Method for producing compost with high nitrogen and humic acid content

Abstract

To provide a method for producing compost with a high nitrogen and humic acid content. [Solution] This is achieved by a method for producing seed compost, in which seed compost is obtained by mixing water and at least one selected from the group consisting of rice bran, wheat bran, wheat bran, oil cake, sesame cake, and feed scraps as the main raw materials, and a predetermined microorganism as a secondary raw material, and then performing a first fermentation step in which the two raw materials are fermented in an aerobic, high-temperature, and weakly acidic environment to obtain seed compost, and then mixing the seed compost obtained with livestock manure and / or animal and plant residues to make compost raw materials, and then performing a second fermentation step in which the compost raw materials are turned over while fermenting in an aerobic, high-temperature, and weakly acidic environment to obtain compost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing compost with a high content of nitrogen and humic acid. More specifically, it relates to the fields of agriculture and environmental protection. In particular, compared with conventional composting, it relates to a method for producing compost with a high content of nitrogen and humic acid by a technique that significantly suppresses ammonia emissions in the composting process using biomass such as livestock manure and food waste.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as the importance of sustainable agriculture has increased, there has been a demand to reduce the cost of using chemical fertilizers and utilize alternative compost. On the other hand, the problem of bad odors and environmental burdens generated in the process of producing compost has not yet been solved. Biomass such as livestock manure and food waste has been used in agriculture by making it into compost. In the process of composting biomass, compost is produced by the action of microorganisms under aerobic and high-temperature conditions. At this time, as the organic matter in the compost is decomposed, the pH of the compost raw material increases and ammonia is generated, causing a bad odor problem. Furthermore, the ammonia released into the atmosphere can cause acid rain, and some of it becomes nitrous oxide (N2O). Nitrous oxide has a high greenhouse effect and a global warming potential about 300 times that of carbon dioxide, and its reduction is required in the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement in the context of climate change countermeasures.

[0003] Regarding these problems, the following techniques have been proposed. First, there is a method of adsorbing malodorous substances such as ammonia using deodorants, fragrances, and deodorizing devices, and decomposing microbial malodorous components. However, these methods incur material costs. Also, due to the structure of the compost treatment facility, it is impossible to collect the odors of all processes, and the effect is limited. Another method to suppress ammonia generation is to increase the CN ratio of the compost by mixing additional materials such as wood chips, sawdust, and rice hulls with the compost raw materials. However, this increases the volume of compost raw materials, requiring a larger stockyard, increasing the amount to be processed, and raising the cost of compost production. In addition, these additional materials are used for purposes other than compost, which can make procurement difficult. Other methods include adding substances that lower the pH of the compost to neutralize the generated ammonia (for example, by-products of the brewing process) and microbial materials that suppress the generation of malodors. However, these methods are not widely used in composting facilities for livestock manure and animal and plant residues, and their use is limited, suggesting that there are challenges in increasing production costs and procuring materials. Furthermore, in order to suppress the volatilization of nitrogen components in the production process of chicken manure compost, it has been proposed to maintain the compost temperature at a high temperature of 60°C or higher to deactivate uricase, which breaks down uric acid contained in chicken manure. However, in the inventor's experience, it was not observed that ammonia generation was dramatically suppressed even at high temperatures. In addition to the reaction by uricase, ammonia generation also occurs through other means, such as ammonia production from the decomposition of organic matter by heat-resistant microorganisms, the increased activity of hydrolysis reactions of organic matter at temperatures above 60°C, and the rise in pH due to already generated ammonia, which leads to the generation of NH3 and NH4 + The equilibrium shifts towards NH3, increasing free ammonia and generating ammonia which is then released into the atmosphere. Thus, in the composting process, unlike the simplified environment of a laboratory, there are countless complex reactions involving microbial, chemical, and physical interactions, and suppressing just one pathway is insufficient to prevent ammonia generation.

[0004] Thus, while various trials and investments have been made in technologies to eliminate or reduce the malodors and environmental burdens generated when composting biomass such as livestock manure and food waste, these technologies have not yet been sufficiently established. Furthermore, patented technologies such as those described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are known. Patent Document 1 discloses a technology that uses multiple specific bacterial species and mixes them with compost raw materials for fermentation. However, in addition to managing and maintaining specific bacteria, it is necessary to continuously produce starter cultures A and B in a separate process when processing compost on a daily basis, and to secure bark, etc., which presents challenges in terms of human and economic burden. Patent Document 2 discloses a technology in which a stock solution is created by collecting, culturing, and purifying a group of non-toxic bacteria from soil, and the target material to be treated is fermented with this stock solution to produce compost. However, because the fermentation temperature is low (20-40°C), it takes a long time to produce compost, and the equipment is complex because anaerobic fermentation conditions are required. It is thought that this invention has not become widespread in the livestock and food industries.

