Underground mine exploration device with guiding and limiting functions
By designing a synchronous rotation and rolling friction assembly between the guide sleeve and the drill pipe, the wear problem between the guide sleeve and the drill pipe is solved, thereby improving the stability and service life of the drill pipe and reducing maintenance difficulty and cost.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XIAN CENT OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CGS
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
In traditional geological exploration drilling equipment, the wear between the guide sleeve and the drill rod is significant, resulting in a shortened service life and a decrease in guiding and limiting accuracy.
The drive unit drives the first and second transmission mechanisms to work together, so that the guide sleeve and the drill pipe rotate synchronously. The rolling friction component reduces friction loss, and the oil injection mechanism provides lubrication. Combined with the hydraulic mechanism, the rolling friction component can be automatically locked and unlocked.
It effectively reduces wear on drill pipes and guide sleeves, extends service life, reduces maintenance frequency and costs, and simplifies maintenance work in the field.
Smart Images
Figure CN122039986A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological and mineral exploration drilling technology, and in particular to a geological and mineral exploration device with guiding and limiting functions. Background Technology
[0002] In geological exploration, auger drilling is a commonly used method. It uses the vertical lifting and rotation of the drill rod to drill into the formation, sample, and explore. To ensure the stability of the drill rod and prevent tilting or swaying during drilling or lifting, a guide sleeve is usually installed on the drilling device. The guide sleeve slides into the drill rod to provide guidance and limit its movement. However, traditional geological exploration drilling equipment often uses a fixed installation design for the guide sleeve, meaning the guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the frame or the main body of the drilling equipment, while the drill rod moves vertically and rotates circumferentially relative to the guide sleeve. This traditional structure presents the following problems in actual operation: Simultaneous circumferential rotation and vertical relative movement between the drill rod and the guide sleeve lead to continuous sliding friction at their contact points. Over long-term operation, this easily causes uneven wear and scratches on the outer wall of the drill rod and the inner wall of the guide sleeve. This not only shortens the service life of both the drill rod and the guide sleeve but also increases the clearance between them due to wear, resulting in a decrease in guiding and limiting accuracy. Therefore, a geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function is provided to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In order to solve the technical problem of excessive wear between the guide sleeve and the drill pipe, the present invention provides a geological exploration device with a guiding and limiting function. The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions: This invention provides a geological exploration device with guiding and limiting functions, including a frame; a lifting mechanism is installed on the frame, the lifting mechanism is connected to a first transmission mechanism, and the first transmission mechanism is connected to a drill rod; a second transmission mechanism is installed at the bottom of the frame, the second transmission mechanism is connected to a guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve is slidably sleeved with the drill rod; it also includes a drive unit; both the first and second transmission mechanisms are connected to the drive unit; a rolling friction assembly is provided inside the guide sleeve, and the rolling friction assembly is connected to an oil injection mechanism. Preferably, the first transmission mechanism includes a first housing; a first shaft and a second shaft are rotatably mounted inside the first housing, and a first gear and a second gear are respectively fixedly sleeved on the first shaft and the second shaft, and the first gear and the second gear mesh; the bottom end of the second shaft is fixed to the top end of the drill rod; the second transmission mechanism includes a second housing fixed at the bottom of the frame, and a third gear and a fourth gear are disposed inside the second housing, and the third gear and the fourth gear mesh; the diameter of the first gear is equal to the diameter of the third gear, and the diameter of the second gear is equal to the diameter of the fourth gear; both the first shaft and the third gear are connected to the drive unit. Preferably, the drive unit includes a second motor fixed to the bottom of the second housing, a third shaft fixed to the output shaft of the second motor, a third gear fixedly sleeved on the third shaft, a square shaft fixed to the top of the third shaft, a square hole opened at the center of the first shaft, and the square