at 6 kg / mu. The rice yields of the seven implemented cases are shown in Table 1.

[0064]

[0065] As shown in the table above, the average seed setting rate of each embodiment of the present invention is 93.8%, the average theoretical yield is 1479.1 kg / mu, and the average actual yield is 1336.6 kg / mu, which is 78.2% higher than the unimproved yield. This proves that the saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land can significantly increase the yield of rice per mu, providing technical support for the improvement of coastal saline-alkali land and rice cultivation.

[0066] The saline-alkali soil conditioner of this invention can effectively reduce the content of saline-alkali ions in coastal saline-alkali soils, reducing the risk of rice being poisoned by saline-alkali soils. Simultaneously, it improves soil aggregate structure, enhances soil fertility, and strengthens rice's resistance to lodging and whiteheading, thus achieving high yields of rice in saline-alkali land. The main raw materials of the saline-alkali soil conditioner of this invention are low-rank coal rich in humic acid, as well as agricultural waste such as straw and livestock manure. It has advantages such as low cost, simple composition, simple preparation process, safety, and environmental friendliness, and causes no secondary pollution to the soil, realizing the reuse of solid waste resources. This invention has multiple effects of saline-alkali fixation, soil fertility improvement, agricultural waste treatment, and high yield promotion, and has significant application value and substantial economic and environmental benefits.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Any structural methods and embodiments similar to this technical solution designed without creative creativity should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The preparation process includes the following steps: (1) Mix raw coal powder with humic acid content of 40-70% with 10%-20% liquid oxidant at a solid-liquid ratio of 1-2:10, stir evenly to form a semi-solid state, seal and activate at 10-30℃ for 12-16 hours, dry and pulverize to obtain activated coal powder. (2) Corn stalks, rice stalks, wheat stalks or sorghum stalks with impurities of less than 20% are crushed by crushing equipment so that the length of the stalks is less than 1 cm. The stalks, livestock and poultry manure and activated coal are mixed evenly. The mass ratio of the three materials, activated coal, stalks and livestock and poultry manure, is 1-5:20-30:60-90 to obtain the mixed fermentation precursor. (3) Add microbial agent with an effective viable count of 200-500 million / g to the mixed fermentation precursor, the amount added is 0.01-0.05% of the mixed fermentation precursor, and add water to make the mixed fermentation precursor contain 50-60% water, to obtain fermented material; (4) Pile the fermented material into a trapezoidal or conical shape, cover it with a layer of moisture-retaining, heat-insulating and breathable material, turn the pile over once every 2-3 days, control the temperature at 50-60℃, and after fermentation for 10-20 days, flatten the pile, let it air dry naturally, and then crush it to obtain the main agent of salt-alkali improver. (5) Mix the main agent, auxiliary agent and adjuvant of the saline-alkali improver evenly according to the mass ratio of 80-90:5-10:5-10 to obtain the saline-alkali improver for rice planting in coastal saline-alkali land.

2. The saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw coal is weathered coal or lignite, with a humic acid content of 30%-70%.

3. The saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid oxidant is sulfuric acid or hydrogen peroxide, with a concentration of 10%-20%.

4. The saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw coal and liquid oxidant have a solid-liquid ratio of 1-2:10, and the activation conditions are to seal the container in an airtight environment and activate it at 10-30℃ for 12-16 hours.

5. The saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw is one of the straws of rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, etc.

6. The saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microorganisms include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and yeast, with an effective viable count of 200-500 million / g, and the amount added is 0.01-0.05%.

7. The saline-alkali soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The livestock and poultry manure mentioned is one of the following: cow manure, sheep manure, or earthworm castings.

8. The soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of activated coal, straw, and livestock manure in the fermentation precursor is 1-5:20-30:60-90.

9. The soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the main agent, excipient, and auxiliary agent is 80-90:5-10:5-10.

10. A soil conditioner for rice cultivation in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 9, characterized in that: The excipient is one of superphosphate, phosphogypsum, or triple superphosphate, and the auxiliary agent is one of calcium silicate, zeolite, or attapulgite.

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