[0005] Patent Document 3 describes a primary fermentation process in which 100 parts by weight of a mixture of chicken manure with a moisture content of 40-45% and recycled compost is intermittently sprayed and mixed with shochu distillation waste liquid with a moisture content of 90-98% to create a chicken manure / shochu waste liquid mixture with a moisture content of 45-55%, and fermented at 73-83°C for 5-10 days by turning (stirring to adjust uneven fermentation of the compost) and blower treatment, and 2.5-3.3 parts by weight of the shochu waste liquid is sprayed at one time, and the total amount is 1 A method for producing mature fertilizer with a high humic acid content is disclosed, characterized by spraying 0 to 30 parts by weight, then intermittently spraying and mixing shochu distillation wastewater with a moisture content of 90 to 98% while performing a secondary fermentation treatment at 58°C to less than 73°C for 28 to 35 days, then spraying a total of 70 to 100 parts by weight, followed by turning and blower treatment to dry and mature to a moisture content of 25 to 35%, thereby obtaining mature fertilizer with a humic acid content of 15 to 25%. However, because shochu distillation wastewater is required, it is not generally easy to implement. In the primary fermentation process, ammonia is generated, which depletes the nitrogen component of the fertilizer. Also, because a two-stage fermentation process, primary and secondary, is required, new equipment different from conventional methods is needed, and the time required for composting is long. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5279567 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 8-109088 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 7021430 [Non-patent literature]

[0007] [Non-Patent Document 1] Trends in fertilizer components in livestock manure compost and estimation of nitrogen loss rate during composting, Japanese Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Vol. 79, No. 4 (2008) [Disclosure of the Invention] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] This invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its objectives are: (1) to solve the problem of malodor and environmental burden by suppressing the generation of ammonia by maintaining aerobic, high temperature, and weakly acidic conditions in the composting process; (2) to create compost with a higher nitrogen content compared to conventional compost in order to suppress the volatilization of ammonia into the atmosphere; (3) to promote the humification efficiency of organic matter, so that it can be used in agriculture as compost with a high humic acid content; and (4) to contribute to reducing the environmental burden in both the production process and the use of compost in agriculture, that is, in production and use. In other words, the invention aims to provide a method for producing compost with a high nitrogen and humic acid content. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The inventors of this invention have discovered that by promoting composting under aerobic, high-temperature, and slightly acidic conditions, it is possible to produce compost rich in humic acid while suppressing the release of ammonia, and have thus completed the present invention. In this invention, although specific microorganisms (starter cultures) are used only in the first fermentation step, in subsequent steps (second fermentation step), the manufactured compost is simply used as return compost, thereby solving problems such as malodors and nitrogen depletion that occur in the composting process of livestock manure and animal and plant residues. Thus, the method for producing seed compost according to the first invention uses water and at least one selected from the group consisting of rice bran, wheat bran, wheat bran, oil cake, sesame cake, and feed scraps as main raw materials, and a predetermined microorganism as a secondary raw material, and after mixing the two raw materials, aerobic (2-5 L / m³) 3 The method is characterized by obtaining seed compost by performing a first fermentation step in an environment that is fermented in a high temperature (60-80°C) and slightly acidic (pH 4.5-6.5) (preferably 4.5-5.5). In this case, it is preferable that the predetermined microorganisms include at least one selected from the group consisting of (A) black koji (Aspergillus luchuensis) and white koji (Aspergillus Kawachii), and at least one selected from the group consisting of (B) spore-forming lactic acid bacteria (Bacillus coagulans), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus subtilis var. natto, and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). In this process, each microorganism can be one that you maintain and manage yourself, one collected from the environment (soil, water, forests, etc.), or one that is commercially available (for example, black koji and white koji sold by liquor stores, vinegar stores, and miso stores; spore-forming lactic acid bacteria such as Lacris, Lilac Lactobacillus, Lacris from Green Wheat Fields, and commercially available spore-forming lactic acid bacteria capsules; Bacillus subtilis such as BN Clean; natto bacteria such as Natto Bacteria Power and Miyagino Natto Bacteria; and yeast such as dry yeast, brewer's yeast, and baker's yeast).