shaft slidingly sleeved with the square hole. Preferably, the second housing is rotatably connected to the guide sleeve, and the fourth gear is fixedly sleeved onto the outer wall of the guide sleeve; the guide sleeve includes an outer sleeve and a retaining ring disposed on the top of the outer sleeve; the outer sleeve is sleeved on the rolling friction assembly, and an annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve; one side of the outer wall of the outer sleeve is connected to an oil injection mechanism; the oil injection mechanism is used to inject lubricating oil into the annular groove. Preferably, the rolling friction assembly includes an inner sleeve; the inner sleeve has a plurality of evenly distributed through grooves, and a first ball is rotatably installed in the through grooves; a positioning block is fixed to the top of the inner sleeve, and a positioning groove is formed at the bottom of the retaining ring, and the positioning block is inserted into the positioning groove. Preferably, the oil injection mechanism includes a movable column and a second cylinder fixed to the outer wall of the outer casing. A first check valve and a second check valve are installed at one end of the second cylinder, and one end of the second check valve extends into the annular groove. A guide ring is fixed at the other end of the second cylinder. The guide ring is slidably sleeved with the movable column. A piston sleeve is fixedly sleeved at one end of the movable column inside the second cylinder, and the piston sleeve is fitted into the second cylinder. A third spring is provided inside the second cylinder. The first check valve is connected to an oil inlet pipe, and an oil collection shell is provided below the oil inlet pipe. Preferably, one end of the movable column abuts against a fixing ring; the fixing ring is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the second housing; a plurality of protrusions arranged in a ring array are fixed on the inner wall of the fixing ring, the protrusions have a protrusion in the middle, and the protrusions have symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces on both sides. Preferably, a locking insert is provided on one side of the outer sleeve, the locking insert including a locking pin, the locking pin being slidably sleeved with a guide groove formed on the side wall of the outer sleeve, one end of the locking pin being inserted into a lock hole formed on one side of the inner sleeve, a corrugated soft sleeve being sleeved on the locking pin, one end of the corrugated soft sleeve being fixed to the locking pin, the other end of the corrugated soft sleeve being fixed to the outside of the guide groove, a second spring being provided inside the corrugated soft sleeve, and the locking pin being elastically connected to the outer sleeve through the second spring; one end of the locking pin is connected to a driving mechanism. Preferably, the driving mechanism includes an annular shell fixed to the inner ring of the bottom of the fixed ring; a piston ring is fitted inside the annular shell, a movable ring is fixed to the top of the piston ring, an annular plate is fixed to the top of the movable ring, a first spring is provided at the bottom of the annular plate, a compression ring is fixed to the top of the annular plate, the inner diameter of the compression ring gradually decreases from top to bottom, a second ball is provided at one end of the locking pin, and the second ball abuts against the inner ring of the compression ring; the annular shell is connected to a hydraulic mechanism. Preferably, the hydraulic mechanism includes a first cylinder disposed at the top of the frame, a piston rod being connected to the first cylinder, the bottom end of the piston rod extending from the bottom of the first cylinder, a pressure seat being disposed below the piston rod, and the pressure seat being fixed to the first transmission mechanism; the top of the first cylinder is connected to the bottom of the annular shell through a connecting pipe. Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention. The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows: The aforementioned geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function utilizes a drive unit to drive a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism to work together, enabling the guide sleeve and drill pipe to rotate synchronously. Only vertical relative movement exists between them, eliminating frictional losses from relative rotation. Simultaneously, a rolling friction component is installed inside the guide sleeve, converting the vertical sliding friction between the drill pipe and the guide sleeve into rolling friction. Combined with the lubrication provided by the oil injection mechanism, this further reduces wear caused by vertical relative movement, effectively preventing uneven wear and scratches on the outer wall of the drill pipe and the inner wall of the guide sleeve, extending service life, and reducing component replacement frequency and maintenance costs. Furthermore, the oil injection mechanism is powered by the rotation of the guide sleeve, eliminating the need for an additional power source. When the guide sleeve