[0010] Furthermore, the method for producing compost according to the second invention is characterized by mixing the seed compost obtained by the above invention with livestock manure and / or animal and plant residues to make compost raw materials, and performing a second fermentation step in which the compost raw materials are turned over while fermenting them in an aerobic, high temperature (70-80°C), and weakly acidic (pH 4.5-6.5 (preferably 5-6)) environment, thereby obtaining compost. Furthermore, the method for producing compost with a high nitrogen and humic acid content according to the third invention is characterized by using the compost obtained by the second invention as return compost, mixing this return compost with livestock manure and / or animal and plant residues to create compost raw materials, and performing a second fermentation step in which the compost raw materials are turned over while fermenting them in an aerobic, high temperature (70-80°C), and weakly acidic (pH 4.5-6.5 (preferably pH 5-6.5)) environment to obtain compost. In the second or third invention, "aerobic" means the typical aeration rate of compost, which is 100-300 L / m³. 3 Use minutes as a guideline. It is desirable to adjust the airflow rate with a timer. Specifically, it is desirable to use a blower that can adjust the airflow rate, such as reducing it when the temperature rises slowly and increasing it when the temperature exceeds 80°C. "Animal residues and plant residues" primarily refer to industrial waste discharged from food processing plants. According to the inventor's findings, when the pH of compost exceeds 7 during production, nitrogen (such as amino acids) decomposes, and an ammonia odor begins to be generated. If this condition persists, the compost raw materials undergo irreversible changes, and the amount of ammonia generated increases exponentially as the pH rises, causing a large amount of nitrogen, a fertilizer component, to volatilize into the atmosphere. However, in conventional compost production processes, products manufactured under these conditions are currently sold. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] The present invention provides a method for producing compost with high nitrogen and humic acid content. For example, chicken manure compost produced according to the present invention contains 5% or more nitrogen and 23% or more humic acid, and can be used as a substitute for chemical fertilizers. Non-patent document 1 states that the nitrogen loss rate in fertilizer obtained from chicken manure is 80.4% (Table 7). According to the present invention, since almost no ammonia gas is generated in the compost, the nitrogen loss rate is considered to be considerably low, and it can be used as sufficiently good compost. Humic acid has soil-improving and plant-growth-promoting effects, so it can be used for purposes other than fertilizer. Humic acid is composed of fulvic acid and humic acid, and in recent years it has been called a biostimulant. According to the Japan Biostimulant Association, it is evaluated as "something that affects plants in terms of plant health, stress tolerance, yield and quality, post-harvest condition and storage." Furthermore, compared to conventional composting technologies, the present invention reduces ammonia emissions and produces compost with a high nitrogen content. In addition, it reduces the generation of ammonia gas, which is the most common cause of odor problems during compost production, thus eliminating the need to introduce neutralizing agents, deodorizers, or deodorizing equipment to address odor issues. Furthermore, the weakly acidic, aerobic, high-temperature fermentation process can suppress the generation of environmentally harmful gases such as methane and N2O. Patent Document 3 states that for 10 tons of livestock manure and 10 tons of food waste, 5 tons of bark and 1.5 tons of starter culture B are required for each processing step. This means that starter culture B must be maintained at all times, including the maintenance of starter culture A in the previous step. Furthermore, the volume of the resulting compost will increase. Generally, an increase in the volume of compost increases costs such as the volume of the processing step and storage space, as well as costs for procuring bark compost and finding a place to store it. In contrast, the present invention allows for sustained effectiveness using only recycled compost. Furthermore, Patent Document 3 only mentions livestock manure, so it is not clear which type of livestock manure is being referred to. The present invention is a highly effective technology because it can suppress the generation of ammonia gas even when using chicken manure, which generates the most ammonia gas. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] It is a flowchart showing a method for producing starter compost. [Figure 2] It is a flowchart showing a method for producing compost using starter compost. [Figure 3] It is a flowchart showing a method for producing compost using recycled compost. [Figure 4] It is a schematic diagram showing the state during compost production.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described while referring to the charts. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, and can be implemented in various forms without changing the gist of the invention. <Composting Treatment Method> 1. Method for Producing Starter Compost The method for producing starter compost will be described while referring to FIG. 1. As the main raw materials, water and animal residues, plant residues, rice bran or its substitutes (such as wheat bran, bran, oil cake, sesame cake, feed scraps, etc.) were used. As the auxiliary raw materials, microorganisms (in addition to Aspergillus luchuensis and spore-forming lactic acid bacteria (Bacillus coagulans: trade name Lactris), Bacillus subtilis (BN1001 trade name BNClean)) were used. In addition to or instead of Bacillus subtilis, it was confirmed that the same effect can be obtained by using Bacillus subtilis var. natto and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Hereinafter, this will be referred to as "added microorganisms". The added microorganisms were well mixed with water and added, diluted about 100 to 10,000 times (preferably about 1,000 times (800 to 1,200 times)), and mixed with the main raw materials. Among the combined weight of the main raw materials and microorganisms, the one charged so that the moisture content becomes 30 to 40% of the whole was taken as the start of the starter compost (S100).