rotates synchronously, the oil injection mechanism rotates along with it. The third ball at the end of the movable column rolls back and forth on the protrusion of the fixed ring. Through the squeezing action of the convex surface of the protrusion and the elastic force of the third spring, the piston sleeve is driven to reciprocate within the second cylinder, realizing the automatic suction and push of oil, continuously injecting lubricating oil into the rolling friction component, and ensuring the continuity and effectiveness of lubrication. Furthermore, through the coordinated design of the hydraulic mechanism, drive mechanism, and locking plug, the rolling friction component achieves automatic locking and unlocking without manual operation. When replacement is needed, the lifting mechanism drives the first transmission mechanism upwards, causing the pressure seat to push the piston rod of the hydraulic mechanism. Hydraulic oil then drives the compression ring upwards, releasing the pressure on the locking pin. The locking pin, under the force of the second spring, is pulled out of the locking hole, completing automatic unlocking. During reinstallation, the lifting mechanism drives the drill rod downwards, the compression ring resets under the force of the first spring, and compresses the locking pin into the locking hole, achieving automatic locking. The entire disassembly and assembly process requires no additional tools or manual locking and unlocking, simplifying operation and significantly reducing the workload and difficulty of maintenance in the field, thus improving maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top of the frame of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the frame of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the second transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second housing of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the fixing ring of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the fixing ring of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one side of the fixing ring of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the guide sleeve, locking insert, and oil injection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1. Frame; 2. Lifting mechanism; 201. Carrier plate; 202. First motor; 203. Stud; 204. Base; 205. Nut seat; 206. Movable frame; 207. Guide rail; 3. Side plate; 4. First transmission mechanism; 401. First housing; 402. First shaft; 403. Second shaft; 404. First gear; 405. Second gear; 5. Second transmission mechanism; 501. Second housing; 5 02. Third shaft; 503. Third gear; 504. Fourth gear; 6. Square shaft; 7. Second motor; 8. Drill rod; 9. Top frame; 10. Pressure seat; 11. Hydraulic mechanism; 1101. First cylinder; 1102. Piston rod; 1103. Connecting pipe; 12. Guide sleeve; 1201. Outer sleeve; 12011. Guide groove; 1202. Retaining ring; 1203. Annular groove; 1204. Sealing ring; 12 05. Inner sleeve; 12051. Locking hole; 1206. First ball bearing; 1207. Positioning block; 13. Retaining ring; 1301. Guide strip; 14. Protrusion; 1401. Sloping surface; 1402. Protrusion; 15. Drive mechanism; 1501. Annular shell; 1502. Piston ring; 1503. Moving ring; 1504. Annular plate; 1505. Compression ring; 1506. First spring; 16. Locking insert Components; 1601, Locking pin; 1602, Second ball bearing; 1603, Corrugated soft sleeve; 1604, Second spring; 17, Oil injection mechanism; 1701, Second cylinder; 1702, Moving pin; 1703, Third ball bearing; 1704, First check valve; 1705, Oil inlet pipe; 1706, Piston sleeve; 1707, Third spring; 1708, Second check valve; 1709, Guide ring; 18, Oil housing. Detailed Implementation The present invention will be further illustrated by way of embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein. like Figures 1-12 As shown, a geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function includes a frame 1; a lifting mechanism 2 is installed on the frame 1, the lifting mechanism 2 is connected to a first transmission mechanism 4, and the first transmission mechanism 4 is connected to a drill rod 8. The bottom of the frame 1 is equipped with a second transmission mechanism 5, which is connected to a guide sleeve 12, and the guide sleeve 12 is slidably sleeved with the drill rod 8. It also includes a drive unit; the first transmission mechanism 4 and the second transmission mechanism 5 are both connected to the drive unit. A rolling friction assembly is provided on the inner side of the guide sleeve 12, and the rolling friction assembly is connected to an oil injection mechanism 17. In practical implementation, the drive unit drives the first transmission mechanism 4 and the second transmission mechanism 5. The first transmission mechanism 4 and the second transmission mechanism 5 drive the drill rod 8 and the guide sleeve 12 to rotate synchronously (with the same speed and direction of rotation). The lifting mechanism 2 drives the first transmission mechanism 4 and the drill rod 8 to move downwards together, allowing the drill rod 8 to enter the geological soil layer for drilling. After drilling, the lifting mechanism 2 drives the first transmission mechanism 4 and the drill rod 8 to move upwards together, allowing the drill rod 8 to