[0014] The initial moisture content of the seed compost is approximately 60%. If the moisture level becomes insufficient after the temperature rises, water can be added. It is preferable to use a total of 5 tons or more of seed material. To allow the seed compost to ferment under aerobic conditions, air was aerated from the bottom. The amount of aeration was adjusted based on the condition of the seed compost. Excessive aeration can hinder the temperature rise of the seed compost, so if the temperature does not rise, the amount of aeration can be reduced and the process can be waited until the temperature rises. It is also desirable to have a timer function to adjust the amount of aeration. Originally, rice bran or its substitutes contain lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus natto bacteria, filamentous fungi, Aspergillus oryzae, actinomycetes, yeast, etc. (these are referred to as "existing microorganisms"). In other words, in addition to the added microorganisms, a large number of microorganisms, including existing microorganisms, coexist and / or inhibit each other, becoming a unified whole as fermentation progresses. The core of this technology is the discovery that, during fermentation, it is not just the added microorganisms that take priority, but that the combination with existing microorganisms can maintain a microbial community that creates an aerobic, high-temperature, and slightly acidic environment. Therefore, if an aerobic, high-temperature, and slightly acidic state can be reached and maintained by combinations other than added microorganisms and existing microorganisms, it is thought that there are infinitely many combinations of microorganisms that can be used to create seed compost.

[0015] In this invention, the pH of the seed compost is weakly acidic (4.5 to 6.5 (preferably 4.5 to 5.5, more preferably 4.5 to 5.0)). Furthermore, the temperature of the seed compost was controlled to be maintained at a high temperature (60 to 80°C). In this way, composting was carried out while maintaining aerobic, high-temperature, and weakly acidic conditions (S110). Furthermore, the compost was turned over at an appropriate time (for example, when the compost temperature exceeded 80°C, or after an appropriate period of 10 to 48 hours had elapsed) (S120). Furthermore, if there was a risk of the temperature dropping due to turning the container, the container was turned again in a smaller area. After a few days, when the temperature of the turned area rose above 60°C, other parts were turned, thus controlling the overall temperature of the product without it dropping too low. The criteria for determining the completion of the seed compost were that the entire mixture should be brown to dark brown, the temperature should remain between 60 and 80°C, and the pH should not deviate from the range of 4.5 to 5.5. Until these criteria were met, the seed compost production continued while maintaining aerobic conditions, high temperature, and slightly acidic pH (S110) and turning the compost (S120). When it was determined that the criteria had been met, the seed compost was considered complete (S130). When producing approximately 5 tons of seed compost, it took about 3 to 5 weeks from start to completion.

[0016] 2. Method for producing compost Referring to Figure 2, we will now explain how to produce compost using seed compost. The raw materials used for compost include livestock manure (e.g., chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure, quail manure, horse manure, dog manure, etc.), and animal and plant residues (e.g., vegetable stock residue (carrots, shiitake mushrooms, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, etc.), rice bran, okara (soy pulp), sesame residue, wheat flour, wheat bran, vegetable scraps, fruit scraps, bamboo powder, seaweed scraps, coffee grounds, tea grounds, rice hulls, rice straw, wood chips, blood meal, hair meal, fish meal, grass clippings, spent mushroom substrate, compound feed scraps, seafood stock residue (bonito, dried sardines, shrimp, crab), fish skin, meat, organs, scraps, etc.). Any organic matter that can be composted by microorganisms is acceptable. However, care should be taken as fermentation may not be possible with decayed raw materials depending on the degree of decay. The seed compost obtained in "1. Method for Manufacturing Seed Compost" above was mixed with the compost raw materials, and composting was started under aerobic, high temperature (60-80°C), and slightly acidic (pH 5-6) conditions (S200). The temperature of the seed compost was kept as high as possible (60-80°C) to quickly raise the temperature after mixing the seed compost and compost raw materials.

[0017] To create aerobic conditions for the compost raw materials, it is desirable that the air supply used for aeration has a function that allows for adjustment of the amount of airflow or the aeration time, similar to the process used during seed compost production. The specific method for preparing compost is to lightly mix composting materials in a ratio of 1 part composting material to 2-3 parts seed composting material, and then pile it up. If the specific gravity of the compost after mixing is high (for example, if the moisture content is 70% or higher), you can mix lower moisture content feed scraps etc. with the seed composting material beforehand. After mixing, ensure that the specific gravity does not exceed 0.7. If the specific gravity is higher than 0.7, compaction will result in insufficient air supply, inhibiting aerobic fermentation. If the specific gravity is too high, adjust it with raw materials that have a lower specific gravity. On the other hand, if the specific gravity is too low, water may be added. Alternatively, non-spoiled liquid animal or plant residues may be used instead of water. In winter, avoid adding large amounts of water at once and take care to prevent the overall temperature from dropping too low.

[0018] Mixing seed compost and composting materials is done using a wheel loader or similar equipment, but thorough mixing will compact the mixture, eliminating air pockets and inhibiting aerobic fermentation. Therefore, a few rough stirs are sufficient. The maximum height to which compost should be added is about 2 meters, but if the specific gravity is low, it is possible to pile it higher. However, it is necessary to check during turning that the conditions of high temperature, aerobicity, and acidity are being maintained. After the composting materials were added, the temperature gradually rose due to microbial fermentation, and conditions were maintained such that the temperature exceeded 60°C after 24 to 48 hours. In this way, composting proceeded while maintaining aerobic, high-temperature, and slightly acidic conditions (S210).

[0019] After adding the compost raw materials, the aerobic, high-temperature, and slightly acidic conditions were maintained while checking whether the compost temperature exceeded 70°C (S220). When the compost temperature exceeded 70°C, it was turned over (S230). The method of turning over was the same as the general management method used during compost production. Furthermore, even before the compost temperature exceeded 70°C, if about two days had passed since preparation, the compost was sometimes turned over to prevent uneven fermentation and subsequent increases in pH. In this case, to avoid a drop in temperature and to quickly raise it, the air supply was reduced immediately after turning, and then the air supply was increased again once a rise in temperature was observed. As the moisture content of the compost decreases over time, a portion of the compost being produced was moved to the final product stage. The criteria for determining the quality of the compost were that the entire mixture should be dark brown to almost black in color, the temperature should remain between 60 and 80°C, and the pH should not deviate from the range of 5.0 to 6.0 (preferably 5.0 to 5.5). Furthermore, since the compost will be used as recycled compost, the moisture content should preferably be around 30% to 50%. Furthermore, measuring the ammonia concentration with a gas detection tube can also serve as an indicator. When the inlet of the detection tube was inserted into the compost and measured, in this embodiment, no ammonia was detected (detection limit is 10 ppm). In contrast, conventional compost showed a concentration of 1000 ppm or more (exceeding the detection limit). If it was determined that these criteria had been met, the compost was considered complete (S240).

[0020] 3. Method for producing compost using recycled compost Referring to Figure 3, we will now explain how to produce compost using recycled compost. A portion of the compost produced in "2. Method for Manufacturing Compost" above was used as "recycled compost." "Recycled compost" is the term used when completed compost or compost that has progressed to a certain extent is mixed with new compost raw materials and used again for composting, meaning it is used for the reproduction of compost. Since compost raw materials often have a high moisture content, a recycled compost with a low moisture content was used. As initial conditions for manufacturing compost, the recycled compost and compost raw materials were mixed to create the initial state so that the overall specific gravity was about 0.6 to 0.7 (S300). The specific gravity can be determined by, for example, placing the initial state in a 1-liter container and measuring its weight. Specifically, the ratio of recycled compost to compost raw materials was about 1:2 to 1:4. Starting from the initial state, compost was produced by carrying out the same process (S310-S340) according to "2. Method for producing compost" described above. Furthermore, a portion of the compost produced in this way was used as return compost, allowing for the production of compost again.