leave the soil layer. During the lifting and lowering process of the drill rod 8, the drill rod 8 is guided and limited by the guide sleeve 12, which improves the stability of the drill rod 8 and avoids tilting. At the same time, the synchronous rotation between the guide sleeve 12 and the drill rod 8 eliminates relative circumferential movement between the two, thereby eliminating frictional losses from relative rotation and reducing wear. The contact parts (i.e., the rolling friction component and the drill rod 8) only have vertical movement friction, which greatly reduces wear. The parts that come into direct contact with the drill pipe 8 (rolling friction components) adopt a rolling friction design and are connected to an oil injection mechanism 17. The oil injection mechanism 17 injects lubricating oil into them, which can reduce the wear caused by the vertical movement of the drill pipe 8 and further improve the wear reduction effect. like Figure 2 As shown, the lifting mechanism 2 includes a carrier plate 201 fixed to the frame 1; a first motor 202 is fixed to the top of the frame 1, a stud 203 is fixed to the output shaft of the first motor 202, a base 204 is fixed to the bottom side wall of the carrier plate 201, the bottom end of the stud 203 is rotatably connected to the base 204, a nut seat 205 is threaded onto the stud 203, a movable frame 206 is fixed to the nut seat 205, a guide rail 207 is fixed to the carrier plate 201, and the movable frame 206 is slidably connected to the guide rail 207; the first housing 401 of the first transmission mechanism 4 is fixed to the movable frame 206. The first motor 202 drives the stud 203 to rotate. The stud 203 and the nut seat 205 are driven by a thread. With the guide rail 207 providing vertical guidance for the movable frame 206, the movable frame 206 can drive the first transmission mechanism 4 and the drill rod 8 to move vertically together, thereby allowing the drill rod 8 to enter or leave the soil layer. like Figures 1-4 as well as Figure 6As shown, the first transmission mechanism 4 includes a first housing 401; a first shaft 402 and a second shaft 403 are rotatably mounted inside the first housing 401, and a first gear 404 and a second gear 405 are respectively fixedly sleeved on the first shaft 402 and the second shaft 403, and the first gear 404 and the second gear 405 mesh with each other, and the bottom end of the second shaft 403 is fixed to the top end of the drill rod 8; the second transmission mechanism 5 includes a second housing 501 fixed at the bottom of the frame 1, and a third gear 503 and a fourth gear 504 are provided inside the second housing 501, and the third gear 503 and the fourth gear 504 mesh with each other; the diameter of the first gear 404 is equal to the diameter of the third gear 503, and the diameter of the second gear 405 is equal to the diameter of the fourth gear 504; the first shaft 402 and the third gear 503 are both connected to the drive unit. like Figures 3-5 As shown, the drive unit includes a second motor 7 fixed to the bottom of the second housing 501, a third shaft 502 fixed to the output shaft of the second motor 7, a third gear 503 fixedly sleeved on the third shaft 502, a square shaft 6 fixed to the top of the third shaft 502, a square hole opened at the center of the first shaft 402, and the square shaft 6 slidably sleeved with the square hole; a side plate 3 is fixed to one side of the frame 1, a top frame 9 is fixed to the top side wall of the side plate 3, and the top frame 9 is rotatably connected to the top of the square shaft 6. When the second motor 7 drives the third shaft 502 and the square shaft 6 to rotate together, the third shaft 502 drives the third gear 503 to rotate, and the square shaft 6 drives the first shaft 402 and the first gear 404 to rotate. Then, through the meshing of the first gear 404 and the second gear 405, and the meshing of the third gear 503 and the fourth gear 504, the transmission is achieved. The diameters of the first gear 404 and the third gear 503 are equal, and the diameters of the second gear 405 and the fourth gear 504 are equal, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the drill rod 8 and the guide sleeve 12. The first shaft 402 is slidably sleeved with the square shaft 6 through the square hole. When the lifting part drives the first transmission mechanism 4 and the drill rod 8 to move to any height, the driving part can synchronously drive the first transmission mechanism 4 and the second transmission mechanism 5, thereby ensuring that the drill rod 8 rises and falls while rotating synchronously with the guide sleeve 12. like Figure 10 As shown, the second housing 501 is rotatably connected to the guide sleeve 12, and the fourth gear 504 is fixedly sleeved onto the outer wall of the guide sleeve 12; the guide sleeve 12 includes an outer sleeve 1201 and a retaining ring 1202 disposed on the top of the outer sleeve 1201; the outer sleeve 1201 is sleeved on the rolling friction assembly, and an annular groove 1203 is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1201; one side of the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1201 is connected to the oil injection mechanism 17; the oil injection mechanism 17 is used to inject lubricating oil into the annular groove 1203. like Figure 10 As shown, the rolling friction assembly includes an inner sleeve 1205; the inner sleeve 1205 has a plurality of evenly distributed through grooves, in which a first ball bearing 1206 is rotatably installed, and the first ball bearing 1206 extends into the inner side of the inner sleeve 1205; a sealing ring 1204 is fixed in the top and bottom of the annular groove 1203, and the inner rings of the two sealing rings 1204 are respectively attached to the outer wall of the top end and the outer wall of the bottom end of the inner sleeve 1205; a positioning block 1207 is fixed in the top of the inner sleeve 1205, and a positioning groove is opened in the bottom of the retaining ring 1202, and the positioning block 1207 is inserted into the positioning groove. The rolling friction assembly is installed inside the outer casing 1201, as follows: Figure 10 As shown, when the drill rod 8 moves up and down and moves vertically relative to the guide sleeve 12, the first ball bearing 1206 rolls against the drill rod 8, which reduces friction and wear. In the above state, the groove is connected to the annular groove 1203. The oil injection mechanism 17 injects lubricating oil into the annular groove 1203. The oil enters the groove through the annular groove 1203 to provide lubricating oil for the first ball 1206, further reducing the friction and wear between the first ball 1206 and the drill rod 8. When the rolling friction assembly is installed, the sealing ring 1204 can provide a seal at the top and bottom of the rolling friction assembly, ensuring that the oil only enters the through groove and does not leak from the top and bottom of the rolling friction assembly. like Figure 9 , Figure 10 as well as Figure 12 As shown, the oil injection mechanism 17 includes a movable column 1702 and a second cylinder 1701 fixed to the outer wall of the outer casing 1201. A first one-way valve 1704 and a second one-way valve 1708 are installed at one end of the second cylinder 1701, with one end of the second one-way valve 1708 extending into the annular groove 1203. A guide ring 1709 is fixed to the other end of the second cylinder 1701. The guide ring 1709 is slidably sleeved with the movable column 1702. A piston sleeve 1706 (which can be made of...) is fixedly sleeved at one end of the movable column 1702 located inside the second cylinder 1701. (Using a rubber sleeve), and the piston sleeve 1706 is fitted into the second cylinder 1701. A third spring 1707 is provided inside the second cylinder 1701, and one end of the third spring 1707 is fixed to the end face of the movable column 1702, and the other end abuts against the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1201; the first one-way valve 1704 is connected to an oil inlet pipe 1705, and an annular oil-collecting shell 18 is provided below the oil inlet pipe 1705, and the oil-collecting shell 18 is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the second housing 501. The bottom end of the oil inlet pipe 1705 extends into the oil-collecting shell 18, and the oil-collecting shell 18 is coaxially arranged with the guide sleeve 12. One end of the movable column 1702 abuts against a fixing ring 13; the fixing ring 13 is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the second housing 501, and the fixing ring 13 is coaxially arranged with the guide sleeve 12; a plurality of protrusions 14 arranged in a ring array are fixed on the inner wall of the fixing ring 13, a protrusion 1402 is provided in the middle of the protrusion 14, and inclined surfaces 1401 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the protrusion 1402. A third ball bearing 1703 is installed at the end of the movable column 1702 that abuts against the fixed ring 13; when the movable column 1702 slides on the fixed ring 13, the third ball bearing 1703 provides rolling friction to reduce resistance. When the drill pipe 8 drills into or out of the formation, the guide sleeve 12 rotates synchronously with the drill pipe 8; when the guide sleeve 12 rotates, the oil injection mechanism 17 on it also rotates, and the end of the movable column 1702 of the oil injection mechanism 17 travels at the height position of the protrusion 14 on the fixed ring 13; during the process of the movable column 1702 moving from the slope surface 1401 to the protrusion 1402, it is squeezed and pushed, causing the movable column 1702 and the piston sleeve 1706 to move closer to the second one-way valve 1708, and the oil injection mechanism 1702 moves towards the second cylinder 1701. The oil is pushed out and compresses the third spring 1707. The oil enters the annular groove 1203 through the second one-way valve 1708. As the movable column 1702 moves from the protrusion 1402 to the slope 1401 and then away from the slope 1401, the spring force of the third spring 1707 resets the piston sleeve 1706 and the movable column 1702. The second cylinder 1701 draws in the oil, and the oil in the oil collection shell 18 enters the second cylinder 1701 through the oil inlet pipe 1705 and the first one-way valve 1704. As the guide sleeve 12 continues to rotate, the oil injection mechanism 17 