[0021] Figure 4 shows the process of producing seed compost or compost in this embodiment. Compost material 1 was piled up in a suitable space partitioned on three sides by walls W. A blower motor 2 for supplying air, a timer 3 for starting and stopping the blower motor 2 at appropriate intervals, and an air line 4 for introducing air into the compost material 1 are provided here. When the blower motor 2 is operating, air is supplied to the air line 4, and air A is introduced into the compost material 1 through appropriately provided holes. A shovel loader or wheel loader 5 was used to turn over the compost material 1. As described above, this technology allows for the production of compost with suppressed ammonia generation by continuously maintaining high temperature, aerobic conditions, and slightly acidic environments after the initial seed compost is created. This technology assumes the continued use of commercially available microbial materials to combat odors during composting and promote fermentation. While this technology requires the preparation of seed compost only the first time, thereafter compost production can be carried out using only the returned compost (without producing seed compost), offering significant cost and management advantages. Furthermore, if the above-mentioned aerobic, high-temperature, and slightly acidic conditions can be maintained, similar effects can be expected with devices such as rotary agitators, scoop-type and screw-type agitators, and sealed vertical composting systems.

[0022] <High concentration generation of humic acid and nitrogen> By composting livestock manure such as chicken manure and biomass such as food waste using the above technology, it was possible to verify that compost with high nitrogen content of 5% or more and humic acid content of 24% was produced when chicken manure was used as the raw material. Table 3 of Non-Patent Literature 1 states that the nitrogen content in chicken manure compost is 3.19% on average. Therefore, according to the manufacturing method of this embodiment, it was possible to produce chicken manure compost with a higher nitrogen content compared to conventional chicken manure compost. In a typical composting process, the pH during compost production is between 7.5 and 9. This is mainly due to the generation of ammonia during the decomposition of organic matter used as compost raw material. The concentration of ammonia generated at this time can exceed 1000 ppm. As ammonia is generated, it volatilizes into the atmosphere, causing the nitrogen content of the compost to decrease. In contrast, this technology allows composting to proceed within a pH range of approximately 5-6, resulting in very little ammonia gas generation, or if ammonia is temporarily generated, it is quickly neutralized and remains in the compost. Nitrogen is an essential fertilizer component for crops.

[0023] Humic acid enhances soil water retention and nutrient retention, and through chelating action, it supplies nutrients necessary for crop growth. Therefore, using compost produced using this technology is expected to improve crop yield and quality. Thus, according to this embodiment, a method for producing compost with a high nitrogen and humic acid content has been provided.

Claims

1. The main ingredients are water and at least one selected from the group consisting of animal residues, plant residues, rice bran, wheat bran, wheat bran, oil cake, sesame cake, and feed scraps, and a specified microorganism is used as a secondary ingredient. After mixing the two ingredients, aerobic aeration (2-5 L / m³) is performed. 3 A method for producing seed compost, which involves a first fermentation process in which seed compost is obtained by fermenting in an environment of high temperature (60-80°C) and weak acidity (pH 4.5-6.5).

2. The method for producing seed compost according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined microorganism comprises (A) at least one selected from the group consisting of black koji (Aspergillus. luchuensis) and white koji (Aspergillus. Kawachii), and (B) at least one selected from the group consisting of spore-forming lactic acid bacteria (Bacillus coagulans), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus subtilis var. natto, and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).

3. The seed compost obtained by the manufacturing method described in claim 1 or 2 is mixed with livestock manure and / or animal and plant residues to make a compost raw material, and this compost raw material is subjected to aerobic conditions (100-300 L / m³). 3 A method for producing compost, comprising a second fermentation step in which the compost raw materials are turned over while fermenting in an environment of high temperature (70-80°C) and weak acidity (pH 4.5-6.5).

4. The compost obtained by the manufacturing method described in claim 3 is used as return compost, and this return compost is mixed with livestock manure and / or animal and plant residues to make compost raw material, and the compost raw material is subjected to aerobic conditions (100-300 L / m³). 3 A method for producing compost with a high nitrogen and humic acid content, which involves a second fermentation step in which the compost raw materials are turned over while fermenting in an environment of high temperature (70-80°C) and weak acidity (pH 4.5-6.5).

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