reciprocates over multiple protrusions 14 on the fixed ring 13, causing the oil injection mechanism 17 to perform the above-mentioned oil injection operation, automatically injecting oil into the annular groove 1203. This oil injection lubrication design does not require an additional power source; it is powered by the rotation of the guide sleeve 12. The oil-filled shell 18 adopts a circular structure. When the oil injection mechanism 17 rotates together with the guide sleeve 12, the oil inlet pipe 1705 of the oil injection mechanism 17 makes a circular motion inside the oil-filled shell 18. The oil inlet pipe 1705 can always draw oil, and the circular motion of the oil inlet pipe 1705 is unobstructed. In practical implementation, an annular cap can be fixed to the oil inlet pipe 1705, and the cap is rotatably installed at the top opening of the oil collection shell 18 to prevent oil from spilling out of the oil collection shell 18. At the same time, the cap is rotatably installed so as not to affect the circumferential movement of the oil inlet pipe 1705. A refueling pipe can be connected to the bottom of the oil collection shell 18, and the refueling pipe extends to one side above the second transmission mechanism 5 for convenient refueling of the oil collection shell 18. like Figures 10-11As shown, a locking insert 16 is provided on one side of the outer sleeve 1201. The locking insert 16 includes a locking pin 1601, which is slidably sleeved with a guide groove 12011 opened on the side wall of the outer sleeve 1201. One end of the locking pin 1601 is inserted into a lock hole 12051 opened on one side of the inner sleeve 1205. A corrugated soft sleeve 1603 is sleeved on the locking pin 1601. One end of the corrugated soft sleeve 1603 is fixed to the locking pin 1601, and the other end of the corrugated soft sleeve 1603 is fixed to the outside of the guide groove 12011. A second spring 1604 is provided inside the corrugated soft sleeve 1603. The locking pin 1601 is elastically connected to the outer sleeve 1201 through the second spring 1604. One end of the second spring 1604 is fixed to the locking pin 1601, and the other end is fixed to the outer side wall of the outer sleeve 1201. A drive mechanism 15 is connected to one end of the locking pin 1601. like Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, the driving mechanism 15 includes an annular shell 1501 fixed to the inner ring of the bottom of the fixed ring 13; a piston ring 1502 (the piston ring 1502 is a circular plate with a rubber sleeve on its surface) is fitted inside the annular shell 1501; a movable ring 1503 is fixed to the top of the piston ring 1502; an annular plate 1504 is fixed to the top of the movable ring 1503; a first spring 1506 is provided at the bottom of the annular plate 1504; the annular plate 1504 is elastically connected to the bottom of the second housing 501 through the first spring 1506; a compression ring 1505 is fixed to the top of the annular plate 1504; the inner diameter of the compression ring 1505 gradually decreases from top to bottom; and the compression ring 1505 is coaxially arranged with the guide sleeve 12; a second ball 1602 is provided at one end of the locking pin 1601; and the second ball 1602 abuts against the inner ring of the compression ring 1505; the annular shell 1501 is connected to a hydraulic mechanism 11. The outer ring of the compression ring 1505 is provided with a sliding groove, and the inner wall of the fixing ring 13 is fixed with a guide strip 1301, and the guide strip 1301 is slidably connected to the sliding groove. like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the hydraulic mechanism 11 includes a first cylinder 1101 (specifically fixed to the top frame 9) disposed at the top of the frame 1. A piston rod 1102 is connected to the first cylinder 1101 (a piston at the end of the piston rod 1102 is connected to the inside of the first cylinder 1101). The bottom end of the piston rod 1102 extends from the bottom of the first cylinder 1101. A pressure seat 10 is disposed below the piston rod 1102, and the pressure seat 10 is fixed to the first housing 401 of the first transmission mechanism 4. The top of the first cylinder 1101 is connected to the bottom of the annular shell 1501 through a connecting pipe 1103. Hydraulic oil is present at the point where the first cylinder 1101, the connecting pipe 1103, and the annular shell 1501 are connected. The design of the hydraulic mechanism 11, the drive mechanism 15, and the locking plug 16 facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the rolling friction assembly, thereby making it easier to replace the rolling friction assembly. During routine use of the entire device, without the need to replace the rolling friction components, the first transmission mechanism 4 and the drill rod 8 move to a higher position and separate from the soil layer, as shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, there is a gap of 1mm-2mm between the pressure seat 10 and the bottom surface of the piston rod 1102 at this time. When replacing the rolling friction assembly, move the first transmission mechanism 4 and the drill rod 8 to the position shown. Figure 1 and Figure 3 After reaching the indicated state, the first transmission mechanism 4 and drill rod 8 continue to move upwards. The pressure seat 10 pushes the piston rod 1102 upwards, causing the hydraulic oil in the first cylinder 1101 to enter the annular shell 1501 through the connecting pipe 1103. The hydraulic pressure pushes the piston ring 1502, the movable ring 1503, the annular plate 1504, and the compression ring 1505 upwards together and stretches the first spring 1506. This causes the inner ring at the bottom of the compression ring 1505 to move to the locking plug 16. The inner diameter at the bottom of the compression ring 1505 is larger than the inner diameter at the top. The locking plug 16, through the elastic force of the second spring 1604, pulls the locking pin 1601 out of the locking hole 12051, and keeps the second ball 1602 in contact with the compression ring 1505. After the above operation, the rolling friction assembly is unlocked, and the rolling friction assembly falls off automatically by gravity. When reinstalling the rolling friction assembly, insert the rolling friction assembly into the outer sleeve 1201 and insert the positioning block 1207 into the positioning groove. Align the locking hole 12051 with the locking pin 1601. Manually maintain the position of the rolling friction assembly. The lifting mechanism 2 drives the first transmission mechanism 4 and the drill rod 8 to move downward. The pressure seat 10 separates from the piston rod 1102, releasing the pressure on the piston rod 1102. The spring force of the first spring 1506 causes the piston ring 1502, the movable ring 1503, the annular plate 1504, and the compression ring 1505 to move downward together to reset. The compression ring 1505 compresses the second ball 1602, causing the top of the compression ring 1505 to abut against the second ball 1602 (the top diameter is smaller), thereby inserting the locking pin 1601 into the locking hole 12051 and compressing the second spring 1604. Through the above design, self-locking and automatic unlocking are achieved during the installation and disassembly of the rolling friction component, eliminating the need for manual locking and unlocking operations. The power for locking and unlocking is generated by the lifting mechanism 2, which drives the first transmission mechanism 4 and the pressure seat 10 to move upward, and the pressure seat 10 pushes the hydraulic mechanism 11 to achieve the drive, thus eliminating the need for an additional power source. The compression ring 1505 adopts a circular design. When the guide sleeve 12 rotates, the locking plug 16 travels on the inner ring of the compression ring 1505 through the second ball 1602. The above-mentioned structure for convenient locking and unlocking does not affect the rotation of the guide sleeve 12. The corrugated sleeve 1603 is designed to seal the guide groove 12011 and prevent the guide groove 12011 from leaking lubricating oil. In practice, a power supply and control cabinet are installed on rack 1 for power supply and electrical control. This invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any changes in shape or structure shall fall within the protection scope of this invention. The protection scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of this invention, but all such changes and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of this invention.
Claims
1. A geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function, comprising a frame (1); characterized in that: A lifting mechanism (2) is installed on the frame (1), and the lifting mechanism (2) is connected to a first transmission mechanism (4), which is connected to a drill rod (8). The bottom of the frame (1) is equipped with a second transmission mechanism (5), the second transmission mechanism (5) is connected to a guide sleeve (12), and the guide sleeve (12) is slidably sleeved with the drill rod (8); It also includes a drive unit; the first transmission mechanism (4) and the second transmission mechanism (5) are both connected to the drive unit; The inner side of the guide sleeve (12) is provided with a rolling friction assembly, and the rolling friction assembly is connected to an oil injection mechanism (17).
2. The geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission mechanism (4) includes a first housing (401); a first shaft (402) and a second shaft (403) are rotatably mounted inside the first housing (401), a first gear (404) and a second gear (405) are respectively fixedly sleeved on the first shaft (402) and the second shaft (403), and the first gear (404) and the second gear (405) mesh, and the bottom end of the second shaft (403) is fixed to the top end of the drill rod (8); the second transmission mechanism (5) The device includes a second housing (501) fixed at the bottom of the frame (1), and a third gear (503) and a fourth gear (504) are provided inside the second housing (501), with the third gear (503) meshing with the fourth gear (504); the diameter of the first gear (404) is equal to the diameter of the third gear (503), and the diameter of the second gear (405) is equal to the diameter of the fourth gear (504); the first shaft (402) and the third gear (503) are both connected to the drive unit.
3. A geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The drive unit includes a second motor (7) fixed to the bottom of the second housing (501), the output shaft of the second motor (7) is fixed with a third shaft (502), the third gear (503) is fixedly sleeved on the third shaft (502), the top end of the third shaft (502) is fixed with a square shaft (6), a square hole is opened at the center of the first shaft (402), and the square shaft (6) is slidably sleeved with the square hole.
4. A geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The second housing (501) is rotatably connected to the guide sleeve (12), and the fourth gear (504) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve (12); the guide sleeve (12) includes an outer sleeve (1201) and a retaining ring (1202) disposed on the top of the outer sleeve (1201); the outer sleeve (1201) is sleeved on the rolling friction assembly, and an annular groove (1203) is provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve (1201); one side of the outer wall of the outer sleeve (1201) is connected to the oil injection mechanism (17); the oil injection mechanism (17) is used to inject lubricating oil into the annular groove (1203).
5. A geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The rolling friction assembly includes an inner sleeve (1205); the inner sleeve (1205) has a plurality of evenly distributed through grooves, and a first ball bearing (1206) is rotatably installed in the through grooves; a positioning block (1207) is fixed to the top of the inner sleeve (1205), and a positioning groove is provided at the bottom of the retaining ring (1202), and the positioning block (1207) is inserted into the positioning groove.
6. A geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The oil injection mechanism (17) includes a movable column (1702) and a second cylinder (1701) fixed to the outer wall of the outer casing (1201). A first check valve (1704) and a second check valve (1708) are installed at one end of the second cylinder (1701), and one end of the second check valve (1708) extends into the annular groove (1203). A guide ring (1709) is fixed at the other end of the second cylinder (1701). The movable column (1702) is slidably sleeved with the piston sleeve (1706) at one end of the movable column (1702) located inside the second cylinder (1701), and the piston sleeve (1706) is fitted into the second cylinder (1701). A third spring (1707) is provided inside the second cylinder (1701). The first one-way valve (1704) is connected to an oil inlet pipe (1705), and an oil collection shell (18) is provided below the oil inlet pipe (1705).
7. A geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function as described in claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the movable column (1702) abuts against a fixing ring (13); the fixing ring (13) is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the second box (501); a plurality of protrusions (14) arranged in a ring array are fixed on the inner wall of the fixing ring (13), a protrusion (1402) is provided in the middle of the protrusion (14), and sloping surfaces (1401) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the protrusion (1402).
8. A geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A locking insert (16) is provided on one side of the outer sleeve (1201). The locking insert (16) includes a locking pin (1601). The locking pin (1601) is slidably sleeved with a guide groove (12011) opened on the side wall of the outer sleeve (1201). One end of the locking pin (1601) is inserted into a lock hole (12051) opened on one side of the inner sleeve (1205). A corrugated soft sleeve (160) is sleeved on the locking pin (160). 3) One end of the corrugated sleeve (1603) is fixed to the locking pin (1601), and the other end of the corrugated sleeve (1603) is fixed to the outside of the guide groove (12011). A second spring (1604) is provided inside the corrugated sleeve (1603), and the locking pin (1601) is elastically connected to the outer sleeve (1201) through the second spring (1604). One end of the locking pin (1601) is connected to a driving mechanism (15).
9. A geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (15) includes an annular shell (1501) fixed to the inner ring of the bottom of the fixed ring (13); a piston ring (1502) is fitted inside the annular shell (1501), a movable ring (1503) is fixed to the top of the piston ring (1502), an annular plate (1504) is fixed to the top of the movable ring (1503), a first spring (1506) is provided at the bottom of the annular plate (1504), a compression ring (1505) is fixed to the top of the annular plate (1504), the inner diameter of the compression ring (1505) gradually decreases from top to bottom, a second ball (1602) is provided at one end of the locking pin (1601), and the second ball (1602) abuts against the inner ring of the compression ring (1505); the annular shell (1501) is connected to a hydraulic mechanism (11).
10. A geological exploration device with guiding and limiting function as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The hydraulic mechanism (11) includes a first cylinder (1101) disposed at the top of the frame (1), the first cylinder (1101) is connected to a piston rod (1102), the bottom end of the piston rod (1102) extends from the bottom of the first cylinder (1101), a pressure seat (10) is disposed below the piston rod (1102), and the pressure seat (10) is fixed to the first transmission mechanism (4); the top of the first cylinder (1101) is connected to the bottom of the annular shell (1501) through a connecting pipe (1103).